england_n and_o curland_n or_o the_o port_n of_o the_o city_n of_o dantzic_n war._n moreover_o for_o the_o acknowledgement_n that_o the_o say_a duke_n of_o curland_n do_v hold_v and_o enjoy_v the_o say_a island_n of_o tobago_n from_o and_o under_o his_o say_a majesty_n it_o be_v further_o provide_v and_o agree_v that_o when_o and_o as_o often_o as_o the_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n his_o heir_n or_o successor_n shall_v so_o require_v it_o or_o when_o he_o or_o they_o be_v engage_v in_o a_o war_n against_o another_o king_n prince_n or_o state_n except_o only_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n the_o duke_n of_o curland_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n at_o their_o own_o proper_a cost_v and_o charge_n from_o time_n to_o time_n shall_v bring_v or_o cause_n to_o be_v bring_v one_o good_a man_n of_o war_n furnish_v with_o 40_o great_a iron_n gun_n to_o such_o port_n station_n or_o place_n which_o his_o say_a majesty_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n shall_v name_n into_o which_o ship_n his_o majesty_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n shall_v put_v commander_n and_o seaman_n and_o supply_v they_o with_o food_n and_o wage_n under_o the_o conduct_n and_o at_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o say_a king_n so_o long_o as_o the_o say_a ship_n shall_v abide_v in_o his_o or_o their_o service_n which_o at_o one_o time_n shall_v never_o exceed_v the_o limit_n of_o a_o year_n for_o the_o testimony_n and_o undoubted_a confirmation_n whereof_o the_o abovesaid_a party_n namely_o the_o most_o serene_a and_o most_o potent_a king_n of_o great_a britain_n and_o the_o most_o illustrious_a duke_n of_o curland_n have_v set_v their_o hand_n interchangeable_o to_o the_o mutual_a agreement_n contain_v and_o explain_v in_o these_o present_n and_o moreover_o have_v apply_v their_o great_a seal_n for_o the_o establishment_n thereof_o effect_n hereupon_o at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o curland_n minister_n his_o majesty_n king_n charles_n ii_o scent_n a_o letter_n to_o the_o states-general_n to_o acquaint_v they_o with_o this_o his_o grant_n and_o to_o recommend_v to_o their_o consideration_n the_o just_a pretension_n of_o the_o say_a duke_n to_o this_o island_n but_o notwithstanding_o the_o state_n incline_v to_o favour_v the_o lambson_n interest_n who_o have_v the_o impudence_n to_o call_v this_o a_o sham-grant_a affirm_v that_o his_o majesty_n can_v not_o give_v that_o which_o be_v none_o of_o he_o to_o dispose_v of_o the_o say_v royal_a letter_n have_v little_a or_o no_o effect_n till_o it_o happen_v that_o count_n d'_fw-fr etree_n the_o french_a admiral_n take_v the_o island_n and_o make_v there_o a_o miserable_a slaughter_n and_o extirpation_n of_o the_o dutch_a but_o who_o think_v fit_a to_o quit_v the_o possession_n of_o it_o soon_o after_o king_n notwithstanding_o several_a of_o the_o french_a gentry_n and_o merchant_n have_v a_o prospect_n of_o benefit_n before_o their_o eye_n afterward_o solicit_v their_o king_n to_o grant_v the_o say_v conquer_a island_n to_o they_o but_o which_o he_o generous_o refuse_v declare_v that_o it_o belong_v to_o a_o neutral_a prince_n who_o do_v no_o body_n any_o harm_n charles_n hereupon_o the_o duke_n without_o further_a loss_n of_o time_n prepare_v to_o send_v ship_n to_o take_v possession_n of_o his_o right_n and_o upon_o his_o request_n king_n charles_n be_v please_v to_o favour_v he_o with_o his_o second_o royal_a letter_n to_o the_o government_n of_o barbadoes_n direct_v to_o the_o then_o governor_n sir_n jonathan_n atkins_n and_o date_v the_o 19_o of_o january_n 1680_o whereby_o that_o governor_n be_v order_v not_o only_o to_o permit_v and_o suffer_v the_o commander_n and_o officer_n of_o the_o say_a ship_n to_o provide_v and_o furnish_v themselves_o with_o what_o they_o may_v stand_v in_o need_n of_o but_o likewise_o to_o be_v aid_v and_o assist_v to_o they_o with_o his_o authority_n wherever_o there_o shall_v be_v find_v occasion_n intercept_v the_o like_a letter_n be_v some_o time_n before_o dispatch_v from_o king_n charles_n to_o the_o say_a government_n by_o one_o of_o the_o duke_n ship_n call_v the_o flowerpot_n but_o which_o together_o with_o the_o ship_n be_v betray_v to_o the_o pirate_n of_o algiers_n by_o one_o captain_n nagel_n the_o commander_n governor_n upon_o the_o governor_n of_o berbadoes_n receipt_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a royal_a letter_n the_o duke_n be_v encourage_v to_o send_v a_o governor_n to_o tobago_n and_o soon_o after_o several_a other_o from_o time_n to_o time_n to_o keep_v possession_n thereof_o till_o by_o assistance_n of_o the_o english_a he_o may_v be_v able_a to_o establish_v a_o colony_n there_o captain_n in_o 1681_o the_o duke_n enter_v into_o a_o contract_n with_o captain_n pointz_n grant_v 120000_o acre_n of_o the_o say_a island_n to_o he_o and_o company_n upon_o very_o advantageous_a term_n tobago_n this_o island_n lie_v very_o commodious_o among_o the_o caribbee_n or_o antilles_n have_v many_o excellent_a havens_n and_o rivers_n and_o afford_v divers_a good_a product_n and_o will_v be_v of_o very_o dangerous_a consequence_n to_o the_o english_a either_o in_o french_a or_o dutch_a hand_n for_o hand_n first_o when_o in_o the_o year_n 1664_o 1665_o and_o 1666_o it_o be_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o dutch_a they_o take_v in_o the_o war_n several_a hundred_o sail_n of_o ship_n belong_v to_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n either_o go_v or_o come_v from_o the_o plantation_n and_o bring_v they_o to_o tobago_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a be_v it_o in_o the_o english_a hand_n under_o the_o duke_n of_o curland_n their_o allegiance_n will_v prevent_v for_o the_o future_a the_o like_a damage_n second_o in_o the_o say_a war_n both_o french_a and_o dutch_a make_v up_o their_o fleet_n at_o the_o say_a island_n and_o take_v and_o plunder_v st._n christopher_n mountserat_fw-la antegoa_n berbudas_n etc._n etc._n to_o the_o great_a damage_n of_o the_o english_a three_o king_n charles_n be_v at_o excessive_a charge_n in_o fit_v out_o a_o fleet_n to_o preserve_v mevis_n from_o be_v take_v by_o the_o dutch_a in_o the_o say_a war_n and_o four_o the_o say_a island_n be_v accommodate_v with_o harbour_n and_o road_n beyond_o any_o other_o of_o the_o caribbee_n may_v probable_o shelter_v enemy_n to_o the_o english_a crown_n when_o if_o it_o be_v in_o their_o hand_n that_o inconveniency_n will_v be_v prevent_v call_v much_o more_o may_v be_v add_v concern_v this_o island_n but_o for_o brevity_n sake_n it_o be_v omit_v only_o i_o may_v take_v notice_n that_o a_o french_a geographer_n suppose_v that_o either_o tobacco_n have_v take_v its_o name_n from_o this_o island_n or_o this_o island_n have_v be_v