be_v and_o if_o it_o be_v fit_a for_o such_o poor_a finite_a creature_n as_o we_o be_v to_o pronounce_v what_o infinite_a wisdom_n and_o goodness_n can_v do_v i_o think_v we_o may_v say_v that_o god_n himself_o can_v choose_v what_o be_v not_o good_a the_o freedom_n of_o the_o almighty_a hinder_v not_o his_o be_v determine_v by_o what_o be_v best_a §_o 32._o but_o to_o consider_v this_o mistake_a part_n of_o liberty_n right_n will_v any_o one_o be_v a_o changeling_n because_o he_o be_v less_o determine_v by_o wise_a consideration_n than_o a_o wise_a man_n be_v it_o worth_a the_o name_n of_o freedom_n to_o be_v at_o liberty_n to_o play_v the_o fool_n and_o draw_v shame_n and_o misery_n upon_o a_o man_n self_n if_o want_n of_o restraint_n to_o choose_v or_o to_o do_v the_o worse_o be_v liberty_n true_a liberty_n mad_a man_n and_o fool_n be_v the_o only_a freeman_n but_o yet_o i_o think_v no_o body_n will_v choose_v to_o be_v mad_a for_o the_o sake_n of_o such_o liberty_n but_o he_o that_o be_v mad_a already_o §_o 33._o but_o though_o the_o preference_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v always_o determine_v by_o the_o appearance_n of_o good_a great_a good_a yet_o the_o person_n who_o have_v the_o power_n in_o which_o alone_o consist_v liberty_n to_o act_v or_o not_o to_o act_v according_a to_o such_o preference_n be_v nevertheless_o free_a such_o determination_n abridge_n not_o that_o power_n he_o that_o have_v his_o chain_n knock_v off_o and_o the_o prison-door_n set_v open_a to_o he_o be_v perfect_o at_o liberty_n because_o he_o may_v either_o go_v or_o stay_v as_o he_o best_o like_v though_o his_o preference_n be_v determine_v to_o stay_v by_o the_o darkness_n of_o the_o night_n or_o illness_n of_o the_o wether_n or_o want_v of_o other_o lodging_n he_o cease_v not_o to_o be_v free_a though_o that_o which_o at_o that_o time_n appear_v to_o he_o the_o great_a good_n absolute_o determine_v his_o preference_n and_o make_v he_o stay_v in_o his_o prison_n i_o have_v rather_o make_v use_n of_o the_o word_n preference_n than_o choice_n to_o express_v the_o act_n of_o volition_n because_o choice_n be_v of_o a_o more_o doubtful_a signification_n and_o border_v more_o upon_o desire_n and_o so_o be_v refer_v to_o thing_n remote_a whereas_o volition_n or_o the_o act_n of_o willing_a signify_v nothing_o proper_o but_o the_o actual_a produce_v of_o something_o that_o be_v voluntary_a §_o 34._o the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v if_o our_o will_n be_v determine_v by_o good_a how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o man_n will_n carry_v they_o so_o contrary_o and_o consequent_o some_o of_o they_o to_o what_o be_v evil_a and_o to_o this_o i_o say_v that_o the_o various_a and_o contrary_a choice_n that_o man_n make_v in_o the_o world_n do_v not_o argue_v that_o they_o do_v not_o all_o choose_v good_a but_o that_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v not_o good_a to_o every_o man._n be_v all_o the_o concern_v of_o man_n terminate_v in_o this_o life_n why_o one_o pursue_v study_n and_o knowledge_n and_o another_o hawk_n and_o hunt_v why_o one_o choose_v luxury_n and_o debauchery_n and_o another_o sobriety_n and_o riches_n will_v not_o be_v because_o every_o one_o of_o these_o do_v not_o pursue_v his_o own_o happiness_n but_o because_o their_o happiness_n lie_v in_o different_a thing_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o right_a answer_n of_o the_o physician_n to_o his_o patient_n that_o have_v sore_a eye_n if_o you_o have_v more_o pleasure_n in_o the_o taste_n of_o wine_n than_o in_o the_o use_n of_o your_o sight_n wine_n be_v good_a for_o you_o but_o if_o the_o pleasure_n of_o see_v be_v great_a to_o you_o than_o that_o of_o drink_v wine_n be_v naught_o §_o 35._o the_o mind_n have_v a_o different_a relish_n as_o well_o as_o the_o palate_n and_o you_o will_v as_o fruitless_o endeavour_v to_o delight_v all_o man_n with_o riches_n or_o glory_n which_o yet_o some_o man_n place_v their_o happiness_n in_o as_o you_o will_v to_o satisfy_v all_o man_n hunger_n with_o cheese_n or_o lobster_n which_o though_o very_o agreeable_a and_o delicious_a fare_n to_o some_o be_v to_o other_o extreme_o nauseous_a and_o offensive_a and_o many_o people_n will_v with_o reason_n prefer_v the_o gripe_a of_o a_o hungry_a belly_n to_o those_o dish_n which_o be_v a_o feast_n to_o other_o hence_o it_o be_v i_o think_v that_o the_o philosopher_n of_o old_a do_v in_o vain_a inquire_v whether_o summum_fw-la bonum_fw-la consist_v in_o riches_n or_o bodily_a delight_n or_o virtue_n or_o contemplation_n and_o they_o may_v have_v as_o reasonable_o dispute_v whether_o the_o best_a relish_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o apple_n plumb_n or_o nut_n and_o have_v divide_v themselves_o into_o sect_n upon_o it_o for_o as_o pleasant_a taste_n depend_v not_o on_o the_o thing_n themselves_o but_o their_o agreeableness_n to_o this_o or_o that_o particular_a palate_n wherein_o there_o be_v great_a variety_n so_o the_o great_a happiness_n consist_v in_o the_o have_v those_o thing_n which_o produce_v the_o great_a pleasure_n and_o the_o absence_n of_o those_o which_o cause_n any_o disturbance_n any_o pain_n which_o to_o different_a man_n be_v very_o different_a thing_n if_o therefore_o man_n in_o this_o life_n only_o have_v hope_n if_o in_o this_o life_n they_o can_v only_o enjoy_v it_o be_v not_o strange_a nor_o unreasonable_a they_o shall_v seek_v their_o happiness_n by_o avoid_v all_o thing_n that_o disease_n they_o here_o and_o by_o prefer_v all_o that_o delight_v they_o wherein_o it_o will_v be_v no_o wonder_n to_o find_v variety_n and_o difference_n for_o if_o there_o be_v no_o prospect_n beyond_o the_o grave_a the_o inference_n be_v certain_o right_a let_v we_o eat_v and_o drink_v let_v we_o enjoy_v what_o we_o delight_v in_o for_o to_o morrow_n we_o shall_v die_v this_o i_o think_v may_v serve_v to_o show_v we_o the_o reason_n why_o though_o all_o man_n will_n be_v determine_v by_o good_a yet_o they_o be_v not_o determine_v by_o the_o same_o object_n man_n may_v choose_v different_a thing_n and_o yet_o all_o choose_v right_a suppose_v they_o only_o like_o a_o company_n of_o poor_a infect_v whereof_o some_o be_v bee_n delight_v with_o flower_n and_o their_o sweetness_n other_o scarab_n delight_v with_o other_o kind_n of_o viand_n which_o have_v enjoy_v for_o a_o season_n they_o shall_v cease_v to_o be_v and_o exist_v no_o more_o for_o ever_o §_o 36._o this_o sufficient_o discover_v to_o we_o why_o man_n in_o this_o world_n prefer_v different_a thing_n and_o pursue_v happiness_n by_o contrary_a course_n but_o yet_o since_o man_n be_v always_o determine_v by_o good_a the_o great_a good_a and_o be_v constant_a and_o in_o earnest_n in_o matter_n of_o happiness_n and_o misery_n the_o question_n still_o remain_v how_o man_n come_v often_o to_o prefer_v the_o worse_a to_o the_o better_a and_o to_o choose_v that_o which_o by_o their_o own_o confession_n have_v make_v they_o miserable_a §_o 37._o to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o as_o to_o present_a happiness_n or_o misery_n present_a pleasure_n or_o pain_n when_o that_o alone_o come_v in_o consideration_n a_o man_n never_o choose_v amiss_o he_o know_v what_o best_o please_v he_o and_o that_o he_o actual_o prefer_v thing_n in_o their_o present_a enjoyment_n be_v what_o they_o seem_v the_o apparent_a and_o real_a good_a be_v in_o this_o case_n always_o the_o same_o for_o the_o pain_n or_o pleasure_n be_v just_a so_o great_a and_o no_o great_a than_o it_o be_v feel_v the_o present_a good_a or_o evil_a be_v real_o so_o much_o as_o it_o appear_v and_o therefore_o be_v every_o action_n of_o we_o conclude_v within_o itself_o and_o draw_v no_o consequence_n after_o it_o we_o shall_v undoubted_o always_o will_v nothing_o but_o good_a always_o infallible_o prefer_v the_o best_a be_v the_o pain_n of_o honest_a industry_n and_o of_o starve_v with_o hunger_n and_o cold_n set_v together_o before_o we_o no_o body_n will_v be_v in_o doubt_n which_o to_o choose_v be_v the_o satisfaction_n of_o a_o lust_n and_o the_o joy_n of_o heaven_n offer_v at_o once_o to_o any_o one_o be_v present_a possession_n he_o will_v not_o balance_v or_o err_v in_o the_o choice_n and_o determination_n of_o his_o will._n but_o since_o our_o voluntary_a action_n carry_v not_o all_o the_o happiness_n and_o misery_n that_o depend_v on_o they_o along_o with_o they_o in_o their_o present_a performance_n but_o be_v the_o precedent_a cause_n of_o good_a and_o evil_a which_o they_o draw_v after_o they_o and_o bring_v upon_o we_o when_o they_o themselves_o be_v pass_v and_o cease_v to_o be_v that_o which_o have_v the_o preference_n and_o make_v we_o will_v the_o do_v or_o omit_v any_o action_n in_o our_o power_n be_v the_o great_a good_a appear_v to_o result_v from_o that_o choice_n in_o all_o its_o consequence_n as_o far_o as_o at_o present_a they_o
a_o man_n can_v will_n what_o he_o will_v or_o be_v please_v with_o what_o he_o be_v please_v with_o a_o question_n which_o i_o think_v needs_o no_o answer_n and_o they_o who_o can_v make_v a_o question_n of_o it_o must_v suppose_v one_o will_n to_o determine_v the_o act_n of_o another_o and_o another_o to_o determinate_a that_o and_o so_o on_o in_o infinitum_fw-la a_o absurdity_n before_o take_v notice_n of_o §_o 26._o to_o avoid_v these_o and_o the_o like_a absurdity_n nothing_o can_v be_v of_o great_a use_n than_o to_o establish_v in_o our_o mind_n clear_a and_o steady_a notion_n of_o the_o thing_n under_o consideration_n if_o the_o idea_n of_o liberty_n and_o volition_n be_v well_o fix_v in_o our_o understanding_n and_o carry_v along_o with_o we_o in_o our_o mind_n as_o they_o ought_v through_o all_o the_o question_n be_v raise_v about_o they_o i_o suppose_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o difficulty_n that_o perplex_a man_n thought_n and_o entangle_v their_o understanding_n will_v be_v much_o easy_o resolve_v and_o we_o shall_v perceive_v where_o the_o confuse_a signification_n of_o term_n or_o where_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n cause_v the_o obscurity_n §_o 27._o first_o then_o it_o be_v careful_o to_o be_v remember_v that_o freedom_n consist_v in_o the_o dependence_n of_o the_o existence_n or_o not_o existence_n of_o any_o action_n upon_o our_o volition_n of_o it_o and_o not_o in_o the_o dependence_n of_o any_o action_n or_o its_o contrary_a on_o our_o preference_n a_o man_n stand_v on_o a_o cliff_n be_v at_o liberty_n to_o leap_v twenty_o yard_n downward_o into_o the_o sea_n not_o because_o he_o have_v a_o power_n to_o do_v the_o contrary_a action_n which_o be_v to_o leap_v twenty_o yard_n upward_o for_o that_o he_o can_v do_v but_o he_o be_v therefore_o free_a because_o he_o have_v a_o power_n to_o leap_v or_o not_o to_o leap_v but_o if_o a_o great_a force_n than_o he_o either_o hold_v he_o fast_o or_o tumble_v he_o down_o he_o be_v no_o long_o free_v in_o that_o case_n because_o the_o do_v or_o forbearance_n of_o that_o particular_a action_n be_v no_o long_o in_o his_o power_n he_o that_o be_v a_o close_a prisoner_n in_o a_o room_n twenty_o foot_n square_a be_v at_o the_o north-side_n of_o his_o chamber_n be_v at_o liberty_n to_o walk_v twenty_o foot_n southward_o because_o he_o can_v walk_v or_o not_o walk_v it_o but_o be_v not_o at_o the_o same_o time_n at_o liberty_n to_o do_v the_o contrary_a i._n e._n to_o walk_v twenty_o foot_n northward_o in_o this_o then_o consist_v freedom_n viz._n in_o our_o be_v able_a to_o act_v or_o not_o to_o act_v according_a as_o we_o shall_v choose_v or_o will_n §_n 28._o second_o in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o must_v remember_v that_o volition_n or_o willing_n regard_v only_o what_o be_v in_o our_o power_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o prefer_v the_o do_v of_o any_o thing_n to_o the_o not_o do_v of_o it_o action_n to_o rest_n &_o contra_fw-la well_o but_o what_o be_v this_o prefer_v it_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o be_v please_v more_o with_o the_o one_o than_o the_o other_o be_v then_o a_o man_n indifferent_a to_o be_v please_v or_o not_o please_v more_o with_o one_o thing_n than_o another_o be_v it_o in_o his_o choice_n whether_o he_o will_v or_o will_v not_o be_v better_o please_v with_o one_o thing_n than_o another_o and_o to_o this_o i_o think_v every_o one_o experience_n be_v