or_o else_o that_o as_o the_o curation_n be_v take_v in_o hand_n do_v bring_v more_o discommodity_n and_o also_o a_o more_o grievous_a sickness_n than_o that_o which_o be_v take_v in_o hand_n to_o be_v cure_v as_o when_o we_o go_v about_o to_o cure_v vitiliginem_fw-la antiquam_fw-la lichenas_n hemorroidas_n sinuosa_fw-la ulcera_fw-la and_o the_o old_a fistulas_n cancer_n and_o to_o conclude_v when_o as_o we_o have_v a_o stubborn_a patient_n which_o do_v give_v no_o regard_n to_o the_o surgeon_n that_o govern_v he_o these_o be_v the_o cause_n why_o that_o all_o can_v be_v bring_v to_o their_o health_n by_o art_n in_o like_a manner_n chirurgerie_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n general_o the_o one_o be_v which_o do_v declare_v what_o thing_n belong_v to_o the_o art_n &_o do_v set_v forth_o the_o precept_n wherewith_o the_o workman_n be_v furnish_v may_v work_v right_o this_o part_n the_o greek_n do_v call_v theoreticon_n &_o we_o do_v call_v it_o theorica_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o learned_a or_o speculative_a part_n the_o other_o do_v follow_v that_o &_o do_v perform_v in_o effect_n that_o precept_n of_o the_o former_a &_o it_o be_v call_v in_o greek_a practica_fw-la or_o rather_o poetica_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o bringer_n of_o thing_n to_o pass_v for_o it_o whole_o do_v consist_v in_o do_v and_o bring_v to_o effect_v and_o see_v that_o the_o whole_a art_n do_v depend_v of_o these_o we_o may_v with_o good_a cause_n think_v chirurgerie_n worthy_a to_o be_v call_v a_o art_n as_o who_o end_n be_v affection_n and_o work_v for_o she_o do_v exercise_v all_o her_o property_n either_o in_o soft_a member_n or_o in_o hard_a part_n the_o soft_a part_n be_v those_o which_o have_v their_o beginning_n of_o blood_n and_o be_v call_v fleshy_a and_o the_o hard_a part_n do_v spring_n of_o seed_n and_o chirurgerie_n do_v exercise_v her_o faculty_n in_o those_o part_n by_o incision_n by_o cut_v or_o by_o take_v away_o by_o reposition_n and_o adustion_n and_o true_o of_o this_o art_n there_o be_v certain_a other_o more_o special_a part_n as_o those_o about_o the_o which_o the_o art_n itself_o be_v special_o occupy_v that_o be_v to_o say_v tumour_n against_o nature_n wound_n ulcer_n fracture_n and_o luxation_n therefore_o as_o there_o be_v five_o part_n which_o the_o art_n do_v entreat_v of_o so_o there_o be_v five_o part_n of_o chirurgerie_n in_o the_o whole_a as_o which_o do_v teach_v we_o to_o cure_v tumor_n which_o wound_n and_o which_o ulcer_n and_o which_o can_v put_v fracture_n and_o luxation_n in_o their_o proper_a place_n but_o the_o end_n whereunto_o chirurgerie_n direct_v all_o his_o action_n and_o provision_n be_v the_o ablation_n and_o take_v away_o of_o those_o sickness_n which_o may_v be_v cure_v by_o ministration_n of_o convenient_a medicine_n with_o the_o hand_n &_o to_o restore_v the_o sick_a unto_o his_o health_n which_o end_n true_o the_o workman_n can_v always_o obtain_v unto_o for_o those_o cause_n which_o we_o declare_v before_o see_v that_o it_o be_v not_o in_o his_o power_n to_o cure_v every_o sickness_n and_o this_o long_a art_n vaunt_v herself_o unto_o the_o famous_a company_n of_o excellent_a and_o noble_a author_n worthy_a of_o great_a renown_n in_o who_o register_n that_o divine_a man_n hypocrates_n the_o patron_n and_o defender_n of_o the_o noble_a art_n of_o medicine_n do_v of_o very_a right_n challenge_v to_o himself_o the_o chief_a place_n by_o who_o mean_a this_o part_n of_o medicine_n be_v better_a declare_v than_o it_o be_v before_o his_o time_n the_o which_o thing_n the_o divine_a monument_n which_o he_o leave_v to_o his_o posterity_n do_v witness_n i_o do_v mean_v his_o book_n wherein_o he_o do_v speak_v of_o the_o wound_n of_o the_o head_n of_o fracture_n of_o the_o limb_n of_o ulcer_n of_o fistules_fw-la of_o the_o emorode_n and_o of_o the_o furniture_n of_o chirurgerie_n and_o of_o cut_v out_o of_o the_o anathomy_n furthermore_o chirurgerie_n béeinge_v as_o it_o be_v divide_v at_o length_n from_o the_o other_o have_v choose_v unto_o herself_o a_o proper_a place_n and_o begin_v to_o have_v her_o proper_a professor_n for_o in_o the_o time_n of_o old_a writer_n &_o in_o the_o flourish_a age_n of_o hypocrates_n chirurgia_fw-la be_v not_o divide_v from_o the_o other_o part_n of_o medicine_n for_o they_o be_v then_o both_o physician_n and_o surgeon_n and_o philoxenus_n declare_v it_o to_o have_v flourish_v in_o egypt_n which_o have_v set_v forth_o and_o garnish_v this_o art_n in_o many_o volume_n and_o after_o he_o gorgias_n sostratus_n hieron_n and_o the_o two_o apollonij_n amomus_fw-la alexandrinus_n and_o many_o other_o excellent_a man_n and_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o there_o be_v no_o mean_a professor_n of_o the_o same_o art_n at_o rome_n as_o the_o ancient_a father_n tryphon_n euelpistus_fw-la and_o meges_n the_o most_o excellent_a of_o all_o as_o celsus_n write_v but_o how_o much_o galen_n excel_v in_o restore_v and_o enrich_v this_o part_n of_o medicine_n his_o learned_a commentary_n upon_o the_o book_n of_o hypocrates_n wherein_o he_o do_v declare_v of_o the_o art_n of_o medicine_n and_o upon_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr articulis_fw-la &_o de_fw-la fracturis_fw-la and_o moreover_o his_o six_o book_n of_o the_o first_o method_n of_o cure_v call_v therapeuticon_n and_o the_o last_o two_o of_o the_o same_o the_o two_o also_o de_fw-fr arte_fw-la curativa_fw-la ad_fw-la glauconem_fw-la his_o book_n de_fw-fr tumoribus_fw-la preter_fw-la naturam_fw-la &_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr compositione_n medicamentorum_fw-la secundum_fw-la genera_fw-la do_v testify_v abundant_o moreover_o paulus_n oegeneta_fw-la ought_v great_o to_o be_v commend_v who_o in_o a_o method_n compendious_a but_o yet_o most_o exact_a have_v comprehend_v all_o chirurgerie_n both_o in_o his_o four_o book_n and_o also_o in_o his_o sixth_o furthermore_o auicenna_n rasius_fw-la albucasis_n and_o haliabbas_n be_v of_o the_o school_n of_o the_o arabian_n have_v entreat_v most_o diligent_o of_o the_o art_n of_o chirurgerie_n as_o auicenna_n in_o his_o four_o canon_n and_o the_o three_o four_o and_o fifte_v féen_v also_o rasus_fw-la in_o his_o seven_o book_n to_o almanser_n the_o king_n albucasis_n in_o a_o whole_a volume_n haliabbas_n in_o his_o nine_o book_n of_o practice_n of_o the_o regal_a disposition_n neither_o have_v she_o lack_v her_o honour_n of_o latin_n celsus_n and_o plinius_n captain_n who_o with_o great_a beauty_n and_o like_o dignity_n have_v entreat_v brief_o of_o this_o part_n why_o shall_v i_o pass_v over_o guydo_o de_fw-fr gauliaco_fw-it who_o only_o among_o the_o french_a we_o have_v know_v to_o have_v entreat_v very_o well_o of_o chirurgerie_n if_o you_o regard_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o art_n we_o may_v true_o gather_v by_o his_o rude_a speech_n that_o he_o want_v only_o such_o happy_a time_n wherein_o he_o can_v not_o come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o greek_a tongue_n nor_o to_o the_o pure_a eloquence_n of_o the_o latin_a tongue_n while_o at_o that_o time_n ignorance_n and_o barbarousness_n exercise_v tyranny_n over_o good_a learning_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o in_o rehearse_v the_o place_n of_o galen_n the_o truth_n of_o the_o author_n be_v much_o desire_v but_o if_o god_n grant_v i_o life_n i_o will_v divide_v those_o place_n of_o the_o art_n of_o medicine_n from_o the_o common_a place_n i_o trust_v that_o i_o shall_v help_v guido_n and_o i_o will_v of_o a_o barbarous_a and_o impure_a writer_n make_v