Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	bring_v	good_a	work_n	2,437	5	5.8344	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A26235	A treatise of fruit trees shewing the manner of planting, grafting, pruning, and ordering of them in all respects according to rules of experience gathered in the space of thirty seven years : whereunto is annexed observations upon Sr. Fran. Bacons Natural history, as it concerns fruit-trees, fruits and flowers : also, directions for planting of wood for building, fuel, and other uses, whereby the value of lands may be much improved in a short time with small cost and little labour / by Ra. Austen.	Austen, Ralph, d. 1676.	1665 (1665)	Wing A4240; ESTC R29129	167,009	399

mo●e into the shoots and make them larger t●en if it bore fruits and the issue as to ●earing more or better fruits would be nothing worth There is no doubt but that Grafting for the most part doth meliorate fruit The cause is manifest for that the nourishment is better prepared in the stock then in the crud● earth Grafting doth not at all meliorate the fruit simply in its self for a Tree will not be the better for grafting unless the grafts be taken from a good Tree If the Tree from which grafts are cut be no better then the Tree which is grafted then grafting will not a jot mend the fruit which it would if grafting were any thing towards the bettering of the fruit The cause why grafted Trees bear better fruits then wild ungrafted trees is not because they are grafted but because the grafts are good the tree from which the grafts are cut is of a good kind and nature and every twig graft and bud hath the nature of the Tree in it perfectly the p●operties of the Tree are in all and every part as the Soul in the body which i● tota in toto tota in qualibet parte ●●d the grafts retain the nature and p●operties being grafted upon wild stocks and bring forth ●uits accordingly ●nd that 's the cause that grafting doth me●orate the fruit and not because the nourishment is better prepared in the stock then ●n the crude earth for the branches of an ingrafted Tree do no more receive nourishment from the crude earth then the branches of a grafted Tree but the sap and nourishment passeth up a body or stock to the branches in the one as well as in the other And as it is true that the Peach and Molocotone as the Author says do bear good fruits coming up of stones which is not alwayes so neither onely here and there one so it is true also that they bear as good fruits of the bud being Inoculated It hath been received that a smaller Pear grafted upon a stock that beareth a greater Pear will become great c. It is true as the Author thinks that this will not succeed because the Grafts do govern they always bring forth fruit answerab●e to their own natures and kinds else it were to little purpose to get grafts from such or such a good Tree to have more of the kind Yet it is true also that the stock hath some influence upon the graft so as to make the fruit better or worse according to the nature of the stock in some small degree As if we graft upon a stock that naturally bears a sower harsh fruit the fruit of the graft will not be altogether so pleasant as if it were grafted upon a stock that bears naturally a sweet and pleasant fruit and hence it is that Pears grafted upon Quince-stocks will be more delicate then upon Pear-stocks The Quince-stock gives an excellent taste to it but these Trees upon Quinces will never attain to any great bigness for all Quince-trees are but small in comparison of Pear-trees and where the stock can be but small the graft cannot be great yet as I have seen it somewhat bigger then the stock As for a Pear upon a Thorne which this Author speaks of it cannot be good it makes it a harsh hard Pear at the core if it thrive and bear but most commonly they die in two or three years we know its natural fruit Hawes have stones in them But for the Apple upon the Crab that 's natural the Crab being a wild apple and very proper to graft all sorts of Apples upon in regard of the soundness of the stock its long lasting and aptness to take with grafts and also to grow when set in the ground although it 's true it makes the fruit somewhat more tart then the same fruit upon sweet Apple-stocks It is true that the seeds of some Apples and Pears brings forth very good fruit the cause of this I suppose is for that the stocks whereon these fruits were grafted or Inoculated were good kinds of themselves kinds that came good of seed formerly and if so no marvel though the seeds bring forth good fruits without Grafting or Inoculating and upon the Experience Peach-stones have brought forth a paltry naughty fruit many of them though some good As concerning the Grafting of an Apple Cions upon a Sallow Poplar Alder Elme or Horse-plum it is in vain to try for tryal hath been made upon stocks nearer in kind then these and it would not come to perfection they will grow a year or two it may be and then decay and die Flowers removed wax greater because the nourishment is more easily come by in the loose earth It may be that often regrafting of the same Cions may likewise make fruit greater To remove Flowers small young Roots into good fresh earth will improve them in growth and bigness especially if withal some of the side-slips and also of the buds which the Root shoots up for flowers be cut off and some half a dozen or half a score of the buds or shoots be left to grow upon the Roots the Root then will be able to give plentiful nourishment to them whereby they will become much larger then if all the spindle buds were suffered to grow But as for often regrafting the same graft in order to make a large fruit this will not do it for we see it is constantly done from year to year for what else is the cutting of Grafts from young Trees it may be of two or three or but of one years growth and grafting them again upon stocks and repeating this for many years together and yet we know the grafts hold their own natural properties from one year to another And though there be as hath been said some small alteration according to the kind of the stock while it grows upon it yet that alteration is lost and falls off when the Graft is engrafted upon another stock and the Graft retains its own natural properties only with some small addition of the nature of the stock on which it at present grows It maketh Figs better if a Fig-tree when it beginneth to put forth leaves have his top cut off If the Fig-tree be very old cutting off the top may be profitable for that such cutting as in all other Trees maketh the Sap shoot forth into branches more vigorously then otherwise it would by which lively rising of Sap the whole Tree and the Fruit upon it fares the better but if the tops of young Trees be cut off Fig-trees or other there will shoot forth in the room thereof such huge strong shoots that the main stream of Sap will run that way which great shoots will be for a year or two it may be unfruitful It is reported that Mulberries will be fairer and the Trees more fruitful if you bore the Trunk of the Tree thorow in several places