so_o call_v from_o that_o weed_n issue_n this_o duke_n james_n upon_o his_o succeed_v his_o father_n in_o the_o duchy_n of_o curland_n be_v marry_v to_o chariotte_n the_o daughter_n of_o george_n william_n elector_n of_o brandenburg_n the_o last_o elector_n frederic_n william_n sister_n who_o die_v in_o 1676_o by_o who_o he_o have_v the_o late_a duke_n frederic_n casimir_n prince_n ferdinand_n lieutenant-general_n in_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburgh_n army_n and_o prince_n alexander_n who_o be_v wound_v by_o a_o cannon-ball_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o buda_n and_o who_o die_v in_o his_o way_n to_o vienna_n and_o three_o princess_n whereof_o lovis_n elizabeth_n marry_v frederic_n landtgrave_n of_o hesse_n of_o the_o line_n of_o hambourg_n marry_o amalia_n marry_v may_n 21_o 1673_o charles_n landtgrave_n of_o hesse_n of_o the_o line_n of_o cassel_n and_o the_o three_o charlotte_n live_v still_o unmarried_a in_o the_o king_n of_o sueden_n court._n duke_n james_n be_v succeed_v by_o his_o elder_a son_n 1683._o frederic_n casimir_n but_o now_o late_o decease_v who_o while_o he_o be_v prince_n serve_v under_o our_o present_a king_n in_o holland_n in_o the_o first_o french_a war_n bring_v several_a regiment_n of_o horse_n and_o dragoon_n along_o with_o he_o and_o there_o marry_v princess_n sophia_n amalia_n of_o nassau-siegen_n who_o die_v in_o childbed_n on_o the_o 25_o of_o december_n 1688_o by_o this_o duchess_n he_o have_v three_o princess_n alive_a he_o be_v a_o second_o time_n marry_v at_o berlin_n in_o the_o year_n 1691_o to_o the_o princess_n elizabeth_n sophia_n the_o present_a elector_n of_o brandenburgh_n sister_n by_o who_o he_o have_v two_o or_o more_o son_n this_o duke_n die_v at_o mittaw_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o february_n 1698_o and_o be_v succeed_v by_o his_o elder_a son_n 1698._o frederic_n casimir_n ii_o the_o present_a duke_n be_v a_o child_n not_o above_o six_o year_n of_o age._n poland_n the_o duke_n of_o curland_n be_v vassal_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o the_o elector_n be_v to_o the_o emperor_n for_o when_o any_o new_a king_n be_v elect_v there_o this_o duke_n be_v oblige_v to_o send_v his_o envoy_n to_o receive_v investiture_n by_o have_v a_o standard_n deliver_v with_o the_o arm_n of_o poland_n on_o one_o side_n
same_o either_o by_o himself_o or_o his_o general_n can_v regulate_v his_o troop_n and_o see_v his_o army_n due_o pay_v out_o of_o the_o treasury_n of_o the_o republic_n he_o have_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o reason_n to_o hope_v for_o success_n in_o his_o expedition_n because_o that_o not_o have_v undertake_v they_o on_o his_o own_o account_n those_o that_o engage_v he_o to_o they_o will_v infallible_o support_v he_o in_o they_o and_o the_o rather_o by_o reason_n that_o what_o be_v do_v be_v altogether_o with_o their_o consent_n this_o have_v prove_v the_o cause_n of_o almost_o neverfailing_a success_n to_o the_o polish_v arm_n till_o of_o late_a day_n the_o king_n and_o his_o subject_n not_o have_v be_v in_o so_o good_a intelligence_n with_o each_o other_o as_o former_o home_o when_o the_o king_n be_v in_o the_o army_n in_o person_n he_o have_v the_o supreme_a authority_n there_o gives_z battle_n when_o he_o please_v and_o besieges_n town_n as_o often_o as_o he_o think_v fit_a and_o likewise_o command_v absolute_o all_o the_o gentry_n to_o follow_v he_o into_o the_o field_n on_o horseback_n at_o ever_o so_o little_a warning_n at_o home_o he_o have_v the_o free_a nomination_n of_o all_o ecclesiastical_a benefice_n and_o of_o all_o secular_a employment_n as_o well_o military_a as_o civil_a throughout_o the_o whole_a extent_n of_o his_o dominion_n without_o speak_v of_o a_o great_a number_n of_o royal_a demesne_n which_o together_o with_o the_o state-dignity_n he_o confer_v on_o those_o that_o have_v deserve_v they_o he_o can_v bestow_v as_o considerable_a preferment_n as_o any_o prince_n in_o europe_n and_o oblige_v and_o raise_v the_o fortune_n of_o who_o he_o please_v he_o have_v his_o vote_n in_o name_v cardinal_n as_o well_o as_o other_o roman_n catholic_n king_n have_v he_o can_v send_v and_o receive_v ambassador_n private_o in_o matter_n relate_v only_o to_o himself_o but_o as_o to_o what_o concern_v the_o republic_n the_o senate_n must_v have_v their_o share_n in_o it_o he_o can_v call_v prorogue_v and_o dissolve_v the_o diet_n at_o pleasure_n in_o a_o word_n the_o pole_n term_v he_o the_o protector_n of_o their_o law_n and_o privilege_n the_o distributor_n of_o honour_n the_o supreme_a head_n of_o their_o republic_n and_o supreme_a general_n of_o their_o force_n he_o the_o pole_n attend_v his_o person_n uncover_v the_o chief_a senator_n general_o serve_v he_o at_o table_n first_o taste_v of_o the_o cup_n before_o they_o present_v he_o with_o it_o his_o subject_n never_o sit_v before_o he_o nor_o cover_v their_o head_n any_o where_o but_o in_o the_o diet_n and_o there_o too_o the_o senator_n be_v only_o allow_v that_o liberty_n for_o the_o deputy_n stand_v behind_o with_o their_o fur_v cap_n in_o their_o hand_n the_o late_a king_n john_n sobieski_n dine_v always_o in_o public_a and_o i_o never_o see_v any_o sit_v down_o with_o he_o at_o table_n when_o he_o eat_v at_o court_n except_o the_o queen_n his_o child_n and_o foreign_a minister_n yet_o when_o he_o either_o hunt_v or_o travel_v i_o have_v know_v some_o private_a gentleman_n to_o have_v have_v that_o honour_n nay_o even_o his_o own_o servant_n that_o wait_v on_o he_o be_v then_o admit_v to_o eat_v with_o he_o this_o his_o majesty_n know_v be_v absolute_o necessary_a for_o he_o to_o allow_v of_o since_o by_o refuse_v any_o this_o favour_n he_o may_v incur_v the_o displeasure_n and_o hatred_n of_o the_o whole_a noblesse_n this_o be_v verify_v in_o the_o case_n of_o sigismond_n of_o luxembourg_n who_o for_o have_v refuse_v the_o polish_v gentry_n to_o eat_v with_o he_o be_v utter_o exclude_v from_o the_o crown_n that_o have_v be_v design_v he_o by_o lewis_n king_n of_o hungary_n and_o poland_n his_o father_n in_o law_n prerogative_n the_o pole_n when_o they_o speak_v to_o their_o king_n call_v he_o mosci_fw-la krullo_n or_o milociwy_a krullo_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v great_a or_o merciful_a king_n the_o title_n ambassador_n give_v he_o or_o which_o be_v common_o make_v use_n of_o in_o act_n of_o parliament_n or_o other_o instrument_n sign_v by_o he_o and_o make_v in_o his_o name_n be_v these_o frederic_n augustus_n ii_o king_n of_o poland_n great_a duke_n of_o lithuania_n duke_n of_o russia_n prussia_n masovia_n samogitia_n kiovia_n volhynia_n podolia_n podlachia_n livonia_n smolensko_n severia_n and_o czernikovia_n all_o sort_n of_o gold_n silver_n or_o brass_n coin_n be_v stamp_v with_o his_o image_n and_o name_n all_o