he_o a_o fine_a and_o eloquent_a latinist_n &_o restore_v he_o to_o his_o beauty_n &_o which_o our_o friend_n siluius_n have_v perform_v in_o correct_v mesueus_n the_o same_o do_v i_o faithful_o promise_v to_o the_o studious_a to_o multiply_v in_o repair_v of_o guido_n if_o god_n prosper_v our_o endeavour_n although_o perhaps_o without_o meet_a or_o equal_a thanks_o yet_o shall_v i_o do_v it_o with_o due_a labour_n and_o good_a will_n but_o now_o i_o will_v return_v to_o my_o purpose_n for_o many_o famous_a man_n and_o author_n most_o worthy_a of_o favourable_a commendation_n have_v set_v forth_o this_o art_n among_o the_o which_o guido_n vigonius_n and_o among_o the_o man_n of_o this_o age_n tagaltius_n be_v my_o fellow_n in_o office_n and_o my_o companion_n in_o my_o study_n have_v do_v great_a thing_n and_o worthy_a of_o praise_n in_o amplify_a and_o garnish_v this_o part_n whereby_o it_o may_v be_v gather_v how_o much_o be_v unto_o this_o art_n to_o be_v attribute_v which_o so_o many_o renown_a have_v each_o one_o in_o his_o work_n and_o monument_n set_v forth_o increase_v and_o enrich_v that_o man_n may_v know_v it_o to_o be_v most_o profible_a and_o in_o effect_n most_o evident_a among_o all_o the_o part_n of_o medicine_n now_o must_v we_o show_v what_o be_v the_o duty_n and_o office_n of_o a_o chirurgeon_n and_o how_o he_o shall_v enterprise_v the_o same_o for_o there_o be_v three_o chief_a point_n
certain_a work_n of_o galens_n call_v methodus_fw-la medendi_fw-la with_o a_o brief_a declaration_n of_o the_o worthy_a art_n of_o medicine_n the_o office_n of_o a_o chirurgeon_n and_o a_o epitome_n of_o the_o three_o book_n of_o galen_n of_o natural_a faculty_n all_o translate_v into_o english_a by_o thomas_n gale_n master_n in_o chirurgerie_n at_o london_n print_v by_o thomas_n east_n dwell_v between_o paul_n wharfe_n and_o baynard_n castle_n 1586._o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a sir_n henry_n nevell_n knight_n lord_n a_o burgavene_n and_o his_o singular_a good_a lord_n etc._n etc._n forsmuch_o my_o singular_a good_a lord_n as_o i_o have_v perceive_v you_o to_o be_v natural_o incline_v to_o the_o art_n of_o medicine_n and_o chief_o to_o have_v understanding_n in_o that_o part_n which_o be_v common_o call_v chirurgerie_n i_o have_v not_o be_v a_o little_a careful_a since_o my_o acquaintance_n with_o your_o lordship_n to_o further_o you_o in_o the_o same_o study_n even_o to_o the_o uttermost_a of_o my_o power_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o you_o have_v so_o profit_v not_o only_o in_o the_o theorike_a part_n but_o also_o in_o the_o practic_n i_o have_v think_v all_o my_o pain_n &_o labour_n well_o bestow_v and_o although_o i_o shall_v hold_v my_o peace_n and_o say_v nothing_o herein_o yet_o a_o great_a number_n of_o poor_a man_n and_o other_o which_o have_v be_v cure_v of_o your_o lordship_n of_o many_o sundry_a grief_n and_o disease_n will_v set_v abroad_o and_o bewray_v your_o notorious_a and_o charitable_a deed_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o your_o honour_n have_v better_a understanding_n in_o this_o worthy_a art_n than_o a_o great_a many_o of_o those_o which_o take_v upon_o they_o the_o name_n of_o surgeon_n i_o may_v very_o well_o say_v the_o most_o part_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o your_o lordship_n bear_v such_o a_o singular_a love_n unto_o the_o same_o art_n i_o be_o therefore_o move_v to_o dedicate_v these_o my_o simple_a travail_n unto_o your_o honour_n to_o be_v the_o patron_n and_o defender_n thereof_o for_o i_o do_v perceive_v that_o now_o in_o our_o time_n no_o good_a enterprise_n can_v be_v go_v about_o but_o false_a detraction_n and_o envy_n be_v like_a to_o overthrow_v the_o same_o which_o have_v move_v i_o for_o as_o much_o as_o you_o be_v a_o noble_a man_n the_o rather_o to_o dedicate_v my_o travail_n unto_o your_o honour_n to_o be_v my_o aid_n and_o succour_v in_o the_o defend_n of_o this_o my_o small_a travail_n which_o i_o protest_v i_o have_v not_o take_v in_o hand_n neither_o for_o vain_a glory_n neither_o yet_o for_o any_o worldly_a profit_n or_o gain_v for_o since_o the_o first_o time_n that_o i_o begin_v to_o set_v out_o any_o part_n of_o this_o art_n in_o our_o english_a tongue_n i_o have_v both_o sustain_v great_a displeasure_n and_o also_o lose_v many_o profit_n of_o those_o which_o be_v in_o time_n past_o my_o special_a friend_n and_o the_o great_a matter_n that_o they_o have_v to_o say_v against_o i_o be_v only_o that_o i_o go_v about_o to_o make_v every_o body_n cunning_a in_o the_o art_n of_o medicine_n with_o set_v forth_o of_o these_o my_o work_n in_o the_o english_a tongue_n but_o if_o it_o shall_v please_v your_o good_a lordship_n to_o understand_v my_o bind_a duty_n first_o to_o almighty_a god_n of_o who_o i_o have_v receive_v the_o talon_n and_o also_o my_o duty_n to_o my_o natural_a country_n who_o i_o ought_v to_o profit_v with_o my_o talon_n according_a to_o the_o say_n of_o our_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n which_o say_v he_o that_o hide_v his_o talon_n in_o the_o ground_n and_o use_v it_o not_o to_o the_o profit_n of_o his_o neighbour_n it_o shall_v be_v take_v from_o he_o again_o wherefore_o my_o good_a lord_n i_o think_v it_o my_o duty_n to_o set_v forth_o these_o thing_n for_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n of_o my_o country_n what_o great_a profit_n may_v come_v unto_o any_o in_o the_o time_n of_o need_n than_o to_o cure_v his_o grievous_a wound_n without_o which_o he_o shall_v present_o die_v to_o cure_v his_o grievous_a sore_n which_o do_v not_o only_o eat_v the_o flesh_n but_o fret_v and_o rot_v in_o sunder_o the_o great_a bone_n with_o most_o vehement_a grief_n and_o pain_n and_o also_o great_a inflammation_n and_o tumor_n against_o nature_n which_o take_v away_o the_o natural_a action_n of_o the_o body_n and_o mole_v it_o with_o most_o vehement_a and_o continual_a pain_n and_o also_o cure_v of_o break_a bone_n and_o bone_n be_v out_o of_o joint_n to_o restore_v they_o into_o their_o natural_a place_n again_o with_o many_o other_o grief_n appertain_v to_o the_o same_o art_n which_o be_v here_o to_o long_o to_o be_v recite_v and_o for_o as_o much_o as_o many_o have_v take_v upon_o they_o the_o curation_n of_o these_o disease_n above_o say_v and_o have_v commit_v many_o great_a error_n for_o lack_n of_o knowledge_n to_o no_o small_a danger_n of_o god_n people_n &_o no_o less_o hurt_v of_o the_o common_a wealth_n i_o have_v think_v it_o therefore_o my_o bind_a duty_n to_o set_v forth_o my_o only_a one_o talon_n in_o further_a of_o knowledge_n even_o as_o the_o poor_a widow_n do_v which_o have_v but_o only_o one_o farthing_n and_o put_v the_o same_o into_o the_o lord_n treasure_n &_o like_v as_o that_o same_o be_v accept_v with_o almighty_a god_n so_o i_o trust_v he_o will_v accept_v this_o my_o good_a will_n according_a to_o the_o knowledge_n which_o he_o have_v give_v i_o so_o that_o at_o the_o last_o day_n i_o trust_v he_o shall_v not_o say_v unto_o i_o thou_o have_v hide_v thy_o talon_n in_o the_o ground_n and_o not_o profit_v therewith_o as_o thou_o shall_v have_v do_v and_o also_o i_o trust_v that_o good_a man_n of_o my_o country_n shall_v have_v no_o cause_n to_o have_v a_o evil_a opinion_n in_o i_o either_o through_o negligence_n or_o idleness_n for_o that_o they_o may_v well_o perceive_v that_o these_o travail_n do_v both_o require_v study_n and_o time_n of_o set_v forth_o now_o my_o singular_a good_a lord_n if_o they_o shall_v say_v it_o be_v not_o good_a because_o it_o be_v in_o the_o english_a tongue_n than_o i_o must_v allege_v unto_o