loco_fw-la temporique_fw-la conveniens_fw-la necessaria_fw-la utilis_fw-la maenifesta_fw-la quoque_fw-la ne_fw-la aliquid_fw-la per_fw-la obscuritatem_fw-la in_o captionem_fw-la contineat_fw-la nullo_n privato_fw-la commodo_fw-la sed_fw-la pro_fw-la communi_fw-la civium_fw-la utilitate_fw-la conscripta_fw-la a_o law_n shall_v be_v honest_a just_a possible_a according_a to_o nature_n suit_v with_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n agree_v both_o with_o place_n and_o time_n necessary_a useful_a and_o also_o plain_a lest_o through_o obscurity_n it_o may_v ensnare_v nor_o make_v for_o private_a advantage_n but_o for_o the_o common_a good_a of_o all_o the_o people_n thus_o by_o the_o judgement_n of_o all_o ratio_fw-la est_fw-la anima_fw-la legis_fw-la lex_fw-la tune_n laudatur_fw-la quando_fw-la ratione_fw-la probatur_fw-la nature_n be_v the_o fountain_n and_o reason_n do_v animate_v and_o make_v the_o law_n and_o get_v it_o the_o praise_n and_o acceptation_n this_o indeed_o be_v a_o lightning_n and_o ray_n of_o the_o divinity_n ratio_fw-la nihil_fw-la aliud_fw-la est_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o corpus_fw-la humanum_fw-la pars_fw-la divini_fw-la spiritus_fw-la immersa_fw-la say_v 66._o say_v epist_n 66._o seneca_n it_o be_v the_o stream_n and_o dependence_n of_o the_o eternal_a law_n which_o be_v god_n himself_o and_o his_o will_n quid_fw-la natura_fw-la nisi_fw-la drus_n &_o divina_fw-la ratio_fw-la toti_fw-la mundo_fw-la &_o partibus_fw-la ejus_fw-la inserta_fw-la what_o be_v nature_n but_o god_n and_o divine_a reason_n insert_v into_o the_o whole_a world_n and_o immix_v in_o all_o the_o part_n thereof_o 11._o thereof_o lex_fw-la nihil_fw-la allud_fw-la est_fw-la nifi_n recta_fw-la &_o à _fw-la numite_fw-la deorum_fw-la tracta_fw-la ratio_fw-la cicer._n philip._n 11._o the_o law_n of_o moses_n in_o his_o decalogue_n be_v a_o outward_a and_o public_a copy_n the_o law_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n and_o the_o roman_a law_n the_o moral_a instruction_n of_o divine_n and_o philosopher_n the_o advertisement_n and_o counsel_n of_o lawyer_n the_o edict_n and_o ordinance_n of_o the_o best_a prince_n be_v no_o other_o but_o draught_n and_o particular_a pourtraye_v of_o it_o if_o therefore_o there_o be_v any_o law_n that_o vari_v from_o this_o first_o and_o original_a mistress_n command_v where_o she_o forbid_v or_o forbid_v where_o she_o command_v or_o allow_v it_o be_v a_o monster_n falsehood_n and_o error_n as_o for_o example_n adversus_fw-la periculum_fw-la naturalis_fw-la ratio_fw-la permittit_fw-la se_fw-la defendere_fw-la itaque_fw-la si_fw-la servum_fw-la tuum_fw-la latronem_fw-la insidiantem_fw-la mihi_fw-la occidere_fw-la securus_fw-la ero_fw-la say_v aquil._n say_v lib._n 1._o dig._n ad_fw-la l._n aquil._n gaius_n natural_a reason_n give_v a_o man_n licence_n to_o defend_v himself_o against_o any_o danger_n therefore_o i_o be_o in_o no_o danger_n of_o the_o law_n if_o i_o kill_v thy_o servant_n that_o lie_v in_o wait_n to_o mischief_n i_o again_o si_fw-mi quis_fw-la percussorem_fw-la ad_fw-la se_fw-la venientem_fw-la gladio_fw-la repulerit_fw-la non_fw-la ut_fw-la homicida_fw-la tenetur_fw-la quia_fw-la defensor_fw-la propriae_fw-la salutis_fw-la in_o nullo_n peccâsse_fw-la videtur_fw-la say_v gordian_n the_o sicar_n the_o lib._n 2._o co._n ad_fw-la l._n coâ—nel_n the_o sicar_n emperor_n if_o a_o man_n shall_v strike_v he_o dead_a that_o come_v to_o destroy_v he_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v punish_v as_o a_o manslayer_n because_o the_o preserver_n of_o his_o own_o life_n offend_v in_o nothing_o that_o law_n then_o sure_o be_v very_o unnatural_a that_o inflict_v forfeiture_n of_o any_o part_n of_o his_o estate_n though_o it_o require_v not_o either_o the_o whole_a or_o his_o life_n upon_o any_o person_n for_o slay_v another_o in_o his_o own_o just_a and_o necessary_a defence_n when_o as_o if_o he_o have_v not_o do_v as_o he_o do_v he_o must_v have_v be_v in_o peril_n of_o lose_v his_o own_o life_n it_o be_v as_o prodigious_a to_o natural_a equity_n and_o good_a reason_n that_o a_o man_n that_o be_v unhappy_o peradventure_o do_v of_o a_o lawful_a act_n nor_o purpose_v the_o least_o mischief_n to_o any_o person_n but_o by_o mere_a chance_n author_n of_o another_o death_n shall_v be_v subject_a to_o any_o punishment_n or_o loss_n whatsoever_o mera_fw-fr infortunia_fw-la nec_fw-la paenam_fw-la mereutur_fw-la nâ—c_fw-la ad_fw-la restitutionem_fw-la damni_fw-la obligant_fw-la say_v 4._o ude_a ju_n bill_n lib._n 3._o cap._n 11._o sect_n 4._o grotius_n no_o man_n deserve_v to_o be_v punish_v or_o be_v bind_v to_o make_v any_o reparation_n for_o pure_a casualty_n if_o a_o arrow_n be_v shoot_v at_o a_o beast_n or_o at_o butt_n light_n upon_o a_o man_n and_o kill_v he_o or_o a_o stone_n cast_v over_o a_o house_n or_o a_o arm_n of_o a_o tree_n be_v cut_v and_o fall_v where_o seasonable_a warning_n be_v give_v to_o all_o that_o be_v near_o to_o take_v heed_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o another_o death_n such_o casual_a homicide_n be_v not_o in_o any_o kind_a punishable_a aquil._n punishable_a lib._n 5._o co._n ad_fw-la l._n cornel_n de_fw-fr sicar_n sect_n 5._o inst._n dc_o l_o aquil._n a_o law_n therefore_o that_o punish_v a_o man_n for_o such_o adventure_n or_o misfortune_n be_v not_o a_o just_a or_o rational_a law_n be_v indeed_o repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n which_o protect_v such_o person_n and_o appoint_v they_o a_o city_n of_o refuge_n to_o fly_v unto_o 19.5_o unto_o numb_a 35.15.22_o josh_n 20.3_o deut._n 19.5_o for_o such_o a_o act_n happen_v in_o such_o sort_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o work_n of_o god_n himself_o it_o be_v a_o cruelty_n also_o which_o nature_n and_o reason_n abhor_v that_o a_o king_n who_o ought_v to_o be_v as_o a_o shepherd_n and_o guardian_n of_o his_o people_n shall_v have_v a_o establish_a liberty_n to_o endanger_v his_o subject_n life_n and_o liberty_n by_o a_o criminal_a accusation_n bring_v against_o they_o and_o yet_o they_o be_v deny_v the_o natural_a liberty_n and_o freedom_n to_o defend_v themselves_o by_o bring_v that_o evidence_n and_o assistance_n of_o counsel_n that_o may_v serve_v to_o clear_v they_o indeed_o all_o kind_n of_o awful_a submission_n and_o reverence_n be_v due_a to_o the_o prince_n from_o his_o subject_n but_o that_o be_v no_o way_n impeach_v by_o a_o modest_a and_o fair_a defence_n and_o therefore_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o any_o matter_n of_o complaint_n that_o be_v bring_v by_o the_o public_a exchequer_n whether_o criminal_a or_o civil_a the_o defendant_n have_v his_o full_a defence_n most_o free_a defensionis_fw-la facultas_fw-la danda_fw-la est_fw-la his_fw-la quibus_fw-la aliquam_fw-la inquietudinem_fw-la fiscus_fw-la infert_fw-la fisc_fw-la infert_fw-la lib_fw-la 7._o co_z de_fw-fr jur._n fisc_fw-la liberty_n of_o defence_n ought_v to_o be_v grant_v to_o those_o who_o the_o exchequer_n bring_v into_o any_o trouble_n and_o whosoever_o be_v impeach_v as_o a_o malefactor_n that_o law_n be_v so_o indulgent_a to_o he_o till_o he_o be_v convict_v that_o if_o he_o be_v in_o prison_n the_o magistrate_n be_v to_o make_v know_v by_o open_a proclamation_n what_o day_n he_o intend_v to_o hear_v he_o ne_o high_a qui_fw-la defexdendi_fw-la sunt_fw-la say_v quest_n say_v lib._n 18_o sect._n 9_o dig._n the_o quest_n paulus_n subitis_fw-la accusatorum_fw-la criminibus_fw-la opprimantur_fw-la quamvis_fw-la defensionem_fw-la quecunque_fw-la tempore_fw-la post_fw-la ulante_fw-la reo_fw-la negari_fw-la non_fw-la oportet_fw-la adeo_fw-la ut_fw-la propterea_fw-la &_o differantur_fw-la &_o proferantur_fw-la custâ—diae_fw-la lest_o they_o which_o be_v to_o make_v their_o defence_n be_v too_o sudden_o bring_v to_o trial_n by_o their_o accuser_n and_o thereby_o destroy_v howbeit_o the_o court_n shall_v not_o deny_v to_o hear_v their_o defence_n at_o any_o time_n when_o themselves_o will_v ask_v it_o for_o which_o cause_n the_o prisoner_n may_v have_v a_o certain_a time_n set_v at_o first_o and_o then_o if_o cause_n be_v further_a day_n also_o may_v be_v give_v and_o though_o when_o the_o person_n accuse_v be_v not_o under_o restraint_n if_o he_o shall_v not_o appear_v to_o answer_v the_o accusation_n some_o time_n within_o a_o year_n after_o summons_n have_v his_o estate_n be_v irrecoverable_o lose_v and_o forfeit_v to_o the_o exchequer_n and_o for_o that_o he_o shall_v never_o be_v hear_v more_o damn_v more_o lib._n 4._o dig._n de_fw-fr requir_fw-fr well_o absent_a damn_v yet_o as_o to_o save_v he_o from_o personal_a punishment_n neither_o the_o expiration_n of_o a_o year_n nor_o the_o efflux_n of_o any_o time_n shall_v bar_v he_o but_o that_o he_o may_v still_o be_v hear_v to_o defend_v himself_o rei_fw-la himself_o l._n 2._o co_fw-la de_fw-fr requirend_n rei_fw-la for_o self_n preservation_n be_v so_o mil._n so_o hoc_fw-la &_o ratio_fw-la doctis_fw-la &_o mos_fw-la gentibus_fw-la &_o seris_fw-la natura_fw-la ipsa_fw-la praeseripsis_fw-la ut_fw-la omnem_fw-la semper_fw-la vim_o à _fw-la corpore_fw-la à _fw-la capite_fw-la à _fw-la vitaesuae_fw-la propulsarent_fw-la cic._n pro_fw-la mil._n natural_a that_o a_o law_n that_o be_v set_v up_o to_o infringe_v it_o may_v just_o seem_v to_o fight_v against_o nature_n these_o law_n therefore_o and_o such_o like_a as_o do_v thus_o
further_a proof_n be_v exclude_v so_o that_o the_o next_o step_n be_v to_o judge_v and_o pronounce_v final_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n and_o although_o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v the_o large_a and_o most_o extend_v that_o ever_o be_v and_o the_o multitude_n of_o cause_n must_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v great_a too_o yet_o no_o civil_a cause_n whatsoever_o be_v to_o last_v and_o continue_v long_o then_o by_o the_o space_n of_o three_o year_n nor_o any_o criminal_a matter_n can_v be_v prosecute_v against_o any_o person_n after_o two_o year_n time_n end_v so_o that_o all_o the_o proceed_n that_o shall_v follow_v and_o be_v make_v after_o such_o time_n end_v be_v absolute_o null_a and_o void_a judis_fw-la void_a lib._n 13._o go._n de_fw-fr judis_fw-la last_o so_o careful_a it_o be_v to_o preserve_v and_o uphold_v the_o right_n of_o man_n that_o it_o do_v not_o make_v any_o single_a judgement_n to_o be_v absolute_o conclusive_a and_o final_a if_o he_o that_o be_v cast_v be_v desirous_a to_o bring_v his_o cause_n to_o be_v try_v again_o by_o another_o tribunal_n so_o much_o more_o fit_v be_v it_o that_o the_o sentence_n of_o any_o judge_n shall_v be_v impeach_v and_o overthrow_v than_o that_o truth_n shall_v suffer_v or_o any_o man_n right_n shall_v be_v injurious_o take_v away_o within_o ten_o day_n therefore_o after_o sentence_n give_v he_o that_o be_v condemn_v may_v by_o appeal_n to_o the_o next_o superior_a judge_n complain_v thereof_o and_o upon_o sufficient_a error_n assign_v or_o upon_o some_o further_a proof_n make_v then_o be_v before_o he_o may_v procure_v the_o first_o sentence_n to_o be_v quite_o reverse_v or_o at_o least_o reform_v for_o the_o end_n of_o a_o appeal_v be_v ut_fw-la aut_fw-la iniquitatem_fw-la aut_fw-la imperitiam_fw-la judicis_fw-la corrigat_fw-la appellat_fw-la corrigat_fw-la lib._n 1._o dig_v de_fw-fr appellat_fw-la to_o rectify_v either_o injustice_n or_o error_n these_o few_o instance_n for_o they_o be_v intend_v for_o no_o more_o and_o thereby_o to_o take_v a_o conjecture_n of_o the_o rest_n also_o may_v suffice_v to_o show_v that_o as_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n right_n be_v the_o general_a end_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n so_o it_o do_v dispose_v and_o qualify_v all_o its_o constitution_n and_o particular_o the_o form_n of_o trial_n and_o judicial_a proceed_n to_o the_o selfsame_a end_n and_o purpose_n and_o it_o do_v constant_o hold_v and_o prosecute_v the_o same_o course_n in_o other_o matter_n for_o if_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v right_o understand_v it_o will_v appear_v that_o they_o gross_o err_v who_o think_v that_o though_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n property_n be_v sufficient_o enough_o maintain_v against_o common_a man_n yet_o that_o the_o prince_n or_o sovereign_n have_v a_o loose_a power_n give_v he_o thereby_o than_o other_o law_n will_v allow_v to_o command_v or_o dispose_v thereof_o at_o pleasure_n because_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o that_o law_n that_o quod_fw-la principi_fw-la placuit_fw-la legis_fw-la habet_fw-la rigorem_fw-la civil_a rigorem_fw-la lib._n 1._o dig_v de_fw-fr constit_fw-la princi_n sect_n 6._o inst_z de_fw-fr jur._n nat._n gent._n &_o civil_a what_o please_v the_o prince_n have_v the_o force_n of_o a_o law_n and_o princeps_fw-la legibus_fw-la solutus_fw-la est_fw-la 2._o est_fw-la lib._n 31._o dig._n de_fw-fr legib._n novel_a 105._o c._n 2._o a_o prince_n be_v not_o tie_v to_o law_n which_o be_v literal_o understand_v and_o not_o take_v in_o that_o fair_a and_o moderate_a sense_n which_o by_o the_o course_n of_o the_o whole_a law_n and_o by_o the_o current_n of_o interpreter_n it_o be_v expound_v in_o do_v import_v as_o if_o property_n life_n liberty_n and_o all_o be_v subject_a and_o do_v hold_v of_o the_o prince_n will_n but_o that_o this_o can_v be_v the_o meaning_n be_v most_o evident_a for_o that_o his_o mere_a lust_n or_o appetite_n or_o every_o inordinate_a command_n that_o go_v forth_o from_o he_o shall_v be_v a_o law_n be_v not_o so_o believe_v that_o the_o civil_a law_n ever_o intend_v but_o when_o the_o roman_a state_n be_v now_o change_v from_o be_v a_o popular_a state_n and_o be_v become_v a_o absolute_a empire_n and_o that_o the_o people_n have_v confer_v their_o whole_a power_n that_o be_v in_o themselves_o before_o upon_o augustus_n caesar_n in_o who_o time_n it_o be_v that_o the_o royal_a law_n be_v make_v and_o his_o successor_n it_o be_v