justice_n be_v administer_v in_o his_o name_n and_o at_o church_n they_o always_o pray_v for_o the_o king_n and_o royal_a family_n guard_n when_o he_o be_v crown_v the_o diet_n allow_v he_o a_o pension_n of_o about_o 140000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la which_o together_o with_o his_o patrimonial_a estate_n maintain_v he_o a_o very_a splendid_a court_n he_o have_v his_o polish_v german_n and_o hungarian_a guard_n and_o have_v the_o same_o officer_n of_o his_o household_n as_o other_o maintain_v king_n have_v while_o the_o queen-dowager_n live_v the_o queen-consort_n maintain_v her_o court_n at_o the_o king_n charge_n but_o after_o either_o the_o queen-dowagers_a death_n or_o marriage_n or_o the_o king_n death_n she_o have_v a_o revenue_n assign_v for_o that_o purpose_n as_o will_v appear_v hereafter_o perquisites_n over_o and_o above_o the_o pension_n which_o the_o diet_n settle_v upon_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n which_o in_o that_o cheap_a country_n serve_v to_o maintain_v they_o as_o high_a as_o our_o king_n live_v here_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n have_v great_a income_n of_o his_o own_o for_o the_o pole_n never_o care_v to_o elect_a a_o poor_a prince_n for_o fear_v his_o child_n may_v come_v to_o be_v a_o charge_n to_o they_o after_o his_o death_n he_o get_v beside_o vast_a sum_n of_o money_n for_o nomination_n employment_n of_o which_o the_o late_a king_n do_v not_o scruple_n to_o sell_v though_o it_o be_v direct_o contrary_a to_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n nay_o the_o ecclesiastical_a benefice_n which_o be_v so_o very_o considerable_a have_v be_v put_v under_o contribution_n by_o some_o cunning_a artifice_n or_o other_o as_o happen_v some_o year_n since_o about_o the_o name_v of_o a_o bishop_n of_o cracow_n who_o bishopric_n be_v worth_a eight_o thousand_o pound_n sterling_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la which_o will_v go_v further_o than_o twenty_o thousand_o pound_n in_o england_n there_o be_v several_a that_o aspire_v a_o long_a while_n to_o this_o vacant_a dignity_n and_o every_o one_o solicit_v what_o friend_n he_o have_v at_o court_n for_o the_o obtain_n of_o it_o but_o most_o apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o queen_n and_o beg_v of_o she_o though_o she_o have_v no_o authority_n of_o her_o own_o to_o intercede_v to_o the_o king_n in_o their_o behalf_n after_o a_o long_o debate_v the_o queen_n call_v the_o abbot_n malakowski_n aside_o who_o be_v one_o of_o the_o competitor_n and_o a_o rich_a man_n and_o tell_v he_o that_o though_o there_o be_v several_a that_o aim_v at_o that_o bishopric_n yet_o she_o will_v wager_n fifty_o thousand_o crown_n that_o he_o be_v prefer_v to_o they_o all_o whereupon_o the_o good_a abbot_n think_v to_o venture_v nothing_o be_v sure_a that_o either_o he_o shall_v be_v bishop_n or_o shall_v gain_v a_o considerable_a sum_n ready_o lay_v down_o the_o money_n and_o by_o way_n of_o a_o accidental_a bargain_n buy_v very_o dear_a his_o bishopric_n riches_n it_o have_v be_v calculate_v that_o the_o late_a king_n what_o by_o his_o own_o income_n pension_n allow_v he_o from_o the_o crown_n and_o other_o casualty_n be_v worth_a about_o three_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n sterling_a a_o year_n of_o which_o he_o do_v not_o spend_v much_o above_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o have_v have_v no_o soldier_n nor_o army_n to_o pay_v or_o maintain_v but_o only_o his_o guard_n and_o his_o court._n he_o hoard_v up_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o money_n in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o be_v repute_v to_o have_v have_v as_o much_o ready_a cash_n by_o he_o as_o any_o prince_n in_o europe_n all_o which_o nevertheless_o the_o pole_n vow_v they_o will_v have_v back_o again_o when_o his_o son_n buy_v their_o vote_n to_o be_v king_n revenue_n the_o king_n crown-revenue_n be_v impost_n upon_o merchandize_n and_o upon_o the_o jew_n part_n of_o the_o custom_n of_o dantzick_n and_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o salt_n mine_n of_o cracow_n and_o other_o place_n revenue_n the_o queen_n revenue_n consist_v either_o in_o a_o gift_n from_o the_o king_n her_o husband_n out_o of_o the_o royal_a revenue_n with_o consent_n of_o the_o state_n or_o in_o a_o annual_a pension_n allow_v she_o by_o the_o republic_n the_o gift_n from_o her_o husband_n serve_v also_o for_o her_o dower_n and_o be_v call_v by_o the_o pole_n what_o amount_v to_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n reformation_n be_v the_o reversion_n only_o of_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o
must_v always_o flourish_v for_o several_a reason_n 111._o guard_n horse_n 29._o chief_a commander_n of_o guard_n in_o the_o camp_n 79._o captain_n of_o the_o guard_n against_o the_o incursion_n 76._o gnesna_n archbishop_n of_o vide_fw-la primate_n genius_n of_o polish_v government_n to_o what_o bent_n 31._o general_n great_a power_n and_o authority_n 74._o duty_n 75._o present_v great_a general_n ibid._n dignity_n successive_a ibid._n their_o power_n and_o duration_n 29_o etc._n etc._n *_o general_n lieutenant_n their_o office_n 75._o title_n and_o power_n 30_o etc._n etc._n *_o other_o general-officer_n 31_o *_o governor_n of_o mine_n 78._o of_o the_o mint_n ibid._n gun_n founder_n foreign_a 28_o *_o glass_n polish_v manner_n of_o make_v it_o 88_o *_o garden_n and_o orchard_n seldom_o any_o in_o poland_n 199._o h._n head-collector_n of_o a_o district_n 79._o high-podolia_a vide_fw-la in_o p._n house_n in_o poland_n their_o description_n 198._o furniture_n 199._o house_n of_o the_o rustic_n in_o lithuania_n 197._o habitation_n and_o furniture_n of_o the_o peasant_n in_o prussia_n 234._o horse_n why_o little_a in_o lithuania_n 229_o etc._n etc._n hair_n canular_a 96_o *_o i._o jew_n in_o poland_n enjoy_v their_o religion_n and_o privilege_n 49._o restrain_v from_o trading_n ib._n their_o number_n ibid._n idolater_n where_o to_o be_v find_v 50._o retain_v superstition_n ib._n example_n ib._n judge_n and_o assistant_n of_o a_o district_n 78._o jurisdiction_n military_a whole_o in_o the_o king_n be_v or_o his_o general_n be_v hand_n 121._o palatine_n and_o castellan_n likewise_o exercise_v their_o authority_n ib._n inn_n how_o call_v in_o polish_v 219._o have_v few_o conveniency_n 220._o jâ—â—_n belli_n polish_v some_o few_o particular_n thereof_o 32_o *_o k._n king_n of_o poland_n former_a power_n 2._o advantage_n thereby_o 3._o abridge_v by_o the_o gentry_n 4._o king_n happiness_n 11._o unhappiness_n ib._n etc._n etc._n modern_a power_n 13._o abroad_o and_o at_o home_n 14._o what_o his_o subject_n term_v he_o ib._n great_a respect_n pay_v he_o ib._n etc._n etc._n his_o title_n and_o prerogative_n 15_o etc._n etc._n pension_n