ready_a to_o make_v answer_n no._n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v §_o 29._o three_o that_o the_o will_n or_o preference_n be_v determine_v by_o something_o without_o itself_o let_v we_o see_v then_o what_o it_o be_v determine_v by_o if_o willing_a be_v but_o the_o be_v better_o please_v as_o have_v be_v show_v it_o be_v easy_a to_o know_v what_o it_o be_v determine_v the_o will_n what_o it_o be_v please_v best_o every_o one_o know_v it_o be_v happiness_n or_o that_o which_o make_v any_o part_n of_o happiness_n or_o contribute_v to_o it_o and_o that_o be_v it_o we_o call_v good_n happiness_n and_o misery_n be_v the_o name_n of_o two_o extreme_n the_o utmost_a bound_n whereof_o we_o know_v not_o it_o be_v wat_fw-mi eye_n have_v not_o see_v ear_n have_v not_o hear_v nor_o have_v enter_v into_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n to_o conceive_v but_o of_o some_o degree_n of_o both_o we_o have_v very_o lively_a impression_n make_v by_o several_a instance_n of_o delight_n and_o joy_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o torment_v and_o sorrow_n on_o the_o other_o which_o for_o shortness_n sake_n i_o shall_v comprehend_v under_o the_o name_n of_o pleasure_n and_o pain_n there_o be_v pleasure_n and_o pain_n of_o the_o mind_n as_o well_o as_o the_o body_n with_o he_o be_v fullness_n of_o joy_n and_o pleasure_n for_o evermore_o or_o to_o speak_v true_o they_o be_v all_o of_o the_o mind_n though_o some_o have_v their_o rise_n in_o the_o mind_n from_o thought_n other_o in_o the_o body_n from_o motion_n happiness_n then_o be_v the_o utmost_a pleasure_n we_o be_v capable_a of_o and_o misery_n the_o utmost_a pain_n now_o because_o pleasure_n and_o pain_n be_v produce_v in_o we_o by_o the_o operation_n of_o certain_a object_n either_o on_o our_o mind_n or_o our_o body_n and_o in_o different_a degree_n therefore_o what_o have_v a_o aptness_n to_o produce_v pleasure_n in_o we_o be_v that_o we_o labour_v for_o and_o be_v that_o we_o call_v good_a and_o what_o be_v apt_a to_o produce_v pain_n in_o we_o we_o avoid_v and_o call_v evil_a for_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o for_o its_o aptness_n to_o produce_v pleasure_n and_o pain_n in_o we_o wherein_o consist_v our_o happiness_n or_o misery_n far_o because_o the_o degree_n of_o pleasure_n and_o pain_n have_v also_o just_o a_o preference_n though_o what_o be_v apt_a to_o produce_v any_o degree_n of_o pleasure_n be_v in_o itself_o good_a and_o what_o be_v apt_a to_o produce_v any_o degree_n of_o pain_n be_v evil_a yet_o it_o often_o happen_v that_o we_o do_v not_o call_v it_o so_o when_o it_o come_v in_o competition_n with_o a_o great_a of_o its_o sort_n so_o that_o if_o we_o will_v right_o estimate_v what_o we_o call_v good_a and_o evil_a we_o shall_v find_v it_o lie_v much_o in_o comparison_n for_o the_o cause_n of_o every_o less_o degree_n of_o pain_n as_o well_o as_o every_o great_a degree_n of_o pleasure_n have_v the_o nature_n of_o good_a and_o vice_n versâ_fw-la and_o be_v that_o which_o determine_v our_o choice_n and_o challenge_v our_o preference_n good_a then_o the_o great_a good_a be_v that_o alone_a which_o determine_v the_o will._n §_o 30._o this_o be_v not_o a_o imperfection_n in_o man_n it_o be_v the_o high_a perfection_n of_o intellectual_a nature_n it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v a_o restraint_n or_o diminution_n of_o freedom_n that_o it_o be_v the_o very_a improvement_n and_o benefit_n of_o it_o it_o be_v not_o a_o abrigdment_n it_o be_v the_o end_n and_o use_v of_o our_o liberty_n and_o the_o far_o we_o be_v remove_v from_o such_o a_o determination_n to_o good_a the_o near_o we_o be_v to_o misery_n and_o slavery_n a_o perfect_a indifferency_n in_o the_o will_n or_o power_n of_o prefer_v not_o determinable_a by_o the_o good_a or_o evil_a that_o be_v think_v to_o attend_v its_o choice_n will_v be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v a_o advantage_n and_o excellency_n of_o any_o intellectual_a nature_n that_o it_o will_v be_v as_o great_a a_o imperfection_n as_o the_o want_n of_o indifferency_n to_o act_n or_o not_o to_o act_v till_o determine_v by_o the_o will_n will_v be_v a_o imperfection_n on_o the_o other_o side_n a_o man_n be_v at_o liberty_n to_o lift_v up_o his_o hand_n to_o his_o head_n or_o let_v it_o rest_v quiet_a he_o be_v perfect_o indifferent_a to_o either_o and_o it_o will_v be_v a_o imperfection_n in_o he_o if_o he_o want_v that_o power_n if_o he_o be_v deprive_v of_o that_o indifferency_n but_o it_o will_v be_v as_o great_a a_o imperfection_n if_o he_o have_v the_o same_o indifferency_n whether_o he_o will_v prefer_v the_o liâ—ting_n up_o his_o hand_n or_o its_o remain_v in_o rest_n when_o it_o will_v â—ave_n his_o head_n or_o eye_n from_o a_o blow_n he_o see_v come_v it_o be_v as_o much_o a_o perfection_n that_o the_o power_n of_o prefer_v shall_v be_v determine_v by_o good_a as_o that_o the_o power_n of_o act_v shall_v be_v determine_v by_o the_o will_n and_o the_o certain_a such_o determination_n be_v the_o great_a be_v the_o perfection_n §_o 31._o if_o we_o look_v upon_o those_o superior_a being_n above_o we_o who_o enjoy_v perfect_a happiness_n we_o shall_v have_v reason_n to_o judge_v they_o be_v more_o steady_o determine_v in_o their_o choice_n of_o good_a than_o we_o and_o yet_o we_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o think_v they_o be_v less_o happy_a or_o less_o free_a than_o we_o
be_v reckon_v its_o active_a power_n and_o passive_a capacity_n which_o though_o not_o strict_o simple_a idea_n yet_o in_o this_o respect_n for_o brevity_n sake_n may_v convenient_o enough_o be_v reckon_v among_o they_o thus_o the_o power_n of_o draw_v iron_n be_v one_o of_o the_o idea_n of_o the_o complex_fw-la one_o of_o that_o substance_n we_o call_v a_o loadstone_n and_o a_o power_n to_o be_v so_o draw_v be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o complex_fw-la one_o we_o call_v iron_n which_o power_n pass_v for_o inherent_a quality_n in_o those_o subject_n because_o every_o substance_n be_v as_o apt_a by_o the_o power_n we_o observe_v in_o it_o to_o change_v some_o sensible_a quality_n in_o other_o subject_n as_o it_o be_v to_o produce_v in_o we_o those_o simple_a idea_n we_o receive_v immediate_o from_o it_o do_v by_o those_o new_a sensible_a quality_n introduce_v into_o other_o subject_n discover_v to_o we_o those_o power_n which_o do_v thereby_o mediate_o affect_v our_o sense_n as_o regular_o as_o its_o sensible_a quality_n do_v it_o immediate_o v._n g._n we_o immediate_o by_o our_o sense_n perceive_v in_o fire_n its_o heat_n and_o colour_n which_o be_v if_o right_o consider_v nothing_o but_o power_n in_o it_o to_o produce_v those_o idea_n in_o we_o we_o also_o by_o our_o sense_n perceive_v the_o colour_n and_o brittleness_n of_o charcoal_n whereby_o we_o come_v by_o the_o knowledge_n of_o another_o power_n in_o fire_n which_o it_o have_v to_o change_v the_o colour_n and_o consistency_n of_o wood_n by_o the_o former_a fire_n immediate_o by_o the_o late_a it_o mediate_o discover_v to_o we_o these_o several_a power_n which_o therefore_o we_o look_v upon_o to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o quality_n of_o fire_n and_o so_o make_v they_o a_o part_n of_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o it_o for_o all_o those_o power_n that_o we_o take_v cognizance_n of_o terminate_n only_o in_o the_o alteration_n of_o some_o sensible_a quality_n in_o those_o subject_n on_o which_o they_o operate_v and_o so_o make_v they_o exhibit_v to_o we_o new_a sensible_a idea_n therefore_o it_o be_v that_o i_o have_v reckon_v these_o power_n among_o the_o simple_a idea_n which_o make_v the_o complex_fw-la one_o of_o the_o sort_n of_o substance_n though_o these_o power_n consider_v in_o themselves_o be_v true_o complex_fw-la idea_n and_o in_o this_o loose_a sense_n i_o crave_v leave_n to_o be_v understand_v when_o i_o name_v any_o of_o these_o potentiality_n among_o the_o simple_a idea_n which_o we_o recollect_v in_o our_o mind_n when_o we_o think_v of_o particular_a substance_n for_o the_o power_n that_o be_v several_o in_o they_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v consider_v if_o we_o will_v have_v true_a distinct_a notion_n of_o substance_n §_o 8._o nor_o be_v we_o to_o wonder_v that_o power_n make_v a_o great_a part_n of_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o substance_n since_o their_o secondary_a quality_n be_v those_o which_o in_o most_o of_o they_o serve_v principal_o to_o distinguish_v substance_n one_o from_o another_o and_o common_o make_v a_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o they_o for_o our_o sense_n fail_v we_o in_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o bulk_n texture_n and_o figure_n of_o the_o minute_n part_n of_o body_n on_o which_o their_o real_a constitution_n and_o difference_n depend_v we_o be_v fain_o to_o make_v use_n of_o their_o secondary_a quality_n as_o the_o characteristical_a note_n and_o mark_n whereby_o to_o frame_v idea_n of_o they_o in_o our_o mind_n and_o distinguish_v they_o one_o from_o another_o all_o which_o secondary_a quality_n as_o have_v be_v show_v be_v nothing_o but_o bare_a power_n for_o the_o colour_n and_o taste_n of_o opium_n be_v as_o well_o as_o its_o foporifick_a or_o anodyn_a virtue_n mere_a power_n depend_v on_o its_o primary_n quality_n whereby_o it_o be_v sit_v to_o produce_v different_a operation_n on_o different_a part_n of_o our_o body_n the_o idea_n that_o make_v our_o complex_fw-la one_o of_o corporeal_a substance_n be_v of_o these_o three_o sort_n first_o the_o idea_n of_o the_o primary_n quality_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v discover_v by_o our_o sense_n and_o be_v in_o they_o even_o when_o we_o perceive_v they_o not_o such_o be_v the_o bulk_n figure_n number_n situation_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o body_n which_o be_v real_o in_o they_o whether_o we_o perceive_v they_o or_o no._n second_o the_o sensible_a secondary_a quality_n which_o depend_v on_o these_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o power_n those_o substance_n have_v to_o produce_v several_a idea_n in_o we_o by_o our_o sense_n which_o idea_n be_v not_o in_o the_o thing_n themselves_o otherwise_o than_o as_o any_o thing_n be_v in_o its_o cause_n three_o the_o aptness_n we_o consider_v in_o any_o substance_n to_o give_v or_o receive_v such_o alteration_n of_o primary_n quality_n as_o that_o the_o substance_n so_o alter_v shall_v produce_v in_o we_o different_a idea_n from_o what_o it_o do_v before_o these_o be_v call_v active_a and_o passive_a power_n all_o which_o power_n as_o far_o as_o we_o have_v any_o notice_n or_o notion_n of_o they_o terminate_v only_o in_o sensible_a simple_a idea_n for_o whatever_o alteration_n a_o loadstone_n have_v the_o power_n to_o make_v in_o the_o minute_n particle_n of_o iron_n we_o shall_v have_v no_o notion_n of_o any_o power_n it_o have_v at_o all_o to_o operate_v on_o iron_n do_v not_o its_o sensible_a motion_n discover_v it_o and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o there_o be_v a_o thousand_o change_n that_o body_n we_o daily_o handle_v have_v a_o power_n to_o cause_n in_o one_o another_o which_o we_o never_o suspect_v because_o they_o never_o appear_v in_o sensible_a effect_n §_o 10._o power_n therefore_o just_o make_v a_o great_a part_n of_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o substance_n he_o that_o will_v examine_v his_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o gold_n will_v find_v several_a of_o its_o idea_n that_o make_v it_o up_o to_o be_v only_a power_n as_o the_o power_n of_o be_v melt_v but_o of_o keep_v its_o weight_n in_o the_o fire_n of_o be_v dissolve_v in_o aq._n regia_n be_v idea_n as_o necessary_a to_o make_v up_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o gold_n as_o its_o colour_n and_o weight_n which_o if_o due_o consider_v be_v also_o nothing_o but_o different_a power_n for_o to_o speak_v true_o yellowness_n be_v not_o actual_o in_o gold_n but_o be_v a_o power_n in_o gold_n to_o produce_v that_o idea_n in_o we_o by_o our_o eye_n when_o place_v in_o a_o due_a light_n and_o the_o heat_n which_o we_o can_v leave_v out_o of_o our_o idea_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v no_o more_o real_o in_o the_o sun_n than_o the_o white_a colour_n it_o introduce_v in_o