mean_v by_o those_o word_n that_o the_o legislative_a power_n shall_v whole_o rest_v in_o he_o without_o the_o concurrence_n of_o any_o other_o and_o that_o thenceforward_o the_o law_n shall_v come_v from_o he_o and_o be_v as_o obsequious_o obey_v as_o if_o they_o come_v from_o the_o whole_a people_n but_o yet_o so_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o common_a dictate_v of_o reason_n or_o mischievous_a to_o the_o public_a welfare_n and_o therefore_o say_v harprechtus_n cod_n harprechtus_n d._n sect_n 6._o inst_z cod_n verbum_fw-la plicendi_fw-la aut_fw-la placiti_fw-la non_fw-la volupt_a itis_fw-la non_fw-la libidinis_fw-la non_fw-la etiam_fw-la absolu'ae_fw-la est_fw-la voluntatis_fw-la sod_a justitiae_fw-la rationis_fw-la &_o consilii_fw-la the_o word_n please_v or_o pleasure_n do_v not_o denote_v riot_n lust_n or_o absolute_a will_n but_o justice_n reason_n and_o good_a consideration_n so_o that_o though_o the_o pleasure_n of_o a_o sovereign_n whilst_o he_o publish_v any_o thing_n for_o a_o law_n be_v bind_v and_o to_o be_v obey_v because_o a_o law_n can_v come_v from_o none_o but_o he_o where_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o government_n be_v such_o yet_o it_o must_v be_v equal_a just_a honest_a and_o profitable_a 130._o profitable_a haâ—precht_n inst._n the_o rer_n dâ—v_fw-la 〈◊〉_d p_o inc_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 130._o and_o what_o do_v a_o sovereign_n more_o in_o this_o than_o all_o other_o sort_n of_o governor_n whatsoever_o be_v they_o more_o than_o one_o as_o in_o a_o optimacy_n or_o be_v the_o government_n in_o the_o whole_a people_n or_o what_o more_o power_n be_v give_v in_o this_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n to_o a_o absolute_a sovereign_n which_o be_v not_o by_o other_o law_n give_v to_o the_o supreme_a &_o high_a rule_n of_o any_o nation_n again_o all_o law_n in_o the_o world_n do_v allow_v those_o that_o have_v the_o supreme_a power_n in_o they_o to_o take_v away_o liberty_n by_o imprisonment_n where_o there_o be_v any_o public_a danger_n by_o freedom_n or_o where_o it_o may_v be_v a_o just_a punishment_n for_o contempt_n and_o disobedience_n and_o to_o take_v away_o life_n too_o for_o capital_a offence_n commit_v and_o where_o public_a defence_n call_v for_o it_o to_o command_v their_o very_a subject_n person_n and_o estate_n to_o such_o a_o proportion_n as_o the_o present_a necessity_n require_v for_o without_o this_o power_n no_o community_n can_v long_o endure_v nor_o any_o peace_n be_v preserve_v and_o more_o than_o this_o nor_o in_o any_o other_o case_n do_v the_o civil_a law_n grant_v a_o sovereign_a licence_n to_o touch_v either_o property_n life_n or_o liberty_n 95._o liberty_n harpretcht_v loc_fw-la titat_fw-la nu_fw-la 95._o and_o where_o the_o civil_a law_n have_v declare_v that_o a_o prince_n be_v exempt_a from_o law_n the_o meaning_n be_v not_o that_o he_o may_v violate_v and_o trample_v upon_o they_o as_o himself_o lift_v as_o oft_o as_o they_o stand_v in_o his_o way_n for_o that_o be_v contradict_v express_o by_o divers_a text_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n 3._o law_n l._n 4_o co_fw-la de_fw-fr legib_n l._n 23._o de_fw-fr dâ—g_n legate_n 3._o but_o that_o he_o be_v not_o punishable_a when_o he_o break_v they_o because_o he_o have_v no_o humane_a superior_a to_o judge_v or_o question_v he_o or_o to_o exact_a obedience_n from_o he_o that_o in_o some_o case_n he_o may_v give_v licence_n to_o his_o subject_n not_o to_o observe_v some_o certain_a of_o they_o by_o way_n of_o dispensation_n that_o be_v may_v grant_v pardon_n to_o some_o that_o have_v transgress_v they_o where_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o fact_n will_v bear_v it_o and_o that_o he_o may_v also_o quite_o abolish_v they_o when_o they_o be_v grow_v useless_a or_o hurtful_a 120._o hurtful_a harprecht_n loc_fw-la citat_fw-la nu_fw-la 120._o and_o under_o what_o law_n or_o government_n be_v it_o where_o all_o these_o thing_n be_v not_o clear_a without_o any_o dispute_n and_o hold_v lawful_a and_o continual_o do_v and_o general_o in_o all_o instance_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o well_o as_o in_o those_o whereof_o mention_n be_v make_v before_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o imperial_a law_n do_v not_o only_o ratify_v and_o confirm_v the_o general_a law_n of_o nature_n and_o of_o nation_n but_o take_v care_n also_o to_o reduce_v all_o its_o constitution_n that_o may_v be_v any_o way_n instrumental_a to_o the_o distribution_n of_o justice_n in_o particular_a case_n how_o remote_a soever_o they_o be_v from_o the_o prime_n and_o
the_o law_n of_o law_n or_o the_o excellency_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n above_o all_o other_o humane_a law_n whatsoever_o show_v of_o how_o great_a use_n and_o necessity_n the_o civil_a law_n be_v to_o this_o nation_n by_o ro_n wiseman_n dr_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n ea_fw-la verè_fw-la praestabilis_fw-la est_fw-la scientia_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o foederibus_fw-la pactionibus_fw-la conditionibus_fw-la populorum_fw-la regum_fw-la exterarumque_fw-la nationum_fw-la in_fw-la omni_fw-la denique_fw-la belli_fw-la jure_fw-la &_o pacis_fw-la versatur_fw-la cicero_n that_o be_v true_o a_o excellent_a knowledge_n which_o be_v conversant_a about_o league_n agreement_n the_o several_a constitution_n of_o people_n king_n and_o foreign_a nation_n and_o last_o in_o the_o whole_a law_n of_o war_n and_o peace_n london_n print_v by_o j._n g._n for_o r._n royston_n at_o the_o angel_n in_o ivy-lane_n m.dc.lvii_o the_o epistle_n to_o the_o reader_n reader_n if_o this_o book_n be_v set_v forth_o in_o any_o other_o language_n for_o foreigner_n to_o read_v i_o be_v unavoidable_o drive_v to_o give_v they_o a_o account_n why_o i_o have_v put_v myself_o upon_o so_o superfluous_a and_o so_o unnecessary_a a_o undertake_n as_o to_o extol_v and_o commend_v that_o who_o worth_n and_o merit_n be_v own_v by_o all_o the_o world_n and_o which_o every_o where_o shine_v so_o bright_o that_o it_o can_v be_v obscure_v by_o any_o either_o tongue_n or_o pen._n for_o it_o be_v very_o well_o know_v to_o they_o that_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v the_o issue_n and_o product_v of_o that_o great_a and_o mighty_a state_n the_o roman_a empire_n that_o lead_v so_o many_o nation_n and_o people_n captive_a by_o their_o wisdom_n as_o much_o as_o by_o their_o valour_n that_o be_v once_o the_o school_n of_o all_o moral_a honesty_n and_o goodness_n and_o the_o stage_n whereon_o the_o whole_a variety_n of_o humane_a affair_n be_v represent_v neither_o need_v i_o tell_v they_o that_o what_o through_o the_o prosperous_a success_n of_o that_o state_n for_o which_o it_o be_v ordain_v and_o what_o through_o the_o natural_a equity_n that_o be_v to_o be_v read_v all_o along_o in_o it_o and_o its_o be_v fit_v for_o the_o general_a affair_n of_o europe_n the_o law_n of_o most_o of_o the_o european_a nation_n who_o indeed_o all_o of_o they_o ancient_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o roman_a government_n be_v but_o as_o copy_n draw_v from_o that_o original_n borrow_v that_o lustre_n of_o goodness_n they_o have_v from_o it_o and_o where_o their_o particular_a law_n fail_v thither_o their_o judicatories_n resort_v to_o be_v supply_v they_o can_v be_v ignorant_a that_o though_o every_o particular_a nation_n have_v some_o few_o law_n of_o their_o own_o proper_a for_o their_o occasion_n government_n and_o people_n yet_o no_o where_n beyond_o the_o sea_n be_v there_o any_o profession_n or_o science_n of_o law_n but_o this_o nor_o any_o law_n account_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n but_o the_o civil_a law_n only_o that_o time_n practice_n argument_n and_o apply_v it_o to_o the_o several_a affair_n of_o so_o many_o nation_n where_o it_o have_v be_v use_v have_v make_v it_o so_o perfect_a and_o so_o sufficient_a a_o body_n to_o decide_v all_o case_n by_o that_o be_v between_o party_n and_o party_n and_o do_v not_o concern_v the_o public_a government_n that_o they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o very_a few_o law_n of_o their_o own_o make_n and_o without_o it_o no_o law_n they_o can_v make_v will_v ever_o be_v able_a to_o serve_v their_o turn_n to_o those_o therefore_o that_o make_v such_o continual_a use_n of_o this_o law_n in_o their_o court_n and_o who_o suffer_v none_o to_o sit_v as_o judge_n nor_o plead_v at_o their_o bar_n but_o such_o as_o have_v be_v bring_v up_o in_o that_o faculty_n and_o who_o strive_v to_o employ_v those_o only_a in_o all_o transaction_n between_o themselves_o and_o other_o nation_n to_o they_o i_o say_v to_o praise_v and_o applaud_v this_o law_n that_o be_v dignify_v by_o they_o so_o many_o several_a way_n be_v so_o little_a needful_a that_o it_o be_v almost_o impertinent_a but_o to_o make_v know_v to_o the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n to_o who_o it_o be_v render_v now_o so_o contemptible_a how_o excellent_a it_o be_v in_o itself_o how_o rational_a what_o a_o general_a approbation_n it_o have_v have_v with_o other_o nation_n and_o how_o very_o useful_a it_o may_v be_v to_o the_o public_a welfare_n of_o this_o nation_n divers_a way_n it_o be_v a_o work_n so_o seasonable_a and_o necessary_a that_o it_o may_v be_v do_v without_o either_o apology_n preface_n or_o reason_n premise_v and_o be_v no_o more_o than_o the_o present_a state_n of_o thing_n call_v for_o for_o when_o it_o be_v consider_v what_o a_o account_n it_o have_v be_v in_o among_o we_o for_o many_o hundred_o year_n together_o how_o many_o cause_n civil_a ecclesiastical_a maritime_a and_o military_a it_o deal_v in_o how_o the_o jurisdiction_n thereof_o run_v through_o the_o whole_a nation_n how_o very_o little_a it_o be_v beneath_o the_o profession_n of_o the_o common-law_n itself_o how_o many_o professor_n and_o practiser_n it_o maintain_v and_o how_o much_o it_o do_v enrich_v they_o what_o a_o number_n of_o student_n it_o encourage_v what_o coercive_a power_n it_o be_v entrust_v withal_o and_o the_o many_o court_v the_o employment_n thereof_o lay_v in_o and_o when_o we_o see_v that_o now_o the_o cause_n thereof_o be_v cantonize_v and_o like_o a_o spoil_n divide_v some_o carry_v to_o the_o court_n of_o common-law_n some_o to_o the_o court_n of_o equity_n other_o send_v into_o the_o country_n some_o leave_v without_o any_o rule_n or_o regulation_n at_o all_o and_o nothing_o leave_v entire_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o when_o the_o solid_a reason_n of_o that_o law_n be_v crowd_v out_o by_o vulgar_a reason_n the_o professor_n thereof_o scatter_v the_o study_n thereof_o discontinue_v the_o very_a law-book_n for_o want_n of_o use_n here_o all_o transport_v beyond_o sea_n to_o other_o nation_n and_o all_o coercion_n take_v away_o it_o be_v so_o much_o worth_n the_o inquire_n what_o the_o ground_n of_o this_o great_a change_n shall_v be_v that_o to_o be_v silent_a thereat_o be_v great_a stupidity_n that_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n may_v be_v a_o reason_n to_o suspend_v the_o exercise_n of_o that_o profession_n in_o some_o cause_n for_o a_o time_n till_o it_o be_v again_o settle_v i_o admit_v but_o why_o it_o shall_v not_o under_o this_o present_a form_n of_o government_n if_o authority_n think_v fit_a be_v restore_v again_o as_o to_o a_o civil_a regulation_n of_o those_o very_a matter_n under_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n no_o satisfactory_a reason_n can_v be_v render_v i_o be_o sure_a it_o can_v neither_o be_v rational_a nor_o convenient_a that_o they_o shall_v be_v carry_v from_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o be_v the_o know_v establish_a and_o practise_v law_n in_o those_o matter_n unto_o the_o conizance_n of_o those_o that_o have_v neither_o law_n nor_o rule_n nor_o skill_n to_o try_v they_o especial_o when_o the_o so_o do_v do_v inevitable_o draw_v after_o it_o the_o certain_a ruin_n of_o that_o whole_a profession_n it_o be_v therefore_o verywell_a worthy_a the_o most_o serious_a consideration_n of_o those_o that_o sit_v at_o the_o helm_n that_o since_o there_o must_v be_v a_o trial_n of_o those_o matter_n still_o and_o a_o gain_n attend_v thereupon_o to_o one_o or_o other_o which_o be_v the_o game_n every_o body_n hunt_v after_o whether_o the_o public_a be_v more_o concern_v that_o the_o profit_n of_o such_o conisance_n shall_v flow_v into_o the_o purse_n of_o other_o no_o way_n apt_a or_o skilful_a then_o go_v to_o the_o maintain_n and_o keep_v up_o of_o such_o a_o learned_a profession_n which_o this_o nation_n can_v be_v without_o and_o certain_o whensoever_o we_o see_v that_o profession_n lay_v aside_o which_o for_o the_o public_a good_a i_o trust_v i_o never_o shall_v we_o shall_v find_v this_o commonwealth_n of_o we_o make_v very_o much_o inferior_a and_o unequal_a to_o other_o nation_n with_o who_o as_o it_o be_v a_o island_n and_o now_o become_v a_o active_a one_o it_o have_v and_o must_v have_v many_o way_n to_o do_v in_o other_o thing_n as_o in_o strength_n riches_n and_o alliance_n we_o contend_v for_o advantage_n and_o superiority_n with_o they_o why_o shall_v we_o then_o suffer_v they_o to_o over-match_n we_o in_o wit_n dexterity_n skill_n knowledge_n wisdom_n policy_n reason_n or_o judgement_n which_o that_o learning_n above_o all_o other_o and_o experience_n together_o give_v they_o the_o deal_n that_o we_o may_v have_v with_o they_o as_o they_o be_v not_o a_o few_o but_o innumerable_a even_o as_o many_o as_o there_o be_v thing_n in_o the_o world_n to_o deal_v in_o so_o some_o of_o they_o be_v of_o high_a moment_n and_o consequence_n also_o as_o right_o to_o kingdom_n or_o province_n by_o donation_n