household-officer_n and_o guard_n 16._o patrimonial_a estate_n and_o perquisites_n ib._n late_o his_o riches_n 17._o power_n limit_v in_o divers_a respect_n 19_o etc._n etc._n other_o limitation_n 21._o inconvenience_n thereby_o ib._n occasion_n of_o respect_n 22._o city_n present_v their_o key_n 23._o why_o he_o can_v make_v no_o levy_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o diet_n ib._n must_v not_o go_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n 24._o his_o legitimate_a issue_n much_o respect_v ib._n title_n of_o his_o elder_a and_o other_o son_n and_o daughter_n ib._n how_o lose_v 25._o example_n of_o the_o pole_n affection_n to_o the_o royal_a family_n ib._n illegitimate_a issue_n slight_v 26._o impossible_a to_o reduce_v his_o subject_n to_o a_o arbitrary_a power_n ib._n etc._n etc._n king_n not_o unhappy_a because_o not_o able_a to_o secure_v succession_n to_o his_o family_n 28._o his_o interest_n to_o head_n his_o army_n 75._o where_o the_o king_n suspend_v his_o opinion_n 97._o ought_v not_o to_o be_v present_a at_o trial_n for_o treason_n 99_o have_v no_o regal_a authority_n till_o crown_v 153._o go_v to_o receive_v homage_n and_o knight_n citizen_n 161_o etc._n etc._n be_v proclaim_v 162_o etc._n etc._n what_o follow_v 163._o his_o power_n and_o revenue_n in_o dantzic_n 48_o *_o kiovia_n bishopric_n of_o honorary_a 45._o kiovia_n palatinate_n of_o honorary_a 56._o l._n leopol_n city_n whence_o so_o name_v 40._o be_v the_o residence_n of_o three_o bishop_n ib._n luceoria_fw-la bishop_n of_o his_o diocese_n 44._o lutheran_n abundance_n in_o poland_n 48._o tolerate_v and_o protect_v ib._n name_n in_o polish_v ib._n how_o the_o prussian_n become_v so_o ib._n lay-senator_n their_o division_n and_o sub-division_n 54._o law_n what_o require_v to_o establish_v they_o 97_o where_o can_v be_v print_v 98._o their_o origin_n progress_n and_o present_a state_n 121._o lawdifference_n decide_v by_o the_o sword_n 179._o example_n 180._o lawyer_n their_o number_n and_o study_v 79_o etc._n etc._n *_o who_o seldom_o go_v to_o law_n 80_o *_o suppose_a judgement_n on_o a_o lawyer_n ib._n *_n lend_v and_o borrow_v in_o poland_n the_o manner_n of_o 195._o lithuania_n particular_n relate_v thereunto_o 224._o learn_v former_a 75_o *_o what_o discourage_v learning_n 81_o *_o language_n oriental_n disregard_v 76_o *_o present_v in_o poland_n ib._n etc._n etc._n *_o hard_o to_o pronounce_v 77_o *_o latin_a reason_n why_o the_o pole_n affect_v to_o speak_v it_o 77_o *_o livonia_n its_o first_o bishop_n 100_o *_o livonian_a order_n it_o be_v several_a master_n from_o 101_o to_o 105_o *_o residence_n of_o the_o order_n 105_o *_o addition_n concern_v this_o order_n 117_o *_o m._n marienburg_n pal._n a_o city_n of_o former_o seat_n of_o teutonic_n knight_n 58._o build_v 55_o *_o marshal_n great_a of_o poland_n his_o office_n power_n and_o authority_n 69._o duty_n and_o privilege_n ibid._n his_o perquisites_n ibid._n etc._n etc._n who_o officiate_n in_o his_o absence_n 70._o marshal_n great_a of_o lithuania_n his_o office_n 70._o marshal_n little_a contend_v for_o precedence_n 73._o mine_n their_o officer_n call_v zuppars_n 80._o meeting_n general_n of_o senator_n and_o deputy_n 90._o member_n of_o the_o diet_n how_o habit_v 103._o not_o to_o give_v reason_n for_o dissent_n to_o any_o bill_n 106._o magistrate_n and_o officer_n of_o plebeian_n court_v 120._o their_o profit_n 121._o marriage_n description_n and_o duration_n 203._o court-marriage_n 204._o custom_n thereat_o ib._n present_v make_v the_o bride_n 205._o espousal_n and_o ceremony_n ib._n etc._n etc._n who_o can_v be_v marry_v without_o dispensation_n 206._o qualification_n for_o marriage_n among_o the_o peasant_n 230._o mourn_v the_o manner_n in_o poland_n 208._o money_n little_o in_o poland_n and_o how_o occasion_v 36_o *_o what_o coin_v most_o current_a there_o ibid._n etc._n etc._n *_o contribute_v to_o poverty_n 37_o *_o other_o coin_n ib._n etc._n etc._n *_o first_o coin_n in_o prussia_n 49_o *_o present_v in_o dantzic_n ib._n etc._n etc._n *_o mittaw_fw-mi city_n of_o curland_n it_o be_v castle_n street_n and_o house_n 120_o *_o how_o often_o conquer_v and_o regain_v 120_o *_o calvinist-church_n there_o 121_o *_o n._n nunioes_n vide_fw-la deputy_n nobility_n vide_fw-la gentry_n notary_n chief_a 77._o notary_n camp_n 76._o nuncio-marshal_n vide_fw-la speaker_n naturalisation_n and_o manner_n of_o make_v noble_a 100_o how_o far_o qualify_v thereby_o ibid._n etc._n etc._n nobility_n how_o acquire_v 188._o a_o three_o way_n of_o become_v noble_a 189._o way_n of_o forfeit_v nobility_n ib._n where_o restore_v ib._n name_n polish_v what_o former_o and_o now_o 203._o o._n officer_n crown_n and_o court_n 28._o court_n in_o lithuania_n 29._o in_o several_a province_n ib._n etc._n etc._n some_o rather_o honorary_a than_o beneficial_a 30._o ten_o crown-officer_n where_o place_v in_o the_o diet_n 68_o who_o they_o be_v ibid._n those_o of_o the_o kingdom_n precede_v ib._n extra-senatorial_a officer_n 74._o great_a officer_n in_o the_o army_n 76._o of_o district_n 78._o some_o why_o so_o call_v 79._o military_a officer_n of_o district_n ib._n office_n by_o who_o plurality_n can_v be_v hold_v 67._o exception_n ib._n order_n of_o knighthood_n institute_v in_o poland_n but_o undervalue_v 179_o etc._n etc._n vide_fw-la teutonic_n order_n p._n poland_n undergo_v several_a change_n 2._o how_o expose_v to_o inconvenience_n 12._o physic_n practise_v in_o poland_n 89_o *_o medicine_n use_v ib._n *_n what_o disease_n 91_o *_o venereal_a how_o cure_v by_o a_o quack_n 90_o *_o odd_a method_n of_o cure_v wound_n 88_o *_o surprise_v particular_n 91._o *_o plica_fw-la disease_n its_o description_n ibid._n etc._n etc._n *_o unaccountableness_n and_o symptom_n 92_o *_o say_a to_o be_v contagious_a and_o hereditary_a 93_o *_o common_a to_o man_n and_o beast_n ibid._n *_o superstition_n concern_v it_o ibid._n etc._n etc._n *_o where_o most_o common_a and_o how_o cure_v by_o a_o jew_n 94_o *_o cause_n assert_v but_o question_v ibid._n etc._n etc._n *_o another_o account_n of_o the_o plica_fw-la 95_o etc._n etc._n *_o pole_n their_o division_n 4._o love_n for_o their_o king_n 12._o to_o extravagance_n 13._o behaviour_n at_o church_n 53._o their_o good_a temper_n and_o its_o effect_n 181._o how_o occasion_v 182._o their_o character_n 189._o complexion_n constitution_n etc._n etc._n 191._o their_o manner_n ibid._n further_n character_n 192._o education_n and_o learning_n ibid._n to_o what_o they_o general_o apply_v themselves_o 193._o worst_a part_n of_o their_o character_n ibid._n etc._n etc._n genius_n how_o incline_v 194._o greedy_n of_o money_n 195._o love_n to_o make_v a_o show_n ibid._n their_o great_a extravagance_n 198._o great_a admirer_n of_o show_n 200._o how_o attend_v ib._n not_o very_o rich_a and_o why_o 38_o *_o primate_n his_o court-officer_n as_o inter-rex_a and_o archbishop_n 30._o what_o peculiar_a to_o he_o 31
