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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A14021	The noble arte of venerie or hunting VVherein is handled and set out the vertues, nature, and properties of fiutene sundrie chaces togither, with the order and maner how to hunte and kill euery one of them. Translated and collected for the pleasure of all noblemen and gentlemen, out of the best approued authors, which haue written any thing concerning the same: and reduced into such order and proper termes as are vsed here, in this noble realme of England. The contentes vvhereof shall more playnely appeare in the page next followyng.	Gascoigne, George, 1542?-1577.; Turberville, George, 1540?-1610?, attributed name.; Fouilloux, Jacques du, 1521?-1580. Vénerie.	1575 (1575)	STC 24328; ESTC S121817	161,973	257

in the ende of October bycause of the Wynter and coldes whiche then beginne to reygne and for that mylke and other nouritures which are most meete for them doe then beginne to fayle and therefore it is then verie harde if they be whelped in such season that they shoulde escape death for as muche as the Winter hath ouertaken them before they haue force to endure the colde and though they doe escape yet will they be small and weake Another vnmeete season for whelpes is in Iuly and August bycause of the vehement heates and the flyes fleas and other vermyne which then will torment them But the best season to haue whelpes is in March Apryll and Maye when the time is temperate and the heate not ouer greate Also it is the right time which nature hath appoynted for the breeding of all lyuing creatures as Kyne Goates Sheepe and suche lyke for that is the season most fytte for their nouriture And seeyng that whelpes maye be bredde in all seasons and that many delyght to breede their kynde and to nourishe them in what season to euer they come I haue therfore thought good according to my fantasie to gyue vnderstanding of meanes howe to preserue them Fyrst if they be whelped in Wynter you shall take a Barrell or a Pype well dryed and knocke out the heade at the one ende thereof afterwardes put strawe therein and set it by a place where there is ordinarily a good fyre then turne the open ende towardes the fyre to the ende the whelpes may haue the ayre thereof and you shall feede the damme with good pottage or broth made with Beefe or Mutton Then when the whelpes begynne to lappe you shall accustome them also vnto pottage but such as haue no salte therein bycause salte doth make them drye and causeth them to become maungie vnto the which disease they are subiect when they are whelped in winter Also you shall put in their pottage much Sage other hote hearbes And if peraduenture you see that their haire do fall you shall then annoynt thē with oyle of Walnuts honny mingled together kepe them in their tun or which as cleane as you can and chaunge their strawe euery day and when you perceiue that they beginne to goe you shall haue a net made of strong thread laced with a thong and fasmed about the Tun or Pype euen as they couer a Swyssers drūme so that you may kepe them from going out and that other dogs do not byte them or that they be troden vpon or marred with mens feete And you must make this pype or tunne in such sorte that it may be opened when you will. And as touching other whelpes which are bred in Sommer they must be put in some freshe place whether other dogges come not ordinarily and you should lay vnder them some hardle or watlyng with strawe therevpon least the colde or moystnesse of the earth doe annoy them and that strawe must also be often changed They ought also to be in some darke place bycause the Flyes shall so least annoy them and therewithall it shall be also good to annoynte them twyce a weeke with oyle of Nuttes myngled and beaten with Saffron bruzed to pouder for that oyntment doth kyil all sortes of wormes and recomfortes the skynne and the synewes of dogges and keepeth them from byting of Flyes and Punayses And sometyme you must also annoynte the Bytch in like manner and put there to the iupce of Berue or wylde Cresseys for feare least she fyll hir whelpes full of Fleas and forget not to nourishe hir with pottage as is before rehearsed When the whelpes shall be fyfteene dayes olde you muste worme them and eyght dayes after you may cut off one ioynte of theyr tayles in suche fourme and manner as I will prescribe hereafter in the treatie of Receiptes Afterwardes when they shall begynne to see and to rate you muste gyue them good mylke alwayes hote whether it be Cowes mylke Gotes mylke or Ewes mylke and note that it shall not be good to wayne them and put them to keeping abroade vntyll they be two monethes olde and that for dyuers causes One bycause the longer they taste