a_o occasion_n as_o to_o revive_v if_o by_o such_o weak_a endeavour_n it_o be_v possible_a a_o whole_a profession_n almost_o quite_o expire_a i_o bid_v thou_o farewell_n and_o remain_v thou_o in_o all_o possible_a respect_n whatsoever_o ro._n wiseman_n the_o argument_n of_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o book_n chap._n i._n that_o a_o law_n ought_v to_o be_v agreeable_a to_o true_a reason_n page_n 1_o chap._n ii_o that_o what_o reason_n teach_v shall_v be_v make_v the_o subject_n of_o a_o law_n be_v no_o superfluous_a but_o a_o profitable_a thing_n p._n 22_o chap._n iii_o what_o be_v here_o mean_v and_o intend_v by_o reason_n p._n 24_o chap._n iu_o that_o reason_n be_v not_o so_o strict_o require_v in_o the_o law_n that_o order_v the_o affair_n of_o state_n as_o in_o that_o that_o settle_v the_o difference_n that_o arise_v between_o man_n and_o man_n p._n 33_o chap._n v._o that_o the_o custom_n of_o a_o nation_n ought_v in_o like_a manner_n to_o agree_v with_o reason_n p._n 36_o chap._n vi_o where_o law_n or_o custom_n be_v want_v to_o judge_v by_o precedent_n or_o example_n have_v no_o defence_n in_o reason_n p._n 38_o chap._n vii_o that_o they_o be_v great_a advantage_n which_o a_o nation_n have_v by_o rule_v by_o a_o such_o a_o law_n as_o be_v rational_a p._n 46_o chap._n viii_o that_o christian_a nation_n have_v entertain_v the_o civil_a law_n into_o their_o territory_n have_v thereby_o acquire_v to_o themselves_o the_o most_o rational_a law_n that_o have_v be_v ordain_v as_o by_o the_o constitution_n thereof_o will_v appear_v p._n 51_o the_o argument_n of_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o second_o book_n chap._n i._n that_o the_o greatness_n and_o the_o splendour_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n do_v evidence_n the_o singular_a virtue_n of_o the_o law_n itself_o to_o which_o as_o to_o its_o proper_a cause_n it_o may_v be_v ascribe_v page_n 97_o chap._n ii_o the_o fundamental_o of_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n be_v fetch_v from_o other_o state_n which_o do_v then_o excel_v other_o most_o in_o policy_n and_o government_n p._n 103_o chap._n iii_o that_o time_n and_o intervenience_n of_o fatal_a accident_n that_o have_v sweep_v away_o so_o many_o state_n together_o with_o all_o their_o law_n and_o have_v quite_o abolish_v the_o roman_a state_n itself_o have_v not_o yet_o be_v of_o force_n to_o abolish_v the_o roman_a civil_a law_n but_o that_o it_o be_v extant_a still_o p._n 110_o chap._n iu_o that_o foreign_a nation_n in_o do_v of_o right_a between_o man_n and_o man_n do_v main_o practice_v and_o make_v use_n of_o the_o rule_n and_o dictate_v of_o the_o civil_a law_n p._n 128_o chap._n v._o the_o general_a admittance_n and_o use_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o foreign_a part_n be_v acknowledge_v by_o ourselves_o here_o in_o england_n p._n 133_o chap._n vi_o the_o civilian_n themselves_z do_v not_o enlarge_v the_o use_n and_o practice_v of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o foreign_a part_n further_o than_o mr_n selden_n himself_o in_o his_o writing_n grant_v it_o to_o extend_v p._n 139_o chap._n vii_o no_o municipal_a law_n be_v sufficient_a to_o meet_v with_o the_o multitude_n and_o variety_n of_o case_n and_o question_n that_o will_v happen_v at_o land_n at_o sea_n and_o in_o foreign_a part_n which_o have_v cause_v so_o many_o nation_n to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n where_o it_o be_v proper_a and_o pertinent_a to_o their_o affair_n to_o jayn_v with_o and_o help_v their_o own_o rather_o than_o to_o be_v without_o any_o law_n at_o all_o and_o to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o mischief_n of_o arbitrariness_n folly_n and_o violence_n p._n 144_o chap._n viii_o that_o the_o reason_n be_v strong_a and_o weighty_a upon_o which_o so_o many_o foreign_a state_n do_v direct_a and_o order_v the_o business_n of_o their_o tribunal_n most_o by_o the_o prescript_n reason_n and_o equity_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n p._n 153_o chap._n ix_o the_o admittance_n and_o sway_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o foreign_a part_n be_v yet_o further_o verify_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o sr_n tho._n smith_n and_o dr_n hakewill_n the_o one_o a_o statesman_n the_o other_o a_o famous_a learned_a divine_a of_o our_o own_o and_o by_o some_o other_o remarkable_a institution_n within_o this_o nation_n p._n 159_o chap._n x._o the_o general_a name_n of_o jus_n civil_a the_o civil_a law_n be_v signal_o for_o honour_n sake_n peculiar_o ascribe_v to_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n and_o to_o no_o other_o law_n p._n 164_o chap._n xi_o the_o art_n and_o knowledge_n of_o do_v the_o pure_a right_a and_o most_o natural_a justice_n be_v lay_v down_o in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o how_o it_o come_v by_o degree_n to_o that_o perfection_n that_o now_o we_o see_v it_o in_o p._n 166_o chap._n xii_o a_o answer_n to_o the_o main_a objection_n that_o be_v now_o adays_o make_v against_o the_o continuance_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n within_o this_o nation_n p._n 173._o wesenbec_n parat_fw-la dig._n de_fw-fr just_a &_o jur_n nu_fw-la 17._o in_o constituendo_fw-la expoliendoque_fw-la jus_o civil_a populus_fw-la romanus_n tantum_fw-la reliquis_fw-la nationibus_fw-la velut_fw-la &_o gloria_fw-la belli_fw-la praestitit_fw-la ut_fw-la si_fw-la omne_fw-la omnium_fw-la gentium_fw-la instituta_fw-la mores_fw-la leges_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la conferantur_fw-la nequaquam_fw-la sint_fw-la cum_fw-la his_fw-la romanorum_fw-la legibus_fw-la &_o institutis_fw-la prudentia_fw-la aequitate_fw-la pondere_fw-la ubertate_fw-la ullo_fw-la modo_fw-la comparanda_fw-la the_o people_n of_o rome_n do_v not_o only_o go_v beyond_o all_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n beside_o in_o renown_n for_o their_o warlike_a erterprise_n but_o so_o much_o in_o establish_v of_o law_n too_o that_o if_o all_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o all_o other_o nation_n be_v all_o lay_v together_o they_o will_v come_v far_o short_a of_o the_o roman_a law_n both_o for_o wisdom_n equity_n weight_n fullness_n lex_fw-la legum_fw-la or_o the_o law_n of_o law_n etc._n etc._n chap._n i._n that_o a_o law_n ought_v to_o be_v agreeable_a to_o true_a reason_n the_o first_o book_n there_o be_v nothing_o under_o the_o sun_n that_o do_v more_o conduce_v to_o the_o prosperity_n and_o peace_n of_o a_o nation_n then_o fit_v and_o well-composed_a law_n in_o the_o frame_n whereof_o those_o that_o have_v the_o ordain_v power_n must_v be_v heedful_a to_o observe_v many_o thing_n to_o make_v their_o law_n proportionable_a to_o so_o happy_a and_o so_o bless_v a_o end_n a_o law_n must_v not_o enjoin_v any_o wicked_a ignominious_a or_o unbeseeming_a thing_n these_o be_v in_o intendment_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n impossible_a quae_fw-la facta_fw-la laedunt_fw-la pietatem_fw-la existimationem_fw-la verecundiam_fw-la nostram_fw-la &_o ut_fw-la generaliter_fw-la dixerim_fw-la contra_fw-la bonos_fw-es more_o be_v fiunt_fw-la neo_fw-la facere_fw-la nos_fw-la posse_fw-la credendum_fw-la est_fw-la say_v papinian_n inst_z papinian_n l._n 15._o co._n the_o conduit_n inst_z those_o action_n which_o wound_v piety_n reputation_n modesty_n or_o in_o brief_a be_v general_o disallow_v by_o the_o practice_n of_o sober_a man_n may_v be_v reckon_v in_o the_o number_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o nature_n admit_v not_o to_o be_v do_v it_o must_v be_v not_o obscure_a but_o certain_a in_o the_o intimation_n just_a in_o the_o precept_n profitable_a in_o the_o execution_n agree_v with_o the_o form_n of_o government_n custom_n place_n and_o time_n where_o and_o when_o it_o be_v to_o be_v apply_v it_o must_v be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o propriety_n for_o the_o encouragement_n of_o labour_n for_o the_o safeguard_n of_o the_o subject_n person_n for_o determine_v controversy_n for_o reward_v of_o noble_a action_n and_o excellent_a art_n and_o rare_a invention_n for_o promote_a trade_n enrich_v the_o people_n and_o must_v whole_o advance_v the_o public_a good_a but_o above_o all_o thing_n the_o care_n of_o the_o legislative_a power_n ought_v to_o be_v solicitous_a in_o nothing_o more_o then_o to_o frame_v and_o fashion_v their_o law_n life_n law_n plutarch_n say_v that_o king_n ought_v to_o be_v govern_v by_o law_n explain_v himself_o that_o this_o law_n must_v be_v a_o word_n not_o write_v in_o book_n and_o table_n but_o dwell_v in_o the_o mind_n a_o live_a rule_n the_o interior_a guide_n of_o their_o manner_n and_o monitor_n of_o their_o life_n by_o that_o great_a and_o exemplary_a pattern_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o to_o enact_v or_o decree_v nothing_o dissonant_n unto_o true_a inbred_a and_o natural_a reason_n whereby_o a_o man_n work_v according_a to_o god_n according_a to_o himself_o nature_n the_o universal_a order_n and_o policy_n of_o the_o world_n quiet_o sweet_o and_o as_o silent_o without_o noisâ—…_n a_o ship_n that_o be_v not_o drive_v but_o by_o the_o natural_a and_o ordinary_a coâ—â—â—â—_n of_o the_o water_n for_o when_o the_o wisdom_n and_o power_n of_o god_n first_o bestow_v upon_o man_n understanding_n and_o reason_n he_o intend_v they_o
cross_v and_o encounter_v common_a sense_n and_o natural_a reason_n be_v no_o fit_a to_o be_v style_v law_n than_o the_o dead_a carcase_n of_o a_o man_n that_o be_v do_v tute_n of_o the_o essential_o of_o life_n soul_n and_o reason_n can_v be_v call_v a_o man._n and_o therefore_o tully_n do_v set_v down_o the_o truth_n when_o he_o teach_v legib_n teach_v l._n 1_o de_fw-fr legib_n eos_n qui_fw-la perniciosa_fw-la &_o injusta_fw-la populis_fw-la jussa_fw-la descripserint_fw-la cùm_fw-la contra_fw-la fecerint_fw-la quam_fw-la polliciti_fw-la professique_a sunt_fw-la quidvis_fw-la potius_fw-la tulisse_fw-la quam_fw-la leges_fw-la they_o that_o do_v promulgate_v to_o the_o people_n pernicious_a and_o unjust_a law_n since_o they_o do_v clean_o contrary_a to_o that_o that_o they_o always_o promise_v and_o profess_v to_o do_v they_o may_v better_o be_v think_v to_o enact_v any_o thing_n else_o then_o law_n and_o though_o it_o be_v never_o or_o very_o rare_o see_v that_o any_o state_n do_v suffer_v any_o law_n to_o pass_v they_o which_o do_v direct_o cross_v the_o chief_a and_o fundamental_a law_n of_o nature_n or_o which_o oppose_v the_o first_o and_o main_a principle_n of_o common_a reason_n as_o to_o give_v direct_a licence_n to_o atheism_n theft_n adultery_n homicide_n invade_v of_o the_o right_n or_o possession_n of_o other_o breach_n of_o faith_n or_o covenant_n rebellion_n against_o magistrate_n disobedience_n to_o parent_n abandon_v of_o child_n or_o such_o like_a for_o this_o be_v too_o odious_a and_o detestable_a and_o will_v present_o dissolve_v all_o society_n and_o government_n yet_o the_o care_n of_o a_o legislator_n do_v not_o determine_v here_o but_o must_v extend_v further_a also_o if_o they_o will_v have_v their_o law_n to_o be_v of_o one_o complexion_n and_o likeness_n and_o all_o to_o agree_v with_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o dictate_v of_o sound_a reason_n for_o to_o each_o of_o those_o first_o and_o fundamental_a principle_n there_o be_v divers_a inferior_a thing_n and_o action_n appertain_v which_o do_v mediate_o or_o immediate_o depend_v upon_o and_o refer_v unto_o they_o stand_v some_o in_o a_o near_o other_o in_o a_o remote_a distance_n from_o they_o but_o all_o so_o knit_v and_o conjoin_v with_o the_o first_o and_o main_a principle_n to_o which_o they_o be_v subordinate_a and_o do_v as_o it_o be_v wait_v upon_o that_o if_o any_o of_o they_o be_v settle_v by_o a_o law_n or_o practise_v otherwise_o then_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o first_o and_o great_a principle_n also_o by_o consequence_n be_v violate_v &_o break_v or_o at_o least_o a_o occasion_n offer_v to_o violate_v and_o break_v it_o and_o therefore_o the_o legislator_n care_n must_v be_v to_o settle_v these_o inferior_a and_o subordinate_a thing_n also_o in_o such_o wise_a as_o that_o they_o may_v not_o encounter_v with_o any_o chief_a or_o fundamental_a rule_n of_o nature_n to_o which_o they_o may_v have_v any_o reference_n or_o application_n for_o instance_n that_o parent_n shall_v educate_v their_o child_n and_o supply_v they_o with_o maintenance_n be_v a_o law_n proceed_v from_o nature_n and_o though_o no_o humane_a law_n be_v ever_o find_v that_o discharge_v parent_n of_o such_o their_o duty_n yet_o if_o a_o law_n shall_v leave_v it_o free_a to_o a_o parent_n when_o he_o die_v to_o give_v away_o all_o from_o his_o own_o child_n to_o a_o stranger_n or_o to_o dispose_v of_o all_o to_o one_o child_n without_o make_v any_o provision_n for_o the_o rest_n be_v not_o that_o fundamental_a law_n of_o nature_n thereby_o consequential_o infringe_v and_o break_v by_o the_o roman_a law_n therefore_o which_o do_v strict_o tie_v all_o parent_n to_o this_o duty_n libre_fw-la duty_n go._n de_fw-fr alend_n libre_fw-la there_o be_v such_o a_o proportion_n due_a to_o child_n out_o of_o their_o parent_n estate_n when_o they_o die_v as_o the_o parent_n but_o upon_o certain_a cause_n just_a and_o true_a can_v give_v away_o from_o they_o which_o be_v the_o three_o part_n if_o there_o be_v four_o child_n or_o under_o or_o half_o of_o the_o whole_a substance_n if_o there_o be_v more_o among_o they_o all_o the_o rest_n they_o may_v free_o give_v away_o to_o who_o they_o please_v and_o this_o the_o law_n make_v so_o sure_a to_o they_o that_o though_o the_o father_n for_o some_o offence_n do_v suffer_v death_n and_o his_o estate_n be_v confiscate_v yet_o half_a the_o estate_n shall_v go_v to_o the_o child_n notwithstanding_o ne_fw-fr alieno_fw-la admisso_fw-la graviorem_fw-la poenam_fw-la luerent_fw-la quos_fw-la nulla_fw-la contingeret_fw-la culpa_fw-la damuat_fw-la culpa_fw-la lib._n 7._o dig_v dc_o bon._n damuat_fw-la lest_o the_o father_n fault_n shall_v prove_v a_o sharp_a punishment_n to_o they_o that_o offend_v not_o