to_o give_v any_o reason_n for_o his_o say_a refusal_n but_o be_v only_o to_o say_v after_o their_o usual_a manner_n nie_n pos_fw-la volam_fw-la it_o be_v not_o my_o pleasure_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v so_o whereupon_o he_o immediate_o withdraw_v from_o out_o of_o the_o diet_n and_o most_o common_o retire_v into_o the_o country_n for_o fear_n of_o be_v either_o kill_v or_o abuse_v as_o it_o often_o happen_v such_o people_n be_v by_o some_o desperate_a member_n of_o the_o diet._n diet._n thns_n sir_n you_o may_v plain_o perceive_v how_o easy_a a_o matter_n it_o be_v for_o any_o foreign_a prince_n to_o interrupt_v all_o the_o project_n of_o this_o diet_n if_o they_o seem_v in_o any_o wise_a to_o move_v against_o his_o interest_n if_o poland_n be_v in_o peace_n and_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o declare_v war_n against_o any_o nation_n contrary_a to_o the_o french_a interest_n the_o french_a pistole_n can_v easy_o find_v some_o senator_n or_o deputy_n to_o oppose_v this_o design_n or_o if_o by_o the_o heat_n and_o resolution_n of_o some_o great_a man_n war_n be_v denounce_v the_o french_a king_n can_v never_o fail_v of_o somebody_o to_o break_v their_o way_n and_o mean_n of_o raise_v money_n to_o carry_v it_o on_o as_o he_o effectual_o do_v in_o the_o war_n the_o late_a king_n have_v against_o the_o turk_n and_o tartar_n then_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o the_o pole_n be_v actual_o in_o war_n with_o the_o turk_n and_o tartar_n which_o be_v for_o the_o emperor_n interest_n the_o court_n of_o vienna_n will_v never_o want_v some_o christianly_o dispose_v bishop_n or_o some_o other_o member_n to_o persuade_v or_o oblige_v the_o diet_n to_o continue_v the_o war_n as_o long_o as_o it_o agree_v with_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n and_o this_o under_o pretence_n of_o serve_v god_n and_o the_o apostolic_a see_n this_o appear_v sufficient_o in_o this_o present_a war_n for_o the_o pole_n have_v be_v extreme_o fatigue_v and_o impoverish_v by_o the_o continue_a and_o fatal_a interruption_n of_o the_o tartar_n for_o near_a these_o fifteen_o year_n do_v all_o no_o doubt_n wish_v for_o a_o peace_n and_o have_v propose_v it_o in_o every_o diet_n for_o several_a year_n ever_o since_o the_o siege_n of_o vienna_n but_o notwithstanding_o either_o through_o their_o own_o disorder_n or_o the_o austrian_a faction_n they_o can_v never_o yet_o accomplish_v their_o design_n thus_o the_o austrian_a party_n keep_v they_o in_o a_o tedious_a war_n and_o the_o french_a prevent_v they_o from_o carry_v it_o on_o with_o vigour_n insomuch_o that_o between_o these_o two_o that_o nation_n be_v almost_o ruin_v since_o on_o one_o side_n they_o be_v hinder_v from_o make_v peace_n to_o remedy_v the_o prodigious_a desolation_n make_v upon_o they_o and_o on_o the_o other_o prevent_v from_o raise_v money_n sufficient_a to_o carry_v the_o war_n into_o the_o country_n of_o their_o invader_n there_o every_o member_n of_o the_o diet_n after_o have_v obtain_v leave_v of_o their_o marshal_n who_o can_v only_o stop_v their_o mouth_n have_v a_o right_a to_o speak_v and_o harangue_n there_o as_o long_o as_o he_o please_v nay_o can_v say_v what_o he_o will_v for_o they_o often_o abuse_v one_o another_o and_o affront_v their_o king_n to_o his_o face_n brand_a he_o with_o the_o infamous_a title_n of_o perjure_a unjust_a and_o the_o like_a they_o often_o likewise_o threaten_v both_o he_o and_o his_o child_n when_o perhaps_o they_o have_v the_o least_o reason_n the_o occasion_n of_o this_o be_v general_o in_o that_o they_o come_v drink_v into_o the_o diet_n and_o consequent_o talk_v only_o as_o the_o spirit_n move_v either_o good_a or_o bad_a nay_o you_o shall_v have_v some_o of_o these_o fuddle-cap_n talk_v nonsense_n for_o two_o or_o three_o hour_n together_o trespass_v on_o the_o patience_n of_o the_o sober_a sort_n with_o a_o rail_n carp_a injurious_a and_o ill_o digest_v discourse_n without_o any_o body_n ever_o dare_v to_o interrupt_v they_o though_o they_o spin_v it_o out_o never_o so_o long_o for_o if_o the_o marshal_n himself_o shall_v then_o presume_v to_o bid_v they_o hold_v their_o tongue_n they_o will_v infallible_o dissolve_v the_o diet_n by_o protest_v against_o the_o proceed_n thereof_o so_o that_o the_o prudent_a way_n be_v always_o to_o hear_v they_o out_o and_o moreover_o to_o show_v no_o dislike_n to_o the_o impertinent_a speech_n they_o have_v make_v government_n no_o body_n but_o see_v the_o unhappy_a state_n of_o the_o government_n of_o poland_n that_o their_o constitution_n and_o privilege_n be_v most_o pernicious_a that_o the_o unlimited_a and_o absolute_a liberty_n of_o each_o member_n make_v all_o the_o republic_n slave_n either_o to_o the_o whimsy_n or_o factious_a obstinacy_n of_o one_o particular_a man_n for_o can_v there_o be_v any_o thing_n more_o unreasonable_a than_o that_o after_o all_o the_o senator_n and_o deputy_n have_v come_v from_o most_o remote_a province_n with_o excessive_a expense_n to_o the_o diet_n and_o labour_v joint_o with_o the_o king_n to_o conclude_v matter_n for_o the_o common_a benefit_n of_o the_o nation_n it_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o one_o disaffect_v or_o corrupt_v person_n without_o give_v any_o far_a reason_n than_o his_o own_o pleasure_n to_o annul_v the_o proceed_n of_o the_o rest_n and_o to_o dissolve_v the_o diet_n at_o a_o juncture_n especial_o when_o there_o be_v the_o great_a occasion_n for_o their_o concurrence_n thus_o sir_n you_o may_v perceive_v that_o affair_n of_o the_o great_a consequence_n depend_v not_o only_o on_o the_o prudent_a deliberation_n of_o sober_a man_n but_o also_o on_o the_o whimsical_a humour_n of_o the_o senseless_a or_o deprave_a this_o excessive_a liberty_n of_o every_o private_a man_n show_v that_o both_o the_o nation_n and_o the_o diet_n have_v none_o at_o all_o consent_n this_o constitution_n of_o conclude_a matter_n in_o the_o diet_n rather_o by_o universal_a consent_n than_o plurality_n of_o voice_n be_v establish_v to_o deprive_v their_o king_n of_o all_o mean_n and_o opportunity_n of_o ever_o become_v absolute_a for_o they_o imagine_v it_o be_v moral_o impossible_a as_o it_o real_o be_v that_o whatever_o interest_n or_o authority_n the_o king_n may_v get_v in_o the_o country_n that_o he_o shall_v ever_o so_o far_o prevail_v as_o to_o bring_v all_o the_o member_n of_o the_o diet_n for_o he_o may_v have_v the_o majority_n to_o consent_v to_o any_o article_n or_o bill_n which_o may_v any_o wise_a be_v injurious_a to_o the_o nation_n but_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n observe_v the_o many_o bad_a consequence_n that_o usual_o attend_v and_o must_v still_o necessary_o follow_v such_o constitution_n they_o once_o