of theyr dammes teate the more they shall take of hir complexion and nature the which we may see by experience For when a Bytch hath whelpes let a mastyffe bytch gyue sucke to that one halft and you shall fynde that they will neuer be so good as those which the damme dyd bring vppe Another cause is that if you separate them one from another before they be two monethes olde at the least they will be chyll and tender and it will be straunge vnto them by want of their damme which was wont to keepe them warme The signes and tokens which a man ought to regarde in iudging whether the whelpes will be good or not Chap. 9. THE auncient Authours would say that a man maye knowe the best whelpes by the dammes teates and that such as commonly sucked the teates which are nearer the heart of the damme are the best and the strongest bycause the bloude about that place is most lyuely and delicate Others haue sayde that they might be knowne by a token which they haue vnder the throate whereas there are certayne haires lyke vnto Hogges brystles and that if there be odde haires it is a token of goodnesse and that if there be euen it is an euill token Some other haue taken marke by the hynder legges by the dewclawes for if there be none saye they it is a good token and if there be but one it is also good but if there be two it is an euill likelyhoode Some agayne wyll looke within the mouth of the whelpe thinking that suche as haue the roofe of their mouthe blacke should be good and suche as are redde there should not be muche worth And if they haue theyr nostrelles wyde and open it is a sygne that they shall be of perfect sent As to the consideration of other partes of the bodye there is no great iudgement vntyll they be three or foure monethes olde Neuerthelesse I take them whiche haue long large and thicke eares and the hayre vnder their belly hard and great to be the best and those markes I haue proued and founde true Nowe bycause I haue thereof spoken a little before I will speake none other thing therevpon at this present That it is best bringing vp of whelpes in villages in the countrey and not in shambles Chap. 10. WHen your whelpes be brought vp two monethes vnder the damme and that you see they can feede well then shall it be good to feede them abroad into the Uyllages to keepe in some fayre place whiche is neare vnto some water and farre from any Warren of Coneys for as much as if they haue scarcetie of water and when they come to be of force they maye chaunce to be subiecte vnto madnesse bycause theyr bloude wyll become hote and drye whereas the

the which they may perceiue either by their houndes or by marking which way he fled when he came thether Let them make their houndes take the water and swymme therein for they may ●…nde sent vpon the bulrushes or weedes which growe in the ryuer Or otherwise the huntesmen them selues may seeke to finde where the Harte hath forsaken the soyle which huntesmen call breaking of the water and there they shall finde by the grasse or hearbes which he hath borne downe before him which waye he maketh heade When they finde assuredly which way he maketh heade then let them call their houndes out of the water for feare least they founder them with too much colde after their heate And if there be three huntesinen of them together let two of thē get one of the one side of the riuer and another on that other side and let the thirde get him before that waye that the Harte hath made heade to see if he can espye him swymming or lying in the water the two huntsmen which shal be on each side of the ryuer shal beate with their hounds each of thē vpō his side far inough from the bankes For they shal haue better sent xx or xxx paces off than they should haue at the verie side or banke of the ryuer And the reason is that when the Hart commeth out of the water he is al wet and moyled with water which poureth downe his legs in such abundance that it drownes the Slot or view But cōmonly he rouseth and shaketh the water off him at his cōming out therof so that by that time he haue gone xx or xxx paces the Slot is better and the hounds shall sent him much better Neuerthelesse the huntsmen them selues should kepe alwayes neare to the riuer for somtimes the Hart will lye vnder the water all but his very nose as I haue before rehearsed Or may percase lye in some bed of bulrushes or in some tuft of sallowes so that they might leaue him behind them and then assone as they were past he might goe counter backe againe the same way that he came For commonly a Harte hath that craftie pollicie to suffer the hounds to ouershoot him and the huntsmen to passe by him And assone as they be past he will steale back go coūter right backwards in the same track or path that he came This hapneth not oftē