except_o the_o fault_n be_v treason_n in_o which_o case_n for_o terror_n to_o other_o they_o lose_v all_o ut_fw-la charitas_fw-la liberorum_fw-la amiciores_fw-la parent_n reip_v redderet_fw-la fin_fw-fr redderet_fw-la lib._n 8._o dig_v quod_fw-la metus_fw-la cause_n sect_n fin_fw-fr that_o their_o very_a affection_n to_o their_o child_n know_v how_o great_o they_o be_v like_a to_o suffer_v after_o they_o may_v make_v they_o timorous_a how_o they_o so_o offend_v likewise_o if_o the_o parent_n shall_v make_v no_o will_n nor_o make_v any_o disposition_n of_o his_o estate_n in_o his_o life_n time_n dut_fw-mi die_v intestate_a if_o when_o one_o of_o the_o child_n have_v enter_v upon_o his_o father_n estate_n though_o by_o lawful_a aathority_n the_o law_n of_o a_o state_n shall_v adjudge_v the_o whole_a inheritance_n unto_o he_o and_o not_o admit_v any_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o brethren_n and_o sifter_n how_o many_o soever_o they_o be_v to_o divide_v or_o to_o have_v any_o share_n with_o he_o neither_o in_o real_a estate_n nor_o personal_a sure_o this_o be_v a_o contradiction_n to_o that_o original_a law_n of_o nature_n that_o bind_v parent_n to_o provide_v for_o all_o those_o that_o be_v of_o the_o same_o flesh_n &_o blood_n with_o they_o for_o what_o themselves_o can_v do_v be_v dead_a their_o estate_n ought_v to_o perform_v the_o civil_a law_n therefore_o make_v no_o difference_n between_o land_n and_o good_n nor_o between_o eidest_n and_o young_a nor_o male_a and_o female_a divide_v the_o whole_a estate_n real_a and_o personal_a equal_o among_o the_o child_n ratio_fw-la naturalis_fw-la quasi_fw-la lex_fw-la quaedam_fw-la tacita_fw-la liberis_fw-la parentum_fw-la haereditatem_fw-la addicit_fw-la velut_fw-la ad_fw-la debitam_fw-la successienem_fw-la eosvocando_fw-la say_v 1._o say_v d._n l._n 7._o dig._n de_fw-fr ben._n damn_v l._n 7._o dig._n si_fw-la tab._n testam_fw-la thursday_n s_o 1._o paulus_n there_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o secret_a law_n make_v by_o nature_n herself_o that_o settle_v the_o parent_n estate_n upon_o the_o child_n call_v they_o to_o succeed_v as_o in_o their_o proper_a right_n and_o omnia_fw-la quae_fw-la nostra_fw-la sunt_fw-la liberis_fw-la nostris_fw-la ex_fw-la voto_fw-la paramus_fw-la say_v 2._o say_v lib._n 50._o dig._n the_o bâ—â—â—_n libert_n sect_n 2._o tryphoninus_n all_o that_o we_o do_v possess_v we_o profess_o destine_v to_o our_o child_n neither_o do_v it_o give_v one_o child_n any_o advantage_n against_o the_o rest_n that_o he_o have_v first_o lawful_o get_v into_o possession_n for_o he_o have_v but_o thereby_o make_v himself_o subject_a to_o be_v sue_v by_o the_o rest_n to_o come_v to_o a_o partition_n with_o they_o ercise_n they_o tot._n tit._n dig_v &_o co._n famil_n ercise_n for_o action_n to_o divide_v be_v once_o bring_v the_o judge_n be_v tell_v by_o eod._n by_o lib._n 25._o sect_n 20._o dig._n eod._n paulus_n what_o he_o must_v do_v index_n familiae_fw-la erciscundae_fw-la nihil_fw-la debet_fw-la indivisum_fw-la relinquere_fw-la the_o judge_n of_o a_o partition_n ought_v to_o leave_v nothing_o undivided_a a_o law_n then_o that_o forbid_v parent_n to_o cast_v off_o the_o care_n of_o their_o child_n as_o nature_n do_v do_v not_o agree_v with_o nature_n nor_o with_o itself_o neither_o if_o it_o do_v not_o as_o the_o civil_a law_n do_v make_v its_o other_o constitution_n suitable_a and_o put_v it_o out_o of_o the_o power_n both_o of_o parent_n and_o child_n by_o fraudulent_a way_n to_o make_v their_o grand_a law_n of_o nature_n and_o dictate_v of_o reason_n fruitless_a and_o of_o no_o effect_n likewise_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a that_o the_o law_n of_o a_o state_n have_v not_o declare_v any_o thing_n against_o honour_n reverence_n and_o awful_a respect_n which_o nature_n itself_o have_v enjoin_v child_n to_o yield_v unto_o their_o parent_n except_o it_o do_v dispose_v and_o order_v the_o action_n and_o demeanour_n of_o child_n answerable_a to_o that_o very_a duty_n for_o if_o a_o state_n shall_v give_v child_n a_o freedom_n to_o bring_v like_o action_n and_o accusation_n against_o their_o parent_n as_o against_o other_o or_o to_o marry_v without_o their_o consent_n or_o to_o give_v in_o evidence_n against_o they_o or_o shall_v not_o punish_v
order_n decree_n or_o judgement_n but_o against_o those_o only_a that_o be_v first_o call_v to_o see_v it_o do_v and_o therefore_o every_o judicial_a act_n do_v without_o warning_n give_v be_v account_v surreptitious_a and_o declare_v void_a and_o null_a 10._o null_a marant_a spec_fw-la part_n 4._o distinct_a num_fw-la 10._o the_o effect_n of_o which_o nullity_n be_v that_o as_o to_o he_o that_o be_v absent_a and_o not_o hear_v the_o cause_n be_v to_o begin_v again_o judicatum_fw-la tantum_fw-la inter_fw-la praesentes_fw-la tenet_fw-la say_v judic_n say_v lib._n 47_o dig_v de_fw-mi re_fw-mi judic_n paulus_n those_o that_o be_v in_o court_n only_o be_v bind_v by_o that_o which_o be_v decree_v neither_o shall_v a_o man_n lose_v his_o right_n for_o want_n of_o witness_n to_o prove_v it_o for_o if_o the_o matter_n be_v transact_v between_o he_o and_o his_o adversary_n only_o so_o that_o his_o adversary_n be_v bring_v upon_o his_o oath_n must_v need_v confess_v the_o whole_a matter_n the_o law_n will_v enjoin_v a_o man_n to_o answer_v though_o against_o himself_o and_o to_o his_o own_o prejudice_n rather_o than_o that_o the_o truth_n shall_v suffer_v and_o wrong_n shall_v prevail_v i_o may_v take_v the_o same_o advantage_n also_o if_o my_o witness_n live_v afar_o off_o or_o that_o i_o will_v avoid_v the_o trouble_n and_o charge_n of_o examine_v they_o or_o that_o my_o adversary_n will_v confess_v more_o to_o my_o benefit_n than_o my_o witness_n will_v be_v able_a to_o prove_v and_o he_o that_o be_v cast_v by_o his_o own_o confession_n be_v more_o powerful_o condemn_v than_o he_o can_v be_v by_o any_o kind_n of_o evidence_n whatsoever_o 2._o whatsoever_o confessio_fw-la est_fw-la probatro_fw-la probata_fw-la neque_fw-la ullae_fw-la est_fw-la probatio_fw-la illa_fw-la major_n l._n 1._o dig._n de_fw-fr confess_v vulteii_fw-la ju_n isp_n roman_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 2._o for_o that_o can_v be_v subject_a either_o to_o mistake_v or_o falsehood_n as_o other_o testimony_n may_v be_v but_o witness_n be_v then_o of_o use_n if_o he_o deny_v what_o i_o charge_v upon_o he_o who_o if_o they_o be_v far_o distant_a or_o through_o scknesse_n imprisonment_n or_o other_o occasion_n be_v not_o able_a to_o come_v the_o law_n have_v a_o ready_a way_n to_o relieve_v i_o for_o i_o may_v have_v a_o commission_n to_o examine_v they_o where_o they_o live_v it_o be_v too_o great_a a_o oppression_n that_o i_o must_v lose_v my_o right_n because_o my_o witness_n can_v be_v bring_v to_o the_o bar_n insomuch_o as_o if_o they_o be_v travail_v into_o foreign_a part_n i_o shall_v have_v letter_n of_o request_n grant_v i_o to_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o place_n where_o they_o remain_v pray_v they_o to_o examine_v they_o upon_o the_o matter_n in_o issue_n and_o to_o transmit_v their_o testimony_n else_o regular_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n they_o be_v to_o be_v examine_v in_o open_a court_n that_o it_o may_v be_v see_v whether_o their_o countenance_n do_v not_o contradict_v what_o their_o tongue_n declare_v ibid._n declare_v lib._n 3._o sect._n 3._o dig_v de_fw-fr test_n &_o gothofred_n ibid._n neither_o do_v the_o civil_a law_n require_v direct_a and_o positive_a proof_n only_o but_o it_o will_v admit_v of_o strong_a and_o forcible_a presumption_n also_o that_o by_o argument_n of_o conjecture_n draw_v from_o one_o thing_n to_o another_o bring_v forth_o the_o certainty_n of_o the_o thing_n in_o issue_n par_fw-fr est_fw-fr probationi_fw-la praesumptio_fw-la quod_fw-la quidem_fw-la ad_fw-la effectum_fw-la attinet_fw-la quiae_fw-la pro_fw-la probatione_fw-la habetur_fw-la say_v 14._o say_v pâ—rat_fw-la dig._n de_fw-fr prob_fw-la &_o praesumpt_n num_fw-la 14._o wesenbeck_n presumption_n be_v equivalent_a to_o proof_n and_o there_o be_v the_o same_o effect_n in_o both_o and_o if_o a_o presumptive_a proof_n be_v not_o as_o effectual_a to_o carry_v the_o right_n as_o any_o other_o kind_n of_o evidence_n in_o vain_a do_v menochius_fw-la bestow_v his_o pain_n when_o he_o make_v that_o very_o long_a and_o most_o elaborate_a treatise_n of_o that_o subject_n only_o but_o yet_o no_o proof_n whether_o it_o be_v presumptive_a only_o or_o whether_o it_o be_v direct_a and_o evident_a to_o the_o thing_n itself_o be_v sufficient_a except_o it_o be_v make_v out_o by_o the_o testimony_n of_o two_o witness_n for_o by_o that_o law_n testimonium_fw-la unius_fw-la est_fw-la testimonium_fw-la nullius_fw-la one_o witness_n and_o no_o witness_n at_o all_o be_v all_o alike_o and_o so_o constantine_n the_o emperor_n have_v very_o emphatical_o declare_v in_o these_o word_n manifestè_fw-la sancimus_fw-la ut_fw-la unius_fw-la omnino_fw-la testis_fw-la responsio_fw-la non_fw-la audiatur_fw-la etiamsi_fw-la praeclarae_fw-la curiae_fw-la honore_fw-la praefulgeat_fw-la test_n praefulgeat_fw-la l._n 9_o cold_a test_n we_o express_o require_v that_o the_o testimony_n of_o one_o witness_n be_v not_o take_v although_o he_o have_v the_o stamp_n of_o high_a dignity_n upon_o he_o for_o it_o be_v hard_a and_o dangerous_a that_o a_o man_n whole_a right_n and_o interest_n of_o what_o value_n soever_o it_o be_v shall_v depend_v upon_o the_o testimony_n of_o a_o single_a person_n only_o who_o if_o he_o be_v honest_a and_o sincere_a yet_o through_o want_n of_o good_a observation_n or_o by_o a_o fail_a memory_n may_v report_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n otherwise_o then_o indeed_o it_o be_v yet_o in_o matter_n of_o small_a prejudice_n and_o value_n the_o civil_a law_n do_v allow_v of_o the_o testimony_n of_o one_o witness_n if_o the_o plaintiff_n himself_o can_v swear_v the_o thing_n in_o demand_n be_v true_a for_o in_o that_o case_n his_o aver_n upon_o oath_n as_o much_o as_o his_o witness_n have_v swear_v do_v supply_v the_o testimony_n of_o another_o winesse_n 68_o winesse_n mince_v cent_n 1._o observe_v 68_o howbeit_o the_o civil_a law_n have_v a_o further_a care_n yet_o for_o before_o it_o will_v suffer_v any_o man_n right_a to_o be_v judge_v away_o from_o he_o it_o will_v see_v not_o only_o a_o competent_a number_n of_o witness_n but_o they_o must_v swear_v of_o their_o knowledge_n too_o prob._n too_o l._n neque_fw-la natales_fw-la co._n de_fw-fr prob._n and_o it_o do_v cast_v a_o very_a considerate_a eye_n upon_o their_o reputation_n and_o quality_n also_o it_o give_v way_n therefore_o to_o the_o prove_v of_o any_o remarkable_a exception_n that_o can_v be_v bring_v against_o they_o testium_fw-la fides_fw-la say_v callistratus_n diligenter_n examinanda_fw-la est_fw-la ideoque_fw-la in_o persona_fw-la eorum_fw-la exploranda_fw-la erunt_fw-la inprimis_fw-la conditio_fw-la cujusque_fw-la utrum_fw-la quis_fw-la decurio_fw-la a_o plebeius_fw-la sit_fw-la &_o a_o honestae_fw-la &_o inculpata_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la aen_fw-la vero_fw-la notatus_fw-la quis_fw-la &_o reprehensibilis_fw-la a_o locuple_n vel_fw-la egens_fw-la sit_fw-la ut_fw-la lucri_fw-la causa_fw-la quid_fw-la facilè_fw-la admittat_fw-la vel_fw-la a_fw-mi inimicus_fw-la ei_fw-la sit_fw-la adversus_fw-la quem_fw-la testimonium_fw-la fert_fw-la vel_fw-la amicus_fw-la ei_fw-la sit_fw-la pro_fw-la quo_fw-la testimonium_fw-la that_fw-mi nam_fw-la si_fw-la careat_fw-la suspicion_n testimonium_fw-la vel_fw-la propter_fw-la personam_fw-la à _fw-la quae_fw-la fertur_fw-la quòd_fw-la honesta_fw-la sit_fw-la vel_fw-la propter_fw-la causam_fw-la quòd_fw-la neque_fw-la lucri_fw-la neque_fw-la gratiae_fw-la neque_fw-la inimâ—citiae_fw-la causa_fw-la sit_fw-la admittendus_fw-la est_fw-la test_n est_fw-la lib_fw-la 3_o dig._n the_o test_n the_o sincerity_n of_o witness_n be_v strict_o to_o be_v inquire_v after_o therefore_o as_o to_o their_o person_n the_o condition_n of_o every_o witness_n must_v be_v examine_v whehe_fw-ge be_v a_o magistrate_n or_o a_o common_a person_n whether_o he_o be_v of_o good_a and_o unblameable_a life_n or_o whether_o he_o lie_v open_a to_o just_a reproof_n or_o have_v be_v any_o way_n asperse_v whether_o he_o be_v able_a or_o necessitous_a so_o that_o he_o may_v be_v tempt_v to_o transgress_v for_o filthy_a lucre_n sake_n whether_o he_o be_v a_o enemy_n to_o he_o against_o who_o he_o come_v to_o testify_v or_o whether_o he_o be_v gracious_a with_o he_o who_o witness_n he_o be_v to_o be_v for_o if_o his_o testimony_n be_v void_a of_o all_o suspicion_n either_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o person_n as_o that_o he_o be_v honest_a or_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o cause_n as_o that_o there_o be_v neither_o gain_n nor_o affection_n nor_o enmity_n to_o corrupt_v he_o he_o be_v to_o be_v allow_v moreover_o it_o leave_v a_o latitude_n to_o every_o court_n of_o judicature_n to_o give_v such_o a_o time_n both_o to_o plaintiff_n and_o defendant_n to_o prove_v as_o the_o distance_n of_o place_n from_o whence_o the_o proof_n be_v to_o be_v bring_v do_v necessary_o require_v neither_o do_v it_o exact_a that_o plaintiff_n and_o defendant_n shall_v prove_v within_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n but_o the_o defendant_n begin_v to_o prove_v his_o defeuce_n after_o the_o plaintiff_n proof_n be_v end_v 20._o end_v speculat_v de_fw-fr rest_n sect_n qualise_a num_fw-la 20._o when_o both_o have_v do_v the_o judge_n be_v to_o conclude_v the_o cause_n by_o which_o all_o
