government_n cicero_n and_o therefore_o cato_n name_v it_o the_o prerogative_n of_o a_o triumph_n and_o livy_n in_o his_o 26_o book_n say_v that_o it_o be_v long_o dispute_v on_o in_o the_o senate_n how_o they_o can_v deny_v one_o that_o be_v there_o present_a to_o triumph_v who_o absence_n they_o have_v honour_v with_o supplication_n and_o thanksgiving_n to_o the_o god_n for_o thing_n happy_o effect_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o ceremony_n be_v that_o after_o the_o magistrate_n have_v public_o proclaim_v it_o with_o this_o form_n or_o stile_n quod_fw-la bene_fw-la &_o feliciter_fw-la rempublicam_fw-la administrasset_fw-la that_o he_o have_v happy_o and_o successful_o administer_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o common-weal_n the_o roman_a people_n clothe_v in_o white_a garment_n and_o crown_v with_o garland_n go_v to_o all_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o god_n and_o there_o offer_v sacrifice_n to_o gratulate_v the_o victory_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o general_n in_o which_o time_n they_o be_v forbid_v all_o other_o business_n but_o that_o which_o pertain_v to_o this_o solemnity_n it_o seem_v that_o this_o time_n of_o supplication_n be_v at_o first_o include_v within_o one_o or_o two_o day_n at_o the_o most_o as_o appear_v by_o livy_n in_o his_o three_o book_n where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o victory_n gain_v by_o two_o several_a battle_n be_v spiteful_o shut_v up_o by_o the_o senate_n in_o one_o day_n supplication_n the_o people_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n keep_v the_o next_o day_n holy_a and_o celebrate_v it_o with_o great_a devotion_n than_o the_o former_a upon_o the_o victory_n which_o camillus_n have_v against_o the_o veii_n there_o be_v grant_v four_o day_n of_o supplication_n to_o which_o there_o be_v afterward_o a_o day_n add_v which_o be_v the_o usual_a time_n of_o supplication_n unto_o the_o time_n that_o pompey_n end_v the_o war_n which_o they_o call_v mithridaticum_n when_o the_o usual_a time_n of_o five_o day_n be_v double_v and_o make_v ten_o and_o in_o the_o second_o of_o these_o commentary_n make_v fifteen_o and_o now_o bring_v to_o twenty_o day_n which_o set_v forth_o the_o incitement_n and_o reward_n of_o well_o do_v which_o the_o roman_n propound_v both_o at_o home_n &_o abroad_o to_o such_o as_o endeavour_v to_o enlarge_v their_o empire_n or_o manage_v a_o charge_n to_o the_o benefit_n of_o their_o commonwealth_n and_o thus_o end_v the_o four_o commentary_n the_o five_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n the_o argument_n caesar_n cause_v a_o great_a navy_n to_o be_v build_v in_o gallia_n he_o carry_v five_o legion_n into_o brittany_n where_o he_o make_v war_n with_o the_o britan_n on_o both_o side_n the_o river_n thames_n at_o his_o return_n into_o gallia_n most_o of_o the_o gall_n revolt_n and_o first_o the_o eburones_n under_o the_o conduction_n of_o ambiorix_n set_v upon_o the_o camp_n of_o q._n titurius_n the_o legate_n who_o they_o circumvent_v by_o subtlety_n and_o then_o besiege_v the_o camp_n of_o cicero_n but_o be_v put_v by_o and_o their_o army_n overthrow_v by_o caesar_n chap._n i._n caesar_n return_v into_o gallia_n find_v there_o great_a store_n of_o ship_v make_v by_o the_o soldier_n and_o command_v it_o to_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o haven_n itius_n lucius_n domitius_n and_o appius_n claudius_n be_v consul_n caesar_n at_o his_o go_v into_o italy_n from_o his_o winter-quarter_n which_o he_o yearly_o do_v give_v order_n to_o the_o legate_n to_o build_v as_o many_o ship_n that_o winter_n as_o possible_o they_o can_v &_o to_o repair_v the_o old_a command_v they_o to_o be_v build_v of_o a_o low_a pitch_n than_o those_o which_o be_v use_v in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n for_o the_o speedy_a lade_n and_o unlade_v of_o they_o and_o because_o the_o tide_n in_o these_o sea_n be_v very_o great_a and_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o be_v to_o transport_v great_a store_n of_o horse_n he_o command_v they_o to_o be_v make_v flatter_v in_o the_o bottom_n than_o such_o as_o be_v usual_a in_o other_o place_n and_o all_o of_o they_o to_o be_v make_v for_o the_o use_n of_o oar_n to_o which_o purpose_n their_o low_a building_n serve_v very_o convenient_o other_o necessary_n and_o furniture_n for_o rig_v he_o give_v order_n to_o have_v bring_v out_o of_o spain_n caesar_n after_o a_o assembly_n of_o the_o state_n in_o lombardy_n go_v present_o into_o illyricum_n where_o he_o hear_v that_o the_o pirustae_n infest_a the_o province_n by_o their_o incursion_n assoon_o as_o he_o come_v thither_o he_o levy_v soldier_n and_o appoint_v they_o a_o rendezvous_n which_o the_o pirustae_n hear_v of_o they_o send_v ambassador_n present_o to_o he_o excuse_v the_o business_n as_o not_o do_v by_o public_a consent_n and_o express_v a_o readiness_n to_o make_v any_o satisfaction_n that_o shall_v be_v demand_v caesar_n have_v hear_v their_o message_n appoint_v they_o to_o give_v hostage_n and_o to_o bring_v they_o by_o such_o a_o day_n or_o else_o they_o must_v expect_v notb_v but_o war_n and_o ruin_n to_o their_o city_n hostage_n be_v bring_v by_o the_o appoint_a time_n whereupon_o caesar_n depute_v certain_a to_o arbitrate_v difference_n between_o the_o city_n and_o to_o punish_v as_o they_o see_v cause_n for_o it_o these_o thing_n be_v over_o he_o return_v forthwith_o into_o lombardy_n and_o thence_o to_o his_o army_n in_o gallia_n the_o observation_n this_o itius_n portus_n floide_v think_v to_o be_v calais_n other_o take_v it_o to_o be_v saint_n omer_n partly_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n which_o be_v in_o itself_o very_o low_o have_v notwithstanding_o very_o high_a bank_n which_o encompass_v the_o town_n about_o and_o in_o time_n past_a be_v a_o very_a large_a haven_n to_o this_o may_v be_v add_v the_o distance_n from_o this_o town_n to_o the_o next_o continent_n of_o the_o island_n of_o brittany_n which_o strabo_n make_v to_o contain_v 320._o stadia_fw-la which_o agree_v to_o the_o french_a computation_n of_o 13._o league_n caesar_n make_v it_o thirty_o mile_n this_o be_v the_o haven_n which_o pliny_n call_v britannicum_fw-la portum_fw-la morinorum_n chap._n ii_o caesar_n prevent_v new_a motion_n among_o the_o treviri_n and_o go_v to_o his_o navy_n dumnorix_n refuse_v to_o accompany_v he_o into_o britain_n his_o flight_n and_o death_n caesar_n leave_v soldier_n enough_o to_o do_v that_o business_n himself_o march_v with_o four_o legion_n and_o eight_o hundred_o horse_n into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o treviri_n in_o regard_n they_o neither_o come_v to_o the_o assembly_n of_o state_n nor_o be_v obedient_a to_o his_o command_n and_o be_v far_o report_v to_o solicit_v the_o german_n beyond_o the_o rhine_n to_o new_a commotion_n this_o city_n be_v the_o most_o powerful_a of_o all_o gallia_n for_o matter_n of_o horse_n have_v likewise_o a_o great_a force_n of_o foot_n and_o lie_v so_o convenient_o upon_o the_o rhine_n for_o assistance_n wherein_o there_o be_v at_o thâ—s_n time_n a_o contention_n betwixt_o induciomarus_n and_o cingetorix_n who_o shall_v be_v chief_a ruler_n cingetorix_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o hear_v of_o the_o come_n of_o caesar_n with_o his_o army_n come_v in_o to_o he_o assure_v he_o of_o the_o fidelity_n of_o his_o party_n and_o their_o constancy_n to_o the_o friendship_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n discover_v withal_o unto_o he_o the_o present_a proceed_n among_o the_o treviri_n on_o the_o contrary_a induciomarus_n gather_v together_o what_o horse_n and_o foot_n he_o can_v resolve_v upon_o nothing_o else_o then_o war_n secure_v all_o the_o old_a and_o young_a folk_n not_o fit_a to_o bear_v arm_n in_o the_o wood_n arduenna_n which_o be_v a_o very_a large_a wood_n begin_v at_o the_o rhine_n and_o run_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o treviri_n to_o the_o border_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rheims_n while_o thing_n be_v thus_o prepare_v divers_a of_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o city_n some_o through_o the_o favour_n they_o bear_v to_o cingetorix_n other_o affright_v at_o the_o come_n of_o our_o army_n come_v forth_o to_o caesar_n and_o since_o they_o can_v not_o do_v it_o for_o the_o whole_a city_n they_o endeavour_v to_o make_v every_o man_n his_o own_o peace_n induciomarus_n see_v this_o and_o fear_v to_o be_v leave_v at_o last_o alone_o send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n excuse_v what_o he_o have_v do_v in_o not_o come_v to_o he_o which_o he_o saâ—d_v be_v do_v only_o to_o keep_v the_o city_n the_o better_a in_o obedience_n for_o if_o all_o the_o nobility_n shall_v have_v leave_v it_o the_o common_a people_n will_v have_v be_v apt_a to_o have_v make_v new_a trouble_n that_o the_o city_n be_v now_o at_o his_o command_n and_o if_o caesar_n will_v give_v leave_n he_o be_v ready_a to_o wait_v upon_o he_o in_o his_o camp_n and_o to_o lay_v the_o life_n and_o fortune_n of_o himself_o and_o the_o whole_a city_n at_o his_o foot_n caesar_n albeit_o he_o well_o know_v
each_o other_o life_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v judge_v which_o of_o they_o deserve_v great_a honour_n observation_n caesar_n insert_v this_o accident_n of_o the_o two_o centurion_n as_o worthy_a to_o be_v relate_v among_o the_o deed_n of_o arm_n contain_v in_o these_o commentary_n wherein_o we_o be_v first_o to_o observe_v the_o ground_n of_o this_o quarrel_n which_o be_v their_o continual_a strife_n for_o place_n of_o preferment_n which_o they_o seek_v after_o by_o show_v their_o valour_n in_o time_n of_o danger_n and_o approve_v their_o worth_n by_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o desert_n a_o contention_n worthy_a the_o roman_a discipline_n &_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o pattern_n of_o true_a honour_n full_a of_o courage_n accomplish_v with_o virtue_n for_o these_o simultates_fw-la which_o desire_v of_o honour_n have_v cast_v between_o they_o bring_v forth_o emulation_n which_o be_v the_o spurr_n of_o virtue_n far_o from_o enmity_n or_o hateful_a contention_n for_o the_o difference_n between_o these_o two_o quality_n be_v that_o enmity_n hunt_v after_o destruction_n &_o only_o rejoice_v in_o that_o which_o bring_v to_o our_o adversary_n utter_v ruin_n dishonour_n or_o ill_a achievement_n but_o emulation_n contend_v only_o by_o well_o deserve_v to_o gain_v the_o advantage_n of_o another_o man_n fame_n that_o use_v the_o same_o â—eans_n to_o attain_v to_o the_o like_a end_n and_o be_v always_o mix_v with_o love_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o affinity_n of_o their_o affection_n and_o the_o sympathy_n of_o their_o desire_n not_o seek_v the_o overthrow_n of_o their_o competitour_n but_o succour_v he_o in_o time_n of_o danger_n and_o defend_v he_o from_o foul_a and_o unfortunate_a calamity_n that_o he_o may_v still_o continue_v to_o show_v the_o greatness_n of_o his_o worth_n by_o the_o opposition_n of_o inferior_a action_n which_o be_v as_o a_o lesser_a scantling_n of_o desert_n to_o measure_v the_o estimation_n of_o the_o other_o honour_n a_o virtue_n rare_a and_o unknown_a in_o these_o day_n and_o will_v hardly_o find_v subject_n to_o be_v resident_a in_o if_o she_o shall_v offer_v she_o help_v in_o the_o course_n of_o our_o affair_n or_o sue_v to_o be_v entertain_v by_o the_o crooked_a disposition_n of_o our_o time_n for_o we_o can_v no_o soon_o conceive_v the_o thought_n that_o breed_v emulation_n but_o it_o turn_v present_o to_o hatred_n which_o be_v follow_v to_o the_o uttermost_a of_o our_o malice_n and_o rest_v better_a satisfy_v with_o the_o miserable_a end_n of_o our_o oppose_a partner_n then_o with_o thousand_o of_o trophy_n deserve_o erect_v to_o our_o honour_n which_o make_v i_o wonder_v when_o i_o look_v into_o the_o difference_n of_o these_o and_o those_o age_n whether_o it_o be_v the_o discipline_n of_o that_o time_n which_o bring_v forth_o such_o honest_a effect_n of_o virtue_n to_o their_o glory_n and_o our_o ignominy_n have_v learn_v better_a rule_n than_o be_v know_v unto_o they_o or_o whether_o the_o world_n weaken_v with_o age_n want_v strength_n in_o these_o time_n to_o bring_v forth_o her_o creature_n in_o that_o perfection_n as_o it_o do_v in_o those_o day_n or_o what_o other_o cause_n have_v make_v our_o worst_a affection_n so_o violent_a and_o our_o better_a faculty_n so_o remiss_a and_o negligent_a that_o virtue_n have_v no_o part_n in_o we_o but_o word_n of_o praise_n our_o whole_a practice_n be_v consecrate_v to_o action_n of_o reproach_n the_o injury_n murder_n scandalous_a carriage_n of_o one_o towards_o another_o which_o in_o these_o day_n be_v so_o ready_o offer_v and_o so_o impatient_o digest_v will_v admit_v no_o satisfaction_n but_o private_a combat_n which_o in_o the_o first_o monarchy_n be_v grant_v only_o against_o stranger_n &_o foreign_a enemy_n as_o the_o only_a object_n of_o arm_n and_o wrath_n and_o capable_a of_o that_o justice_n which_o the_o private_a sword_n shall_v execute_v for_o they_o well_o perceive_v that_o these_o single_a battle_n be_v as_o sparkle_v of_o civil_a discord_n and_o intestine_a war_n although_o not_o so_o apparent_a in_o the_o general_a view_n of_o their_o state_n yet_o as_o odious_a in_o particular_a and_o as_o dishonourable_a to_o good_a government_n and_o if_o there_o be_v a_o true_a record_n of_o such_o as_o have_v be_v either_o slay_v or_o wound_v within_o these_o forty_o year_n either_o in_o this_o kingdom_n or_o in_o france_n or_o in_o germany_n by_o this_o licentious_a and_o brutish_a custom_n i_o make_v no_o question_n but_o they_o will_v amount_v to_o a_o number_n capable_a of_o that_o fearful_a stile_n which_o be_v attribute_v to_o civil_a war_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o law_n how_o rigorous_a or_o hard_a soever_o that_o can_v give_v relief_n to_o this_o disorder_n but_o the_o restraint_n will_v draw_v on_o as_o great_a enormity_n and_o as_o intolerable_a in_o a_o good_a government_n 〈◊〉_d king_n of_o the_o lumbards_n forâ—ade_n his_o subject_n this_o manner_n of_o combat_n but_o short_o after_o he_o be_v constrain_v to_o recall_v the_o edict_n for_o the_o avoid_n of_o great_a evil_n although_o he_o protest_v the_o thing_n to_o be_v both_o inhuman_a and_o barbarous_a the_o like_a edict_n be_v publish_v in_o france_n by_o philip_n the_o fair_a but_o be_v within_o two_o year_n revoke_v again_o at_o the_o instant_a request_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o murder_n and_o assasinat_n commit_v in_o that_o kingdom_n the_o only_a remedy_n that_o i_o find_v to_o take_v effect_n in_o this_o case_n be_v that_o of_o late_a time_n which_o the_o prince_n of_o melphe_n in_o piâ—moâ—t_n invent_v to_o prevent_v this_o evil_a for_o perceive_v how_o ordinary_a quarrel_n and_o bloodshed_n be_v in_o his_o camp_n he_o assign_v a_o place_n between_o two_o bridge_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o duâ—ilum_fw-la with_o this_o charge_n that_o he_o that_o have_v the_o wâ—â—st_n shall_v always_o be_v slay_v &_o cast_v from_o the_o bridge_n into_o the_o water_n the_o danger_n join_v with_o dishonour_n which_o by_o this_o decree_n attend_v such_o as_o undertake_v private_a combat_n make_v the_o soldier_n wise_a in_o their_o carriage_n and_o put_v a_o end_n to_o their_o sedition_n and_o civil_a discord_n but_o that_o which_o be_v yet_o worst_a of_o all_o be_v that_o custom_n have_v now_o make_v it_o so_o familiar_a that_o every_o 〈◊〉_d seem_v sufficient_a to_o call_v the_o matter_n to_o a_o private_a combat_n a_o cross_a look_n call_v another_o man_n honour_n in_o question_n but_o the_o word_n lye_n be_v of_o as_o great_a consequence_n as_o any_o stab_n or_o villainy_n whatsoever_o whereat_o we_o may_v well_o wonder_v how_o it_o happen_v that_o we_o feel_v ourselves_o so_o much_o exasperate_v at_o the_o reproach_n of_o that_o vice_n which_o we_o so_o ordinary_o commit_v for_o in_o the_o custom_n of_o these_o time_n to_o cast_v upon_o we_o the_o lie_n be_v the_o great_a in_o jury_n that_o word_n can_v do_v unto_o we_o and_o yet_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o frequent_a in_o our_o mouth_n it_o may_v be_v a_o property_n in_o our_o nature_n to_o stand_v chief_o in_o the_o defence_n of_o that_o corruption_n unto_o which_o we_o be_v most_o subject_a i_o speak_v not_o this_o to_o qualify_v the_o foulness_n of_o this_o vice_n for_o i_o hold_v a_o liar_n to_o be_v a_o monster_n in_o nature_n one_o that_o contemn_v god_n and_o fear_v man_n as_o a_o ancient_a father_n say_v but_o to_o show_v the_o crookedness_n of_o our_o disposition_n in_o disdain_v to_o acknowledge_v that_o fault_n which_o we_o so_o common_o commit_v but_o i_o will_v fain_o learn_v when_o honour_n first_o come_v to_o be_v measure_v with_o word_n for_o from_o the_o beginning_n it_o be_v not_o so_o caesar_n be_v often_o call_v to_o his_o face_n thief_n and_o drunkard_n without_o any_o further_a matter_n and_o the_o liberty_n of_o invective_n which_o great_a personage_n use_v one_o against_o another_o as_o it_o begin_v so_o it_o end_v with_o word_n and_o so_o i_o think_v our_o lie_n may_v too_o for_o i_o take_v he_o that_o return_v the_o lie_n and_o so_o let_v it_o rest_n until_o further_a proof_n to_o have_v as_o great_a advantage_n in_o the_o reputation_n of_o honour_n as_o the_o former_a that_o first_o give_v the_o disgrace_n chap._n xxi_o ciâ—â—ro_n find_v mean_n to_o advertise_v caesar_n of_o this_o accident_n who_o haste_v raise_v the_o siege_n and_o put_v the_o enemy_n to_o a_o great_a â—laughter_n as_o the_o siege_n grow_v daily_o hot_a aâ—d_o sharp_a caesar_n and_o special_o for_o that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o soldier_n be_v lay_v up_o with_o wound_n and_o the_o matter_n bring_v into_o a_o few_o man_n hand_n that_o be_v able_a to_o make_v any_o defence_n so_o they_o send_v out_o letter_n and_o messenger_n the_o more_o often_o to_o caesar_n of_o who_o some_o be_v take_v and_o in_o the_o sight_n of_o our_o soldier_n torture_v to_o death_n there_o
observation_n it_o now_o plain_o appear_v by_o this_o negligent_a and_o ill-ordered_n march_v and_o the_o unlooked_a for_o encounter_v which_o the_o gall_n give_v they_o that_o fear_n have_v ratify_v in_o the_o judgement_n of_o sabinus_n the_o smooth_a suggestion_n of_o ambiorix_n with_o a_o approbation_n of_o a_o certain_a truth_n and_o lay_v that_o for_o a_o principle_n which_o a_o discourse_n free_a from_o passion_n will_v have_v discern_v to_o be_v but_o weak_a and_o of_o no_o probability_n which_o so_o much_o the_o more_o amaze_v titurius_n by_o how_o much_o his_o apprehension_n have_v err_v from_o the_o truth_n and_o betray_v good_a counsel_n to_o a_o course_n full_a of_o danger_n which_o as_o caesar_n note_v must_v needs_o fall_v upon_o such_o as_o be_v then_o to_o seek_v for_o direction_n when_o the_o business_n require_v execution_n i_o have_v handle_v already_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o disappointment_n and_o therefore_o at_o this_o time_n will_v but_o bring_v it_o only_o into_o remembrance_n that_o we_o may_v take_v the_o great_a care_n to_o prevent_v a_o accident_n of_o that_o nature_n wherein_o as_o the_o best_a remedy_n for_o a_o evil_n be_v to_o foresee_v it_o according_a to_o the_o say_n praevisa_fw-la pereunt_fw-la mala_fw-la evil_n foresee_v fall_n of_o themselves_o so_o the_o great_a mischief_n in_o a_o evil_n be_v when_o it_o come_v unthought_a of_o and_o beside_o our_o expectation_n for_o than_o it_o fall_v upon_o we_o with_o a_o supernatural_a weight_n and_o affright_v the_o mind_n with_o a_o superstitious_a astonishment_n as_o though_o the_o divine_a power_n have_v prevent_v our_o designment_n with_o a_o irremediable_a calamity_n and_o cut_v off_o our_o appointment_n with_o a_o contrary_a decree_n although_o peradventure_o the_o thing_n itself_o carry_v no_o such_o importance_n but_o may_v be_v remedy_v if_o we_o be_v but_o prepare_v with_o a_o opinion_n that_o such_o a_o thing_n may_v happen_v it_o be_v no_o ill_a counsel_n therefore_o what_o resolution_n soever_o be_v take_v to_o make_v as_o full_a account_n of_o that_o which_o may_v fall_v out_o to_o cross_v our_o intention_n as_o that_o which_o be_v likely_a to_o happen_v from_o the_o direction_n of_o our_o chief_a project_n and_o so_o we_o shall_v be_v sure_a to_o have_v a_o present_a mind_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o our_o occasion_n and_o feel_v no_o further_o danger_n than_o that_o which_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n enforce_v chap._n xiii_o the_o roman_n cast_v themselves_o into_o a_o orb_n and_o be_v much_o discourage_v but_o cotta_n câ—â—sar_n who_o have_v before_o thought_n that_o these_o thing_n may_v happen_v by_o the_o way_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n will_v not_o be_v the_o author_n of_o the_o journey_n be_v not_o want_v in_o any_o thing_n that_o concern_v their_o common_a safety_n for_o both_o in_o call_v upon_o the_o soldier_n and_o encourage_v they_o he_o execute_v the_o place_n of_o a_o commander_n and_o in_o fight_v the_o duty_n of_o a_o soldier_n and_o when_o they_o find_v that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o length_n of_o their_o troup_n they_o be_v not_o able_a in_o their_o own_o person_n to_o see_v all_o thing_n do_v and_o to_o give_v direction_n in_o every_o place_n they_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v proclaim_v that_o they_o shall_v all_o for_o sake_n their_o baggage_n and_o â—ast_v themselves_o into_o a_o orb_n which_o direction_n although_o in_o such_o a_o case_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v reprove_v yet_o it_o fall_v out_o ill_a favour_o for_o it_o both_o abate_v the_o courage_n of_o the_o roman_n &_o give_v the_o enemy_n great_a encouragement_n inasmuch_o as_o it_o seem_v that_o that_o course_n be_v not_o take_v but_o upon_o a_o great_a fear_n and_o in_o extremity_n of_o peril_n moreover_o it_o happen_v as_o it_o can_v not_o otherwise_o choose_v that_o the_o soldier_n go_v from_o their_o ensign_n to_o take_v from_o the_o carriage_n such_o thing_n as_o be_v most_o dear_a unto_o they_o and_o there_o be_v nothing_o hear_v among_o they_o but_o clamour_n and_o weep_n but_o the_o barbarous_a gall_n be_v not_o to_o learn_v how_o to_o carry_v themselves_o for_o their_o commander_n cause_v it_o to_o be_v proclaim_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v stir_v out_o of_o his_o place_n for_o the_o prey_n be_v they_o and_o all_o that_o the_o roman_n have_v lay_v apart_o be_v reserve_v for_o they_o and_o therefore_o let_v they_o suppose_v that_o all_o thing_n consist_v in_o the_o victory_n the_o roman_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o gall_n both_o in_o number_n of_o man_n and_o valour_n and_o albeit_o they_o be_v destitute_a of_o good_a captain_n and_o of_o good_a fortune_n yet_o they_o repose_v in_o their_o manhood_n all_o the_o hope_n of_o their_o safety_n and_o as_o often_o as_o any_o cohort_n issue_v out_o they_o fail_v not_o to_o make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o the_o enemy_n on_o that_o part_n the_o first_o observation_n i_o have_v already_o handle_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o orb_n with_o such_o property_n as_o be_v incident_a to_o a_o circle_n wherein_o i_o show_v the_o conveniency_n of_o this_o figure_n in_o regard_n of_o safe_a and_o strong_a imbattel_v i_o will_v now_o add_v thus_o much_o concern_v the_o use_n thereof_o that_o as_o it_o be_v the_o best_a manner_n of_o imbattel_v for_o a_o defensive_a strength_n and_o therefore_o never_o use_v but_o in_o extremity_n so_o we_o must_v be_v very_o careful_a that_o the_o sudden_a betake_v of_o ourselves_o to_o such_o a_o refuge_n do_v not_o more_o dismay_v the_o soldier_n than_o the_o advantage_n of_o that_o imbattel_v can_v benefit_v they_o for_o unless_o a_o leader_n be_v careful_a to_o keep_v his_o man_n in_o courage_n that_o their_o heart_n may_v be_v free_a from_o despair_n and_o amazement_n what_o profit_n can_v there_o arise_v from_o any_o disposition_n or_o body_n soever_o when_o the_o particular_a member_n shall_v be_v senseless_a of_o that_o duty_n which_o belong_v unto_o they_o for_o order_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o assistance_n to_o courage_n give_v mean_n to_o manage_v our_o valour_n with_o advantage_n in_o the_o war_n of_o africa_n we_o reaâ—_n that_o caesar_n legion_n be_v encircle_v about_o with_o great_a multitude_n of_o enemy_n be_v force_v to_o make_v a_o orb_n but_o he_o quick_o turn_v it_o to_o a_o better_a use_n by_o advance_v the_o two_o cornet_n two_o contrary_a way_n and_o so_o divide_v the_o enemy_n into_o two_o part_n and_o then_o beat_v they_o back_o to_o their_o great_a disadvantage_n the_o second_o observation_n i_o need_v not_o stand_v upon_o this_o order_n which_o the_o gall_n here_o take_v concern_v pillage_n that_o no_o soldier_n shall_v forsake_v his_o station_n or_o disrank_v himself_o in_o hope_n of_o spoil_n which_o be_v a_o thing_n that_o from_o the_o very_a infancy_n of_o war_n have_v often_o change_v the_o fortune_n of_o the_o day_n and_o sell_v the_o honour_n of_o a_o public_a victory_n for_o private_a lucre_n and_o petty_a pilfer_n among_o other_o example_n let_v that_o which_o guicciardine_n report_v of_o the_o battle_n of_o taro_n suffice_v to_o warn_v a_o well-directed_n army_n 20_o as_o well_o by_o the_o good_a which_o charles_n the_o eight_o of_o that_o name_n king_n of_o france_n receive_v at_o that_o time_n as_o by_o the_o loss_n which_o the_o italian_n feel_v by_o that_o disorder_n not_o to_o seek_v after_o pillage_n until_o the_o victory_n be_v obtain_v the_o three_o observation_n the_o insufficiency_n of_o these_o commander_n whereof_o caesar_n now_o complain_v as_o the_o only_a want_n which_o these_o roman_n have_v to_o clear_v themselves_o of_o this_o danger_n bring_v to_o our_o consideration_n that_o which_o former_a time_n have_v make_v a_o question_n which_o be_v whether_o be_v be_v the_o virtue_n of_o the_o roman_a leader_n or_o the_o valour_n of_o their_o soldier_n that_o enlarge_v their_o empire_n to_o that_o greatness_n and_o make_v their_o people_n and_o senate_n lord_n of_o the_o world_n polybius_n weigh_v the_o cause_n of_o a_o victory_n which_o the_o carthaginian_n gain_v of_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o counsel_n and_o good_a direction_n of_o one_o zantippus_n a_o grecian_a have_v before_o that_o time_n receive_v divers_a overthrow_n during_o the_o time_n of_o those_o war_n in_o africa_n conclude_v that_o it_o be_v more_o in_o the_o worthiness_n of_o the_o commander_n then_o in_o any_o extraordinary_a virtue_n of_o the_o soldier_n that_o the_o roman_n achieve_v so_o many_o conquest_n and_o beside_o the_o present_a example_n of_o zantippus_n he_o confirm_v his_o opinion_n with_o the_o proceed_n of_o hannibal_n who_o from_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n still_o gain_v of_o the_o roman_a empire_n enlarge_a the_o territory_n of_o carthage_n and_o streightning_n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o mighty_a rome_n until_o it_o have_v get_v a_o leader_n matchable_a to_o that_o subtle_a carthagiman_n and_o find_v a_o scipio_n to_o confront_v their_o
merchandise_n and_o gain_n of_o money_n next_o unto_o he_o they_o prefer_v apollo_n mars_n jove_n and_o minerva_n and_o of_o these_o they_o carry_v the_o same_o opinion_n as_o other_o nation_n do_v apollo_n to_o be_v powerful_a in_o heal_a disease_n minerva_n in_o find_v out_o artificial_a work_n jove_n rule_v the_o celestial_a empire_n and_o mars_n for_o war_n when_o they_o be_v to_o encounter_v with_o a_o enemy_n they_o vow_v all_o the_o spoil_n unto_o he_o and_o such_o beast_n as_o be_v take_v they_o sacrifice_v other_o thing_n they_o lie_v up_o in_o some_o one_o place_n and_o many_o such_o heap_n of_o thing_n so_o take_v be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o holy_a place_n of_o diverse_a of_o their_o city_n neither_o do_v it_o often_o happen_v that_o any_o man_n neglect_v his_o religion_n in_o that_o point_n dare_v either_o keep_v back_o any_o thing_n so_o take_v or_o take_v away_o aught_o lay_v up_o in_o their_o repository_n for_o they_o incur_v a_o heavy_a punishment_n and_o torture_n for_o that_o offence_n the_o gall_n do_v all_o boast_v themselves_o in_o the_o stock_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v descend_v understand_v by_o the_o druid_n that_o they_o come_v of_o the_o god_n dis._n and_o therefore_o they_o end_v the_o space_n of_o all_o their_o time_n by_o the_o number_n of_o night_n rather_o than_o by_o the_o number_n of_o day_n observe_v the_o day_n of_o their_o nativity_n the_o begining_n of_o their_o month_n and_o their_o year_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o the_o day_n do_v always_o follow_v the_o night_n and_o herein_o they_o differ_v from_o other_o nation_n that_o they_o suffer_v not_o their_o child_n to_o come_v open_o unto_o they_o but_o when_o they_o be_v grow_v fit_a for_o war_n think_v it_o shameful_a and_o dishonest_a that_o a_o son_n in_o his_o childhood_n shall_v in_o public_a place_n stand_v in_o the_o sight_n of_o his_o father_n to_o the_o portion_n which_o they_o have_v with_o their_o wife_n they_o add_v as_o much_o more_o of_o their_o own_o good_n and_o the_o use_n of_o this_o money_n thus_o add_v together_o be_v keep_v apart_o and_o the_o long_a liver_n have_v both_o the_o principal_a and_o the_o interest_n for_o all_o the_o former_a time_n the_o man_n have_v power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n both_o over_o their_o wife_n and_o their_o child_n and_o when_o a_o man_n of_o great_a place_n and_o parentage_n shall_v happen_v to_o decease_n his_o kinsfolk_n assemble_v themselves_o together_o to_o inquire_v of_o his_o death_n if_o there_o be_v any_o occasion_n of_o suspicion_n they_o put_v his_o wife_n to_o torture_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o servant_n and_o if_o it_o be_v find_v she_o die_v torment_v with_o fire_n and_o all_o other_o torture_n as_o may_v be_v imagine_v their_o funeral_n according_a to_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o life_n be_v magnifical_a and_o sumptuous_a bury_v with_o the_o dead_a corpse_n all_o that_o he_o take_v delight_n in_o while_o he_o live_v not_o spare_v living_n creature_n and_o not_o long_o out_o of_o memory_n the_o custom_n be_v to_o bury_v with_o the_o body_n such_o client_n and_o servant_n as_o be_v favour_v by_o he_o in_o his_o life-time_n such_o state_n as_o be_v careful_a in_o the_o government_n of_o their_o common-weal_n do_v prohibit_v by_o a_o special_a law_n that_o no_o man_n shall_v communicate_v a_o rumour_n or_o report_n touch_v the_o state_n to_o any_o man_n save_v a_o magistrate_n forasmuch_o as_o it_o have_v be_v often_o find_v that_o rash_a and_o unskilful_a man_n be_v so_o terrify_v with_o false_a report_n and_o move_v to_o such_o desperate_a attempt_n that_o they_o enter_v into_o resolution_n touch_v the_o main_a point_n of_o state_n the_o magistrate_n do_v keep_v secret_a such_o thing_n as_o they_o think_v fit_a and_o that_o which_o they_o think_v expedient_a they_o publish_v but_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o speak_v of_o matter_n of_o state_n but_o in_o assembly_n of_o state_n the_o first_o observation_n concern_v the_o beginning_n of_o day_n and_o time_n observe_v which_o caesar_n note_v in_o this_o place_n to_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o gall_n after_o sunsetting_a whereby_o it_o happen_v that_o in_o the_o natural_a day_n of_o four_o and_o twenty_o hour_n the_o night_n always_o precede_v the_o day_n time_n contrary_a to_o the_o use_n of_o italy_n where_o the_o day_n begin_v at_o sunrising_n and_o the_o night_n follow_v the_o artificial_a day_n as_o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o day_n natural_a we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o as_o all_o time_n and_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o part_n thereof_o depend_v upon_o the_o two_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o one_o as_o it_o move_v in_o its_o own_o orb_n from_o west_n to_o east_n beget_v the_o revolution_n of_o year_n and_o the_o season_n of_o summer_n and_o winter_n the_o spring_n and_o the_o autumn_n with_o the_o measure_n of_o month_n as_o it_o pass_v through_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o zodiac_n and_o the_o other_o as_o it_o be_v carry_v from_o east_n to_o west_n by_o the_o first_o move_v sphere_n make_v the_o distinction_n of_o night_n and_o day_n hour_n and_o minute_n so_o the_o beginning_n of_o these_o time_n and_o season_n be_v diverse_o take_v among_o diverse_a people_n and_o nation_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o jew_n have_v the_o same_o computation_n touch_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o day_n as_o the_o gall_n have_v but_o upon_o other_o ground_n and_o reason_n than_o can_v be_v allege_v for_o this_o custom_n in_o gallia_n for_o they_o begin_v their_o day_n in_o the_o evening_n at_o sunne-setting_a as_o appear_v by_o many_o place_n of_o the_o scripture_n and_o moses_n in_o the_o repetition_n of_o the_o first_o seven_o day_n work_n upon_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o a_o day_n say_v the_o evening_n and_o the_o morning_n be_v one_o day_n give_v the_o evening_n precedency_n before_o the_o morning_n as_o though_o the_o day_n have_v begin_v in_o the_o evening_n the_o bohemian_n in_o like_a manner_n do_v observe_v the_o beginning_n of_o their_o day_n in_o the_o evening_n and_o do_v herein_o follow_v the_o use_n of_o the_o jew_n other_o nation_n do_v begin_v at_o sunrising_n and_o take_v the_o computation_n of_o their_o day_n natural_a from_o the_o first_o appear_v of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o east_n the_o greek_n begin_v and_o end_v their_o day_n at_o midnight_n observe_v the_o certainty_n of_o that_o time_n and_o the_o correspondence_n between_o the_o equal_a and_o planetary_a hour_n in_o the_o meridian_n circle_n whereas_o otherwise_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o inequality_n of_o the_o day_n and_o the_o night_n out_o of_o a_o right_a sphere_n there_o be_v always_o some_o difference_n between_o the_o say_a hour_n and_o this_o use_n also_o be_v observe_v by_o we_o in_o england_n this_o god_n dis_n who_o he_o name_v for_o the_o father_n of_o that_o nation_n be_v the_o same_o who_o the_o heathen_a call_v pluto_n the_o god_n of_o hell_n and_o darkness_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n they_o put_v darkness_n before_o light_n touch_v the_o beginning_n of_o their_o natural_a day_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o this_o circumstance_n give_v occasion_n to_o speak_v of_o day_n and_o time_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o insert_v the_o reformation_n of_o the_o year_n which_o caesar_n so_o happy_o establish_v that_o succeed_a time_n have_v have_v no_o cause_n to_o alter_v the_o same_o and_o although_o it_o neither_o concern_v the_o art_n of_o war_n nor_o happen_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o these_o seven_o summer_n yet_o forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v do_v by_o caesar_n and_o deserve_v as_o often_o memory_n as_o any_o other_o of_o his_o noble_a act_n it_o shall_v not_o seem_v impertinent_a to_o the_o reader_n to_o take_v thus_o much_o by_o the_o way_n concern_v that_o matter_n there_o be_v no_o nation_n of_o any_o civil_a government_n but_o observe_v a_o course_n or_o revolution_n difference_v with_o time_n and_o season_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o may_v be_v answerable_a to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o circuit_n which_o it_o make_v through_o the_o sign_n and_o degree_n of_o the_o zodiac_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o government_n of_o a_o civil_a year_n do_v not_o well_o admit_v any_o other_o composition_n of_o part_n to_o make_v it_o absolute_a and_o complete_a then_o by_o natural_a day_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o sun_n require_v odd_a hour_n and_o minute_n to_o finish_v his_o race_n and_o return_v again_o to_o the_o goal_n from_o whence_o it_o come_v there_o have_v always_o be_v find_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o civil_a and_o the_o solar_a year_n before_o caesar_n time_n the_o roman_n use_v the_o ancient_a computation_n of_o the_o year_n have_v not_o only_o such_o uncertainty_n and_o alteration_n in_o month_n and_o time_n that_o the_o sacrifice_n and_o yearly_a feast_n come_v by_o little_a and_o little_a to_o season_n contrary_a
