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A07871 A briefe collection and compendious extract of the strau[n]ge and memorable things, gathered oute of the cosmographye of Sebastian Munster. Where in is made a playne descrypsion of diuerse and straunge lavves rites, manners, and properties of sundry nacio[n]s, and a short reporte of straunge histories of diuerse men, and of the nature and properties of certayne fovvles, fishes, beastes, monsters, and sundrie countries and places; Cosmographia. English. Abridgments Münster, Sebastian, 1489-1552.; Eden, Richard, 1521?-1576, attributed name. 1572 (1572) STC 18242; ESTC S107531 75,351 206

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Sarnum not far frō Naples sendeth forth continuallye flames of fyer and smoake like vnto Aetna in Sicily This hyll in the raygne of Titus the Emperour being broken in the very top di● cast forth so greate flames that it set the countryes adioyninge on fyre The wrytere of Histories say such abundaunce of ashes and hot imbers to haue bene throwen out of this hyll that the fields roūd about haue bene filled with the sayd ashes euen to the tops of the trees It is also found in auncient wrytinges that Plinye the second beinge a verye graue and wyse man in the raygne of Traianus the Emperoure was suffocate and destroied with the flames ashes of this hyll whē that for the desyre hee had to see and note the nature and mocion of it he presumed to go to neare This mountayn also burned with flames of fyre when T. Vespa●ian and F. Domitian were consuls and breaking out in the top first it cast for the stones aloft after that so great flames of fyre folowed that throughe the feruente heate thereof .ii. townes were consumed with fyre ● the smoke therof was so thick that it tooke away the light of the sonne and in the day tyme made the darknes of the night casting forth both Pumice stones and diuerse other kind of blacke stones Last of all ashes sprang out so thicke and in such a multitude that the coūtries harde by were couered therewith as it were with snowe and these ashes were dryuen by the force of the wyndes partly into Affricke and partly into Egipt and Syria The which outragious burninge as the elder Pliny did contemplate and beholde the smoake did so obstructe and stop his wynde pype that in the restraint of respiracion hee was suffocate and strangled The properties of the Egle. IN Italy there bee many Egles this fowle is a rapaciouse cruell and a deuourer of fleshe shee is so much geuen ●o greedines and to her praye that shee ●oth not onely seeke for prayes in necessi●ie of fode but also whē she hath ynough ●e seeketh for superfluities she doth gre●elye inuade and set vpon Hares Hartes ●eese and Cranes the eyes of the Egle ●e so sharpe and quicke of sighte that be●ng in the very highest parte of the ayre ●he can easly see what falleth on the land Amongeste all fowles onelye the Egle ●an moue hir selfe straight vpwarde and ●ownwarde perpendiculerly with her ●yinge without any collateral declining The Egle is commended for his faithful ●es towardes other birds when he hath ●otten meate or feedinge for he dothe fa●iliarly comunicate the same vnto suche ●owles as do accompany him and when ●e hath no more to make distribution of ●hen he attacheth his gel●e and dismeni●reth and deuoureth him All Fowles ●remble when they see the Egle hauing ●s it were some vnderstandinge of his ty●anny against them He loueth his yonge ●ith great affectiō so that the Egle put●eth his owne body in daunger for them ●earing his yonge on his backe when he perceiueth them to be assaulted with arrowes When he laboreth to dryue the Harte headlong to ruyne hee gathereth much dust ●s he flyeth and sitting vppon the Hartes hornes hee shaketh the duste into his eyes and with his winges beateth him about the mouth vntyl he bringeth him to fall downe headlong Hee hath great conflictes with the Dragon the Dragon most gredely coueteth the Egles egs for this cause they fight whersoeuer they meete It is sayde that the Egle of all kynde of fowles can kepe the sharpenes of his sighte and his eyes ●●edfaste againste the sonne beames and that he is neuer hurt by lightninge A discription of the Rauen. THe Rauen is a fowle geeuen to rapacitie and deuouringe of fleshe great of body slow in flight shar● in sight and frequenteth much in Italy● in the Alpes in Spayne and in Egipte And this is to be vnderstode of the great kinde of Rauens The skynne of the Rauen is prepared and dressed ar●ificially● of the whyte tawyers with the feathers remayning vpon yt and that so layde to a stomacke not wel or sicklye doth meruelouslye helpe digestion This fowle doth greatlye aboue all