propose_v to_o decide_v their_o affair_n by_o the_o two_o three_o of_o the_o voice_n yet_o which_o they_o can_v never_o agree_v in_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o be_v overfond_a of_o their_o liberty_n be_v loath_a by_o these_o mean_n to_o consent_v to_o part_v with_o they_o and_o so_o that_o proposal_n have_v no_o effect_n subsist_v sir_n you_o may_v have_v just_a reason_n to_o admire_v how_o the_o polish_v nation_n can_v for_o above_o a_o thousand_o year_n subsist_v with_o such_o bad_a constitution_n and_o still_o possess_v not_o only_o a_o vast_a kingdom_n but_o also_o hitherto_o enjoy_v their_o freedom_n and_o liberty_n in_o their_o utmost_a force_n and_o extent_n it_o be_v wonderful_a also_o that_o far_o from_o lose_v or_o limit_v any_o of_o their_o prerogative_n they_o rather_o enlarge_v and_o increase_v they_o as_o often_o as_o they_o elect_v their_o king_n nay_o consider_v the_o power_n of_o their_o king_n the_o absolute_a prerogative_n every_o gentleman_n have_v in_o his_o own_o land_n in_o a_o manner_n above_o the_o law_n the_o turbulence_n of_o their_o diet_n and_o the_o small_a obligation_n the_o officer_n think_v they_o lie_v under_o to_o perform_v their_o several_a duty_n the_o pole_n themselves_o have_v own_a it_o to_o be_v no_o less_o than_o a_o miriacle_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v subsist_v so_o long_o and_o dr._n connor_n say_v he_o have_v often_o hear_v they_o say_v that_o their_o preservation_n be_v to_o be_v attribute_v to_o god_n alone_o that_o protect_v they_o to_o be_v the_o invincible_a bulwark_n of_o europe_n against_o the_o progress_n of_o the_o common_a enemy_n of_o christendom_n the_o turk_n and_o tartar_n reason_n here_o we_o need_v not_o have_v recourse_n to_o any_o peculiar_a providence_n bestow_v by_o god_n on_o the_o pole_n since_o by_o his_o own_o ordinary_a concourse_n to_o all_o natural_a cause_n we_o may_v easy_o collect_v that_o the_o polish_v nation_n can_v not_o but_o subsist_v hitherto_o only_o but_o likewise_o must_v in_o all_o probability_n last_o as_o long_o as_o any_o kingdom_n in_o europe_n and_o this_o for_o several_a reason_n reason_n first_o because_o though_o the_o king_n power_n be_v limit_v by_o the_o law_n his_o
jurisdiction_n of_o poland_n be_v whole_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o king_n or_o his_o general_n although_o the_o palatine_n and_o castellan_n who_o general_o accompany_v his_o majesty_n to_o the_o war_n retain_v their_o authority_n over_o their_o respective_a inferior_n but_o where_o those_o be_v refractory_a a_o court-marshal_n adju_v the_o debate_n law_n as_o for_o the_o law_n of_o poland_n it_o be_v on_o all_o hand_n agree_v that_o it_o have_v none_o till_o the_o time_n of_o casimir_n the_o great_a and_o then_o but_o very_o few_o make_v by_o he_o although_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o pole_n hadlong_o before_o be_v christian_n and_o be_v well_o enough_o verse_v in_o the_o human-learning_n yet_o be_v there_o never_o any_o law_n or_o statute_n of_o any_o prince_n commit_v to_o write_v but_o that_o people_n be_v content_v to_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o custom_n and_o manner_n of_o their_o ancestor_n hand_v down_o to_o they_o from_o father_n to_o son_n casimir_n iii_o therefore_o call_v the_o great_a from_o his_o prudent_a administration_n observe_v the_o disadvantage_n his_o kingdom_n labour_v under_o by_o the_o german_n who_o then_o frequent_o come_v into_o poland_n on_o account_n of_o trade_n receive_v the_o saxon_a law_n now_o call_v magdeburg-law_n from_o the_o city_n of_o saxony_n whence_o they_o be_v take_v by_o which_o poland_n be_v at_o this_o day_n principal_o govern_v although_o the_o gentry_n have_v many_o peculiar_a custom_n and_o some_o statute_n which_o have_v be_v since_o make_v and_o which_o in_o the_o time_n of_o sigismundus_n augustus_n be_v compile_v into_o one_o volume_n by_o learned_a man_n be_v entitle_v the_o statute_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o since_o some_o have_v be_v approve_v and_o augment_v and_o other_o change_v and_o alter_v in_o several_a diet_n have_v obtain_v the_o name_n of_o constitution_n of_o poland_n to_o which_o nevertheless_o all_o that_o kingdom_n be_v not_o subject_a lithuania_n and_o volhynia_n observe_v its_o own_o law_n prussia_n likewise_o both_o regal_a and_o ducal_z have_v a_o municipal_a law_n of_o its_o own_o common_o style_v the_o law_n of_o culm_n from_o which_o notwithstanding_o three_o city_n be_v exempt_a viz._n elbing_n bransberg_n and_o fraumberg_n all_o which_o make_v use_v of_o the_o law_n of_o lansberg_n poland_n the_o punishment_n in_o poland_n be_v various_a and_o differ_v only_o according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o crime_n and_o not_o of_o the_o person_n for_o a_o thief_n be_v to_o be_v hang_v of_o what_o degree_n soever_o he_o be_v and_o capital_a offender_n of_o all_o other_o kind_n and_o quality_n be_v to_o be_v behead_v except_o in_o notorious_a villainy_n where_o the_o offender_n be_v common_o break_v on_o the_o wheel_n or_o else_o torture_v by_o cut_v off_o two_o thong_n or_o long_a piece_n out_o of_o the_o skin_n of_o his_o back_n a_o nobleman_n be_v sometime_o punish_v by_o forfeit_v half_o his_o estate_n to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o rest_n to_o a_o informer_n and_o sometime_o by_o imprisonment_n only_o servant_n master_n also_o have_v a_o power_n of_o chastise_v their_o servant_n which_o they_o do_v after_o this_o manner_n if_o the_o servant_n they_o be_v about_o to_o punish_v be_v a_o polish_v gentleman_n than_o they_o make_v he_o lie_v down_o on_o his_o belly_n on_o a_o carpet_n spread_v on_o the_o ground_n or_o upon_o a_o stool_n when_o another_o gentleman-servant_n lay_v he_o on_o unmerciful_o on_o the_o back_n with_o a_o rope_n or_o stick_n give_v he_o as_o many_o blow_v and_o lash_n as_o the_o master_n who_o be_v then_o present_a order_n after_o which_o he_o that_o be_v beat_v embrace_n the_o knee_n of_o he_o that_o have_v command_v he_o to_o be_v beat_v and_o salute_v he_o with_o the_o good-natured_a title_n of_o benefactor_n this_o discipline_n seem_v a_o little_a too_o severe_a but_o however_o the_o temper_n of_o these_o people_n make_v it_o necessary_a the_o peasant-servant_n be_v punish_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n only_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o they_o have_v no_o carpet_n spread_v under_o they_o some_o of_o the_o former_a sort_n think_v it_o a_o honour_n to_o be_v so_o lash_v which_o honour_n they_o always_o receive_v liberal_o as_o often_o as_o they_o deserve_v it_o beat_v this_o custom_n of_o the_o pole_n in_o punish_v their_o gentlemen-servant_n so_o rigid_o ought_v not_o much_o to_o be_v wonder_v at_o if_o it_o be_v consider_v that_o they_o may_v serve_v in_o