moist Aire towards Winter comes on they will begin to mould and ●ot I have kept some in Glass as close stopt with cork and wax as I could supposing the exclusion of Air had been best but though they were good certain week yet afterwards they began to perish I account it better to hang the bunches in a Kitchin or some warm Room where fire is much kept that so some of their superfluous moisture may be a little dried up I have kept them thus many weeks For though the Aire be much shut out from them in any Vessel yet that Aire that is shut in with them and their own natural moisture will cause putrefaction therefore there is need of some degree of warmth with dryness Cut off some of the wood with the bunches and cover them with paper from dust and hang them up in the Kitchin or where fire is kept Also a Vine branch full of ripe Grapes may be drawn in at a window and nailed up upon the wall or seeling letting the branch grow still to the Vine thus they will keep long The juices of Fruits are either watry or oylie I reckon amongst the watry all the fruits out of which drink is expressed as the Grape the Apple the Pear the Cherry the Pomegranate c. And there are some others which though they be not in use for drink yet they appear to be of the same nature as Plums Mulberries Services Rasps c. And for those juices that are so fleshie as they cannot make drink by expression yet perhaps they may make drink by mixture of water And some of the watry juices after they have gathered spirit will burn and inflame as Wine Concerning the juices of Apples Pears and Cherries these are well known and much in use and esteem the two former with us in England and all of them in other parts And we might have Wine of Cherries as plentifully in England as it is beyond Sea if men would but plant store of Cherry-trees of the best kinds such as are fittest for this purpose as the Morello Cherry the Charoon the Black hart and other kinds which have a pleasant taste the juice of which is of a deep red colour These would make a delicate Wine especially for Sommer time and which will last also all the year as I have heard it credibly spoken by a worthy Gentleman who drank good Cherry Wine of a Twelve month old As for Cider and Perry these Liquors especially Cider begin to be better known to us in some parts where they have scarce been heretofore And doubtless when men are better acquainted with them and know their good properties and virtues in reference to health and long-life they will be more diligent in planting Fruit-trees such as are best and fittest for this purpose as the Pearmain Pippin Gennet-moyle Redstreak and such like which make Cider better then French-wine Concerning the manner of making Cider and Perry with the keeping and ordering of it I have spoken at large in my Treatise of Fruit-trees See the use of Fruits pag. 144 145 c. As for Plums it is affirmed that there may be made an excellent Wine out of them and also Aquavitae of those that are sweet fat Plums as Musle-plums Damsons c. And though the juice be too thick of it self for that purpose yet Water Cider or some other liquor may be mixed therewith which being put up into the Vessel some Hony Yest or the like must be mixed to cause it to work It hath been noted that most Trees and specially those that bear Mast are fruitful but once in two years The cause no doubt is the expence of sap for many Orchard Trees well cultured will bear divers years together Some Fruit-trees bear store of fruits but once in two years and I conceive it to be as natural for some kinds so to do as to bear such or such a kind of fruit And others are observed to bear store of Fruits every year constantly unless perhaps in some extream blasting spring which spoils in a manner all But for many years together every year some are known to bear Fruits exceeding full in the same ground and with the same culture as those that bear but each other year so that we see the expence of sap in the bearing year is not the only cause that Trees bear not the next year after for some that expend as much sap do yet bear the next year after as full as before So then let care be taken to chuse grafts from those Trees that we see by Experience are the best and most constant bearers and best fruits The greater part of Tre●s bear most and best on the lower boughs but some bear best on the top boughs Those that bear best below are such as shade doth more good to then hurt for generally all fruits bear best lowest because the sap tireth not having but a short way and therefore in fruits spread upon walls the lowest are the greatest To my observation Apple-trees Pear-trees Cherry-trees c. that are good bearers they bear all over alike And gene●ally all Fruit-trees in these parts have need enough of the Sun and bear better in the Sun then in the shade but indeed as to Wall trees most commonly we see most fruit upon the lower boughs and side branches and the Reason I apprehend to be this Not the ●iring of the sap in its going to the top branches for the sap is too vigorous and too plentiful in the top boughs and thence it is we always see the fairest and greatest shoots towards the top of all Wall-trees and commonly of all other Trees But the cause why the lower boughs and side branches have usually more fruit then the top branches I conceive to be for that the sap naturally presseth upwards in greatest plenty and runeth forth into shoots and branches Now nature being so intent and vigorously active in one work viz. the increase of the Tree in those branches it doth not put forth it self at the same time in that other effect of bearing fruit upon the same branches But now as to the lower boughs and side branches there nature is at work but in a remiss and weaker degree as to the increase of the branches such grow but little because the sap is somewhat obstructed and curbed by bowing the branches downwards and so does attend to the other work also viz. the bearing of Fruits And the truth of this is made more evident if we consider the same thing in all young Trees We know young Apple-trees Pear-trees and the like when and while they grow and increase exceedingly in all the parts shooting forth great large strong shoots and branches they bear but little fruit or none at all But after certain years when they grow not so much when they shoot less then they fall to bearing fruits more abundantly There be Trees that bear best when they begin