vnlesse the riuer be full of sallows or such bushes and neare vnto some forest But let some one of the Huntesmen haue alwayes an eye to the Riuer let the rest beate with theyr hoūdes xx paces from the bankes and so let them keepe on altogether vntill they finde where he brake water and if they finde any blocke or beame or such thing that lieth crosse ouerthwarte the streame let them looke there whether he haue broken water or not for vnlesse it be at such a place or at suche a let a Harte will keepe the water long especially when he breaketh from the houndes ouer a champaigne countrie for at such times they will holde the water as long as they can and also at such times they trust no longer neyther in their thickets nor in their swiftnesse but are constrayned to seeke the soyle as their last refuge And here I thinke it not amisse to aduertise you that an Harte dreadeth the Northerne windes and the Southerne windes much more than he doth the Easterly or Westerly windes in such sorte that if at his breakyng out of a couert when he seeketh to breake from the houndes endwaies ouer the champaigne he feele either a North-winde or a Southwinde blow he will neuer runne into it but turnes his backe and takes it in his tayle and this he dothe for diuers respects The first is bycause the Northwinde is colde and sharpe and drieth exceedingly and the Southwinde is hote and corrupt bycause it commeth vnder the circle of the Sunne the whiche ouercommeth him and settes him vp quickly by the vehement sweltrie heate thereof And if he should runne into any of those two windes it would quickly enter his throte when he is embost and beginneth to be spent and would drie his throte and his tongue sore and would alter and chafe him much with the vehement heate thereof Also those windes are commonly great and tempestuous and if he should runne against them his head and hornes woulde be as a sayle to holde him backe the which might much let him in his runnyng Agayne he knoweth that if he runne into the winde the houndes shall haue the better sent of him and neede not so much to lay theyr noses to the ground but may hunte vpon the winde Also he himself doth couet alwayes both to see and heare the houndes whiche follow him And although Phoebus sayeth that all Hartes do commonly runne downe the winde how so euer it sitte yet haue I found it otherwise by experience and especially when it bloweth frō the Seawardes which is a moyst winde and then a Harte will couet to rūne agaynst the winde but doubtlesse a Harte doth feare the Northerlywinde and the Southwinde as I haue sayde before and so do all other beasts as Spaniels or hoūdes the which wil not hunte so wel in those windes as they do at other times Also you shal vnderstād that a Harte doth foreloyne and breake out before the houndes for diuers reasons especially in Aprill or May when his head is bloudie and soft for then if he be hunted he dareth not holde in the thickets or couerts for hurtyng of his head but is 〈◊〉 to come forth of the strong holdes and then he breaketh ouer the champaigne Countries and seeketh to forloyne or to breake from the houndes and then he doubleth crosseth c. Or it may be that a harte forsaketh the couert for an other reason bicause in the thickets he trauayleth more beateth himself sorer in bearing downe the boughes before him cannot make way so wel before the houndes for they beyng much lesser than he do runne with greater ease in the hollow of the woodes below and in like maner h●… cannot crosse nor double so well in the couert as he may do in the playne champaigne And for these causes he is constreyned as it were to go out either into the hollow woodes or into the champaigne And there let the Huntesmen haue good regarde for a hounde may much sooner be at default in the hollow woodes than in the strong couerts hauing more scope to cast about to rāg●… furder out when they are hote madbrayned so they may ouershoote the slotte if the Huntesmen be any thing hastie with them ouerley them or ouereyde them and hunte change the which they cannot so lightly do in the strong couerts for there they runne directly vpon the foote of the Deare and cannot cast out neither one way nor other so redily for they feare euermore to leese the right tracke where the Harte went And therfore a