their_o ancient_a liberty_n but_o seek_v rather_o pretext_n of_o good_a meaning_n to_o colour_v his_o design_n of_o make_v rome_n his_o servant_n howsoever_o we_o may_v not_o omit_v what_o be_v report_v to_o have_v happen_v between_o he_o and_o metellus_n more_o than_o he_o himself_o speak_v of_o for_o go_v about_o to_o take_v money_n out_o of_o the_o treasury_n he_o be_v there_o stout_o resist_v by_o this_o metellus_n of_o who_o he_o complain_v allege_v the_o law_n and_o act_n of_o the_o state_n forbid_v any_o man_n to_o touch_v that_o money_n but_o in_o such_o time_n of_o extremity_n as_o be_v therein_o express_v to_o which_o caesar_n answer_v that_o those_o law_n be_v only_o make_v for_o time_n of_o peace_n but_o now_o arm_n and_o war_n require_v another_o course_n of_o proceed_v nevertheless_o metellus_n â—odem_fw-la will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o break_v open_a the_o door_n until_o caesar_n advise_v he_o to_o be_v go_v if_o he_o love_v his_o life_n for_o it_o be_v easy_a for_o he_o to_o dispatch_v he_o then_o to_o speak_v it_o and_o so_o enter_v and_o carry_v away_o the_o treasure_n whereupon_o grow_v that_o of_o florus_n censum_fw-la &_o patrimonium_fw-la populi_fw-la romani_fw-la ante_fw-la rapuit_fw-la quam_fw-la imperium_fw-la he_o carry_v away_o the_o treasure_n and_o patrimony_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n before_o he_o get_v the_o empire_n and_o appian_n deride_v the_o scrupulositie_n of_o the_o ancient_a roman_n that_o will_v not_o touch_v that_o treasure_n but_o in_o extremity_n of_o war_n against_o the_o celiae_fw-la or_o gall_n say_v that_o caesar_n may_v lawful_o take_v it_o for_o that_o he_o have_v vanquish_v and_o subdue_v the_o gall_n whereby_o the_o roman_n have_v no_o further_a cause_n to_o fear_v they_o chap._n xiii_o caesar_n leave_v the_o city_n go_v into_o gallia_n and_o treat_v with_o the_o marseillian_o caesar_n perceive_v their_o resolution_n caesar_n after_o he_o have_v spend_v there_o in_o vain_a some_o few_o day_n that_o he_o may_v not_o lose_v any_o more_o time_n and_o leave_v those_o thing_n undo_v which_o he_o purposely_o intend_v he_o leave_v the_o city_n and_o go_v into_o the_o further_a gallia_n upon_o his_o arrival_n there_o he_o understand_v that_o pompey_n have_v send_v into_o spain_n vibullius_n rufus_n who_o caesar_n have_v a_o little_a before_o take_v at_o corfinium_n and_o dismiss_v he_o and_o that_o domitius_n likewise_o be_v go_v to_o take_v marseilles_n with_o eight_o galley_n which_o he_o set_v out_o from_o sicilia_n and_o sardinia_n and_o man_v they_o with_o slave_n man_n enfranchise_v and_o his_o own_o husbandman_n send_v as_o messenger_n before_o certain_a young_a nobleman_n of_o marseilles_n with_o who_o pompey_n upon_o his_o departure_n from_o the_o city_n have_v earnest_o deal_v that_o caesar_n new_a favour_n may_v not_o put_v out_o of_o their_o remembrance_n the_o old_a benefit_n which_o he_o have_v do_v unto_o they_o those_o of_o marseilles_n have_v receive_v this_o message_n shut_v their_o gate_n against_o caesar_n call_v into_o the_o city_n the_o albicans_fw-la barbarous_a and_o mountainous_a people_n who_o of_o ancient_a time_n have_v hold_v amity_n with_o they_o and_o dwell_v upon_o the_o hill_n above_o marseilles_n bring_v corn_n from_o all_o the_o adjacent_a region_n and_o castle_n into_o the_o town_n set_v up_o office_n and_o forge_n to_o make_v arm_n repair_v both_o their_o wall_n their_o navy_n and_o their_o gate_n caesar_n call_v out_o unto_o he_o some_o fifteen_o of_o the_o chief_a man_n of_o marseilles_n &_o treat_v with_o they_o that_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o war_n may_v not_o grow_v from_o that_o town_n who_o shall_v rather_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o all_o italy_n then_o apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o will_n of_o any_o one_o man_n not_o omit_v such_o other_o persuasion_n as_o he_o think_v pertinent_a to_o a_o sound_a resolution_n these_o man_n report_v at_o marseilles_n what_o caesar_n have_v deliver_v and_o by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o the_o town_n return_v this_o answer_n that_o they_o understand_v that_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n neither_o be_v it_o in_o they_o to_o judge_v or_o can_v they_o discern_v which_o of_o the_o two_o be_v in_o the_o right_n the_o leader_n of_o these_o two_o faction_n be_v pompey_n and_o caesar_n both_o special_a patron_n and_o benefactor_n to_o their_o city_n of_o who_o one_o have_v augment_v the_o public_a revenue_n of_o the_o state_n and_o endow_v it_o with_o the_o land_n and_o territory_n of_o the_o volcae_n arecâ—mici_n and_o the_o helvij_n the_o other_o have_v conquer_v and_o subdue_v marseilles_n gallia_n give_v it_o unto_o they_o whereby_o their_o tributary_n income_n be_v much_o augment_v and_o therefore_o as_o they_o be_v equal_o bind_v to_o both_o for_o their_o favour_n so_o will_v they_o carry_v to_o both_o a_o equal_a respect_n not_o aid_v either_o of_o they_o against_o the_o other_o or_o receive_v they_o within_o their_o gate_n while_o these_o thing_n be_v in_o handle_v domitius_n arrive_v at_o marseilles_n with_o his_o ship_n and_o be_v receive_v in_o be_v make_v governor_n of_o the_o city_n and_o have_v the_o whole_a direction_n of_o the_o war_n commit_v unto_o he_o by_o his_o appointment_n the_o â—leet_n be_v send_v out_o into_o all_o coast_n and_o such_o ship_n of_o burden_n as_o they_o find_v they_o bring_v in_o the_o nail_n timber_n and_o tackle_v whereof_o they_o take_v to_o mend_v and_o rig_v out_o other_o ship_n what_o corn_n soever_o be_v find_v in_o the_o city_n be_v bring_v in_o public_a keep_n reserve_v the_o surplus_n of_o victual_n and_o provision_n for_o a_o siege_n as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v caâ—sar_n provoke_v with_o these_o injury_n bring_v three_o legion_n to_o marseilles_n determine_v to_o make_v tower_n and_o mantelet_n ready_a for_o a_o assault_n and_o to_o build_v twelve_o new_a galley_n at_o arles_n which_o be_v arm_v rig_v finish_v and_o bring_v to_o marseilles_n within_o thirty_o day_n after_o the_o timber_n be_v cut_v down_o of_o these_o he_o make_v d._n brutus_n admiral_n and_o leave_v c._n trebonius_n to_o follow_v the_o siege_n observation_n from_o the_o marseillian_o we_o may_v learn_v that_o it_o be_v far_o easy_a to_o say_v well_o then_o to_o do_v well_o for_o howsoever_o they_o be_v able_a to_o discern_v the_o truth_n and_o to_o give_v a_o answer_n to_o caesar_n well-beseeming_a the_o fame_n and_o opinion_n of_o their_o literature_n and_o knowledge_n 4._o be_v a_o academy_n little_a inferior_a to_o the_o best_a and_o in_o late_a time_n more_o frequent_v by_o the_o roman_n for_o the_o study_n of_o oratory_n and_o philosophy_n than_o athens_n or_o any_o other_o such_o chief_a seat_n of_o the_o muse_n yet_o in_o their_o action_n they_o disavow_v all_o take_v upon_o they_o most_o unreasonable_o to_o arbitrate_v those_o difference_n and_o to_o show_v their_o opinion_n of_o the_o quarrel_n 3._o by_o take_v part_n with_o one_o faction_n wherein_o their_o error_n the_o more_o appear_v in_o that_o the_o party_n grieve_v be_v not_o liable_a to_o their_o award_n but_o rather_o have_v occasion_n to_o gain_v thereby_o a_o double_a honour_n to_o himself_o first_o by_o force_v they_o and_o then_o by_o pardon_v their_o rashness_n and_o yet_o some_o writer_n do_v think_v they_o do_v no_o more_o than_o they_o be_v tie_v unto_o by_o former_a treaty_n and_o league_n with_o the_o empire_n which_o they_o take_v to_o consist_v in_o pompey_n party_n whereof_o they_o be_v loyal_a and_o zealous_a confederate_n as_o appear_v by_o their_o love_n when_o rome_n be_v take_v by_o the_o gall_n for_o have_v news_n thereof_o and_o understanding_n of_o the_o composition_n which_o be_v to_o be_v make_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n from_o the_o capitol_n they_o provide_v all_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n they_o can_v get_v and_o send_v it_o to_o rome_n for_o that_o service_n in_o regard_v whereof_o they_o be_v endow_v with_o many_o privilege_n and_o immunity_n both_o in_o the_o city_n and_o elsewhere_o in_o the_o empire_n howsoever_o their_o hap_n be_v to_o respect_v more_o a_o exact_a observance_n of_o what_o have_v pass_v than_o the_o fatal_a succeed_a course_n of_o thing_n draw_v upon_o they_o a_o sharp_a and_o bitter_a war_n whereof_o they_o can_v not_o be_v free_v but_o by_o submit_v themselves_o to_o his_o mercy_n who_o they_o have_v reject_v and_o thus_o we_o see_v verify_v that_o of_o the_o poet_n horace_n quicquid_fw-la delirant_fw-la reges_fw-la plectuntur_fw-la achivi_fw-la king_n play_v the_o fool_n and_o the_o poor_a people_n suffer_v which_o imply_v also_o how_o dangerous_a it_o be_v for_o man_n of_o authority_n and_o employment_n to_o be_v subject_a to_o wilful_a ambition_n for_o as_o their_o service_n be_v of_o great_a importance_n to_o government_n when_o it_o be_v attend_v with_o well_o qualify_a affection_n so_o be_v their_o motion_n as_o fearful_a which_o
their_o treaty_n whereupon_o he_o send_v p._n vatinius_n a_o legate_n to_o the_o river_n bank_n to_o utter_v such_o thing_n as_o do_v chief_o concern_v a_o peace_n and_o to_o ask_v oftentimes_o with_o a_o loud_a voice_n whether_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o citizen_n to_o send_v to_o citizen_n touch_v a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n be_v a_o thing_n permit_v to_o the_o thief_n of_o the_o pyreneian_a mountain_n or_o at_o least_o to_o move_v that_o citizen_n shall_v not_o in_o arm_n contend_v with_o citizen_n and_o have_v speak_v much_o very_o respectful_o as_o well_o concern_v his_o own_o welfare_n as_o the_o safety_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n he_o be_v hear_v with_o silence_n by_o the_o soldier_n on_o both_o side_n at_o length_n it_o be_v answer_v from_o the_o other_o party_n that_o a._n varro_n do_v offer_v himself_o for_o a_o conference_n the_o next_o day_n so_o that_o the_o commissioner_n on_o both_o side_n may_v come_v and_o go_v in_o safety_n and_o deliver_v free_o their_o opinion_n for_o which_o a_o certain_a time_n be_v then_o appoint_v the_o next_o day_n great_a multitude_n of_o either_o side_n present_v themselves_o at_o the_o place_n assign_v and_o great_a be_v the_o expectation_n thereof_o every_o man_n seem_v to_o incline_v to_o peace_n out_o of_o which_o troup_n step_v forth_o t._n labienus_n and_o speak_v soft_o touch_v the_o peace_n and_o at_o last_o enter_v into_o altercation_n with_o vatinius_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o their_o speech_n be_v weapon_n sudden_o cast_v from_o all_o part_n which_o he_o avoid_v be_v cover_v and_o defend_v with_o weapon_n notwithstanding_o many_o be_v wound_v and_o among_o other_o cornelius_z balbus_n m._n plotius_n l._n tiburtius_n centurion_n beside_o many_o other_o soldier_n then_o say_v labienus_n leave_v off_o therefore_o to_o speak_v of_o any_o composition_n for_o unless_o caesar_n head_n be_v bring_v there_o can_v be_v no_o peace_n observation_n this_o small_a piece_n of_o the_o story_n contain_v divers_a notable_a passage_n of_o extremity_n in_o the_o carriage_n of_o pompey_n and_o other_o of_o his_o party_n as_o first_o to_o take_v they_o as_o they_o lie_v that_o of_o wilfulness_n in_o bibulus_n who_o neither_o sickness_n nor_o despair_n of_o help_n can_v move_v to_o intermit_v the_o task_n he_o have_v undertake_v but_o choose_v rather_o to_o suffer_v unto_o death_n in_o approve_v his_o zeal_n to_o the_o cause_n then_o to_o give_v himself_o a_o breathe_a time_n for_o the_o save_n of_o his_o life_n and_o may_v serve_v to_o admonish_v any_o other_o bibulus_n to_o value_v his_o life_n above_o that_o which_o a_o stiff_a and_o wilful_a opinion_n may_v lead_v he_o unto_o beyond_o the_o measure_n of_o honourable_a endeavour_n or_o what_o else_o may_v any_o way_n be_v just_o expect_v lest_o in_o strive_v to_o do_v much_o he_o happen_v to_o do_v nothing_o for_o that_o can_v be_v understand_v to_o be_v well_o do_v in_o another_o man_n behalf_n sapit_fw-la that_o be_v not_o well_o do_v in_o his_o own_o the_o second_o be_v pompey_n resolution_n be_v so_o extreme_a as_o no_o composition_n or_o other_o thing_n whatsoever_o can_v give_v he_o satisfaction_n but_o only_o a_o victorious_a end_n of_o that_o war_n our_o proverb_n say_v better_a a_o lean_a agreement_n than_o a_o fat_a remedy_n and_o the_o casualty_n of_o war_n may_v move_v a_o experience_a commander_n to_o embrace_v a_o safe_a and_o quiet_a peace_n as_o know_v that_o he_o that_o go_v about_o to_o vex_v another_o shall_v have_v his_o turn_n of_o suffer_v the_o like_a misease_n and_o as_o war_n begin_v when_o one_o party_n list_v so_o it_o end_v when_o the_o other_o side_n please_v facilis_fw-la descensus_fw-la averni_fw-la sed_fw-la revocare_fw-la gradum_fw-la â—_o superasque_fw-la evadere_fw-la ad_fw-la auras_fw-la hoc_fw-la opus_fw-la hic_fw-la labour_n est_fw-la the_o way_n to_o hell_n be_v easy_a but_o to_o come_v back_o and_o to_o recover_v life_n this_o be_v a_o task_n indeed_o and_o therefore_o let_v no_o commander_n how_o great_a soever_o refuse_v all_o peace_n but_o that_o which_o be_v buy_v by_o extremity_n of_o war_n lest_o the_o event_n whereof_o there_o can_v be_v no_o assurance_n fall_v out_o as_o it_o happen_v to_o pompey_n but_o rather_o with_o the_o use_n let_v he_o learn_v the_o end_n of_o arm_n which_o be_v to_o make_v straight_o that_o which_o be_v crooked_a and_o out_o of_o discord_n and_o dissension_n to_o draw_v mean_n of_o a_o happy_a peace_n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v that_o other_o of_o labienus_n as_o far_o in_o extremity_n as_o either_o of_o the_o former_a who_o nothing_o will_v satisfy_v but_o caesar_n head_n it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o he_o strike_v at_o the_o root_n for_o his_o head_n be_v the_o head_n of_o that_o war_n but_o to_o say_v it_o rather_o than_o to_o do_v it_o be_v no_o argument_n of_o labienus_n worthiness_n for_o as_o polybius_n note_v 16._o it_o be_v common_a to_o most_o man_n to_o magnify_v themselves_o with_o word_n full_a of_o wind_n yea_o and_o more_o than_o that_o to_o follow_v their_o design_n with_o impetuous_a violence_n but_o to_o direct_v their_o undertake_n to_o a_o successful_a issue_n gellio_n and_o to_o remove_v by_o industry_n or_o providence_n such_o hindrance_n as_o happen_v to_o traverse_v their_o hope_n be_v grant_v but_o to_o a_o few_o and_o now_o deny_v to_o labienus_n notwithstanding_o this_o bravado_n and_o therefore_o let_v such_o commander_n as_o be_v in_o good_a opinion_n and_o esteem_n with_o their_o general_n be_v well_o wary_a of_o embarking_a their_o party_n in_o any_o cause_n far_o than_o may_v beseem_v the_o wisdom_n and_o experience_n of_o judicious_a leader_n as_o believe_v in_o that_o of_o metellus_n to_o king_n bocchus_n sallust_n omne_fw-la bellum_fw-la sumi_fw-la facile_fw-la caeterum_fw-la acerrime_fw-la desinere_fw-la non_fw-la in_o ejusdem_fw-la potestate_fw-la initium_fw-la ejus_fw-la &_o finem_fw-la esse_fw-la incipere_fw-la cuivis_fw-la etiam_fw-la ignavo_fw-la licere_fw-la deponi_fw-la cum_fw-la victores_fw-la velint_fw-la every_o war_n be_v easy_o begin_v but_o hardly_o so_o soon_o end_v the_o beginning_n and_o the_o end_n of_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o same_o man_n power_n any_o poor-spirited_a fellow_n may_v begin_v a_o war_n but_o it_o shall_v end_v when_o the_o conqueror_n please_v and_o not_o before_o chap._n vii_o coelius_n rufus_n move_v sedition_n in_o italy_n and_o it_o slay_v at_o the_o same_o time_n m._n coelius_n rufus_n the_o praetor_n at_o rome_n caesar_n undertake_v the_o business_n of_o debt_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o magistracy_n place_v his_o seat_n by_o the_o chair_n of_o c._n trebonius_n praetor_n of_o the_o town_n promise_v to_o be_v assist_v to_o any_o man_n that_o will_v appeal_v unto_o he_o concern_v valuation_n and_o payment_n to_o be_v perform_v by_o arbitratour_n according_a as_o caesar_n have_v ordain_v but_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v as_o well_o through_o the_o equity_n and_o indifferency_n of_o the_o decree_n as_o through_o the_o lenity_n of_o trebonius_n who_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o those_o time_n require_v a_o easy_a and_o mild_a execution_n of_o justice_n that_o none_o be_v find_v from_o who_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o appeal_n may_v grow_v for_o to_o pretend_v poverty_n or_o to_o complain_v of_o particular_a misfortune_n and_o of_o the_o calamity_n of_o those_o time_n or_o otherwise_o to_o propound_v the_o difficulty_n of_o sell_v their_o good_n by_o a_o outrope_n be_v every_o man_n practice_n but_o for_o any_o man_n to_o acknowledge_v himself_o to_o be_v in_o debt_n and_o yet_o to_o keep_v his_o possession_n whole_a and_o untouched_a be_v hold_v to_o be_v a_o very_a strange_a impudence_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o man_n find_v that_o will_v require_v it_o moreover_o coelius_n carry_v a_o very_a hard_a hand_n to_o such_o as_o shall_v have_v receive_v benefit_n thereby_o and_o have_v make_v this_o entrance_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v not_o seem_v to_o have_v undertake_v a_o shameful_a or_o dishonest_a cause_n he_o publish_v a_o law_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o interest_n pay_v for_o any_o money_n let_v out_o upon_o consideration_n for_o thirty_o six_o day_n of_o the_o time_n agree_v on_o but_o when_o he_o perceive_v that_o servilius_n the_o consul_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o magistrate_n do_v oppose_v themselves_o against_o he_o therein_o and_o find_v it_o not_o to_o sort_v with_o his_o expectation_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v incite_v and_o stir_v up_o the_o humour_n and_o spirit_n of_o man_n he_o abrogate_a that_o law_n and_o instead_o thereof_o make_v two_o other_o the_o one_o which_o cut_v off_o the_o yearly_a rent_n that_o tenant_n be_v accustom_v to_o pay_v their_o landlord_n for_o the_o house_n they_o dwell_v in_o and_o the_o other_o touch_v new_a assurance_n and_o the_o abolish_n of_o old_a debt_n whereupon_o the_o multitude_n run_v violent_o upon_o c._n trebonius_n and_o have_v hurt_v divers_a
down_o the_o hill_n they_o dâ—d_v the_o more_o urge_v and_o press_v upon_o they_o and_o will_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o fall_v back_o for_o that_o they_o seem_v to_o forsake_v the_o place_n for_o fear_n it_o be_v report_v that_o pompey_n shall_v then_o in_o a_o vainglory_n say_v to_o those_o that_o be_v about_o he_o that_o he_o will_v be_v content_a to_o be_v take_v for_o a_o general_n of_o no_o worthâ—_n if_o caesar_n man_n can_v make_v any_o retreat_n from_o thence_o where_o they_o be_v so_o rash_o engage_v without_o great_a loss_n caesar_n fear_v the_o retreat_n of_o his_o soldier_n cause_v hurdle_n to_o be_v bring_v and_o sâ—t_v against_o the_o enemy_n in_o the_o brim_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o behind_o they_o sink_v a_o trench_n of_o a_o indifferent_a latitude_n and_o encumber_a the_o place_n as_o much_o as_o possible_o he_o can_v he_o lodge_v also_o slinger_n in_o convenient_a place_n to_o defend_v his_o man_n in_o their_o retreat_n these_o thing_n be_v perfect_v he_o cause_v the_o legion_n to_o be_v draw_v back_o but_o pompey_n party_n begin_v with_o great_a boldness_n and_o insolency_n to_o press_v our_o people_n and_o put_v by_o the_o hurdle_n which_o be_v set_v there_o as_o a_o barricado_n they_o pass_v over_o the_o ditch_n which_o when_o caesar_n perceive_v fear_v lest_o they_o shall_v rather_o seem_v to_o be_v beat_v off_o then_o be_v bring_v back_o whereby_o a_o great_a scandal_n may_v consequent_o ensue_v have_v almost_o from_o the_o midway_n encourage_v his_o man_n by_o antonius_n who_o command_v that_o legion_n he_o will_v that_o the_o sign_n of_o charge_v the_o enemy_n shall_v be_v give_v by_o a_o trumpet_n and_o give_v order_n to_o assault_v they_o the_o soldier_n of_o the_o nine_o legion_n put_v themselves_o sudden_o into_o order_n throw_v their_o pâ—les_n and_o run_v furious_o from_o the_o low_a ground_n up_o the_o steep_a of_o the_o hill_n drive_v the_o enemy_n headlong_o from_o they_o who_o find_v the_o hurdle_n the_o long_a pole_n and_o the_o ditch_n to_o be_v a_o great_a hindrance_n unto_o they_o in_o their_o retreat_n it_o content_v our_o man_n to_o leave_v the_o place_n without_o loss_n so_o that_o have_v slay_v many_o of_o they_o they_o come_v away_o very_o quiet_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o sieve_n of_o their_o fellow_n and_o have_v stay_v about_o that_o place_n a_o while_n they_o take_v other_o hill_n and_o perfect_v the_o fortification_n upon_o they_o observation_n this_o chapter_n show_v that_o advantage_n of_o place_n and_o some_o such_o industrious_a course_n as_o may_v be_v fit_v to_o the_o occasion_n be_v of_o great_a consequence_n in_o extremity_n of_o war_n but_o above_o all_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o available_a to_o clear_v a_o danger_n than_o valour_n valour_n be_v the_o hercules_n that_o overcome_v so_o many_o monster_n and_o verifi_v that_o say_n which_o can_v be_v too_o often_o repeat_v virtute_fw-la faciendum_fw-la est_fw-la quâ—cquid_fw-la in_o rebus_fw-la bellicis_fw-la est_fw-la gerendum_fw-la what_o a_o man_n do_v in_o matter_n of_o war_n must_v be_v do_v with_o valour_n but_o of_o this_o i_o have_v already_o treat_v chap._n xviii_o the_o scarcity_n which_o either_o partiâ—_n endure_v in_o this_o siege_n the_o carriage_n of_o that_o war_n be_v in_o a_o strange_a and_o unusual_a manner_n caesar_n as_o well_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o great_a number_n of_o fort_n and_o castle_n contain_v such_o a_o circuit_n of_o ground_n within_o one_o continue_a fortification_n as_o also_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o whole_a siege_n and_o of_o other_o consequent_n depend_v thereupon_o for_o whosoever_o go_v about_o to_o besiege_v another_o do_v either_o take_v occasion_n from_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o enemy_n daunt_v or_o strike_v with_o fear_n or_o overcome_v in_o battle_n or_o otherwise_o be_v move_v thereunto_o by_o some_o injury_n offer_v whereas_o now_o it_o happen_v that_o they_o be_v far_o the_o strong_a both_o in_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o general_o the_o cause_n of_o almost_o all_o siege_n be_v to_o keep_v a_o enemy_n from_o provision_n of_o corn_n but_o caesar_n be_v then_o far_o inferior_a in_o number_n of_o soldier_n do_v nevertheless_o besiege_v a_o army_n of_o entire_a and_o untouched_a force_n especial_o at_o a_o time_n when_o they_o abound_v with_o all_o necessary_a provision_n for_o every_o day_n come_v great_a store_n of_o ship_v from_o all_o part_n bring_v plenty_n of_o all_o thing_n needful_a neither_o can_v there_o any_o wind_n blow_n which_o be_v not_o good_a from_o some_o part_n or_o other_o on_o the_o other_o side_n caesar_n have_v spend_v all_o the_o corn_n he_o can_v get_v far_o or_o near_o be_v in_o great_a want_n and_o scarcity_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o soldier_n do_v bear_v it_o with_o singular_a patience_n for_o they_o remember_v how_o they_o have_v suffer_v the_o like_a the_o year_n before_o in_o spain_n and_o yet_o with_o patience_n and_o labour_n have_v end_v a_o great_a and_o dangerous_a war_n they_o remember_v likewise_o the_o exceed_a great_a want_n they_o endure_v at_o alesia_n and_o much_o great_a at_o avaricum_n and_o yet_o for_o all_o that_o they_o go_v away_o conqueror_n of_o many_o great_a nation_n they_o refuse_v neither_o barley_n nor_o pease_n when_o it_o be_v give_v they_o in_o stead_n of_o wheat_n and_o of_o cattle_n whereof_o they_o be_v furnish_v with_o great_a store_n out_o of_o epirus_n they_o make_v great_a account_n there_o be_v also_o a_o kind_n of_o root_n find_v out_o by_o they_o that_o be_v with_o valerius_n call_v chara_n which_o eat_v with_o milk_n do_v much_o relieve_v their_o want_n and_o make_v withal_o a_o kind_n of_o bread_n whereof_o they_o have_v plenty_n and_o when_o pompey_n party_n happen_v in_o their_o colloquy_n to_o cast_v in_o their_o tooth_n their_o scarcity_n and_o misery_n they_o will_v common_o throw_v this_o kind_n of_o bread_n at_o they_o and_o scatter_v it_o in_o divers_a place_n to_o discourage_v they_o in_o their_o hope_n and_o now_o corn_n begin_v to_o be_v ripe_a and_o hope_v itself_o do_v relieve_v their_o want_n for_o that_o they_o trust_v to_o have_v plenty_n within_o a_o short_a time_n and_o oftentimes_o the_o soldier_n in_o their_o watch_n and_o conference_n be_v hear_v to_o let_v fall_v speech_n that_o they_o will_v rather_o eat_v the_o bark_n of_o tree_n then_o suffer_v pompey_n to_o escape_v out_o of_o their_o hand_n beside_o they_o understand_v by_o such_o as_o run_v away_o from_o the_o enemy_n that_o their_o horse_n of_o service_n can_v scarce_o be_v keep_v alive_a and_o that_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o cattle_n be_v all_o dead_a and_o that_o the_o soldier_n themselves_o be_v in_o no_o good_a health_n as_o well_o through_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o place_n wherein_o they_o be_v pen_v as_o also_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o ill_a savour_n and_o multitude_n of_o dead_a body_n together_o with_o continual_a labour_n be_v unaccustomed_a to_o travel_v and_o pain_n but_o especial_o through_o the_o extreme_a want_n of_o water_n for_o all_o the_o river_n and_o brook_n of_o that_o quarter_n caesar_n have_v either_o turn_v another_o way_n or_o dam_v up_o with_o great_a work_n and_o as_o the_o place_n be_v mountainous_a with_o some_o intermission_n and_o distinction_n of_o valley_n in_o the_o form_n and_o fashion_n of_o a_o cave_n or_o den_n so_o he_o stop_v the_o same_o with_o great_a pile_n beat_v into_o the_o ground_n and_o interlate_v with_o faggot_n and_o hurdle_n and_o then_o strengthen_v with_o earth_n to_o keep_v back_o the_o water_n insomuch_o as_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o seek_v low_a ground_n and_o marish_a place_n and_o there_o to_o sink_v well_n which_o labour_n they_o be_v glad_a to_o undertake_v beside_o their_o daily_a work_n albeit_o these_o well_n stand_v far_o distant_a from_o their_o garrison_n and_o be_v quick_o dry_v up_o with_o heat_n but_o caesar_n army_n be_v in_o exceed_v good_a health_n and_o have_v plenty_n of_o water_n together_o with_o all_o kind_n of_o provision_n except_v wheat_n which_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n daily_o bring_v on_o and_o give_v they_o hope_n of_o store_n harvest_n be_v so_o near_o at_o hand_n in_o this_o new_a course_n of_o war_n new_a policy_n and_o device_n of_o warfare_n be_v invent_v and_o put_v in_o practice_n by_o either_o party_n they_o perceive_v by_o the_o fire_n that_o our_o cohort_n in_o the_o night_n time_n keep_v watch_v at_o the_o work_n come_v steal_v out_o and_o discharge_v all_o their_o arrow_n upon_o they_o and_o then_o present_o retreat_v wherewith_o our_o man_n be_v warn_v find_v out_o this_o remedy_n that_o they_o make_v their_o fire_n in_o one_o place_n and_o keep_v their_o watch_n in_o another_o the_o first_o observation_n forasmuch_o as_o all_o matter_n of_o attempt_n do_v much_o import_n the_o fortune_n of_o a_o war_n we_o may_v not_o omit_v to_o take_v notice_n
foot_n from_o that_o place_n be_v raise_v another_o rampire_n with_o the_o front_n the_o contrary_a way_n but_o somewhat_o low_a than_o the_o â—ormer_a for_o some_o few_o day_n before_o caesar_n fear_v that_o place_n lest_o our_o man_n shall_v be_v circumvent_v with_o their_o ship_n have_v cause_v double_a fortification_n to_o be_v make_v in_o that_o place_n that_o if_o peradventure_o they_o shall_v be_v put_v to_o their_o shift_n they_o may_v nevertheless_o make_v good_a resistance_n but_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o work_n and_o the_o continual_a labour_n they_o daily_o endure_v the_o fortification_n be_v carry_v eighteen_o mile_n in_o circuit_n will_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o finish_v it_o whereby_o it_o happen_v that_o he_o have_v not_o as_o yet_o make_v a_o rampire_n along_o the_o seashore_n to_o join_v these_o two_o fortification_n together_o for_o the_o defence_n thereof_o which_o be_v inform_v pompey_n by_o these_o two_o savoiens_n and_o bring_v great_a damage_n and_o loss_n to_o our_o people_n for_o as_o the_o cohort_n of_o the_o nine_o legion_n keep_v watch_v and_o guard_n upon_o the_o sea_n sudden_o by_o the_o break_n of_o day_n come_v pompey_n army_n which_o seem_v very_o strange_a unto_o our_o man_n and_o instant_o thereupon_o the_o soldier_n from_o a_o shipboard_n assault_v with_o their_o weapon_n the_o inner_a rampire_n &_o the_o rest_n begin_v to_o fill_v up_o the_o trench_n the_o legionary_a soldier_n appoint_v to_o keep_v the_o inner_a fortification_n have_v plant_v a_o great_a number_n of_o ladder_n to_o the_o rampire_n do_v amuse_v the_o enemy_n with_o weapon_n &_o engine_n of_o all_o sort_n &_o a_o great_a number_n of_o aâ—chers_n be_v throng_v together_o on_o each_o side_n but_o the_o cover_n of_o osier_n which_o they_o wear_v on_o their_o headpiece_n do_v great_o defend_v they_o from_o the_o blow_n of_o stone_n which_o be_v the_o only_a weapon_n our_o man_n have_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o as_o our_o man_n be_v overlay_v with_o all_o these_o thing_n and_o do_v hardly_o make_v resistance_n they_o find_v out_o the_o defect_n of_o the_o fortification_n former_o mention_v and_o land_v their_o man_n between_o the_o two_o rampire_n they_o charge_v our_o people_n in_o the_o rear_n and_o so_o drive_v they_o from_o both_o the_o fortification_n make_v they_o turn_v their_o back_n this_o alarm_n be_v hear_v marcellinus_n send_v certain_a cohort_n to_o succour_v our_o man_n who_o see_v they_o fly_v can_v neither_o re-assure_a they_o by_o their_o come_n nor_o withstand_v the_o fury_n of_o the_o enemy_n themselves_o insomuch_o as_o what_o relief_n soever_o be_v send_v be_v distract_v by_o the_o fear_n and_o astonishment_n of_o they_o that_o flee_v away_o whereby_o the_o terror_n and_o the_o danger_n be_v make_v much_o the_o great_a and_o their_o retreat_n be_v hinder_v through_o the_o multitude_n of_o people_n in_o that_o fight_n the_o eagle-bearer_n be_v grievous_o wound_v and_o faint_v for_o want_v of_o strength_n look_v towards_o the_o horseman_n this_o have_v i_o say_v he_o in_o my_o life_n time_n careful_o and_o diligent_o defend_v for_o many_o year_n together_o and_o now_o die_v with_o the_o same_o fidelity_n do_v restore_v it_o unto_o caesar_n suffer_v not_o i_o pray_v you_o such_o a_o dishonour_n the_o like_a whereof_o never_o happen_v in_o caesar_n army_n but_o return_v it_o unto_o he_o in_o safety_n by_o which_o accident_n the_o eagle_n be_v save_v all_o the_o centurion_n of_o the_o first_o cohort_n be_v slay_v but_o the_o first_o of_o the_o maniple_n of_o the_o principes_fw-la and_o now_o the_o enemy_n with_o great_a slaughter_n of_o our_o man_n approach_v near_o marcellinus_n camp_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o cohort_n be_v great_o astonish_v m._n antonius_n hold_v the_o next_o garrison_n to_o that_o place_n upon_o notice_n thereof_o be_v see_v to_o come_v down_o from_o the_o upper_a ground_n with_o twelve_o cohort_n upon_o who_o come_v pompey_n party_n be_v repress_v and_o stay_v and_o our_o man_n somewhat_o reassured_n give_v they_o time_n to_o come_v again_o to_o themselves_o out_o of_o that_o astonishment_n and_o not_o long_o after_o caesar_n have_v knowledge_n thereof_o by_o smoke_n make_v out_o of_o the_o fort_n according_a to_o the_o use_n of_o former_a time_n come_v thither_o also_o bring_v with_o he_o certain_a cohort_n out_o of_o the_o garrison_n observation_n it_o be_v a_o old_a say_n alienâ—vit_fw-la that_o thief_n handsel_n be_v always_o naught_o but_o traitor_n handsel_n be_v much_o worse_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o fall_n away_o of_o these_o two_o savoiens_n who_o be_v the_o first_o that_o leave_v caesar_n in_o this_o war_n and_o the_o first_o that_o bring_v pompey_n good_a fortune_n themselves_o stand_v culpable_a of_o as_o great_a a_o offence_n 14._o as_o if_o they_o have_v alienate_v the_o whole_a army_n militari_fw-la in_o the_o course_n whereof_o we_o may_v see_v plain_o that_o which_o i_o have_v former_o note_v that_o it_o be_v a_o excellent_a thing_n to_o be_v still_o attempt_v upon_o a_o enemy_n so_o it_o be_v do_v upon_o good_a ground_n and_o caution_n for_o while_o pompey_n stand_v upon_o the_o defensive_a ward_n the_o honour_n of_o the_o contention_n fall_v continual_o upon_o caesar_n and_o doubtless_o he_o that_o observe_v caesar_n proceed_n in_o the_o carriage_n of_o all_o his_o war_n shall_v find_v his_o fortune_n to_o have_v special_o grow_v from_o his_o active_a and_o attempt_v spirit_n in_o this_o eagle-bearer_n maximus_fw-la we_o may_v see_v verify_v that_o which_o paterculus_n affirm_v of_o mithridates_n that_o a_o valiant_a spirit_n be_v sometime_o great_a by_o the_o favour_n of_o fortune_n but_o always_o great_a in_o a_o good_a courage_n for_o these_o title_n of_o degree_n as_o princeps_fw-la prio_fw-la and_o the_o rest_n here_o mention_v have_v former_o discourse_v at_o large_a of_o the_o part_n of_o a_o legion_n and_o the_o hierarchy_n of_o their_o discipline_n i_o will_v rather_o refer_v the_o reader_n thereunto_o then_o bombast_n out_o a_o volume_n with_o distasteful_a repetition_n chap._n xxiii_o caesar_n purpose_v to_o alter_v the_o course_n of_o war_n and_o attempt_v to_o cut_v off_o one_o of_o pompey_n legion_n caesar_n understanding_n of_o the_o loss_n caesar_n and_o perceive_v that_o pompey_n be_v get_v out_o of_o the_o fortification_n and_o be_v encamp_v upon_o the_o sea_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o he_o may_v free_o go_v out_o to_o forage_v and_o have_v no_o less_o access_n to_o his_o ship_n then_o former_o he_o have_v change_v his_o course_n of_o war_n which_o have_v not_o succeed_v to_o his_o expectation_n he_o encamp_v himself_o fast_o by_o pompey_n the_o work_n be_v perfect_v it_o be_v observe_v by_o câ—sar's_n discoverer_n that_o certain_a cohort_n to_o the_o number_n of_o a_o legion_n be_v bring_v behind_o a_o wood_n into_o the_o old_a camp_n the_o site_n of_o the_o camp_n be_v after_o this_o manner_n the_o day_n before_o caesar_n nine_o legion_n oppose_v themselves_o against_o pompey_n force_n and_o work_v upon_o the_o fortification_n as_o be_v before_o declare_v have_v their_o camp_n in_o that_o place_n adjoin_v unto_o a_o wood_n and_o not_o distant_a from_o the_o sea_n above_o four_o hundred_o pase_n afterward_o caesar_n change_v his_o mind_n for_o some_o certain_a cause_n transfer_v his_o lodging_n somewhat_o far_o off_o from_o that_o place_n a_o few_o day_n after_o the_o same_o camp_n be_v possess_v by_o pompey_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o be_v to_o lodge_v more_o legion_n in_o that_o place_n leave_v the_o inner_a rampire_n stand_v he_o enlarge_v the_o fortification_n so_o that_o the_o lesser_a camp_n be_v include_v in_o the_o great_a serve_v as_o a_o castle_n or_o citadel_n to_o the_o same_o beside_o also_o he_o draw_v a_o fortification_n from_o the_o right_a angle_n of_o the_o camp_n four_o hundred_o pase_n outright_o to_o a_o river_n to_o the_o end_n the_o soldier_n may_v water_v free_o without_o danger_n and_o he_o also_o change_v his_o mind_n for_o some_o cause_v not_o requisite_a to_o be_v mention_v leave_v the_o place_n too_o so_o that_o the_o camp_n stand_v empty_a for_o many_o day_n together_o and_o all_o the_o fortification_n be_v as_o perfect_a as_o at_o the_o first_o the_o discoverer_n bring_v news_n to_o caesar_n that_o they_o have_v see_v a_o ensign_n of_o a_o legion_n carry_v thither_o the_o same_o be_v likewise_o confirm_v from_o certain_a fort_n which_o stand_v upon_o the_o high_a ground_n the_o place_n be_v distant_a from_o pompey_n new_a camp_n about_o five_o hundred_o pase_n caesar_n hope_v to_o cut_v off_o this_o legion_n and_o desirous_a to_o repair_v that_o day_n loss_n leave_v two_o cohort_n at_o work_n to_o make_v a_o show_n of_o fortify_v and_o he_o himself_o by_o a_o contrary_a way_n in_o as_o covert_a a_o manner_n as_o he_o can_v lead_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o cohort_n in_o number_n thirty_o three_o among_o who_o be_v the_o nine_o