they_o the_o famous_a man_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a setter_n forth_o of_o the_o same_o art_n as_o hypocrates_n and_o galen_n among_o the_o grecian_n whatsoever_o they_o may_v understand_v by_o foreign_a language_n either_o else_o gather_v by_o reason_n or_o by_o experience_n or_o observation_n of_o time_n all_o these_o whatsoever_o they_o be_v they_o do_v write_v they_o in_o greek_a which_o be_v their_o own_o language_n &_o tongue_n to_o that_o end_n they_o may_v the_o better_o be_v understand_v and_o soon_o be_v learn_v also_o in_o like_a manner_n the_o worthy_a arabian_n as_o that_o noble_a king_n avicen_n auerois_fw-mi albucasis_n mesue_n &_o a_o great_a sort_n more_o of_o worthy_a man_n which_o do_v collect_v and_o translate_v many_o noble_a work_n of_o medicine_n out_o of_o the_o greek_a tongue_n the_o ebrue_n tongue_n and_o many_o other_o language_n into_o their_o own_o natural_a tongue_n which_o be_v then_o the_o arabian_a tongue_n in_o like_o manner_n the_o latinist_n be_v no_o less_o diligent_a to_o collect_v and_o gather_v both_o out_o of_o the_o greek_a and_o arabian_a tongue_n &_o write_v it_o in_o their_o own_o tongue_n as_o you_o may_v read_v in_o the_o work_n of_o those_o famous_a man_n plinius_n and_o cornelius_n celsus_n with_o many_o other_o more_o who_o work_n be_v manifest_a at_o this_o present_a day_n if_o these_o worthy_a man_n have_v be_v move_v with_o good_a conscience_n for_o knowledge_n sake_n and_o for_o the_o better_a maintenance_n of_o their_o common_a wealth_n in_o set_v forth_o of_o this_o art_n for_o the_o relief_n comfort_n succour_n help_v and_o health_n of_o those_o that_o be_v sick_a and_o disease_a or_o other_o way_n wound_v or_o hurt_v in_o war_n or_o by_o mischance_n etc._n etc._n why_o shall_v not_o i_o then_o without_o blame_n or_o reproach_n for_o the_o furtherance_n of_o knowledge_n and_o other_o necessary_a thing_n above_o rehearse_v set_v forth_o in_o our_o english_a tongue_n some_o part_n of_o this_o good_a and_o necessary_a art_n for_o the_o instruction_n and_o further_a knowledge_n of_o those_o young_a student_n which_o be_v desirous_a to_o learn_v the_o same_o and_o to_o use_v the_o same_o to_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n in_o the_o time_n of_o necessity_n i_o do_v not_o mean_v that_o honest_a artist_n as_o tailor_n shoemaker_n weaver_n or_o any_o other_o handy_a occupation_n that_o they_o shall_v leave_v their_o art_n wherein_o they_o be_v perfect_a and_o fall_v to_o this_o art_n of_o medicine_n for_o i_o do_v wish_n with_o all_o my_o heart_n that_o politic_a law_n may_v be_v make_v to_o constrain_v every_o man_n to_o follow_v that_o art_n in_o
medicus_n that_o do_v cure_v ulcer_n and_o wound_n therefore_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o mtdicus_n and_o chyrurgus_n be_v indifferent_a name_n for_o those_o that_o profess_v the_o art_n of_o cure_v and_o for_o any_o thing_n that_o i_o can_v perceive_v either_o by_o the_o word_n of_o hippocrates_n or_o galen_n or_o by_o any_o other_o notorious_a and_o famous_a writer_n that_o have_v write_v in_o this_o art_n the_o surgeon_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v forbid_v neither_o the_o minister_a of_o purgation_n nor_o yet_o of_o diet_n for_o as_o much_o as_o they_o be_v their_o chief_a and_o principal_a instrument_n without_o which_o they_o can_v bring_v to_o pass_v their_o desire_a scope_n of_o health_n and_o if_o we_o shall_v speak_v of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o name_n i_o suppose_v the_o name_n of_o chirurgia_fw-la to_o be_v much_o more_o ancient_a than_o the_o name_n of_o physic_n for_o i_o suppose_v physic_n to_o be_v derive_v of_o phisilogia_n which_o word_n do_v signify_v natural_a knowledge_n of_o man_n body_n and_o of_o all_o the_o part_n and_o member_n of_o the_o same_o etc._n etc._n and_o chirurgia_fw-la be_v derive_v of_o chiro_n which_o be_v a_o hand_n or_o as_o we_o may_v say_v a_o ministration_n of_o medicamente_n do_v with_o the_o hand_n unto_o man_n body_n only_o by_o experience_n so_o that_o all_o those_o that_o be_v before_o the_o time_n of_o hippocrates_n be_v account_v but_o as_o experimenter_n and_o to_o follow_v a_o art_n without_o a_o right_a method_n which_o that_o noble_a man_n hippocrates_n perceive_v do_v like_o a_o most_o famous_a philosopher_n according_a to_o reason_n join_v together_o all_o these_o unperfect_a sect_n which_o be_v in_o his_o day_n very_o many_o and_o teach_v they_o one_o perfect_a and_o true_a way_n methodicallie_o to_o work_v and_o also_o certain_a rule_n how_o they_o shall_v learn_v the_o same_o art_n and_o divide_v it_o into_o five_o special_a part_n as_o we_o shall_v declare_v hereafter_o which_o part_n be_v perfect_o understand_v be_v the_o right_a way_n to_o proceed_v to_o the_o curation_n of_o man_n body_n and_o without_o knowledge_n of_o these_o five_o part_n no_o man_n can_v methodicallie_o and_o right_o cure_v any_o ulcer_n wound_n apostume_n or_o any_o other_o disease_n as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o for_o whosoever_o take_v upon_o they_o have_v not_o knowledge_n of_o these_o he_o may_v be_v call_v a_o practiser_n and_o experimenter_n or_o a_o empiric_n as_o the_o most_o part_n of_o our_o surgeon_n may_v be_v call_v that_o be_v not_o learned_a in_o these_o part_n and_o do_v work_v only_o by_o experience_n without_o reason_n but_o those_o that_o understand_v these_o part_n and_o follow_v a_o method_n in_o their_o cure_n whether_o they_o do_v cure_v wound_n tumor_n against_o nature_n apostume_n ulcer_n or_o what_o other_o thing_n so_o ever_o it_o be_v that_o do_v appertain_v to_o the_o art_n of_o cure_v that_o same_o artist_n may_v be_v call_v medicus_n a_o medendo_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o cure_v for_o so_o do_v galen_n name_v he_o in_o his_o three_o and_o four_o book_n de_fw-fr methodo_fw-la medendi_fw-la according_a to_o the_o translation_n of_o that_o learned_a man_n linaker_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o you_o shall_v the_o better_a credit_n the_o worthiness_n of_o this_o art_n of_o chirurgerie_n as_o well_o for_o the_o antiquity_n thereof_o as_o for_o the_o instrument_n appertain_v to_o the_o artist_n i_o have_v here_o set_v forth_o before_o your_o eye_n a_o epistle_n make_v by_o franciscus_n valleriolus_n in_o the_o commendation_n of_o the_o art_n of_o chirurgerie_n which_o valleriolus_n be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o notable_a learned_a man_n in_o the_o art_n of_o medicine_n that_o be_v now_o live_v who_o word_n hereafter_o follow_v the_o office_n of_o a_o chirurgeon_n and_o the_o instrument_n appertain_v unto_o the_o same_o art_n set_v forth_o by_o franciscus_n valleriolus_n medicus_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1562._o it_o be_v common_o know_v &_o i_o have_v show_v it_o before_o that_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o art_n of_o medicine_n be_v that_o which_o cure_v with_o the_o hand_n which_o also_o the_o greek_n do_v call_v kyrurgicon_n for_o the_o manner_n of_o work_v &_o we_o keep_v that_o name_n do_v call_v it_o chirurgia_fw-la this_o part_n as_o it_o be_v count_v among_o the_o old_a writer_n the_o ancient_a so_o true_o both_o for_o the_o magnitude_n and_o for_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o effect_n it_o be_v count_v the_o chiesect_v moreover_o podalirius_n and_o machaon_n be_v the_o first_o author_n of_o that_o art_n as_o it_o be_v suppose_v and_o the_o lawful_a issue_n of_o aesculapius_n the_o father_n of_o the_o art_n of_o medicine_n do_v declare_v the_o ancientness_n thereof_o who_o