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A42036 A most excellent and pathetical oration, or, Declamation of Gregory Nazianzen's stigmatizing, and condemning the Emperor Julian for his apostatising from the truth and containing, by way of history, the persecution of the Christians during his reign, the confutation of pagan abominations and the obscenity, as well as absurdity, both of the substance and ceremonies of their pretended religion, with respect unto its doctrine and the ... ceremonies approved of among the primitive Christians. Gregory, of Nazianzus, Saint. 1662 (1662) Wing G1879A; ESTC R293 69,488 210

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related and represented 〈◊〉 miracle unto us and who have 〈◊〉 purpose also to communicate a ●ore ample and full description ●●ereof unto posterity Well then after become men ●●ey should have entred into the ●recepts of Philosophy would to God such their entrance had never ●een or that they had attained ●nto the perfection thereof which 〈◊〉 them that are well born serves as 〈◊〉 weapon of true virtue to defend ●hem from the impostery of all ●anner of contrary inconveni●●nces though to the perverse and ●●ase minded it becomes sometimes 〈◊〉 spur to set them forward in their untowardness as in Julian wh● to give the Devil his due was we●● vers'd in the study of whatev●● profane literature It 's true 〈◊〉 was a great Philosopher and ye● for all that 't was not possible 〈◊〉 him to conceal his disease to kee● close in his mind the deceit of impiety that therein lurked For 〈◊〉 fire in wood though the flame appears not is known by the smo●● and sparkles that ascend from 〈◊〉 or as water that runs in hollo● places in time of great wind● having no way to expatiate it sel● nor issue free but is oftner troubled and mingled with earth an● other filth renders a sad noise fro● within being prest with the violence of the wind and kept bad by the force of other accident● meeting together with it So thi● man though he concealed much o● his profound wickedness by reaso● of the time and instruction of th● Emperour it not being for a whil● either lawful or safe to make known his irreligion openly ye● discovered he nevertheless some●●●●g then of the inwards of his ●●…ghts to men of more under●●●●ding and subtle in Paganisme 〈◊〉 in the true Religion and Do●●●●… of Jesus Christ Also in the 〈◊〉 which he had with his Bro●●●● wherein he maintained the ●●●…eks that is the Gentiles ●●●…ing then befitted him under Pre●●●…e of disputing to uphold the ●●●…ker side but it was indeed a ●●…ourse or exercise meerly a●●●●…st the true Religion and which 〈◊〉 much contented them who 〈◊〉 the character of a more impi●●● Religion imprinted in their ●●●…ts ●ut so soon as the Emperour had ●●…ared his Brother Gallus King 〈◊〉 ●he Romans giving him with 〈◊〉 Government a great part of 〈◊〉 Land and that to Julian also 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 permitted full power and 〈◊〉 to keep company with the ●…ctors and freely to hear the dis●●●rse of the Gentiles And also 〈◊〉 Asia was as a School to him of the false Religion whose In●●bitants the most part of them 〈◊〉 conversant and much verst in Ast●●logy and Prognostication that 〈◊〉 can fore-tell things to come 〈◊〉 likewise in Sorcery and in Incha●●ments a Science ordinarily f●●lowing the other there remain no thing but one viz. that 〈◊〉 and authority were joyned to i●piety Now it was long befo●● that the great iniquity of some ●●quired this for him to our 〈◊〉 as who say the health ● good constitution of the Christi●● body being arrived to the 〈◊〉 of its perfection power hono●● and plenty of all things brough● change For the truth is it● harder matter to keep then to ●●tain unto what is desired an eas●● thing by care and pains-taking call back and cause lost felicity return again then to conserve after gotten Seeing when in p●session of this world's goods 〈◊〉 any great aboundance we are 〈◊〉 to wax proud and A man's 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Wise man tells us shall 〈◊〉 him low but honour shall 〈◊〉 the humble in spirit 〈◊〉 being humbled after afflicted 〈◊〉 our pride for after pride hu●●lity often follows as after hu●●lity honour God resisting the 〈◊〉 and giving grace unto the 〈◊〉 we are thereby the more ●●nestly enforced to seek after 〈◊〉 lost condition till we obtain 〈◊〉 same which after found we 〈◊〉 not so heedful in preserving till 〈◊〉 made more wise by having the 〈◊〉 in the whole or at least in 〈◊〉 taken away from us In this 〈◊〉 as it should seem it befel 〈◊〉 Christians at that time God 〈◊〉 weigheth all things equally ●●asureth all things justly being ●●eas'd to oppose after this man●●r one contrary to or with an 〈◊〉 Which that holy man after ●od's own heart David having 〈◊〉 much experience of in his life●●me puts usually in the number of 〈◊〉 gracious mercies the Lord 〈◊〉 done for him by abasing him and then restoring him not bei●● unmindful upon any occasion 〈◊〉 thankulness to acknowledge 〈◊〉 good he thereby received fr●● him To which purpose what 〈◊〉 he Before I was afflicted I 〈◊〉 astray but now have I kept 〈◊〉 word Putting by this method ●●mility between Sin and Repe●tance as if it were engendred 〈◊〉 the one and likewise did engen●●●● the other Which if ye mar●● is most true Sin for the 〈◊〉 part being the Mother of Hu●●lity and Humility of Repentan●● So we after humble have 〈◊〉 lifted up and whereas heretof●●● being by little and little thro●●● the good conduct of God brou●●● to such an estate and measure 〈◊〉 happiness as we are now in 〈◊〉 as I may so say at such his m●●cies it seemed good unto God 〈◊〉 cast us down Among many other sad thin● that then befell us Christians ' tw●● none of the least that the Kin●dome and Life of Caesar viz. 〈◊〉 Gallus came to an end How 〈◊〉 fell out or by what means I 〈◊〉 forbear to tell you as being ●illing to offend either the 〈◊〉 thereof or him that suffered it that respect I owe unto the Pie●● of them both Nevertheless 〈◊〉 approving of them in their ●●●knesses but considering them ●hey were men they could 〈◊〉 of them be exempted from 〈◊〉 faulty and in that regard both enough to be reprehended were not possible that the reasons 〈◊〉 we shall use to accuse the 〈◊〉 might be the justification of 〈◊〉 other This man then Julian I mean 〈◊〉 the appointment of Constance 〈◊〉 presently heir not of the 〈◊〉 but of the Kingdome of his ●ther Gallus and soon after was 〈◊〉 also with him who gave him 〈◊〉 estate being forced to pay the ●●mmon tributeof all men as over●●me and carried away by death 〈◊〉 the loss and destruction of all 〈◊〉 survived him And now what shall we touching this most divine this 〈◊〉 Christian Emperour I care 〈◊〉 for addressing my complaint 〈◊〉 any but to thee O thou 〈◊〉 Soul as if thou sawest and he●est me while at present dire●●ing my speech unto thee 〈◊〉 know that it can offend thee in 〈◊〉 thing who art now resident 〈◊〉 God who inheritests his 〈◊〉 who art gone from us here 〈◊〉 to exchange thy earthless 〈◊〉 for a better and more durabl●● heaven Tell me neverthele●● who was it that suggested 〈◊〉 counsel unto thee of leaving 〈◊〉 thy successour who gave to 〈◊〉 that advice which comes so 〈◊〉 short of that sublime subtlety 〈◊〉 great judgement wherewith 〈◊〉 wa' st indued not onely above 〈◊〉 the Princes of thine own 〈◊〉 but above them all in like 〈◊〉 that
punish the eldest without a just ●nd lawful cause So that for resolution of the thing in question so f●●… it may be answered the one 〈◊〉 Constance his acts ought to be attributed to the temerity of Gal●● who was punished and the oth●● to the good nature of himself wh●… gave those honours unto Julian Or to say truth Constance had no● so much assurance in Julian's fait● and oath as in the power that wa● then remaining in his own hand Some thinke under the same ●elief Alexander the great gave ●orus not his life onely who ●ravely on the other side fought ●or the Crown but also the King●ome of the Indies Neither ●ould he make his magnanimity ●etter appear then by such an act ●f his who being Alexander ●hought there went more of him 〈◊〉 overcoming then by armes ●eeing 't was in his own power as 〈◊〉 conceived if the other viz. ●orus had shewed himself un●rateful and rebellious thereupon ●o have overcome and utterly vanquished him afresh So his great ●ssurance great Constance his confidence I mean in his own strength was the cause of his so liberally ●estowing those great honours that ●ut of a magnanimous mind and heroick spirit he so profusely conferred upon Julian But what need I debate so much of this seeing its easie for me although I let go this reason to gain my cause For if he that truste● another man doth ill how muc● more he that is trusted if he fa●● in such his trust and if it b● blameable not possibly to fore see an evil inclination in wh●● degree of blame and baseness sha●● we put that perverse nature tha● so foully deceived him who so fairly and ingeniously trusted thereunto But certainly it 's a thing whereof we cannot soon beware unles● we be as malicious in our selves Besides let us do what we can it 's a hard matter to make a wicke● man good For reason would that this man should have shewed himself faithful to Constance an● if there had been any sparke of ill-will towards him to have utterly extinguished the same But on