wax_n these_o be_v both_o equal_o power_n in_o the_o sun_n operate_n by_o the_o motion_n and_o figure_n of_o its_o insensible_a part_n so_o on_o a_o man_n as_o to_o make_v he_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o heat_n and_o so_o on_o wax_n as_o to_o make_v it_o capable_a to_o produce_v in_o a_o man_n the_o idea_n of_o white_a §_o 11._o have_v we_o sense_n acute_a enough_o to_o discern_v the_o minute_n particle_n of_o body_n and_o the_o real_a constitution_n on_o which_o their_o sensible_a quality_n depend_v i_o doubt_v not_o but_o they_o will_v produce_v quite_o different_a idea_n in_o we_o and_o that_o which_o be_v now_o the_o yellow_a colour_n of_o gold_n will_v then_o disappear_v and_o instead_o of_o it_o we_o shall_v see_v a_o admirable_a texture_n of_o part_n of_o a_o certain_a size_n and_o figure_n this_o microscope_n plain_o discover_v to_o we_o for_o what_o to_o our_o naked_a eye_n produce_v a_o certain_a colour_n be_v by_o thus_o augment_v the_o acuteness_n of_o our_o sense_n discover_v to_o be_v quite_o a_o different_a thing_n and_o the_o thus_o alter_v as_o it_o be_v the_o proportion_n of_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o minute_n part_n of_o a_o colour_a object_n to_o our_o usual_a sight_n produce_v different_a idea_n from_o what_o it_o do_v before_o thus_o sand_n or_o pound_v glass_n which_o be_v opaque_fw-la and_o white_a to_o the_o naked_a eye_n be_v pellucid_a in_o a_o microscope_n and_o a_o hair_n see_v this_o way_n lose_v its_o former_a colour_n and_o be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n pellucid_a with_o a_o mixture_n of_o some_o bright_a sparkle_a colour_n such_o as_o appear_v from_o the_o refraction_n of_o diamond_n and_o other_o pellucid_a body_n blood_n to_o the_o naked_a eye_n appear_v all_o red_a but_o by_o a_o good_a microscope_n wherein_o its_o lesser_a part_n appear_v show_v only_o some_o few_o globule_n of_o red_a swim_v in_o a_o pellucid_a liquor_n and_o how_o these_o red_a globule_n will_v appear_v if_o glass_n can_v be_v find_v that_o yet_o can_v magnify_v they_o 1000_o or_o 10000_o time_n more_o be_v uncertain_a §_o 12._o the_o infinite_o wise_a contriver_n of_o we_o and_o
may_v account_v for_o the_o cohesion_n of_o several_a part_n of_o matter_n that_o be_v grosser_n than_o the_o particle_n of_o air_n and_o have_v pore_n less_o than_o the_o corpuscle_n of_o air_n yet_o the_o weight_n or_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n will_v not_o explain_v nor_o can_v be_v a_o cause_n of_o the_o coherence_n of_o the_o particle_n of_o air_n themselves_o and_o if_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o aether_n or_o any_o subtle_a matter_n than_o the_o air_n may_v unite_v and_o hold_v fast_o together_o the_o part_n of_o a_o particle_n of_o air_n as_o well_o as_o other_o body_n yet_o it_o can_v make_v bond_n for_o itself_o and_o hold_v together_o the_o part_n that_o make_v up_o every_o the_o least_o corpuscle_n of_o that_o materia_fw-la subtilis_fw-la so_o that_o that_o hypothesis_n how_o ingenious_o soever_o explain_v by_o show_v that_o the_o part_n of_o sensible_a body_n be_v hold_v together_o by_o the_o pressure_n of_o other_o external_a insensible_a body_n reach_v not_o the_o part_n of_o the_o aether_n itself_o and_o by_o how_o much_o the_o more_o evident_a it_o prove_v that_o the_o part_n of_o other_o body_n be_v hold_v together_o by_o the_o external_a pressure_n of_o the_o aether_n and_o can_v have_v no_o other_o conceivable_a cause_n of_o their_o cohesion_n and_o union_n by_o so_o much_o the_o more_o it_o leave_v we_o in_o the_o dark_a concern_v the_o cohesion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o corpuscle_n of_o the_o aether_n itself_o which_o we_o can_v neither_o conceive_v without_o part_n they_o be_v body_n and_o divisible_a nor_o yet_o how_o their_o part_n cohere_v they_o want_v that_o cause_n of_o cohesion_n which_o be_v give_v of_o the_o cohesion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o all_o other_o body_n §_o 24._o but_o in_o truth_n the_o pressure_n of_o any_o ambient_fw-la fluid_fw-la how_o great_a soever_o can_v be_v no_o intelligible_a cause_n of_o the_o cohesion_n of_o the_o solid_a part_n of_o matter_n for_o though_o such_o a_o pressure_n may_v hinder_v the_o avulsion_n of_o two_o polish_a superficies_n one_o from_o another_o in_o a_o line_n perpendicular_a to_o they_o as_o in_o the_o experiment_n of_o two_o polish_a marble_n yet_o it_o can_v never_o in_o the_o least_o hinder_v the_o separation_n by_o a_o motion_n in_o a_o line_n parallel_n to_o these_o superficies_n because_o the_o ambient_fw-la fluid_fw-la have_v a_o full_a liberty_n to_o succeed_v in_o each_o point_n of_o space_n disert_v by_o a_o lateral_a motion_n resist_v such_o a_o motion_n of_o body_n so_o join_v no_o more_o than_o it_o will_v resist_v the_o motion_n of_o that_o body_n be_v it_o on_o all_o side_n environ_v by_o that_o fluid_a and_o touch_v no_o other_o body_n and_o therefore_o if_o there_o be_v no_o other_o cause_n of_o cohesion_n all_o part_n of_o body_n must_v be_v easy_o separable_a by_o such_o a_o lateral_a slide_a motion_n for_o if_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o aether_n be_v the_o adequate_a cause_n of_o cohesion_n wherever_o that_o cause_n operate_v not_o there_o can_v be_v no_o cohesion_n and_o since_o it_o can_v operate_v against_o such_o a_o lateral_a separation_n as_o have_v be_v show_v therefore_o in_o every_o imaginary_a plain_n intersect_v any_o mass_n of_o matter_n there_o can_v be_v no_o more_o cohesion_n than_o of_o two_o polish_a superficies_n which_o will_v always_o notwithstanding_o any_o imaginable_a pressure_n of_o a_o fluid_a easy_o slide_v one_o from_o another_o so_o that_o perhaps_o how_o clear_a a_o idea_n soever_o we_o think_v we_o have_v of_o the_o extension_n of_o body_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o cohesion_n of_o solid_a part_n he_o that_o shall_v well_o consider_v it_o in_o his_o mind_n may_v have_v reason_n to_o conclude_v that_o it_o be_v as_o easy_a for_o he_o to_o have_v a_o clear_a idea_n how_o the_o soul_n think_v as_o how_o body_n be_v extend_v for_o since_o body_n be_v no_o far_o nor_o otherwise_o extend_v than_o by_o the_o union_n and_o cohesion_n of_o its_o solid_a part_n we_o shall_v very_o ill_o comprehend_v the_o extension_n of_o body_n without_o understanding_n wherein_o consist_v the_o union_n and_o cohesion_n of_o its_o part_n which_o seem_v to_o i_o as_o incomprehensible_a as_o the_o manner_n of_o think_v and_o how_o it_o be_v perform_v §_o 25._o i_o allow_v it_o be_v usual_a for_o most_o people_n to_o wonder_n how_o any_o one_o shall_v find_v a_o difficulty_n in_o what_o they_o think_v they_o every_o day_n observe_v do_v we_o not_o see_v will_v they_o be_v ready_a to_o say_v the_o part_n of_o body_n stick_v firm_o together_o be_v there_o any_o thing_n more_o common_a and_o what_o doubt_n can_v there_o be_v make_v of_o it_o and_o the_o like_a i_o say_v concern_v think_v and_o voluntary_a motion_n do_v we_o not_o every_o moment_n experiment_n it_o in_o ourselves_o and_o therefore_o can_v it_o be_v doubt_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n be_v clear_a i_o confess_v but_o when_o we_o will_v a_o little_a near_o look_v into_o it_o and_o consider_v how_o it_o be_v do_v there_o i_o think_v we_o be_v at_o a_o loss_n both_o in_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o and_o can_v as_o little_o understand_v how_o the_o part_n of_o body_n cohere_v as_o how_o we_o ourselves_o perceive_v or_o move_v i_o will_v have_v any_o one_o intelligible_o explain_v to_o i_o how_o the_o part_n of_o gold_n or_o brass_n that_o but_o now_o in_o fusion_n be_v as_o loose_v from_o one_o another_o as_o the_o particle_n of_o water_n or_o the_o sand_n of_o a_o hourglass_n come_v in_o a_o few_o moment_n to_o be_v so_o unite_v and_o adhere_v so_o strong_o one_o to_o another_o that_o the_o utmost_a force_n of_o man_n arm_n can_v separate_v they_o a_o consider_v man_n will_v i_o suppose_v be_v here_o at_o a_o loss_n to_o satisfy_v his_o own_o or_o another_o man_n understanding_n §_o 26._o the_o little_a body_n that_o compose_v that_o fluid_a we_o call_v water_n be_v so_o extreme_o small_a that_o i_o have_v never_o hear_v of_o any_o one_o who_o by_o a_o microscope_n and_o yet_o i_o have_v hear_v of_o some_o that_o have_v magnify_v to_o 10000_o nay_o to_o much_o above_o 100,000_o time_n pretend_v to_o perceive_v their_o distinct_a bulk_n figure_n or_o motion_n and_o the_o particle_n of_o water_n be_v also_o so_o perfect_o loose_v one_o from_o another_o that_o the_o least_o force_n sensible_o separate_v they_o nay_o if_o we_o consider_v their_o perpetual_a motion_n we_o must_v allow_v they_o to_o have_v no_o cohesion_n one_o with_o another_o and_o yâ—t_o let_v but_o a_o sharp_a cold_a come_v and_o they_o unite_v they_o consolidate_n these_o little_a atom_n cohere_v and_o be_v not_o without_o great_a force_n separable_a he_o that_o can_v find_v the_o bond_n that_o tie_v these_o heap_n of_o loose_a little_a body_n together_o so_o firm_o he_o that_o can_v make_v know_v the_o cement_n that_o make_v they_o stick_v so_o fast_o one_o to_o another_o will_v discover_v a_o great_a and_o yet_o unknown_a secret_n and_o yet_o when_o that_o be_v do_v will_v he_o be_v far_o enough_o from_o make_v the_o extension_n of_o body_n which_o be_v the_o cohesion_n of_o its_o solid_a part_n intelligible_a till_o he_o can_v show_v wherein_o consist_v the_o union_n or_o consolidation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o those_o bond_n or_o of_o that_o cement_n or_o of_o the_o least_o particle_n of_o matter_n that_o exist_v whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o this_o primary_n and_o suppose_a obvious_a quality_n of_o body_n will_v be_v find_v when_o examine_v to_o be_v as_o incomprehensible_a as_o any_o thing_n belong_v to_o our_o mind_n and_o a_o solid_a extend_a substance_n as_o hard_o to_o be_v conceive_v as_o a_o thine_a one_o whatever_o difficulty_n some_o will_v raise_v against_o it_o §_o 27._o for_o to_o extend_v our_o thought_n a_o little_a far_o that_o pressure_n which_o be_v bring_v to_o explain_v the_o cohesion_n of_o body_n be_v as_o unintelligible_a as_o the_o cohesion_n itself_o for_o if_o matter_n be_v consider_v as_o no_o doubt_n it_o be_v finite_a let_v any_o one_o send_v his_o contemplation_n to_o the_o extremity_n of_o universe_n and_o there_o see_v what_o conceivable_a hoop_n what_o bond_n he_o can_v imagine_v to_o hold_v this_o mass_n of_o matter_n in_o so_o close_a a_o pressure_n together_o from_o whence_o steel_n have_v its_o firmness_n and_o the_o part_n of_o a_o diamond_n their_o hardness_n and_o indissolubility_n if_o matter_n be_v finite_a it_o must_v have_v its_o extreme_n and_o there_o must_v be_v something_o to_o hinder_v it_o from_o scatter_v asunder_o if_o to_o avoid_v this_o difficulty_n any_o one_o will_v throw_v himself_o into_o the_o supposition_n and_o abyss_n of_o infinite_a matter_n let_v he_o consider_v what_o light_n he_o thereby_o bring_v to_o the_o cohesion_n of_o body_n and_o whether_o he_o be_v ever_o the_o near_a make_v it_o intelligible_a by_o resolve_v it_o into_o a_o