as_o homer_n write_v follow_v agamemnon_n their_o captain_n in_o the_o trojan_a war_n and_o to_o have_v be_v no_o small_a help_n to_o his_o soldier_n in_o cure_v of_o they_o not_o by_o the_o help_n of_o inward_a medicine_n only_o but_o in_o cure_v diligent_o of_o their_o wound_n with_o iron_n instrument_n and_o with_o other_o fit_a medicine_n thereunto_o appertain_v whereby_o it_o do_v appear_v this_o part_n of_o medicine_n to_o be_v only_o prove_v of_o they_o and_o the_o same_o to_o be_v ancient_a furthermore_o the_o profit_n and_o utility_n thereof_o do_v of_o itself_o manifest_o appear_v by_o the_o curation_n of_o great_a apostume_n of_o wound_n of_o ulcer_n of_o luxation_n and_o of_o fracture_n all_o the_o which_o this_o part_n of_o medicine_n do_v entreat_v of_o exact_o and_o of_o this_o part_n we_o will_v entreat_v in_o this_o chapter_n and_o of_o the_o same_o we_o will_v show_v forth_o these_o thing_n what_o that_o art_n be_v and_o what_o be_v the_o part_n of_o it_o what_o be_v the_o end_n thereof_o who_o be_v the_o author_n what_o the_o office_n and_o duty_n of_o a_o chirurgeon_n be_v what_o be_v his_o instrument_n which_o he_o have_v accustom_v to_o use_v in_o heal_v what_o a_o one_o he_o ought_v for_o to_o be_v and_o to_o conclude_v who_o ought_v to_o be_v account_v the_o best_a chirurgeon_n and_o thus_o we_o will_v finish_v our_o chapter_n chirurgerie_n be_v define_v of_o galen_n to_o be_v a_o certain_a order_n of_o cure_v which_o be_v accomplish_v by_o accustom_a incision_n and_o adustion_n and_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v do_v by_o the_o hand_n moreover_o the_o author_n of_o the_o introductorie_n whosoever_o he_o have_v be_v have_v define_v the_o same_o after_o this_o manner_n as_o they_o do_v proper_o call_v it_o a_o take_v away_o of_o thing_n hurtful_a by_o incision_n and_o concination_n by_o a_o certain_a method_n &_o reason_n in_o like_a manner_n it_o be_v the_o curation_n of_o wound_n and_o ulcer_n which_o be_v administer_v to_o man_n body_n but_o if_o any_o man_n will_v set_v forth_o the_o order_n of_o it_o more_o curious_o and_o express_o he_o will_v call_v it_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o method_n therapeutichon_n which_o do_v cure_v disease_n by_o the_o artificialness_n of_o the_o hand_n by_o adustion_n and_o incision_n and_o by_o cure_v luxation_n and_o by_o put_v break_a bone_n into_o their_o place_n and_o such_o like_a guido_n of_o caliacensia_n have_v so_o define_v that_o it_o may_v be_v a_o science_n which_o may_v both_o teach_v the_o order_n and_o quality_n of_o operation_n chief_o by_o adglutination_n and_o incision_n and_o other_o operation_n of_o that_o kind_n which_o be_v do_v by_o the_o use_n of_o the_o hand_n restore_v man_n to_o their_o health_n as_o much_o as_o be_v possible_a also_o it_o behove_v we_o to_o use_v this_o name_n of_o science_n more_o large_o in_o this_o place_n and_o apply_v it_o unto_o that_o part_n of_o chirurgerie_n which_o do_v profit_n by_o meditation_n of_o precept_n and_o give_v of_o method_n and_o not_o by_o cure_v with_o the_o hand_n for_o it_o be_v manifest_v that_o chirurgerie_n be_v a_o art_n and_o not_o a_o science_n proper_o who_o end_n be_v the_o bring_n to_o effect_n and_o not_o the_o contemplation_n of_o the_o verity_n only_o and_o for_o that_o cause_n aristotle_n will_v have_v the_o same_o worthy_o to_o be_v a_o art_n and_o also_o have_v think_v it_o good_a to_o place_v it_o amongst_o those_o art_n which_o do_v pertain_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o hand_n but_o other_o thing_n be_v put_v in_o the_o definition_n do_v keep_v their_o place_n of_o difference_n in_o like_a manner_n this_o part_n be_v not_o put_v unaduisedlie_o to_o the_o definition_n that_o man_n be_v restore_v to_o their_o health_n as_o much_o as_o be_v possible_a for_o although_o that_o health_n be_v count_v to_o a_o chirurgeon_n for_o a_o perpetual_a scope_n yet_o that_o same_o can_v always_o be_v obtain_v by_o art_n because_o there_o be_v many_o disease_n uncurable_a which_o do_v chance_n either_o because_o they_o be_v such_o by_o their_o own_o nature_n as_o elephantiasis_n
great_o delight_v themselves_o in_o the_o only_a dignity_n of_o the_o art_n not_o know_v what_o it_o mean_v which_o do_v oftentimes_o let_v blood_n their_o poor_a patient_n without_o any_o indication_n or_o council_n of_o one_o learned_a in_o the_o same_o art_n or_o of_o some_o grave_n and_o learned_a physician_n but_o also_o they_o will_v geve_v inward_a medicine_n a_o god_n name_n a_o matter_n true_o most_o worthy_a of_o public_a punishment_n for_o as_o much_o as_o i_o have_v see_v many_o by_o such_o their_o rash_a and_o bold_a enterprise_n bring_v into_o danger_n yea_o and_o some_o have_v i_o see_v miserable_o languish_v and_o deprive_v of_o life_n therefore_o let_v not_o that_o young_a chirurgeon_n which_o will_v be_v esteem_v worthy_a of_o his_o art_n presume_v to_o take_v in_o hand_n these_o thing_n without_o the_o council_n of_o a_o ancient_a master_n learn_v in_o the_o same_o art_n or_o else_o a_o grave_a physician_n such_o a_o one_o which_o be_v learn_v in_o the_o art_n of_o medicine_n the_o matter_n itself_o geve_v also_o such_o liberty_n or_o time_n but_o otherwise_o if_o there_o be_v no_o learned_a master_n present_a or_o that_o any_o present_a necessity_n do_v constrain_v the_o same_o then_o true_o the_o young_a surgeon_n may_v boâ—…t_v blood_n and_o also_o if_o need_v be_v minister_v a_o medicine_n so_o that_o he_o have_v good_a erudition_n judgement_n and_o experience_n moreover_o the_o vnguentes_fw-la where_o with_o the_o chirurgeon_n ought_v to_o be_v furnish_v and_o the_o same_o to_o have_v always_o in_o his_o saluetorie_n as_o these_o vnguentum_fw-la basilicum_fw-la vnguentum_fw-la apostolorum_fw-la vnguentum_fw-la aureum_fw-la vnguentum_fw-la album_fw-la and_o vnguentum_fw-la de_fw-fr althaea_n as_o basilicon_fw-la to_o superate_v and_o materate_v and_o apostolicon_n to_o mundify_v and_o cleanse_v vnguentum_fw-la aureum_fw-la to_o incarnate_a and_o to_o fill_v vnguentum_fw-la album_fw-la to_o cicatrise_v vnguentum_fw-la de_fw-fr althaea_n to_o cease_v dolour_n and_o pain_n and_o to_o make_v soft_a moreover_o as_o for_o emplaster_n powder_n fomentation_n and_o such_o like_a the_o expert_a chirurgeon_n do_v prescribe_v of_o they_o very_o many_o sort_n according_a to_o the_o reason_n of_o cure_v and_o these_o be_v the_o medicinal_a instrument_n pertain_v to_o the_o art_n of_o surgery_n by_o the_o manual_a instrument_n you_o shall_v chief_o understand_v instrument_n of_o iron_n very_o meet_a &_o most_o necessary_a to_o the_o surgeon_n use_v whereof_o some_o be_v to_o make_v incision_n &_o to_o cut_v of_o a_o thing_n other_o some_o be_v to_o draw_v out_o &_o certain_a be_v to_o search_v also_o some_o be_v proper_o to_o stitch_v or_o sow_v and_o other_o some_o to_o make_v adustion_n to_o cut_v or_o make_v incision_n forfices_fw-la novacula_fw-la rasorius_fw-la scalpellum_fw-la chirurgicum_n for_o phlebotomy_n seu_fw-la lancetam_fw-la forsipe_v to_o draw_v out_o call_v common_o tenaculae_fw-la volcellae_fw-la seu_fw-la volcellae_fw-la which_o in_o french_a they_o call_v pinsetta_n the_o crooked_a hook_n uncus_fw-la seu_fw-la uncinus_fw-la and_o that_o iron_n instrument_n which_o the_o grecians_z call_v diocleum_fw-la graphiscum_fw-la be_v apt_a as_o celcus_fw-la write_v to_o draw_v out_o arrow_n for_o to_o search_v we_o do_v fit_o use_v a_o probe_n for_o to_o sow_v a_o néedell_o and_o a_o quill_n be_v proper_o use_v and_o to_o adustion_n diverse_a kind_n of_o cautery_n common_o call_v actual_a be_v occupy_v and_o for_o the_o variable_a mean_n of_o