the contrary in recompense of so many benefits he conceived against him an evil affection became ● Malefactor towards him his Benefactor making it his design to do evil unto that gracious Emperour who had no other design then to do ●ood unto him Behold good people the do●trine that the Platonists the ●hrysipsians and the famous Peripa●●ticks the Stoicks and other who ●orme their pallats to speak so ●rettily have taught him Take ●otice of the Geometrical Pro●ortion the discourse of Justice ●nd of those Patient Philosophers that maintain It 's better to take ●hen to do wrong See also what ●rave Preceptors what great Coun●ellors of State what grave Law-makers he took to him in the quar●ours and drew out of taverns and of whom he was wont to say that he approoved not their manner of living but rather admired their eloquence nor it neither but possibly rather their impiety These alone were the men whom he thought good to advise with and to ask counsel of in whatever to be done or otherwise left undone by him And are we not well advised think ye to admire this kind 〈◊〉 people who forme Idea's of Co●mon-wealths in their discourse th●● can never be reduced into Act who sooth up cruell Tyrants 〈◊〉 their Oppression with fair speechs and present to the gods a half pen●● with a grave look of the forehead Of this sort some believ● there is no God at all Others n● P●ovidence but that all thing● come to us by hap-hazzard ●● chance Some that we are governed by the Stars and Figures ●● fatal necessity I know not where they have it nor from whom Others that all things tend to Voluptuousness and therein the quintessence of humane life consists but as for Virtue they give it a fine name onely and extend its relation no further then the limits of this life positively putting it down for granted that the faults we commit in this life dyes with us and no further account to be made for them after death The ablest of all their Wise men are endued it seems with no bette●●nowledge but being wrapt up in ●he muddy and obscure darkness of ●rrour and ignorance never lifted ●p the understanding to discern ●ver so little the beams of saving ●ruth but rather troubling them●elves with things here below and that fall under the cognisance of the senses never comprehended ●ny thing about the nature of Devils as most reasonable it is that God the Creator of them should be If there were any one among them that had dived never so little further into the abstruse secrets of nature being destitute at the same time of the grace of God he rested upon that which to him seemed easier to understand and brought the vulgar multitude to conforme themselves thereunto Is it then any great wonder that he who was endued with such Precepts and taught by such Masters should prove a Traytor to him that trusted him a Felon and rebell to him that raised him up If there be yet any other question of defending by accusing him He could not I should think be much troubled in mind for the death of his Brother who was his Brother's enemy by reason of his Religion and so much displeased to see Christianity flourish No but being transported with rage rather against true piety he the sooner troubled the State to establish and give liberty to his false and foolish opinions it being requisite according to their reasons to annexe the Empire to Philosophy and as it fell out after rather to complete then to cause the evils of the Common-wealth to cease Now the first Act of his rebellion and temerity was to make himself be crowned and to procure or rather assume to himself the sublime title of Emperour which in times past was wont to be obtained not as a rape or prey of fortune but by succession or by the will of the Emperour or else as anciently practised by Order from the Senate But he would 〈◊〉 acknowledge as author of his ●●nour him who was the true ●●rd of the Monarchy Then ●●ving forged in his mind a foolish ●●cessity of taking up armes which 〈◊〉 was so rash and un-advisedly ●●ld to undertake See but what 〈◊〉 contrived and to what point he ●●duced his oversight and folly O 〈◊〉 extreme fury of this man 〈◊〉 went armed with great forces ●gainst his Prince and part of the ●est under the colour and covert 〈◊〉 excusing himself for taking up●● him the Crown I say under 〈◊〉 colour c. because as yet he ●●ssembled and endeavoured to ●ver his disloyalty and madness 〈◊〉 a time when indeed his whole ●ope and full intention was to ●●tablish himself in the Empire ●nd by his ingratitude render him●●lf notable to all the world Wherein his hope as it fell out ●fter did not deceive him was ●ot in vain With respect where●nto I would not that they should be