absolute_a because_o they_o neither_o signify_v nor_o intimate_v any_o thing_n but_o what_o do_v or_o be_v suppose_v real_o to_o exist_v in_o the_o man_n thus_o denominate_v but_o father_n brother_n king_n husband_n blacker_n merry_a etc._n etc._n be_v word_n which_o together_o with_o the_o thing_n they_o denominate_v imply_v also_o something_o else_o separate_a and_o exterior_a to_o the_o existence_n of_o that_o thing_n §_o 11._o have_v lay_v down_o these_o premise_n concern_v relation_n in_o general_n i_o shall_v now_o proceed_v to_o show_v in_o some_o instance_n how_o all_o the_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o relation_n be_v make_v up_o as_o the_o other_o be_v only_o of_o simple_a idea_n and_o that_o they_o all_o how_o refine_v or_o remote_a from_o sense_n soever_o they_o seem_v terminate_v at_o last_o in_o simple_a idea_n i_o shall_v begin_v with_o the_o most_o comprehensive_a relation_n wherein_o all_o thing_n that_o do_v or_o can_v exist_v be_v concern_v and_o that_o be_v the_o relation_n of_o cause_n and_o effect_n the_o idea_n whereof_o how_o derive_v from_o the_o two_o fountain_n of_o all_o our_o knowledge_n sensation_n and_o reflection_n i_o shall_v in_o the_o next_o place_n consider_v chap._n xxvi_o of_o cause_n and_o effect_v and_o other_o relation_n §_o 1._o in_o the_o notice_n that_o our_o sense_n take_v of_o the_o constant_a vicissitude_n of_o thing_n we_o can_v but_o observe_v that_o several_a particular_a both_o quality_n and_o substance_n begin_v to_o exist_v and_o that_o they_o receive_v this_o their_o existence_n from_o the_o due_a application_n and_o operation_n of_o some_o other_o be_v from_o this_o observation_n we_o get_v our_o idea_n of_o cause_n and_o effect_n that_o which_o produce_v any_o simple_a or_o complex_fw-la idea_n we_o denote_v by_o the_o general_a name_n cause_n and_o that_o which_o be_v produce_v effect_v thus_o find_v that_o in_o that_o substance_n which_o we_o call_v wax_n fluidity_n which_o be_v a_o simple_a idea_n that_o be_v not_o in_o it_o before_o be_v constant_o produce_v by_o the_o application_n of_o a_o certain_a degree_n of_o heat_n we_o call_v the_o simple_a idea_n of_o heat_n in_o relation_n to_o fluidity_n in_o wax_n the_o cause_n of_o it_o and_o fluidity_n the_o effect_n so_o also_o find_v that_o the_o substance_n wood_n which_o be_v a_o certain_a collection_n of_o simple_a idea_n so_o call_v will_v by_o the_o application_n of_o fire_n be_v turn_v into_o another_o substance_n call_v ash_n i_o e._n another_o complex_fw-la idea_n consist_v of_o a_o collection_n of_o simple_a idea_n quite_o different_a from_o that_o complex_fw-la idea_n which_o we_o call_v wood_n we_o consider_v fire_n in_o relation_n to_o ash_n as_o cause_n and_o the_o ash_n as_o effect_v so_o that_o whatever_o be_v consider_v by_o we_o to_o conduce_v or_o operate_v to_o the_o produce_v any_o particular_a simple_a idea_n or_o collection_n of_o simple_a idea_n whether_o substance_n or_o mode_n which_o do_v not_o before_o exist_v have_v thereby_o in_o our_o mind_n the_o relation_n of_o a_o cause_n and_o so_o be_v denominate_v by_o we_o §_o 2._o have_v thus_o from_o what_o our_o sense_n be_v able_a to_o discover_v in_o the_o operation_n of_o body_n on_o one_o another_o get_v the_o notion_n of_o cause_n and_o effect_v viz._n that_o a_o cause_n be_v that_o which_o make_v any_o other_o thing_n either_o simple_a idea_n substance_n or_o mode_n begin_v to_o be_v and_o a_o effect_n be_v that_o which_o have_v its_o beginning_n from_o some_o other_o thing_n the_o mind_n find_v no_o great_a difficulty_n to_o distinguish_v the_o several_a original_n of_o thing_n into_o two_o sort_n first_o when_o the_o thing_n be_v whole_o make_v new_a so_o that_o no_o part_n thereof_o do_v ever_o exist_v before_o as_o when_o a_o new_a particle_n of_o matter_n do_v begin_v to_o exist_v in_o rerum_fw-la natura_fw-la which_o have_v before_o no_o be_v and_o this_o we_o call_v creation_n second_o when_o a_o thing_n be_v make_v up_o of_o particle_n which_o do_v all_o of_o they_o before_o exist_v but_o that_o very_a thing_n so_o constitute_v of_o pre-existing_a particle_n which_o consider_v altogether_o make_v up_o such_o a_o collection_n of_o simple_a idea_n have_v not_o any_o existence_n before_o as_o this_o man_n this_o egg_n rose_n or_o cherry_n etc._n etc._n and_o this_o when_o refer_v to_o a_o substance_n produce_v in_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o nature_n by_o a_o internal_a principle_n but_o set_v on_o work_n by_o and_o receive_v from_o some_o external_a agent_n or_o cause_n and_o work_v by_o insensible_a way_n which_o we_o perceive_v not_o we_o call_v generation_n when_o the_o cause_n be_v extrinsical_a and_o the_o effect_v produce_v by_o a_o sensible_a separation_n or_o juxta_fw-la position_n of_o discernible_a part_n we_o call_v it_o make_v and_o such_o be_v all_o artificial_a thing_n when_o any_o simple_a idea_n be_v produce_v which_o be_v not_o in_o that_o subject_a before_o we_o call_v it_o alteration_n thus_o a_o man_n be_v generate_v a_o picture_n make_v and_o either_o of_o they_o alter_v when_o any_o new_a sensible_a quality_n or_o simple_a idea_n be_v produce_v in_o either_o of_o they_o which_o be_v not_o there_o before_o and_o the_o thing_n thus_o make_v to_o exist_v which_o be_v not_o there_o before_o be_v effect_n and_o those_o thing_n which_o operate_v to_o the_o existence_n cause_n in_o which_o and_o all_o other_o case_n we_o may_v observe_v that_o the_o notion_n of_o cause_n and_o effect_v have_v its_o rise_n from_o idea_n receive_v by_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n and_o that_o this_o relation_n how_o comprehensive_a soever_o terminate_v at_o last_o in_o they_o for_o to_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o cause_n and_o effect_v it_o suffice_v to_o consider_v any_o simple_a idea_n or_o substance_n as_o beginning_n to_o exist_v by_o the_o operation_n of_o some_o other_o without_o know_v the_o manner_n of_o that_o operation_n §_o 3._o time_n and_o place_n be_v also_o the_o foundation_n of_o very_a large_a relation_n and_o all_o finite_a being_n at_o least_o be_v concern_v in_o they_o but_o have_v already_o show_v in_o another_o place_n how_o we_o get_v these_o idea_n it_o may_v suffice_v here_o to_o intimate_v that_o most_o of_o the_o denomination_n of_o thing_n receive_v from_o time_n be_v only_a relation_n thus_o when_o any_o one_o say_v that_o queen_n elizabeth_n live_v sixty_o nine_o and_o reign_v forty_o five_o year_n these_o word_n import_v only_o the_o relation_n of_o that_o duration_n to_o some_o other_o and_o mean_v no_o more_o but_o this_o that_o the_o duration_n of_o her_o existence_n be_v equal_a to_o sixty_o nine_o and_o the_o duration_n of_o her_o government_n to_o forty_o five_o annual_a revolution_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o so_o be_v all_o word_n answer_v how_o long_o again_o william_n the_o conqueror_n invade_v england_n about_o the_o year_n 1070._o which_o mean_v this_o that_o take_v the_o duration_n from_o our_o saviour_n time_n till_o now_o for_o one_o entire_a great_a length_n of_o time_n it_o show_v at_o what_o distance_n this_o invasion_n be_v from_o the_o two_o extreme_n and_o so_o do_v all_o word_n of_o time_n answer_v to_o the_o question_n when_o which_o show_v only_o the_o distance_n of_o any_o point_n of_o time_n from_o the_o period_n of_o a_o long_a duration_n from_o which_o we_o measure_v and_o to_o which_o we_o thereby_o consider_v it_o as_o relate_v §_o 4_o there_o be_v yet_o beside_o those_o other_o word_n of_o time_n that_o ordinary_o be_v think_v to_o stand_v for_o positive_a idea_n which_o yet_o will_v when_o consider_v be_v find_v to_o be_v relative_a such_o as_o be_v young_a old_a etc._n etc._n which_o include_v and_o intimate_v the_o relation_n any_o thing_n have_v to_o a_o certain_a length_n of_o duration_n whereof_o we_o have_v the_o idea_n in_o our_o mind_n thus_o have_v settle_v in_o our_o thought_n the_o idea_n of_o the_o ordinary_a duration_n of_o a_o man_n to_o be_v seventy_o year_n when_o we_o say_v a_o man_n be_v young_a we_o mean_v that_o his_o age_n be_v yet_o but_o a_o small_a part_n of_o that_o which_o usual_o man_n attain_v to_o and_o when_o we_o denominate_v he_o old_a we_o mean_v that_o his_o duration_n be_v run_v out_o almost_o to_o the_o end_n of_o that_o which_o man_n do_v not_o usual_o exceed_v and_o so_o it_o be_v but_o compare_v the_o particular_a age_n or_o duration_n of_o this_o or_o that_o man_n to_o the_o idea_n of_o that_o duration_n which_o we_o have_v in_o our_o mind_n as_o ordinary_o belong_v to_o that_o sort_n of_o animal_n which_o be_v plain_a in_o the_o application_n of_o these_o name_n to_o other_o thing_n for_o a_o man_n be_v call_v young_a at_o twenty_o year_n and_o very_o young_a at_o seven_o year_n old_a but_o yet_o a_o horse_n we_o call_v old_a at_o twenty_o and_o a_o dog_n at_o seven_o year_n because_o in_o each_o of_o these_o
i_o plain_o perceive_v i_o can_v discover_v the_o far_a i_o can_v go_v be_v only_o to_o presume_v that_o it_o be_v nothing_o but_o body_n its_o real_a essence_n or_o internal_a constitution_n on_o which_o these_o quality_n depend_v can_v be_v nothing_o but_o the_o figure_n size_n and_o connexion_n of_o its_o solid_a part_n of_o neither_o of_o which_o i_o have_v any_o distinct_a perception_n at_o all_o i_o can_v have_v no_o idea_n of_o its_o real_a essence_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o it_o have_v that_o particular_a shine_a yellowness_n a_o great_a weight_n than_o any_o thing_n i_o know_v of_o the_o same_o bulk_n and_o a_o fitness_n to_o have_v its_o colour_n change_v by_o the_o touch_n of_o quicksilver_n if_o any_o one_o will_v say_v that_o the_o real_a essence_n and_o internal_a constitution_n on_o which_o these_o property_n depend_v be_v not_o the_o figure_n size_n and_o arangement_n or_o connexion_n of_o its_o solid_a part_n but_o something_o else_o call_v its_o particular_a form_n i_o be_o far_a from_o have_v any_o idea_n of_o its_o real_a essence_n than_o i_o be_v before_o for_o i_o have_v a_o idea_n of_o figure_n size_n and_o situation_n of_o solid_a part_n in_o general_a though_o i_o have_v none_o of_o the_o particular_a figure_n size_n or_o put_v together_o of_o part_n whereby_o the_o quality_n abovementioned_a be_v produce_v which_o quality_n i_o find_v in_o that_o particular_a parcel_n of_o matter_n that_o be_v on_o my_o finger_n and_o not_o in_o another_o parcel_n of_o matter_n with_o which_o i_o cut_v the_o pen_n i_o write_v with_o but_o when_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o something_o beside_o the_o figure_n size_n and_o posture_n of_o the_o solid_a part_n of_o that_o body_n be_v its_o essence_n something_o call_v substantial_a form_n of_o that_o i_o confess_v i_o have_v no_o idea_n at_o all_o but_o only_o of_o the_o sound_a form_n which_o be_v far_o enough_o from_o a_o idea_n of_o its_o real_a essence_n or_o constitution_n the_o like_a ignorance_n as_o i_o have_v of_o the_o real_a essence_n of_o this_o particular_a substance_n i_o have_v also_o of_o the_o real_a essence_n of_o all_o other_o natural_a one_o of_o which_o essence_n i_o confess_v i_o have_v no_o distinct_a idea_n at_o all_o and_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o suppose_v other_o when_o they_o examine_v their_o own_o knowledge_n will_v find_v in_o themselves_o in_o this_o one_o point_n the_o same_o sort_n of_o ignorance_n §_o 7._o now_o then_o when_o man_n apply_v to_o this_o particular_a parcel_n of_o matter_n on_o my_o finger_n a_o general_a name_n already_o in_o use_n and_o denominate_v it_o gold_n do_v they_o not_o ordinary_o or_o be_v they_o not_o understand_v to_o give_v it_o that_o name_n as_o belong_v to_o a_o particular_a species_n of_o body_n have_v a_o real_a internal_a essence_n by_o have_v of_o which_o essence_n this_o particular_a substance_n come_v to_o be_v of_o that_o species_n and_o to_o be_v call_v by_o that_o name_n if_o it_o be_v so_o as_o it_o be_v plain_a it_o be_v the_o name_n by_o which_o thing_n be_v mark_v as_o have_v that_o essence_n must_v be_v refer_v primary_o to_o that_o essence_n and_o consequent_o the_o idea_n to_o which_o that_o name_n be_v give_v must_v be_v refer_v also_o to_o that_o essence_n and_o be_v intend_v to_o represent_v it_o which_o essence_n since_o they_o who_o so_o use_v the_o name_n know_v not_o their_o idea_n of_o substance_n must_v be_v all_o inadequate_a in_o that_o respect_n as_o not_o contain_v in_o they_o that_o real_a essence_n which_o the_o mind_n intend_v they_o shall_v §_o 8._o second_o those_o who_o neglect_v that_o useless_a supposition_n of_o unknown_a real_a essence_n whereby_o they_o be_v distinguish_v endeavour_v to_o copy_v the_o substance_n that_o exist_v in_o the_o world_n by_o put_v together_o the_o idea_n of_o those_o sensible_a quality_n which_o be_v sound_v co-existing_a in_o they_o though_o they_o come_v much_o near_o a_o likeness_n of_o they_o than_o those_o who_o imagine_v they_o know_v not_o what_o real_a specific_a essence_n yet_o they_o arrive_v not_o at_o perfect_o adequate_a idea_n of_o those_o substance_n they_o will_v thus_o copy_v into_o their_o mind_n nor_o do_v those_o copy_n exact_o and_o full_o contain_v all_o that_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o their_o archetype_n because_o those_o quality_n and_o power_n of_o substance_n whereof_o we_o make_v their_o complex_fw-la idea_n be_v so_o many_o and_o various_a that_o no_o man_n complex_fw-la idea_n contain_v they_o all_o that_o our_o abstract_n idea_n of_o substance_n do_v not_o contain_v in_o they_o all_o the_o simple_a idea_n that_o be_v unite_v