the_o mean_a office_n without_o derogate_a from_o the_o nobility_n of_o their_o birth_n or_o incapacitate_v themselves_o for_o the_o high_a preferment_n for_o say_v hauteville_n i_o have_v know_v some_o who_o from_o be_v footboy_n to_o great_a lord_n and_o drummer_n in_o a_o company_n of_o dragoon_n have_v be_v advance_v to_o the_o dignity_n of_o senator_n also_o in_o general_n nothing_o debase_v nobility_n in_o this_o country_n but_o a_o handicraft_n or_o mechanic_n employment_n this_o sir_n be_v all_o that_o i_o can_v meet_v with_o by_o various_a read_n relate_v to_o the_o legislative_a and_o executive_a justice_n in_o poland_n and_o which_o though_o not_o capable_a to_o pass_v your_o censure_n with_o the_o name_n of_o a_o regular_a composition_n i_o hope_v may_v obtain_v effect_n of_o your_o candour_n under_o the_o regret_v title_n of_o a_o hasty_a compilation_n i_o be_o sir_n with_o all_o humility_n your_o most_o obedient_a servant_n j._n s._n letter_n iu._n to_o the_o right_n honourable_a john_n earl_n of_o marlborough_n governor_n to_o his_o highness_n the_o duke_n of_o gloucester_n of_o the_o election_n and_o coronation_n of_o a_o king_n of_o poland_n with_o the_o proceed_n in_o the_o inter-regnum_fw-la and_o all_o other_o ceremony_n as_o likewise_o a_o short_a account_n of_o the_o coronation_n of_o the_o queen_n my_o lord_n to_o who_o can_v this_o letter_n which_o treat_v of_o the_o election_n of_o a_o king_n more_o proper_o address_v itself_o than_o to_o your_o lordship_n who_o have_v late_o be_v pitch_v upon_o by_o the_o wise_a of_o monarch_n to_o be_v governor_n to_o the_o presumptive_a heir_n of_o his_o crown_n no_o doubt_v his_o majesty_n see_v those_o unite_a qualification_n in_o you_o which_o be_v but_o to_o be_v single_o meet_v with_o in_o all_o other_o and_o which_o moreover_o can_v not_o but_o be_v require_v to_o copy_v a_o successor_n from_o so_o great_a a_o original_a as_o himself_o these_o consideration_n my_o lord_n have_v embolden_v i_o to_o present_v your_o lordship_n with_o this_o imperfect_a account_n but_o which_o i_o hope_v in_o regard_n it_o have_v be_v extract_v from_o so_o many_o volume_n may_v favourable_o pass_v your_o discern_a censure_n though_o it_o must_v not_o in_o the_o least_o pretend_v to_o deserve_v your_o approbation_n my_o lord_n way_n the_o crown_n of_o poland_n may_v be_v vacant_a four_o way_n for_o either_o the_o king_n abdicate_v voluntary_o and_o public_o like_o john_n casimir_n be_v depose_v for_o his_o vice_n as_o locticus_n be_v run_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o henry_n iii_o of_o france_n do_v or_o die_v which_o be_v the_o ordinary_a cause_n of_o a_o inter-regnum_fw-la summon_v when_o the_o crown_n be_v once_o become_v vacant_a the_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n be_v the_o first_o senator_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v the_o prime_a minister_n and_o have_v the_o same_o authority_n as_o the_o king_n have_v most_o of_o the_o crown_n revenue_n be_v invest_v likewise_o in_o he_o during_o the_o interregnum_fw-la after_o the_o king_n death_n he_o issue_v out_o circular_a letter_n to_o all_o the_o province_n to_o acquaint_v they_o therewith_o and_o to_o command_v their_o several_a officer_n to_o make_v publication_n of_o the_o inter-regnum_fw-la as_o likewise_o to_o summon_v a_o general_a convocation_n of_o the_o gentry_n to_o meet_v at_o warsaw_n at_o a_o time_n prefix_v session_n before_o this_o general_a meeting_n they_o meet_v at_o the_o little_a diet_n where_o care_n be_v take_v to_o secure_v the_o road_n from_o thief_n and_o to_o set_v strong_a guard_n every_o where_o on_o the_o frontier_n to_o oppose_v a_o invade_a enemy_n next_o spy_n be_v send_v into_o all_o neighbour_a kingdom_n to_o have_v intelligence_n of_o what_o they_o design_n or_o do_v then_o all_o person_n be_v prohibit_v either_o to_o go_v out_o or_o come_v into_o the_o kingdom_n during_o the_o interregnum_fw-la as_o likewise_o to_o carry_v any_o horse_n out_o of_o it_o all_o foreign_a letter_n direct_v to_o any_o member_n of_o the_o senate_n be_v intercept_v all_o the_o highway_n be_v block_v up_o with_o tree_n fell_v down_o and_o ambuscadoe_n be_v place_v about_o they_o none_o of_o the_o senate_n nor_o no_o foreigner_n be_v permit_v to_o write_v to_o the_o army_n all_o the_o gentry_n be_v command_v to_o have_v every_o thing_n in_o readiness_n for_o public_a defence_n the_o common_a use_n of_o gun_n be_v forbid_v tavern_n be_v shut_v up_o and_o concert_n of_o music_n silence_v
literae_fw-la restium_fw-la by_o some_o and_o by_o other_o wici_n signify_v in_o polish_v a_o staff_n and_o carry_v alo_v to_o every_o one_o of_o the_o chief_a nobleman_n of_o the_o district_n thrice_o in_o a_o month_n and_o proclaim_v as_o often_o in_o all_o city_n and_o to_n all_o court_n of_o justice_n cease_v at_o the_o three_o read_v of_o these_o letter_n unless_o it_o be_v those_o of_o the_o vice_n starosta_n who_o exercise_n their_o jurisdiction_n as_o before_o after_o the_o last_o read_v of_o these_o letter_n a_o place_n be_v appoint_v by_o several_a private_a assembly_n of_o the_o nobility_n in_o every_o district_n for_o particular_a muster_n and_o afterward_o for_o the_o general_n muster_v of_o every_o palatinate_n here_o the_o palatine_n and_o castellan_n take_v a_o exact_a account_n of_o the_o man_n horse_n arm_n etc._n etc._n neither_o of_o which_o can_v be_v change_v after_o that_o muster_n at_o the_o same_o time_n also_o the_o palatin_n divide_v the_o district_n among_o the_o several_a castellan_n and_o order_n they_o their_o several_a post_n in_o those_o palatinate_v where_o there_o be_v but_o one_o castellan_n there_o part_n of_o his_o duty_n be_v perform_v by_o a_o vice-chamberlain_n etc._n etc._n and_o in_o lithuania_n by_o a_o marshal_n of_o every_o district_n this_o particular_a muster_n be_v over_o the_o castellan_n of_o every_o district_n lead_v the_o gentry_n under_o his_o command_n to_o the_o place_n of_o general_a muster_n for_o the_o palatinate_n where_o the_o palatin_a muster_n they_o again_o and_o take_v a_o account_n of_o the_o defaulter_n before_o the_o castellan_n come_v to_o the_o palatine_n justice_n be_v absolute_o in_o their_o hand_n but_o afterward_o they_o must_v resign_v it_o to_o the_o palatin_n though_o capital_a crime_n be_v always_o reserve_v for_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o general_n or_o rather_o of_o the_o king_n who_o of_o late_a day_n have_v have_v a_o council_n of_o war_n assign_v he_o for_o that_o purpose_n i_o may_v here_o observe_v that_o the_o gentry_n be_v always_o muster_v and_o register_v annual_o by_o their_o respective_a officer_n starovolscius_fw-la reasonable_o cavalry_n require_v two_o necessary_a quality_n in_o the_o polish_v horse_n which_o they_o seldom_o or_o never_o have_v and_o those_o be_v expedition_n and_o obedience_n as_o