send_v out_o two_o other_o cohort_n to_o succour_v they_o who_o make_v distance_n between_o they_o as_o they_o stand_v the_o court_n of_o guard_n retire_v itself_o in_o safety_n through_o that_o space_n into_o the_o camp_n otherwise_o we_o never_o find_v that_o the_o first_o battle_n make_v any_o retreat_n into_o the_o ally_n between_o the_o maniple_n of_o the_o second_o battle_n but_o when_o it_o fail_v in_o any_o part_n the_o second_o and_o three_o go_v present_o to_o second_v they_o as_o appear_v in_o the_o battle_n follow_v with_o ariovistus_n and_o in_o divers_a other_o concern_v the_o use_n of_o this_o triple_a battle_n romana_fw-la what_o can_v be_v say_v more_o than_o lipsius_n have_v do_v where_o he_o lay_v open_v the_o particular_a commodity_n thereof_o as_o far_o forth_o as_o a_o speculative_a judgement_n can_v discern_v of_o thing_n so_o far_o remote_a from_o the_o use_n of_o this_o age_n which_o never_o imitate_v this_o triple_a battle_n but_o only_o in_o a_o march_n for_o then_o common_o they_o make_v three_o company_n a_o vanguard_n a_o battle_n and_o a_o rearward_n but_o in_o imbattel_v they_o draw_v these_o three_o company_n all_o in_o front_n make_v two_o cornet_n and_o the_o battle_n without_o any_o other_o troop_n to_o second_v they_o but_o let_v this_o suffice_v concern_v caesar_n his_o manner_n of_o imbattel_v and_o his_o triplex_fw-la acies_fw-la until_o i_o come_v to_o the_o second_o book_n where_o i_o will_v handle_v more_o particular_o the_o part_n of_o a_o legion_n and_o the_o commondity_n of_o their_o small_a battalion_n the_o second_o observation_n the_o macedonian_a phalanx_n be_v describe_v by_o polybius_n to_o be_v a_o square_a battle_n of_o pikeman_n describe_v consist_v of_o sixteen_o in_o flank_n and_o five_o hundred_o in_o front_n the_o soldier_n stand_v so_o close_o together_o that_o the_o pike_n of_o the_o five_o rank_n be_v extend_v three_o foot_n beyond_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n the_o rest_n who_o pike_n be_v not_o serviceable_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o distance_n from_o the_o front_n couch_v they_o upon_o the_o shoulder_n of_o those_o that_o stand_v before_o they_o and_o so_o lock_v they_o in_o together_o in_o file_n press_v forward_o to_o hold_v up_o the_o sway_n or_o give_v back_o 〈◊〉_d the_o former_a rank_n and_o so_o to_o make_v the_o assault_n more_o violent_a and_o unresistable_a the_o grecian_n be_v very_o skilful_a in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o art_n military_a which_o contain_v order_n and_o disposition_n in_o imbattel_v for_o they_o maintain_v public_a professor_n who_o they_o call_v tactici_fw-la to_o teach_v and_o instruct_v their_o youth_n the_o practice_n and_o art_n of_o all_o form_n convenient_a for_o that_o purpose_n and_o these_o tactici_fw-la find_v by_o experience_n that_o sixteen_o in_o flank_n so_o order_v as_o they_o be_v in_o a_o phalanx_n be_v able_a to_o bear_v any_o shock_n how_o violent_a so_o ever_o it_o charge_v upon_o they_o which_o number_n of_o sixteen_o they_o make_v to_o consist_v of_o four_o double_n as_o first_o unity_n make_v no_o order_n for_o order_n consist_v in_o number_n and_o plurality_n but_o unity_n double_v make_v two_o the_o least_o of_o all_o order_n and_o this_o be_v the_o double_a which_o double_v again_o make_v the_o second_o order_n of_o four_o soldier_n in_o a_o file_n which_o double_v the_o three_o time_n make_v eight_o and_o this_o double_v make_v 16_o which_o be_v the_o four_o double_v from_o a_o unite_v and_o in_o it_o they_o stay_v as_o in_o a_o absolute_a number_n and_o square_v who_o root_n be_v four_o the_o quadruple_a in_o regard_n of_o both_o the_o extreme_n for_o every_o one_o of_o these_o place_n the_o tactici_fw-la have_v several_a name_n by_o which_o they_o be_v distinct_o know_v but_o the_o particular_a description_n require_v a_o large_a discourse_n than_o can_v be_v comprehend_v in_o these_o short_a observation_n he_o that_o desire_v further_a knowledge_n of_o they_o may_v read_v aelianus_n that_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o adrian_n the_o emperor_n and_o arianus_n in_o his_o history_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a with_o mauritius_n and_o leo_fw-la imperator_fw-la where_o he_o shall_v have_v the_o division_n of_o tetraphalangia_n diphalangia_n phalangia_fw-la unto_o a_o unite_v with_o all_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o grecian_n the_o chief_a thing_n to_o be_v observe_v be_v that_o the_o grecian_n have_v such_o skill_n in_o imbattel_v prefer_v a_o phalanx_n before_o all_o other_o form_n whatsoever_o either_o because_o the_o figure_n in_o itself_o be_v very_o strong_a or_o otherwise_o in_o regard_n that_o it_o fit_v best_o their_o weapon_n which_o be_v long_a pike_n and_o target_n but_o whether_o caesar_n term_v the_o battle_n of_o the_o helvetian_o a_o phalanx_n in_o regard_n of_o their_o thick_a manner_n of_o imbattel_v only_o or_o otherwise_o forasmuch_o as_o beside_o the_o form_n they_o use_v the_o natural_a weapon_n of_o a_o phalanx_n which_o be_v the_o pike_n it_o remain_v doubtful_a brancatio_n in_o his_o discourse_n upon_o this_o place_n make_v it_o no_o controversy_n but_o that_o every_o soldier_n carry_v a_o pike_n and_o a_o target_n the_o target_n be_v particular_o name_v in_o this_o history_n but_o it_o can_v so_o easy_o be_v gather_v by_o the_o same_o that_o their_o offensive_a weapon_n be_v pike_n in_o the_o fight_n at_o the_o baggage_n it_o be_v say_v that_o many_o of_o the_o legionarie_a shoulder_n be_v wound_v through_o the_o cartwheel_n with_o tragulae_fw-la and_o materae_fw-la which_o be_v common_o interpret_v spear_n and_o javelin_n and_o i_o take_v they_o to_o be_v weapon_n long_o than_o common_a dart_n but_o whether_o they_o be_v so_o long_o as_o the_o sarissas_n of_o the_o macedonian_n i_o can_v tell_v howsoever_o this_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o helvetian_o have_v ever_o be_v repute_v for_o the_o true_a phalangitae_n next_o unto_o the_o macedonian_n and_o that_o in_o their_o thick_a and_o close_o imbattel_v they_o fail_v not_o at_o this_o time_n of_o the_o form_n of_o a_o phalanx_n for_o they_o roof_v it_o so_o thick_a with_o target_n that_o caesar_n say_v they_o be_v sore_o trouble_v because_o many_o of_o their_o target_n be_v fasten_v and_o tie_v together_o with_o pile_n dart_v through_o they_o which_o argue_v that_o their_o phalanx_n be_v very_o thick_o throng_v whatsoever_o their_o weapon_n be_v chap._n viii_o caesar_n send_v away_o all_o the_o horse_n of_o ease_n exhort_v his_o man_n and_o begin_v the_o battle_n caesar_n to_o take_v away_o all_o hope_n of_o safety_n by_o flight_n caesar_n first_o cause_v his_o own_o and_o then_o all_o the_o private_a horse_n of_o ease_n to_o be_v carry_v out_o of_o sight_n and_o so_o use_v some_o motive_n of_o courage_n begin_v the_o battle_n the_o soldier_n cast_v their_o pile_n with_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o hill_n do_v easy_o break_v the_o helvetian_o phalanx_n and_o then_o with_o their_o sword_n betake_v themselves_o to_o a_o furious_a close_a the_o first_o observation_n the_o ancient_a sage_n find_v it_o necessary_a to_o a_o faithful_a and_o serious_a execution_n of_o such_o a_o action_n battle_n to_o prepare_v the_o mind_n of_o their_o man_n with_o word_n of_o encouragement_n and_o to_o take_v away_o all_o scruple_n out_o of_o their_o conceit_n either_o of_o the_o unlawfulnesse_n of_o the_o cause_n or_o disadvantage_n against_o the_o enemy_n for_o if_o at_o any_o time_n that_o say_v be_v true_a that_o oratio_fw-la plus_fw-la potest_fw-la quam_fw-la pecunia_fw-la it_o be_v here_o more_o powerful_a and_o of_o great_a effect_n for_o a_o donative_n or_o liberanza_fw-it can_v but_o procure_v a_o mercenary_a endeavour_n ever_o yield_v to_o a_o better_a offer_n and_o do_v oftentimes_o breed_v a_o suspicion_n of_o wrong_n even_o among_o those_o that_o be_v willing_o enrich_v with_o they_o and_o so_o make_v they_o slack_a to_o discharge_v their_o service_n with_o loyalty_n yea_o oftentimes_o of_o friend_n to_o become_v enemy_n but_o inasmuch_o as_o speech_n disclose_v the_o secret_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o discover_v the_o intent_n and_o drift_n of_o every_o action_n a_o few_o good_a word_n lay_v open_o the_o injury_n which_o be_v offer_v to_o innocence_n how_o equity_n be_v control_v with_o wrong_n and_o justice_n control_v by_o iniquity_n for_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o a_o commander_n approve_v his_o cause_n and_o settle_v a_o opinion_n of_o right_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o his_o soldier_n as_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o make_v that_o seem_v probable_a which_o so_o many_o offer_n to_o defend_v with_o their_o blood_n when_o indeed_o every_o man_n rely_v upon_o another_o knowledge_n and_o respect_v nothing_o less_o the_o right_n a_o few_o good_a word_n i_o say_v will_v so_o stir_v up_o their_o mind_n in_o the_o ferventnesse_n of_o the_o cause_n that_o every_o man_n will_v take_v himself_o particular_o engage_v in_o the_o action_n by_o the_o title_n of_o equity_n and_o the_o rather_o
and_o twenty_o thousand_o with_o these_o the_o hedui_n and_o their_o client_n have_v once_o or_o often_o fight_v but_o the_o success_n sort_v to_o their_o own_o calamity_n and_o the_o utter_a overthrow_n of_o their_o nobility_n and_o senate_n with_o which_o loss_n they_o be_v so_o break_v and_o decay_a that_o whereas_o heretofore_o as_o well_o by_o their_o own_o credit_n as_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n they_o strike_v a_o great_a stroke_n throughout_o all_o gallia_n they_o be_v now_o drive_v to_o deliver_v the_o chief_a of_o their_o state_n as_o pledge_n to_o the_o sequans_n and_o to_o bind_v themselves_o by_o oath_n never_o to_o seek_v their_o release_n or_o freedom_n nor_o to_o implore_v the_o aid_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n nor_o to_o seek_v mean_n to_o free_v themselves_o from_o their_o sovereignty_n only_o himself_o of_o all_o the_o heduan_o can_v not_o be_v bring_v to_o take_v that_o oath_n or_o to_o give_v his_o child_n as_o hostage_n for_o which_o cause_n he_o flee_v to_o rome_n and_o beseech_v help_v of_o the_o senate_n be_v no_o way_n oblige_v to_o the_o contrary_a either_o by_o oath_n or_o hostage_n but_o it_o so_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o victory_n become_v more_o grievous_a to_o the_o sequans_n then_o to_o the_o heduan_o for_o that_o ariovistus_n king_n of_o the_o german_n be_v plant_v in_o their_o territory_n and_o be_v already_o possess_v of_o a_o three_o part_n of_o their_o country_n which_o be_v the_o best_a part_n of_o all_o gallia_n do_v now_o require_v the_o sequans_n to_o forgo_v another_o three_o part_n for_o that_o a_o few_o month_n before_o there_o be_v come_v unto_o he_o twenty_o four_o thousand_o harudes_n to_o who_o land_n and_o possession_n be_v to_o be_v allot_v whereby_o it_o will_v come_v to_o pass_v within_o a_o few_o year_n that_o all_o the_o gall_n will_v be_v drive_v out_o of_o their_o dwelling_n and_o all_o the_o german_n will_v come_v over_o the_o rhine_n for_o there_o be_v no_o comparison_n between_o gallia_n and_o germany_n either_o in_o richness_n of_o soil_n or_o fashion_n of_o life_n concern_v ariovistus_n after_o he_o have_v once_o defeat_v the_o gall_n in_o a_o battle_n near_o amagetobrig_n he_o carry_v himself_o very_o cruel_o and_o insolent_o require_v the_o child_n of_o all_o the_o nobility_n for_o hostage_n and_o show_v strange_a example_n of_o torture_n upon_o they_o if_o any_o thing_n be_v do_v not_o according_a to_o his_o command_n or_o desire_n he_o will_v easy_o show_v himself_o to_o be_v a_o barbarous_a fierce_a and_o hasty_a man_n who_o tyranny_n they_o can_v no_o long_o endure_v and_o unless_o there_o be_v help_v to_o be_v find_v in_o caesar_n and_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n all_o the_o gall_n must_v as_o the_o helvetian_o do_v forsake_v their_o country_n and_o seek_v new_a house_n and_o seat_n of_o habitation_n far_o remote_a from_o the_o german_n and_o try_v their_o fortune_n whatever_o befall_v they_o if_o these_o thing_n shall_v haply_o be_v discover_v to_o ariovistus_n he_o will_v doubtless_o take_v a_o severe_a revenge_n of_o all_o the_o pledge_n in_o his_o custody_n caesar_n may_v by_o his_o own_o authority_n or_o the_o presence_n of_o his_o army_n or_o by_o the_o renown_n of_o his_o late_a victory_n or_o by_o the_o countenance_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n keep_v the_o german_n from_o transport_v any_o more_o colony_n into_o gallia_n and_o defend_v it_o from_o the_o injury_n of_o ariovistus_n this_o speech_n be_v deliver_v by_o divitiacus_n all_o that_o be_v present_a with_o much_o weep_n beseech_v caesar_n to_o give_v they_o relief_n caesar_n observe_v that_o only_o the_o sequans_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n do_v no_o such_o matter_n or_o be_v so_o affect_v as_o the_o other_o be_v but_o with_o their_o head_n hang_v down_o look_v mournful_o upon_o the_o ground_n and_o wonder_v at_o it_o ask_v they_o the_o cause_n thereof_o to_o which_o they_o make_v no_o reply_n but_o stand_v silent_a with_o the_o same_o countenance_n of_o sorrow_n and_o have_v oftentimes_o iterate_v his_o demand_n without_o gain_v any_o word_n of_o answer_n divitiacus_n the_o heduan_n reply_v that_o the_o state_n of_o the_o sequans_n be_v herein_o more_o miserable_a and_o grievous_a than_o the_o rest_n that_o they_o of_o all_o other_o dare_v not_o complain_v or_o implore_v aid_n although_o it_o be_v in_o secret_a as_o have_v before_o their_o eye_n the_o cruelty_n of_o ariovistus_n be_v absent_a no_o less_o then_o if_o he_o be_v present_a and_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o other_o man_n have_v safe_a mean_n of_o fly_v away_o but_o the_o sequans_n have_v receive_v ariovistus_n into_o their_o country_n and_o make_v he_o master_n of_o their_o town_n be_v necessary_o to_o undergo_v all_o misery_n these_o thing_n be_v know_v caesar_n encourage_v the_o gall_n with_o good_a word_n and_o promise_v they_o to_o have_v a_o care_n of_o that_o matter_n as_o have_v great_a hope_n that_o by_o his_o mean_n and_o power_n ariovistus_n shall_v be_v force_v to_o offer_v no_o further_a injury_n and_o thereupon_o dismiss_v the_o council_n observation_n in_o this_o relation_n there_o be_v divers_a point_n worthy_o recommend_v to_o the_o discretion_n of_o such_o as_o be_v willing_a to_o be_v direct_v by_o other_o man_n misadventure_n as_o first_o into_o what_o extremity_n ambition_n do_v drive_v her_o thirsty_a favourite_n by_o suppress_v the_o better_a faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o set_v such_o unbridled_a motion_n on_o foot_n as_o carry_v man_n headlong_o into_o most_o desperate_a attempt_n for_o as_o it_o have_v deserve_v commendation_n in_o either_o faction_n so_o to_o have_v carry_v their_o emulation_n that_o by_o their_o own_o mean_n and_o strength_n apply_v to_o the_o rule_n of_o good_a government_n their_o authority_n may_v whole_o have_v sway_v the_o inclination_n of_o the_o weak_a state_n so_o be_v it_o most_o odious_a in_o the_o sequani_n to_o call_v in_o foreign_a force_n to_o satisfy_v the_o appetite_n of_o their_o untempered_a humour_n and_o in_o the_o end_n they_o be_v according_o reward_v second_o it_o appear_v how_o dangerous_a a_o thing_n it_o be_v to_o make_v a_o stranger_n a_o stickler_n in_o a_o quarrel_n which_o civil_a dissension_n have_v broach_v when_o the_o party_n that_o call_v he_o in_o shall_v not_o be_v as_o able_a to_o refuse_v his_o assistance_n upon_o occasion_n as_o he_o be_v willing_a to_o entertain_v it_o for_o advantage_n last_o the_o often_o discontent_v of_o these_o state_n show_v the_o force_n of_o a_o present_a evil_n which_o possess_v so_o vehement_o the_o power_n of_o the_o soul_n that_o any_o other_o calamity_n either_o already_o past_a or_o yet_o to_o come_v how_o great_a soever_o seem_v tolerable_a and_o easy_a in_o regard_n of_o that_o smart_n which_o the_o present_a grief_n inflict_v so_o the_o sequani_n choose_v rather_o to_o captivate_v their_o liberty_n to_o the_o barbarism_n of_o a_o savage_a nation_n then_o to_o endure_v the_o hedui_n to_o take_v the_o hand_n of_o they_o and_o again_o to_o make_v themselves_o vassal_n to_o the_o roman_n rather_o than_o endure_v the_o usurp_a cruelty_n of_o the_o german_n and_o final_o as_o the_o sequel_n of_o the_o history_n will_v discover_v to_o hazard_v the_o loss_n of_o life_n and_o country_n then_o to_o suffer_v the_o tax_n and_o imposition_n of_o the_o roman_n so_o predominant_a be_v the_o present_a evil_n in_o man_n affection_n and_o so_o it_o prevail_v at_o the_o seat_n of_o our_o judgement_n chap._n xiii_o the_o reason_n that_o move_v caesar_n to_o undertake_v this_o war_n many_o be_v the_o inducement_n which_o move_v he_o to_o take_v that_o business_n to_o heart_n caesar_n as_o first_o that_o the_o heduan_o who_o be_v oftentimes_o style_v by_o the_o senate_n with_o the_o title_n of_o brethren_n cousin_n and_o ally_n be_v in_o the_o servitude_n and_o thraldom_n of_o the_o german_n and_o that_o their_o hostage_n be_v with_o ariovistus_n and_o the_o sequans_n which_o in_o so_o great_a a_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n he_o take_v to_o be_v very_o dishonourable_a both_o to_o himself_o and_o the_o commonweal_n as_o also_o for_o that_o he_o see_v it_o very_o dangerous_a for_o the_o roman_a empire_n that_o the_o german_n shall_v accustom_v by_o little_a and_o little_a to_o stock_n in_o such_o multitude_n into_o gallia_n neither_o do_v he_o think_v he_o can_v moderate_v or_o restrain_v such_o fierce_a and_o barbarous_a people_n but_o that_o have_v possess_v all_o the_o continent_n of_o gallia_n they_o will_v as_o the_o cimbri_n and_o teuton_n have_v do_v before_o break_v out_o into_o the_o province_n and_o so_o into_o italy_n especial_o the_o sequans_n be_v divide_v from_o the_o province_n but_o with_o the_o river_n rhone_n these_o thing_n he_o think_v fit_a with_o all_o speed_n to_o prevent_v and_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o ariovistus_n be_v grow_v
man_n shall_v apprehend_v the_o terror_n of_o the_o danger_n and_o few_o or_o none_o conceive_v the_o true_a mean_n to_o avoid_v it_o and_o albeit_o the_o presence_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v dear_a to_o his_o soul_n as_o the_o piety_n and_o respect_n of_o age_a parent_n the_o tender_a affection_n towards_o wife_n and_o child_n be_v sufficient_a to_o raise_v valour_n to_o the_o high_a point_n of_o resolution_n yet_o the_o motive_n be_v of_o such_o weight_n as_o will_v rather_o make_v they_o dissident_n of_o their_o own_o worth_n as_o unsufficient_a to_o maintain_v so_o great_a a_o cause_n then_o hold_v they_o in_o that_o key_n which_o true_a honour_n affect_v forasmuch_o as_o the_o terror_n and_o fear_n of_o so_o great_a a_o danger_n will_v present_v a_o great_a measure_n of_o woe_n to_o their_o mind_n than_o the_o hope_n of_o victory_n can_v afford_v they_o joy_n hence_o therefore_o grow_v the_o difference_n between_o he_o that_o seek_v to_o maintain_v that_o estate_n which_o he_o have_v in_o possession_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n and_o another_o that_o seek_v to_o increase_v his_o mean_n by_o valour_n for_o the_o former_a be_v present_v with_o the_o danger_n of_o lose_v all_o his_o estate_n which_o affright_v and_o trouble_v have_v no_o other_o reward_n propound_v unto_o he_o and_o the_o other_o look_v upon_o the_o advantage_n which_o he_o gain_v by_o overcome_v which_o much_o increase_v his_o valour_n without_o any_o loss_n or_o disadvantage_n if_o he_o chance_v to_o be_v put_v to_o the_o worst_a and_o therefore_o there_o be_v always_o great_a odds_o between_o he_o that_o have_v already_o lose_v his_o good_n and_o be_v by_o that_o mean_n become_v desperate_a have_v nothing_o further_a to_o lose_v and_o another_o that_o yet_o keep_v his_o substance_n but_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o lose_v it_o for_o fear_n will_v so_o dismay_v his_o mind_n that_o he_o will_v rather_o distrust_v his_o own_o ability_n then_o entertain_v a_o resolution_n of_o valour_n to_o prove_v this_o we_o need_v not_o seek_v other_o example_n than_o those_o imperial_a city_n in_o who_o cause_n this_o controversy_n be_v first_o move_v for_o when_o hannibal_n be_v come_v into_o italy_n and_o have_v defeat_v sempronius_n the_o consul_n at_o trebia_n the_o roman_n be_v drive_v into_o such_o a_o ecstasy_n of_o terror_n that_o they_o believe_v very_o that_o the_o enemy_n be_v then_o come_v to_o assault_v the_o city_n neither_o have_v they_o any_o hope_n or_o aid_v in_o themselves_o to_o keep_v or_o defend_v the_o same_o on_o the_o other_o side_n scipio_n be_v no_o soon_o land_v in_o africa_n but_o there_o be_v such_o a_o tumult_n in_o carthage_n as_o though_o the_o city_n have_v be_v already_o take_v neither_o can_v the_o opinion_n of_o victory_n which_o hannibal_n by_o a_o conquer_a army_n in_o italy_n have_v confirm_v for_o sixteen_o year_n together_o prevail_v in_o the_o apprehension_n of_o so_o imminent_a a_o danger_n and_o then_o that_o which_o fabius_n borrow_v of_o nature_n to_o teach_v the_o roman_n that_o first_o man_n ought_v to_o defend_v their_o own_o before_o they_o seek_v other_o man_n possessiton_n be_v careful_o follow_v by_o the_o carthaginian_n for_o with_o all_o speed_n they_o send_v for_o hannibal_n out_o of_o italy_n to_o be_v their_o champion_n against_o young_a scipio_n if_o therefore_o other_o thing_n be_v correspondent_a as_o there_o be_v many_o other_o particularity_n concern_v the_o power_n and_o strength_n of_o either_o nation_n to_o be_v consider_v i_o take_v it_o much_o better_o for_o a_o prince_n to_o invade_v a_o enemy_n in_o his_o own_o country_n then_o to_o attend_v he_o at_o home_n in_o his_o own_o kingdom_n the_o four_o observation_n the_o last_o circumstance_n which_o i_o note_v in_o this_o speech_n be_v the_o trust_n which_o he_o repose_v in_o the_o ten_o legion_n be_v in_o itself_o peradventure_o as_o faulty_a as_o any_o other_o wherein_o he_o show_v great_a art_n and_o singular_a wisdom_n for_o he_o that_o have_v once_o offend_v and_o be_v both_o burden_v with_o the_o guilt_n of_o conscience_n and_o upbraid_v with_o the_o reproach_n of_o man_n can_v hardly_o be_v persuade_v that_o his_o fault_n can_v be_v purge_v with_o any_o satisfaction_n and_o although_o the_o punishment_n be_v remit_v yet_o the_o memory_n of_o the_o fact_n will_v never_o be_v blot_v out_o with_o any_o virtuous_a action_n but_o still_o remain_v to_o cast_v dishonour_n upon_o the_o offender_n and_o to_o accuse_v he_o of_o disloyalty_n and_o therefore_o it_o oftentimes_o happen_v that_o a_o error_n be_v once_o rash_o commit_v through_o despair_n of_o remission_n admit_v no_o true_a penitency_n but_o either_o draw_v on_o more_o grievous_a crime_n confirm_v that_o of_o the_o poet_n scelere_fw-la scelus_fw-la â—uendum_fw-la est_fw-la or_o maintain_v his_o error_n by_o wilful_a obstinacy_n as_o it_o be_v say_v of_o the_o lion_n that_o be_v find_v by_o hunter_n in_o a_o cave_n he_o will_v rather_o die_v in_o the_o place_n then_o quit_v it_o for_o shame_n that_o he_o be_v find_v in_o so_o base_a a_o place_n of_o refuge_n and_o therefore_o his_o property_n be_v thus_o express_v ingrediendo_fw-la caecus_fw-la exeundo_fw-la protervus_fw-la this_o do_v caesar_n wise_o prevent_v by_o clear_v the_o ten_o legion_n of_o that_o of_o which_o he_o accuse_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n which_o make_v they_o the_o more_o earnest_a to_o answer_v his_o expectation_n inasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v witness_v to_o themselves_o of_o a_o common_a error_n and_o the_o other_o legious_a envy_v at_o their_o fortune_n resolve_v to_o show_v as_o great_a alacrity_n in_o the_o sequel_n of_o the_o war_n and_o to_o deserve_v more_o than_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o emperor_n have_v impute_v to_o their_o fellow_n chap._n xvii_o the_o treaty_n between_o caesar_n and_o ariovistus_n the_o seven_o day_n caesar_n as_o he_o continue_v on_o his_o march_n his_o spial_n bring_v he_o word_n that_o ariovistus_n with_o all_o his_o force_n be_v within_o twenty_o four_o mile_n of_o that_o place_n who_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o understand_v of_o caesar_n come_n send_v ambassador_n unto_o he_o declare_v that_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o be_v come_v somewhat_o near_o and_o that_o he_o may_v do_v it_o without_o danger_n he_o be_v content_a to_o admit_v of_o a_o parley_n caesar_n refuse_v not_o the_o offer_n think_v now_o to_o find_v he_o reasonable_a in_o that_o he_o offer_v of_o his_o own_o accord_n what_o he_o have_v former_o deny_v at_o caesar_n request_n and_o thereby_o be_v in_o good_a hope_n that_o understanding_n what_o be_v require_v he_o will_v in_o the_o end_n consider_v of_o the_o many_o favour_n he_o have_v receive_v from_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o desist_v from_o such_o wilful_a course_n the_o five_o day_n follow_v be_v appoint_v for_o the_o treaty_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n there_o pass_v often_o message_n reciprocal_o between_o they_o ariovistus_n require_v that_o caesar_n will_v not_o bring_v any_o footman_n to_o the_o parley_n for_o that_o he_o fear_v to_o be_v circumvent_v by_o treachery_n and_o therefore_o think_v fit_a that_o either_o party_n shall_v come_v only_o with_o their_o cavalry_n otherwise_o he_o will_v not_o give_v meeting_n caesar_n not_o willing_a to_o put_v off_o the_o treaty_n for_o any_o such_o cause_n nor_o yet_o dare_v to_o put_v himself_o in_o trust_n to_o the_o french_a horse_n think_v it_o most_o convenient_a to_o leave_v the_o french_a rider_n behind_o he_o and_o to_o set_v the_o soldier_n of_o the_o ten_o legion_n who_o he_o best_o trust_v upon_o their_o horse_n that_o if_o he_o stand_v in_o need_n he_o may_v have_v a_o faithful_a guard_n of_o his_o friend_n about_o he_o whereupon_o one_o of_o the_o soldier_n say_v pretty_o that_o caesar_n have_v do_v more_o for_o they_o then_o he_o have_v promise_v for_o he_o have_v say_v before_o he_o will_v make_v the_o ten_o legion_n as_o a_o guard_n to_o his_o person_n and_o now_o he_o have_v enrol_v they_o all_o for_o horseman_n there_o be_v a_o great_a and_o open_a plain_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n thereof_o a_o rise_a mount_n which_o be_v almost_o in_o the_o mid_a way_n between_o both_o the_o camp_n and_o thither_o according_a to_o the_o agreement_n they_o come_v to_o parley_v the_o legion_n which_o caesar_n have_v bring_v with_o he_o on_o horseback_n he_o place_v two_o hundred_o pace_n from_o the_o say_a mount_n and_o likewise_o the_o horseman_n of_o ariovistus_n stand_v in_o the_o same_o distance_n ariovistus_n request_v they_o may_v talk_v on_o horseback_n and_o bring_v each_o of_o they_o ten_o person_n to_o the_o conference_n at_o their_o meeting_n caesar_n begin_v his_o speech_n with_o a_o commemoration_n of_o the_o favour_n and_o benefit_n the_o senate_n have_v do_v unto_o he_o in_o that_o he_o be_v by_o their_o authority_n entitle_v by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o king_n and_o a_o friend_n and_o thereupon_o