in_o the_o thing_n themselves_o be_v evident_a in_o that_o man_n do_v rare_o put_v into_o their_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o any_o substance_n all_o the_o simple_a idea_n they_o do_v know_v to_o exist_v in_o it_o because_o endeavour_v to_o make_v the_o signification_n of_o their_o specific_a name_n as_o clear_v and_o as_o little_a cumbersome_a as_o they_o can_v they_o make_v their_o specific_a idea_n of_o the_o sort_n of_o substance_n for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o a_o few_o of_o those_o simple_a idea_n which_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o they_o but_o these_o have_v no_o original_a precedency_n or_o right_o to_o be_v put_v in_o and_o make_v the_o specific_a idea_n more_o than_o other_o that_o be_v leave_v out_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o both_o these_o way_n our_o idea_n of_o substance_n be_v deficient_a and_o inadequate_a the_o simple_a idea_n whereof_o we_o make_v our_o complex_fw-la one_o of_o substance_n be_v all_o of_o they_o baâ—ing_v only_o the_o figure_n and_o bulk_n of_o some_o sort_n power_n which_o be_v relation_n to_o other_o substancesâ—_n we_o can_v never_o be_v sure_a we_o know_v all_o the_o power_n that_o be_v in_o any_o one_o body_n till_o we_o have_v try_v what_o change_v it_o be_v fit_v to_o give_v to_o or_o receive_v from_o other_o substance_n in_o their_o several_a way_n of_o application_n which_o be_v impossible_a to_o be_v try_v upon_o any_o one_o body_n much_o less_o upon_o all_o it_o be_v impossible_a we_o shall_v have_v adequate_a idea_n of_o any_o substance_n make_v up_o of_o a_o collection_n of_o all_o its_o property_n §_o 9_o whosoever_o first_o light_n on_o a_o parcel_n of_o that_o sort_n of_o substance_n we_o denote_v by_o the_o word_n gold_n can_v not_o rational_o take_v the_o bulk_n and_o figure_n he_o observe_v in_o that_o lump_n to_o depend_v on_o its_o real_a essence_n on_o its_o internal_a constitution_n therefore_o those_o never_o go_v into_o his_o idea_n of_o that_o species_n of_o body_n but_o its_o peculiar_a colour_n perhaps_o and_o weight_n be_v the_o first_o he_o abstract_v from_o it_o to_o make_v the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o that_o species_n which_o bothâ—_n be_v but_o power_n the_o one_o to_o affect_v our_o eye_n after_o such_o a_o manner_n and_o to_o produce_v in_o we_o that_o idea_n we_o call_v yellow_a and_o the_o other_o to_o force_v upward_o any_o other_o body_n of_o equal_a bulk_n they_o be_v put_v into_o a_o pair_n of_o equal_a scale_n one_o against_o another_o another_o perhaps_o add_v to_o these_o the_o idea_n of_o fusibility_n and_o fixedness_n two_o other_o passive_a power_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o operation_n of_o fire_n upon_o it_o another_o its_o ductility_n and_o solubility_n in_o aq._n regia_n two_o other_o power_n relate_v to_o the_o operation_n of_o other_o body_n in_o change_v its_o outward_a figure_n or_o separation_n of_o it_o into_o sensible_a part_n these_o or_o part_n of_o these_o put_v together_o usual_o make_v the_o complex_fw-la idea_n in_o man_n mind_n of_o that_o sort_n of_o body_n we_o call_v gold_n §_o 10._o but_o no_o one_o who_o have_v consider_v the_o property_n of_o body_n in_o general_a or_o this_o sort_n in_o particular_a can_v doubt_v that_o this_o call_v gold_n have_v infinite_a other_o property_n not_o contain_v in_o that_o complex_fw-la idea_n some_o who_o have_v examine_v this_o species_n more_o accurate_o can_v i_o believe_v enumerate_v ten_o time_n as_o many_o property_n in_o gold_n all_o of_o they_o as_o inseparable_a from_o its_o internal_a constitution_n as_o its_o colour_n or_o weight_n and_o it_o be_v probable_a if_o any_o one_o know_v all_o the_o property_n that_o be_v by_o divers_a man_n know_v of_o this_o metal_n there_o will_v a_o hundred_o time_n as_o many_o idea_n go_v to_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o gold_n as_o any_o one_o man_n yet_o have_v in_o he_o and_o yet_o that_o not_o perhaps_o be_v the_o thousand_o part_n of_o what_o be_v to_o be_v discover_v in_o it_o the_o change_n that_o that_o one_o body_n be_v apt_a to_o receive_v and_o make_v in_o other_o body_n upon_o a_o due_a application_n exceed_v far_o not_o only_o what_o we_o know_v but_o what_o we_o be_v apt_a to_o imagine_v which_o will_v
the_o figure_n of_o any_o of_o the_o wheel_n the_o dissolve_v of_o silver_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o gold_n in_o aq_n regius_fw-la and_o not_o vice_n versa_fw-la will_v be_v then_o perhaps_o no_o more_o difficult_a to_o know_v than_o it_o be_v to_o a_o smith_n to_o understand_v why_o the_o turn_n of_o one_o key_n will_v open_v a_o lock_n and_o not_o the_o turn_n of_o another_o but_o whilst_o we_o be_v destitute_a of_o sense_n acute_a enough_o to_o discover_v the_o minute_n particle_n of_o body_n and_o to_o give_v we_o idea_n of_o their_o mechanical_a affection_n we_o must_v be_v content_a to_o be_v ignorant_a of_o their_o property_n and_o way_n of_o operation_n nor_o can_v we_o be_v assure_v about_o they_o any_o far_a than_o some_o few_o trial_n we_o make_v be_v able_a to_o reach_v but_o whether_o they_o will_v succeed_v again_o another_o time_n we_o can_v be_v certain_a this_o hinder_v our_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o universal_a truth_n concern_v natural_a body_n and_o our_o reason_n carry_v we_o herein_o very_o little_a beyond_o particular_a matter_n of_o fact_n §_o 26._o and_o therefore_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o doubt_v that_o how_o far_o soever_o (null)_o industry_n may_v advance_v useful_a and_o experimental_a philosophy_n in_o physical_a thing_n scientifical_a will_n still_o be_v out_o of_o our_o reach_n because_o we_o want_v perfect_a and_o adequate_a idea_n of_o those_o very_a body_n which_o be_v near_a to_o we_o and_o most_o under_o our_o command_n those_o which_o we_o have_v rank_v into_o class_n under_o name_n and_o we_o think_v ourselves_o best_o acquaint_v with_o we_o have_v but_o very_o imperfect_a and_o incomplete_a idea_n of_o distinct_a idea_n of_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o body_n that_o fall_v under_o the_o examination_n of_o our_o sense_n perhaps_o we_o may_v have_v but_o adequate_a idea_n i_o suspect_v we_o have_v not_o of_o any_o one_o among_o they_o and_o though_o the_o former_a of_o these_o will_v serve_v we_o for_o common_a use_n and_o discourse_n yet_o whilst_o we_o want_v the_o latter_a we_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o scientifical_a knowledge_n nor_o shall_v ever_o be_v able_a to_o discover_v general_a instructive_a truth_n concern_v they_o certainty_n and_o demonstration_n be_v thing_n we_o must_v not_o in_o these_o matter_n pretend_v to_o by_o the_o colour_n figure_n taste_n and_o smell_v and_o other_o sensible_a quality_n we_o have_v as_o clear_v and_o distinct_a idea_n of_o sage_n and_o hemlock_n as_o we_o have_v of_o a_o circle_n and_o a_o triangle_n but_o have_v no_o idea_n of_o the_o particular_a primary_n quality_n of_o the_o minute_n part_n of_o either_o of_o these_o plant_n nor_o of_o other_o body_n we_o will_v apply_v they_o to_o we_o can_v tell_v what_o effect_n they_o will_v produce_v nor_o when_o we_o see_v those_o effect_n can_v we_o so_o much_o as_o guess_v much_o less_o know_v their_o manner_n of_o production_n thus_o have_v no_o idea_n of_o the_o particular_a mechanical_a affection_n of_o the_o minute_n part_n of_o body_n that_o be_v within_o our_o view_n and_o reach_v we_o be_v ignorant_a of_o their_o constitution_n power_n and_o operation_n and_o of_o body_n more_o remote_a we_o be_v ignorant_a of_o their_o very_a outward_a shape_v and_o being_n §_o 27._o this_o at_o first_o sight_n will_v show_v we_o how_o disproportionate_a our_o knowledge_n be_v to_o the_o whole_a extent_n even_o of_o material_a being_n to_o which_o if_o we_o add_v the_o consideration_n of_o that_o infinite_a number_n of_o spirit_n that_o may_v be_v and_o probable_o be_v which_o be_v yet_o more_o remote_a from_o our_o knowledge_n whereof_o we_o have_v no_o cognizance_n nor_o can_v frame_v to_o ourselves_o any_o distinct_a idea_n of_o their_o several_a rank_n and_o sort_n we_o shall_v find_v this_o cause_n of_o ignorance_n conceal_v from_o we_o in_o a_o impenetrable_a obscurity_n almost_o the_o whole_a intellectual_a world_n a_o great_a certain_o and_o more_o beautiful_a world_n than_o the_o material_a for_o bate_v some_o very_a few_o and_o those_o if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v they_o superficial_a idea_n which_o spirit_n we_o by_o reflection_n get_v of_o our_o own_o and_o of_o the_o father_n of_o all_o spirit_n the_o eternal_a independent_a author_n of_o they_o and_o we_o and_o all_o thing_n we_o have_v no_o certain_a information_n so_o much_o as_o of_o their_o existence_n but_o by_o revelation_n angel_n of_o all_o sort_n be_v natural_o beyond_o our_o discovery_n and_o all_o those_o intelligence_n whereof_o it_o be_v likely_a there_o be_v more_o order_n than_o of_o corporeal_a substance_n be_v thing_n whereof_o our_o natural_a faculty_n give_v we_o no_o certain_a account_n at_o all_o that_o there_o be_v mind_n and_o think_v being_n in_o other_o man_n as_o well_o as_o himself_o every_o man_n have_v a_o reason_n from_o their_o word_n and_o action_n to_o be_v satisfy_v but_o between_o we_o and_o the_o great_a god_n we_o can_v have_v no_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o any_o spirit_n but_o by_o revelation_n much_o less_o have_v we_o distinct_a idea_n of_o their_o different_a nature_n condition_n state_n power_n and_o several_a constitution_n wherein_o they_o agree_v or_o differ_v from_o one_o another_o and_o from_o we_o and_o therefore_o in_o what_o concern_v their_o different_a species_n and_o property_n we_o be_v under_o a_o absolute_a ignorance_n §_o 28._o second_o what_o a_o small_a part_n of_o the_o substantial_a being_n that_n be_v in_o the_o universe_n the_o want_n of_o idea_n leave_v open_a to_o our_o knowledge_n we_o have_v see_v in_o the_o next_o place_n another_o cause_n of_o ignorance_n of_o no_o less_o moment_n be_v the_o want_n of_o a_o discoverable_a connexion_n between_o those_o idea_n we_o have_v for_o wherever_o we_o want_v that_o we_o be_v utter_o uncapable_a of_o universal_a and_o certain_a knowledge_n and_o be_v as_o in_o the_o former_a case_n leave_v only_o to_o observation_n and_o experiment_n which_o how_o narrow_a and_o confine_v it_o be_v how_o far_o from_o general_a knowledge_n we_o need_v not_o be_v tell_v i_o shall_v give_v some_o few_o instance_n of_o this_o cause_n of_o our_o ignorance_n and_o so_o leave_v it_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o bulk_n figure_n and_o motion_n of_o several_a body_n about_o we_o produce_v in_o we_o several_a sensation_n as_o of_o colour_n sound_n taste_n or_o smell_v pleasure_n and_o pain_n etc._n etc._n those_o mechanical_a affection_n of_o body_n have_v no_o affinity_n at_o all_o with_o these_o idea_n they_o produce_v in_o we_o there_o be_v no_o conceivable_a connexion_n between_o any_o impulse_n of_o any_o sort_n of_o body_n and_o any_o perception_n of_o a_o colour_n or_o smell_v we_o find_v in_o our_o mind_n we_o can_v have_v no_o distinct_a knowledge_n of_o such_o operation_n beyond_o our_o experience_n and_o can_v reason_v no_o otherwise_o about_o they_o than_o as_o the_o effect_n or_o appointment_n of_o a_o infinite_o wise_a agent_n which_o perfect_o surpass_v our_o comprehension_n as_o the_o idea_n of_o sensible_a secundary_a quality_n we_o have_v in_o our_o mind_n can_v by_o we_o be_v no_o way_n deduce_v from_o bodily_a cause_n nor_o any_o correspondence_n or_o connexion_n be_v find_v between_o they_o and_o those_o primary_n quality_n which_o experience_n show_v we_o produce_v they_o in_o we_o so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o opetion_n of_o our_o mind_n upon_o our_o body_n be_v as_o unconceivable_a how_o any_o thought_n shall_v produce_v a_o motion_n in_o body_n be_v as_o remote_a from_o the_o nature_n of_o our_o idea_n as_o how_o any_o body_n shall_v produce_v any_o thought_n in_o the_o mind_n that_o it_o be_v so_o if_o experience_n do_v not_o convince_v we_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o thing_n themselves_o will_v never_o be_v able_a in_o the_o least_o to_o discover_v to_o we_o these_o and_o the_o like_a though_o they_o have_v a_o constant_a and_o regular_a connexion_n in_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o thing_n yet_o that_o connexion_n be_v not_o discoverable_a in_o the_o idea_n themselves_o which_o appear_v to_o have_v no_o necessary_a dependence_n one_o on_o another_o we_o can_v attribute_v their_o connexion_n to_o nothing_o else_o but_o the_o arbitrary_a determination_n of_o that_o alwise_a agent_n who_o have_v make_v they_o to_o be_v and_o to_o operate_v as_o they_o do_v in_o a_o way_n utter_o above_o our_o weak_a understanding_n to_o conceive_v §_o 29._o in_o some_o of_o our_o idea_n there_o be_v certain_a relation_n habitude_n and_o connexion_n so_o visible_o include_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o idea_n themselves_o that_o we_o can_v conceive_v they_o separable_a from_o they_o by_o any_o power_n whatsoever_o and_o in_o these_o only_a we_o be_v capable_a of_o certain_a and_o universal_a knowledge_n thus_o the_o idea_n of_o a_o right-lined_n triangle_n necessary_o carry_v with_o it_o a_o equality_n of_o its_o angle_n to_o two_o right_a one_o