their_o use_n they_o have_v diverse_a figure_n and_o diverse_a name_n for_o some_o be_v sharp_a at_o the_o point_n and_o other_o be_v not_o and_z other_o cauteris_fw-la they_o call_v myrtea_fw-la olivaria_fw-la dactilica_fw-la cultellaria_fw-la so_o call_v of_o the_o similitude_n of_o thing_n which_o these_o instrument_n do_v represent_v for_o the_o cauteris_fw-la call_v mirtia_n do_v imitate_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o leaf_n of_o mirtill_n olivaria_fw-la of_o a_o oliefe_n &_o dactilica_fw-la of_o the_o date_n as_o cultellaria_fw-la do_v represent_v the_o form_n of_o a_o knife_n these_o be_v the_o common_a instrument_n necessary_a for_o surgeon_n there_o be_v certain_a other_o instrument_n proper_a and_o appoint_v to_o certain_a part_n of_o the_o body_n as_o modioli_fw-it which_o the_o common_a surgeon_n call_v trepan_n malleus_fw-la scalpri_fw-la and_o the_o same_o be_v convenient_a to_o scrape_v cut_v or_o pull_v out_o bone_n as_o well_o of_o the_o head_n as_o other_o part_n even_o as_o falx_n be_v proper_a to_o the_o fundament_n speculum_fw-la oris_fw-la to_o the_o mouth_n and_o speculum_fw-la matricis_fw-la to_o the_o matrise_n there_o be_v innumerable_a other_o sort_n of_o instrument_n convenient_a to_o draw_v out_o dart_n gunshot_n &_o other_o infix_v thing_n whereof_o to_o speak_v i_o do_v now_o cease_v and_o will_v prepare_v myself_o to_o set_v out_o a_o chirurgeon_n what_o manner_n a_o man_n the_o best_a chirurgeon_n shall_v be_v which_o thing_n i_o often_o time_n have_v declare_v to_o be_v the_o chief_a effect_n of_o the_o matter_n for_o we_o know_v what_o galen_n have_v say_v of_o the_o physician_n aswell_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr institutione_n artis_fw-la medicinalis_fw-la as_o also_o in_o the_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr naturalibus_fw-la facultatibus_fw-la and_o in_o his_o three_o &_o four_o de_fw-fr methodo_fw-la medendi_fw-la galen_n call_v he_o that_o cure_v wound_n and_o ulcer_n medice_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o physician_n he_o say_v that_o the_o physician_n ought_v to_o be_v prudent_a and_o well_o exercise_v and_o also_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v of_o quick_a nature_n and_o of_o pregnant_a wit_n that_o he_o may_v prompt_o obtain_v all_o thing_n and_o very_o well_o instruct_v in_o learning_n and_o moreover_o appoint_v to_o the_o best_a master_n to_o learn_v of_o and_o one_o endure_v labour_n &_o pain_n a_o great_a lover_n of_o the_o truth_n &_o studious_a and_o most_o déeplie_o understand_v his_o art_n approve_v by_o much_o use_n and_o long_a experience_n and_o all_o this_o say_v i_o must_v be_v apply_v to_o the_o chirurgeon_n which_o will_v be_v most_o excellent_a &_o esteem_v for_o a_o undoubted_a artist_n but_o beside_o these_o there_o be_v certain_a thing_n which_o do_v pertain_v privatlie_o to_o a_o chirurgeon_n as_o to_o the_o manual_a artist_n &_o do_v not_o so_o much_o pertain_v to_o the_o ancient_a master_n of_o the_o art_n of_o medicine_n for_o a_o chirurgeon_n ought_v to_o be_v a_o young_a man_n or_o else_o but_o little_a past_a youth_n that_o be_v between_o the_o same_o and_o ancient_a man_n estate_n for_o the_o age_n flourish_v most_o in_o sense_n &_o strength_n to_o exercise_v right_o whatsoever_o belong_v to_o his_o art_n wherefore_o they_o which_o be_v age_a man_n can_v so_o apt_o bring_v thing_n to_o pass_v which_o art_n require_v for_o the_o imbecility_n of_o their_o sense_n for_o they_o follow_v they_o rather_o by_o counsel_n furthermore_o he_o must_v have_v a_o sure_a and_o strong_a hand_n and_o steadfast_a to_o all_o work_n that_o he_o shall_v do_v whether_o it_o be_v to_o make_v incision_n adustion_n &_o also_o for_o the_o cut_n away_o of_o a_o member_n also_o it_o behoove_v he_o to_o have_v a_o quick_a and_o clear_a eye_n and_o he_o must_v not_o be_v fearful_a of_o mind_n but_o rather_o without_o pity_n if_o he_o do_v intend_v to_o cure_v he_o that_o he_o take_v in_o hand_n furthermore_o neither_o let_v he_o make_v the_o more_o haste_n neither_o let_v he_o cut_v cantery_n or_o cut_v off_o less_o than_o need_n require_v for_o the_o clamour_n or_o cry_v out_o or_o for_o the_o tenderness_n of_o the_o sick_a patient_n but_o let_v he_o do_v all_o thing_n as_o though_o he_o hear_v not_o the_o clamour_n of_o the_o sick_a neither_o let_v his_o mind_n be_v therewith_o any_o thing_n trouble_v and_o we_o have_v declare_v that_o a_o chirurgeon_n ought_v to_o excel_v in_o learning_n for_o therein_o chief_o do_v his_o erudition_n manifest_o appear_v if_o he_o understand_v exact_o both_o the_o theorike_n and_o the_o practic_n part_n that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o know_v thing_n natural_a and_o not_o natural_a and_o also_o those_o that_o be_v against_o nature_n also_o if_o he_o know_v what_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o wound_n ulcer_n fracture_n and_o luxation_n with_o their_o accident_n and_o also_o what_o be_v their_o convenient_a remedy_n and_o how_o to_o remove_v the_o same_o in_o like_a manner_n he_o shall_v excel_v in_o practice_n if_o he_o have_v have_v much_o and_o good_a exercise_n in_o the_o operation_n of_o his_o art_n by_o work_v spéedelie_o trimlie_o and_o ready_o &_o consult_v with_o the_o ancient_a master_n of_o the_o same_o art_n in_o those_o thing_n that_o pertain_v to_o pharmaceuticen_n &_o diateticen_n and_o although_o he_o use_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v search_v out_o by_o reason_n &_o confirm_v by_o frequent_a use_n wherein_o true_o the_o faith_n and_o honesty_n of_o a_o chirurgeon_n seem_v chief_o to_o consist_v the_o chirurgeon_n ought_v to_o
corruption_n breed_v in_o it_o and_o occupi_v the_o space_n that_o be_v between_o the_o lip_n of_o the_o wound_n so_o that_o the_o ruption_n can_v close_v wherefore_o these_o above_o rehearse_v declare_v unto_o we_o all_o cause_n how_o small_a so_o ever_o they_o be_v for_o although_o some_o have_v have_v rigour_n or_o though_o the_o body_n have_v be_v overthrow_v by_o some_o fever_n so_o that_o there_o bathe_v not_o be_v good_a concoction_n or_o that_o it_o have_v be_v defatigate_v and_o weary_v then_o immediate_o there_o shall_v be_v pain_n in_o the_o part_n where_o the_o ruption_n and_o wound_n be_v because_o that_o the_o say_a ruption_n have_v be_v late_o join_v together_o but_o not_o so_o substantial_o because_o of_o time_n wherefore_o it_o follow_v that_o a_o little_a thing_n may_v easy_o part_v they_o &_o fill_v the_o place_n again_o with_o superfluous_a humour_n but_o what_o engender_v in_o such_o wound_n or_o ruption_n nothing_o but_o new_a ecchimosis_n and_o much_o like_a unto_o the_o first_o that_o be_v to_o say_v when_o the_o flesh_n be_v first_o break_v except_o that_o this_o ecchimosis_n that_o be_v new_a of_o more_o and_o corrupt_a matty_a than_o that_o which_o be_v at_o the_o beginning_n which_o come_v of_o blood_n and_o therefore_o now_o this_o be_v more_o easy_o digest_v and_o resolve_v than_o that_o which_o be_v at_o the_o beginning_n and_o thus_o the_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v hitherto_o shall_v suffice_v for_o the_o disputation_n of_o ulcer_n &_o thus_o we_o conclude_v this_o four_o book_n of_o our_o therapeutike_a method_n call_v methodus_fw-la medendi_fw-la finis_fw-la the_o five_o book_n of_o galen_n call_v in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o in_o latin_a methodus_fw-la medendi_fw-la the_o effect_n of_o the_o same_o 1_o the_o curation_n of_o ulcer_n which_o chance_v in_o the_o fleshy_a part_n and_o then_o the_o curation_n of_o ulcer_n in_o the_o instrumental_a part_n 