other couet mens carcases and by a singuler wit and naturall gift it vnderstandeth of mans death presaging it fewe dayes before With his sharpe eye sight also it perceiueth a farre of his most desyred fode There be some that wryteth merueylouse things of this fowle that in the tyme of warre seuen dayes before hande it smelleth and perceiueth by cente the place where the battayle shal be and commonlye doth associate it selfe to that part whiche it perceyueth shall perrishe with sworde And therfore in auncient times Prynces had their Sothesayers and beholders of byrdes that dyd most diligently looke vp on the eyes of the Rauens and marke to what parte they turned their eyes and whiche ●ide they did presage to perishe in battayle S. Ambrose writethe that a Rauen conceiueth without the seede of the male and to haue generation withoute coniunction of males and females that they liue exceding long so that their age is ful complete with an hundreth yeres and when they come to extreme olde age that then the vpper parte of their bylls doth so ouergrowe the lower parte so y it hindreth and restrayneth it that they cannot open their bylls to take fodde therfore are compelled to dye by famyn for he doth not sharpen his bill agaynste a stone as the Egle is wont to do ¶ Certayne rytes and lawes of the old● Romaynes ROmulus made a Lawe that the wyfe should be equall fellow with her husbande in money and other thinges in holynes and sacrifices and that she sholde liue according to the maner of her husbande and as hee was Lorde of the house so should she be Lady of the familye that she should succede her husbād dying with oute issue and that with her children shee should haue her equall porcion If the wyfe were conuicte of adulterye that then her husband kinsfolke mighte punishe her with what kynde of death they woulde It was not lawfull for the women of Rome to drinke wyne this was obserued many yeares wher of was inuented an instrumēt of dower in the whyche the Husbande promised the father of the wyfe as often as shee brought for the children that hee shoulde geue her as much wine to drinke the first viii dayes as were decent and conueniēt and also so long as she was sicke that she shoulde haue wine by the counsell of the phisition and that vppon euery solempe festiuall daye she might lawfully recreate her selfe with one draught of wine Cato the Censor made a decree that they whiche were of propinquitie to the wyfe might kisse her wherby they might learne if she sauored of wine and that semed to be done by thexample of Egnatius Metentinus of whome it is saide that he slewe his wife with a clubbe because shee drunke wyne from the barrell and that Romulus pardoned
of sixe thousande buildings which be not ioyned together as our houses be but are seperate a good space a sunder the lengthe of the cittie is a thousand paces their houses be very lowe so that they are not aboue the heighte of a man on horse backe from the ground they be couered in the topp with voughes and braunches of trees commōlye Their king is addict to the worshippinge of deuils Hee do●the not deni● God to be the maker of heauen and eart● and the firste cause and author of things but the saythe that God appointed the office of iudgement to an ill spyrit and to do right to mort●l men and this spyrit thei call Deumo The kinge hath the picture of this deuill in his chappel sitting with a diademe an his head like vnto the bishops of a Rome but this diademe hath four hor●es aboute and this picture gapethe with a wide mouth sheweth four teeth It hath a deformed nose grim and terrible eyes a threatning countenance cro●ed fingers with tallants and feet much like vn●o a cocke they that loke vpon this horrible monster are sodenlye a fraid it is so lothsome and terrible a thinge to beholde About the churche are painted deuils and in euery corner Sathā is made of brasse sitting with such workmanship that he seemeth to cast flames of fier for the consuming of so●les miserablye in his right hand the picture of the deuill putteth a soule to his mouth and with his left hand it recheth another Euery morninge theire priestes do clense this Idoll with rose water and other swete waters and they perfume it with diuers sweete thinges falling downe and worshippinge 〈◊〉 They put the bloud of a cocke weekelye in a siluer vessel filled wi●h burninge coles and a great number of swete perfumes and taking a cens●r they make it redolent with frankincense and haue a little siluer bel ringing all the while And the King eateth no mea●e before that iiii priestes haue offred vnto the deuil somewhat of the kinges dishes The king at his dinner ●●tteth on the ground without any cloth vnder hint and