suffice_v the_o front_n of_o his_o battle_n and_o have_v both_o the_o side_n of_o the_o hill_n so_o steep_a that_o the_o enemy_n can_v not_o ascend_v nor_o climb_v up_o but_o to_o their_o own_o overthrow_n he_o make_v the_o backpart_n of_o the_o hill_n strong_a by_o art_n and_o so_o place_v his_o soldier_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o gate_n of_o a_o fortress_n where_o they_o may_v either_o issue_n out_o or_o retire_v at_o their_o pleasure_n whereby_o it_o appear_v how_o much_o he_o prefer_v security_n and_o safety_n before_o the_o vain_a opinion_n of_o foolhardy_a resolution_n which_o savour_v of_o barbarism_n rather_o than_o of_o true_a wisdom_n for_o he_o ever_o think_v it_o great_a gain_n to_o loose_v nothing_o and_o the_o day_n bring_v always_o good_a fortune_n that_o deliver_v up_o the_o army_n safe_a unto_o the_o evening_n attend_v until_o advantage_n have_v lay_v sure_a principle_n of_o victory_n and_o yet_o caesar_n be_v never_o think_v a_o coward_n and_o now_o it_o appear_v what_o use_n he_o make_v by_o pass_v his_o army_n over_o the_o river_n and_o attend_v the_o enemy_n on_o the_o further_a side_n rather_o than_o on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o state_n of_o rheims_n for_o by_o that_o mean_v he_o bring_v to_o pass_v that_o whatsoever_o the_o enemy_n shall_v attempt_v in_o any_o part_n or_o quarter_n of_o the_o land_n his_o force_n be_v ready_a to_o trouble_v their_o proceed_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o their_o attempt_n of_o bibrax_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o he_o lose_v not_o the_o opportunity_n of_o make_v slaughter_n of_o they_o as_o they_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n for_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o bridge_n which_o he_o have_v fortify_v he_o transport_v what_o force_n he_o will_v to_o make_v head_n against_o they_o as_o they_o pass_v over_o and_o so_o he_o take_v what_o advantage_n either_o side_n of_o the_o river_n can_v afford_v he_o the_o second_o observation_n and_o here_o the_o reader_n may_v not_o marvel_n if_o when_o the_o hill_n be_v in_o labour_n they_o bring_v forth_o but_o a_o mouse_n for_o how_o soon_o be_v the_o courage_n of_o this_o huge_a army_n abate_v or_o what_o do_v it_o attempt_v worthy_a such_o a_o multitude_n or_o answerable_a to_o the_o report_n which_o be_v bruit_v of_o their_o valour_n but_o be_v hasty_o carry_v together_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o passion_n be_v as_o quick_o disperse_v upon_o the_o sight_n of_o a_o enemy_n which_o be_v no_o strange_a effect_n of_o a_o sudden_a humour_n for_o as_o in_o nature_n all_o violent_a motion_n be_v of_o short_a continuance_n and_o the_o durability_n or_o last_a quality_n of_o all_o action_n proceed_v from_o a_o slow_a and_o temperate_a progression_n so_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o mind_n that_o be_v carry_v with_o a_o untemperate_a violence_n and_o savour_v so_o much_o of_o heat_n and_o passion_n do_v vanish_v away_o even_o with_o the_o smoke_n thereof_o and_o bring_v forth_o nothing_o but_o leasurable_a repentance_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o ill_a counsel_n for_o man_n of_o such_o nature_n to_o qualify_v their_o hasty_a resolution_n with_o a_o mistrustful_a linger_a that_o when_o their_o judgement_n be_v well_o inform_v of_o the_o cause_n they_o may_v proceed_v to_o a_o speedy_a execution_n but_o that_o which_o most_o bewray_v their_o indiscreet_a intemperance_n in_o the_o hot_a pursuit_n of_o this_o enterprise_n be_v that_o before_o they_o have_v scarce_o see_v the_o enemy_n or_o have_v opportunity_n to_o contest_v he_o in_o open_a field_n their_o victual_n begin_v to_o fail_v they_o for_o their_o mind_n be_v so_o carry_v away_o with_o the_o conceit_n of_o war_n that_o they_o have_v no_o leisure_n to_o provide_v such_o necessary_n as_o be_v the_o strength_n and_o sinew_n of_o the_o war_n it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o every_o particular_a man_n to_o be_v know_v for_o a_o soldier_n in_o so_o honourable_a a_o action_n refer_v other_o matter_n to_o the_o care_n of_o the_o state_n the_o state_n in_o like_a manner_n think_v it_o enough_o to_o furnish_v out_o forty_o or_o fifty_o thousand_o man_n apiece_o to_o discharge_v their_o oath_n and_o to_o save_v their_o hostage_n commit_v other_o requisite_n to_o the_o general_a care_n of_o the_o confederacy_n which_o be_v direct_v by_o as_o unskilful_a governor_n never_o look_v further_a than_o the_o present_a multitude_n which_o seem_v sufficient_a to_o overthrow_v the_o roman_a empire_n and_o thus_o each_o man_n rely_v upon_o another_o care_n and_o satisfy_v himself_o with_o the_o present_a garb_n so_o many_o man_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o quality_n so_o many_o helmet_n and_o plume_a crest_n such_o strife_n and_o emulation_n what_o state_n shall_v seem_v in_o great_a forwardness_n be_v motive_n sufficient_a to_o induce_v every_o man_n to_o go_v without_o further_a inquiry_n how_o they_o shall_v go_v and_o herein_o the_o care_n of_o a_o general_n ought_v especial_o to_o be_v see_v consider_v the_o weakness_n of_o particular_a judgement_n that_o have_v the_o life_n of_o so_o many_o man_n depend_v altogether_o upon_o his_o providence_n and_o engage_v in_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o state_n and_o country_n he_o do_v not_o fail_v in_o these_o main_a point_n of_o discipline_n which_o be_v the_o pillar_n of_o all_o warlike_a design_n to_o conclude_v this_o point_n let_v we_o learn_v by_o their_o error_n so_o to_o carry_v a_o matter_n especial_o of_o that_o consequence_n that_o we_o make_v it_o not_o much_o worse_a by_o ill_o handle_v it_o than_o it_o be_v before_o we_o first_o take_v it_o to_o our_o charge_n as_o it_o here_o happen_v to_o the_o belgae_n for_o their_o tumultuous_a arm_n sort_v to_o no_o other_o end_n then_o to_o give_v caesar_n just_a occasion_n to_o make_v war_n upon_o they_o with_o such_o assurance_n of_o victory_n that_o he_o make_v small_a account_n of_o that_o which_o be_v to_o follow_v in_o regard_n of_o that_o which_o have_v already_o happen_v consider_v that_o he_o shall_v not_o in_o all_o likelihood_n meet_v with_o the_o like_a strength_n again_o in_o the_o continuance_n of_o that_o war_n and_o this_o be_v not_o only_a gravius_fw-la bellum_fw-la successori_fw-la tradere_fw-la to_o leave_v a_o more_o considerable_a war_n unto_o his_o successor_n as_o it_o often_o fall_v out_o in_o the_o course_n of_o a_o long_a continue_a war_n but_o to_o draw_v a_o dangerous_a war_n upon_o their_o head_n that_o otherwise_o may_v have_v live_v in_o peace_n chap._n vi_o the_o belgae_n break_v up_o their_o camp_n and_o as_o they_o return_v home_o be_v chase_v and_o slaughter_a by_o the_o roman_n this_o general_a resolution_n be_v entertain_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o whole_a council_n of_o war_n caesar_n in_o the_o second_o watch_n they_o depart_v out_o of_o their_o camp_n with_o a_o great_a noise_n and_o tumult_n without_o any_o order_n as_o it_o seem_v or_o government_n every_o man_n press_v to_o be_v foremost_a on_o his_o journey_n and_o to_o be_v first_o at_o home_n in_o such_o a_o turbulent_a manner_n that_o they_o seem_v all_o to_o run_v away_o whereof_o caesar_n have_v notice_n by_o his_o spy_n and_o mistrust_v some_o practice_n not_o as_o yet_o perceive_v the_o reason_n of_o their_o departure_n he_o keep_v his_o army_n within_o his_o camp_n in_o the_o dawn_n of_o the_o day_n upon_o certain_a intelligence_n of_o their_o departure_n he_o send_v first_o his_o horseman_n under_o q._n pedius_n and_o l._n aurunculcius_fw-la cotta_n two_o legate_n to_o stay_v the_o rearward_n command_v labienus_n to_o follow_v after_o with_o three_o legion_n these_o overtake_v the_o belgae_n and_o chase_v they_o many_o mile_n slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o and_o while_o the_o rearward_n staâ—ed_v and_o valiant_o receive_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o roman_n the_o vanguard_n be_v out_o of_o danger_n and_o under_o no_o government_n assoon_o as_o they_o head_n the_o alarm_n behind_o they_o break_v out_o of_o their_o rank_n and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n and_o so_o the_o roman_n slay_v they_o as_o long_o as_o the_o sun_n give_v they_o light_n to_o pursue_v they_o and_o then_o sound_v a_o retreat_n they_o return_v to_o their_o camp_n observation_n it_o have_v be_v a_o old_a rule_n among_o soldier_n that_o a_o great_a and_o negligent_a error_n commit_v by_o a_o enemy_n be_v to_o be_v suspect_v as_o a_o pretence_n to_o treachery_n we_o read_v of_o fulvius_n a_o legate_n in_o the_o roman_a army_n lie_v in_o tuscâ—nie_n the_o consul_n be_v go_v to_o rome_n to_o perform_v some_o public_a duty_n the_o tuscan_n take_v occasion_n by_o his_o absence_n to_o try_v whether_o they_o can_v draw_v the_o roman_n into_o any_o inconvenience_n and_o place_v a_o ambuscado_n near_o unto_o their_o camp_n send_v certain_a soldier_n attire_v like_o shepherd_n with_o drove_n of_o cattle_n to_o pass_v in_o view_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n who_o handle_v the_o matter_n so_o that_o they_o
his_o due_a and_o proper_a composition_n what_o then_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o roman_n do_v overcome_v and_o that_o those_o that_o do_v use_v the_o phalanx_n be_v void_a of_o the_o hope_n of_o victory_n even_o from_o hence_o that_o the_o roman_a army_n have_v infinite_a commodity_n both_o of_o place_n and_o of_o time_n to_o fight_v in_o but_o the_o phalanx_n have_v only_o one_o time_n one_o place_n and_o one_o kind_n whereto_o it_o may_v profitable_o apply_v itself_o so_o that_o if_o it_o be_v of_o necessity_n that_o their_o enemy_n shall_v encounter_v they_o at_o that_o instant_n especial_o with_o their_o whole_a force_n it_o be_v questionless_a not_o only_o not_o without_o danger_n but_o in_o all_o probability_n likely_a that_o the_o phalanx_n shall_v ever_o carry_v away_o the_o better_a but_o if_o that_o may_v be_v avoid_v which_o be_v easy_o do_v shall_v not_o that_o disposition_n than_o be_v utter_o unprofitable_a and_o free_a from_o all_o terror_n and_o it_o be_v far_a evident_a that_o the_o phalanx_n must_v necessary_o have_v plain_a and_o champain_n place_n without_o any_o hindrance_n or_o impediment_n as_o ditch_n uneven_a place_n valley_n little_a hill_n and_o river_n for_o all_o these_o may_v hinder_v and_o disjoin_v it_o and_o it_o be_v almost_o impossible_a to_o have_v a_o plain_a of_o the_o capacity_n of_o twenty_o stadia_fw-la much_o less_o more_o where_o there_o shall_v be_v find_v none_o of_o these_o impediment_n but_o suppose_v there_o be_v find_v such_o place_n as_o be_v proper_a for_o the_o phalanx_n if_o the_o enemy_n refuse_v to_o come_v unto_o they_o and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n spoil_v and_o sack_v the_o city_n and_o country_n round_o about_o what_o commodity_n or_o profit_n shall_v arise_v by_o any_o army_n so_o order_v for_o if_o it_o remain_v in_o such_o place_n as_o have_v be_v before_o speak_v of_o it_o can_v neither_o relieve_v their_o friend_n nor_o preserve_v themselves_o for_o the_o convoy_n which_o they_o expect_v from_o their_o friend_n be_v easy_o cut_v off_o by_o the_o enemy_n while_o they_o remain_v in_o those_o open_a place_n and_o if_o it_o happen_v at_o any_o time_n that_o they_o leave_v they_o upon_o any_o enterprise_n they_o be_v then_o expose_v to_o the_o enemy_n but_o suppose_v that_o the_o roman_a army_n shall_v find_v the_o phalanx_n in_o such_o place_n yet_o will_v it_o not_o adventure_v itself_o in_o gross_a at_o one_o instant_a but_o will_v by_o little_a and_o little_o retire_v itself_o as_o do_v plain_o appear_v by_o their_o usual_a practice_n for_o there_o must_v not_o be_v a_o conjectur_n of_o these_o thing_n by_o my_o word_n only_o but_o especial_o by_o that_o which_o they_o do_v for_o they_o do_v not_o so_o equal_o frame_v their_o battle_n that_o they_o do_v assault_v the_o enemy_n altogether_o make_v as_o it_o werebut_n one_o front_n but_o part_n make_v a_o stand_n and_o part_n charge_v the_o enemy_n that_o if_o at_o any_o time_n the_o phalanx_n do_v press_v they_o that_o come_v to_o assault_v they_o and_o be_v repel_v the_o force_n of_o their_o order_n be_v dissolve_v for_o whether_o they_o pursue_v those_o that_o retire_v or_o fly_v from_o those_o that_o do_v assault_v they_o these_o do_v disjoin_v themselves_o from_o part_n of_o their_o army_n by_o which_o mean_v there_o be_v a_o gap_n open_v to_o their_o enemy_n stand_v and_o attend_v their_o opportunity_n so_o that_o now_o they_o need_v not_o any_o more_o to_o charge_v they_o in_o the_o front_n where_o the_o force_n of_o the_o phalanx_n consist_v but_o to_o assault_v where_o the_o breach_n be_v make_v both_o behind_o and_o upon_o the_o side_n but_o if_o at_o any_o time_n the_o roman_a army_n may_v keep_v his_o due_a propriety_n and_o disposition_n the_o phalanx_n by_o the_o disadvantage_n of_o the_o place_n be_v not_o able_a to_o do_v the_o like_a do_v it_o not_o then_o manifest_o demonstrate_v the_o difference_n to_o be_v great_a between_o the_o goodness_n of_o their_o disposition_n and_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o phalanx_n to_o this_o may_v be_v add_v the_o necessity_n impose_v upon_o a_o army_n which_o be_v to_o march_v through_o place_n of_o all_o nature_n to_o encamp_v themselves_o to_o possess_v place_n of_o advantage_n to_o besiege_v and_o to_o be_v besiege_v and_o also_o contrary_a to_o expectation_n sometime_o to_o come_v in_o view_n of_o the_o enemy_n for_o all_o these_o occasion_n necessary_o accompany_v a_o army_n and_o oftentimes_o be_v the_o especial_a cause_n of_o victory_n to_o which_o the_o macedonian_a phalanx_n be_v no_o way_n fit_a or_o convenient_a forasmuch_o as_o neither_o in_o their_o general_a order_n nor_o in_o their_o particular_a disposition_n without_o a_o convenient_a place_n they_o be_v able_a to_o effect_v any_o thing_n of_o moment_n but_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v apt_a for_o all_o these_o purpose_n for_o every_o soldier_n among_o they_o be_v once_o arm_v and_o ready_a to_o fight_v refuse_v no_o place_n time_n nor_o occasion_n keep_v always_o the_o same_o order_n whether_o he_o fight_v together_o with_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o army_n or_o particular_o by_o himself_o man_n to_o man_n and_o hence_o it_o happen_v that_o as_o the_o commodity_n of_o their_o disposition_n be_v advantageous_a so_o the_o end_n do_v answer_v the_o expectation_n these_o thing_n i_o think_v to_o speak_v of_o at_o large_a because_o many_o of_o the_o grecian_n be_v of_o a_o opinion_n that_o the_o macedonian_n be_v not_o to_o be_v overcome_v and_o again_o many_o wonder_v how_o the_o macedonian_a phalanx_n shall_v be_v put_v to_o the_o worse_a by_o the_o roman_a army_n consider_v the_o nature_n of_o their_o weapon_n thus_o far_o go_v polybius_n in_o compare_v the_o weapon_n and_o embattel_v of_o the_o roman_n with_o the_o use_n of_o arm_n among_o the_o macedonian_n wherein_o we_o see_v the_o pike_n true_o and_o exact_o order_v according_a as_o the_o wise_a grecians_n can_v best_o proportion_v it_o with_o that_o form_n of_o battle_n which_o may_v give_v most_o advantage_n to_o the_o use_n thereof_o so_o that_o if_o our_o squadron_n of_o pike_n jump_v not_o with_o the_o perfect_a manner_n of_o a_o phalanx_n as_o we_o see_v they_o do_v not_o they_o fall_v so_o much_o short_a of_o that_o strength_n which_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o grecian_n and_o the_o experience_n of_o other_o nation_n impute_v unto_o it_o but_o suppose_v we_o can_v allow_v it_o that_o disposition_n in_o the_o course_n of_o our_o war_n which_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o weapon_n do_v require_v yet_o forasmuch_o as_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o polybius_n the_o say_a manner_n of_o imbattel_v be_v tie_v to_o such_o dangerous_a circumstance_n of_o one_o time_n one_o place_n and_o one_o kind_n of_o fight_n i_o hold_v it_o not_o so_o profitable_a a_o weapon_n as_o the_o practice_n of_o our_o time_n do_v seem_v to_o make_v it_o especial_o in_o woody_a country_n such_o as_o ireland_n be_v where_o the_o use_n be_v cut_v off_o by_o such_o inconvenience_n as_o be_v note_v to_o hinder_v the_o manage_n thereof_o and_o doubtless_o if_o our_o commander_n do_v but_o consider_v of_o the_o incongruity_n of_o the_o pike_n and_o ireland_n they_o will_v not_o proportion_v so_o great_a a_o number_n of_o they_o in_o every_o company_n as_o there_o be_v for_o common_o half_a the_o company_n be_v pike_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v in_o the_o practice_n of_o our_o war_n that_o half_o the_o army_n have_v neither_o offensive_a nor_o defensive_a weapon_n but_o only_o against_o a_o troup_n of_o horse_n for_o they_o seldom_o or_o never_o come_v to_o the_o push_n of_o pike_n with_o the_o foot_n company_n where_o they_o may_v charge_v and_o offend_v the_o enemy_n and_o for_o defence_n if_o the_o enemy_n think_v it_o not_o safe_a to_o buckle_v with_o they_o at_o hand_n but_o make_v more_o advantage_n to_o play_v upon_o they_o afar_o off_o with_o shot_n it_o afford_v small_a safety_n to_o shake_v a_o long_a pike_n at_o they_o and_o stand_v fair_a in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o entertain_v a_o volley_n of_o shot_n with_o the_o body_n of_o their_o battalion_n as_o i_o make_v no_o question_n but_o the_o pike_n in_o some_o service_n be_v profitable_a as_o behind_o a_o rampire_n or_o at_o a_o breach_n so_o i_o assure_v myself_o there_o be_v weapon_n if_o they_o be_v put_v to_o trial_n that_o will_v countervail_v the_o pike_n even_o in_o those_o service_n wherein_o it_o be_v think_v most_o profitable_a concern_v the_o target_n we_o see_v it_o take_v the_o hand_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o polybius_n of_o all_o other_o weapon_n whatsoever_o as_o well_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o divers_a and_o sundry_a sort_n of_o imbattel_v as_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o place_n wheresoever_o for_o their_o use_n be_v as_o effectual_a in_o small_a body_n and_o century_n as_o in_o gross_a troop_n and_o great_a
imperator_n upon_o a_o due_a and_o full_a victory_n chap._n xi_o the_o britan_n make_v peace_n with_o caesar_n but_o break_v it_o again_o upon_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o roman_a ship_v the_o britan_n be_v overthrow_v in_o this_o battle_n caesar_n assoon_o as_o they_o have_v recover_v their_o safety_n by_o flight_n they_o present_o dispatch_v messenger_n to_o caesar_n to_o entreat_v for_o peace_n promise_v hostage_n and_o obedience_n in_o whatsoever_o he_o command_v and_o with_o these_o ambassador_n return_v comius_n of_o arras_n who_o caesar_n have_v send_v before_o into_o brittany_n and_o who_o the_o britan_n at_o his_o first_o land_n with_o caesar_n mandate_n have_v seize_v upon_o and_o throw_v into_o prison_n but_o after_o the_o battle_n they_o release_v he_o and_o become_v now_o suitor_n for_o peace_n throw_v all_o the_o blame_n thereof_o upon_o the_o multitude_n excuse_v themselves_o as_o ignorant_a of_o it_o and_o so_o desire_v to_o be_v pardon_v caesar_n complain_v that_o whereas_o they_o send_v unto_o he_o into_o gallia_n to_o desire_v peace_n notwithstanding_o at_o his_o come_n they_o make_v war_n against_o he_o without_o any_o cause_n or_o reason_n at_o all_o but_o excuse_v it_o by_o their_o ignorance_n he_o command_v hostage_n to_o be_v deliver_v unto_o he_o which_o they_o present_o perform_v in_o part_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v to_o be_v set_v further_o off_o they_o promise_v shall_v likewise_o be_v render_v within_o a_o short_a time_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o they_o command_v their_o people_n to_o return_v to_o their_o possession_n and_o their_o ruler_n and_o prince_n come_v out_o of_o all_o quarter_n to_o commend_v themselves_o and_o their_o state_n to_o caesar_n the_o peace_n be_v thus_o conclude_v four_o day_n after_o that_o caesar_n come_v into_o brittany_n the_o eighteen_o ship_n which_o be_v appoint_v for_o the_o horseman_n put_v out_o to_o sea_n with_o a_o gentle_a wind_n and_o approach_v so_o near_o the_o coast_n of_o brittany_n that_o they_o be_v within_o view_n of_o the_o roman_a camp_n there_o arise_v such_o a_o sudden_a tempest_n that_o none_o of_o they_o be_v able_a to_o hold_v their_o course_n but_o some_o of_o they_o return_v to_o the_o port_n from_o whence_o they_o come_v other_o some_o be_v cast_v upon_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o island_n which_o lie_v to_o the_o westward_o and_o there_o cast_v anchor_n take_v in_o so_o much_o water_n that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o commit_v themselves_o again_o to_o the_o sea_n and_o direct_v their_o course_n to_o the_o coast_n of_o gallia_n the_o same_o night_n it_o happen_v that_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o the_o full_a the_o tide_n be_v very_o high_a in_o those_o sea_n whereof_o the_o roman_n be_v altogether_o ignorant_a both_o the_o galley_n that_o transport_v the_o army_n which_o be_v draw_v up_o upon_o the_o shore_n be_v fill_v with_o the_o tide_n and_o the_o ship_n of_o burden_n that_o lie_v at_o anchor_n be_v shake_v with_o the_o tempest_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o help_n to_o be_v give_v unto_o they_o so_o that_o many_o of_o they_o be_v rend_v and_o split_v in_o piece_n and_o the_o rest_n lose_v both_o their_o anchour_n cable_n and_o other_o tackle_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n become_v altogether_o unserviceable_a where_o at_o the_o whole_a army_n be_v exceed_o trouble_v for_o there_o be_v no_o other_o ship_v to_o recarry_v they_o back_o again_o neither_o have_v they_o any_o necessary_n to_o new_a furnish_v the_o old_a and_o every_o man_n know_v that_o they_o must_v needs_o winter_n in_o gallia_n forasmuch_o as_o there_o be_v no_o provision_n of_o corn_v those_o place_n where_o they_o be_v which_o thing_n be_v know_v to_o the_o prince_n of_o brittany_n that_o be_v assemble_v to_o confer_v of_o such_o thing_n as_o caesar_n have_v command_v they_o to_o perform_v when_o they_o understand_v that_o the_o roman_n want_v both_o their_o horseman_n ship_v and_o provision_n of_o corn_n and_o conjecture_v of_o the_o paucity_n of_o their_o force_n by_o the_o small_a circuit_n of_o their_o camp_n that_o which_o make_v it_o of_o less_o compass_n then_o usual_a be_v that_o caâ—sar_n have_v transport_v his_o soldier_n without_o such_o necessary_a carriage_n as_o they_o use_v to_o take_v with_o they_o they_o think_v it_o their_o best_a course_n to_o rebel_n and_o to_o keep_v the_o roman_n from_o corn_n and_o convoy_n of_o provision_n and_o so_o prolong_v the_o matter_n until_o winter_n come_v on_o for_o they_o think_v that_o if_o these_o be_v once_o overthrow_v and_o cut_v off_o from_o return_v into_o gallia_n never_o any_o man_n will_v afterward_o adventure_v to_o bring_v a_o army_n into_o brittany_n therefore_o they_o conspire_v again_o the_o second_o time_n and_o convey_v themselves_o by_o stealth_n out_o of_o the_o camp_n and_o get_v their_o man_n privy_o out_o of_o the_o field_n to_o make_v head_n in_o some_o convenient_a place_n against_o the_o roman_n the_o first_o observation_n concern_v the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o cause_n thereof_o it_o have_v already_o be_v handle_v in_o the_o second_o book_n to_o which_o i_o will_v add_v thus_o much_o as_o may_v serve_v to_o show_v how_o the_o roman_n become_v so_o ignorant_a of_o the_o springtide_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o full_a and_o new_a of_o the_o moon_n it_o be_v observe_v by_o experience_n that_o the_o motion_n of_o this_o watery_a element_n be_v altogether_o direct_v by_o the_o course_n of_o the_o moon_n wherein_o she_o exercise_v her_o regency_n according_a as_o she_o find_v the_o matter_n qualify_v for_o her_o influence_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o all_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o such_o gulf_n as_o be_v enclose_v in_o sinâ—es_n and_o bosom_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v both_o abridge_v of_o the_o liberty_n of_o their_o course_n and_o through_o the_o smallnesse_n of_o their_o quantity_n be_v not_o so_o capable_a of_o celestial_a power_n as_o the_o ocean_n itself_o it_o consequent_o follow_v that_o the_o tuscan_a sea_n wherewith_o the_o roman_n be_v chief_o acquaint_v be_v not_o so_o answerable_a in_o effect_n to_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o moon_n as_o the_o main_a sea_n who_o bound_n be_v range_v in_o a_o more_o spacious_a circuit_n and_o through_o the_o plenteous_a abundance_n of_o his_o part_n better_a answer_v the_o virtue_n of_o the_o moon_n the_o ocean_n therefore_o be_v thus_o obedient_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o celestial_a body_n take_v her_o course_n of_o slow_v from_o the_o north_n fall_v with_o such_o a_o current_n between_o the_o orcades_n and_o the_o main_a of_o norvegia_n that_o she_o fill_v our_o channel_n between_o england_n and_o france_n with_o great_a swell_a tide_n and_o make_v her_o motion_n more_o eminent_a in_o these_o quarter_n then_o in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o hence_o it_o happen_v that_o our_o river_n of_o thames_n lie_v with_o her_o mouth_n so_o ready_a to_o receive_v the_o tide_n as_o it_o come_v and_o have_v withal_o a_o plain_a level_v belly_n and_o a_o very_a small_a fresh_a current_n take_v the_o tide_n as_o far_o into_o the_o land_n as_o any_o other_o know_v river_n of_o europe_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n the_o roman_n be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o springtide_n in_o the_o full_a of_o the_o moon_n the_o second_o observation_n such_o as_o either_o by_o their_o own_o experience_n or_o otherwise_o by_o observation_n of_o that_o which_o history_n record_v be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o government_n of_o commonweal_n be_v not_o ignorant_a with_o what_o difficulty_n a_o nation_n that_o either_o have_v long_o live_v in_o liberty_n or_o be_v govern_v by_o commander_n of_o their_o own_o choose_n be_v make_v subject_n to_o the_o yoke_n of_o bondage_n or_o reduce_v under_o the_o obedience_n of_o a_o stranger_n for_o as_o we_o be_v apt_a by_o a_o natural_a inclination_n to_o civil_a society_n so_o by_o the_o same_o nature_n we_o desire_v a_o free_a disposition_n of_o ourselves_o and_o possession_n as_o the_o chief_a end_n of_o the_o say_a society_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o government_n of_o a_o subdue_a state_n what_o loss_n or_o disadvantage_n happen_v to_o the_o victor_n or_o how_o indirect_o soever_o it_o concern_v the_o bond_n of_o their_o thraldom_n the_o captive_a people_n behold_v it_o as_o a_o part_n of_o their_o adversary_n overthrow_v and_o conceive_v thereupon_o such_o spirit_n as_o answer_v the_o greatness_n of_o their_o hope_n and_o sort_n with_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o will_n which_o always_o make_v that_o seem_v easy_a to_o be_v effect_v which_o it_o desire_v and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o the_o britan_n alter_v their_o resolution_n of_o peace_n upon_o the_o loss_n which_o the_o roman_n have_v receive_v in_o their_o ship_n chap._n xii_o caesar_n new_a triâ—ameth_v his_o late_a shake_a navy_n the_o britan_n set_v upon_o the_o roman_n as_o they_o harve_v but_o be_v put_v off_o by_o caesar_n
to_o the_o extraordinary_a labour_n of_o his_o soldier_n reward_v fore_o whereas_o they_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o their_o wintering-camp_n before_o winter_n be_v end_v and_o be_v carry_v unreasonable_o upon_o a_o service_n he_o reward_v they_o with_o the_o booty_n and_o spoil_n of_o the_o enemy_n contrary_a to_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o the_o roman_a warfare_n which_o reserve_v either_o all_o or_o the_o most_o part_n thereof_o for_o the_o public_a treasury_n and_o leave_v the_o soldier_n to_o his_o stipendiary_a entertainment_n which_o be_v a_o point_n very_o observable_a in_o the_o carriage_n of_o a_o war_n wherein_o be_v require_v as_o well_o eminent_a and_o extraordinary_a attempt_n as_o common_a and_o usual_a duty_n and_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o a_o wise_a commander_n be_v think_v worthy_a their_o answerable_a reward_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o gergovia_n as_o it_o follow_v in_o the_o seven_o commentary_n l._n fabius_n a_o centurion_n tell_v his_o companion_n that_o the_o booty_n and_o pillage_n which_o he_o have_v get_v at_o the_o take_n of_o avaricum_n will_v not_o suffer_v any_o man_n to_o get_v up_o upon_o the_o wall_n before_o himself_o and_o so_o for_o the_o most_o part_n it_o fall_v out_o that_o honourable_a attempt_n be_v honourable_o reward_v do_v as_o seed_v sow_v in_o good_a ground_n multiply_v the_o increase_n of_o like_a virtuous_a action_n and_o this_o be_v one_o principal_a mean_n which_o he_o use_v to_o give_v courage_n and_o valour_n to_o his_o soldier_n as_o when_o he_o go_v to_o get_v spain_n from_o pompey_n and_o that_o faction_n bell_n he_o borrow_a money_n of_o the_o tribune_n &_o centurion_n &_o give_v it_o in_o largess_n to_o the_o soldier_n whereby_o he_o gain_v as_o he_o say_v two_o advantage_n quod_fw-la pignore_fw-la animos_fw-la centurionum_fw-la devinxit_fw-la &_o largitione_n redemit_fw-la militum_fw-la voluntates_fw-la for_o he_o engage_v the_o centurion_n to_o he_o whilst_o he_o have_v this_o pledge_n from_o they_o and_o by_o his_o largesse_n purchase_v the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o soldier_n chap._n iii_o caesar_n summon_v a_o general_a council_n and_o carry_v his_o army_n against_o the_o senones_n a_o general_n councillor_n meet_v of_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n be_v summon_v caesar_n according_a to_o his_o first_o resolution_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o spring_n whereas_o all_o the_o rest_n save_v the_o senones_n carnutes_n and_o treviri_n make_v their_o appearance_n he_o conceive_v of_o it_o as_o the_o begin_n of_o war_n and_o defection_n and_o thereupon_o set_v all_o other_o thing_n aside_o he_o transfer_v the_o council_n to_o the_o city_n of_o paris_n in_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o senones_n which_o in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o father_n have_v unite_v their_o state_n unto_o they_o but_o be_v hold_v clear_a of_o this_o confederacy_n this_o thing_n be_v publish_v from_o the_o tribunal_n the_o same_o day_n he_o carry_v the_o legion_n against_o the_o senones_n and_o by_o great_a journey_n come_v into_o their_o country_n his_o come_v be_v know_v acco_n the_o chief_a author_n of_o that_o rebellion_n command_v the_o multitude_n to_o go_v into_o city_n and_o town_n of_o defence_n but_o as_o they_o endeavour_v before_o it_o can_v be_v accomplish_v news_n be_v bring_v that_o the_o roman_n be_v already_o come_v whereby_o they_o necessary_o leave_v off_o their_o purpose_n and_o send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n to_o entreat_v for_o favour_n they_o use_v the_o mediation_n of_o the_o hedui_n who_o state_n have_v of_o old_a time_n be_v in_o faith_n and_o league_n with_o the_o roman_n caesar_n at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o hedui_n do_v willing_o afford_v they_o pardon_v and_o accept_v their_o excuse_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o judge_v the_o summer_n time_n fit_a to_o be_v spend_v in_o the_o war_n which_o be_v come_v on_o he_o rather_o than_o in_o matter_n of_o question_n and_o judgement_n and_o have_v command_v a_o hundred_o pledge_n he_o deliver_v they_o to_o be_v keep_v by_o the_o hedui_n the_o carnutes_n likewise_o send_v messenger_n and_o pledge_n and_o by_o the_o entreaty_n of_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n who_o client_n they_o be_v receive_v the_o same_o answer_n caesar_n end_v the_o council_n and_o command_v horseman_n to_o be_v send_v he_o from_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n the_o first_o observation_n it_o shall_v not_o seem_v impertinent_a to_o the_o reader_n that_o i_o take_v occasion_n here_o to_o say_v somewhat_o touch_v the_o use_n and_o benefit_n of_o this_o parliament_n or_o councell-generall_a parliament_n wherein_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n or_o at_o the_o least_o such_o as_o do_v acknowledge_v the_o roman_a sovereignty_n present_v their_o fealty_n and_o be_v mutual_a witness_n of_o each_o other_o allegiance_n concern_v which_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o as_o all_o natural_a body_n have_v a_o transitory_a be_v depend_v upon_o motion_n and_o function_n of_o part_n so_o special_o state_n and_o commonweal_n as_o sympathize_v with_o natural_a cause_n have_v no_o certain_a continuance_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o be_v but_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o alteration_n of_o time_n and_o fortune_n and_o do_v pass_v the_o age_n of_o a_o natural_a life_n from_o infancy_n grow_v to_o better_a strength_n until_o it_o come_v to_o the_o best_a perfection_n which_o year_n can_v afford_v it_o and_o then_o decay_v again_o by_o like_a degree_n even_o to_o the_o period_n and_o death_n of_o that_o policy_n for_o remedy_v whereof_o and_o for_o the_o prevention_n of_o any_o weaken_a disease_n which_o may_v infect_v either_o the_o whole_a power_n of_o the_o body_n or_o so_o possess_v any_o part_n thereof_o as_o it_o may_v thereby_o prove_v either_o dangerous_a or_o unprofitable_a among_o other_o help_n these_o counsel_n and_o meeting_n have_v be_v think_v necessary_a wherein_o every_o particular_a state_n and_o city_n have_v some_o of_o their_o society_n present_a as_o well_o to_o open_v their_o grievance_n if_o any_o be_v and_o to_o seek_v ease_n and_o relief_n by_o way_n of_o treaty_n and_o dispute_n as_o also_o to_o receive_v such_o direction_n and_o mandate_n as_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o prince_n shall_v think_v meet_a for_o their_o government_n for_o as_o this_o common_a council_n or_o general_a assembly_n may_v well_o be_v term_v the_o pulse_n of_o a_o politic_a body_n whereby_o the_o true_a state_n and_o temperature_n thereof_o be_v discern_v so_o be_v it_o also_o as_o a_o treaty_n or_o parley_n and_o a_o renew_n of_o the_o condition_n of_o peace_n between_o the_o head_n and_o the_o member_n where_o sovereignty_n and_o obedience_n be_v mutual_o propound_v do_v concur_v in_o the_o establish_n of_o true_a and_o perfect_a government_n and_o this_o be_v that_o which_o the_o politician_n of_o late_a time_n do_v in_o their_o write_n call_v the_o reduce_n of_o a_o common-weal_n to_o the_o first_o beginning_n for_o the_o noisome_a and_o superfluous_a humour_n be_v by_o this_o mean_v purge_v and_o abate_v the_o body_n of_o the_o public_a weal_n be_v refine_v into_o such_o true_a and_o natural_a element_n and_o settle_v in_o that_o disposition_n of_o health_n as_o may_v give_v great_a hope_n of_o long_a continuance_n beside_o this_o use_n and_o benefit_n of_o these_o assembly_n there_o be_v many_o necessary_a business_n conclude_v and_o many_o thing_n agree_v unto_o serve_v to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o war_n against_o party_n and_o faction_n as_o namely_o the_o leviâ—s_n and_o supply_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n grant_v by_o this_o council_n as_o a_o subsidy_n which_o in_o the_o roman_a army_n receive_v stipend_n and_o pay_v by_o the_o name_n of_o auxiliary_a or_o associate_v force_n whereof_o we_o read_v in_o many_o place_n of_o these_o commentary_n and_o particular_o in_o this_o book_n but_o the_o roman_n use_v special_o the_o service_n of_o their_o horseman_n as_o the_o flower_n of_o their_o strength_n and_o far_o exceed_v their_o foot_n company_n in_o execution_n of_o arm_n and_o use_n of_o war_n wherein_o the_o gall_n have_v ever_o challenge_v a_o preeminence_n before_o other_o their_o neighbour_n nation_n and_o have_v continue_v the_o same_o reputation_n even_o unto_o this_o time_n footman_n whether_o it_o be_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o nimble_a and_o quick_a motion_n of_o their_o spirit_n which_o be_v better_o suit_v with_o the_o swift_a and_o speedy_a execution_n of_o horse_n then_o with_o any_o readiness_n which_o their_o own_o strength_n can_v afford_v they_o or_o what_o other_o cause_n it_o have_v i_o know_v not_o but_o this_o i_o be_o sure_a of_o that_o as_o the_o world_n take_v notice_n of_o their_o hot_a fantasy_n so_o will_v the_o french_a be_v reckon_v the_o best_a horseman_n of_o any_o other_o nation_n the_o last_o say_n which_o i_o observe_v concern_v this_o council_n be_v the_o time_n wherein_o it_o be_v summon_v which_o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o spring_n rather_o than_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o