a heauie beast and of greate force trusting affying himself in his Tuskes his strength and therefore will not so lightly flee nor make chase before houndes so that you cannot by hunting of the Bore know the goodnesse or swiftnesse of thē and therewithall to confesse a truth I thinke it greate pitie to hunte with a good kenell of houndes at such chas●…●…d that for such reasons and considerations as followe First he is the only beast which can dispatch a hounde at one blow for though other beastes do bite snatch teare or rende your houndes yet there is hope of remedie if they be well attended but if a Bore do once strike your hounde and light betweene the foure quarters of him you shall hardely see him escape and therewithall this subtiltie he hath that if he be runne with a good kenell of houndes which he perceyneth holde in rounde and followe him harde he will flee into the strongest thicket that he can finde to the ende he may kill them at leysure one after another the whiche I haue seene by experience oftentimes And amongst others I sawe once a Bore chased and hunted with fiftie good houndes at the least and when he sawe that they were all in full crie and helde in rounde togethers he turned heade vpon them and thrust amiddest the thickest of them In suche sorte that he slewe sometimes fire or seuen in manner with twinklyng of an eye and of the fiftie houndes there went not twelue sounde and aliue to their Masters houses I gayne if a kennell of houndes be once vsed to hunte a Bore they will become lyther and will neuer willingly hunte fleing chases agayne For asmuche as they are by him accustomed to hunte with more ease and to find great Sent. For a Bore is a beast of a very hote Sent and that is contrarie to light fleing chases which are hunted with more payne to the hounde and yet therewith do not leaue so greate Sent. And for these causes who so euer meaneth to haue good hoūdes for an Harte Hare or Rowdeare let him not vse them to hunte the Bore but since men are of sundrie opinions and loue to hunte suche chases as lie moste commodiously aboute their dwelling places I will here describe the propertie of the Bore and how they may hunte him And the manner of killing him either with the sworde or Bore-speare as you shall also see it set out in portrayture hereafter in his place Of the nature and subtiltie of the Bore Chap. 50. THe Bore is of this nature that when his Dame dothe pigge him he hath as many teeth as euer he will haue whyles he liueth neyther will their teeth any way multiplie or encrease but onely in greatnesse and length Amongst the reste they haue foure whiche with the Frenchmen are called Defences and we call them Tuskes or Tusches whereof the two highest do not hurte when he striketh but serue onely to whet the other two lowest but with those lower Tuskes they stryke marnelously and kill oftentymes if a Bore happen to haue his eyes blemished or to hurte them daungerously he will heale agayne very soone A Bore may liue fiue and twentie or thirtie yeares it is easier to bryng them into a Soyle in Aprill or in Maye than in any other season and that is bycause they sleepe soundlyer in those two moneths than at any other tyme of the yeare for asmuch as they feede then vppon strong hearbes and buddes of trees which do so moisten their braynes that they become very sleepy Againe the spring time reneweth their bloud which maketh them sleepe the more soundly They go to Rut aboute the moneth of December and their great heate endureth neare about three weekes And although their Sowes become colde agayne and couet not the Bore yet do not the Bores parte from them vntill it be Ianuarie then they withdraw themselues vnto their holdes wherein they keepe close sometimes three or foure dayes together and neuer come out especially when they haue found●… the 〈◊〉 and do finde sweetenesse in the roote of the Fearne Sometimes a Bore will wander farre out of the Forrestes or thicke couerts to seeke feedyng especially in time of the vintage in suche Countries as wine is made and wheresoeuer they become when day appeareth there will they abyde without respect of the place It suffiseth if they finde but some tuffte of thornes or brambles and there will they lie vntill it be night agayne they harken earnestly and will heare a man very farre off especially when they be vnder the winde but if they be vp the winde heare not greatly They lyue and feede vpon all kinde of Corne and Frutes as Apples Peares Plummes Akehornes Chestnuttes Beechmaste and suche lyke and of all sortes of root●…s also vnlesse it be Rapes and Nauie rootes Also in Apryll and May they feede on the buddes of Plumtrees Chestnut trees and all other sweete buddes that they can finde especially vpon the buddes of broome and Iuniper they will feede on no carion vnlesse it be of a deade Horse they neuer become sowle or mesled as wee terme it lyke vnto our tame Swyne When they are in the marishes they feede and lyue vppon water Cresseys wilde Garlyke and suche hearbes as they can finde Beyng neare to the Sea coaste they will feede vppon all kinde of shel-fishes as Cockles Muskles Oysters and suche lyke Their season beginneth in the middest of September and endeth aboute the beginnyng of December when