the priestes standeth round aboute hym as he sytteth neue● cōming nerer hym their within four pa●●s marking the kynges wordes moste re●er●●●lye when he hath done eatinge y 〈…〉 ●he relicques of the kynges meate to yong crowes and birdes to bee eaten which fowle is an ●ey●ous thinge to ●●ll and therfore they ●lye euery wherin safety When the 〈◊〉 m●rieth a wife ●e ●seth not to go to be● vnto her before th●t this newe maried wife hath bene de●●loure● of the most worthye pryeste For this who●edome the kinge geueth him as a rewarde fyue hundred crownes The pryestes are in the first order of estymacion with them then senators whych beare a sword and a buckler a bow and a Iaueline when they goe abroade Thirdlye they esteme artificers Fourthly fyshers Fyftlye marchants for wine peper acornes Last of al such as sowe and gather ryce They haue no great respect of apparel but to couer their priuye partes they go barefoote and barehead When the king is dead if there be any males aline etherchyldren brethren or brothers children they succede not in the kingdome but the sin̄ers sonne by theyr lawe muste haue the scepter and if there be no suche then he succedeth in the crowne which is nearest of consangninitie and this is for none other cause but because the priestes haue defloured their quene When the kinge goeth foorthe into some straunge countrye or to hunt the priests kepe the quene company at home and nothing can be more acceptable to the king then that they should be acqueynted with the quene in venereouse acts and therefore the kinge knoweth for a certaintye that those children which he hath by his wyfe cannot be accompted his chyldren but he taketh his sisters children as most neare vnto him in lawful cons●guinitye and taketh them heires to the crowne The marchants kepe this order such wiues as they haue they may chaunge them in the colour of a better coniunction and the ●●e sayth to the other seing tha● you haue bene my best friende let vs chaunge our wiues vpon that condicion that you may haue myne and I may haue youres Then saith the other saye you so in earnest yea sayth he by Pollux Then ●ayth his fellowe let vs goe home to my house whether whē they are come the one claymeth the others wife sayinge come hyther woman and folow this man because from hence forthe he shal be thy husband then the woman sayth doo you speake in earne●t to whome her fyrst husband saith I do not mocke then the woman saythe gladly I wil folowe hym And this is the way of chaunging theyr wiues Ther be some women in this countrye that maye mary seuen husbands and lye with them euery night by course and where shee is deliuered of a chylde shee maye choose to whiche of her husbandes shee wil father her chylde so that the man maye not refuse it by anye meanes Manye other straunge thinges is rehearsed of this nacion the rehearsall wherof were very tedyouse here There is much Peper growinge in this countrye of Calechut the stalke of pepper is but weake somewhat lyke to a vyne stalke so that it cannot growe without a prop it is not muche vnlyke to yuie for it wyndeth and creepeth as that doth and with a more deepe claspinge it wyndeth about the tree this hath manye braunches thre handful longe They gather it in October and Nouember being grene as yet and lay it on tiles in the son to be dryed wherin iii. dayes space it waxeth blacke euen as wee haue it Ginger growethe in Calechut but muche is broughte oute of Crauonor thither Cynamon is in the Isle of Zaylon fyftie Germaine myles beyond Calechut Pepper growethe in the fyeldes of Calechut but great store is brought out of Corimucol xii miles beyōd Calechut Cloues are gathred in a place called Meluza a litle from Calechut Nutmeggs growe in Melaccha whyche is a greate way from Calechut Muske or Castoreū commeth from the country of Pego whiche is an hundred myles from Calechut Pearle and preciouse stone are founde about the citie of Ormus and sent to Calechut the general mar● of al the East partes And manye other spices silkes and straunge thinges are brought from these countries into oures Of the bridges in Singui and Quinsai THere bee numbred in the Citye of Singui about sixe thousād bridges of stone hauinge so large arches that great ships may passe throughe withoute bendyng of the maste There is another cittye called Quinsay in Asia whych contayneth in the circuite of it aboue an hundred Italian myles whyche make .xxv. German myles it is thoughte to bee the greatest and most notable citie in the world It hath twelue thousand bridges of stone so highe and large that a shyp maye passe vpright through them Of certaine illusions of Deuills aboute Tangut THere is seene and hearde aboute the deserts of