2_o of_o the_o ruption_n of_o a_o vein_n or_o artery_n 3_o how_o a_o flux_n of_o blood_n may_v stay_v by_o derivation_n 4_o the_o medicament_n that_o will_v make_v a_o crust_n which_o do_v much_o to_o the_o stop_n of_o a_o flux_n of_o blood_n 5_o of_o spit_v and_o distillation_n of_o blood_n 6_o the_o curation_n of_o ulcer_n in_o the_o pudend_a place_n 7_o the_o curation_n of_o a_o vein_n or_o divide_a artery_n 8_o the_o reject_v of_o blood_n both_o from_o other_o part_n &_o also_o from_o the_o lung_n the_o first_o chapter_n see_v that_o in_o the_o two_o last_o book_n we_o have_v teach_v how_o any_o shall_v right_o cure_v ulcer_n we_o will_v by_o the_o way_n show_v that_o all_o other_o physician_n which_o use_v the_o art_n not_o search_v out_o the_o element_n of_o those_o simple_a particular_n in_o we_o can_v cure_v any_o thing_n only_o by_o reason_n but_o yet_o lest_o of_o all_o other_o those_o which_o profess_v thessalus_n doctrine_n the_o rest_n which_o be_v by_o mere_a experience_n only_o teach_v suppose_v that_o at_o the_o least_o those_o ulcer_n which_o be_v in_o diverse_a part_n be_v to_o be_v cure_v by_o diverse_a reason_n but_o those_o that_o follow_v thessalus_n as_o their_o captain_n for_o his_o excellent_a wisdom_n think_v that_o every_o ulcer_n in_o what_o part_n of_o the_o body_n so_o ever_o it_o be_v require_v like_o curation_n for_o if_o it_o be_v hollow_a they_o say_v it_o must_v be_v fill_v with_o flesh_n if_o it_o be_v equal_a then_o to_o be_v ciccatrize_v if_o there_o be_v supercrescent_a flesh_n than_o that_o flesh_n must_v be_v diminish_v if_o it_o be_v bloody_a and_o new_a than_o it_o must_v be_v adglutinate_v as_o though_o he_o that_o know_v this_o must_v of_o force_n cure_v right_o or_o that_o this_o reason_n be_v unknowen_a to_o the_o common_a people_n when_o as_o there_o be_v none_o that_o be_v herein_o ignorant_a but_o they_o understand_v not_o how_o the_o hollowness_n be_v to_o be_v fill_v with_o flesh_n neither_o how_o that_o which_o be_v fill_v aught_o to_o be_v ciccatrize_v or_o to_o take_v away_o that_o be_v overmuch_o increase_v or_o to_o join_v together_o that_o which_o be_v pure_a and_o bloody_a without_o hollowness_n such_o work_v true_o be_v proper_o appertain_v to_o the_o art_n of_o medicine_n find_v out_o by_o the_o help_n either_o of_o reason_n or_o experience_n or_o both_o therefore_o repeat_v again_o let_v we_o brief_o overrun_v those_o thing_n whereby_o the_o beginning_n of_o these_o which_o be_v to_o be_v speak_v may_v be_v join_v with_o the_o aid_n of_o those_o which_o we_o have_v already_o set_v out_o we_o have_v declare_v that_o every_o ulcer_n require_v desiccative_a medicine_n but_o that_o which_o have_v hollowness_n beside_o that_o it_o need_v desiccatives_n it_o also_o do_v require_v abstersives_n that_o which_o require_v to_o have_v the_o lip_n join_v together_o such_o be_v a_o green_a wound_n call_v in_o greek_a enema_fw-la do_v ask_v both_o more_o dry_a medicine_n and_o also_o that_o be_v gentle_a astringent_a without_o any_o abstersion_n furthermore_o those_o ulcer_n which_o need_v to_o be_v ciccatrize_v require_v not_o only_o yet_o more_o dry_v medicine_n but_o also_o strong_a astringent_a remedy_n and_o whereas_o there_o be_v supercrescent_a flesh_n against_o nature_n there_o be_v require_v sharp_a and_o abate_v medicine_n such_o of_o necessity_n be_v hot_a and_o dry_a if_o any_o accident_n be_v join_v with_o the_o ulcer_n the_o indication_n of_o curation_n must_v be_v take_v of_o the_o nature_n thereof_o and_o of_o this_o all_o the_o faculty_n of_o medicine_n also_o to_o be_v have_v if_o there_o shall_v superfluous_a matty_a grow_v in_o the_o ulcer_n it_o behoove_v to_o have_v medicine_n which_o shall_v take_v it_o away_o and_o such_o have_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o abstersive_a virtue_n than_o some_o incarnative_a medicine_n have_v also_o if_o there_o be_v see_v more_o copious_a moisture_n there_o be_v need_n of_o a_o medicine_n more_o desiccative_a but_o yet_o not_o to_o exceed_v his_o kind_n and_o if_o the_o medicine_n shall_v be_v glutinative_a it_o ought_v to_o be_v dry_v and_o astringent_a if_o it_o shall_v incarnate_a it_o must_v be_v desiccative_a and_o some_o thing_n abstersive_a and_o so_o in_o all_o other_o as_o be_v already_o declare_v also_o if_o the_o flesh_n subject_n shall_v be_v intemperate_a first_o true_o we_o must_v cure_v this_o intemperatnesse_n that_o which_o be_v dry_a by_o medicine_n humective_a the_o moist_a by_o desiccatives_n also_o that_o which_o be_v hot_a by_o refrigerative_n the_o cold_a by_o medicine_n that_o be_v hot_a and_o if_o by_o conjunction_n of_o two_o quality_n the_o flesh_n be_v intemperate_a it_o must_v be_v cure_v by_o minister_a a_o contrary_a medicine_n which_o have_v double_a quality_n for_o this_o one_o thing_n be_v common_a to_o all_o affect_v against_o nature_n that_o they_o can_v come_v again_o to_o their_o own_o nature_n without_o such_o medicine_n as_o have_v contrary_a quality_n furthermore_o at_o this_o time_n the_o cause_n of_o these_o intemperative_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v whether_o these_o be_v common_a to_o all_o the_o whole_a body_n or_o else_o proper_a of_o some_o part_n which_o shall_v infest_v the_o ulcerate_v member_n by_o society_n the_o greek_n call_v it_o simpathia_n first_o of_o all_o true_o the_o cause_n that_o nourish_v this_o intemperatnesse_n be_v to_o be_v cure_v and_o after_o that_o the_o intemperatnesse_n itself_o which_o be_v now_o make_v for_o this_o indication_n be_v common_a to_o all_o such_o as_o spring_v of_o any_o cause_n we_o have_v also_o declare_v that_o there_o be_v diverse_a indication_n take_v of_o the_o difference_n of_o ulcer_n and_o also_o those_o which_o be_v take_v of_o the_o temparament_n of_o the_o sick_a body_n have_v a_o contrary_a reason_n for_o those_o indication_n see_v they_o be_v take_v of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v against_o nature_n declare_v that_o all_o contrary_a thing_n must_v be_v apply_v these_o indication_n because_o they_o be_v take_v of_o nature_n self_n show_v that_o like_a thing_n must_v be_v use_v for_o if_o how_o much_o the_o part_n be_v dry_a so_o much_o the_o more_o it_o require_v to_o be_v dry_v that_o which_o be_v less_o dry_a be_v less_o to_o be_v dry_v in_o like_a sort_n true_o it_o be_v declare_v in_o make_v hot_a or_o cold_a neither_o have_v we_o let_v pass_v that_o of_o the_o excellency_n of_o the_o member_n or_o contrary_a state_n also_o to_o the_o sharpness_n or_o dulness_n of_o feel_v there_o be_v to_o be_v have_v a_o contrary_a scope_n of_o cure_v the_o second_o chapter_n therefore_o we_o will_v now_o consider_v that_o which_o remain_v of_o the_o curation_n of_o this_o kind_n of_o infirmity_n we_o call_v this_o kind_n for_o more_o evident_a doctrine_n sake_n solution_n of_o unity_n neither_o be_v it_o any_o matter_n if_o thou_o call_v it_o solution_n of_o continuitie_n this_o kind_n do_v not_o only_o