they go to the Rutte commonly a Bore wyll abyde the baye before he go out of his denne and they lie moste commonly in the strongest holdes of Thornes and thicke Bushes and when they are hunted they sticke also in the strongest couertes and will seldome leaue them vntill it be darke night And if it chaunee that there be a Sownder of them together then if any one breake Sownder the reste will followe the same way The Bore dothe sooner forsake the hollow Forestes to seeke strong couerts than the Harte dothe therevpon it hath bene spoken in Prouerbe that a Bore is but a gest and if a Bore be in a thicke or strong couert beyng come thyther from a hollow woode or Forrest then if you hunte him he will not fayle to go backe by the same way that he came thether and when soeuer they are once reared they flee continually neuer stay vntill they come to the place where they were farrowed and brought vp for there they thinke thēselues in sa●…egarde This haue I seene by experiēce by a Bore whiche hath come fro●… his accustomed denne to seeke feede and beyng hunted he went immediately directly backe close and rowteth not then shall you say he graseth these termes you maye vse in making report of a Bore The iudgement vvherby you may knovv a great Bore and first by the foote Chap. 52. COmmonly a man maye knowe an olde Bore or a great swyne by the foote where he hath gone

tymes the cobwebbes fall from the saye and are not suche as Spyders make but a kind of kell which as I haue seene of experience of an Hart passing by me within one hundreth paces and I haue gone to see the slotte streight wayes and before I coulde come at it the copwebbes or kelles were fallen vppon it So is there also another kynde of men whiche marke when the slotte is full of cleere water in soft groundes where an Harte hath passed and saye that he is gone long before but they neuer mark whether the ground be subiect vnto moysture or not and yet they may well knowe that being subiect vnto moysture then the little sources whyche passe by chanels vnseene in the earth will soone fyll the Slotte with cleare water whiche may cause a Huntesman to be deceiued and therfore let him looke well to it and also let hym not altogither trust vnto his hounde For some houndes will also beguyle their maister and especially those hounds that are quickest of sente whiche are not best for the mornings bicause of the ryndes and dewes and then they draw but slowly making smal accompt on theyr quest as though the game were gone farre before them but when the Sunne is well vp and that the deaw is cleared and the sent of the earth is perfect then haue they good sent and doe their dutie well Then to returne to our purpose if the Huntesman fynde of an Harte which liketh him that hath passed that way lately and if his hound sticke well vpon it then let him holde his hound short for feare least he lapyst and again in a morning a hounde shall drawe better beeing helde shorte than if he were lette at length of the Lyam And yet some Hunters will giue them all the Lyam but they doe not wel When he hath well considered what maner of Hart it may be aud hath marked euery thing to iudge by then let him draw tyll he come to the couert where he is gone to and lette him harboure him if he can still marking all his tokens as well by the Slot as by the entries foyelles and such like That done let him plashe or bruse downe small twigges some alofte and some bylowe as the arte requireth and therewithall whilest his hounde is hote let him beate the outsides and make his ryngwalkes twyce or thrice about the woode one whyle by the great and open wayes that he may helpe him self by his eye another whyle through the thicke and couert for feare least his hounde should ouershoote it for he shall haue better sent alwayes in the couert than abroad in the high wayes And if he finde that the Hart be not gone out of the ryngwalke or do doubt that he haue drawne amysse then let him goe to his markes which he plashed or shred and drawe counter till he maye take vp the fewmet as well made in the euenings reliefe as in the morning and let him marke the place where he hath fed and whereon also to marke his subtleties and craftes for thereby the huntesmen shall knowe what he will doe when he is before the houndes For if in the morning he haue made any doublings towardes the water or else in his waye then when he beginneth to be spent before the houndes all the faultes doublings or subtleties that he will vse shall be in the same places and like vnto those which he hath vsed in the morning and thereby the huntesman may take aduauntage both for his houndes and for the huntesmen on horsebacke And if it chaunce that the huntesmen finde two or three places where the Deare hath entred and as many where