see_v nor_o hear_v of_o any_o such_o thing_n before_o there_o the_o whole_a probability_n rely_v on_o testimony_n and_o as_o the_o relator_n be_v more_o in_o number_n and_o of_o more_o credit_n and_o have_v no_o interest_n to_o speak_v contrary_a to_o the_o truth_n so_o that_o matter_n of_o fact_n be_v like_a to_o find_v more_o or_o less_o belief_n though_o to_o a_o man_n who_o experience_n have_v be_v always_o quite_o contrary_a and_o have_v never_o hear_v of_o any_o thing_n like_o it_o the_o most_o untainted_a credit_n of_o a_o witness_n will_v scarce_o be_v able_a to_o find_v belief_n as_o it_o happen_v to_o a_o dutch_a ambassador_n who_o entertain_v the_o king_n of_o siam_n with_o the_o particularity_n of_o holland_n which_o he_o be_v inquisitive_a after_o among_o other_o thing_n tell_v he_o that_o the_o water_n in_o his_o country_n will_v sometime_o in_o cold_a weather_n be_v so_o hard_a that_o man_n walk_v upon_o it_o and_o that_o it_o will_v bear_v a_o elephant_n if_o he_o be_v there_o to_o which_o the_o king_n reply_v hitherto_o i_o have_v believe_v the_o strange_a thing_n you_o have_v tell_v i_o because_o i_o look_v upon_o you_o as_o a_o sober_a fair_a man_n but_o now_o i_o be_o sure_a you_o lie_v §_o 6._o upon_o these_o ground_n depend_v the_o probability_n of_o any_o proposition_n and_o as_o the_o conformity_n of_o our_o knowledge_n as_o the_o certainty_n of_o observation_n as_o the_o frequency_n and_o constancy_n of_o experience_n and_o the_o number_n and_o credibility_n of_o testimony_n do_v more_o or_o less_o agree_v or_o disagree_v with_o it_o so_o be_v any_o proposition_n in_o itself_o more_o or_o less_o probable_a there_o be_v another_o i_o confess_v which_o though_o by_o itself_o it_o be_v no_o true_a ground_n of_o probability_n yet_o be_v often_o make_v use_n of_o for_o one_o by_o which_o man_n most_o common_o regulate_v their_o assent_n and_o upon_o which_o they_o pin_n their_o faith_n more_o than_o any_o thing_n else_o any_o that_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o other_o though_o there_o can_v be_v a_o more_o dangerous_a thing_n to_o rely_v on_o nor_o more_o likely_a to_o mislead_v one_o since_o there_o be_v much_o more_o falsehood_n and_o error_n among_o man_n than_o truth_n and_o knowledge_n and_o if_o the_o opinion_n and_o persuasion_n of_o other_o who_o we_o know_v and_o think_v well_o of_o be_v a_o ground_n of_o assent_n man_n have_v reason_n to_o be_v heathen_n in_o japan_n mahumetan_n in_o turkey_n papist_n in_o spain_n protestant_n in_o england_n and_o lutheran_n in_o sueden_n but_o of_o this_o wrong_a ground_n of_o assent_n i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v more_o at_o large_a in_o another_o place_n chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o degree_n of_o assent_n §_o 1._o the_o ground_n of_o probability_n we_o have_v lay_v down_o in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n as_o they_o be_v the_o foundation_n on_o which_o our_o assent_n be_v build_v so_o be_v they_o also_o the_o measure_n whereby_o its_o several_a degree_n be_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v regulate_v only_o we_o be_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o whatever_o ground_n of_o probability_n there_o may_v be_v they_o yet_o operate_v no_o far_o on_o the_o mind_n which_o search_v after_o truth_n and_o endeavour_n to_o judge_v right_a than_o they_o appear_v at_o least_o in_o the_o first_o judgement_n or_o search_v that_o the_o mind_n make_v i_o confess_v in_o the_o opinion_n man_n have_v and_o firm_o stick_v to_o in_o the_o world_n their_o assent_n be_v not_o always_o from_o a_o actual_a view_n of_o the_o reason_n that_o at_o first_o prevail_v with_o they_o it_o be_v in_o many_o case_n almost_o impossible_a and_o in_o most_o very_a hard_a even_o for_o those_o who_o have_v very_o admirable_a memory_n to_o retain_v all_o the_o proof_n which_o upon_o a_o due_a examination_n make_v they_o embrace_v that_o side_n of_o the_o question_n it_o suffice_v that_o they_o have_v once_o with_o care_n and_o fairness_n examine_v the_o matter_n as_o far_o as_o they_o can_v and_o that_o they_o have_v search_v into_o all_o the_o particular_n that_o they_o can_v imagine_v to_o give_v any_o light_n to_o the_o question_n and_o with_o the_o best_a of_o their_o skill_n cast_v up_o the_o account_n upon_o the_o whole_a evidence_n and_o thus_o have_v once_o find_v on_o which_o side_n the_o probability_n appear_v to_o they_o after_o as_o full_a and_o exact_a a_o enquiry_n as_o they_o can_v make_v they_o lay_v up_o the_o conclusion_n in_o their_o memory_n as_o a_o truth_n they_o have_v discover_v and_o for_o the_o future_a they_o remain_v satisfy_v with_o the_o testimony_n of_o their_o memory_n that_o this_o be_v the_o opinion_n that_o by_o the_o proof_n they_o have_v once_o see_v of_o it_o deserve_v such_o a_o degree_n of_o their_o assent_n as_o they_o afford_v it_o §_o 2._o this_o be_v all_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o man_n be_v capable_a of_o do_v in_o regulate_v their_o opinion_n and_o judgement_n unless_o a_o man_n will_v exact_v of_o they_o either_o to_o retain_v distinct_o in_o their_o memory_n all_o the_o proof_n concern_v any_o probable_a truth_n and_o that_o too_o in_o the_o same_o order_n and_o regular_a deduction_n of_o consequence_n in_o which_o they_o have_v former_o place_v or_o see_v they_o which_o sometime_o be_v enough_o to_o fill_v a_o large_a volume_n upon_o one_o single_a question_n or_o else_o they_o must_v require_v a_o man_n for_o every_o opinion_n that_o he_o embrace_v every_o day_n to_o examine_v the_o proof_n both_o which_o be_v impossible_a it_o be_v unavoidable_a therefore_o that_o the_o memory_n be_v rely_v on_o in_o the_o case_n and_o that_o man_n be_v persuade_v of_o several_a opinion_n whereof_o the_o proof_n be_v not_o actual_o in_o their_o thought_n nay_o which_o perhaps_o they_o be_v not_o able_a actual_o to_o recall_n without_o this_o the_o great_a part_n of_o man_n must_v be_v either_o very_a sceptic_n or_o change_v every_o moment_n and_o yield_v themselves_o up_o to_o whoever_o have_v late_o study_v the_o question_n offer_v they_o argument_n which_o for_o want_v of_o memory_n they_o be_v not_o able_a present_o to_o answer_v §_o 3._o i_o can_v but_o own_o that_o man_n stick_v to_o their_o past_a judgement_n and_o adhere_v firm_o to_o conclusion_n former_o make_v be_v often_o the_o cause_n of_o great_a obstinacy_n in_o error_n and_o mistake_n but_o the_o fault_n be_v not_o that_o they_o rely_v on_o their_o memory_n for_o what_o they_o have_v before_o well_o judge_v but_o because_o they_o judge_v before_o they_o have_v well_o examine_v may_v we_o not_o find_v a_o great_a number_n not_o to_o say_v the_o great_a part_n of_o man_n that_o think_v they_o have_v form_v right_a judgement_n of_o several_a matter_n and_o that_o for_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o because_o they_o never_o think_v otherwise_o that_o imagine_v themselves_o to_o have_v judge_v right_a only_o because_o they_o never_o question_v never_o examine_v their_o own_o opinion_n which_o be_v indeed_o to_o think_v they_o judge_v right_a because_o they_o never_o judge_v at_o all_o and_o yet_o these_o of_o all_o man_n hold_v their_o opinion_n with_o the_o great_a stiffness_n those_o be_v general_o the_o most_o fierce_a and_o firm_a in_o their_o tenet_n who_o have_v least_o examine_v they_o what_o we_o once_o know_v we_o be_v certain_a be_v so_o and_o we_o may_v be_v secure_a that_o there_o be_v no_o latent_fw-la proof_n undiscovered_a which_o may_v overturn_v our_o knowledge_n or_o bring_v it_o in_o doubt_n but_o in_o matter_n of_o probability_n it_o be_v not_o in_o every_o case_n that_o we_o can_v be_v sure_a that_o we_o have_v all_o the_o particular_n before_o we_o that_o any_o way_n concern_v the_o question_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o evidence_n behind_o and_o yet_o unseen_a which_o may_v cast_v the_o probability_n on_o the_o other_o side_n and_o outweigh_v all_o that_o at_o present_a seem_v to_o preponderate_v with_o we_o who_o almost_o be_v there_o that_o have_v the_o leisure_n patience_n and_o mean_n to_o collect_v together_o all_o the_o proof_n concern_v most_o of_o the_o opinion_n he_o have_v so_o as_o safe_o to_o conclude_v that_o he_o have_v a_o clear_a and_o full_a view_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o more_o to_o be_v allege_v for_o his_o better_a information_n and_o yet_o we_o be_v force_v to_o determine_v ourselves_o on_o the_o one_o side_n or_o other_o the_o conduct_n of_o our_o life_n and_o the_o management_n of_o our_o great_a concern_v will_v not_o bear_v delay_n for_o those_o depend_v for_o the_o most_o part_n on_o the_o determination_n of_o our_o judgement_n in_o point_n wherein_o we_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o certain_a and_o demonstrative_a knowledge_n and_o wherein_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o we_o to_o embrace_v the_o one_o side_n or_o the_o other_o §_o 4._o since_o therefore_o it_o be_v unavoidable_a to_o the_o great_a
both_o for_o the_o enlargement_n of_o our_o knowledge_n and_o regulate_v our_o assent_n for_o it_o have_v to_o do_v both_o in_o knowledge_n and_o opinion_n and_o be_v necessary_a and_o assist_v to_o all_o our_o other_o intellectual_a faculty_n and_o indeed_o contain_v two_o of_o they_o viz._n sagacity_n and_o illation_n by_o the_o one_o it_o find_v out_o and_o by_o the_o other_o it_o so_o order_v the_o intermediate_v idea_n as_o to_o discover_v what_o connexion_n there_o be_v in_o each_o link_n of_o the_o chain_n whereby_o the_o extreme_n be_v hold_v together_o and_o thereby_o as_o it_o be_v to_o draw_v into_o view_n the_o truth_n seek_v for_o which_o be_v that_o we_o call_v illation_n or_o inference_n and_o consist_v in_o nothing_o but_o the_o perception_n of_o the_o connexion_n there_o be_v between_o the_o idea_n in_o each_o step_n of_o the_o deduction_n whereby_o the_o mind_n come_v to_o see_v either_o the_o certain_a agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o any_o two_o idea_n as_o in_o demonstration_n in_o which_o it_o arrive_v at_o knowledge_n or_o their_o probable_a connexion_n on_o which_o it_o give_v or_o withhold_v its_o assent_n as_o in_o opinion_n sense_n and_o intuition_n reach_v but_o a_o very_a little_a way_n the_o great_a part_n of_o our_o knowledge_n depend_v upon_o deduction_n and_o intermediate_v idea_n and_o in_o those_o case_n where_o we_o be_v fain_o to_o substitute_n assent_v instead_o of_o knowledge_n and_o take_v proposition_n for_o true_a without_o be_v certain_a they_o be_v so_o we_o have_v need_v to_o find_v out_o examine_v and_o compare_v the_o ground_n of_o their_o probability_n in_o both_o these_o case_n the_o faculty_n which_o find_v out_o the_o mean_n and_o right_o apply_v they_o to_o discover_v certainty_n in_o the_o one_o and_o probability_n in_o the_o other_o be_v that_o which_o we_o call_v reason_n for_o as_o reason_n perceive_v the_o necessary_a and_o indubitable_a connexion_n of_o all_o the_o idea_n or_o proof_n one_o to_o another_o in_o each_o step_n of_o any_o demonstration_n that_o produce_v knowledge_n so_o it_o likewise_o perceive_v the_o probable_a connexion_n of_o all_o the_o idea_n or_o proof_n one_o to_o another_o in_o every_o step_n of_o a_o discourse_n to_o which_o it_o will_v think_v assent_n