from_o the_o sea_n or_o somewhat_o more_o the_o place_n itself_o towards_o the_o sea_n for_o tabia_n be_v in_o the_o low_a strait_n which_o be_v betwixt_o surrentum_n and_o naplis_n but_o more_o one_o the_o side_n towards_o surrentum_n furthermore_o all_o that_o side_n of_o the_o hill_n be_v of_o good_a bigness_n stretch_v in_o length_n to_o the_o sea_n tirrhenum_n this_o hill_n do_v a_o little_a bend_n toward_o the_o west_n neither_o go_v it_o whole_o toward_o the_o south_n therefore_o this_o hill_n do_v keep_v the_o straight_o free_a from_o the_o wind_n which_o blow_v from_o the_o east_n eurus_n subsolanus_fw-la and_o boreas_n there_o be_v join_v to_o this_o in_o the_o low_a of_o the_o straight_o another_o big_a hill_n which_o the_o ancient_a roman_n in_o their_o history_n and_o those_o also_o that_o be_v now_o diligent_a call_v veswium_fw-la now_o veswium_fw-la be_v a_o a_o famous_a and_o new_a name_n and_o know_v to_o all_o man_n for_o the_o fire_n send_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n in_o it_o which_o thing_n do_v not_o as_o i_o think_v help_v to_o the_o dryness_n of_o the_o air_n and_o that_o beside_o the_o fire_n there_o be_v not_o in_o all_o the_o straight_a either_o stand_a water_n marish_a or_o flood_n of_o any_o account_n this_o veswius_n hill_n be_v towards_o all_o those_o wind_n which_o blow_n from_o the_o north_n towards_o the_o eastuall_a set_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o much_o ash_n come_v from_o it_o even_o to_o the_o sea_n be_v the_o ash_n of_o that_o burn_v in_o the_o hill_n and_o of_o that_o which_o yet_o be_v burn_v all_o these_o make_v the_o air_n dry_a sure_o there_o may_v be_v the_o like_a dry_a hill_n in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n find_v that_o be_v not_o far_o from_o the_o sea_n neither_o yet_o so_o big_a that_o it_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o violence_n of_o wind_n nor_o yet_o so_o low_o that_o it_o shall_v receive_v easy_o the_o vapour_n of_o the_o field_n beware_v also_o that_o it_o be_v not_o towards_o the_o north_n so_o shall_v it_o 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consume_v with_o pthoe_n to_o stand_v and_o give_v they_o suck_v unto_o who_o mind_n i_o agree_v both_o for_o that_o it_o be_v natural_a and_o also_o for_o that_o they_o will_v have_v it_o take_v before_o it_o be_v refrigerated_a of_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n furthermore_o let_v this_o be_v to_o thou_o a_o great_a precept_n that_o those_o that_o shall_v have_v need_n to_o drink_v milk_n that_o the_o beast_n stand_v present_a they_o drink_v it_o present_o as_o it_o be_v milk_v put_v honey_n into_o it_o whereas_o it_o curd_v in_o the_o stomach_n or_o if_o thou_o will_v have_v it_o spéedelier_n to_o pass_v into_o the_o belly_n add_v some_o salt_n and_o the_o young_a man_n that_o have_v a_o ulcer_n through_o the_o pestilence_n in_o aspera_fw-la arteria_fw-la be_v cure_v of_o it_o and_o many_o other_o after_o he_o another_o young_a man_n of_o xviij_o year_n in_o age_n when_o as_o he_o be_v vex_v with_o catarrhus_fw-la many_o day_n first_o with_o the_o cough_n he_o void_v blood_n fresh_a but_o not_o much_o after_o that_o a_o piece_n of_o the_o pannicle_n which_o outward_o cover_v all_o aspera_fw-la arteria_fw-la ascend_v unto_o larinx_n it_o seem_v to_o i_o conjecture_v both_o by_o his_o thickness_n and_o feel_v of_o the_o patient_a to_o be_v the_o inward_a tunicle_n of_o larinx_n but_o this_o hurt_v not_o his_o voice_n and_o this_o also_o though_o in_o long_a time_n it_o be_v perfect_o cure_v but_o those_o which_o come_v to_o this_o affect_v through_o the_o pestilence_n seem_v to_o be_v very_o easy_o cure_v for_o that_o his_o whole_a body_n be_v here_o purge_v and_o dry_v for_o that_o many_o of_o they_o do_v vomit_v and_o all_o be_v make_v laxative_a so_o that_o those_o which_o escape_v be_v purge_v they_o have_v black_a pustules_fw-la abundant_o through_o the_o whole_a body_n in_o many_o they_o be_v ulcerous_a but_o in_o all_o they_o be_v dry_a and_o it_o be_v manifest_a to_o many_o that_o behold_v they_o that_o they_o be_v the_o dregs_n of_o the_o blood_n which_o putrify_v in_o the_o fever_n which_o as_o it_o be_v like_o certain_a ash_n nature_n do_v thrust_v out_o to_o the_o skin_n like_a as_o it_o thrust_v out_o many_o other_o superfluity_n but_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o medicine_n for_o these_o exanthemata_fw-la when_o they_o fall_v off_o by_o themselves_o in_o this_o sort_n those_o that_o have_v the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o skin_n ulcerate_v the_o crust_n of_o the_o ulcer_n fall_v off_o and_o the_o part_n under_o it_o be_v almost_o whole_a and_o after_o a_o day_n or_o two_o be_v ciccatrize_v other_o who_o skin_n be_v not_o ulcerate_v the_o exanthemata_fw-la itself_o be_v rough_a and_o scabby_a and_o fall_v away_o like_o a_o certain_a scale_n and_o after_o be_v cure_v therefore_o it_o be_v no_o marvel_n though_o those_o that_o have_v exanthemata_fw-la in_o the_o lung_n be_v cure_v because_o of_o the_o dryness_n of_o the_o ulcer_n the_o which_o before_o we_o have_v show_v that_o the_o purpose_a scope_n of_o curation_n in_o all_o 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not_o only_o the_o man_n sleep_v but_o sit_v and_o rise_v when_o the_o bed_n be_v make_v it_o behove_v to_o bind_v the_o fracture_n with_o a_o safe_a ligature_n which_o may_v exact_o keep_v the_o part_n of_o the_o break_a bone_n together_o but_o for_o that_o loose_a ligature_n suffer_v the_o bone_n to_o move_v that_o which_o be_v too_o straight_o by_o compress_v do_v bring_v dolour_n let_v we_o give_v diligent_a heed_n that_o eschue_v both_o discommodity_n we_o may_v enjoy_v both_o commodity_n which_o we_o shall_v do_v if_o we_o eschew_v extremity_n so_o that_o we_o shall_v not_o make_v the_o ligature_n so_o straight_o that_o it_o compress_v neither_o yet_o so_o easy_a that_o it_o be_v loose_a and_o if_o every_o member_n be_v of_o equal_a thickness_n than_o the_o broad_a roller_n be_v most_o commodious_a because_o it_o shall_v embrace_v all_o the_o break_a bone_n of_o every_o part_n equal_o and_o continentlie_o but_o see_v it_o be_v not_o so_o although_o to_o the_o breast_n thou_o use_v a_o most_o broad_a roller_n thou_o can_v not_o so_o do_v in_o the_o jointe_n and_o neck_n but_o in_o such_o a_o narrow_a roller_n be_v better_a for_o that_o it_o will_v not_o wrinkle_n and_o that_o it_o touch_v the_o skin_n of_o the_o whole_a member_n about_o which_o it_o be_v put_v but_o if_o it_o hold_v the_o fracture_n with_o a_o few_o fold_n it_o be_v not_o without_o danger_n therefore_o how_o much_o sureness_n want_v through_o the_o narrowness_n so_o much_o must_v be_v add_v by_o often_o roll_v about_o and_o by_o deduce_v it_o toward_o the_o sound_n part_n but_o see_v all_o rolling_n which_o do_v constipate_v and_o coarct_v the_o flesh_n without_o dolour_n have_v that_o property_n to_o press_v the_o humour_n out_o
chirurgerie_n be_v not_o only_o to_o know_v the_o name_n of_o sickness_n and_o disease_n but_o the_o name_n of_o every_o particular_a medicament_n as_o well_o simple_a as_o compound_v and_o also_o to_o know_v all_o other_o strange_a term_n appertain_v to_o this_o art_n wherefore_o galen_n in_o this_o book_n of_o tumor_n against_o nature_n have_v take_v great_a pain_n not_o only_o in_o set_v forth_o of_o their_o name_n but_o of_o their_o true_a division_n nature_n and_o disposition_n with_o their_o figure_n form_n and_o humour_n by_o which_o they_o do_v grow_v and_o be_v maintain_v without_o which_o knowledge_n no_o chirurgeon_n can_v either_o right_o cure_v either_o else_o understand_v the_o nature_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o he_o do_v take_v in_o hand_n therefore_o i_o have_v think_v it_o good_a to_o set_v before_o your_o eye_n this_o most_o worthy_a book_n which_o galen_n have_v write_v of_o tumour_n against_o nature_n wherein_o he_o have_v most_o excellent_o set_v forth_o not_o only_o the_o most_o apt_a name_n but_o also_o the_o humour_n that_o the_o same_o tumour_n do_v spring_n of_o for_o like_a as_o he_o have_v declare_v in_o his_o method_n of_o cure_v the_o diversity_n of_o wound_n and_o ulcer_n with_o their_o nature_n form_n and_o property_n and_o also_o with_o their_o accedent_n symptomata_fw-la and_o