he hath comen out then must he marke well which entrie seemeth to be freshest and whether the places where he came forth agayne were not beaten the same night For an Harte doth oftentimes goe in and out of his harbrough in the night especially if it be a craftie olde Deare he will vse great subtleties beating one place diuers times to and fro Then if the huntesman can not finde all his goyngs out commings in nor can well tell which of them he were best to trust vnto he muste then take his compasse and ryngwalke the greater about the couert so as he may therein enclose all his subtleties entries and commings out And when he seeth that all is compassed within his ryngwalke excepting onely one comming in whereby he might be come from the springs or feedes then must he let his houndes draw hardly and if it be possible let him drawe euen to the Hartes layre or harbour for he maye well thinke that those pathes or trackes will bring him to it And in this manner huntesmen should harbour their Deare but not as many huntesmen do now adayes For if they can not quickly come to the harbour of an Harte they then will foyle the gappes so to make him harbour which is oftentimes a cause that they finde nothing in their circuites or walks And some againe do trust altogether in their hound And when they finde the Slotte of an Hart they will onely plashe or brust some bought at entrie of the thicket and then go vnder the wind and if their houndes do winde any thing then they neuer cast about but trust so vnto their houndes winding of it Such men trust more in their hounde than to their owne eyes And me thinkes a good huntesman should neuer greatly esteeme a hounde which hangeth altogether vpon windnig aloft for he neuer putteth his nose to the grounde and therefore doth oftentimes begile his maister How the huntsman should seeke in the springs or feede to finde an hart by the eye Chap. 30. THe Huntesman ought to looke ouer night in what coaste the Deare go to feede and if it be in a spring then let him mark which way he may best come in the morning vpō a cleare wind And also let him chose some standing in some tree on the border of the spring from the which he may behold eassly all things that feed therin In the morning let him rise two houres before day and go to the couert and when he is come neare to the Deares harbroughes he should leaue his hound in some house or if he haue a boye with him he may leaue his hounde with the boye and place him somewhere that he may quickly finde him againe if he haue neede of him then let him go to his tree whiche he marked ouer night and let him get vp into it lookyng into the spring and if he espie an Harte whiche like him then lette him marke what head he beareth and let him not sturre from thence vntill he see him go to herbrough Afterwardes when he seeth that he is in the thicke he must marke the place whereaboutes he entred by some little pretie tree or suche like thing that beyng done he shall come downe and go fetche his hounde but here he shall marke one secrete that he go not aboute to

that if you leese an Hare at any time let the huntesmen yet remember and marke whiche pathes she bette and what way she coasted for another time if you finde the same Hare she will doubtlesse keepe the same places and make the like doublings crossings c. And by that meanes you shall preuent hir subtletie and much help the hounds in knowing which way she will bend I haue seene a Hare so craftie that as soone as she heard the sounde of an horne she woulde ryse out of hir forme yea had she beene formed a quarter of a myle dystant from the huntesman that blewe and woulde streyght wayes goe swymm●… in some poole and abyde in the middest thereof vpon some rushbed before the houndes came at hir or hunted hir at all But at the last I discouered hir subtleties for I went close alongest by the poole to see what might become of hir and vncoupled my houndes there aboutes where I suspected she should be and as soone as euer she hearde the horne she starte and leapt before my face into the poole and 〈◊〉 to another bed in the midst thereof and neyther with stone nor clodde that I coulde throwe at hir woulde she ryse nor styrre vntyll I was fayne to stryppe off my clothes and swymme to hir yea and she taryed me almoste vntyll I layde my hande vppon hir before shee woulde styrre But at the last she 〈◊〉 out and came by the houndes and stoode vppe afterwardes three houres before we coulde kill hir swymming and vsing all hir crossing and subtleties in the water I haue also seene an Hare runne and stande vp two houres before a kennell of houndes and then she hath started and raysed an other freshe Hare out of hir forme and set hir selfe downe therein I haue seene other agayne swymme ouer two or three