god_n have_v give_v to_o the_o world_n it_o be_v to_o be_v discover_v no_o where_n soon_o than_o from_o that_o which_o not_o only_o one_o whole_a nation_n have_v agr_v upon_o and_o establish_v for_o a_o law_n among_o themselves_o but_o which_o other_o nation_n beside_o they_o have_v allow_v for_o true_a reason_n and_o practise_v the_o same_o also_o within_o their_o several_a territory_n for_o many_o hundred_o of_o year_n together_o for_o the_o most_o certain_a token_n of_o evident_a reason_n be_v if_o the_o general_a persuasion_n of_o all_o man_n do_v so_o account_v it_o and_o when_o the_o judgement_n of_o all_o man_n general_o or_o for_o the_o most_o part_n run_v one_o and_o the_o same_o way_n non_fw-la potest_fw-la error_n contingere_fw-la ubi_fw-la omnes_fw-la idem_fw-la opinantur_fw-la &_o quicquid_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la individuis_fw-la unius_fw-la speciei_fw-la communiter_fw-la inest_fw-la id_fw-la causam_fw-la communem_fw-la habeat_fw-la oportet_fw-la quae_fw-la est_fw-la eorum_fw-la individuorum_fw-la species_n &_o natura_fw-la no_o error_n be_v to_o be_v fear_v in_o such_o matter_n where_o all_o man_n be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n and_o what_o be_v ingraft_v in_o every_o individual_a of_o the_o same_o species_n must_v necessary_o proceed_v from_o one_o common_a cause_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o their_o very_a nature_n the_o general_a and_o perpetual_a voice_n of_o man_n be_v as_o the_o sentence_n of_o god_n himself_o for_o that_o which_o all_o man_n have_v at_o all_o time_n learned_a nature_n herself_o must_v needs_o have_v teach_v and_o god_n be_v the_o author_n of_o nature_n her_o voice_n be_v but_o his_o instrument_n by_o she_o from_o he_o we_o receive_v whatsoever_o in_o such_o sort_n we_o learn_v when_o therefore_o we_o say_v that_o the_o law_n of_o a_o nation_n ought_v to_o be_v conformable_a to_o reason_n we_o mean_v and_o intend_v such_o reason_n as_o other_o nation_n and_o man_n do_v general_o by_o the_o instinct_n of_o nature_n the_o mean_n of_o good_a literature_n and_o their_o insight_n in_o civil_a affair_n understand_v and_o agree_v to_o be_v reason_n in_o such_o matter_n non_fw-la enim_fw-la licet_fw-la naturale_fw-la universaleque_fw-la hominum_fw-la judicîum_fw-la falsum_fw-la vanumque_fw-la existimare_fw-la it_o be_v not_o fit_v to_o question_v that_o which_o be_v general_o allow_v by_o all_o man_n and_o that_o law_n that_o approach_v and_o come_v near_a to_o such_o common_a and_o universal_a reason_n be_v the_o true_a and_o perfect_a law_n of_o all_o other_o and_o make_v the_o people_n most_o happy_a and_o quiet_a that_o live_v under_o it_o howbeit_o since_o this_o be_v a_o blessing_n that_o every_o nation_n do_v not_o enjoy_v froward_a &_o perverse_a man_n must_v not_o take_v a_o occasion_n from_o hence_o to_o despise_v and_o quarrel_v with_o their_o own_o law_n upon_o pretence_n that_o they_o be_v irrational_a cognitio_fw-la de_fw-la bene_fw-la &_o malo_fw-la non_fw-la pertinet_fw-la ad_fw-la singulos_fw-la omne_fw-la judicium_fw-la in_o civitate_fw-la est_fw-la illius_fw-la qui_fw-la glaedium_fw-la belli_fw-la &_o gladium_fw-la justitiae_fw-la gerit_fw-la regulae_fw-la boni_fw-la &_o mali_fw-la justi_fw-la &_o injusti_fw-la honesti_fw-la &_o inhonesti_fw-la sunt_fw-la leges_fw-la civiles_fw-la ideoque_fw-la quod_fw-la legislator_n praeceperit_fw-la id_fw-la pro_fw-la bono_fw-mi qnod_n vetuerit_fw-la id_fw-la pro_fw-la malo_fw-la habendum_fw-la est_fw-la to_o judge_v what_o be_v good_a and_o what_o be_v evil_a in_o a_o common_a society_n belong_v not_o to_o any_o that_o be_v under_o rule_n but_o to_o he_o or_o they_o sole_o in_o who_o the_o supreme_a power_n rest_v the_o measure_n of_o good_a and_o evil_a just_a and_o unjust_a honest_a and_o dishonest_a be_v single_o the_o law_n of_o every_o state_n therefore_o what_o the_o lawgiver_n do_v prescribe_v with_o subject_n must_v pass_v for_o good_a and_o what_o he_o forbid_v they_o must_v look_v upon_o as_o evil_a till_o he_o think_v fit_v to_o order_n and_o declare_v otherwise_o insomuch_o as_o neither_o the_o judge_n nor_o magistrate_n themselves_o can_v dispute_v or_o judge_n thereof_o in_o temporal_a bus_fw-la legibus_fw-la quanquam_fw-la de_fw-la his_fw-la homines_fw-la judicent_fw-la cùm_fw-la case_z instituunt_fw-la tamen_fw-la cùm_fw-la fuerint_fw-la institutae_fw-la &_o firmatae_fw-la non_fw-la licebit_fw-la judici_fw-la de_fw-la ipsis_fw-la judicare_fw-la sed_fw-la secundum_fw-la ipsas_fw-la say_v s._n augustine_n as_o he_o be_v cite_v by_o the_o canon_n law_n 4._o law_n cap._n 3._o dist_n 4._o in_o temporal_a law_n though_o they_o may_v be_v debate_v by_o any_o man_n while_o they_o be_v in_o make_v yet_o when_o they_o be_v once_o agree_v on_o and_o full_o pass_v the_o judge_n shall_v judge_v by_o they_o but_o of_o they_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o judge_v in_o press_v then_o that_o a_o law_n ought_v to_o be_v agreeable_a to_o right_a reason_n the_o argument_n be_v direct_v to_o the_o lawgiver_n not_o to_o the_o subject_a and_o the_o scope_n of_o it_o be_v to_o show_v rather_o what_o a_o law_n ought_v to_o be_v then_o to_o quarrel_v with_o any_o particular_a law_n because_o it_o be_v not_o so_o rational_a as_o it_o shall_v be_v and_o as_o other_o law_n be_v but_o withal_o it_o profess_o aim_v to_o discover_v the_o strange_a weakness_n of_o those_o that_o when_o other_o nation_n hold_v fast_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n as_o be_v the_o sum_n and_o substance_n of_o all_o humane_a reason_n they_o be_v willing_a to_o forgo_v it_o quite_o when_o they_o have_v have_v the_o conjunction_n and_o assistance_n thereof_o so_o long_o in_o this_o nation_n and_o may_v with_o so_o much_o ease_n and_o advantage_n keep_v it_o still_o to_o who_o i_o shall_v give_v no_o '_o other_o caution_n than_o what_o ulpian_n one_o of_o the_o grave_a sage_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n give_v print_n give_v l._n 2._o dig._n de_fw-fr constit_fw-la print_n in_o rebus_fw-la novis_fw-la constituendis_fw-la evidens_fw-la esse_fw-la utilitas_fw-la debet_fw-la ut_fw-la recedatur_fw-la ab_fw-la eo_fw-la jure_fw-la quod_fw-la diu_fw-la aequum_fw-la visum_fw-la est_fw-la among_o other_o alteration_n say_v he_o that_o be_v be_v it_o government_n or_o what_o ever_o else_o that_o come_v to_o be_v alter_v in_o a_o state_n yet_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v some_o apparent_a advantage_n that_o shall_v induce_v a_o nation_n to_o part_v with_o that_o law_n that_o have_v by_o long_o use_v be_v find_v to_o be_v very_o equal_a chap._n iu._n that_o reason_n be_v not_o so_o strict_o require_v in_o the_o law_n that_o order_v the_o affair_n of_o state_n as_o in_o that_o that_o settle_v the_o difference_n that_o arise_v between_o man_n and_o man._n if_o then_o we_o will_v know_v when_o reason_n ought_v to_o manifest_v itself_o in_o a_o law_n and_o when_o it_o be_v not_o so_o strict_o require_v but_o that_o some_o deviation_n may_v be_v permit_v we_o must_v observe_v a_o wide_a difference_n between_o the_o public_a affair_n of_o state_n and_o those_o of_o the_o subject_n own_o in_o their_o private_a deal_n and_o controversy_n with_o one_o another_o for_o although_o all_o the_o affair_n of_o a_o nation_n both_o public_a and_o private_a must_v be_v under_o the_o provision_n and_o rule_n of_o the_o law_n yet_o be_v it_o not_o necessary_a that_o they_o shall_v both_o be_v regulate_v in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o manner_n nor_o by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o reason_n for_o there_o be_v a_o reason_n of_o state_n as_o well_o as_o a_o reason_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o law_n for_o public_a matter_n because_o they_o respect_v the_o welfare_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o whole_a society_n mere_o and_o so_o be_v not_o to_o be_v tie_v to_o the_o same_o rule_v every_o where_o a_o strict_a adherence_n to_o natural_a equity_n and_o common_a reason_n be_v not_o require_v safety_n and_o convenience_n be_v reason_n enough_o to_o justify_v they_o so_o they_o encourage_v virtue_n punish_v vice_n maintain_v trade_n and_o industry_n and_o uphold_v religion_n yet_o it_o be_v the_o happy_a when_o there_o be_v the_o least_o aberration_n from_o common_a equity_n and_o know_a reason_n even_o in_o those_o thing_n wherein_o the_o whole_a commonwealth_n be_v principal_o concern_v but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o there_o be_v such_o multitude_n of_o people_n such_o difference_n of_o degree_n quality_n and_o condition_n and_o such_o perversity_n of_o will_n humour_n and_o affection_n in_o every_o commonwealth_n that_o no_o humane_a wit_n be_v able_a by_o sweet_a equitable_a way_n to_o reduce_v they_o to_o that_o perfect_a temperature_n and_o harmony_n which_o be_v requisite_a for_o the_o conservation_n of_o civil_a unity_n this_o may_v partly_o be_v judge_v by_o the_o government_n of_o a_o family_n be_v it_o great_a or_o little_a which_o be_v many_o time_n turn_v upside_o down_o and_o dissolve_v by_o the_o perverse_a humour_n of_o some_o one_o or_o two_o not_o corrigible_a by_o any_o wholesome_a counsel_n or_o moderate_a chastisement_n of_o the_o head_n of_o it_o what_o marvel_n be_v it_o then_o if_o in_o whole_a kingdom_n
constitution_n and_o language_n soever_o it_o be_v the_o common_a 6._o common_a nihil_fw-la principe_fw-la diguius_fw-la nihil_fw-la magis_fw-la optandum_fw-la quà m_fw-la dissidiorum_fw-la ac_fw-la bellorum_fw-la inter_fw-la popules_fw-la arbitrum_fw-la â—ieri_fw-la ut_fw-la olim_fw-la sâ—natus_n populufque_fw-la romanus_n propter_fw-la summam_fw-la virtutis_fw-la quam_fw-la de_fw-la se_fw-la ipse_fw-la concitarat_n â—pinionem_fw-la bodin_n de_fw-fr rep_n lib_n 5._o ca._n 6._o judge_n and_o umpire_n to_o arbitrate_v the_o difference_n of_o other_o prince_n and_o people_n it_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o learning_n and_o receptacle_n of_o all_o learned_a man_n it_o continue_v flourish_v many_o hundred_o of_o year_n during_o all_o which_o time_n it_o deal_v in_o affair_n of_o the_o great_a consequence_n and_o variety_n and_o do_v increase_v in_o great_a plenty_n and_o abundance_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o whatsoever_o be_v in_o any_o kind_a rare_a curious_a or_o exquisite_a in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n beside_o it_o be_v bring_v thither_o and_o therefore_o athenaeus_n have_v not_o doubt_v to_o call_v rome_n in_o express_a term_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o abridgement_n and_o summary_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n as_o if_o rome_n want_v nothing_o which_o all_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n afford_v or_o as_o if_o we_o ought_v to_o esteem_v it_o orbem_fw-la in_o vrbs_fw-la the_o wide_a world_n confine_v in_o that_o one_o city_n in_o congruity_n therefore_o of_o reason_n must_v it_o be_v conclude_v that_o a_o nation_n in_o all_o other_o thing_n so_o much_o superior_a unto_o other_o must_v also_o have_v law_n and_o rule_n of_o conduct_n proportionable_a else_o can_v they_o never_o have_v bring_v to_o pass_v so_o great_a and_o glorious_a thing_n as_o they_o do_v for_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o wholesome_a law_n and_o prudent_a order_n be_v it_o that_o great_a achievement_n be_v accomplish_v in_o a_o commonwealth_n and_o such_o mighty_a work_n effect_v hereupon_o tully_n contemplate_v the_o law_n of_o rome_n as_o well_o as_o their_o riches_n do_v deelare_v tautam_fw-la sapientiam_fw-la majoribus_fw-la suis_fw-la in_o jure_fw-la constituendo_fw-la fuisse_fw-la quanta_fw-la fuit_fw-la in_o his_o tantis_fw-la opibus_fw-la imperii_fw-la comparandia_fw-la they_o show_v as_o great_a wisdom_n in_o frame_v their_o law_n as_o they_o do_v in_o get_v the_o infinite_a wealth_n which_o their_o state_n then_o have_v and_o well_o it_o be_v observe_v and_o deliver_v by_o many_o late_a writer_n that_o in_o the_o roman_a empire_n the_o greatness_n thereof_o be_v rather_o to_o be_v impute_v and_o ascribe_v to_o the_o wisdom_n of_o their_o law_n and_o government_n then_o to_o their_o arm_n and_o valour_n and_o although_o in_o vegetius_n his_o opinion_n disciplina_fw-la militaris_fw-la acriter_fw-la retenta_fw-la principatam_fw-la terrarum_fw-la romano_n imperio_fw-la peperit_fw-la their_o strict_a hold_v to_o the_o rule_n of_o martial_a discipline_n make_v the_o roman_n master_n of_o the_o world_n yet_o sulpitius_n the_o poet_n will_v not_o give_v it_o to_o that_o only_a for_o in_o his_o judgement_n duo_o sunt_fw-la quibus_fw-la extulit_fw-la ingens_fw-la roma_fw-it caput_fw-la virtus_fw-la belli_fw-la &_o sapientia_fw-la pacis_fw-la it_o be_v their_o wise_a government_n in_o peace_n as_o well_o as_o their_o success_n in_o war_n that_o do_v so_o high_o advance_v their_o city_n for_o what_o their_o arm_n do_v get_v their_o law_n do_v keep_v according_a to_o the_o say_n of_o florus_n viribus_fw-la parantur_fw-la provinciae_fw-la jure_fw-la retinentur_fw-la thomas_n aquinas_n 5._o aquinas_n lib._n 3._o de_fw-fr re._n gim_fw-la prineip_n ca._n 5._o say_v that_o though_o they_o get_v the_o empire_n first_o by_o injustice_n rapine_n and_o bloodshed_n yet_o they_o do_v deserve_v to_o hold_v it_o and_o to_o have_v it_o establish_v upon_o they_o for_o the_o good_a law_n they_o have_v ordain_v saint_n austin_n 12._o austin_n lib._n 5._o de_fw-fr civet_n dei_fw-la ca_fw-mi 12._o design_v to_o set_v down_o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o god_n do_v so_o exalt_v and_o enlarge_v the_o roman_a empire_n and_o what_o action_n be_v the_o cause_n thereof_o impute_v it_o to_o their_o virtue_n and_o to_o their_o heroic_a and_o gallant_a mind_n to_o their_o prudence_n and_o honesty_n rather_o than_o to_o their_o strength_n and_o power_n for_o he_o bring_v in_o cato_n speak_v to_o the_o roman_n of_o his_o own_o time_n that_o have_v much_o degenerate_v from_o their_o ancestor_n think_v not_o say_v he_o that_o our_o ancestry_n bring_v the_o city_n into_o this_o height_n by_o arm_n if_o it_o be_v so_o we_o shall_v make_v it_o far_o more_o admirable_a than_o ever_o for_o we_o have_v great_a plenty_n and_o abundance_n of_o man_n more_o confederate_n a_o great_a store_n