year_n whereof_o there_o be_v this_o reason_n that_o if_o any_o state_n neglect_v the_o summons_n and_o refuse_v to_o make_v their_o appearance_n according_a to_o custom_n the_o summer_n time_n come_v on_o give_v good_a mean_n to_o the_o roman_a legion_n to_o punish_v the_o insolency_n of_o such_o a_o contempt_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o this_o place_n to_o the_o senones_n carnutes_n and_o treviri_n who_o absence_n from_o this_o meeting_n be_v a_o sufficient_a argument_n to_o caesar_n of_o their_o rebellion_n and_o deserve_v the_o reward_n of_o open_a revolt_n the_o second_o observation_n the_o second_o thing_n which_o i_o will_v brief_o observe_v in_o this_o chapter_n service_n be_v the_o pardon_n which_o caesar_n willing_o give_v the_o senones_n at_o the_o mediation_n of_o the_o hedui_n not_o so_o much_o for_o the_o respect_n he_o bear_v unto_o the_o hedui_n although_o they_o have_v of_o long_a time_n perform_v good_a service_n to_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o be_v find_v more_o faithful_a than_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n howbeit_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o that_o he_o be_v glad_a of_o that_o occasion_n to_o gratify_v the_o hedui_n but_o as_o a_o master_n in_o that_o faculty_n well_o know_v what_o best_o suit_v with_o the_o public_a profit_n in_o all_o time_n and_o season_n he_o will_v not_o misspend_v the_o summer_n in_o question_n and_o dispute_n concern_v former_a error_n which_o may_v better_o be_v remember_v upon_o other_o occasion_n but_o rather_o in_o prosecute_a war_n against_o other_o special_a revolter_n as_o a_o matter_n more_o behooveful_a to_o the_o advancement_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o best_a fit_v the_o time_n of_o summer_n for_o in_o follow_v a_o business_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o available_a to_o a_o fortunate_a issue_n then_o to_o be_v able_a to_o distinguish_v of_o the_o validity_n of_o the_o party_n and_o to_o discern_v which_o have_v most_o interest_n in_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o matter_n that_o so_o we_o may_v not_o be_v mistake_v in_o our_o design_n but_o follow_v that_o course_n as_o shall_v most_o advantage_v our_o purpose_n and_o here_o a_o general_n be_v to_o take_v special_a care_n that_o no_o humorous_a respect_n do_v hinder_v that_o resolution_n which_o true_a judgement_n approve_v for_o oftentimes_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o either_o particular_a profit_n delight_v pleasure_n desire_v of_o revenge_n or_o some_o other_o unseasonable_a affection_n do_v so_o entangle_v they_o in_o their_o proceed_n as_o they_o never_o attain_v to_o the_o main_a drift_n of_o the_o action_n and_o this_o be_v call_v stumble_v by_o the_o way_n chap._n iu._n caesar_n intend_v the_o war_n of_o the_o treviri_n this_o part_n of_o gallia_n be_v quiet_v he_o bend_v his_o whole_a mind_n to_o make_v war_n against_o the_o treviri_n and_o ambiorix_n caesar_n command_v cavarinus_n with_o the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o senones_n to_o go_v along_o with_o he_o lest_o any_o tumult_n shall_v happen_v in_o his_o absence_n either_o through_o his_o discontentment_n or_o the_o malice_n of_o the_o state_n these_o thing_n be_v thus_o determine_v forasmuch_o as_o he_o well_o kneâ—_n that_o ambiorix_n will_v not_o come_v to_o blow_n in_o open_a fight_n he_o endeavour_v by_o what_o mean_v he_o can_v to_o understand_v his_o other_o purpose_n the_o menapii_n be_v neighbour-borderer_n upon_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o eburones_n enclose_v about_o with_o a_o defence_n of_o bog_n and_o wood_n and_o only_o they_o of_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n have_v never_o send_v to_o caesar_n touch_v any_o contract_n of_o peace_n of_o they_o ambiorix_n be_v receive_v and_o have_v familiar_a entertainment_n and_o further_o he_o understand_v that_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o the_o treviri_n the_o german_n be_v bring_v to_o a_o contract_n of_o friendship_n with_o he_o also_o these_o help_v he_o think_v be_v fit_a to_o be_v take_v from_o ambiorix_n before_o he_o set_v upon_o he_o with_o open_a war_n lest_o despair_v of_o his_o safety_n he_o shall_v either_o hide_v himself_o among_o the_o menapii_n or_o be_v compel_v to_o fly_v over_o the_o rhine_n to_o the_o german_n in_o this_o resolution_n he_o send_v the_o baggage_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n with_o a_o convoy_n of_o two_o legion_n to_o labienus_n who_o be_v then_o in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o treviri_n and_o he_o himself_o with_o five_o expedite_a and_o unburthened_a legion_n make_v towards_o the_o menapii_n they_o have_v make_v no_o head_n but_o trust_v to_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o place_n â—led_v into_o the_o wood_n and_o bog_n and_o carry_v all_o they_o have_v with_o they_o caesar_n divide_v his_o force_n to_o c._n fabius_n a_o legate_n and_o m._n crassus_n the_o treasurer_n have_v make_v speedy_a provision_n of_o bridge_n do_v set_v upon_o they_o in_o three_o part_n and_o burn_v house_n and_o village_n and_o take_v great_a number_n of_o man_n and_o cattle_n whereby_o the_o menapii_n be_v constrain_v to_o send_v to_o caesar_n for_o peace_n he_o have_v take_v pledge_n of_o they_o assure_v they_o that_o he_o will_v esteem_v they_o as_o enemy_n if_o they_o do_v either_o receive_v ambiorix_n into_o their_o country_n or_o any_o messenger_n from_o he_o the_o matter_n be_v thus_o compound_v he_o leave_v among_o they_o comius_n of_o arras_n with_o certain_a horse_n as_o a_o garrison_n to_o that_o place_n and_o he_o himself_o make_v towards_o the_o treviri_n observation_n hence_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o as_o it_o fall_v out_o in_o other_o thing_n for_o the_o most_o part_n so_o special_o in_o matter_n of_o war_n there_o be_v such_o a_o medley_n and_o interlace_n of_o material_a circumstance_n with_o the_o body_n of_o the_o action_n that_o common_o one_o business_n beget_v another_o caesar_n chief_a design_n at_o this_o time_n be_v the_o war_n against_o ambiorix_n and_o the_o treviri_n but_o consider_v the_o contract_n and_o league_n between_o they_o and_o the_o menapii_n he_o will_v not_o prosecute_v the_o war_n of_o the_o treviri_n until_o he_o have_v take_v away_o that_o assistance_n and_o leave_v they_o in_o the_o nakedness_n of_o their_o own_o strength_n wherein_o we_o may_v first_o observe_v what_o opinion_n caesar_n hold_v of_o ally_n and_o associate_n associate_n or_o any_o other_o that_o give_v help_v or_o assistance_n to_o a_o enemy_n for_o beside_o this_o particular_a we_o may_v read_v in_o the_o four_o commentary_n that_o the_o chief_a cause_n that_o move_v he_o to_o take_v the_o voyage_n into_o britain_n be_v for_o that_o the_o britan_n have_v underhand_n give_v succour_n and_o assistance_n to_o the_o gall_n a_o matter_n not_o to_o be_v neglect_v in_o his_o judgement_n whether_o it_o be_v in_o regard_n of_o any_o friendship_n or_o good_a respect_n which_o they_o bear_v unto_o the_o gall_n or_o otherwise_o to_o keep_v the_o roman_n occupy_v there_o that_o they_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n may_v live_v quiet_o at_o home_n which_o i_o need_v not_o here_o dispute_v but_o the_o matter_n prove_v itself_o plain_o by_o caesar_n own_o confession_n that_o the_o continual_a supply_n send_v from_o britain_n be_v a_o sufficient_a cause_n to_o move_v he_o to_o that_o war_n and_o as_o it_o follow_v in_o this_o commentary_n concern_v the_o self_n same_o matter_n the_o only_a cause_n that_o draw_v he_o to_o pass_v the_o rhine_n the_o second_o time_n into_o germany_n be_v the_o succour_n which_o the_o german_n have_v former_o send_v to_o the_o treviri_n according_a to_o reason_n in_o case_n of_o other_o nature_n that_o he_o that_o will_v extinguish_v a_o lamp_n must_v not_o suffer_v a_o addition_n of_o oil_n nor_o admit_v the_o influence_n of_o lesser_a stream_n when_o he_o go_v about_o to_o dry_v up_o the_o great_a river_n but_o that_o which_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o this_o business_n and_o may_v have_v challenge_v the_o first_o place_n in_o this_o discourse_n be_v for_o that_o caesar_n be_v almost_o assure_v that_o ambiorâ—x_n will_v not_o be_v bring_v to_o a_o trial_n of_o battle_n and_o therefore_o he_o labour_v to_o understand_v his_o other_o project_n from_o whence_o a_o commander_n may_v receive_v direction_n what_o course_n to_o hold_v in_o a_o refusal_n of_o open_a encounter_n for_o as_o the_o art_n and_o sleight_n of_o war_n be_v to_o subdue_v a_o enemy_n so_o be_v there_o more_o way_n and_o mean_n to_o effect_v that_o purpose_n then_o by_o wage_n battle_n as_o i_o have_v discourse_v at_o large_a in_o the_o three_o commentary_n 10._o whereunto_o i_o may_v add_v thus_o much_o which_o be_v general_o observe_v in_o the_o carriage_n of_o great_a and_o eminent_a commander_n that_o such_o as_o fail_v in_o matter_n of_o negotiation_n and_o want_v dexterity_n in_o manage_v the_o course_n of_o their_o business_n notwithstanding_o any_o fortune_n or_o singularity_n in_o strike_v a_o battle_n do_v never_o attain_v to_o firm_a and_o permanent_a honour_n if_o any_o man_n be_v desirous_a to_o descend_v into_o particular_n
which_o be_v stir_v up_o by_o a_o eagerness_n to_o fight_v this_o a_o general_n shall_v not_o crush_v but_o cherish_v so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o without_o cause_n that_o in_o old_a time_n they_o have_v a_o custom_n that_o the_o whole_a army_n shall_v make_v a_o noise_n and_o raise_v a_o general_a shout_n whereby_o they_o suppose_v as_o the_o enemy_n be_v affright_v so_o their_o own_o man_n be_v encourage_v two_o contrary_a effect_n proceed_v from_o a_o cause_n which_o to_o common_a sense_n carry_v no_o show_n of_o any_o such_o efficacy_n vox_fw-la &_o praeterea_fw-la nihil_fw-la a_o bare_a voice_n and_o nothing_o more_o as_o one_o say_v of_o the_o nightingale_n in_o another_o sense_n but_o such_o as_o do_v serious_o look_v into_o the_o reason_n thereof_o shall_v find_v the_o say_n true_a which_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o elder_n and_o wise_a cato_n verba_fw-la plus_fw-la quam_fw-la gladium_fw-la &_o voces_fw-la quam_fw-la manum_fw-la host_n territare_fw-la &_o in_o fugam_fw-la vertere_fw-la word_n will_v do_v more_o than_o sword_n and_o voice_n soon_o than_o hand_n may_v affright_v the_o enemy_n and_o put_v he_o to_o flight_n 1._o the_o ear_n as_o i_o have_v already_o note_v will_v soon_o betray_v the_o soul_n to_o the_o distress_n of_o fear_n than_o any_o other_o of_o the_o five_o sense_n 18._o which_o josephus_n well_o understand_v although_o peradventure_o he_o apply_v not_o so_o fit_a a_o remedy_n when_o he_o command_v his_o man_n to_o stop_v their_o ear_n at_o the_o acclamation_n of_o the_o roman_a legion_n lest_o they_o may_v be_v daunt_v and_o amaze_v thereat_o the_o reason_n may_v be_v for_o that_o our_o discourse_n diligent_o attend_v upon_o a_o matter_n of_o that_o consequence_n which_o call_v the_o life_n of_o both_o party_n in_o question_n and_o value_v every_o circumstance_n at_o the_o utmost_a do_v always_o presuppose_v a_o cause_n answerable_a to_o such_o a_o effect_n of_o joy_n and_o assurance_n for_o these_o shout_n and_o acclamation_n be_v proper_o the_o consequent_n of_o joy_n and_o be_v so_o available_a that_o they_o deceive_v both_o party_n for_o such_o as_o take_v up_o the_o shout_n by_o way_n of_o anticipation_n do_v seem_v to_o conclude_v of_o that_o which_o be_v yet_o in_o question_n and_o the_o enemy_n thereupon_o apprehend_v danger_n when_o there_o be_v none_o at_o all_o whereby_o it_o happen_v host_n terreri_fw-la &_o suos_fw-la incitari_fw-la that_o the_o enemy_n be_v affright_v and_o our_o own_o man_n encourage_v as_o caesar_n note_v beside_o these_o example_n i_o may_v allege_v the_o authority_n of_o holy_a writ_n but_o that_o it_o may_v seem_v both_o unsavoury_a and_o unseasonable_a to_o make_v a_o commixture_n of_o such_o diversity_n i_o will_v therefore_o content_v myself_o with_o a_o practice_n of_o our_o time_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o newport_n where_o after_o divers_a retreat_n and_o pursuit_n either_o side_n chase_v the_o other_o as_o it_o be_v by_o turn_n and_o mutual_a appointment_n and_o as_o it_o often_o fall_v out_o in_o such_o confrontment_n at_o last_o commandment_n be_v give_v to_o the_o english_a to_o make_v head_n again_o and_o after_o some_o pause_n to_o charge_v the_o enemy_n with_o a_o shout_n which_o be_v according_o perform_v a_o man_n may_v have_v see_v the_o enemy_n startle_v before_o they_o come_v to_o the_o stroke_n and_o be_v charge_v home_o be_v so_o rout_v that_o they_o make_v not_o head_n again_o that_o day_n for_o the_o prevention_n of_o such_o a_o disadvantage_n there_o can_v be_v no_o better_a precedent_n then_o that_o which_o plutarch_n note_v life_n touch_v the_o battle_n between_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o ambron_n a_o part_n of_o that_o deluge_n of_o people_n which_o come_v down_o into_o italy_n with_o the_o cimbri_n and_o teutones_n for_o these_o ambron_n come_v out_o to_o give_v battle_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v strike_v fear_n into_o the_o roman_n make_v a_o often_o repetition_n of_o their_o own_o name_n with_o a_o loud_a sound_a voice_n ambron_n ambron_n ambron_n the_o italian_n on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o first_o come_v down_o to_o fight_n be_v the_o ligurian_n inhabit_v the_o coast_n of_o genoa_n who_o hear_v this_o noise_n and_o plain_o understand_v they_o make_v answer_v with_o the_o like_a cry_n sound_v out_o their_o own_o name_n ligurii_n ligurii_n ligurii_n whereupon_o the_o captain_n of_o both_o side_n make_v their_o soldier_n cry_v out_o altogether_o contend_v for_o envy_v one_o against_o another_o who_o shall_v cry_v it_o loud_a and_o so_o both_o side_n be_v encourage_v and_o neither_o of_o they_o disadvantage_v clamoro_fw-la utrinque_fw-la sublato_fw-la whilst_o both_o side_n continue_v the_o cry_n the_o three_o observation_n this_o labienus_n be_v a_o great_a soldier_n and_o well_o acquaint_v with_o caesar_n manner_n in_o lead_v a_o army_n and_o make_v many_o good_a fight_n while_o he_o continue_v under_o his_o command_n but_o after_o he_o betake_v himself_o to_o pompey_n part_n and_o join_v with_o a_o faction_n against_o his_o first_o master_n he_o never_o achieve_v any_o thing_n but_o loss_n and_o dishonour_n dux_n fortis_fw-la in_o armis_fw-la caesareis_n labienus_n erat_fw-la nunc_fw-la transfuga_fw-la vilis_fw-la once_o labienus_n be_v a_o captain_n stout_a on_o caesar_n side_n now_o a_o base_a turn-about_a and_o upon_o that_o occasion_n he_o be_v often_o mention_v as_o a_o memorial_n of_o his_o disloyalty_n to_o prove_v that_o good_a success_n in_o matter_n of_o war_n do_v follow_v the_o general_n rather_o than_o any_o inferior_a captain_n for_o it_o be_v observe_v of_o divers_a who_o fortune_n have_v be_v great_a under_o the_o conduction_n of_o some_o commander_n and_o as_o unlucky_a under_o other_o leader_n like_o plant_n or_o tree_n that_o thrive_v well_o in_o some_o ground_n and_o bear_v store_n of_o fruit_n but_o be_v transplant_v do_v either_o die_v or_o become_v barren_a and_o doubtless_o there_o may_v be_v observe_v the_o like_a sympathy_n or_o contrariety_n in_o the_o particular_a course_n of_o man_n life_n wherein_o they_o be_v carry_v upon_o the_o stream_n of_o their_o fortune_n according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o their_o first_o embarking_a and_o therefore_o such_o as_o happen_v in_o a_o way_n that_o lead_v to_o successful_a end_n shall_v much_o wrong_v themselves_o either_o to_o turn_v back_o again_o or_o to_o seek_v by-path_n who_o end_n be_v both_o unknown_a and_o uncertain_a and_o herein_o the_o french_a saying_n may_v serve_v to_o some_o purpose_n si_fw-mi vous_fw-fr estes_fw-fr bien_fw-fr tenez_fw-fr vous_fw-fr la_fw-fr if_o you_o find_v yourself_o well_o hold_v yourself_o there_o chap._n vi_o caesar_n carry_v his_o army_n over_o the_o rhine_n into_o germany_n caesar_n caesar_n be_v come_v from_o the_o menapii_n to_o the_o treviri_n do_v resolve_v to_o pass_v the_o rhine_n for_o two_o cause_n the_o one_o be_v for_o that_o the_o german_n have_v send_v succour_n and_o supply_n to_o the_o treviri_n the_o other_o that_o ambiorix_n may_v have_v no_o reception_n or_o entertainment_n among_o they_o upon_o this_o resolution_n a_o little_a above_o that_o place_n where_o he_o carry_v his_o army_n over_o before_o he_o command_v a_o bridge_n to_o be_v make_v after_o the_o know_v and_o appoint_a fashion_n which_o by_o the_o great_a industry_n of_o the_o soldier_n be_v end_v in_o a_o few_o day_n and_o leave_v a_o sufficient_a strength_n at_o the_o bridge_n lest_o any_o sudden_a motion_n shall_v rise_v among_o the_o treviri_n he_o carry_v over_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o force_n both_o horse_n and_o foot_n the_o ubii_n which_o before_o time_n have_v give_v hostage_n and_o be_v take_v into_o obedienâ—â—_n send_v ambassador_n unto_o he_o to_o clear_v themselves_o from_o imputation_n of_o disloyalty_n and_o that_o the_o treviri_n have_v receive_v no_o supply_n from_o their_o state_n they_o pray_v and_o desire_v he_o to_o spare_v they_o lest_o the_o general_a distaste_n of_o the_o german_n shall_v cause_v he_o to_o punish_v the_o innocent_a for_o the_o guilty_a and_o if_o he_o will_v ask_v more_o hostage_n they_o will_v willing_o give_v they_o caesar_n upon_o examination_n of_o the_o matter_n find_v that_o the_o supply_n be_v send_v by_o the_o suevi_n and_o thereupon_o he_o accept_v the_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o ubii_n and_o inquire_v the_o way_n and_o the_o passage_n to_o the_o suevi_n some_o few_o day_n after_o he_o understand_v by_o the_o ubii_n that_o the_o suevi_n have_v bring_v all_o their_o force_n to_o one_o place_n and_o have_v command_v such_o nation_n as_o be_v under_o their_o dominion_n that_o they_o shall_v send_v they_o force_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n upon_o this_o intelligence_n he_o make_v provision_n of_o corn_n &_o choose_v a_o sit_v place_n to_o encamp_v in_o he_o command_v the_o ubii_n to_o take_v their_o cattle_n and_o all_o their_o other_o good_n from_o abroad_o out_o of_o the_o field_n into_o their_o town_n hope_v that_o the_o barbarous_a and_o unskilful_a man_n
any_o respect_n or_o honour_n that_o do_v belong_v unto_o they_o over_o all_o the_o druid_n there_o be_v one_o primate_n that_o have_v authority_n of_o the_o rest_n at_o his_o decease_n if_o any_o one_o do_v excel_v the_o rest_n in_o dignity_n he_o succee_v if_o many_o equal_n be_v find_v they_o go_v to_o election_n and_o sometime_o they_o contend_v about_o the_o primacy_n with_o force_n and_o arm_n they_o meet_v at_o a_o certain_a time_n of_o the_o year_n in_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o carnutes_n which_o be_v the_o middle_a part_n of_o all_o gallia_n and_o there_o they_o sit_v in_o a_o sacred_a place_n thither_o they_o resort_v from_o all_o part_n that_o have_v controversy_n and_o do_v obey_v their_o order_n and_o judgement_n england_n the_o art_n and_o learning_n of_o the_o druid_n be_v first_o find_v out_o in_o brittany_n and_o from_o thence_o be_v think_v to_o be_v bring_v into_o gallia_n and_o at_o this_o time_n such_o as_o will_v attain_v to_o the_o perfect_a knowledge_n of_o that_o discipline_n do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n travel_v thither_o to_o learn_v it_o the_o druid_n be_v exempt_a from_o warfare_n and_o payment_n and_o have_v a_o immunity_n from_o all_o other_o duty_n whereby_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o many_o do_v be_v take_v themselves_o to_o that_o profession_n of_o their_o own_o free_a will_n and_o divers_a other_o be_v send_v to_o that_o school_n by_o their_o parent_n and_o friend_n they_o be_v say_v to_o learn_v many_o verse_n and_o that_o some_o do_v study_v therein_o twenty_o year_n neither_o be_v it_o lawful_a for_o they_o to_o commit_v any_o thing_n to_o writing_n beside_o that_o in_o other_o public_a and_o private_a business_n they_o only_o use_v the_o greek_a tongue_n and_o that_o as_o i_o take_v it_o for_o two_o cause_n first_o for_o that_o their_o learning_n may_v not_o become_v common_a and_o vulgar_a second_o that_o scholar_n may_v not_o trust_v so_o much_o to_o their_o write_n as_o to_o their_o memory_n as_o it_o happen_v for_o the_o most_o part_n that_o man_n rely_v upon_o the_o trust_n of_o book_n and_o paper_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n omit_v the_o benefit_n of_o good_a remembrance_n they_o endeavour_v chief_o to_o teach_v man_n that_o their_o soul_n do_v not_o die_v but_o that_o they_o do_v remove_v out_o of_o one_o body_n into_o another_o after_o death_n and_o this_o they_o think_v to_o be_v very_o important_a to_o stir_v man_n up_o to_o virtue_n neglect_v the_o fear_n of_o death_n they_o dispute_v further_o and_o give_v many_o tradition_n to_o the_o youth_n touch_v the_o star_n and_o their_o motion_n the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o world_n the_o nature_n of_o thing_n and_o the_o might_n and_o power_n of_o the_o go_n observation_n the_o quality_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o druid_n be_v in_o this_o place_n very_o particular_o describe_v by_o caesar_n druid_n and_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o these_o head_n first_o their_o office_n extend_v both_o to_o thing_n divine_a and_o thing_n temporal_a whereby_o they_o execute_v the_o place_n both_o of_o priest_n and_o of_o judge_n and_o for_o that_o purpose_n there_o be_v one_o know_v place_n appoint_v where_o they_o sit_v in_o judgement_n and_o as_o i_o understand_v it_o there_o be_v but_o one_o term_n in_o the_o year_n which_o both_o begin_v and_o end_v their_o suit_n in_o law_n the_o second_o thing_n be_v their_o authority_n have_v power_n to_o reward_v virtue_n and_o to_o punish_v vice_n three_o their_o privilege_n and_o immunity_n be_v free_a from_o contribution_n from_o warfare_n and_o all_o other_o burden_n of_o the_o state_n four_o their_o doctrine_n and_o learning_n which_o be_v partly_o theological_a concern_v the_o might_n and_o power_n of_o the_o god_n the_o immortality_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o partly_o philosophical_a touch_v the_o star_n and_o their_o motion_n the_o earth_n and_o the_o magnitude_n thereof_o and_o last_o their_o manner_n of_o learning_n which_o be_v altogether_o pythagorical_a refuse_v the_o help_n of_o letter_n and_o book_n and_o commit_v their_o doctrine_n to_o the_o tradition_n of_o their_o elder_n but_o that_o which_o be_v special_o to_o be_v observe_v england_n be_v that_o this_o learning_n be_v not_o only_o find_v out_o here_o in_o brittany_n but_o such_o as_o will_v perfect_o attain_v to_o the_o knowledge_n thereof_o come_v into_o england_n to_o study_v the_o same_o contrary_a to_o the_o experience_n which_o heretofore_o have_v be_v observe_v of_o the_o northern_a and_o southern_a part_n of_o the_o world_n for_o as_o the_o south_n give_v a_o temper_n to_o the_o body_n fit_a for_o the_o science_n and_o contemplation_n of_o art_n whereby_o the_o mind_n be_v enlarge_v and_o purify_v in_o her_o faculty_n do_v dive_v into_o the_o secret_a depth_n of_o all_o learning_n and_o censure_v the_o hide_a mystery_n thereof_o so_o the_o northern_a climate_n do_v bind_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o restrain_v all_o her_o virtue_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o body_n whereby_o they_o be_v say_v to_o have_v animam_fw-la in_o digitis_fw-la work_n their_o soul_n in_o their_o finger_n not_o afford_v she_o that_o delight_n and_o contentment_n which_o be_v usual_o receive_v by_o speculation_n and_o thence_o it_o happen_v that_o all_o speculative_a art_n and_o science_n and_o what_o else_o soever_o concern_v the_o inward_a contemplation_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v find_v out_o and_o perfect_v by_o such_o as_o border_v upon_o the_o south_n and_o from_o they_o it_o be_v bring_v by_o little_a and_o little_a into_o the_o northern_a region_n and_o such_o as_o will_v be_v master_n in_o the_o art_n they_o profess_v go_v always_o southward_o for_o the_o attain_n thereof_o but_o here_o the_o south_n be_v behold_v to_o the_o north_n as_o well_o for_o their_o principle_n of_o divinity_n as_o for_o their_o philosophy_n and_o moral_a learning_n be_v as_o pure_a as_o that_o which_o any_o heathen_a people_n ever_o drink_v of_o which_o prove_v a_o ancient_a singularity_n in_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o island_n touch_v the_o study_n of_o art_n and_o matter_n of_o learning_n and_o may_v with_o like_a evidence_n be_v prove_v from_o age_n to_o age_n even_o to_o this_o time_n in_o witness_v whereof_o i_o appeal_v to_o the_o two_o university_n of_o this_o land_n cambridge_n as_o a_o demonstration_n of_o the_o love_n which_o our_o nation_n have_v ever_o bear_v to_o learning_n be_v two_o such_o magazine_n of_o art_n and_o science_n so_o beautify_v with_o curious_a building_n and_o supply_v with_o endowment_n for_o the_o liberal_a maintenance_n of_o the_o muse_n enrich_v with_o library_n of_o learned_a work_n adorn_v with_o pleasant_a place_n for_o the_o refresh_n of_o weary_a spirit_n garden_n grove_n walk_n river_n and_o arboret_n as_o the_o like_o such_o athens_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o world_n chap._n ix_o the_o second_o sort_n of_o man_n in_o gallia_n call_v the_o equites_fw-la in_o caesar_n time_n the_o other_o sort_n of_o people_n be_v equites_fw-la or_o gentleman_n caesar_n these_o when_o there_o be_v occasion_n or_o when_o any_o war_n happen_v as_o before_o caesar_n his_o come_n be_v usual_a every_o year_n that_o either_o they_o do_v offer_v injury_n or_o resist_v injury_n be_v always_o party_n therein_o and_o as_o every_o man_n excel_v other_o in_o birth_n or_o wealth_n so_o be_v he_o attend_v with_o client_n and_o follower_n and_o this_o they_o take_v to_o be_v the_o only_a note_n of_o nobility_n and_o greatness_n the_o whole_a nation_n of_o the_o gall_n be_v much_o addict_v to_o religion_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n such_o as_o be_v either_o grievous_o disease_v or_o conversant_a continual_o in_o the_o danger_n of_o war_n do_v either_o sacrifice_v man_n for_o a_o oblation_n or_o vow_v the_o oblation_n of_o themselves_o use_v in_o such_o sacrifice_n the_o ministry_n of_o the_o druid_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v persuade_v that_o the_o immortal_a deity_n can_v be_v please_v but_o by_o gâ—ving_v the_o life_n of_o one_o man_n for_o the_o life_n of_o another_o and_o to_o that_o purpose_n they_o have_v public_a sacrifice_n appoint_v other_o have_v image_n of_o a_o monstrous_a magnitude_n who_o limb_n and_o part_n be_v make_v of_o osier_n be_v fill_v with_o live_a man_n and_o be_v set_v one_o fire_n the_o man_n be_v burn_v to_o death_n the_o execution_n of_o such_o as_o be_v take_v in_o theft_n or_o robbery_n or_o any_o other_o crime_n they_o think_v to_o be_v best_a please_v to_o the_o god_n but_o want_v such_o they_o spare_v not_o the_o innocent_a they_o worship_v chief_o the_o god_n mercury_n and_o have_v many_o of_o his_o image_n among_o they_o he_o they_o adore_v as_o the_o inventor_n of_o all_o art_n the_o conductor_n and_o guide_n in_o all_o voyage_n and_o journey_n and_o they_o think_v he_o to_o have_v great_a power_n in_o all_o
station_n forasmuch_o as_o no_o place_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o least_o casualty_n and_o there_o he_o see_v how_o much_o fortune_n be_v able_a to_o do_v by_o the_o sudden_a come_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o how_o much_o more_o in_o that_o he_o be_v put_v off_o from_o the_o rampire_n and_o the_o gate_n which_o he_o have_v so_o near_o take_v but_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n this_o seem_v the_o strange_a that_o the_o german_n come_v over_o the_o rhine_n to_o depopulate_v and_o spoil_v ambiorix_n and_o his_o country_n have_v like_a to_o have_v take_v the_o roman_a camp_n which_o will_v have_v be_v as_o acceptable_a to_o ambiorix_n as_o any_o thing_n that_o can_v happen_v observation_n it_o be_v a_o old_a say_n fortune_n avouch_v by_o plutarch_n fortuna_fw-la id_fw-la unum_fw-la hominibus_fw-la non_fw-la aufert_fw-la quod_fw-la bene_fw-la fuerit_fw-la consultum_fw-la what_o a_o man_n have_v once_o well_o advise_v that_o and_o only_o that_o fortune_n can_v never_o despoil_v he_o of_o which_o tiberius_n the_o roman_a emperor_n well_o understand_v of_o who_o suetonius_n report_v quod_fw-la minimum_fw-la fortunae_fw-la casibusque_fw-la permittebat_fw-la that_o he_o trust_v very_o little_a to_o fortune_n or_o casualty_n and_o be_v the_o same_o which_o caesar_n counsel_v in_o this_o place_n ne_fw-la minimus_fw-la quidem_fw-la casui_fw-la locum_fw-la relinqui_fw-la debuisse_fw-la that_o no_o place_n be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o least_o casualty_n it_o be_v a_o hard_a condition_n to_o expose_v a_o naked_a party_n to_o the_o malice_n of_o a_o enemy_n or_o to_o disadvantage_n he_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o sight_n a_o army_n without_o a_o guard_n at_o any_o time_n be_v mere_o naked_a and_o more_o subject_a to_o slaughter_n than_o those_o that_o never_o take_v arm_n and_o the_o rather_o where_o the_o watch_n be_v want_v for_o there_o sudden_a chance_n can_v hardly_o be_v prevent_v and_o if_o they_o happen_v to_o avoid_v any_o such_o unexpected_a casualty_n they_o have_v great_a cause_n to_o thank_v fortune_n for_o her_o favour_n then_o to_o be_v angry_a with_o she_o for_o her_o malice_n for_o prevention_n at_o such_o time_n be_v out_o of_o the_o way_n and_o they_o be_v whole_o at_o her_o mercy_n as_o caesar_n have_v right_o deliver_v touch_v this_o accident_n and_o therefore_o whether_o a_o army_n march_v forward_o or_o continue_v in_o a_o place_n sleep_n or_o wake_v play_v or_o work_v go_v in_o hazard_n or_o rest_v secure_a let_v not_o so_o great_a a_o body_n be_v at_o any_o time_n without_o a_o competent_a strength_n to_o answer_v the_o spite_n of_o such_o misadventure_n chap._n xviii_o caesar_n return_v to_o spoil_v the_o enemy_n and_o punish_v acco_n caesar_n return_v again_o to_o trouble_v and_o vex_v the_o enemy_n caesar_n have_v call_v a_o great_a number_n of_o people_n from_o the_o border_a city_n he_o send_v they_o out_o into_o all_o part_n all_o the_o village_n and_o house_n which_o be_v any_o where_o to_o be_v see_v be_v burn_v to_o the_o ground_n pillage_n and_o booty_n be_v take_v in_o every_o place_n the_o corn_n be_v not_o only_o consume_v by_o so_o great_a a_o multitude_n of_o man_n and_o cattle_n but_o beat_v down_o also_o by_o the_o unseasenableness_n of_o the_o year_n and_o continual_a rain_n insomuch_o that_o albeit_o divers_a do_v hide_v themselves_o for_o the_o present_a yet_o the_o army_n be_v withdraw_v they_o must_v necessary_o perish_v through_o want_n and_o scarcity_n and_o oftentimes_o they_o happen_v of_o the_o place_n the_o horseman_n be_v divide_v into_o many_o quarter_n where_o they_o do_v not_o only_o see_v ambiorix_n but_o keep_v he_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o sight_n and_o in_o hope_v still_o to_o take_v he_o some_o that_o think_v to_o demerit_n caesar_n high_a favour_n take_v such_o infinite_a pain_n as_o be_v almost_o beyond_o the_o power_n of_o nature_n and_o ever_o there_o seem_v but_o a_o little_a between_o they_o and_o the_o thing_n they_o most_o desire_v but_o he_o convey_v himself_o away_o through_o den_n and_o wood_n and_o dale_n and_o in_o the_o night_n time_n seek_v other_o country_n and_o quarter_n with_o no_o great_a a_o guard_n of_o horse_n than_o four_o to_o who_o only_o he_o dare_v commit_v the_o safety_n of_o his_o life_n the_o country_n be_v in_o this_o manner_n harry_v and_o depopulate_v caesar_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o two_o cohort_n bring_v back_o his_o army_n to_o durocortorum_n in_o the_o state_n of_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n where_o a_o parliament_n be_v summon_v he_o determine_v to_o call_v in_o question_n the_o conspiracy_n of_o the_o senones_n and_o carnutes_n and_o especial_o acco_n the_o principal_a author_n of_o that_o council_n who_o be_v condemn_v be_v put_v to_o death_n more_fw-it majorum_fw-la some_o other_o fear_v the_o like_a judgement_n save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n these_o he_o interdict_a fire_n and_o water_n so_o leave_v two_o legion_n to_o winter_n in_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o treviri_n and_o two_o other_o among_o the_o lingones_n and_o the_o other_o six_o at_o agendicum_n in_o the_o border_n of_o the_o senones_n have_v make_v provision_n of_o corn_n for_o the_o army_n he_o go_v into_o italy_n ad_fw-la conventus_fw-la agendos_fw-la observation_n the_o conclusion_n of_o this_o summer_n work_n be_v shut_v up_o with_o the_o sack_n and_o depopulation_n of_o the_o eburones_n as_o the_o extremity_n of_o hostile_a fury_n when_o the_o enemy_n lie_v in_o the_o fastness_n of_o the_o country_n and_o refuse_v to_o make_v open_a war_n that_o be_v do_v caesar_n proceed_v in_o a_o course_n of_o civil_a judgement_n with_o such_o principal_a offender_n as_o be_v of_o the_o conspiracy_n and_o namely_o with_o acco_n who_o he_o punish_v in_o such_o manner_n as_o the_o old_a roman_n be_v accustom_v to_o do_v with_o such_o offender_n as_o have_v forfeit_v their_o loyalty_n to_o their_o country_n a_o kind_n of_o death_n which_o nero_n know_v not_o although_o he_o have_v be_v emperor_n of_o rome_n thirteen_o year_n and_o put_v to_o death_n many_o thousand_o people_n the_o party_n condemn_v be_v to_o have_v his_o neck_n lock_v in_o a_o fork_n and_o to_o be_v whip_v naked_a to_o death_n and_o he_o that_o be_v put_v to_o death_n after_o that_o manner_n be_v punish_v more_o majorum_fw-la such_o other_o as_o fear_v to_o undergo_v the_o judgement_n and_o flee_v before_o they_o come_v to_o trial_n be_v banish_v out_o of_o the_o country_n and_o make_v uncapable_a of_o the_o benefit_n of_o fire_n and_o water_n in_o that_o empire_n and_o thus_o end_v the_o six_o commentary_n the_o seven_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n the_o argument_n this_o last_o commentary_n contain_v the_o specialty_n of_o the_o war_n which_o caesar_n make_v against_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n unite_v into_o one_o confederacy_n for_o the_o expelling_a of_o the_o roman_a government_n out_o of_o that_o continent_n who_o caesar_n overthrow_v in_o the_o end_n horribili_fw-la vigilantia_fw-la &_o prodigiosis_fw-la operibus_fw-la by_o his_o horrible_a vigilancy_n and_o prodigious_a action_n chap._n i._n the_o gall_n enter_v into_o new_a deliberation_n of_o revolt_n gallia_n be_v in_o quiet_a 〈◊〉_d caesar_n according_a to_o his_o determination_n go_v into_o italy_n to_o keep_v court_n and_o session_n there_o he_o under_o stand_v that_o p._n clodius_n be_v slay_v and_o of_o a_o decree_n which_o the_o senate_n have_v make_v touch_v the_o assembly_n of_o all_o the_o youth_n of_o italy_n and_o thereupon_o he_o purpose_v to_o enroll_v new_a band_n throughout_o the_o whole_a province_n these_o news_n be_v quick_o carry_v over_o the_o alps_n into_o gallia_n &_o the_o gall_n themselves_o add_v such_o rumour_n to_o it_o as_o the_o matter_n seem_v well_o to_o to_o bear_v that_o caesar_n be_v now_o detain_v by_o the_o trouble_n at_o rome_n and_o in_o such_o dissension_n can_v not_o return_v to_o his_o army_n be_v stir_v up_o by_o this_o occasion_n such_o as_o before_o be_v inward_o grieve_v that_o they_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n do_v now_o more_o free_o and_o bold_o enter_v into_o the_o consideration_n of_o war_n the_o prince_n and_o chief_a man_n of_o gallia_n have_v appoint_v counsel_n and_o meeting_n in_o remote_a and_o woody_a place_n complain_v of_o the_o death_n of_o acco_n and_o show_v it_o to_o be_v a_o fortune_n which_o may_v concern_v themselves_o they_o pity_v the_o common_a misery_n of_o gallia_n and_o do_v propound_v all_o manner_n of_o promise_n and_o reward_n to_o such_o as_o will_v begin_v the_o war_n and_o with_o the_o danger_n of_o their_o life_n redeem_v the_o liberty_n of_o their_o country_n where_o in_o they_o be_v to_o be_v very_o careful_a not_o to_o foreslow_v any_o time_n to_o the_o end_n that_o caesar_n may_v be_v stop_v from_o come_v to_o his_o army_n before_o their_o secret_a conference_n be_v discover_v which_o may_v easy_o