to_o the_o former_a he_o say_v they_o be_v always_o unwilling_a to_o leave_v their_o wife_n and_o child_n and_o therefore_o never_o care_v for_o appear_v before_o they_o be_v force_v by_o the_o three_o summons_n and_o as_o for_o the_o latter_a when_o they_o be_v get_v together_o he_o say_v think_v themselves_o powerful_a they_o be_v always_o plot_v and_o ready_a to_o rebel_n against_o their_o superior_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v that_o although_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n abound_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o plenty_n yet_o in_o every_o expedition_n almost_o the_o soldier_n be_v ready_a to_o starve_v which_o be_v occasion_v by_o a_o shameful_a neglect_n of_o the_o chief_a officer_n to_o furnish_v the_o army_n with_o requisite_a provision_n whence_o it_o often_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o though_o matter_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o near_a issue_n yet_o they_o be_v general_o forsake_v before_o they_o be_v accomplish_v the_o soldier_n head_n run_v after_o nothing_o but_o forage_v and_o plunder_n which_o they_o take_v wherever_o it_o come_v in_o their_o way_n whereby_o the_o country_n be_v general_o injure_v instead_o of_o be_v right_v and_o defend_v there_o be_v other_o cause_n of_o this_o confusion_n and_o disorder_n in_o the_o army_n which_o i_o shall_v speak_v of_o hereafter_o rendezvous_n when_o the_o gentry_n have_v be_v thus_o muster_v by_o the_o palatine_n they_o be_v next_o to_o be_v lead_v by_o their_o officer_n to_o the_o place_n of_o general_a rendezvous_n where_o every_o palatin_n deliver_v up_o his_o charge_n to_o the_o supremacy_n of_o the_o great_a general_n in_o their_o march_n they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v quarter_v upon_o any_o of_o the_o king_n be_v or_o gentry_n estate_n but_o be_v to_o encamp_v in_o the_o open_a field_n that_o they_o may_v make_v no_o disturbance_n in_o the_o city_n at_o this_o day_n the_o general_n power_n be_v very_o much_o limit_v in_o respect_n of_o what_o it_o be_v former_o for_o then_o a_o general_n be_v altogether_o absolute_a and_o his_o will_n alone_o go_v for_o a_o law_n but_o now_o he_o can_v do_v little_a without_o the_o consent_n of_o such_o as_o the_o republic_n have_v assign_v he_o beside_o the_o great_a general_n and_o field-marshal_n the_o king_n by_o the_o law_n be_v oblige_v to_o be_v in_o the_o army_n in_o person_n this_o appear_v by_o the_o example_n of_o king_n alexander_n who_o by_o reason_n the_o gentry_n demand_v his_o presence_n among_o they_o though_o sick_a be_v force_v to_o be_v carry_v in_o a_o litter_n into_o the_o camp_n this_o be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v plot_v by_o the_o contrivance_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o glinski_n who_o hope_v thereby_o that_o the_o king_n will_v catch_v his_o death_n horse_n before_o i_o proceed_v any_o far_a i_o ought_v to_o give_v your_o grace_n a_o division_n of_o the_o polish_v army_n and_o therein_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v compose_v of_o different_a kind_n of_o soldier_n as_o first_o of_o the_o pospolite_n or_o militia_n 2._o of_o hire_a soldier_n 3._o of_o auxiliary_n 4._o of_o quartarian_a hireling_n and_o 5_o of_o volunteer_n and_o again_o it_o consist_v both_o of_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o those_o native_n and_o foreigner_n the_o native_n be_v for_o the_o great_a part_n horse_n or_o cavalry_n and_o may_v be_v divide_v into_o four_o sort_n which_o may_v also_o be_v consider_v in_o two_o manner_n as_o first_o heavy-armed_a and_o second_o light-horse_n the_o former_a be_v 1._o the_o hussartz_n which_o with_o their_o horse_n be_v both_o in_o close_a armour_n and_o 2_o the_o tovarzysz_n which_o have_v only_o a_o breastplate_n helmet_n and_o gorget_n these_o be_v both_o choice_a man_n and_o the_o latter_a be_v so_o name_v from_o a_o word_n in_o polish_v which_o signify_v companion_n arm_v the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v arm_v with_o short_a lance_n sabres_fw-es and_o pistol_n and_o the_o second_o with_o carabine_n bow_n and_o arrow_n etc._n etc._n these_o short_a lance_n be_v call_v by_o the_o pole_n kopye_n whence_o also_o the_o body_n of_o man_n that_o use_v they_o be_v term_v kopiynick_n these_o kopiie_n be_v about_o 6_o foot_n long_o and_o tie_v to_o the_o horsmen_n wrist_n with_o string_n of_o silk_n when_o they_o come_v near_o their_o enemy_n they_o dart_v their_o lance_n with_o all_o their_o force_n against_o they_o and_o if_o they_o miss_v their_o body_n they_o sudden_o snatch_v back_o the_o lance_n by_o help_n of_o the_o silken_a string_n but_o where_o they_o have_v mortal_o wound_v any_o than_o they_o slip_v the_o silk_n and_o leave_v the_o lance_n in_o their_o body_n till_o such_o time_n as_o they_o can_v ride_v up_o to_o they_o to_o cut_v of_o their_o head_n with_o a_o broad_a well_o temper_v sabre_n which_o always_o hang_v by_o their_o saddle_n both_o the_o hussartz_n and_o tovarzysz_n with_o their_o horse_n look_v frightful_o be_v stick_v all_o over_o with_o wing_n of_o stork_n crane_n turkey-cock_n etc._n etc._n and_o clothe_v over_o their_o armour_n with_o skin_n of_o leopard_n tiger_n bear_n lion_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o they_o do_v to_o make_v themselves_o the_o more_o terrible_a to_o their_o enemy_n these_o cavalry_n for_o the_o most_o part_n set_v themselves_o also_o off_o wilh_v various_a partycoloured_a mantle_n which_o oftentimes_o shine_v with_o jewel_n gold_n and_o silver_n of_o the_o hussartz_n there_o be_v but_o 5_o company_n in_o poland_n every_o company_n consist_v of_o about_o 300_o man_n all_o arm_a cap-a-pe_n they_o have_v but_o one_o lieutenant_n in_o each_o company_n which_o they_o call_v poruczknik_n and_o one_o korazy_a or_o trumpeter_n with_o a_o particular_a sort_n of_o trumpet_n which_o they_o call_v koronzy_n one_o of_o these_o the_o present_a king_n of_o france_n cause_v to_o be_v bring_v into_o his_o kingdom_n with_o design_n to_o have_v the_o like_v make_v but_o be_v extreme_o costly_a and_o not_o like_a to_o be_v of_o any_o great_a use_n among_o the_o cannon_n he_o lay_v his_o intention_n aside_o horse_n the_o light_a horse_n be_v also_o of_o two_o sort_n and_o be_v either_o with_o armour_n or_o without_o the_o first_o sort_n wear_v coat_n of_o mail_n and_o differ_v in_o name_n as_o they_o do_v in_o country_n the_o pole_n call_v they_o pancerznicy_n koragwy_n and_o the_o lithuanian_n petihorsky_n koragwy_n which_o last_o differ_v something_o in_o their_o dress_n from_o the_o former_a the_o number_n of_o these_o far_o exceed_v that_o either_o of_o the_o hussartz_n or_o tovarzysz_n they_o be_v both_o separate_a company_n and_o be_v incorporate_v into_o no_o regiment_n they_o be_v in_o all_o about_o 6_o or_o 7000_o