also_o of_o arm_n and_o horse_n than_o they_o have_v but_o they_o have_v other_o mean_n which_o we_o want_v industry_n at_o home_n equity_n abroad_o freedom_n in_o consultation_n and_o purity_n of_o mind_n in_o all_o man_n free_a from_o lust_n and_o enormity_n for_o these_o we_o have_v get_v riot_n and_o avarice_n public_a beggary_n and_o private_a wealth_n riches_n we_o praise_v and_o sloth_n we_o follow_v good_a and_o bad_a be_v now_o undistinguished_a ambition_n devour_v all_o the_o reward_n due_a to_o virtue_n nor_o wonder_v at_o it_o when_o each_o one_o patch_v up_o a_o private_a estate_n when_o you_o serve_v your_o lust_n at_o home_n and_o your_o profit_n and_o partiality_n here_o in_o the_o senate_n this_o be_v it_o that_o lay_v the_o state_n open_a to_o all_o incursion_n of_o other_o again_o in_o the_o same_o place_n he_o say_v of_o they_o that_o they_o be_v greedy_a of_o praise_n and_o bountiful_a of_o their_o purse_n they_o love_v glory_n and_o wealth_n honest_o get_v honour_n they_o dear_o affect_v but_o through_o virtue_n offer_v willing_o both_o their_o life_n and_o their_o estate_n for_o renown_n the_o zealous_a desire_n of_o this_o one_o thing_n make_v they_o set_v aside_o all_o other_o inordinate_a affection_n whatsoever_o and_o hence_o they_o desire_v to_o keep_v their_o country_n first_o in_o freedom_n and_o then_o in_o sovereignty_n because_o they_o see_v how_o baseness_n go_v with_o servitude_n and_o glory_n with_o dominion_n seterunt_fw-la dominion_n amorc_n primitùs_fw-la libertatis_fw-la post_fw-la etiam_fw-la demin_fw-fr â—tionis_fw-la &_o cupidit_fw-la te_fw-la laudis_fw-la &_o glow_n i._o e_fw-la multa_fw-la magna_fw-la seterunt_fw-la and_o then_o conclude_v wherefore_o say_v he_o whereas_o the_o monarchy_n of_o the_o east_n have_v be_v a_o long_a time_n glorious_a god_n resoluèd_v to_o erect_v one_o now_o in_o the_o west_n also_o which_o although_o it_o be_v after_o they_o in_o time_n yet_o shall_v be_v before_o they_o in_o greatness_n and_o dignity_n and_o this_o he_o leave_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o such_o man_n which_o he_o suppose_v be_v not_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o people_n but_o some_o few_o only_a but_o those_o very_a good_a and_o gallant_a man_n to_o punish_v the_o loud_a and_o cry_a guilt_n of_o other_o nation_n and_o those_o man_n be_v such_o as_o for_o honour_n and_o domination_n sake_n will_v have_v a_o absolute_a care_n of_o their_o country_n whence_o they_o receive_v this_o honour_n and_o will_v not_o stick_v to_o lay_v down_o their_o own_o life_n for_o their_o fellow_n suppress_v covetousness_n and_o all_o other_o vice_n only_o with_o the_o desire_n of_o honour_n pente_n honour_n pro_fw-la islouno_fw-it vitio_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la amore_fw-la laudis_fw-la pecuniae_fw-la cupiditatem_fw-la &_o multâ—_fw-la alit_fw-la vitia_fw-la corrum_fw-la pente_n and_o then_o in_o the_o fifteen_o chapter_n of_o the_o same_o book_n speak_v still_o of_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o course_n they_o take_v in_o the_o prudent_a conduct_n of_o their_o affair_n he_o close_v thus_o most_o excellent_o his_o emnibus_fw-la artibus_fw-la tanquam_fw-la vera_fw-la via_fw-la nisi_fw-la sunt_fw-la ad_fw-la honores_fw-la imperium_fw-la gloriam_fw-la honour_n ati_fw-la sunt_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la fere_n gentibus_fw-la imperii_fw-la svi_fw-la leges_fw-la imposuerunt_fw-la multis_fw-la gentibus_fw-la hodieque_fw-la litter_n be_v &_o historia_fw-la gloriosi_fw-la sunt_fw-la pene_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la gentibus_fw-la non_fw-fr est_fw-fr quòd_fw-la de_fw-fr summi_fw-la &_o very_fw-la dei_fw-la justitia_fw-la conquerantur_fw-la perceperunt_fw-la mercedem_fw-la svam_fw-la by_o these_o art_n as_o by_o sure_a step_n they_o climb_v to_o honour_n rule_n glory_n their_o name_n be_v magnify_v almost_o in_o all_o nation_n they_o send_v out_o their_o law_n to_o many_o nation_n and_o they_o be_v obey_v there_o be_v almost_o no_o nation_n but_o their_o history_n and_o writing_n mention_v they_o no_o reason_n have_v they_o to_o murmur_v at_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o true_a and_o high_a god_n they_o have_v have_v their_o reward_n nitebantur_fw-la reward_n terrenam_fw-la gloriam_fw-la excellentissimi_fw-la imperii_fw-la deus_fw-la â—orcessit_fw-la ut_fw-la redderctur_n merces_fw-la bonis_fw-la artibus_fw-la corum_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la virtutibus_fw-la quibus_fw-la ad_fw-la tan_o tam_fw-la gloriam_fw-la pervenire_fw-la nitebantur_fw-la although_o therefore_o the_o roman_n
private_a man_n we_o know_v for_o certain_a that_o at_o the_o first_o erect_v of_o commonweal_n when_o some_o certain_a kind_n of_o regiment_n be_v once_o approve_v nothing_o be_v then_o further_o think_v upon_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o govern_v but_o all_o permit_v unto_o their_o wisdom_n and_o discretion_n which_o be_v to_o rule_v the_o prince_n word_n beck_n and_o rule_v serve_v instead_o of_o all_o law_n who_o both_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o war_n send_v out_o their_o edict_n from_o time_n to_o time_n as_o the_o present_a occasion_n require_v all_o depend_v upon_o their_o full_a and_o absolute_a power_n be_v themselves_o not_o bind_v to_o any_o law_n or_o custom_n at_o all_o and_o that_o be_v it_o for_o which_o pomponius_n princ_fw-la pomponius_n l._n 2._o dig._n de_fw-fr orig._n jur_fw-fr in_o princ_fw-la write_v the_o roman_a common-weal_n to_o have_v be_v at_o the_o first_o govern_v by_o regal_a power_n without_o use_n of_o any_o law_n justin_n 2._o justin_n lib._n 2._o say_v of_o athens_n that_o there_o be_v a_o time_n when_o nullae_fw-la civitati_fw-la leges_fw-la erant_fw-la quia_fw-la libido_fw-la regum_fw-la pro_fw-la legibus_fw-la habebatur_fw-la that_o the_o city_n be_v without_o law_n because_o the_o will_n of_o king_n be_v law_n and_o josephus_n the_o historiographer_n in_o his_o second_o book_n against_o appian_n desirous_a to_o show_v the_o most_o honourable_a antiquity_n of_o the_o hebrew_n and_o of_o their_o law_n say_v that_o moses_n of_o all_o other_o be_v the_o first_o that_o ever_o write_v law_n and_o that_o in_o five_o hundred_o year_n after_o the_o word_n law_n be_v never_o hear_v of_o allege_v in_o proof_n thereof_o that_o homer_n in_o so_o many_o book_n as_o be_v by_o he_o write_v never_o use_v this_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d law_n 6._o law_n bodin_n de_fw-fr rep_n lib._n 6._o ca._n 6._o it_o may_v therefore_o well_o be_v tell_v we_o that_o we_o have_v no_o cause_n to_o marvel_n if_o we_o have_v no_o law_n at_o all_o transmit_v unto_o we_o from_o those_o first_o time_n there_o be_v then_o no_o certain_a stand_a law_n any_o where_o yet_o i_o be_o sure_a afterward_o when_o all_o people_n see_v that_o to_o live_v by_o one_o man_n will_n become_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o man_n misery_n this_o do_v necessitate_v succeed_v age_n to_o come_v unto_o law_n establish_v wherein_o all_o man_n may_v see_v their_o duty_n beforehand_o and_o know_v the_o penalty_n of_o transgress_v they_o 6._o they_o ut_fw-la bonestorum_fw-la ac_fw-la turpium_fw-la lex_fw-la aeterna_fw-la in_o mentibus_fw-la unjuscujus_fw-la que_fw-fr nostrum_fw-la ab_fw-la immortali_fw-la deo_fw-la fit_a inscripta_fw-la poenae_fw-la tamen_fw-la quibus_fw-la improbi_fw-la ab_fw-la injuriosa_fw-la facinorosaque_fw-la vita_fw-la avocentur_fw-la in_fw-la animus_fw-la inscripta_fw-la à _fw-la deo_fw-la nullae_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la bodin_n de_fw-fr rep_n lib._n 6._o ca._n 6._o and_o be_v more_o secure_a against_o the_o irregular_a passion_n of_o their_o ruler_n who_o they_o find_v by_o woeful_a experience_n to_o be_v too_o apt_a to_o degenerate_v into_o tyranny_n and_o yet_o they_o have_v not_o rest_v here_o neither_o but_o have_v commit_v the_o same_o to_o writing_n that_o their_o subject_n may_v have_v they_o continual_o before_o their_o eye_n and_o to_o transmit_v they_o to_o posterity_n also_o lest_o they_o that_o shall_v come_v after_o shall_v vary_v from_o those_o foundation_n on_o which_o the_o state_n be_v first_o lay_v and_o so_o hasten_v the_o downfall_n of_o the_o whole_a society_n hence_o it_o have_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o law_n of_o some_o certain_a people_n have_v be_v more_o famous_a than_o the_o law_n of_o other_o and_o the_o author_n mention_v with_o high_a praise_n and_o commendation_n solon_n who_o make_v law_n for_o the_o athenian_n and_o be_v account_v one_o of_o the_o seven_o sage_n in_o greece_n be_v high_o commend_v for_o his_o great_a wisdom_n in_o make_v law_n both_o by_o aristotle_n and_o plato_n who_o propose_v he_o and_o lycurgus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a lawgiver_n as_o pattern_n for_o all_o such_o as_o shall_v institute_v commonwealth_n and_o devise_v law_n for_o they_o plato_n also_o praise_v the_o cretensian_a law_n and_o isocrates_n the_o law_n of_o lacedaemon_n zaleucus_n be_v upon_o record_n too_o for_o be_v a_o great_a lawgiver_n among_o the_o locrian_o and_o charondas_n have_v get_v himself_o a_o name_n for_o the_o law_n the_o thurian_o have_v from_o he_o and_o so_o have_v zamolxis_n pythagoras_n his_o scholar_n for_o the_o law_n he_o give_v the_o getae_n and_o yet_o of_o all_o these_o law_n so_o much_o extol_v and_o speak_v of_o among_o the_o learned_a there_o be_v not_o one_o extant_a to_o this_o day_n in_o any_o entire_a body_n i_o say_v in_o a_o entire_a body_n because_o of_o the_o attic_a law_n some_o fragment_n may_v be_v find_v which_o the_o industry_n of_o petitus_fw-la have_v collect_v out_o of_o several_a greek_a author_n as_o athenaeus_n plato_n plutarch_n demosthenes_n and_o other_o where_o they_o lay_v disperse_v which_o though_o they_o may_v busy_a critic_n and_o those_o that_o contemplate_v upon_o antiquity_n yet_o be_v of_o no_o use_n to_o govern_v a_o state_n by_o nor_o to_o decide_v difference_n that_o arise_v in_o common_a intercourse_n as_o it_o be_v no_o small_a wonder_n then_o so_o do_v it_o add_v much_o to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n that_o it_o have_v not_o be_v sweep_v away_o by_o that_o common_a fate_n under_o which_o these_o and_o all_o other_o ancient_a law_n have_v perish_v but_o be_v the_o sole_a survive_a law_n at_o this_o time_n the_o preservation_n whereof_o be_v the_o more_o to_o be_v admire_v if_o it_o be_v consider_v how_o by_o the_o storm_n and_o persecution_n of_o several_a age_n near_o it_o have_v be_v to_o be_v annihilate_v and_o quite_o suppress_v as_o all_o other_o law_n beside_o it_o have_v be_v for_o as_o the_o affair_n of_o state_n have_v succeed_v and_o as_o the_o emperor_n themselves_o have_v be_v virtuous_o or_o vicious_o incline_v so_o have_v it_o fare_v with_o this_o study_n and_o the_o professor_n of_o it_o and_o indeed_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n with_o all_o other_o kind_n of_o learning_n julius_n caesar_n augustus_n tiberius_n claudius_n vespasian_n trajan_n adrian_n antonius_n pius_n and_o marcus_n antoninus_n the_o philosopher_n alexander_n severus_n constantine_n theodosius_n and_o justinian_n that_o be_v emperor_n vigilant_a and_o industrious_a for_o the_o prosperity_n and_o weal_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o design_v nothing_o within_o themselves_o but_o action_n of_o virtue_n and_o honour_n &_o well_o know_v that_o their_o true_a interest_n lie_v in_o the_o maintain_n of_o the_o law_n and_o government_n without_o which_o all_o thing_n must_v needs_o run_v hasty_o into_o disorder_n and_o confusion_n they_o have_v the_o lawyer_n of_o their_o time_n in_o high_a esteem_n prefer_v they_o to_o the_o public_a office_n of_o state_n both_o of_o honour_n and_o justice_n and_o admit_v they_o into_o their_o secret_a and_o most_o important_a counsel_n and_o seldom_o be_v any_o law_n make_v to_o which_o they_o be_v not_o call_v to_o give_v their_o counsel_n and_o advise_v insomuch_o as_o it_o be_v write_v of_o alexander_n severus_n one_o of_o the_o before_o name_v emperor_n that_o he_o never_o establish_v any_o law_n without_o the_o presence_n and_o assistance_n of_o twenty_o of_o the_o most_o renown_a lawyer_n and_o fifty_o other_o most_o judicious_a and_o acute_a man_n 77._o man_n baldwin_n prolegom_n ju_fw-fr civil_a forster_n bist_fw-ge ju_n civ_o lib._n 2._o ca._n 77._o but_o there_o be_v other_o that_o sit_v in_o the_o empire_n of_o a_o far_o different_a nature_n and_o disposition_n who_o disdain_v that_o their_o will_n how_o vicious_a and_o lewd_a soever_o shall_v be_v circumscribe_v within_o the_o bound_n of_o any_o law_n and_o esteem_v it_o a_o dishonour_n that_o lawyer_n who_o be_v but_o private_a man_n shall_v undertake_v to_o advise_v prince_n or_o that_o any_o thing_n shall_v be_v do_v in_o state_n but_o what_o themselves_o absolute_o command_v some_o of_o they_o despise_v the_o whole_a law_n and_o slight_v those_o that_o teach_v it_o other_o proceed_v so_o far_o in_o cruelty_n as_o to_o banish_v some_o and_o to_o put_v other_o lawyer_n to_o death_n for_o so_o do_v nero_n commodus_n caracalla_n heliogabalus_n septimius_n severus_n but_o to_o persecute_v and_o take_v away_o their_o person_n do_v not_o satisfy_v the_o fury_n of_o some_o implacable_a emperor_n since_o other_o do_v succeed_v still_o in_o their_o room_n therefore_o it_o be_v think_v necessary_a by_o some_o that_o the_o law_n itself_o shall_v be_v so_o dispatch_v as_o it_o may_v be_v sure_a it_o shall_v never_o renew_v or_o rise_v again_o 1._o again_o annae_fw-la robert_n rer_n judic_fw-la lib._n 2._o ca._n 1._o caligula_n therefore_o put_v on_o a_o more_o hardy_a but_o a_o most_o barbarous_a resolution_n to_o burn_v all_o the_o book_n of_o the_o