due_a this_o be_v the_o low_a degree_n of_o that_o which_o can_v be_v true_o call_v reason_n for_o where_o the_o mind_n do_v not_o perceive_v this_o probable_a connexion_n where_o it_o do_v not_o discern_v whether_o there_o be_v any_o such_o connexion_n or_o no_o their_o man_n opinion_n be_v not_o the_o product_n of_o judgement_n or_o the_o consequence_n of_o reason_n but_o the_o effect_n of_o chance_n and_o hazard_n of_o a_o mind_n float_v at_o all_o adventure_n without_o choice_n and_o without_o direction_n §_o 3._o so_o that_o we_o may_v in_o reason_n consider_v these_o four_o degree_n the_o first_o and_o high_a be_v the_o discover_v and_o find_v out_o of_o proof_n the_o second_o the_o regular_a and_o methodical_a disposition_n of_o they_o and_o lay_v they_o in_o a_o clear_a and_o fit_a order_n to_o make_v their_o connexion_n and_o force_n be_v plain_o and_o easy_o perceive_v the_o three_o be_v the_o perceive_v their_o connexion_n and_o the_o four_o the_o make_v a_o right_a conclusion_n these_o several_a degree_n may_v be_v observe_v in_o any_o mathematical_a demonstration_n it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o perceive_v the_o connexion_n of_o each_o part_n as_o the_o demonstration_n be_v make_v by_o another_o another_o to_o perceive_v the_o dependence_n of_o the_o conclusion_n on_o all_o the_o part_n a_o three_o to_o make_v out_o a_o demonstration_n clear_o and_o neat_o one_o self_n and_o something_o different_a from_o all_o these_o to_o have_v first_o find_v out_o those_o intermediate_v idea_n or_o proof_n by_o which_o it_o be_v make_v §_o 4._o there_o be_v one_o thing_n more_o which_o i_o shall_v desire_v to_o be_v consider_v concern_v reason_n and_o that_o be_v whether_o syllogism_n as_o be_v general_o think_v be_v the_o proper_a instrument_n of_o it_o and_o the_o useful_a way_n of_o exercise_v this_o faculty_n the_o cause_n i_o have_v to_o doubt_v be_v these_o first_o because_o syllogism_n serve_v our_o reason_n but_o in_o one_o only_a of_o the_o forementioned_a part_n of_o it_o and_o that_o be_v to_o show_v the_o connexion_n of_o the_o proof_n in_o any_o one_o instance_n and_o no_o more_o but_o in_o this_o it_o be_v of_o no_o great_a use_n since_o the_o mind_n can_v perceive_v such_o connexion_n where_o it_o real_o be_v as_o easy_o nay_o perhaps_o better_a without_o it_o if_o we_o will_v observe_v the_o act_n of_o our_o own_o mind_n we_o shall_v find_v that_o we_o reason_v best_a and_o clear_a when_o we_o only_o observe_v the_o connexion_n of_o the_o proof_n without_o reduce_v it_o to_o any_o rule_n of_o syllogism_n and_o therefore_o we_o may_v take_v notice_n that_o there_o be_v many_o man_n that_o reason_n exceed_v clear_a and_o right_o who_o know_v not_o how_o to_o make_v a_o syllogism_n he_o that_o will_v look_v into_o many_o part_n of_o asia_n and_o america_n will_v find_v man_n reason_n there_o perhaps_o as_o acute_o as_o himself_o who_o yet_o never_o hear_v of_o a_o syllogism_n nor_o can_v reduce_v any_o one_o argument_n to_o those_o form_n indeed_o sometime_o it_o may_v serve_v to_o discover_v a_o fallacy_n hide_v in_o a_o rhetorical_a flourish_n or_o cunning_o wrap_v up_o in_o a_o smooth_a period_n and_o strip_v a_o absurdity_n of_o the_o cover_n of_o wit_n and_o good_a language_n show_v it_o in_o its_o naked_a deformity_n but_o the_o mind_n be_v not_o teach_v to_o reason_n by_o these_o rule_n it_o have_v a_o native_a faculty_n to_o perceive_v the_o coherence_n or_o incoherence_n of_o its_o idea_n and_o can_v range_v they_o right_o without_o any_o such_o perplex_v repetition_n tell_v a_o country_n gentlewoman_n that_o the_o wind_n be_v south-west_n and_o the_o wether_n lour_a and_o like_a to_o rain_v and_o she_o will_v easy_o understand_v it_o be_v not_o safe_a for_o she_o to_o go_v abroad_o thin_a clad_v in_o such_o a_o day_n after_o a_o fever_n she_o clear_o see_v the_o probable_a connexion_n of_o all_o these_o viz._n south-west-wind_n and_o cloud_n rain_n wet_n take_v cold_a relapse_n and_o danger_n of_o death_n without_o tie_v they_o together_o in_o those_o artificial_a and_o cumbersome_a fetter_n of_o several_a syllogism_n that_o clog_n and_o hinder_v the_o mind_n which_o proceed_v from_o one_o part_n to_o another_o quick_a and_o clear_a without_o they_o and_o the_o probability_n which_o she_o easy_o perceive_v in_o thing_n thus_o in_o their_o native_a state_n will_v be_v quite_o lose_v if_o this_o argument_n be_v manage_v learned_o and_o propose_v in_o mode_n and_o figure_n for_o it_o very_o often_o confound_v the_o connexion_n and_o i_o think_v every_o one_o will_v perceive_v in_o mathematical_a demonstration_n that_o the_o knowledge_n gain_v thereby_o come_v short_a and_o clear_a without_o syllogism_n second_o because_o though_o syllogism_n serve_v to_o show_v the_o force_n or_o fallacy_n of_o a_o argument_n make_v use_v of_o in_o the_o usual_a way_n of_o discourse_v by_o supply_v the_o absent_a proposition_n and_o so_o set_v it_o before_o the_o view_n in_o a_o clear_a light_n yet_o it_o no_o less_o engage_v the_o mind_n in_o the_o perplexity_n of_o obscure_a equivocal_a and_o fallacious_a term_n wherewith_o this_o artificial_a way_n of_o reason_v always_o abound_v it_o be_v adapt_v more_o to_o the_o attain_n of_o victory_n in_o dispute_n than_o the_o discovery_n or_o confirmation_n of_o truth_n in_o fair_a inquiry_n §_o 5._o but_o however_o it_o be_v in_o knowledge_n i_o think_v i_o may_v true_o say_v it_o be_v of_o far_o less_o or_o no_o use_n at_o all_o in_o probability_n for_o the_o assent_n there_o be_v to_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o preponderancy_n after_o a_o due_a weigh_v of_o all_o the_o proof_n with_o all_o circumstance_n on_o both_o side_n nothing_o be_v so_o unfit_a to_o assist_v the_o mind_n in_o that_o as_o syllogism_n which_o run_v away_o with_o one_o assume_v probability_n or_o one_o topical_a argument_n pursue_v that_o till_o it_o have_v lead_v the_o mind_n quite_o out_o of_o sight_n of_o the_o thing_n under_o consideration_n and_o force_v it_o upon_o some_o remote_a difficulty_n hold_v it_o fast_o there_o entangle_v perhaps_o and_o as_o it_o be_v manacle_v in_o the_o chain_n of_o syllogism_n without_o allow_v it_o the_o liberty_n much_o less_o afford_v it_o the_o help_v requisite_a to_o show_v on_o which_o side_n all_o thing_n consider_v be_v the_o great_a probability_n §_o 6._o but_o let_v it_o help_v we_o as_o perhaps_o may_v be_v say_v in_o convince_a man_n of_o their_o error_n or_o mistake_v and_o yet_o i_o will_v fain_o see_v the_o man_n that_o be_v force_v out_o of_o his_o opinion_n by_o dint_n of_o syllogism_n yet_o still_o it_o fail_v our_o
current_a stream_n of_o antiquity_n or_o to_o put_v it_o in_o the_o balance_n against_o that_o of_o some_o learned_a doctor_n or_o otherwise_o approve_a writer_n whoever_o back_v his_o tenet_n with_o such_o authority_n think_v he_o ought_v thereby_o to_o carry_v the_o cause_n and_o be_v ready_a to_o style_v it_o impudence_n in_o any_o one_o who_o shall_v stand_v out_o against_o they_o this_o i_o think_v may_v be_v call_v argumentum_fw-la ad_fw-la verecundiam_fw-la second_o §_o 20._o another_o way_n that_o man_n ordinary_o use_v to_o drive_v other_o and_o force_v they_o to_o submit_v their_o judgement_n and_o receive_v the_o opinion_n in_o debate_n be_v to_o require_v the_o adversary_n to_o admit_v what_o they_o allege_v as_o a_o proof_n or_o to_o assign_v a_o better_a and_o this_o i_o call_v argumentum_fw-la ad_fw-la ignorantiam_fw-la §_o 21._o three_o a_o three_o way_n be_v to_o press_v a_o man_n with_o consequence_n draw_v from_o his_o own_o principle_n or_o concession_n this_o be_v already_o know_v under_o the_o name_n of_o argumentum_fw-la ad_fw-la hominem_fw-la §_o 22._o four_o the_o four_o be_v the_o use_n of_o proof_n draw_v from_o any_o of_o the_o foundation_n of_o knowledge_n or_o probability_n this_o i_o call_v argumentum_fw-la ad_fw-la judicium_fw-la this_o alone_a of_o all_o the_o four_o bring_v true_a instruction_n with_o it_o and_o advance_v we_o in_o our_o way_n to_o knowledge_n for_o 1._o it_o argue_v not_o another_o man_n opinion_n to_o be_v right_a because_o i_o out_o of_o respect_n or_o any_o other_o consideration_n but_o that_o of_o conviction_n will_v not_o contradict_v he_o 2._o it_o prove_v not_o another_o man_n to_o be_v in_o the_o right_a way_n nor_o that_o i_o ought_v to_o take_v the_o same_o with_o he_o because_o i_o know_v not_o a_o better_a 3._o nor_o do_v it_o follow_v that_o another_o man_n be_v in_o the_o right_a way_n because_o he_o have_v show_v i_o that_o i_o be_o in_o the_o wrong_n i_o may_v be_v modest_a and_o therefore_o not_o oppose_v another_o man_n persuasion_n i_o may_v be_v ignorant_a and_o not_o be_v able_a to_o produce_v a_o better_a i_o may_v be_v in_o a_o error_n and_o another_o may_v show_v i_o that_o i_o be_o so_o this_o may_v dispose_v i_o perhaps_o for_o the_o reception_n of_o truth_n but_o help_v i_o not_o to_o it_o that_o must_v come_v from_o proof_n and_o argument_n and_o light_n arise_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n themselves_o and_o not_o from_o my_o shamefacedness_n ignorance_n or_o error_n §_o 23._o by_o what_o have_v be_v before_o say_v of_o reason_n we_o may_v be_v able_a to_o make_v some_o guess_n at_o thâ—_n distinction_n of_o thing_n into_o those_o that_o be_v according_a to_o above_z and_o contrary_a to_o reason_n 1._o according_a to_o reason_n be_v such_o proposition_n who_o truth_n we_o can_v discover_v by_o examine_v and_o trace_v those_o idea_n we_o have_v from_o sensation_n and_o reflection_n and_o by_o natural_a deduction_n find_v to_o be_v true_a or_o probable_a 2._o above_o reason_n be_v such_o proposition_n who_o truth_n or_o probability_n we_o can_v by_o reason_n derive_v from_o those_o principle_n 3._o contrary_n to_o reason_n be_v such_o proposition_n as_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o or_o irreconcilable_a to_o our_o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n thus_o the_o existence_n of_o one_o god_n be_v according_a to_o reason_n the_o existence_n of_o more_o than_o one_o god_n contrary_a to_o reason_n the_o resurrection_n of_o the_o body_n after_o death_n above_o reason_n above_o reason_n also_o may_v be_v take_v in_o a_o double_a sense_n viz._n above_o probability_n or_o above_o certainty_n and_o in_o that_o large_a sense_n also_o contrary_a to_o reason_n be_v i_o suppose_v sometime_o take_v §_o 24._o there_o be_v another_o use_n of_o the_o word_n reason_n wherein_o it_o be_v oppose_v to_o faith_n which_o though_o it_o be_v in_o itself_o a_o very_a improper_a way_n of_o speak_v yet_o common_a use_n have_v so_o authorize_v it_o that_o it_o will_v be_v folly_n either_o to_o oppose_v or_o hope_v to_o remedy_v it_o only_o i_o think_v it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o take_v notice_n that_o however_o faith_n be_v oppose_v to_o reason_n faith_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o firm_a assent_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o if_o it_o be_v regulate_v as_o be_v our_o duty_n can_v be_v afford_v to_o any_o thing_n but_o upon_o good_a reason_n and_o so_o can_v be_v opposite_a to_o it_o he_o that_o believe_v without_o have_v any_o reason_n for_o believe_v may_v be_v in_o love_n with_o his_o own_o fancy_n but_o neither_o seek_v truth_n as_o he_o ought_v nor_o pay_v the_o obedience_n due_a to_o his_o maker_n who_o will_v have_v he_o use_v those_o discern_a faculty_n he_o have_v give_v he_o to_o keep_v he_o out_o of_o mistake_n and_o error_n he_o that_o do_v not_o this_o to_o the_o best_a of_o his_o power_n however_o he_o sometime_o light_v on_o truth_n be_v in_o the_o right_n but_o by_o chance_n and_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o the_o luckiness_n of_o the_o accident_n will_v excuse_v the_o irregularity_n of_o his_o proceed_n this_o at_o least_o be_v certain_a that_o he_o must_v be_v accountable_a for_o whatever_o mistake_v he_o run_v into_o whereas_o he_o that_o make_v use_v of_o the_o light_n and_o faculty_n god_n have_v give_v he_o and_o seek_v sincere_o to_o discover_v truth_n by_o those_o help_n and_o ability_n he_o have_v may_v have_v this_o satisfaction_n in_o do_v his_o duty_n as_o a_o rational_a creature_n that_o though_o he_o shall_v miss_v truth_n he_o will_v not_o miss_v the_o reward_n of_o it_o for_o he_o govern_v his_o assent_n right_a and_o place_n it_o as_o he_o shall_v who_o in_o any_o case_n