cause_n yea_o i_o say_v not_o only_o with_o these_o but_o also_o with_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o temperament_n nature_n and_o quality_n of_o every_o medicament_n proper_a for_o their_o remedy_n with_o their_o true_a devision_n and_o name_n to_o that_o end_n that_o every_o one_o of_o they_o may_v be_v exact_o and_o perfect_o know_v from_o other_o and_o for_o the_o better_a understanding_n hereof_o i_o have_v add_v in_o the_o end_n of_o this_o book_n of_o tumour_n against_o nature_n a_o other_o book_n of_o galen_n of_o the_o name_n of_o medicine_n which_o be_v proper_a for_o disease_n which_o i_o have_v think_v very_o meet_v and_o convenient_a for_o you_o to_o understand_v to_o that_o end_n that_o you_o may_v be_v account_v man_n of_o knowledge_n in_o your_o art_n not_o only_o to_o be_v account_v so_o but_o to_o be_v so_o in_o deed_n thus_o take_v my_o leave_n of_o you_o i_o desire_v you_o most_o hearty_o to_o be_v studious_a herein_o and_o so_o be_v you_o shall_v encourage_v i_o further_o to_o proceed_v in_o other_o thing_n of_o this_o art_n which_o may_v be_v much_o for_o your_o profit_n and_o thus_o i_o commit_v you_o to_o the_o almighty_a lord_n who_o illuminate_v you_o with_o knowledge_n of_o this_o most_o worthy_a arte._n your_o love_a brother_n to_o the_o uttermost_a of_o my_o power_n thomas_z gale_n master_n in_o chirurgerie_n an._n domini_fw-la 1563._o mensae_fw-la septembris_fw-la 25._o claudus_n galeni_fw-la de_fw-la tumoribus_fw-la preter_fw-la naturam_fw-la of_o those_o thing_n which_o chance_v to_o man_n body_n one_o thing_n be_v that_o which_o the_o greek_n do_v call_v oncos_fw-la which_o we_o name_v a_o tumour_n or_o swell_a for_o so_o do_v they_o term_v that_o thing_n which_o be_v a_o swell_a or_o a_o distension_n in_o length_n breadth_n and_o deepness_n also_o sometime_o that_o bigness_n which_o be_v above_o nature_n constitution_n they_o do_v call_v oncos_fw-la these_o do_v not_o only_o chance_v unto_o they_o that_o be_v sick_a but_o to_o those_o that_o be_v whole_a also_o for_o corpulent_a person_n and_o woman_n with_o child_n be_v more_o big_a in_o breadth_n and_o thickness_n than_o according_a to_o nature_n and_o yet_o they_o be_v not_o affect_v against_o nature_n as_o we_o have_v say_v in_o other_o place_n the_o other_o tumour_n be_v that_o which_o be_v according_a to_o nature_n constitution_n or_o as_o we_o may_v term_v it_o a_o natural_a tumour_n in_o the_o brawn_n of_o our_o arm_n and_o caufe_fw-fr of_o our_o leg_n which_o be_v in_o a_o mean_a betwixt_o those_o that_o be_v according_a to_o nature_n and_o those_o against_o nature_n for_o corpulent_a body_n &_o also_o lean_a body_n be_v not_o against_o nature_n but_o the_o one_o be_v above_o nature_n constitution_n and_o the_o other_o under_o and_o so_o both_o these_o disposition_n be_v call_v not_o natural_a but_o that_o tumour_n which_o come_v of_o the_o dropsy_n and_o lean_v in_o a_o consumption_n both_o these_o be_v against_o nature_n but_o now_o in_o this_o present_a book_n we_o do_v purpose_n to_o entreat_v of_o those_o tumor_n which_o be_v against_o nature_n which_o do_v not_o only_o occupy_v the_o whole_a body_n but_o also_o may_v chance_v to_o any_o part_n thereof_o so_o that_o it_o be_v always_o determine_v that_o the_o agrevation_n of_o this_o unnatural_a constitution_n be_v against_o nature_n and_o the_o end_n of_o the_o same_o to_o be_v the_o hurt_n of_o the_o natural_a action_n but_o we_o need_v not_o to_o speak_v much_o of_o these_o tumor_n for_o that_o they_o be_v common_o know_v unto_o all_o man_n not_o only_o to_o the_o physician_n but_o to_o all_o other_o person_n the_o other_o tumor_n which_o grow_v of_o immeasurable_a fatness_n and_o flesh_n and_o also_o woman_n be_v with_o child_n do_v make_v those_o which_o be_v above_o nature_n constitution_n and_o we_o consider_v all_o other_o tumor_n which_o be_v according_a to_o nature_n and_o necessary_a for_o the_o make_n of_o our_o body_n as_o in_o the_o brawn_n of_o the_o arm_n and_o cause_n of_o the_o leg_n etc._n etc._n all_o other_o tumor_n which_o do_v exceed_v that_o which_o be_v above_o nature_n and_o those_o which_o be_v natural_a we_o account_v against_o nature_n and_o take_v our_o beginning_n at_o the_o first_o of_o they_o call_v a_o inflammation_n or_o phlegmon_n of_o phlegmon_n or_o inflammation_n chap._n 2._o the_o grecian_n use_v to_o call_v that_o a_o inflmmation_n which_o come_v with_o great_a tumour_n or_o swell_a in_o the_o fleshy_a part_n strain_v and_o stretch_v forth_o resist_v with_o pulsation_n &_o dolour_n hot_a and_o red_a the_o cause_n of_o these_o accident_n be_v not_o only_o unknowen_a to_o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o common_a sort_n but_o also_o unto_o many_o physician_n or_o as_o we_o term_v they_o those_o that_o use_v the_o art_n of_o medicine_n for_o diverse_a of_o they_o not_o seek_v out_o diligent_o do_v simple_o pronounce_v that_o which_o seem_v good_a unto_o themselves_o mistake_v the_o thing_n but_o consideration_n must_v be_v have_v herein_o if_o you_o will_v proceed_v in_o this_o matty_a therefore_o there_o be_v never_o any_o great_a tumour_n that_o chance_v in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o body_n against_o nature_n except_o the_o same_o part_n be_v affect_v with_o one_o of_o these_o two_o thing_n for_o either_o it_o be_v make_v flow_v increase_v and_o stretch_v forth_o through_o over_o much_o hotness_n either_o else_o it_o take_v some_o new_a substance_n outward_o and_o when_o this_o flux_n do_v happen_v &_o be_v stretch_v out_o with_o swell_a it_o be_v turn_v into_o spirit_n and_o be_v refrigerated_a it_o do_v easy_o turn_v again_o into_o his_o accustom_a swell_v but_o we_o see_v no_o spirit_n in_o the_o inflame_a part_n neither_o yet_o the_o part_n inflame_v be_v refrigerated_a do_v not_o always_o come_v again_o into_o their_o former_a constitution_n and_o it_o be_v manifest_a by_o incision_n also_o that_o there_o be_v no_o spirit_n therein_o contain_v for_o if_o the_o inflame_a part_n be_v cut_v much_o blood_n will_v run_v out_o and_o all_o the_o place_n seem_v evident_o full_a of_o blood_n like_v unto_o a_o wet_a sponge_n but_o yet_o you_o shall_v see_v no_o spirit_n come_v forth_o either_o present_o or_o yet_o long_o after_o and_o the_o colour_n of_o blood_n be_v altogether_o inseparable_a there_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o body_n that_o be_v red_a but_o blood_n and_o flesh_n neither_o be_v the_o multitude_n of_o flesh_n the_o affect_v of_o inflammation_n for_o although_o the_o multitude_n of_o flesh_n be_v in_o the_o body_n without_o multitude_n of_o blood_n yet_o the_o tumour_n true_o shall_v be_v big_a than_o natural_a and_o the_o colour_n shall_v be_v healthful_a and_o not_o swerve_v from_o his_o accustom_a nature_n for_o in_o any_o thing_n which_o natural_o increase_v the_o colour_n be_v not_o augment_v for_o than_o shall_v snow_n be_v make_v more_o white_a pitch_n more_o black_a and_o gold_n more_o yeolowe_v and_o the_o increase_n of_o substance_n differ_v manifest_o from_o alteration_n for_o thing_n increase_v according_a to_o their_o quantity_n and_o alter_v according_a to_o their_o quality_n but_o colour_n show_v the_o quality_n of_o the_o substance_n and_o not_o the_o quantity_n therefore_o the_o multitude_n of_o flesh_n differ_v from_o a_o inflammation_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n the_o body_n which_o abound_v with_o blood_n be_v most_o trouble_v with_o inflammation_n now_o see_v that_o sometime_o in_o wound_n there_o be_v great_a inflammation_n and_o yet_o there_o flow_v forth_o thin_a and_o watery_a humour_n the_o place_n