that_o be_v prescribe_v they_o by_o their_o former_a ruler_n nor_o be_v the_o danger_n of_o their_o revolt_n quite_o over_o till_o they_o have_v quite_o forget_v their_o first_o condition_n and_o till_o a_o total_a change_n be_v make_v of_o law_n custom_n habit_n and_o language_n and_o who_o know_v not_o that_o it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sword_n be_v well_o fortify_v to_o impose_v what_o law_n and_o rule_n itself_o will_v upon_o a_o people_n who_o after_o a_o tedious_a and_o a_o destructive_a war_n will_v rather_o embrace_v a_o ill_a condition_a peace_n then_o run_v the_o hazard_n of_o a_o new_a war_n where_o they_o be_v sure_a to_o be_v swallow_v up_o in_o spoil_n and_o rapine_n in_o this_o decline_a therefore_o of_o the_o roman_a empire_n many_o province_n thereof_o be_v possess_v by_o several_a invader_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o conquer_a people_n give_v their_o own_o law_n to_o the_o conquer_a but_o rule_v most_o ensis_fw-la most_o juxta_fw-la illud_fw-la silii_fw-la vis_fw-fr colitur_fw-la jurisque_fw-la locum_fw-la sibi_fw-la vendicat_fw-la ensis_fw-la by_o power_n and_o arbitrary_a will_n in_o iis_fw-la seculis_fw-la say_v dr_n duck_n 7._o duck_n lib._n 1._o de_fw-fr author_n ju_n civ_o ca._n 7._o speak_v of_o the_o declension_n of_o the_o roman_a greatness_n non_fw-la erat_fw-la aliud_fw-la parendi_fw-la dominandive_n jus_o quà m_fw-la armorum_fw-la potentia_fw-la crassa_fw-la literarum_fw-la omnium_fw-la ignorantia_fw-la leges_fw-la omnes_fw-la barbaricae_fw-la gothicae_fw-la francicae_n lombardicaeve_fw-la sepultis_fw-la jam_fw-la legibus_fw-la romanis_n rerum_fw-la omnium_fw-la morumque_fw-la confusio_fw-la in_o those_o time_n there_o be_v no_o other_o rule_n but_o what_o the_o sword_n do_v give_v a_o gross_a ignorance_n of_o all_o literature_n the_o law_n all_o barbarous_a have_v from_o the_o goth_n franc_n lombard_n the_o roman_a law_n lie_v now_o in_o the_o grave_n and_o indeed_o a_o plain_a confusion_n of_o civility_n and_o all_o thing_n whatsoever_o ludovicus_n vives_z art_n vives_z lib._n 1._o de_fw-fr cause_n corrupt_v art_n mention_v the_o utter_a downfall_n that_o be_v of_o all_o learning_n at_o that_o time_n tell_v we_o also_o the_o politic_a reason_n that_o animate_v that_o savage_a people_n to_o deal_v so_o tragical_o with_o it_o irrisae_n sunt_fw-la ab_fw-la eye_n linguae_fw-la ac_fw-la studia_fw-la omne_fw-la say_v he_o nec_fw-la solùm_fw-la eye_n detractum_fw-la est_fw-la pretium_fw-la sed_fw-la contumelia_fw-la addita_fw-la seu_fw-la quòd_fw-la nollent_fw-la quenque_fw-la in_o victis_fw-la plus_fw-la sapere_fw-la quà m_fw-la victorem_fw-la &_o ut_fw-la cuique_fw-la esset_fw-la doctissimus_fw-la ita_fw-la crassis_fw-la illis_fw-la hominibus_fw-la inprimis_fw-la erat_fw-la suspectus_fw-la tanquam_fw-la vafer_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la fraud_n ac_fw-la dolos_fw-la maximè_fw-la appositus_fw-la sen_fw-la quòd_fw-la emolliri_fw-la per_fw-la haec_fw-la veram_fw-la virtutem_fw-la opinarentur_fw-la ac_fw-la minus_fw-la bello_fw-la idoneos_fw-la reddi_fw-la cvi_fw-la omne_fw-la illi_fw-la tum_fw-la tribuebant_fw-la laudem_fw-la gloriam_fw-la decus_fw-la ex_fw-la bello_fw-la uno_fw-la verum_fw-la germanumque_fw-la etiam_fw-la sempiternum_fw-la oriri_fw-la rati_fw-la they_o laugh_v at_o the_o variety_n of_o tongue_n and_o at_o all_o literature_n neither_o do_v they_o only_o distesteem_v they_o but_o they_o cast_v reproach_n upon_o they_o also_o either_o because_o they_o be_v not_o willing_a that_o any_o that_o they_o have_v now_o bring_v under_o subjection_n shall_v be_v wise_a than_o themselves_o who_o be_v blockish_a do_v cast_v a_o jealous_a eye_n upon_o those_o that_o be_v most_o know_v man_n as_o they_o that_o be_v subtle_a and_o fit_v for_o all_o politic_a and_o wily_a practice_n or_o because_o they_o have_v a_o conceit_n that_o learning_n do_v too_o much_o soften_v and_o enervate_a valour_n and_o render_v man_n unfit_a for_o war_n in_o the_o which_o they_o think_v all_o praise_n glory_n and_o renown_n do_v lie_v and_o that_o no_o where_o true_a and_o immortal_a honour_n be_v to_o be_v win_v but_o in_o war_n only_o which_o torrent_n of_o ruin_n then_o happen_v be_v the_o more_o unfortunate_a and_o fatal_a in_o regard_n through_o italy_n and_o the_o european_a nation_n be_v thus_o infest_a that_o which_o be_v the_o roman_a civil_a law_n now_o and_o be_v collect_v and_o put_v together_o by_o justinian_n himself_o and_o do_v bear_v his_o name_n though_o select_v out_o of_o a_o great_a confuse_a mass_n consist_v of_o near_o two_o thousand_o volume_n that_o have_v be_v 1400_o year_n a_o lay_v together_o by_o several_a lawyer_n can_v not_o have_v any_o place_n then_o in_o italy_n nor_o can_v ever_o get_v entrance_n into_o those_o part_n for_o 500_o year_n together_o after_o the_o death_n of_o justinian_n because_o this_o body_n of_o the_o law_n that_o be_v now_o extant_a be_v compile_v and_o put_v together_o at_o constantinople_n after_o the_o roman_a emperor_n have_v remove_v themselves_o thither_o and_o keep_v out_o of_o italy_n and_o the_o western_a part_n of_o the_o empire_n for_o all_o that_o time_n that_o those_o barbarian_n be_v possess_v of_o the_o same_o howbeit_o it_o be_v no_o less_o certain_a that_o the_o ancient_a civil_a law_n that_o be_v in_o be_v long_o before_o justinian_o time_n and_o that_o very_a frame_n and_o model_n thereof_o which_o be_v draw_v together_o and_o raise_v out_o of_o those_o ancient_a foundation_n by_o justinian_n himself_o be_v the_o sovereign_a and_o roll_a law_n at_o constantinople_n and_o all_o over_o the_o east_n where_o the_o roman_a empire_n then_o be_v and_o be_v translate_v into_o the_o greek_a tongue_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o people_n and_o there_o continue_v flourish_v at_o that_o time_n when_o the_o west_n will_v not_o admit_v it_o so_o that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o when_o it_o be_v drive_v or_o keep_v out_o it_o be_v by_o a_o barbarous_a people_n that_o follow_v all_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n and_o that_o it_o do_v not_o suffer_v alone_o but_o all_o civility_n and_o learning_n be_v banish_v with_o it_o too_o and_o that_o it_o be_v never_o so_o extirpate_v from_o off_o the_o earth_n but_o it_o have_v a_o be_v and_o continuance_n somewhere_o and_o yet_o there_o be_v a_o part_n of_o italy_n also_o namely_o the_o exarchate_o of_o ravenna_n consist_v of_o ten_o city_n with_o the_o territory_n belong_v to_o they_o which_o the_o barbarous_a people_n can_v not_o subdue_v nor_o make_v they_o change_v their_o governor_n government_n or_o law_n who_o be_v still_o rule_v by_o the_o viceroy_n and_o lieutenant_n of_o the_o constantinopolitan_a emperor_n be_v total_o govern_v by_o the_o roman_a law_n also_o as_o they_o be_v before_o and_o after_o the_o collection_n of_o law_n make_v by_o justinian_n be_v perfect_v and_o publish_v and_o be_v now_o to_o be_v the_o only_a law_n for_o the_o whole_a empire_n it_o be_v send_v to_o and_o embrace_v by_o the_o exarchate_o of_o ravenna_n and_o there_o practise_v though_o not_o where_o else_o throughout_o italy_n for_o 500_o year_n together_o notwithstanding_o it_o can_v be_v true_o affirm_v neither_o that_o even_o those_o part_n of_o italy_n which_o the_o roman_n have_v quite_o lose_v and_o be_v make_v subject_a to_o this_o barbarous_a people_n be_v total_o guide_v by_o another_o law_n and_o have_v none_o of_o the_o roman_a law_n to_o guide_v they_o for_o although_o the_o goth_n rule_v much_o by_o law_n of_o their_o own_o prescribe_v yet_o cassiodore_n write_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o theodorick_n and_o some_o of_o his_o successor_n the_o roman_a law_n that_o have_v be_v in_o use_n there_o before_o be_v also_o use_v still_o though_o but_o in_o a_o way_n of_o subserviency_n to_o their_o own_o and_o ataulphus_n full_o purpose_v romana_fw-la omne_fw-la adeo_fw-la in_o gothicum_fw-la nomen_fw-la moresque_fw-la mutare_fw-la ut_fw-la romanum_fw-la planè_fw-la obliteraretur_fw-la so_o to_o change_v all_o that_o be_v roman_a into_o the_o way_n and_o fashion_n of_o the_o gothick_n nation_n that_o nothing_o that_o be_v roman_n shall_v remain_v any_o long_o mr._n selden_n out_o of_o orosius_n 43._o orosius_n lib._n 7._o ca._n 43._o say_v upon_o better_a consideration_n have_v he_o change_v his_o resolution_n quite_o and_o do_v by_o all_o mean_n strive_v ut_fw-la romanae_fw-la restitutionis_fw-la author_n haberetur_fw-la postquam_fw-la esse_fw-la non_fw-la poterat_fw-la immutator_fw-la to_o be_v the_o chief_a setter_n up_o of_o the_o roman_a policy_n which_o he_o see_v he_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o throw_v down_o for_o the_o time_n therefore_o that_o the_o goth_n and_o lombard_n be_v possess_v of_o italy_n the_o code_n of_o theodosius_n and_o some_o thing_n take_v out_o of_o the_o gregorian_a and_o hermogenian_a code_o and_o gajus_n his_o institution_n vlpian_n fragment_n and_o the_o note_n and_o sentence_n of_o paulus_n all_o part_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o ancient_a than_o that_o body_n of_o law_n whereof_o justinian_n be_v the_o compiler_n be_v take_v in_o and_o admit_v into_o use_n together_o with_o their_o own_o law_n those_o province_n of_o france_n that_o be_v near_a
the_o roman_a law_n and_o now_o they_o be_v as_o it_o be_v unite_v together_o albeit_o there_o lie_v no_o tie_n of_o command_n upon_o we_o in_o spain_n to_o enforce_v a_o submission_n to_o it_o chap._n v._n the_o general_a admittance_n and_o use_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o foreign_a part_n be_v acknowledge_v by_o ourselves_o here_o in_o england_n i_o shall_v not_o travail_v any_o further_a to_o cite_v any_o more_o foreign_a testimony_n to_o prove_v that_o this_o law_n be_v general_o receive_v and_o practise_v by_o other_o nation_n and_o the_o rather_o because_o dr_n duck_n in_o his_o book_n have_v by_o variety_n of_o proof_n so_o sufficient_o make_v it_o good_a already_o but_o yet_o it_o be_v worth_a the_o set_n down_o what_o some_o of_o our_o own_o countryman_n have_v in_o their_o writing_n acknowledge_v to_o the_o very_a same_o purpose_n and_o those_o especial_o among_o the_o rest_n who_o interest_n and_o high_a valuation_n which_o they_o pass_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o their_o own_o country_n will_v not_o permit_v they_o to_o ascribe_v more_o to_o the_o civil_a law_n than_o the_o just_a truth_n will_v bear_v and_o it_o be_v most_o observable_a what_o king_n james_n himself_o the_o learnede_a of_o all_o modern_a prince_n say_v here_o in_o a_o speech_n make_v to_o no_o less_o solemn_a assembly_n than_o his_o lord_n and_o commons_o of_o parliament_n 1609._o parliament_n 21._o martii_fw-la 1609._o which_o we_o have_v extant_a among_o his_o print_a work_n as_o a_o king_n say_v he_o i_o have_v least_o cause_n of_o any_o man_n to_o dislike_v the_o common-law_n for_o no_o law_n can_v be_v more_o favourable_a and_o advantageous_a for_o a_o king_n and_o extend_v further_o his_o prerogative_n than_o it_o do_v and_o for_o a_o king_n of_o england_n to_o despise_v the_o the_o common-law_n it_o be_v to_o neglect_v his_o own_o crown_n yet_o say_v he_o i_o do_v great_o esteem_v the_o civil_a law_n the_o profession_n thereof_o serve_v more_o for_o general_a learning_n and_o be_v most_o necessary_a for_o matter_n of_o treaty_n with_o all_o foreign_a nation_n and_o i_o think_v that_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v take_v away_o it_o will_v make_v a_o entry_n to_o barbarism_n in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o will_v blemish_v the_o honour_n of_o england_n for_o it_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n lex_fw-la gentium_fw-la and_o maintain_v intercourse_n with_o all_o foreign_a nation_n but_o i_o only_o allow_v it_o to_o have_v course_n here_o according_a to_o those_o limit_n of_o jurisdiction_n which_o the_o common-law_n itself_o do_v allow_v it_o and_o therefore_o though_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a for_o the_o general_a government_n of_o the_o people_n here_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v it_o shall_v be_v extinct_a no_o more_o then_o because_o the_o latin_a tongue_n be_v not_o the_o mother_n or_o radical_a language_n of_o any_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n at_o this_o time_n that_o therefore_o the_o english_a tongue_n shall_v only_o now_o be_v learn_v in_o this_o kingdom_n which_o be_v to_o bring_v in_o barbarism_n and_o in_o another_o speech_n in_o star-chamber_n 1616._o star-chamber_n 20_o jun._n 1616._o print_v also_o god_n forbid_v say_v he_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n intend_v thereby_o chief_o the_o civil_a law_n shall_v be_v bar_v in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o that_o for_o two_o cause_n one_o because_o it_o be_v a_o law_n to_o satisfy_v stranger_n which_o will_v not_o hold_v themselves_o so_o well_o satisfy_v with_o other_o municipal_a law_n another_o to_o satisfy_v our_o own_o subject_n in_o matter_n of_o piracy_n marriage_n will_n and_o thing_n of_o like_a nature_n and_o again_o when_o he_o be_v so_o mighty_o press_v to_o have_v have_v a_o union_n of_o england_n and_o scotland_n under_o the_o same_o policy_n of_o law_n as_o they_o have_v but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o king_n in_o a_o speech_n make_v upon_o that_o subject_n 1607._o subject_n ult._n mart._n 1607._o extant_a in_o his_o print_a work_n he_o tell_v his_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n that_o in_o point_n of_o conjunction_n of_o nation_n the_o civil_a law_n ought_v to_o bear_v a_o great_a sway_n it_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n these_o be_v the_o expression_n of_o a_o king_n the_o interest_n of_o who_o crown_n and_o sceptre_n and_o the_o prerogative_n thereunto_o belong_v do_v depend_v upon_o the_o favour_n of_o another_o law_n and_o yet_o he_o positive_o and_o in_o downright_a term_n in_o the_o face_n of_o all_o his_o people_n avow_v the_o civil_a law_n to_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o that_o all_o