general_n have_v authority_n to_o call_v out_o such_o other_o be_v either_o of_o the_o communality_n or_o the_o equites_fw-la as_o for_o their_o long_a service_n be_v free_v by_o the_o law_n from_o give_v in_o their_o name_n at_o a_o muster_n and_o these_o they_o call_v evocati_fw-la as_o a_o man_n will_v say_v call_v out_o be_v all_o man_n of_o special_a note_n and_o service_n and_o such_o as_o be_v able_a to_o give_v sound_a advice_n for_o matter_n of_o war_n these_o evocati_fw-la go_v all_o for_o the_o most_o part_n under_o a_o ensign_n and_o be_v lodge_v together_o in_o the_o camp_n behind_o the_o pavilion_n of_o the_o general_n near_o unto_o the_o gate_n which_o they_o call_v porta_n praetoria_n and_o be_v always_o free_a from_o ordinary_a duty_n as_o watch_v encamp_a and_o fight_v unless_o it_o come_v to_o such_o a_o pass_n that_o every_o man_n will_v put_v to_o his_o help_a hand_n but_o in_o all_o service_n they_o have_v their_o place_n appoint_v they_o according_a to_o their_o former_a experience_n and_o worth_n and_o thus_o the_o roman_n strengthen_v their_o army_n with_o the_o wisdom_n and_o experience_n of_o such_o as_o for_o many_o year_n together_o have_v be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o difficulty_n and_o casualty_n of_o war_n and_o oftentimes_o be_v able_a to_o afford_v such_o help_n both_o by_o example_n and_o otherwise_o by_o good_a direction_n as_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o general_n do_v glad_o embrace_v concern_v these_o two_o young_a noble_n eporedorix_n and_o viridomarus_n who_o he_o name_v in_o this_o place_n evocati_fw-la we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o they_o be_v call_v out_o to_o that_o war_n under_o the_o same_o title_n but_o to_o another_o end_n for_o be_v man_n of_o great_a place_n and_o authority_n he_o fear_v least_o in_o his_o absence_n they_o may_v be_v so_o wrought_v to_o favour_n vercingetorix_n as_o neither_o himself_n nor_o the_o hedui_n shall_v have_v any_o cause_n to_o commend_v they_o according_a as_o it_o happen_v to_o litavicus_n chap._n xx._n the_o hedui_n rob_v and_o kill_v divers_a roman_a citizen_n while_o these_o thing_n be_v a_o do_v at_o gergovia_n caesar_n the_o hedui_n have_v receive_v the_o first_o message_n from_o litavicus_n give_v themselves_o no_o time_n to_o understand_v the_o truth_n some_o be_v lead_v on_o by_o covetousness_n other_o by_o anger_n and_o rashness_n as_o it_o be_v natural_o ingraft_v in_o that_o nation_n to_o take_v a_o light_n hear-say_n for_o a_o certain_a truth_n spoil_v the_o roman_a citizen_n of_o their_o good_n and_o slay_v they_o beside_o or_o draw_v they_o into_o bondage_n convictolitanis_n stir_v up_o the_o common_a people_n to_o madness_n that_o when_o they_o have_v do_v some_o wicked_a fact_n they_o may_v be_v ashamed_a to_o be_v good_a again_o they_o draw_v marcus_n aristius_n a_o tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n as_o he_o go_v to_o the_o legion_n out_o of_o the_o town_n cavillonium_fw-la notwithstanding_o their_o faith_n and_o promise_v before_o give_v cause_v the_o rest_n to_o do_v the_o like_a which_o be_v there_o for_o matter_n of_o trade_n these_o they_o set_v upon_o forthwith_o as_o they_o travel_v rob_v they_o of_o their_o carriage_n and_o besiege_v such_o as_o make_v resistance_n day_n and_o night_n many_o be_v slay_v on_o both_o side_n and_o a_o great_a number_n be_v stir_v up_o to_o take_v arm_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n news_n be_v come_v that_o all_o their_o soldier_n be_v under_o caesar_n power_n they_o run_v speedy_o to_o aristius_n they_o tell_v he_o that_o nothing_o be_v do_v by_o public_a authority_n they_o call_v such_o as_o rob_v the_o roman_n of_o their_o good_n to_o answer_v the_o matter_n they_o confiscate_v the_o good_n of_o litavicus_n and_o his_o brethren_n they_o send_v ambassador_n unto_o caesar_n to_o clear_v themselves_o of_o these_o disorder_n and_o this_o they_o do_v for_o the_o better_a recovery_n of_o their_o people_n that_o be_v now_o with_o caesar_n but_o be_v contaminate_v with_o a_o wicked_a fact_n and_o take_v with_o the_o shame_n of_o rob_v the_o roman_a citizen_n many_o of_o they_o be_v touch_v in_o the_o fact_n and_o much_o perplex_v for_o fear_n of_o punishment_n they_o privy_o enter_v into_o consultation_n of_o war_n and_o solicit_v other_o state_n to_o that_o purpose_n by_o their_o ambassador_n which_o although_o caesar_n understand_v yet_o he_o entertain_v they_o as_o courteous_o as_o he_o can_v tell_v they_o that_o for_o the_o ignorance_n and_o levity_n of_o the_o common_a people_n he_o will_v not_o think_v hardly_o of_o the_o state_n nor_o abate_v any_o thing_n of_o his_o good_a will_n and_o favour_n to_o the_o hedui_n observation_n a_o wicked_a act_n be_v not_o only_o hurtful_a in_o itself_o and_o of_o its_o own_o condition_n another_o but_o be_v like_o that_o box_n of_o evil_n which_o the_o poet_n feign_v to_o have_v be_v give_v to_o pandora_n to_o be_v keep_v always_o shut_v for_o when_o the_o way_n be_v once_o make_v and_o the_o gap_n open_v one_o mischief_n draw_v on_o another_o and_o the_o tail_n that_o follow_v be_v more_o viperous_a than_o the_o head_n there_o be_v never_o any_o one_o that_o stain_v himself_o with_o any_o detestable_a crime_n but_o be_v move_v to_o commit_v a_o second_o evil_n that_o have_v relation_n to_o the_o first_o for_o wicked_a deed_n be_v justify_v by_o themselves_o and_o one_o crime_n be_v uphold_v by_o another_o when_o the_o hand_n be_v dip_v in_o blood_n it_o seem_v no_o great_a matter_n to_o imbrue_v the_o arm_n and_o the_o loyalty_n of_o a_o people_n be_v once_o shake_v by_o the_o indirect_a practice_n of_o a_o few_o it_o be_v no_o strange_a matter_n if_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o that_o state_n do_v immediate_o enter_v into_o treasonable_a consultation_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o this_o place_n with_o the_o hedui_n who_o from_o that_o time_n which_o disclose_v the_o treachery_n of_o their_o heart_n carry_v no_o faithful_a regard_n to_o the_o roman_a government_n until_o the_o bitterness_n of_o that_o war_n which_o happen_v short_o after_o have_v make_v they_o know_v their_o error_n it_o shall_v be_v necessary_a therefore_o as_o much_o as_o lie_v in_o the_o possibility_n of_o our_o mean_n to_o keep_v the_o body_n of_o virtue_n safe_a from_o wound_v for_o albeit_o the_o wound_n be_v never_o so_o little_a yet_o it_o be_v always_o wide_a enough_o to_o let_v out_o both_o the_o blood_n and_o the_o spirit_n even_o to_o the_o evacuation_n of_o the_o vital_a breath_n of_o moral_a honesty_n the_o second_o observation_n convictolitanis_n plebem_fw-la ad_fw-la furorem_fw-la impellit_fw-la innovation_n stir_v up_o the_o common_a people_n to_o madness_n say_v the_o story_n as_o the_o sit_v instrument_n to_o trouble_v the_o state_n and_o to_o leaven_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o people_n with_o the_o fury_n of_o madness_n for_o the_o poor_a and_o mean_a people_n that_o have_v no_o interest_n in_o the_o common-weal_n but_o the_o use_n of_o breath_n nor_o any_o other_o substance_n but_o a_o fly_n in_o the_o commons_o be_v always_o dangerous_a to_o the_o peace_n of_o that_o kingdom_n for_o have_v nothing_o to_o lose_v they_o willing_o embrace_v all_o mean_n of_o innovation_n in_o hope_n of_o gain_v something_o by_o other_o man_n ruin_n believe_v altogether_o in_o the_o proverb_n which_o aver_v the_o fish_n to_o be_v good_a which_o be_v in_o trouble_a water_n catiline_n conspire_v against_o the_o roman_a empire_n make_v choice_n of_o such_o to_o accompany_v he_o who_o fortune_n be_v desperate_a and_o thereupon_o sallust_n say_v catiline_n homini_fw-la potentiam_fw-la quaerenti_fw-la egentissimus_fw-la cuique_fw-la opportunissimus_a cuâ—â—neque_fw-la sua_fw-la chara_fw-la quip_n quae_fw-la nulla_fw-la sunt_fw-la &_o omne_fw-la cum_fw-la prâ—tio_fw-la honesta_fw-la videntur_fw-la indigent_a fellow_n be_v the_o fit_a instrument_n for_o ambitious_a man_n who_o regard_v not_o their_o own_o because_o they_o have_v nothing_o esteem_v all_o action_n honest_a that_o they_o gain_v by_o lâ—uâ—e_o write_v that_o upon_o the_o rumour_n in_o greece_n of_o war_n between_o perseus_n and_o the_o roman_n the_o poor_a sort_n do_v put_v themselves_o in_o pay_n under_o perseus_n with_o this_o resolution_n that_o if_o there_o happen_v no_o alteration_n upon_o this_o occasion_n they_o will_v then_o cleave_v to_o the_o roman_n and_o assist_v they_o to_o put_v the_o state_n of_o greece_n into_o a_o garboil_n semper_fw-la in_o civitate_fw-la say_v sallust_n quibus_fw-la opes_fw-la nullae_fw-la sunt_fw-la bonis_fw-la inuident_fw-la malos_fw-la extollunt_fw-la vetera_fw-la odere_fw-la nova_fw-la exoptant_fw-la odio_fw-la suarum_fw-la rerum_fw-la mutari_fw-la omne_fw-la student_fw-la there_o be_v these_o two_o mean_n leave_v for_o a_o state_n to_o ease_v itself_o of_o this_o sort_n of_o people_n either_o to_o employ_v they_o abroad_o in_o war_n or_o to_o interest_n they_o in_o the_o quiet_a of_o the_o commonweal_n by_o learn_v they_o such_o trade_n and_o occupation_n as_o may_v give_v they_o a_o taste_n
tend_v to_o the_o weaken_n of_o that_o authority_n which_o prefer_v they_o in_o dignity_n before_o all_o other_o state_n of_o that_o continent_n and_o be_v as_o a_o remora_n to_o divers_a other_o nation_n of_o gallia_n from_o show_v that_o defection_n by_o plain_a and_o open_a revolt_n which_o they_o have_v so_o long_o before_o conceive_v in_o their_o mind_n but_o when_o it_o appear_v notwithstanding_o any_o precedent_a benefit_n or_o the_o merit_n of_o imperial_a favour_n that_o the_o hedui_n do_v affect_v the_o common_a cause_n of_o their_o country_n liberty_n and_o be_v content_a to_o engage_v themselves_o therein_o as_o far_o as_o their_o life_n or_o fortune_n can_v any_o way_n be_v value_v it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o that_o such_o other_o commonweal_n as_o before_o that_o time_n have_v remain_v neutral_a and_o have_v less_o cause_n than_o the_o hedui_n to_o keep_v back_o their_o hand_n from_o a_o work_n of_o that_o piety_n will_v apprehend_v the_o matter_n as_o a_o business_n import_v the_o safety_n of_o their_o country_n whereunto_o caesar_n and_o the_o legion_n be_v common_a enemy_n the_o consideration_n whereof_o make_v caesar_n to_o think_v of_o return_v back_o into_o the_o province_n have_v not_o the_o dishonour_n of_o such_o a_o retreat_n and_o the_o desire_n he_o have_v to_o join_v with_o labienus_n hinder_v that_o purpose_n chap._n xxvi_o labienus_n come_v to_o lutetia_n with_o four_o legion_n while_o these_o thing_n be_v do_v by_o caesar_n caesar_n labienus_n have_v leave_v those_o supply_n which_o come_v last_o out_o of_o italy_n at_o agendicum_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o carriage_n go_v himself_o with_o four_o legion_n towards_o lutetia_n a_o town_n of_o the_o parisian_n build_v in_o a_o island_n in_o the_o river_n sequana_n the_o enemy_n understand_v of_o his_o come_n great_a force_n be_v speedy_o bring_v together_o out_o of_o the_o country_n near_o about_o the_o chief_a command_n be_v give_v to_o camulogenus_n of_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o aulerci_n who_o notwithstanding_o his_o great_a age_n be_v call_v to_o that_o honour_n for_o his_o singular_a knowledge_n in_o matter_n of_o war_n he_o find_v it_o to_o be_v a_o continue_a bog_n that_o run_v into_o sequana_n and_o much_o hinder_v all_o that_o place_n do_v stay_v there_o with_o his_o army_n and_o purpose_v to_o hinder_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o roman_n labienus_n do_v first_o endeavour_n to_o drive_v the_o vine_n to_o fill_v up_o the_o bog_n with_o hurdle_n and_o earth_n and_o so_o to_o make_v the_o passage_n firm_a but_o after_o that_o he_o perceive_v it_o to_o be_v very_o hard_a to_o effect_v in_o the_o three_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n he_o go_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n with_o silence_n and_o the_o same_o way_n that_o he_o come_v he_o go_v to_o melodunum_n a_o town_n of_o the_o senones_n situate_v in_o a_o island_n of_o sequana_n as_o lutetia_n be_v and_o have_v surprise_v some_o fifty_o ship_n and_o boat_n and_o man_v they_o with_o soldier_n the_o townsman_n be_v affright_v with_o the_o novelty_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o who_o a_o great_a part_n be_v call_v out_o to_o that_o war_n he_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o town_n without_o any_o resistance_n the_o bridge_n be_v repair_v which_o the_o enemy_n have_v cut_v down_o a_o few_o day_n before_o he_o transport_v over_o the_o army_n and_o go_v down_o along_o the_o river_n towards_o lutetia_n the_o enemy_n have_v notice_n thereof_o by_o such_o we_o escape_v from_o melodunum_n command_v lutetia_n to_o be_v burn_v and_o the_o bridge_n of_o the_o town_n to_o be_v break_v they_o themselves_o for_o sake_z the_o bog_n sit_v down_o upon_o the_o bank_n of_o sequana_n right_o over_o against_o the_o camp_n of_o labienus_n by_o this_o time_n caesar_n departure_n from_o gergovia_n be_v know_v abroad_o with_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o hedui_n and_o rumour_n be_v bring_v of_o a_o secondrising_n and_o motion_n in_o gallia_n it_o be_v certain_o confirm_v that_o the_o gall_n be_v in_o consultation_n that_o caesar_n be_v keep_v back_o both_o by_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o passage_n and_o the_o river_n loire_n and_o for_o want_v of_o corn_n be_v constrain_v to_o return_v into_o the_o province_n the_o bellovaci_n also_o understand_v of_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o hedui_n whereas_o they_o be_v before_o treacherous_a and_o disloyal_a of_o themselves_o do_v now_o begin_v to_o raise_v force_n and_o prepare_v for_o open_a war_n labienus_n upon_o so_o great_a a_o change_n of_o thing_n understand_v that_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o he_o to_o take_v another_o manner_n of_o course_n than_o be_v before_o intend_v for_o now_o he_o think_v not_o of_o make_v any_o conquest_n or_o urge_v the_o enemy_n to_o battle_n but_o to_o bring_v he_o army_n back_o in_o safety_n to_o agendicum_n for_o on_o the_o one_o side_n the_o bellovaci_n stand_v ready_a to_o charge_v he_o be_v a_o people_n that_o have_v the_o name_n for_o deed_n of_o arm_n of_o all_o the_o nation_n in_o gallia_n the_o other_o side_n be_v keep_v by_o camulogenus_n with_o a_o army_n ready_a in_o the_o field_n and_o last_o of_o all_o the_o legion_n be_v keep_v from_o their_o garrison_n and_o their_o carriage_n with_o a_o great_a river_n that_o run_v between_o they_o and_o it_o observation_n the_o great_a alteration_n which_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o hedui_n make_v in_o gallia_n time_n cause_v labienus_n to_o let_v fall_v his_o former_a resolution_n and_o to_o shape_v such_o a_o course_n as_o might_n best_o answer_v the_o extremity_n of_o the_o tempest_n for_o he_o that_o will_v attain_v the_o end_n of_o his_o desire_n or_o make_v peace_n with_o the_o affection_n of_o his_o mind_n must_v not_o think_v at_o all_o time_n to_o carry_v away_o contentment_n with_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o mean_n or_o subdue_v resistance_n with_o force_n of_o arm_n but_o must_v be_v well_o please_v to_o be_v drive_v with_o the_o stream_n until_o he_o meet_v with_o a_o tide_n of_o better_a opportunity_n for_o oftentimes_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o opposition_n of_o resist_a power_n be_v more_o available_a than_o ten_o legion_n command_v by_o caesar_n or_o what_o the_o roman_a empire_n can_v add_v beside_o to_o so_o great_a a_o army_n for_o there_o be_v no_o quantity_n so_o great_a but_o there_o may_v be_v find_v a_o great_a nor_o none_o so_o little_a but_o there_o may_v be_v a_o less_o which_o may_v teach_v a_o man_n neither_o to_o conceit_n himself_o in_o a_o matchless_a singularity_n nor_o to_o despair_v of_o a_o weak_a condition_n and_o this_o be_v that_o which_o be_v so_o often_o recommend_v to_o the_o consideration_n of_o discreet_a governor_n whether_o they_o be_v magistrate_n in_o peace_n or_o commander_n in_o war_n to_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o the_o condition_n of_o time_n and_o to_o carry_v themselves_o answerable_a thereunto_o forasmuch_o as_o fortunate_a and_o happy_a success_n rise_v for_o the_o most_o part_n from_o such_o mean_n as_o have_v respect_n to_o the_o occurrence_n of_o the_o time_n not_o run_v always_o upon_o one_o bias_n nor_o fail_v at_o all_o time_n with_o a_o fore-wind_n but_o sometime_o to_o press_v forward_o and_o sometime_o to_o give_v back_o according_a as_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o time_n shall_v make_v way_n to_o good_a fortune_n fabius_n the_o great_a roman_a think_v it_o no_o scorn_n to_o be_v call_v coward_n fabius_n or_o to_o undergo_v the_o displeasure_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n while_o he_o give_v place_n to_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a and_o refuse_v to_o receive_v a_o three_o overthrow_n and_o thus_o he_o alter_v the_o course_n of_o the_o roman_a warfare_n according_a to_o the_o time_n and_o overthrow_v that_o enemy_n by_o shun_v to_o encounter_v he_o which_o in_o a_o battle_n will_v have_v hazard_v the_o conquest_n of_o rome_n in_o like_a manner_n cn._n sulpitius_n the_o dictator_n do_v imitate_v this_o wisdom_n of_o fabius_n against_o the_o gall_n by_o linger_a out_o the_o war_n nolens_fw-la se_fw-la fortunae_fw-la committere_fw-la adversus_fw-la hostem_fw-la as_o livy_n say_v quem_fw-la tempus_fw-la deteriorem_fw-la indy_n &_o locus_fw-la alienus_fw-la fuceret_fw-la not_o willing_a to_o put_v the_o trial_n to_o fortune_n when_o as_o he_o deal_v with_o a_o enemy_n which_o time_n and_o ignorance_n of_o the_o place_n render_v every_o day_n weak_a and_o weak_a and_o to_o conclude_v this_o point_n caesar_n upon_o the_o loss_n which_o he_o receive_v at_o dyrrachium_fw-la omnem_fw-la sibi_fw-la commutandam_fw-la belli_fw-la rationem_fw-la existimavit_fw-la think_v it_o his_o best_a way_n to_o alter_v the_o whole_a course_n of_o the_o war_n as_o the_o story_n say_v which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o vary_v with_o the_o time_n and_o help_v a_o bad_a fortune_n with_o new_a direction_n chap._n xxvii_o labienus_n pass_v the_o river_n sequana_n and_o fight_v with_o the_o gall_n for_o the_o avoid_n
abhor_v the_o name_n of_o peace_n and_o have_v not_o keep_v the_o law_n either_o of_o treaty_n or_o truce_n for_o they_o have_v cause_v many_o simple_a man_n to_o be_v massacre_v and_o slay_v that_o be_v deceive_v by_o a_o show_n of_o treaty_n and_o therefore_o it_o have_v befall_v they_o as_o it_o happen_v for_o the_o most_o part_n to_o perverse_a and_o arrogant_a person_n to_o seek_v and_o earnest_o to_o desire_v that_o which_o a_o little_a before_o they_o have_v foolish_o contemn_v neither_o will_v he_o take_v the_o advantage_n of_o this_o their_o submission_n or_o of_o any_o other_o opportunity_n of_o time_n either_o to_o augment_v his_o power_n or_o to_o strengthen_v his_o party_n but_o he_o only_o require_v that_o those_o army_n may_v be_v discharge_v which_o for_o many_o year_n together_o have_v be_v maintain_v against_o he_o for_o neither_o be_v those_o six_o legion_n for_o any_o other_o cause_n send_v into_o spain_n nor_o the_o seven_o enrol_v there_o nor_o so_o many_o and_o so_o great_a navy_n prepare_v nor_o such_o experience_a and_o skilful_a commander_n select_v and_o appoint_v for_o none_o of_o these_o need_v to_o keep_v spain_n in_o quiet_a nothing_o hereof_o be_v prepare_v for_o the_o use_n and_o behoof_n of_o the_o province_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o long_a continuance_n of_o peace_n need_v not_o any_o such_o assistance_n all_o these_o thing_n be_v long_o ago_o provide_v in_o a_o readiness_n against_o he_o new_a form_n of_o government_n be_v make_v and_o ordain_v against_o he_o that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o man_n shall_v be_v resident_a at_o the_o gate_n of_o rome_n have_v the_o whole_a superintendency_n and_o direction_n of_o the_o city_n business_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o hold_v two_o warlike_a province_n for_o so_o many_o year_n together_o be_v absent_a from_o both_o of_o they_o against_o he_o and_o for_o his_o ruin_n be_v change_v the_o ancient_a right_n and_o custom_n of_o magistracy_n in_o send_v man_n at_o the_o end_n of_o their_o praetorship_n or_o consulship_n to_o the_o government_n of_o province_n as_o be_v always_o accustom_v but_o in_o lieu_n of_o they_o be_v choose_v some_o that_o be_v allow_v and_o authorise_v by_o a_o few_o against_o he_o the_o prerogative_n of_o age_n do_v nothing_o prevail_v but_o whosoever_o they_o be_v that_o in_o former_a war_n have_v make_v good_a proof_n of_o their_o valour_n be_v now_o call_v out_o to_o command_v army_n to_o he_o only_o be_v deny_v that_o which_o be_v grant_v to_o all_o other_o general_n that_o when_o they_o have_v happy_o bring_v thing_n to_o a_o end_n they_o may_v dismiss_v their_o army_n and_o return_v home_o with_o honour_n or_o at_o the_o least_o without_o dishonour_n all_o which_o thing_n he_o notwithstanding_o both_o have_v and_o will_v suffer_v patient_o neither_o do_v he_o now_o go_v about_o to_o take_v their_o army_n from_o they_o and_o retain_v they_o in_o pay_n for_o himself_o which_o he_o may_v easy_o do_v but_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o have_v mean_n to_o make_v head_n against_o he_o and_o therefore_o as_o it_o be_v say_v before_o they_o shall_v go_v out_o of_o the_o province_n and_o discharge_v their_o army_n if_o they_o do_v so_o he_o will_v hurt_v no_o man_n but_o that_o be_v the_o only_a and_o last_o mean_n of_o peace_n observation_n there_o be_v not_o any_o one_o virtue_n that_o can_v challenge_v a_o great_a measure_n of_o honour_n or_o have_v more_o prerogative_n either_o among_o friend_n or_o enemy_n than_o fidelity_n for_o which_o cause_n it_o be_v that_o man_n be_v more_o strict_a in_o matter_n commit_v to_o their_o trust_n for_o the_o behoof_n of_o other_o laeliâ—s_n than_o they_o can_v well_o be_v if_o the_o same_o thing_n concern_v themselves_o and_o yet_o nevertheless_o there_o be_v a_o quatenus_fw-la in_o all_o endeavour_n and_o seem_v to_o be_v limit_v with_o such_o apparency_n as_o true_a affection_n may_v make_v of_o a_o good_a meaning_n and_o be_v the_o ground_n which_o afranius_n take_v to_o move_v caesar_n for_o a_o pardon_n non_fw-fr esse_fw-la aut_fw-la ipsis_fw-la aut_fw-la militibus_fw-la succensendum_fw-la quod_fw-la fidem_fw-la erga_fw-la imperatorem_fw-la cn._n pompeium_n conservare_fw-la voluerint_fw-la sed_fw-la satis_fw-la jam_fw-la fecisse_fw-la officio_fw-la satisque_fw-la supplicii_fw-la tulisse_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v angry_a either_o with_o he_o or_o the_o soldiery_n for_o be_v faithful_a to_o their_o general_n cn._n pompeius_n but_o that_o now_o they_o have_v sufficient_o do_v their_o duty_n and_o as_o thorough_o smart_v for_o the_o same_o etc._n etc._n which_o he_o deliver_v in_o a_o stile_n suit_v his_o fortune_n for_o as_o cominaeus_n have_v observe_v plut._n man_n in_o fear_n give_v reverend_a and_o humble_a word_n and_o the_o tongue_n be_v ever_o condition_v to_o be_v the_o chief_a witness_n of_o our_o fortune_n on_o the_o other_o side_n caesar_n produce_v nothing_o for_o his_o part_n but_o such_o wrong_n as_o may_v seem_v valuable_a to_o make_v good_a those_o course_n which_o he_o prosecute_v as_o first_o injury_n do_v by_o they_o and_o that_o in_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o blame_n against_o his_o soldier_n that_o go_v but_o to_o seek_v for_o peace_n injury_n do_v by_o their_o general_n in_o such_o a_o fashion_n as_o spare_v not_o to_o evert_v the_o fundamental_a right_n of_o the_o state_n to_o bring_v he_o to_o ruin_n and_o confusion_n whereby_o he_o be_v move_v to_o endeavour_v that_o which_o nature_n tie_v every_o man_n unto_o propellere_fw-la injuriam_fw-la to_o repel_v a_o injury_n from_o himself_o and_o have_v bring_v it_o to_o these_o term_n wherein_o it_o now_o stand_v offici_fw-la he_o will_v give_v assurance_n to_o the_o world_n by_o the_o revenge_n he_o there_o take_v that_o he_o enter_v into_o that_o war_n for_o his_o only_a end_n that_o he_o may_v live_v in_o peace_n and_o so_o require_v no_o more_o but_o that_o the_o army_n shall_v be_v dismiss_v chap._n xxviii_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o article_n agree_v upon_o the_o condition_n propound_v be_v most_o acceptable_a and_o please_a to_o the_o soldier_n câ—sar_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o they_o for_o be_v in_o the_o condition_n of_o vanquish_a person_n and_o thereupon_o expect_v a_o hard_a measure_n of_o fortune_n to_o be_v reward_v with_o liberty_n and_o exemption_n of_o arm_n be_v more_o than_o they_o can_v expect_v insomuch_o as_o where_o there_o grow_v a_o controversy_n of_o the_o time_n and_o place_n of_o their_o dismission_n they_o all_o general_o stand_v upon_o the_o rampire_n signify_v both_o by_o their_o speech_n and_o by_o their_o hand_n that_o their_o desire_n be_v it_o may_v be_v do_v instant_o for_o it_o can_v not_o be_v provide_v by_o any_o assurance_n that_o it_o will_v continue_v firm_a if_o it_o be_v defer_v until_o another_o time_n after_o some_o dispute_n on_o each_o side_n the_o matter_n be_v in_o the_o end_n bring_v to_o this_o issue_n that_o such_o as_o have_v house_n and_o possession_n in_o spain_n shall_v be_v discharge_v present_o and_o the_o rest_n at_o the_o river_n varus_n luc._n it_o be_v condition_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v injury_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v force_v against_o his_o will_n to_o be_v swear_v under_o caesar_n command_n caesar_n promise_v to_o furnish_v they_o with_o corn_n until_o they_o come_v to_o the_o river_n varus_n add_v withal_o that_o what_o soever_o any_o one_o have_v lose_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o war_n which_o shall_v be_v find_v with_o any_o of_o his_o soldier_n shall_v be_v restore_v to_o such_o as_o lose_v it_o and_o to_o his_o soldier_n he_o pay_v the_o value_n thereof_o in_o money_n if_o any_o controversy_n afterward_o grow_v among_o the_o soldier_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n they_o bring_v the_o matter_n from_o time_n to_o time_n before_o caesar_n as_o when_o the_o soldier_n grow_v almost_o into_o a_o mutiny_n for_o want_v of_o pay_n the_o commander_n affirm_v the_o payday_n be_v not_o yet_o come_v petreius_n and_o afranius_n require_v that_o caesar_n may_v understand_v the_o cause_n and_o both_o party_n be_v content_v with_o his_o arbitrement_n a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o army_n be_v dismiss_v in_o those_o two_o day_n he_o command_v two_o of_o his_o legion_n to_o march_v before_o their_o army_n and_o the_o rest_n to_o follow_v after_o and_o continual_o to_o incamp_v themselves_o not_o far_o from_o they_o and_o appoint_v q._n fusius_fw-la calenus_n a_o legate_n to_o take_v the_o charge_n of_o that_o business_n this_o course_n be_v take_v they_o march_v out_o of_o spain_n to_o the_o river_n varus_n and_o there_o dismiss_v the_o rest_n of_o their_o army_n observation_n the_o river_n varus_n divide_v gallia_n narbonensis_n from_o italy_n and_o be_v think_v a_o indifferent_a place_n to_o discharge_v the_o army_n whereby_o there_o may_v be_v a_o end_n make_v of_o that_o war_n wherein_o if_o any_o man_n
have_v power_n and_o mean_n to_o give_v help_n and_o relief_n according_a to_o the_o use_n of_o heathen_a age_n 8._o wherein_o their_o image_n of_o then_o idol_n have_v their_o foot_n tie_v with_o cord_n of_o wool_n to_o show_v the_o mildness_n and_o easiness_n which_o upon_o devote_v supplication_n be_v find_v in_o divine_a power_n whereof_o wool_n be_v a_o symbolum_n the_o second_o observation_n the_o marseillian_o be_v a_o ancient_a progeny_n of_o the_o greek_n notwithstanding_o the_o long_a descent_n of_o time_n and_o alteration_n of_o air_n do_v keep_v a_o touch_n of_o the_o natural_a disposition_n of_o that_o nation_n as_o well_o in_o such_o strain_n of_o eloquence_n as_o be_v familiar_a unto_o they_o above_o other_o people_n as_o in_o 〈◊〉_d subtlety_n and_o duplicitie_n of_o deal_n which_o passage_n of_o the_o marsâ—illians_n be_v observe_v by_o â—laccâ—_n tully_n as_o a_o matter_n enforce_v the_o due_a praise_n of_o eloquence_n and_o the_o use_v it_o have_v upon_o all_o occasion_n to_o draw_v consent_n with_o the_o sweetness_n of_o a_o well-tuned_a tongue_n above_z that_o which_o may_v be_v attain_v either_o by_o engine_n or_o a_o strong_a hand_n wherein_o if_o we_o shall_v go_v about_o to_o compare_v the_o vicariis_fw-la force_n of_o arm_n with_o the_o power_n of_o a_o grave_a discourse_n and_o set_v a_o soldier_n parallel_v to_o a_o orator_n there_o may_v hence_o be_v take_v divers_a probable_a reason_n to_o second_v that_o say_n which_o have_v be_v think_v to_o savour_v more_o of_o vainglory_n then_o of_o true_a judgement_n cedant_fw-la armatogae_fw-la concedat_fw-la laurea_fw-la linguae_fw-la let_v arm_n to_o gown_n the_o bay-leaf_n yield_v to_o the_o tongue_n or_o at_o least_o to_o make_v a_o resemblance_n of_o plutarch_n two_o wrestler_n of_o who_o one_o be_v always_o cast_v do_v nevertheless_o persuade_v the_o other_o that_o he_o cast_v he_o and_o so_o howsoever_o he_o become_v foil_v yet_o leave_v the_o place_n with_o a_o opinion_n of_o victory_n and_o be_v always_o more_o easy_o effect_v when_o it_o be_v attend_v with_o cunning_a and_o deceit_n according_a to_o that_o of_o valerius_n maximus_n efficacissimae_fw-la vires_fw-la per_fw-la fidiae_fw-la mentiri_fw-la &_o fallere_fw-la the_o main_a strength_n of_o perfidiousness_n be_v lie_v and_o deceive_v but_o as_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o philip_n de_fw-fr commines_fw-la the_o peres_n example_n of_o one_o sole_a accident_n be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v many_o man_n wise_a so_o this_o may_v serve_v to_o teach_v succeed_a time_n not_o to_o trust_v to_o word_n whereof_o there_o be_v no_o hold_n but_o to_o ratify_v such_o composition_n with_o irrevocable_a performance_n the_o three_o observation_n three_o we_o may_v note_v how_o far_o the_o anger_n of_o a_o roman_a army_n be_v extend_v upon_o such_o provocation_n as_o be_v here_o mention_v viz._n ad_fw-la interficiendos_fw-la pucros_fw-la to_o the_o slay_v of_o all_o the_o male_n above_o fourteen_o year_n of_o age_n for_o from_o that_o stage_n of_o life_n they_o account_v all_o in_o the_o rank_n of_o man_n according_a to_o the_o institution_n of_o tarqvinius_n priscus_n 6._o who_o in_o his_o triumph_n of_o the_o sabine_n make_v a_o special_a oration_n in_o the_o praise_n of_o his_o own_o son_n that_o have_v assault_v and_o strike_v the_o enemy_n in_o those_o war_n be_v then_o but_o fourteen_o year_n of_o age_n and_o thereupon_o give_v he_o liberty_n to_o wear_v man_n apparel_n which_o be_v that_o yoga_fw-la praetexta_fw-la edged_a or_o face_v with_o purple_n whereof_o their_o history_n make_v so_o often_o mention_n but_o to_o define_v precise_o hereof_o be_v to_o mistake_v the_o fury_n of_o the_o soldier_n for_o howsoever_o the_o rule_n be_v certain_a from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n that_o no_o finite_a cause_n can_v be_v infinite_a in_o effect_n or_o that_o a_o mortal_a hate_n shall_v have_v a_o boundless_a revenge_n yet_o occasion_n make_v it_o variable_a and_o as_o irregular_a as_o that_o of_o alexander_n 5._o who_o sometime_o save_v all_o and_o at_o other_o time_n as_o at_o the_o take_n of_o tyre_n save_v none_o at_o all_o but_o such_o as_o have_v take_v the_o protection_n of_o the_o temple_n the_o inhuman_a cruelty_n of_o the_o turk_n exceed_v all_o former_a hostility_n in_o this_o kind_n for_o they_o never_o save_v any_o out_o of_o commiseration_n but_o for_o private_a use_n and_o do_v rather_o choose_v to_o destroy_v mankind_n then_o suffer_v it_o to_o live_v for_o any_o other_o purpose_n then_o their_o own_o chap._n vi_o the_o marseillian_o take_v advantage_n of_o the_o truce_n consume_v with_o fire_n all_o the_o roman_a work_n which_o be_v afterward_o re-edify_v after_o a_o few_o day_n caesar_n when_o our_o man_n be_v grow_v remiss_a and_o careless_a sudden_o about_o high_a noon_n as_o some_o be_v go_v one_o way_n some_o another_o and_o other_o weary_v with_o continual_a labour_n have_v give_v themselves_o to_o rest_n the_o weapon_n be_v case_v and_o lay_v up_o they_o rush_v out_o of_o their_o gate_n and_o come_v with_o the_o wind_n that_o then_o blue_a hard_a they_o set_v our_o work_n on_o fire_n which_o be_v so_o carry_v and_o disperse_v with_o the_o wind_n that_o the_o mount_n the_o mantelet_n the_o testudo_fw-la the_o tower_n and_o the_o engine_n be_v all_o on_o fire_n at_o once_o and_o be_v burn_v down_o and_o consume_v before_o it_o can_v be_v know_v how_o it_o come_v our_o man_n astonish_v at_o so_o sudden_a and_o unthought-of_a a_o accident_n catch_v up_o such_o weapon_n as_o be_v next_o at_o hand_n and_o other_o run_v speedy_o from_o the_o camp_n set_v upon_o the_o enemy_n but_o be_v hinder_v from_o follow_v they_o as_o they_o flee_v by_o engine_n and_o arrow_n from_o the_o town_n wall_n they_o on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v retire_v under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o wall_n do_v at_o their_o ease_n burn_v down_o the_o mouse_n and_o the_o brick-tower_n and_o so_o many_o month_n labour_n be_v through_o the_o perfidiousness_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o the_o force_n of_o the_o tempest_n consume_v and_o bring_v to_o nothing_o in_o a_o moment_n of_o time_n the_o marseillian_o attempt_v the_o like_a the_o next_o day_n after_o have_v opportunity_n of_o the_o like_a tempest_n and_o with_o great_a confidence_n sally_v out_o and_o throw_v much_o fire_n upon_o the_o other_o mount_n and_o the_o tower_n but_o as_o our_o man_n the_o day_n before_o expect_v nothing_o less_o than_o to_o be_v surprise_v in_o that_o sort_n have_v neglect_v more_o than_o ordinary_a their_o usual_a guard_n so_o be_v now_o make_v wise_a by_o that_o which_o have_v happen_v they_o have_v make_v all_o thing_n ready_a for_o defence_n by_o which_o mean_n have_v slay_v a_o great_a number_n they_o drive_v the_o rest_n back_o into_o the_o town_n without_o effect_v any_o thing_n trebonius_z begin_v again_o to_o re-edify_a such_o work_n as_o be_v ruinate_v and_o consume_v with_o fire_n and_o that_o with_o great_a â—alacritie_n of_o the_o soldier_n then_o before_o respondeâ—â—_fw-la for_o when_o they_o see_v their_o great_a labour_n and_o endeavour_n sort_n to_o no_o better_a success_n and_o the_o truce_n break_v by_o the_o treachery_n of_o the_o enemy_n it_o be_v a_o great_a gall_n unto_o they_o to_o have_v their_o valour_n thus_o deride_v and_o forasmuch_o as_o there_o be_v nothing_o leave_v in_o all_o the_o country_n for_o the_o raise_n of_o a_o mount_n all_o the_o tree_n be_v already_o cut_v down_o and_o bring_v far_o and_o near_o to_o make_v the_o first_o mount_n they_o begin_v a_o mount_n of_o a_o strange_a and_o unheard-of_a fashion_n raise_v with_o two_o side-wall_n of_o brick_n be_v six_o foot_n thick_a a_o piece_n mess_n and_o join_v together_o with_o floor_n the_o wall_n be_v of_o equal_a distance_n to_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o former_a mount_n which_o be_v all_o of_o solid_a matter_n and_o where_o the_o space_n between_o the_o wall_n or_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o work_n do_v require_v it_o there_o be_v pile_n drive_v between_o and_o beam_n and_o plank_n lay_v athwart_o for_o the_o strengthen_n thereof_o the_o floor_n make_v between_o those_o wall_n be_v lay_v with_o hurdle_n and_o the_o hurdle_n be_v cover_v with_o clay_n the_o soldier_n be_v thus_o shelter_v on_o both_o side_n with_o a_o wall_n and_o defend_v in_o front_n by_o mantelet_n and_o gabâ—ons_n do_v safe_o without_o danger_n bring_v whatsoever_o be_v necessary_a for_o that_o build_n whereby_o the_o work_n be_v carry_v on_o with_o great_a speed_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o former_a continual_a labour_n be_v in_o a_o short_a time_n recover_v again_o through_o the_o admirable_a dexterity_n and_o valour_n of_o the_o soldier_n to_o conclude_v they_o leave_v gate_n in_o the_o wall_n in_o such_o place_n as_o be_v fit_a for_o sally_n when_o the_o enemy_n perceive_v that_o what_o they_o hope_v can_v not_o be_v repair_v again_o in_o a_o long_a time_n be_v with_o a_o