or_o matter_n whatsoever_o believe_v or_o disbelieve_v according_a as_o reason_n direct_v he_o he_o that_o do_v otherwise_o transgress_v against_o his_o own_o light_n and_o misuse_v the_o faculty_n which_o be_v give_v he_o to_o no_o other_o end_n but_o to_o search_v and_o follow_v the_o clear_a evidence_n and_o great_a probability_n but_o since_o reason_n and_o faith_n be_v by_o some_o man_n oppose_v we_o will_v so_o consider_v they_o in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n chap._n xviii_o of_o faith_n and_o reason_n and_o their_o distinct_a province_n §_o 1._o it_o have_v be_v above_o show_v 1._o that_o we_o be_v of_o necessity_n ignorant_a and_o want_v knowledge_n of_o all_o sort_n where_o we_o want_v idea_n 2._o that_o we_o be_v ignorant_a and_o want_v rational_a knowledge_n where_o we_o want_v proof_n 3._o that_o we_o want_v general_a knowledge_n and_o certainty_n as_o far_o as_o we_o want_v clear_a and_o determine_v specific_a idea_n 4._o that_o we_o want_v probability_n to_o direct_v our_o assent_n in_o matter_n where_o we_o have_v neither_o knowledge_n of_o our_o own_o nor_o testimony_n of_o other_o man_n to_o bottom_v our_o reason_n upon_o from_o these_o thing_n thus_o premise_v i_o think_v we_o may_v come_v to_o lay_v down_o the_o measure_n and_o boundary_n between_o faith_n and_o reason_n the_o want_n whereof_o may_v possible_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n if_o not_o of_o great_a disorder_n yet_o at_o least_o of_o great_a dispute_n and_o perhaps_o mistake_v in_o the_o world_n for_o till_o it_o be_v resolve_v how_o far_o we_o be_v to_o be_v guide_v by_o reason_n and_o how_o far_o by_o faith_n we_o shall_v in_o vain_a dispute_n and_o endeavour_v to_o convince_v one_o another_o in_o matter_n of_o religion_n §_o 2._o i_o find_v every_o sect_n as_o far_o as_o reason_n will_v help_v they_o make_v use_n of_o it_o glad_o and_o where_o it_o fail_v they_o they_o cry_v out_o it_o be_v matter_n of_o faith_n and_o above_o reason_n and_o i_o do_v not_o see_v how_o they_o can_v ever_o be_v convince_v by_o any_o who_o make_v use_v of_o the_o same_o plea_n without_o set_v down_o strict_a boundary_n between_o faith_n and_o reason_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o first_o point_n establish_v in_o all_o question_n where_o faith_n have_v any_o thing_n to_o do_v reason_n therefore_o here_o as_o contradistinguish_v to_o faith_n i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o discovery_n of_o the_o certainty_n or_o probability_n of_o such_o proposition_n or_o truth_n which_o the_o mind_n arrive_v at_o by_o deduction_n make_v from_o such_o idea_n which_o it_o have_v get_v by_o the_o use_n of_o its_o natural_a faculty_n viz._n by_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n i'faith_o on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v the_o assent_n to_o any_o proposition_n not_o thus_o make_v out_o by_o the_o deduction_n of_o reason_n but_o upon_o the_o credit_n of_o the_o proposer_n as_o come_v immediate_o from_o god_n which_o we_o call_v revelation_n §_o 3._o first_o then_o i_o say_v that_o no_o man_n inspire_v by_o god_n can_v by_o any_o revelation_n communicate_v to_o other_o any_o new_a simple_a idea_n which_o they_o have_v not_o before_o from_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n for_o
nominal_a essence_n bound_v the_o species_n 9_o not_o the_o real_a essence_n which_o we_o know_v not_o 10._o not_o substantial_a form_n which_o we_o know_v less_o 11._o that_o the_o nominal_a essence_n be_v that_o whereby_o we_o distinguish_v species_n far_a evident_a from_o spirit_n 12._o whereof_o there_o be_v probable_o numberless_a species_n 13._o the_o nominal_a essence_n that_o of_o the_o species_n prove_v from_o water_n and_o ice_n 14_o 18_o difficulty_n against_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o real_a essence_n 19_o our_o nominal_a essence_n of_o substance_n not_o perfect_a collection_n of_o property_n 21._o but_o such_o a_o collection_n as_o our_o name_n stand_v for_o 22._o our_o abstract_a idea_n be_v to_o we_o the_o measure_n of_o species_n instance_n in_o that_o of_o man._n 23._o species_n not_o distinguish_v by_o generation_n 24._o distinguish_v they_o by_o substantial_a form_n not_o pretend_v to_o but_o in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o world_n substance_n distinguish_v into_o species_n by_o their_o obvious_a appearance_n before_o substantial_a form_n be_v think_v of_o 25._o the_o specific_a essence_n be_v make_v by_o the_o mind_n 26._o therefore_o very_o various_a and_o uncertain_a 27._o but_o not_o so_o arbitrary_o as_o mix_v modes_n 28._o though_o very_o imperfect_a 29._o which_o yet_o serve_v for_o common_a converse_n 30._o but_o make_v several_a essence_n signify_v by_o the_o same_o name_n 31._o the_o more_o general_a our_o idea_n be_v the_o more_o incomplete_a and_o partial_a they_o be_v 32._o this_o all_o accommodate_v to_o the_o end_n of_o speech_n 33._o instance_n in_o cassuary_n 34._o man_n make_v the_o species_n instance_n gold_n 35._o though_o nature_n make_v the_o similitude_n 36._o and_o continue_v it_o in_o the_o raze_n of_o thing_n 37._o each_o abstract_a idea_n be_v a_o essence_n 38._o genera_n and_o species_n in_o order_n to_o name_v instance_n watch_n 39_o species_n of_o artificial_a thing_n less_o confuse_v than_o natural_a 40._o artificial_a thing_n of_o distinct_a species_n 41._o substance_n alone_o have_v proper_a name_n 42._o difficulty_n to_o treat_v of_o word_n with_o word_n 43_o 44._o instance_n of_o mix_a modes_n in_o kineah_n and_o niouph_n 45_o 46._o instance_n of_o substance_n in_o zahab_n 47._o their_o idea_n imperfect_a and_o therefore_o various_a 48._o therefore_o to_o fix_v their_o species_n a_o real_a essence_n be_v suppose_v 49._o which_o supposition_n be_v of_o no_o use_n 50._o conclusion_n chap._n vii_o of_o particle_n sect_n 1._o particle_n connect_v part_n or_o whole_a sentence_n together_o 2._o in_o they_o consist_v the_o art_n of_o well_o speak_v 3_o 4._o they_o show_v what_o relation_n the_o mind_n give_v to_o its_o own_o thought_n 5._o instance_n in_o but._n 6._o this_o matter_n but_o ligh_o touch_v here_o chap._n viii_o of_o abstract_n and_o concrete_a term_n sect_n 1._o abstract_n term_n not_o predicable_a one_o of_o another_o and_o why_o 2._o they_o show_v the_o difference_n of_o our_o idea_n chap._n ix_o of_o the_o imperfection_n of_o word_n sect_n 1._o word_n be_v use_v for_o record_v and_o communicate_v our_o thought_n 2._o any_o word_n will_v serve_v for_o record_v 3._o communication_n by_o word_n civil_a or_o philosophical_a 4._o the_o imperfection_n of_o word_n be_v the_o doubtfulness_n of_o their_o signification_n 5._o cause_n of_o their_o imperfection_n 6._o the_o name_n of_o mix_a modes_n doubtful_a first_o because_o the_o idea_n they_o stand_v for_o be_v so_o complex_fw-la 7._o second_o because_o they_o have_v no_o standard_n 8._o propriety_n not_o a_o sufficient_a remedy_n 9_o the_o way_n of_o learn_v these_o name_n contribute_v also_o to_o their_o doubtfulness_n 10._o hence_o unavoidable_a obscurity_n in_o ancient_a author_n 12._o first_o to_o real_a essence_n that_o can_v be_v know_v 13_o 14._o second_o to_o co-existing_a quality_n which_o be_v know_v but_o imperfect_o 15._o with_o this_o imperfection_n they_o may_v serve_v for_o civil_a but_o not_o well_o for_o philosophical_a use_n 16._o instance_n liquor_n of_o nerve_n 17._o instance_n gold_n 18._o the_o name_n of_o simple_a idea_n the_o least_o doubtful_a 19_o and_o next_o to_o they_o simple_a modes_n 20._o the_o most_o doubtful_a be_v the_o name_n of_o very_o compound_v mix_v modes_n and_o substance_n 21._o why_o this_o imperfection_n charge_v upon_o word_n 22_o 23._o this_o shall_v teach_v we_o moderation_n in_o impose_v our_o own_o sense_n of_o old_a author_n chap._n x._o of_o the_o abuse_n of_o word_n sect_n 1._o abuse_v of_o word_n 2_o 3._o first_o word_n without_o any_o or_o without_o idea_n 4._o occasion_v by_o learning_n name_n before_o the_o idea_n they_o belong_v to_o 5._o second_o unsteady_a application_n of_o they_o 6._o three_o affect_v obscurity_n by_o wrong_a application_n 7._o logic_n and_o dispute_n have_v much_o contribute_v to_o this_o 8._o call_v it_o subtlety_n 9_o this_o learning_n very_o little_a benefit_a society_n 10._o but_o destroy_v the_o instrument_n of_o knowledge_n and_o communication_n 11._o as_o useful_a as_o to_o confound_v the_o sound_n of_o the_o letter_n 12._o this_o art_n have_v perplex_v religion_n and_o justice._n 13._o and_o ought_v not_o to_o pass_v for_o learning_n 14._o four_o abuse_n take_v they_o for_o thing_n 15._o instance_n in_o matter_n 16._o this_o make_v error_n last_v 17._o five_o abuse_v set_v they_o for_o what_o they_o can_v signify_v 18._o v._o g._n put_v they_o for_o the_o real_a essence_n of_o substance_n 19_o hence_o we_o think_v every_o change_n of_o our_o idea_n in_o substance_n not_o to_o change_v the_o specie_fw-la 20._o the_o cause_n of_o this_o abuse_n a_o supposition_n of_o nature_n work_v always_o regular_o 21._o this_o abuse_n contain_v two_o false_a supposition_n 22._o six_o abuse_v a_o supposition_n that_o word_n have_v a_o certain_a and_o evident_a signification_n 23._o the_o end_n of_o language_n first_o to_o convey_v our_o idea_n 24._o second_o to_o do_v it_o with_o quickness_n 25._o three_o therewith_o to_o convey_v the_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n 26_o 31._o how_o man_n word_n fail_v in_o all_o these_o 32._o how_o in_o substance_n 33._o how_o in_o modes_n and_o relation_n 34._o seven_o figurative_a speech_n also_o a_o abuse_n of_o language_n chap._n xi_o of_o the_o remedy_n of_o the_o foregoing_a imperfection_n and_o abuse_n sect_n 1._o they_o be_v worth_a seek_v 2._o be_v not_o easy_a 3._o but_o yet_o necessary_a to_o philosophy_n 4._o misuse_v of_o word_n the_o cause_n of_o great_a error_n 5._o obstinacy_n 6._o and_o wrangle_a 7._o instance_n bat_n and_o bird._n 8._o first_o remedy_n to_o use_v no_o word_n without_o a_o idea_n 9_o second_o have_v distinct_a idea_n annex_v to_o they_o in_o modes_n 10._o and_o distinct_a and_o conformable_a in_o substance_n 11._o three_o propriety_n 12._o four_o to_o make_v know_v their_o meaning_n 13._o and_o that_o three_o way_n 14._o first_o in_o simple_a idea_n by_o synonymous_a term_n or_o show_v 15._o second_o in_o mix_a modes_n by_o definition_n 16._o morality_n capable_a of_o demonstration_n 17._o definition_n can_v make_v moral_a discourse_n clear_a 18._o and_o be_v the_o only_a way_n 19_o three_o in_o substance_n by_o show_v and_o define_v 20_o 21_o idea_n of_o the_o lead_a quality_n of_o substance_n be_v best_a get_v by_o show_v 22._o the_o idea_n of_o their_o power_n best_o by_o definition_n 23._o a_o reflection_n on_o the_o knowledge_n of_o spirit_n 24._o idea_n also_o of_o substance_n must_v be_v conformable_a to_o thing_n 25._o not_o easy_a to_o be_v make_v so_o 26._o five_o remedy_n constancy_n in_o their_o signification_n 27._o where_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v explain_v when_o vary_v book_n iu._n chap._n i._o of_o knowledge_n in_o general_n sect_n 1._o our_o knowledge_n conversant_a about_o our_o idea_n 2._o knowledge_n be_v the_o perception_n of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o two_o idea_n 3._o this_o agreement_n fourfold_a 4._o first_o of_o identity_n or_o diversity_n 5._o second_o relative_n 6._o three_o of_o coexistence_n 7._o four_o of_o real_a existence_n 8._o knowledge_n actual_a or_o habitual_a 9_o habitual_a knowledge_n twofold_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o degree_n of_o our_o knowledge_n sect_n 1._o intuitive_n 2._o demonstrative_a 3._o depend_v on_o proof_n 4._o but_o not_o so_o easy_a 5._o not_o without_o precedent_a doubt_n 6._o not_o so_o clear_a 7._o each_o step_n must_v have_v intuitive_a evidence_n 8._o hence_o the_o mistake_n ex_fw-la praecognitis_fw-la &_o praeconcessis_fw-la 9_o demonstration_n not_o limit_v to_o quantity_n 10_o 13._o why_o it_o have_v be_v so_o think_v 14._o sensitive_a knowledge_n of_o particular_a existence_n 15._o knowledge_n not_o always_o clear_a where_o the_o idea_n be_v so_o chap._n iii_o of_o the_o extent_n of_o (null)_o knowledge_n sect_n 1._o first_o no_o far_o than_o we_o have_v idea_n 2._o second_o no_o far_o than_o we_o can_v perceive_v their_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n 3._o three_o intuitive_a knowledge_n extend_v