transaction_n of_o treaty_n and_o of_o trade_n with_o foreign_a nation_n be_v dispatch_v by_o the_o rule_n and_o reason_n thereof_o and_o that_o the_o authority_n thereof_o be_v so_o great_a in_o the_o esteem_n of_o stranger_n that_o they_o will_v rest_v satisfy_v therewith_o when_o no_o municipal_a law_n can_v satisfy_v they_o but_o in_o that_o he_o aver_v also_o that_o when_o the_o people_n of_o england_n shall_v exterminate_v that_o law_n which_o must_v needs_o be_v when_o the_o practice_n thereof_o be_v quite_o take_v away_o or_o thrust_v into_o a_o poor_a narrow_a compass_n their_o honour_n will_v be_v obscure_v and_o they_o will_v be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v overrun_v with_o barbarism_n it_o be_v never_o so_o well_o worth_a the_o observe_n as_o at_o this_o present_a time_n and_o it_o clear_o show_v that_o wise_a and_o learned_a king_n do_v perfect_o understand_v the_o true_a use_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n for_o as_o the_o language_n thereof_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o mean_n to_o maintain_v learning_n which_o do_v civilize_v &_o soften_v the_o mind_n of_o man_n so_o there_o be_v no_o sort_n of_o learning_n with_o the_o which_o the_o matter_n of_o it_o do_v not_o correspond_v and_o participate_v but_o above_o all_o it_o do_v afford_v more_o and_o better_a rule_n for_o civil_a live_n and_o orderly_a conversation_n among_o man_n and_o for_o righteous_a deal_n each_o with_o other_o than_o any_o other_o study_n or_o learning_n whatsoever_o but_o this_o practice_n and_o usage_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o foreign_a part_n be_v yet_o better_o confirm_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o those_o who_o study_v and_o profess_v the_o law_n of_o england_n have_v be_v always_o jealous_a of_o the_o rise_n and_o growth_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o this_o nation_n for_o though_o they_o have_v desire_v to_o keep_v it_o low_o here_o for_o what_o reason_n i_o need_v not_o mention_v yet_o some_o of_o they_o have_v free_o enough_o own_v how_o much_o it_o be_v in_o use_n and_o practice_v in_o other_o country_n sir_n francis_n bacon_n in_o his_o epistle_n dedicatory_a to_o the_o queen_n set_v before_o his_o maxim_n of_o law_n after_o he_o have_v tell_v the_o queen_n that_o justinian_n the_o emperor_n do_v glorious_o and_o yet_o apt_o call_v the_o body_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n proprium_fw-la &_o sanctissimum_fw-la templum_fw-la justitiae_fw-la consecratum_fw-la a_o true_a and_o a_o most_o sacred_a temple_n consecrate_v unto_o justice_n he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o work_n of_o great_a excellency_n indeed_o as_o may_v well_o appear_v in_o that_o france_n italy_n and_o spain_n who_o have_v long_o since_o shake_v off_o the_o yoke_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n do_v yet_o nevertheless_o continue_v to_o use_v the_o policy_n of_o that_o law_n my_o lord_n ellesmere_n chancellor_n of_o england_n as_o sir_n francis_n bacon_n be_v in_o his_o speech_n of_o the_o postnati_n do_v express_o deliver_v that_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v take_v to_o be_v the_o most_o universal_a and_o general_a law_n in_o the_o world_n sir_n john_n fortescue_n himself_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n and_o afterward_o lord_n chancellor_n in_o king_n henry_n the_o sixth_n day_n in_o his_o book_n wherein_o he_o do_v so_o high_o magnify_v and_o commend_v the_o law_n england_n above_o the_o civil_a law_n yet_o he_o can_v say_v 9_o say_v de_fw-fr laud._n legum_fw-la angliae_fw-la ca._n 9_o that_o civiles_fw-la supra_fw-la humanas_fw-la cunctas_fw-la leges_fw-la alius_fw-la fama_fw-la per_fw-la orbem_fw-la extollit_fw-la gloriosa_fw-la the_o civil_a law_n throughout_o the_o whole_a world_n be_v advance_v in_o glory_n and_o renown_n above_o all_o other_o man_n law_n fulbeck_n also_o another_o of_o the_o same_o profession_n and_o of_o great_a learning_n do_v agree_v with_o the_o former_a in_o these_o word_n reader_n word_n in_o his_o parallel_n part_n 1._o epistle_n to_o the_o reader_n the_o roman_a law_n say_v he_o in_o the_o time_n of_o arcadius_n theodosius_n and_o justinian_n recover_v their_o strength_n and_o shine_v to_o all_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o europe_n as_o the_o sun_n to_o all_o the_o climate_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v for_o their_o worthiness_n and_o necessary_a use_n and_o employment_n receive_v entertainment_n countenance_n and_o great_a reward_n of_o emperor_n king_n and_o prince_n likewise_o mr_n selden_n a_o graduate_n in_o the_o common-law_n but_o a_o
thing_n but_o be_v a_o auxiliary_a supplement_n or_o a_o knowledge_n assist_v in_o the_o administration_n of_o right_n and_o justice_n both_o to_o subject_n and_o between_o nation_n and_o nation_n where_o there_o be_v no_o municipal_a law_n in_o the_o case_n or_o where_o it_o be_v imperfect_a and_o obscure_a or_o where_o a_o local_a law_n be_v of_o no_o authority_n at_o all_o in_o the_o one_o it_o supply_v in_o the_o other_o it_o interpret_v in_o the_o last_o it_o moderate_v as_o a_o most_o indifferent_a umpire_n so_o that_o of_o these_o two_o law_n the_o proper_a office_n and_o function_n be_v without_o draw_v several_a way_n and_o clash_v one_o against_o another_o or_o question_v each_o other_o power_n sweet_o to_o join_v both_o in_o that_o most_o excellent_a and_o divine_a work_n of_o justice_n which_o may_v render_v the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n most_o quiet_a within_o themselves_o and_o honourable_o esteem_v by_o other_o but_o last_o there_o be_v a_o strange_a conceit_n that_o have_v get_v into_o the_o head_n of_o some_o man_n that_o the_o civil_a and_o canon_n law_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o that_o they_o can_v be_v sever_v that_o if_o the_o one_o be_v admit_v the_o other_o will_v have_v access_n also_o and_o the_o let_n in_o of_o the_o canon_n law_n which_o be_v ordain_v by_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n will_v open_v a_o wide_a gap_n to_o introduce_v all_o their_o superstition_n erroneous_a doctrine_n and_o prelatical_a discipline_n and_o so_o in_o time_n we_o shall_v become_v whole_o romish_n and_o antichristian_a and_o true_o i_o must_v confess_v that_o such_o a_o cause_n that_o may_v produce_v so_o dangerous_a a_o effect_n be_v not_o to_o be_v neglect_v but_o be_v to_o be_v very_o careful_o look_v after_o but_o as_o in_o the_o one_o the_o supposition_n be_v great_o mistake_v so_o there_o be_v no_o such_o cause_n of_o fear_n in_o the_o other_o not_o any_o such_o danger_n as_o be_v surmise_v for_o that_o these_o two_o law_n be_v the_o same_o or_o that_o they_o be_v inseparable_a be_v more_o than_o a_o small_a mistake_n they_o be_v make_v at_o several_a time_n long_o distant_a each_o from_o other_o by_o several_a author_n and_o for_o several_a end_n and_o purpose_n the_o civil_a law_n after_o it_o have_v be_v grow_v by_o degree_n in_o a_o very_a long_a process_n of_o time_n as_o well_o under_o the_o people_n when_o rome_n be_v a_o free_a state_n as_o under_o the_o emperor_n be_v become_v voluminous_a and_o indigested_a the_o choice_a thereof_o be_v pick_v out_o and_o lay_v together_o by_o justinian_n and_o that_o collection_n be_v perfect_v in_o the_o year_n 533_o and_o make_v the_o law_n of_o the_o empire_n whereof_o rome_n be_v now_o no_o part_n or_o member_n but_o become_v the_o land_n of_o the_o church_n the_o place_n for_o the_o pope_n and_o bishop_n of_o rome_n to_o sit_v in_o who_o though_o they_o make_v canon_n for_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o church_n and_o churchman_n long_o before_o yet_o the_o canon_n law_n that_o be_v now_o so_o style_v come_v not_o forth_o into_o the_o world_n till_o above_o 500_o year_n after_o the_o first_o part_n thereof_o which_o be_v gratian'ss_n decree_n be_v not_o publish_v till_o the_o year_n 1151._o the_o intent_n and_o purpose_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v to_o order_n and_o direct_v all_o the_o civil_a affair_n of_o the_o great_a and_o spacious_a roman_a empire_n and_o the_o business_n of_o the_o canon_n law_n be_v to_o guide_v and_o govern_v the_o spiritual_a and_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n of_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n the_o one_o be_v ordain_v to_o rule_v a_o state_n the_o other_o to_o discipline_n a_o church_n these_o consideration_n then_o divide_v and_o set_v apart_o these_o two_o law_n each_o from_o other_o do_v manifest_o show_v that_o they_o be_v neither_o the_o same_o nor_o for_o the_o same_o end_n make_v nor_o yet_o inseparable_a for_o if_o that_o mighty_a state_n of_o the_o roman_n can_v manage_v and_o carry_v on_o so_o much_o business_n as_o they_o deal_v in_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n only_o what_o need_n have_v any_o lesser_a nation_n now_o to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o canon_n law_n at_o all_o beside_o there_o have_v be_v always_o such_o a_o contention_n between_o these_o two_o law_n for_o superiority_n and_o which_o shall_v have_v most_o esteem_v with_o the_o nation_n of_o europe_n that_o they_o have_v be_v rather_o ready_a to_o fight_v as_o foe_n then_o unite_v and_o agree_v as_o friend_n nay_o mr_n selden_n 5._o selden_n dissert_n ad_fw-la flet._n ca._n 6._o nu_fw-la 5._o write_v that_o when_o pope_n innocent_a the_o second_o do_v solicit_v the_o european_a prince_n and_o people_n to_o give_v admittance_n to_o the_o canon_n law_n within_o their_o territory_n think_v thereby_o to_o enlarge_v his_o own_o jurisdiction_n and_o greatness_n they_o do_v the_o more_o free_o receive_v and_o entertain_v the_o civil_a law_n that_o they_o may_v the_o better_o keep_v off_o both_o the_o pope_n and_o his_o law_n too_o so_o that_o it_o shall_v rather_o seem_v they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v inseparable_a that_o to_o entertain_v the_o one_o be_v the_o only_a mean_n to_o shut_v out_o the_o other_o and_o indeed_o the_o canon_n law_n be_v unnecessary_a where_o the_o civil_a be_v in_o use_n for_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o the_o latter_a roman_a emperor_n do_v princip_n do_v bilson_n a_o bishop_n of_o our_o church_n do_v defend_v justinian_n and_o the_o other_o emperor_n and_o all_o prince_n in_o so_o do_v christian_n subject_a part_n 2._o circa_fw-la princip_n as_o they_o may_v just_o do_v make_v divers_a and_o sundry_a law_n from_o time_n to_o time_n for_o the_o order_n and_o regulate_v of_o eccesiastical_a matter_n and_o ecclesiastical_a man_n as_o be_v evident_a by_o divers_a title_n in_o the_o code_n de_fw-fr summa_fw-la trinitate_fw-la &_o fide_fw-la catholica_fw-la de_fw-fr sacrosanctis_fw-la ecclesiis_fw-la de_fw-fr episcopis_fw-la &_o clericis_fw-la de_fw-fr haereticis_fw-la ne_fw-la sanctum_fw-la baptisma_fw-la iteretur_fw-la de_fw-fr apostatis_fw-la de_fw-fr judaeis_n &_o coelicolis_fw-la de_fw-fr bis_fw-la qui_fw-la ad_fw-la ecclesias_fw-la confugiunt_fw-la and_o the_o like_a and_o it_o be_v as_o certain_a that_o 790._o that_o as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n lib._n 4._o fol_z 332_o 333._o and_o lib._n 7._o foe_n 790._o there_o be_v a_o multitude_n of_o thing_n which_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v take_v upon_o they_o to_o order_n and_o make_v canon_n in_o in_fw-la ordine_fw-la ad_fw-la spiritualia_fw-la in_o order_n to_o the_o spiritual_a welfare_n of_o man_n soul_n as_o they_o pretend_v which_o be_v temporal_a and_o matter_n of_o civil_a intercourse_n between_o man_n and_o man_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o these_o title_n de_fw-fr pactis_fw-la de_fw-fr precario_fw-la de_fw-fr commodate_v de_fw-fr deposito_fw-la de_fw-fr emptione_n &_o venditione_n de_fw-fr locato_fw-la &_o conducto_fw-la de_fw-fr rerum_fw-la permutatione_n de_fw-fr pignoribus_fw-la de_fw-fr donationibus_fw-la de_fw-fr testamentis_fw-la de_fw-fr trenga_fw-mi &_o pace_n de_fw-fr transactionibus_fw-la de_fw-fr decimis_fw-la primitiis_fw-la &_o oblationibus_fw-la de_fw-fr jure_fw-la paetronatus_fw-la de_fw-fr sponsalibus_fw-la &_o matrimonîis_fw-la de_fw-fr successionibus_fw-la ab_fw-la intestato_fw-la de_fw-fr homicidio_fw-la voluntario_fw-la vel_fw-la casuali_fw-la de_fw-fr raptoribus_fw-la de_fw-fr furtis_fw-la and_o divers_a other_o and_o all_o these_o thing_n in_o their_o true_a nature_n be_v but_o temporal_a and_o mere_a matter_n of_o negociation_n or_o act_n between_o man_n and_o man_n though_o some_o of_o they_o as_o tithe_n presentation_n to_o benefice_n marriage_n testament_n succession_n to_o dead_a man_n good_n that_o have_v die_v intestate_a &_o other_o such_o like_a be_v by_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n account_v spiritual_a and_o through_o indulgence_n of_o divers_a prince_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o church_n the_o jurisdiction_n in_o they_o have_v be_v grant_v unto_o spiritual_a man_n but_o that_o have_v proceed_v rather_o from_o the_o favour_n of_o prince_n then_o from_o the_o med_n the_o bishop_n bilson_n say_v that_o the_o pope_n decree_n judgement_n and_o execution_n in_o these_o case_n if_o claim_v from_o christ_n as_o thing_n spiritual_a and_o not_o grant_v by_o caesar_n be_v but_o open_a invasion_n of_o prince_n right_n call_v those_o thing_n spiritual_a which_o indeed_o be_v civil_a and_o temporal_a christian_n subject_a part_n 2._o circa_fw-la med_n nature_n of_o the_o thing_n themselves_o and_o whosoever_o do_v take_v a_o survey_n of_o the_o canon_n law_n in_o the_o title_n above_o mention_v and_o in_o divers_a other_o he_o shall_v find_v it_o most_o take_v out_o and_o speak_v the_o very_a language_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o so_o much_o be_v note_v and_o observe_v all_o along_o by_o the_o very_a gloss_n and_o canonist_n themselves_o so_o that_o hereby_o the_o canon_n law_n appear_v to_o be_v