few_o day_n labour_v re-edify_v and_o finish_v whereby_o there_o be_v no_o place_n leave_v to_o practice_v deceit_n or_o to_o sally_v out_o with_o advantage_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o mean_n leave_v by_o which_o they_o can_v prevail_v either_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n to_o hurt_v our_o soldier_n or_o by_o fire_n to_o consume_v our_o work_n and_o understand_v likewise_o that_o by_o the_o same_o manner_n of_o fortification_n all_o that_o part_n of_o the_o town_n which_o have_v passage_n and_o access_n from_o the_o firm_a land_n may_v be_v encompass_v with_o a_o wall_n and_o with_o tower_n that_o their_o soldier_n shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o stand_v upon_o their_o work_n and_o perceive_v withal_o that_o our_o army_n have_v raise_v a_o counter-mure_n against_o the_o wall_n of_o their_o town_n and_o that_o weapon_n may_v be_v cast_v by_o hand_n unto_o they_o that_o the_o use_n of_o their_o engine_n wherein_o they_o much_o trust_v be_v by_o the_o nearness_n of_o space_n quite_o take_v away_o and_o last_o that_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o confront_v our_o man_n upon_o equal_a term_n from_o their_o wall_n and_o from_o their_o turret_n they_o descend_v to_o the_o same_o article_n of_o rendry_a and_o submission_n as_o be_v former_o agree_v upon_o the_o first_o observation_n hence_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o a_o general_n can_v be_v too_o secure_a of_o a_o enemy_n that_o stand_v upon_o term_n to_o render_v up_o a_o place_n for_o the_o action_n be_v but_o voluntary_a by_o constraint_n if_o haply_o the_o constrain_a force_n be_v remove_v then_o that_o do_v cease_v which_o be_v voluntary_a and_o so_o it_o come_v by_o consequent_a to_o a_o refusal_n as_o appear_v by_o this_o passage_n of_o the_o marseillian_o who_o be_v bring_v into_o hard_a term_n as_o well_o by_o their_o two_o overthrow_n at_o sea_n whence_o they_o expect_v no_o further_a succour_n as_o also_o by_o the_o siege_n lay_v so_o close_o by_o land_n where_o they_o be_v so_o violent_o assault_v that_o their_o tower_n of_o defence_n make_v passage_n for_o the_o roman_n to_o enter_v upon_o they_o do_v nevertheless_o upon_o cessation_n of_o those_o enforcement_n alter_v their_o purpose_n and_o entertain_v new_a hope_n which_o make_v good_a that_o say_n timâ—o_n danaos_n &_o dona_fw-la ferentes_fw-la i_o fear_v the_o greek_n even_o when_o they_o bring_v their_o gift_n the_o second_o observation_n second_o 〈◊〉_d we_o may_v observe_v that_o a_o will_n forward_o to_o undergo_v labour_n do_v never_o stick_v at_o any_o difficulty_n nor_o be_v at_o all_o dismay_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o any_o pain_n but_o be_v rather_o redouble_v in_o courage_n and_o industry_n especial_o be_v edge_v on_o with_o a_o desire_n of_o revenge_n polyaenus_n which_o if_o homer_n may_v have_v credit_n do_v always_o add_v a_o three_o part_n to_o a_o man_n strength_n as_o appear_v by_o diomedes_n 5._o be_v hurt_v in_o the_o shoulder_n with_o one_o of_o pindarus_n arrow_n for_o revenge_n whereof_o he_o exceed_v himself_o in_o a_o sesquiterce_n proportion_n of_o valour_n and_o slay_v more_o trojan_n by_o a_o three_o part_n then_o otherwise_o he_o can_v howsoever_o possit_fw-la as_o there_o be_v nothing_o so_o hard_a but_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o endeavour_n of_o the_o mind_n so_o there_o be_v nothing_o so_o easy_a as_o to_o dispossess_v ourselves_o of_o that_o intent_n care_v which_o be_v requisite_a in_o these_o employment_n for_o these_o roman_n that_o through_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o spirit_n have_v make_v such_o first_o and_o second_o work_n hispanico_fw-la as_o the_o memory_n thereof_o will_v last_v with_o the_o world_n be_v surprise_v when_o they_o lie_v in_o the_o interim_n as_o it_o be_v unbend_v in_o as_o great_a remissness_n and_o neglect_n howsoever_o draw_v unto_o it_o by_o deceit_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v able_a to_o do_v no_o such_o matter_n as_o be_v here_o report_v and_o therefore_o it_o behove_v a_o commander_n to_o keep_v his_o army_n always_o season_v with_o labour_n vegetius_n forasmuch_o as_o exercitus_fw-la labour_v proficit_fw-la otio_fw-la consenescit_fw-la a_o army_n thrive_v by_o employment_n but_o grow_v old_a by_o idleness_n chap._n vii_o varro_n raise_v great_a troop_n to_o maintain_v pompey_n party_n in_o spain_n but_o to_o no_o purpose_n marcus_z varro_z caesar_n in_o the_o further_a province_n of_o spain_n have_v from_o the_o beginning_n understand_v how_o thing_n have_v pass_v in_o italy_n and_o distrust_v how_o matter_n will_v succeed_v with_o pompey_n do_v oftentimes_o give_v out_o very_o friendly_a speech_n of_o caesar_n that_o pompey_n have_v by_o way_n of_o prevention_n gain_v he_o to_o his_o party_n and_o honour_v he_o with_o a_o lieutenancie_n whereby_o he_o be_v oblige_v in_o duty_n to_o he_o howbeit_o in_o his_o particular_a disposition_n he_o stand_v no_o less_o affect_v to_o caesar_n neither_o be_v he_o ignorant_a of_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o legate_n to_o who_o trust_n and_o fidelity_n the_o government_n of_o the_o province_n be_v leave_v obtinebat_fw-la as_o in_o deposito_fw-la upon_o condition_n to_o be_v render_v up_o at_o all_o time_n and_o season_n as_o he_o that_o command_v in_o chief_a shall_v require_v it_o he_o likewise_o know_v very_o well_o what_o his_o own_o force_n be_v and_o what_o be_v the_o affection_n and_o disposition_n of_o all_o the_o country_n towards_o câ—sar_n this_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o all_o his_o speech_n without_o any_o show_n of_o incline_v either_o to_o the_o one_o or_o to_o the_o other_o but_o afterward_o when_o he_o hear_v that_o caesar_n be_v engage_v at_o marscille_n that_o petreius_n force_n be_v join_v with_o afranius_n army_n that_o great_a aide_n be_v come_v unto_o they_o that_o every_o man_n be_v in_o great_a hope_n and_o expectation_n of_o good_a success_n and_o that_o all_o the_o hither_o province_n have_v agree_v together_o to_o undertake_v pompey_n cause_n as_o also_o what_o have_v after_o happen_v concern_v the_o want_n of_o victual_n at_o ileâ—da_n all_o which_o thing_n be_v write_v with_o advantage_n unto_o he_o by_o afranius_n he_o then_o upon_o that_o alteration_n change_v his_o mind_n according_a to_o the_o time_n and_o levy_v soldier_n in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o province_n and_o have_v raise_v two_o complete_a legion_n he_o add_v unto_o they_o some_o thirty_o cohort_n of_o the_o country_n soldier_n to_o serve_v for_o wing_n to_o the_o army_n and_o gather_v together_o great_a quantity_n of_o corn_n as_o well_o for_o the_o supply_n of_o the_o marsâ—illians_n as_o for_o the_o provision_n of_o petreius_n and_o afranius_n moreover_o he_o command_v they_o of_o gades_n to_o build_v and_o provide_v ten_o galley_n and_o order_v further_o that_o many_o other_o shall_v be_v make_v at_o hispalis_n he_o take_v all_o the_o money_n and_o the_o ornament_n out_o of_o hercules_n temple_n and_o bring_v the_o same_o into_o the_o town_n of_o gades_n and_o in_o lieu_n thereof_o send_v six_o cohort_n out_o of_o the_o province_n to_o keep_v the_o temple_n he_o make_v caius_n gallonius_n a_o roman_a knight_n and_o a_o familiar_a friend_n of_o domitius_n and_o send_v by_o he_o thither_o to_o recover_v some_o matter_n of_o inheritance_n governor_n of_o the_o town_n all_o the_o army_n as_o well_o private_a as_o public_a be_v bring_v into_o gallonius_n house_n he_o himself_o make_v many_o bitter_a invective_n against_o caesar_n affirm_v in_o public_a that_o caesar_n have_v be_v several_a time_n worsted_n and_o that_o a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o soldier_n be_v revolt_v from_o he_o and_o be_v come_v to_o afranius_n which_o he_o know_v to_o be_v true_a by_o certain_a and_o approve_a messenger_n the_o roman_a citizen_n reside_v in_o that_o province_n be_v much_o perplex_a and_o affright_v thereat_o be_v thereupon_o constrain_v to_o promise_v he_o 190_o thousand_o sesterce_n in_o ready_a money_n for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o commonweal_n beside_o twenty_o thousand_o weight_n of_o silver_n together_o with_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n upon_o those_o city_n and_o state_n which_o favour_v caesar_n party_n he_o lay_v great_a imposition_n for_o such_o as_o have_v let_v fall_v speech_n or_o declare_v themselves_o against_o the_o commonweal_n he_o confiscate_v all_o their_o good_n and_o put_v a_o garrison_n upon_o they_o give_v judgement_n himself_o upon_o private_a person_n and_o constrain_a all_o the_o province_n to_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o he_o and_o to_o pompey_n and_o be_v in_o the_o end_n advertise_v what_o have_v happen_v in_o the_o hither_o province_n he_o prepare_v for_o war_n with_o a_o purpose_n to_o dispose_v thereof_o in_o this_o manner_n his_o resolution_n be_v to_o keep_v two_o legion_n with_o he_o at_o gades_n with_o all_o the_o ship_n and_o the_o corn_n for_o know_v that_o the_o whole_a province_n do_v entire_o affect_v caesar_n cause_n he_o think_v it_o best_a and_o easy_a for_o he_o have_v make_v good_a provision_n
of_o ship_v and_o corn_n to_o keep_v the_o island_n the_o first_o observation_n observe_v first_o how_o dangerous_a it_o be_v for_o such_o as_o stand_v neutral_a between_o two_o party_n bear_v no_o affection_n but_o to_o their_o own_o end_n to_o declare_v themselves_o upon_o such_o apparence_n as_o common_o happen_v in_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o a_o war_n for_o if_o their_o judgement_n fail_v as_o varro_n do_v they_o be_v then_o force_v to_o redeem_v their_o error_n with_o more_o office_n of_o partiality_n then_o can_v afterward_o be_v excuse_v and_o so_o run_v into_o a_o further_a degree_n ofenmitie_n than_o the_o party_n for_o who_o they_o suffer_v and_o certain_o whether_o it_o be_v that_o neutrality_n refuse_v to_o take_v part_n with_o the_o right_n which_o in_o matter_n of_o controversy_n must_v needs_o stand_v on_o one_o side_n or_o whether_o it_o favour_v of_o a_o ill_a nature_n to_o show_v no_o sympathize_v affection_n with_o such_o as_o otherwise_o have_v correspondence_n with_o they_o or_o for_o what_o other_o cause_n i_o know_v not_o but_o sure_o it_o be_v that_o neutral_n attend_v nothing_o but_o their_o own_o advantage_n be_v of_o no_o better_a esteem_n than_o the_o bird_n whereof_o leo_n africus_n write_v which_o when_o the_o king_n of_o bird_n demand_v tribute_n will_v always_o rank_v himself_o among_o the_o fish_n and_o when_o the_o king_n of_o fish_n require_v his_o service_n will_v always_o be_v with_o the_o bird_n or_o then_o the_o weathercock_n whereof_o there_o be_v no_o other_o use_n then_o indicare_fw-la regnantem_fw-la to_o show_v what_o wind_n rule_v the_o second_o observation_n the_o island_n of_o gades_n be_v know_v to_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o name_n of_o tartesson_n hic_fw-la gades_n vrbs_fw-la est_fw-la dicta_fw-la tartessus_n prius_fw-la aâ—nienus_n here_o gades_n stand_v of_o old_a tartessus_n call_v the_o town_n of_o gades_n be_v endow_v as_o dion_n witness_v xli_o by_o julius_n caesar_n with_o the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o rome_n to_o which_o effect_n pliny_n write_v oppidum_n habet_fw-la civium_fw-la romanorum_fw-la quod_fw-la appellatur_fw-la augusta_n vrbs_fw-la julia_n gaditana_n this_o island_n have_v a_o town_n of_o roman_a citizen_n which_o be_v call_v augusta_n julia_n gaditana_n it_o be_v a_o town_n of_o great_a fame_n as_o appear_v by_o that_o of_o juba_n king_n of_o mauritania_n who_o make_v ambitious_a suit_n to_o have_v the_o title_n of_o duumviri_fw-la or_o two-man_n of_o the_o town_n as_o festus_n note_v in_o his_o description_n of_o the_o sea-coast_n at_o vis_fw-la in_o illis_fw-la tanta_fw-la vel_fw-la tantum_fw-la decus_fw-la aetate_fw-la prisca_fw-la sub_fw-la fide_fw-la rerum_fw-la fuit_fw-la rex_fw-la ut_fw-la superbus_fw-la omniumque_fw-la praepotens_fw-la quos_fw-la gens_fw-la habebat_fw-la forte_fw-fr tum_fw-la maurusia_n octaviano_fw-it principi_fw-la acceptissimus_fw-la et_fw-la literarum_fw-la semper_fw-la in_o study_v juba_n interfluoque_fw-la separatus_fw-la aequore_fw-la illustriorem_fw-la semet_fw-la vrbis_fw-la istius_fw-la duumviratu_fw-la crederet_fw-la such_o be_v their_o power_n such_o their_o grace_n of_o old_a while_o faith_n be_v yet_o in_o place_n king_n juba_n the_o most_o powerful_a prince_n the_o moor_n have_v either_o then_o or_o since_o in_o favour_n with_o octavian_n and_o every_o way_n a_o learned_a man_n divide_v from_o this_o place_n by_o sâ—n_n think_v it_o will_v great_a glory_n be_v to_o be_v duum-vir_a of_o the_o town_n in_o this_o island_n stand_v hercules_n temple_n to_o which_o as_o well_o roman_n as_o other_o noble_a adventurer_n of_o all_o nation_n make_v often_o repair_v to_o perform_v their_o vow_n upon_o achievement_n of_o deed_n of_o arm_n which_o solemnity_n be_v not_o omit_v by_o hannibal_n before_o his_o expedition_n into_o italy_n among_o other_o altar_n in_o this_o temple_n there_o be_v one_o dedicate_v to_o penury_n and_o art_n signify_v that_o art_n drive_v away_o penury_n as_o hercules_n put_v to_o flight_n and_o subdue_v monster_n those_o of_o asia_n and_o the_o mediterrane_n part_n take_v this_o island_n to_o be_v the_o further_a end_n of_o navigation_n for_o the_o atlantic_a sea_n admit_v no_o further_a passage_n for_o want_v of_o a_o loadstone_n to_o direct_v they_o in_o that_o vastness_n and_o therefore_o pindarus_n say_v that_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o wise_a man_n nor_o fool_n to_o know_v what_o be_v beyond_o the_o straight_a of_o gibraltar_n land_n the_o way_n in_o the_o ocean_n be_v a_o thousand_o league_n abroad_o in_o this_o town_n of_o gades_n be_v bear_v l._n cornelius_n balbus_n who_o at_o his_o death_n give_v a_o legacy_n to_o the_o roman_a people_n twenty_o five_o penny_n per_fw-la pole_n together_o with_o junius_n brutus_n columella_n that_o write_v so_o excellent_o de_fw-fr re_fw-mi rustica_fw-la et_fw-la mea_fw-la quam_fw-la generate_fw-la tartessi_fw-it littore_fw-la gades_n and_o which_o my_o gades_n yield_v on_o tartesse_n shore_n it_o be_v now_o call_v cales_n and_o be_v sack_v by_o our_o english_a an._n 1596._o hispalis_n hispalis_n surname_v romulensis_fw-la from_o the_o roman_a colony_n that_o be_v plant_v there_o sevill_n be_v seat_v upon_o the_o river_n baetis_n in_o a_o very_a pleasant_a and_o fertile_a country_n and_o especial_o for_o oil_n the_o town_n be_v now_o the_o staple_n for_o the_o west_n indies_n and_o a_o very_a nursery_n of_o merchant_n arias_n montanus_n that_o great_a theologian_n be_v bear_v in_o this_o city_n the_o three_o observation_n concern_v these_o hundred_o and_o ninety_o thousand_o sesterce_n the_o learned_a can_v satisfy_v themselves_o with_o any_o congruent_a interpretation_n thereof_o for_o if_o we_o take_v they_o in_o the_o neuter_n for_o seven_o pound_n ten_o shilling_n apiece_o it_o amount_v to_o 1492000_o pound_n which_o be_v think_v too_o much_o if_o in_o the_o masculine_a it_o will_v rise_v not_o to_o above_o 1400_o pound_n which_o be_v deem_v too_o little_a and_o therefore_o the_o critic_n do_v mend_v the_o place_n and_o read_v his_a centies_n nonagy_n a_o hundred_o time_n ninety_o his_a which_o bring_v out_o 142500_o pound_n and_o be_v think_v agreeable_a to_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o author_n chap._n viii_o the_o province_n and_o the_o legion_n revolt_v from_o varro_n caesar_n settle_v spain_n and_o return_v to_o marseilles_n albeit_o caesar_n be_v call_v back_o into_o italy_n caesar_n for_o many_o great_a and_o important_a cause_n yet_o he_o be_v resolve_v to_o leave_v no_o spark_n or_o appearance_n of_o war_n remain_v behind_o he_o in_o spain_n for_o that_o he_o know_v pompey_n desert_n to_o be_v such_o as_o have_v gain_v he_o many_o follower_n and_o dependent_n in_o the_o hither_o province_n and_o therefore_o have_v send_v two_o legion_n into_o the_o further_a spain_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o q._n cassius_n tribune_n of_o the_o people_n he_o himself_o make_v forward_o by_o great_a journey_n with_o six_o hundred_o horse_n send_v a_o edict_n before_o he_o to_o summon_v the_o magistrate_n and_o chief_a man_n of_o the_o city_n and_o town_n to_o appear_v before_o he_o by_o a_o day_n at_o corduba_n upon_o publication_n of_o which_o edict_n there_o be_v no_o city_n in_o all_o that_o province_n that_o send_v not_o some_o of_o their_o senate_n by_o the_o day_n appoint_v to_o corduba_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o roman_a citizen_n of_o note_n that_o present_v not_o himself_o there_o at_o that_o time_n the_o prince_n and_o state_n be_v assemble_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n they_o shut_v the_o gate_n against_o varro_n set_v watch_n and_o ward_n upon_o the_o wall_n and_o in_o the_o tower_n and_o retain_v with_o they_o two_o cohort_n call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o colonicae_n which_o come_v thither_o by_o chance_n for_o the_o safe_a keep_n of_o the_o town_n at_o the_o selfsame_a time_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o carmona_n which_o be_v the_o strong_a town_n of_o all_o the_o province_n cast_v out_o the_o three_o cohort_n that_o be_v by_o varro_n put_v into_o their_o citadel_n and_o shut_v they_o out_o of_o their_o town_n whereby_o varro_n be_v the_o rather_o move_v to_o make_v haste_n to_o gades_n with_o his_o legion_n lest_o he_o shall_v be_v hinder_v and_o cut_v off_o either_o in_o the_o way_n or_o in_o his_o passage_n over_o from_o the_o continent_n such_o and_o so_o favourable_a be_v the_o general_a affection_n of_o the_o whole_a province_n towards_o caesar_n and_o be_v somewhat_o advance_v on_o his_o journey_n he_o receive_v letter_n from_o gades_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v know_v there_o of_o the_o edict_n which_o caesar_n have_v publish_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o gaditan_n agree_v with_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n which_o be_v in_o garrison_n to_o expel_v gallonius_n out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o to_o keep_v the_o city_n and_o the_o island_n for_o caesar_n which_o be_v resolve_v upon_o they_o send_v he_o word_n to_o leave_v the_o town_n of_o his_o own_o accord_n while_o he_o may_v do_v it_o without_o danger_n and_o if_o he_o refuse_v they_o will_v then_o take_v such_o
that_o a_o commander_n must_v expect_v to_o meet_v with_o time_n wherein_o his_o man_n will_v stand_v in_o danger_n of_o nothing_o so_o much_o as_o their_o own_o infirmity_n be_v trouble_v rather_o with_o strong_a apprehension_n enchirid_a then_o for_o any_o danger_n of_o the_o thing_n fear_v chap._n xii_o curio_n dispute_v the_o matter_n in_o a_o council_n of_o war_n for_o which_o cause_v a_o council_n of_o war_n be_v call_v caesar_n they_o begin_v to_o deliberate_v what_o course_n be_v to_o be_v take_v i_o here_o be_v some_o opinion_n which_o think_v that_o it_o be_v very_o expedient_a to_o assault_v and_o take_v varus_n camp_n for_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o dangerous_a than_o idleness_n for_o the_o breed_n and_o increase_n of_o such_o imagination_n as_o the_o soldier_n have_v conceive_v other_o say_v it_o be_v better_a to_o try_v the_o fortune_n of_o a_o battle_n and_o to_o free_v themselves_o by_o valorous_a endeavour_n rather_o than_o to_o be_v forsake_v and_o abandon_v of_o their_o own_o party_n and_o left_a to_o undergo_v most_o grievous_a and_o extreme_a torment_n there_o be_v other_o which_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o return_v about_o the_o three_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n to_o cornelius_n camp_n that_o by_o interpose_v some_o respite_n of_o time_n the_o soldier_n may_v be_v better_o settle_v and_o confirm_v in_o their_o opinion_n and_o if_o any_o mischance_n further_o happen_v they_o may_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o store_n of_o ship_v with_o more_o ease_n and_o safety_n return_v back_o to_o sicily_n curio_n mislike_v both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o say_v that_o there_o want_v as_o much_o good_a resolution_n in_o the_o one_o opinion_n as_o abound_v in_o the_o other_o for_o these_o enter_v into_o a_o consideration_n of_o a_o dishonourable_a &_o unbeseeming_a flight_n and_o those_o be_v of_o a_o opinion_n to_o fight_v in_o a_o unequal_a and_o disadvantageous_a place_n for_o with_o what_o hope_n say_v he_o can_v we_o assault_v a_o camp_n so_o fortify_v both_o by_o nature_n and_o art_n or_o what_o have_v we_o gain_v if_o with_o great_a loss_n and_o damage_n solent_fw-la we_o shall_v go_v away_o and_o give_v it_o over_o as_o though_o thing_n well_o and_o happy_o achieve_v do_v not_o get_v to_o the_o commander_n great_a good_a will_n from_o the_o soldier_n and_o thing_n ill_o carry_v as_o much_o hate_n concern_v the_o remove_n of_o our_o camp_n 8._o what_o do_v it_o infer_v but_o a_o shameful_a retreat_n a_o despair_n in_o all_o man_n and_o a_o alienation_n of_o the_o army_n for_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a to_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o prudent_a and_o well-advised_a to_o imagine_v that_o they_o be_v disinherit_v nor_o on_o the_o other_o side_n to_o the_o ill-disposed_a that_o they_o be_v redoubt_a or_o fear_v and_o the_o rather_o because_o fear_v in_o this_o kind_n will_v give_v they_o more_o liberty_n to_o do_v ill_a and_o abate_v the_o endeavour_n of_o good_a man_n in_o well_o deserve_v and_o if_o say_v he_o these_o thing_n be_v well_o know_v unto_o we_o already_o that_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o revolt_n and_o alienation_n of_o the_o army_n which_o for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o think_v either_o to_o be_v altogether_o false_a or_o at_o least_o less_o than_o in_o opinion_n they_o be_v think_v to_o be_v be_v it_o not_o better_a to_o dissemble_v and_o hide_v they_o then_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v strengthen_v and_o confirm_v by_o we_o ought_v we_o not_o as_o we_o do_v hide_v the_o wound_n of_o our_o body_n to_o cover_v the_o inconvenience_n of_o a_o army_n lest_o we_o shall_v minister_v hope_n or_o courage_n to_o the_o adversary_n but_o some_o there_o be_v that_o advise_v to_o set_v forward_o at_o midnight_n to_o the_o end_n as_o i_o imagine_v that_o such_o as_o be_v desirous_a to_o offend_v may_v perform_v it_o with_o more_o scope_n and_o licentiousness_n for_o such_o disorder_n be_v repress_v and_o reform_v either_o with_o shame_n or_o fear_n to_o both_o which_o the_o night_n be_v a_o enemy_n and_o therefore_o as_o i_o be_o not_o of_o that_o courage_n to_o think_v without_o hope_n or_o mean_n that_o the_o enemy_n camp_n be_v to_o be_v assault_v so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n i_o be_o not_o so_o fearful_a as_o to_o be_v want_v in_o that_o which_o be_v fit_v but_o be_o rather_o of_o opinion_n that_o we_o try_v all_o thing_n before_o we_o yield_v to_o that_o and_o do_v assure_v myself_o that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n we_o be_v all_o of_o one_o mind_n concern_v this_o point_n observation_n as_o in_o matter_n of_o geometry_n rectum_fw-la est_fw-la index_n svi_fw-la &_o obliqui_fw-la a_o straight_a line_n manifest_v both_o itself_o and_o a_o crooked_a line_n be_v equal_a to_o all_o the_o part_n of_o rectitude_n and_o unequal_a to_o obliquity_n so_o be_v it_o in_o reason_n and_o discourse_n for_o a_o direct_a and_o well-grounded_n speech_n carry_v such_o a_o native_a equality_n with_o all_o its_o part_n as_o it_o do_v not_o only_o approve_v itself_o to_o be_v level_v at_o that_o which_o be_v most_o fit_a but_o show_v also_o what_o be_v indirect_a and_o crooked_a concern_v the_o same_o matter_n and_o be_v of_o that_o consequence_n in_o the_o variety_n of_o project_n and_o opinion_n divinissimum_fw-la and_o so_o hardly_o hit_v upon_o in_o the_o lame_a discourse_n of_o common_a reason_n that_o plato_n think_v it_o a_o piece_n of_o divine_a power_n to_o direct_v a_o path_n free_a from_o the_o crookedness_n of_o error_n which_o may_v lead_v the_o straight_a and_o ready_a way_n to_o happy_a end_n opponitur_fw-la and_o the_o rather_o forasmuch_o as_o in_o matter_n of_o debate_n there_o be_v no_o word_n so_o weighty_a but_o do_v seem_v balance_v with_o other_o of_o equal_a consideration_n seâ—â—_n as_o here_o it_o happen_v philos_fw-la from_o those_o that_o point_v at_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o distemperature_n 4._o convict_a idleness_n for_o the_o author_n of_o their_o variable_a and_o unsettled_a mind_n and_o as_o cyrop_n xenophon_n have_v observe_v very_o hard_o to_o be_v endure_v in_o one_o man_n much_o worse_o in_o a_o whole_a family_n but_o no_o way_n sufferable_a in_o a_o army_n which_o the_o roman_n call_v exercitus_fw-la ab_fw-la exercitio_fw-la from_o exercise_n for_o remedy_v whereof_o they_o propound_v labour_n without_o hope_n of_o gain_n and_o such_o service_n as_o can_v bring_v forth_o nothing_o but_o loss_n other_o prefer_v security_n before_o all_o other_o course_n as_o believe_v with_o livy_n 22._o that_o captain_n shall_v never_o trust_v fortune_n further_o than_o necessity_n constrain_v they_o persuade_v a_o retreat_n to_o a_o place_n of_o safety_n but_o upon_o dishonourable_a term_n which_o unevennesse_n of_o opinion_n curio_n make_v straight_o by_o a_o excellent_a maxim_n in_o this_o kind_n think_v it_o convenient_a to_o hold_v such_o a_o course_n as_o may_v neither_o give_v honest_a man_n cause_n of_o distrust_n nor_o wicked_a man_n to_o think_v they_o be_v fear_v for_o so_o he_o shall_v be_v sure_a in_o good_a term_n of_o honour_n neither_o to_o discourage_v the_o better_a sort_n nor_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o ill-affected_a to_o do_v worse_o and_o thus_o wind_v himself_o out_o of_o the_o labyrinth_n of_o word_n as_o know_v that_o to_o be_v true_a of_o annius_n the_o praetor_n that_o 3â—_n it_o more_o import_v occasion_n to_o do_v then_o to_o say_v be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o fit_a word_n to_o thing_n unfold_v &_o resolve_v upon_o he_o break_v up_o the_o council_n chap._n xiii_o curio_n call_v a_o general_a assembly_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o speak_v unto_o they_o concern_v their_o fear_n and_o retraction_n the_o council_n be_v rise_v caesar_n he_o give_v order_n for_o a_o convocation_n of_o the_o army_n and_o there_o call_v to_o remembrance_n what_o they_o have_v do_v for_o caesar_n at_o confinium_fw-la how_o by_o their_o favour_n and_o furtherance_n he_o have_v gain_v the_o great_a part_n of_o italy_n to_o be_v on_o his_o side_n for_o by_o you_o say_v he_o and_o by_o your_o endeavour_n all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o municipal_a town_n be_v draw_v to_o follow_v caesar_n and_o there_o fore_o not_o without_o just_a cause_n do_v he_o at_o that_o time_n repose_v great_a assurance_n in_o your_o affection_n towards_o he_o and_o the_o adverse_a party_n conceive_v as_o great_a indignation_n &_o spite_n against_o you_o for_o pompey_n be_v not_o force_v away_o by_o any_o battle_n but_o be_v prejudice_v by_o your_o act_n he_o quit_v italy_n caesar_n have_v recommend_v i_o who_o he_o hold_v near_o unto_o himself_o together_o with_o the_o province_n of_o sicily_n and_o africa_n without_o which_o he_o can_v defend_v the_o city_n and_o italy_n to_o your_o trust_n and_o fidelity_n there_o be_v some_o which_o solicit_v and_o persuade_v you_o to_o revolt_v from_o my_o command_n for_o what_o can_v they_o wish_v or_o desire_v more_o then_o to_o make_v
begin_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n if_o he_o shall_v think_v it_o fit_a to_o accept_v thereof_o and_o hold_v himself_o as_o much_o oblige_v unto_o they_o as_o if_o he_o have_v use_v it_o he_o think_v it_o best_a expedient_a for_o they_o to_o be_v acquit_v by_o the_o people_n rather_o than_o by_o his_o commandment_n and_o authority_n lest_o he_o shall_v either_o seem_v ungrateful_a in_o not_o acknowledge_v their_o desert_n or_o arrogant_a in_o assume_v to_o himself_o that_o which_o belong_v to_o the_o people_n the_o first_o observation_n caesar_n as_o he_o be_v dictator_n hold_v the_o assembly_n for_o the_o choice_n of_o magistrate_n himself_o with_o p._n servilius_n isauricus_n be_v make_v consul_n in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 705._o which_o be_v just_a ten_o year_n after_o his_o first_o consulship_n whereby_o he_o become_v capable_a thereof_o by_o the_o law_n publish_v by_o sylla_n wherein_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v choose_v to_o a_o office_n within_o ten_o year_n after_o he_o have_v supply_v the_o same_o in_o this_o year_n happen_v all_o these_o thing_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o this_o three_o commentary_n as_o paterculus_n note_v in_o these_o word_n c._n caesar_n and_o p._n servilius_n be_v consul_n pompey_n be_v miserable_o maslacred_a after_o three_o consulship_n and_o three_o triumph_n and_o be_v slay_v the_o day_n before_o his_o birthday_n be_v age_v 58_o year_n the_o choice_a day_n be_v regular_o the_o first_o of_o january_n and_o the_o assembly_n be_v call_v comitium_fw-la centuriatum_fw-la touch_v the_o difference_n of_o these_o assembly_n the_o party_n present_v thereat_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o choice_n and_o other_o circumstance_n appertain_v the_o reader_n may_v receive_v information_n at_o large_a by_o rossius_n comitiis_fw-la only_o it_o be_v to_o be_v remember_v that_o comitia_fw-la centuriata_fw-la be_v never_o hold_v without_o consent_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o chief_a part_n of_o they_o be_v with_o pompey_n lucan_n take_v exception_n at_o this_o creation_n moerentia_fw-la tecta_fw-la caesar_n habet_fw-la 5._o vacuasque_fw-la domos_fw-la legesque_fw-la silentes_fw-la clausaque_fw-la justitio_fw-la tristi_fw-la fora_fw-la curia_fw-la solos_fw-la illa_fw-la videt_fw-la patres_fw-la plena_fw-la quos_fw-la urbe_fw-la fugavit_fw-la sad_n roof_n and_o empty_a house_n caesar_n find_v the_o law_n be_v silence_v &_o the_o court_n shut_v up_o no_o father_n meet_v in_o senate_n only_o they_o who_o when_o the_o town_n be_v full_a be_v force_v away_o the_o person_n that_o be_v suitor_n for_o the_o consulship_n be_v call_v candidati_fw-la who_o oftentimes_o use_v extraordinary_a mean_n to_o attain_v the_o same_o this_o move_v pompey_n to_o make_v a_o law_n 701._o that_o no_o man_n shall_v sue_v for_o public_a office_n by_o bribe_n or_o other_o corrupt_a course_n and_o it_o be_v call_v lex_fw-la de_fw-la ambitu_fw-la which_o indeed_o be_v but_o renew_v 7._o for_o the_o same_o be_v set_v on_o foot_n 9_o anno_fw-la urb._n 395._o by_o petilius_n tribune_n of_o the_o people_n and_o renew_v again_o by_o pub._n cornelius_n cethegus_n anno_fw-la 572_o and_o within_o a_o while_n after_o make_v capital_a as_o far_o as_o banishment_n concern_v the_o party_n coponius_n be_v so_o condemn_v have_v buy_v a_o voice_n with_o a_o 12._o amphora_n of_o wine_n the_o law_n which_o pompey_n now_o make_v be_v very_o strict_a as_o 39_o dio_n note_v for_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o upon_o produce_v of_o witness_n the_o process_n shall_v end_v in_o a_o day_n give_v the_o accuser_n two_o hour_n to_o lay_v open_a the_o matter_n and_o the_o defender_n three_o to_o make_v answer_n and_o the_o judgement_n instant_o follow_v the_o rigour_n of_o which_o law_n caesar_n here_o reform_v the_o second_o observation_n the_o second_o thing_n i_o observe_v be_v the_o difficulty_n of_o take_v up_o money_n upon_o credit_n in_o time_n of_o trouble_n or_o war_n which_o caesar_n express_v in_o these_o term_n cum_fw-la fides_fw-la tota_fw-la italia_n esset_fw-la angustior_fw-la in_o regard_n credit_n be_v very_o scant_o throughout_o all_o italy_n the_o word_n fides_n have_v ever_o be_v take_v for_o a_o real_a performance_n of_o any_o promise_n or_o agreement_n side_n which_o tully_n call_v the_o foundation_n of_o justice_n and_o the_o very_a prop_n of_o a_o commonweal_n take_v the_o etymon_n to_o grow_v quia_fw-la siat_a quod_fw-la dictum_fw-la because_o that_o which_o be_v speak_v be_v do_v according_a to_o that_o of_o nonius_n marcellus_n fides_n nomen_fw-la ipsum_fw-la videtur_fw-la habere_fw-la offic_n cum_fw-la sit_fw-la quod_fw-la dicitur_fw-la fides_n seem_v to_o have_v its_o appellation_n when_o that_o be_v do_v which_o be_v speak_v and_o for_o that_o man_n common_o be_v covenant-keeper_n not_o so_o much_o by_o the_o perfection_n of_o their_o nature_n as_o out_o of_o strictness_n of_o law_n it_o fall_v out_o that_o where_o there_o be_v no_o law_n there_o be_v no_o performance_n and_o consequent_o little_a or_o no_o credit_n either_o give_v or_o keep_v in_o time_n of_o war_n because_o silent_a leges_fw-la inter_fw-la arma_fw-la law_n be_v silence_v in_o time_n of_o war_n caesar_n to_o provide_v for_o this_o inconvenience_n appoint_a commissioner_n to_o rate_v every_o man_n land_n and_o possession_n caesar_n as_o they_o be_v value_v before_o the_o war_n and_o to_o satisfy_v the_o creditor_n with_o the_o same_o which_o plutarch_n explain_v in_o this_o manner_n that_o the_o creditor_n shall_v take_v yearly_a two_o part_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o their_o debtor_n until_o such_o time_n as_o they_o have_v pay_v themselves_o &_o that_o the_o debtor_n shall_v have_v the_o other_o three_o to_o live_v withal_o whereof_o it_o seem_v he_o have_v some_o light_n by_o a_o precedent_n in_o the_o consulship_n of_o valerius_n publicola_n which_o be_v extant_a in_o livy_n novi_fw-la consules_a foenebrem_fw-la quoque_fw-la rem_fw-la levare_fw-la aggressi_fw-la 7._o solutionem_fw-la aeris_fw-la alieni_fw-la in_o publicam_fw-la curam_fw-la verterant_fw-la quinque_fw-la viris_fw-la creatis_fw-la quos_fw-la mensarios_fw-la ab_fw-la dispensatione_fw-la pecuniae_fw-la appellarunt_fw-la the_o new_a consul_n intend_v to_o ease_v the_o people_n in_o point_n of_o usury_n make_v the_o payment_n of_o debt_n a_o part_n of_o the_o public_a care_n and_o create_v five_o man_n to_o that_o purpose_n who_o be_v call_v mensarii_fw-la from_o their_o disposal_n of_o those_o money_n this_o general_a acquittance_n for_o debt_n the_o roman_n call_v novae_n tabulae_fw-la in_o this_o respect_n as_o coelius_n rhodiginus_fw-la have_v it_o 7._o quod_fw-la cum_fw-la pecuniae_fw-la creditae_fw-la obaeratis_fw-la condonantur_fw-la novae_fw-la mox_fw-la cooriuntur_fw-la tabulae_fw-la quibus_fw-la nomina_fw-la continentur_fw-la nova_fw-la in_o regard_n that_o when_o the_o debt_n be_v remit_v to_o the_o debtor_n new_a table_n be_v make_v wherein_o new_a name_n be_v put_v and_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o what_o be_v ordinary_a among_o our_o bankrupt_n compound_v for_o so_o much_o in_o the_o pound_n with_o their_o creditor_n upon_o new_a assurance_n and_o other_o security_n which_o they_o call_v novae_n tabulae_fw-la agree_v to_o that_o of_o tully_n tabulae_fw-la vero_fw-la novae_fw-la quid_fw-la habent_fw-la argumenti_fw-la offic._n nisi_fw-la ut_fw-la emas_fw-la mea_fw-la pecunia_fw-la fundum_fw-la eum_fw-la tu_fw-la habeas_fw-la ego_fw-la non_fw-la habeam_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la what_o else_o mean_v these_o new_a table_n but_o that_o you_o shall_v buy_v a_o piece_n of_o ground_n with_o my_o money_n and_o keep_v it_o to_o yourself_o whilst_o i_o go_v without_o my_o money_n concern_v matter_n of_o usury_n which_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o this_o mischief_n tacitus_n note_v it_o as_o a_o old_a and_o deadly_a disease_n causa_fw-la and_o the_o cause_n of_o many_o sedition_n in_o that_o empire_n and_o be_v never_o better_o liken_v then_o to_o the_o bite_n of_o a_o serpent_n call_v a_o aspic_n which_o upon_o the_o infusion_n of_o her_o venom_n put_v the_o patient_n into_o a_o heavy_a slumber_n and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n bring_v all_o a_o man_n substance_n to_o death_n and_o destruction_n 6_o and_o thereupon_o it_o be_v call_v foenus_fw-la à _fw-la foetu_fw-la from_o the_o fertile_a and_o ample_a increase_n of_o money_n for_o as_o basil_n note_v the_o labourer_n lose_v the_o seed_n and_o content_v himself_o with_o the_o fruit_n or_o increase_v but_o the_o usurer_n will_v have_v the_o fruit_n and_o yet_o not_o loose_v the_o seed_n whereby_o there_o must_v needs_o grow_v great_a increase_n the_o law_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n be_v ne_o quis_fw-la unciario_fw-la foenore_fw-la amplius_fw-la exerceto_fw-la that_o no_o man_n for_o the_o future_a take_v upon_o use_v one_o in_o the_o hundred_o the_o high_a rate_n be_v centesima_fw-la usura_fw-la when_o the_o hundred_o part_n of_o the_o principal_n be_v pay_v every_o month_n to_o the_o creditor_n and_o be_v twelve_o per_fw-la cent._n the_o next_o be_v usura_fw-la deunx_fw-la when_o the_o debtor_n pay_v eleven_o in_o the_o hundred_o for_o a_o year_n the_o three_o dextan_n which_o be_v 10_o