waters the least whereof hath beene fourescore Taylers yardes ouer I haue seene some agayne which●… being runne well by the space of two houres or more hath crepte vnder the dore of a Sheepecote and hyd hir selfe amongst the sheepe And I haue seene Hares oftentimes runne into a flocke of sheepe in the fielde when they were hunted and woulde n●…er leaue the flocke vntill I was forced to couple vp my houndes and folde vp the sheepe or sometimes driue them to the Cote and then the Hare would forsake them and I vncoupled my houndes at hir agayne and kylled hir I haue seene that woulde take the grounde like a Coney whiche is called goyng to the vault when they haue bene hunted I haue seene a Hare goe vp by one side of an hedge and come downe by that other side in suche sort that there was no more but the thicknesse of the hedge betweene them I haue seene an Hare being sore runne get vp vppon an olde wall sixe foote heigth from the grounde and squat or hyde hir selfe in the hole that was made for a Scaffolde I haue seene some swymme ouer a brooke eyght yardes broade more than twentie times within the length of an hundreth paces and that in my sighte For these causes the huntesman must be warye and circumspect in hunting of the Hare For a hounde whiche is a perfect good Haryer may be bolde to hunte any chace for the Hare is the verie proper beaste to enter houndes well and to make them tender nosed But afterwardes when you woulde make your houndes to the Harte they will quickly forsake the Hare bycause the venyson of an Harte is mu●… more delicate and deyntie than the Hares is and houndes do much●… more desire it bycause the Harte is also of greater sent than the Hare An Hare lyueth not aboue seuen yeares at the moste especially the Bucke They are of this propertie that if there be a Bucke and a female which keepe one quarter commonly together they will neuer suffer any strange Hare to syt by them nor to abyde neare them unlesse it be their owne yong ones And therefore hath it beene an olde saying that the more you hunt the more Hares you shall haue bycause when an Hare is killed there will soone come other from some other quarter Howe to enter yong hounds to the Hare Chap. 60. FIrst in hunting of the Hare I woulde not haue you to haue aboue two or three huntesmen at the moste whereof one shall take charge to rate and beate on such hounds as bide plodding behinde and the other shall make them seeke and call about For if there be many huntesmen they shall f●…yle the traces and footing of the Hare or at the ●…ast will amaze the hounds with the varietie of their voyces when they are at default For an Hare maketh sometimes so many doubles crossings c. that an hounde can not well tell where he is nor which way to make it out nor will doe any thing else in maner but holde vp their heades and looke to the huntesmen for helpe and comfort Then let the huntesman cast about a compasse where they came firste at defaulte and encourage them the whiche he can not so well doe if the other huntsmen haue beaten and foyled the trace with their feete or the feete of their horses And he whiche hunteth formost should carie with him a good bigge wallet of lynnen cloth full of deyntie morsels to giue his houndes to the ende that they may knowehim For aboue all things it is meete that an hound should knowe his maister and hun●…sman his voyce and his horne and then when it commeth to the hallowe they will sooner come in to his voyce than to an other mans and will leau●… all others to come vnto him therefore he shoulde neuer hallowe them amysse nor without good cause And if he would haue his houndes come in to him to make them goe into some groue or couert let him hallowe thus crying Heere hav●… heere haw haw And when the houndes are come in to him let him seeke some fayre muse or gappe to passe in at and there let him cast a cruste of breade or somewhat to make them go in the more willingly crying Couert couert hyke in hyke c. Here I will discouer vnto you two secretes Whereof that one is that he which hath a kennell of yong houndes to enter he must marke well the countrey where he will make them their fyrste quarrey and wher●…of he will make it For according to the places where they shall be entered at the beginning and according to the quarrey which you shall giue them they will always afterwards proue And therfore if at the first whē you enter yong hounds you accustome them to be vncoupled in the plaine champayne and that they hunt there an Hare to the forme and starte hir they will remember it all their life after And then when so euer you vncouple them in a couert they will make no great hast to hunte there but will seeke to hunte out into the playnes and suche places as they haue beene accustomed ●…o in hunting of