allot_v he_o the_o same_o oath_n take_v the_o legate_n be_v second_v by_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o shoulder_n and_o centurion_n and_o by_o all_o the_o army_n that_o take_v the_o like_a oath_n the_o first_o observation_n unum_n est_fw-la tempus_fw-la say_v caesar_n the_o pace_n agendi_fw-la dum_fw-la uterque_fw-la sibi_fw-la confidit_fw-la &_o pares_fw-la ambo_fw-la videntur_fw-la the_o only_a time_n to_o treat_v of_o peace_n be_v whilst_o either_o party_n be_v confident_a of_o his_o strength_n and_o both_o seem_v of_o equal_a might_n and_o power_n which_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o excellent_a rule_n to_o point_v out_o the_o fit_a and_o seasonabl_a time_n for_o composition_n between_o two_o opposite_a party_n for_o as_o in_o quantity_n equality_n beget_v equality_n and_o disparity_n a_o like_a unevennesse_n of_o nature_n so_o in_o other_o thing_n as_o namely_o in_o treaty_n of_o agreement_n the_o condition_n do_v common_o rise_v to_o either_o party_n according_a as_o they_o stand_v balance_v in_o the_o scale_n of_o equality_n or_o otherwise_o as_o the_o difference_n of_o their_o mean_n shall_v allot_v they_o for_o if_o that_o be_v true_a in_o the_o extremity_n 4._o which_o curtius_n have_v that_o law_n be_v give_v by_o conqueror_n and_o accept_v upon_o all_o condition_n by_o they_o that_o be_v subdue_v it_o do_v consequent_o follow_v in_o the_o mean_a that_o man_n find_v deal_v proportionable_a to_o their_o fortune_n timâ—o_n to_o which_o purpose_n be_v that_o of_o plato_n where_o he_o say_v that_o peace_n and_o quietness_n consist_v in_o equality_n as_o trouble_v and_o motion_n be_v always_o in_o inequality_n the_o second_o observation_n it_o appear_v here_o by_o the_o fright_n and_o astonishment_n of_o pompey_n army_n that_o the_o course_n he_o take_v to_o abandon_v italic_a be_v out_o of_o no_o good_a advice_n or_o direction_n for_o whereas_o he_o may_v with_o far_o more_o honour_n and_o no_o less_o hope_n of_o success_n have_v contest_v with_o caesar_n in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o war_n break_v out_o and_o keep_v he_o to_o a_o task_n which_o shall_v have_v hold_v he_o from_o the_o conquest_n of_o spain_n or_o such_o other_o achievement_n as_o he_o easy_o wrought_v in_o the_o absence_n of_o his_o adversary_n it_o fall_v out_o that_o his_o departure_n into_o greece_n sort_v to_o no_o other_o end_n then_o by_o time_n to_o abate_v the_o edge_n of_o the_o forward_a courage_n and_o to_o suffer_v a_o numerous_a army_n to_o be_v daunt_v with_o noise_n and_o clamour_n of_o continual_a victory_n get_v upon_o a_o part_n of_o themselves_o and_o then_o to_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o conqueror_n to_o come_v in_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o fame_n and_o take_v they_o disarm_v of_o expectation_n to_o their_o great_a amazement_n chap._n v._n caesar_n take_v up_o his_o lodging_n for_o winter_n bibulus_n distress_v at_o sea_n for_o want_n of_o provision_n seem_v desirous_a of_o a_o treaty_n which_o be_v carry_v on_o the_o other_o side_n with_o good_a caution_n break_v off_o again_o caesar_n understanding_n that_o his_o passage_n to_o dyrrachium_fw-la be_v thus_o intercept_v caesar_n do_v forbear_v his_o haste_n and_o encamp_v himself_o upon_o the_o river_n apsus_n in_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o apollonian_o that_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o his_o guard_n and_o fort_n such_o city_n as_o have_v well_o deserve_v of_o he_o may_v be_v in_o safety_n and_o there_o determine_v to_o winter_n in_o tent_n of_o skin_n and_o to_o attend_v the_o come_n of_o his_o other_o legion_n out_o of_o italy_n the_o like_a do_v pompey_n pitch_v his_o camp_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n apsus_n and_o there_o assemble_v all_o his_o troop_n and_o foreign_a aid_n calenus_n have_v according_a to_o caesar_n direction_n embark_v the_o legion_n and_o cavalry_n at_o brundisium_n and_o take_v in_o as_o many_o as_o his_o ship_n will_v contain_v he_o set_v sail_v but_o be_v go_v a_o little_a out_o of_o the_o port_n he_o receive_v letter_n of_o advice_n from_o caesar_n that_o all_o the_o havens_n and_o the_o sea-coast_n be_v keep_v with_o the_o enemy_n fleet_n whereupon_o he_o make_v again_o into_o the_o haven_n and_o call_v back_o all_o the_o ship_n only_o one_o hold_v on_o her_o course_n without_o regard_n of_o the_o command_n carry_v no_o soldier_n but_o belong_v to_o private_a man_n arrive_v at_o oricum_n and_o there_o be_v take_v by_o bibulus_n who_o spare_v neither_o bond_n nor_o free_a of_o as_o many_o as_o be_v of_o age_n but_o put_v all_o to_o the_o sword_n whereby_o it_o happen_v that_o in_o a_o moment_n of_o time_n by_o great_a chance_n the_o whole_a army_n be_v save_v bibulus_n as_o be_v before_o declare_v lie_v at_o oricum_n with_o his_o navy_n and_o as_o he_o keep_v the_o sea_n and_o the_o port_n from_o caesar_n so_o be_v he_o keep_v from_o land_v in_o any_o of_o those_o country_n for_o all_o the_o sea-coast_n be_v keep_v by_o guard_n and_o watch_v set_v along_o the_o shore_n that_o he_o can_v neither_o water_n get_v wood_n nor_o bring_v his_o ship_n to_o land_n upon_o any_o occasion_n insomuch_o as_o he_o be_v bring_v into_o great_a straightness_n and_o exigence_n for_o want_v of_o all_o necessary_n and_o be_v constrain_v beside_o all_o other_o provision_n to_o fetch_v his_o water_n and_o wood_n from_o corfu_n and_o one_o time_n among_o the_o rest_n it_o happen_v that_o the_o weather_n be_v foul_a they_o be_v force_v to_o relieve_v themselves_o with_o the_o dew_n which_o in_o the_o night_n time_n fall_v upon_o the_o skin_n that_o cover_v the_o deck_n of_o the_o ship_n all_o which_o extremity_n they_o patient_o endure_v and_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v bring_v to_o leave_v the_o port_n or_o abandon_v the_o sea-coast_n but_o as_o they_o be_v in_o these_o difficulty_n and_o that_o libo_n and_o bibulus_n be_v come_v together_o they_o both_o of_o they_o speak_v from_o a-shipboard_z to_o m._n acilius_n and_o statius_n murcus_n legates_n of_o who_o one_o be_v governor_n of_o the_o town_n and_o the_o other_o have_v the_o charge_n of_o such_o guard_n as_o be_v along_o the_o shore_n signify_v that_o they_o will_v willing_o talk_v with_o caesar_n of_o matter_n of_o great_a consequence_n if_o they_o may_v have_v leave_n for_o a_o better_a show_n and_o assurance_n whereof_o they_o intimate_v something_o concern_v a_o composition_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n they_o earnest_o desire_v there_o may_v be_v a_o truce_n for_o the_o thing_n they_o propound_v import_v matter_n of_o great_a weight_n which_o they_o know_v caesar_n exceed_o affect_v and_o it_o be_v think_v that_o bibulus_n be_v able_a to_o work_v somewhat_o to_o that_o purpose_n caesar_n at_o that_o time_n be_v go_v with_o one_o legion_n to_o take_v in_o some_o town_n far_o off_o and_o to_o set_v a_o course_n for_o provision_n of_o corn_n which_o be_v bring_v spare_o unto_o he_o and_o be_v then_o at_o buthrotum_n opposite_a to_o corfu_n be_v certify_v there_o by_o letter_n from_o acilius_n and_o murcus_n of_o that_o which_o libo_n and_o bibulus_n have_v require_v he_o leave_v the_o legion_n and_o return_v himself_o to_o oricum_n at_o his_o arrival_n thither_o they_o be_v call_v out_o to_o treat_v libo_n come_v forth_o and_o excuse_v bibulus_n for_o that_o he_o be_v exceed_v choleric_a and_o have_v beside_o conceive_v a_o great_a anger_n at_o caesar_n about_o the_o aedility_n and_o praetorship_n and_o in_o regard_n of_o that_o he_o do_v shun_v the_o conference_n lest_o a_o matter_n of_o that_o utility_n and_o importance_n shall_v be_v disturb_v by_o his_o intemperate_a carriage_n pompey_n he_o say_v always_o be_v desirous_a that_o matter_n may_v be_v accord_v and_o that_o arm_n may_v be_v lay_v aside_o but_o they_o of_o themselves_o can_v do_v nothing_o therein_o forasmuch_o as_o by_o the_o general_a resolution_n of_o a_o council_n the_o superintendency_n of_o the_o war_n and_o the_o disposition_n of_o all_o thing_n be_v refer_v to_o pompey_n howbeit_o when_o they_o understand_v what_o caesar_n require_v they_o will_v send_v instant_o a_o dispatch_n unto_o pompey_n and_o be_v a_o mean_n that_o he_o shall_v accomplish_v all_o thing_n with_o good_a satisfaction_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n let_v there_o be_v a_o truce_n and_o until_o a_o answer_n may_v be_v return_v from_o he_o let_v neither_o party_n offend_v one_o another_o to_o this_o he_o add_v somewhat_o concern_v the_o cause_n in_o question_n the_o force_n and_o aid_n to_o which_o caesar_n do_v not_o think_v it_o fit_a at_o that_o time_n to_o make_v any_o answer_n nor_o do_v we_o think_v there_o be_v cause_n now_o to_o make_v mention_n thereof_o caesar_n require_v that_o it_o may_v be_v lawful_a for_o he_o to_o send_v ambassador_n to_o pompey_n without_o danger_n and_o that_o they_o will_v undertake_v that_o such_o as_o he_o send_v may_v be_v well_o entreat_v or_o take_v they_o into_o their_o charge_n and_o
of_o the_o reason_n hear_v express_v by_o caesar_n which_o be_v the_o true_a motive_n of_o undertake_v a_o siege_n the_o first_o be_v draw_v either_o from_o the_o weakness_n of_o a_o enemy_n or_o as_o he_o be_v daunt_v with_o fear_n or_o overcome_v in_o battle_n for_o have_v thereupon_o no_o confidence_n in_o his_o own_o power_n he_o rest_v himself_o in_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o place_n which_o he_o hold_v and_o possess_v which_o give_v his_o adversary_n occasion_n to_o lay_v siege_n unto_o his_o hold_n and_o either_o to_o force_v they_o or_o shut_v they_o up_o like_o woman_n the_o second_o be_v when_o one_o state_n have_v offer_v injury_n to_o another_o which_o always_o import_v loss_n beyond_o that_o which_o stand_v with_o the_o course_n of_o respect_n former_o hold_v between_o they_o for_o revenge_v whereof_o the_o other_o side_n lay_v siege_n to_o some_o of_o their_o town_n to_o repair_v themselves_o by_o take_v in_o the_o same_o and_o three_o the_o final_a cause_n of_o all_o siege_n be_v to_o keep_v a_o enemy_n from_o victual_n and_o other_o manner_n of_o provision_n and_o so_o to_o take_v they_o by_o the_o belly_n when_o they_o can_v take_v they_o by_o the_o ear_n which_o be_v a_o part_n so_o violent_a in_o require_v that_o which_o be_v due_a to_o nature_n as_o it_o have_v make_v the_o father_n and_o the_o son_n fall_v out_o for_o a_o mouse_n as_o it_o happen_v at_o athens_n plâ—taâ—ch_n besiege_v by_o demetrius_n the_o second_o observation_n the_o second_o thing_n worthy_a our_o consideration_n be_v the_o patience_n and_o deportment_n of_o caesar_n soldier_n in_o their_o so_o great_a want_n and_o necessity_n as_o first_o in_o help_v themselves_o with_o this_o root_n call_v chara_n 59_o describe_v by_o dioscorides_n to_o be_v a_o little_a seed_n taste_v somewhat_o like_o anise-seed_n good_a to_o help_v digestion_n and_o have_v such_o a_o root_n as_o a_o caret_fw-la which_o be_v boil_v be_v very_o good_a meat_n and_o be_v the_o same_o which_o our_o physician_n call_v caraway-seed_n est_fw-la wherewith_o they_o serve_v their_o turn_n with_o such_o contentment_n as_o they_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v train_v up_o in_o the_o school_n of_o frugality_n a_o virtue_n worthy_a of_o all_o regard_n and_o the_o only_a mean_n to_o make_v easy_a the_o difficulty_n of_o war_n justin_n be_v as_o necessary_a for_o a_o soldier_n water_n as_o the_o use_n of_o arm_n and_o be_v that_o which_o be_v aim_v at_o in_o the_o answer_n of_o cyrus_n to_o show_v the_o service_n in_o a_o soldier_n diet_n forbeing_n demand_v xenophon_n what_o he_o will_v have_v make_v ready_a for_o supper_n bread_n say_v he_o for_o we_o will_v sup_v at_o the_o fountain_n neither_o have_v it_o be_v thought_n fit_a to_o give_v way_n to_o the_o natural_a looseness_n of_o the_o stomach_n appetite_n upon_o any_o occasion_n but_o to_o use_v the_o like_a moderation_n in_o the_o time_n of_o plenty_n for_o zeno_n take_v the_o answer_n of_o they_o that_o will_v excuse_v their_o liberal_a expense_n by_o their_o ability_n of_o mean_n for_o no_o better_a paâ—ment_n than_o they_o themselves_o will_v have_v take_v the_o excuse_n of_o their_o cook_n for_o put_v too_o much_o salt_n on_o their_o meat_n because_o they_o have_v salt_n enough_o caesar_n punish_v his_o baker_n for_o give_v he_o better_a bread_n than_o his_o soldier_n have_v and_o scipio_n cashier_v a_o couple_n of_o roman_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o carthage_n for_o feast_v a_o friend_n in_o their_o tent_n during_o a_o assault_n which_o austerity_n of_o life_n raise_v the_o roman_n to_o that_o height_n of_o honour_n and_o make_v they_o master_n of_o the_o world_n from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o western_a ocean_n second_o as_o a_o consequent_a of_o this_o contentment_n we_o may_v note_v their_o resolution_n to_o hold_v on_o their_o course_n of_o siege_n purpose_v rather_o to_o eat_v the_o bark_n of_o tree_n agapâ—tus_fw-la then_o to_o suffer_v pompey_n to_o escape_v their_o hand_n it_o be_v a_o excellent_a point_n in_o a_o general_n to_o keep_v himself_o from_o irresolution_n be_v a_o weakness_n of_o ill_a consequence_n and_o not_o unlike_o the_o disease_n of_o the_o stagger_n variable_a uncertain_a and_o without_o bottom_n or_o bind_v whereas_o constancy_n to_o purpose_n produce_v noble_a and_o worthy_a end_n a_o instance_n whereof_o be_v fabius_n maximus_n who_o notwithstanding_o the_o reproach_n and_o scandal_n cast_v upon_o he_o enn._n continue_v firm_a in_o his_o determination_n to_o the_o save_n of_o his_o country_n and_o if_o it_o be_v so_o well_o beseem_v a_o leader_n it_o be_v of_o much_o more_o regard_n in_o the_o soldier_n especial_o consider_v that_o of_o xenophon_n non_fw-la facile_fw-la in_o officio_fw-la potest_fw-la mile_n contineri_fw-la ab_fw-la eo_fw-la qui_fw-la necessaria_fw-la non_fw-la subministrat_fw-la he_o can_v easy_o keep_v his_o soldier_n in_o obedience_n which_o do_v not_o provide_v they_o necessary_n cyropaed_n for_o as_o the_o same_o author_n observe_v in_o another_o place_n nullus_fw-la est_fw-la adâ—o_fw-la fortis_fw-la aut_fw-la validus_fw-la qui_fw-la possit_fw-la adversus_fw-la famem_fw-la aut_fw-la frigus_fw-la pugnando_fw-la militare_fw-la there_o be_v no_o man_n so_o stout_a and_o valorous_a that_o can_v fight_v against_o cold_a and_o hunger_n the_o three_o observation_n among_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o roman_a discipline_n their_o watch_n deserve_v a_o particular_a description_n supply_v in_o the_o army_n the_o office_n of_o the_o natural_a eye_n in_o the_o body_n which_o be_v to_o give_v notice_n of_o any_o approach_a danger_n for_o the_o prevent_n of_o the_o same_o polybius_n have_v leave_v it_o to_o posterity_n in_o this_o manner_n of_o each_o sort_n of_o the_o legionary_a foot_n as_o namely_o the_o hastati_fw-la principes_fw-la and_o triarii_n and_o likewise_o of_o the_o horse_n there_o be_v choose_v one_o out_o of_o the_o ten_o and_o last_o maniple_n that_o be_v make_v free_a from_o watch_n and_o ward_n this_o party_n as_o the_o sun_n begin_v to_o decline_v come_v daily_o to_o the_o tent_n of_o the_o tribune_n and_o there_o have_v give_v he_o a_o little_a tablet_n wherein_o the_o watchword_n be_v write_v which_o tablet_n they_o call_v tessera_fw-la and_o then_o return_v to_o his_o company_n deliver_v it_o to_o the_o centurion_n of_o the_o next_o maniple_n and_o that_o centurion_n to_o the_o next_o and_o so_o in_o order_n until_o it_o come_v to_o the_o first_o and_o chief_a company_n which_o be_v lodge_v next_o unto_o the_o tribune_n and_o by_o the_o centurion_n thereof_o be_v return_v to_o the_o tribune_n before_o sunsetting_a and_o if_o all_o the_o tablet_n be_v bring_v in_o than_o do_v the_o tribune_n know_v the_o word_n be_v give_v to_o all_o if_o any_o want_v they_o make_v inquiry_n and_o by_o the_o note_n of_o inscription_n find_v which_o be_v miss_v they_o punish_v the_o default_n as_o they_o see_v cause_n and_o this_o be_v their_o watchword_n by_o which_o their_o party_n be_v distinguish_v from_o a_o enemy_n and_o in_o likelihood_n for_o polybius_n do_v not_o affirm_v so_o much_o be_v by_o the_o centurion_n give_v to_o such_o of_o his_o maniple_n as_o be_v to_o watch_v that_o night_n their_o night-watche_n be_v thus_o order_v a_o maniple_n or_o company_n be_v always_o appoint_v to_o watch_v at_o the_o general_n pavilion_n the_o treasurer_n have_v three_o watch_n and_o every_o legate_n two_o a_o watch_n consist_v of_o four_o man_n according_a to_o the_o general_a division_n of_o their_o night_n into_o four_o part_n each_o of_o those_o four_o have_v his_o turn_n appoint_v he_o by_o lot_n for_o the_o first_o second_o three_o or_o four_o watch_n and_o the_o rest_n sit_v by_o the_o velite_n keep_v watch_v without_o the_o camp_n and_o the_o decury_n of_o horse_n at_o the_o gate_n beside_o every_o maniple_n have_v private_a watch_n within_o itself_o of_o those_o that_o be_v appoint_v to_o watch_v a_o lieutenant_n of_o each_o maniple_n do_v bring_v to_o the_o tribune_n in_o the_o evening_n such_o as_o be_v to_o keep_v the_o first_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n and_o to_o they_o be_v deliver_v lesser_a tablet_n than_o be_v give_v out_o at_o first_o call_v tesserulae_n appropriate_v to_o every_o particular_a watch_n one_o for_o himself_o and_o three_o other_o for_o his_o fellow_n the_o trust_n of_o giong_a the_o round_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o horseman_n for_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o first_o commander_n of_o horse_n in_o each_o legion_n to_o give_v order_n to_o his_o lieutenant_n to_o appoint_v before_o dinner_n four_o young_a man_n of_o his_o troup_n to_o go_v the_o round_a the_o next_o night_n and_o in_o the_o evening_n to_o acquaint_v the_o next_o commander_n to_o appoint_v rounder_n for_o the_o night_n follow_v these_o horseman_n be_v thus_o appoint_v do_v cast_v lot_n for_o the_o first_o second_o three_o and_o four_o watch_n and_o then_o repair_v to_o the_o tribune_n of_o who_o they_o have_v order_n
narrowness_n of_o the_o place_n and_o from_o their_o own_o disorder_n then_o from_o the_o enemy_n and_o to_o conclude_v they_o do_v not_o remember_v the_o common_a chance_n and_o casualty_n of_o war_n wherein_o oftentimes_o very_o small_a cause_n either_o of_o false_a suspicion_n or_o of_o sudden_a fear_n or_o out_o of_o scruple_n of_o religion_n do_v infer_v great_a and_o heavy_a loss_n as_o often_o as_o either_o by_o the_o negligence_n of_o the_o general_n or_o the_o fault_n of_o a_o tribune_n the_o army_n be_v misorder_a but_o as_o though_o they_o have_v overcome_v by_o true_a force_n of_o their_o prowess_n and_o that_o no_o alteration_n of_o thing_n can_v after_o happen_v they_o magnify_v that_o day_n victory_n by_o letter_n and_o report_n throughout_o the_o whole_a world_n the_o first_o observation_n sometime_o we_o may_v think_v to_o repair_v a_o loss_n and_o thereby_o hazard_v a_o great_a misfortune_n for_o albeit_o the_o say_n be_v common_a that_o a_o man_n must_v seek_v his_o coat_n where_o he_o lose_v it_o as_o dicer_n do_v yet_o there_o be_v always_o more_o certainty_n in_o seek_v sinit_fw-la then_o in_o find_v for_o the_o circle_n of_o humane_a affair_n be_v carry_v round_o in_o a_o course_n do_v not_o suffer_v happiness_n to_o continue_v with_o one_o party_n and_o thereupon_o it_o be_v that_o pittacus_n dedicate_v a_o ladder_n to_o the_o temple_n of_o mitylene_n to_o put_v man_n in_o mind_n of_o their_o condition_n 1._o which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o go_v up_o and_o down_o the_o life_n of_o a_o soldier_n be_v a_o mere_a hermaphrodite_n paneg._n and_o take_v part_n of_o either_o sex_n of_o fortune_n and_o be_v make_v by_o nature_n to_o beget_v happiness_n of_o adversity_n and_o mischance_n of_o good_a hap_n as_o if_o the_o cause_n of_o all_o cause_n by_o intermix_v sweet_a with_o sour_a will_v lead_v we_o to_o his_o providence_n and_o consequent_o to_o himself_o the_o first_o mover_n of_o all_o motion_n the_o diversity_n of_o these_o event_n be_v so_o inchain_v together_o as_o one_o seem_v to_o have_v relation_n to_o the_o other_o for_o this_o task_n admit_v not_o of_o veni_fw-la vidi_fw-la vici_fw-la i_o only_o come_v and_o see_v and_o overcome_v nor_o go_v on_o with_o alexander_n march_v over_o the_o plain_n of_o asia_n without_o rub_n or_o counterbuff_n but_o the_o business_n be_v dispose_v here_o to_o receive_v a_o blow_n and_o there_o to_o gain_v a_o victory_n and_o so_o this_o loss_n at_o dyrraechium_n make_v the_o battle_n at_o pharsalia_n the_o more_o glorious_a and_o beautify_v the_o course_n of_o this_o war_n with_o variety_n of_o chance_n the_o best_a use_n of_o these_o disaster_n be_v that_o which_o câ—oesus_n make_a of_o his_o cross_a fortune_n mei_fw-la casus_fw-la 1._o et_fw-la si_fw-la ingrati_fw-la mihi_fw-la tamen_fw-la extitere_fw-la disciplina_fw-la my_o mishap_n though_o they_o be_v unpleasing_a enough_o yet_o they_o have_v still_o teach_v i_o something_o the_o second_o observation_n as_o the_o mathematics_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o certainty_n do_v admit_v demonstration_n as_o well_o from_o the_o conclusion_n to_o the_o principle_n as_o from_o the_o principle_n to_o the_o conclusion_n so_o in_o the_o action_n of_o man_n life_n it_o be_v not_o hard_a to_o assign_v the_o precedent_a cause_n by_o the_o sequel_n 5._o the_o event_n be_v oftentimes_o a_o understand_a judge_n of_o thing_n that_o be_v past_a and_o although_o it_o do_v no_o where_o appear_v what_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o labienus_n leave_v caesar_n yet_o his_o insolent_a carriage_n towards_o these_o captive_n may_v make_v at_o least_o a_o probable_a conjecture_n that_o his_o revolt_n proceed_v from_o his_o own_o disposition_n rather_o than_o from_o any_o cause_n on_o caesar_n behalf_n for_o where_o a_o man_n have_v once_o do_v a_o injury_n he_o will_v never_o cease_v heap_v one_o wrong_a after_o another_o and_o all_o to_o justify_v his_o first_o error_n whereas_o on_o the_o other_o side_n a_o noble_a spirit_n free_a from_o all_o desert_n will_v demean_v himself_o answerable_a to_o his_o first_o innocency_n chap._n xxv_o caesar_n speak_v to_o the_o soldier_n concern_v this_o mishap_n and_o forsake_v the_o place_n caesar_n be_v drive_v from_o his_o former_a purpose_n caesar_n resolve_v to_o change_v the_o whole_a course_n of_o the_o war_n so_o that_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n omit_v the_o siege_n and_o withdraw_v the_o garrison_n he_o bring_v all_o the_o army_n into_o one_o place_n and_o there_o speak_v unto_o the_o soldier_n exhort_v they_o not_o to_o think_v much_o at_o those_o thing_n that_o have_v happen_v nor_o to_o be_v amuze_v therewith_o but_o to_o counterpoise_v this_o loss_n which_o be_v in_o a_o mediocrity_n with_o many_o happy_a and_o fortunate_a battle_n they_o have_v gain_v let_v they_o thank_v fortune_n that_o they_o have_v take_v italy_n without_o blow_n or_o wound_n that_o they_o have_v quiet_v and_o put_v in_o peace_n both_o the_o province_n of_o spain_n full_a of_o warlike_a man_n and_o direct_v by_o skilful_a and_o practise_a commander_n that_o they_o also_o have_v subdue_v the_o fertile_a border_a province_n and_o likewise_o that_o they_o shall_v remember_v with_o what_o facility_n they_o be_v all_o transport_v in_o safety_n through_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o enemy_n fleet_n not_o only_o the_o havens_n and_o port_n but_o all_o the_o coast_n be_v full_a of_o ship_v if_o all_o thing_n fall_v not_o out_o prosperous_o apo._n fortune_fw-mi be_v to_o be_v help_v by_o their_o industry_n the_o loss_n which_o be_v receive_v may_v be_v attribute_v to_o any_o man_n rather_o than_o unto_o he_o for_o he_o have_v give_v they_o a_o secure_a place_n to_o fight_v in_o have_v possess_v himself_o of_o the_o enemy_n camp_n drive_v they_o out_o and_o overcome_v they_o in_o fight_n but_o whether_o it_o be_v their_o fear_n or_o any_o other_o error_n or_o fortune_n herself_o that_o will_v interrupt_v a_o victory_n already_o gain_v every_o man_n be_v now_o to_o labour_n to_o repair_v the_o damage_n they_o have_v sustain_v with_o their_o valour_n which_o if_o they_o do_v endeavour_v he_o will_v turn_v their_o less_o into_o advantage_n as_o it_o former_o fall_v out_o at_o gergovia_n where_o such_o as_o before_o be_v afraid_a to_o sight_n do_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n offer_v themselves_o to_o battle_n have_v end_v his_o speech_n 〈…〉_z he_o disgrace_v and_o displace_v some_o ensign_n bearer_n the_o army_n thereupon_o conceive_v such_o a_o grief_n of_o the_o blow_n that_o be_v give_v they_o and_o such_o a_o desire_n they_o have_v to_o repair_v their_o dishonour_n that_o no_o man_n need_v the_o command_n either_o of_o a_o tribune_n or_o centurion_n every_o man_n impose_v upon_o himself_o as_o a_o punishment_n for_o his_o late_a fault_n great_a labour_n then_o usual_a and_o withal_o inflame_v with_o a_o earnest_a desire_n of_o fight_v insomuch_o as_o many_o of_o the_o high_a order_n think_v it_o requisite_a to_o continue_v in_o the_o place_n and_o refer_v the_o cause_n to_o a_o battle_n but_o contrariwise_o caesar_n be_v not_o assure_v of_o the_o terrify_a soldier_n and_o think_v it_o expedient_a beside_o to_o interpose_v some_o time_n for_o the_o settle_n of_o their_o mind_n fear_v likewise_o lest_o he_o shall_v be_v straighten_v through_o scarcity_n of_o corn_n upon_o the_o leave_n of_o his_o fortification_n and_o therefore_o without_o any_o far_a delay_n give_v order_n for_o such_o as_o be_v wound_v and_o sick_a assoon_o as_o it_o be_v night_n he_o convey_v all_o the_o carriage_n secret_o out_o of_o the_o camp_n and_o send_v they_o before_o towards_o apollonia_n forbid_v they_o to_o rest_v until_o they_o come_v to_o their_o lodging_n and_o send_v one_o legion_n withal_o to_o convoy_n they_o that_o be_v do_v he_o retain_v two_o legion_n within_o the_o camp_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v lead_v out_o at_o divers_a port_n about_o the_o four_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n he_o send_v the_o same_o way_n and_o after_o a_o little_a pause_n for_o the_o observe_n of_o military_a order_n and_o to_o the_o end_n his_o speedy_a departure_n may_v not_o be_v discover_v he_o command_v they_o to_o take_v up_o the_o cry_n of_o truss_v up_o their_o baggage_n and_o present_o set_v forward_o overtake_v the_o former_a troup_n &_o so_o go_v speedy_o out_o of_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o camp_n pompey_n have_v notice_n of_o his_o purpose_n make_v no_o delay_n to_o follow_v after_o but_o aim_v at_o the_o same_o thing_n either_o to_o take_v they_o encumber_a in_o their_o march_n or_o astonish_v with_o fear_n bring_v forth_o his_o army_n and_o send_v his_o horseman_n before_o to_o stay_v the_o rearward_n but_o caesar_n go_v with_o so_o speedy_a a_o march_n that_o he_o can_v not_o overtake_v they_o until_o he_o come_v to_o the_o river_n genusus_n where_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o high_a and_o uneasy_a bank_n the_o cavalry_n overtake_v the_o tail_n of_o the_o
army_n and_o engage_v they_o in_o fight_n among_o who_o caesar_n oppose_v his_o horseman_n and_o intermingle_v with_o they_o four_o hundred_o expedite_a soldier_n of_o they_o that_o have_v place_n before_o the_o ensign_n who_o so_o much_o prevail_v in_o the_o encounter_n that_o they_o drive_v they_o all_o away_o before_o they_o slay_v many_o of_o they_o and_o return_v themselves_o in_o safety_n to_o their_o troop_n caesar_n have_v make_v a_o just_a day_n march_v according_a to_o his_o first_o determination_n and_o bring_v his_o army_n over_o the_o river_n genusus_n he_o lodge_v in_o his_o old_a camp_n over_o against_o asparagus_n and_o keep_v all_o the_o soldier_n within_o the_o rampire_n command_v the_o horse_n that_o go_v out_o to_o forage_v to_o be_v present_o take_v in_o by_o the_o decumane_a port._n the_o first_o observation_n albeit_o that_o of_o cato_n be_v true_a 14._o that_o a_o error_n in_o â—ight_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o amendment_n yet_o out_o oâ—_n that_o which_o happen_v amiss_o may_v always_o be_v somewhat_o gather_v to_o repair_v the_o disadvantage_n and_o to_o dispose_v a_o party_n to_o better_a carriage_n for_o the_o future_a according_o we_o may_v note_v caesar_n notable_a temper_n and_o demeanour_n after_o so_o great_a a_o loss_n recall_v the_o courage_n of_o his_o soldier_n and_o settle_v their_o mind_n in_o a_o course_n of_o good_a resolution_n with_o as_o many_o valuable_a reason_n as_o humane_a wisdom_n be_v able_a to_o afford_v he_o without_o which_o all_o their_o other_o advantage_n either_o of_o valour_n or_o experience_n and_o use_v of_o arm_n or_o their_o assuredness_n after_o so_o many_o victory_n or_o what_o other_o thing_n soever_o that_o make_v they_o excel_v all_o other_o army_n have_v be_v utter_o bury_v in_o this_o overthrow_n for_o his_o better_a furtherance_n wherein_o he_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o use_v the_o help_n of_o time_n before_o he_o bring_v they_o to_o the_o like_a trial_n for_o that_o which_o be_v say_v of_o grief_n 64._o if_o reason_n will_v not_o give_v a_o end_n unto_o it_o time_n will_v be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o any_o other_o passion_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o can_v possible_o be_v so_o great_a but_o time_n will_v consume_v it_o the_o second_o observation_n the_o second_o thing_n which_o come_v to_o be_v handle_v be_v the_o manner_n of_o caesar_n retreat_n be_v as_o exquisite_a a_o pattern_n in_o this_o kind_n as_o be_v extant_a in_o any_o story_n and_o be_v the_o rather_o to_o be_v consider_v forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o principal_a point_n of_o military_a art_n and_o worthy_a the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o general_n to_o be_v able_a upon_o all_o occasion_n to_o make_v a_o safe_a and_o sure_a retreat_n for_o those_o that_o can_v do_v nothing_o else_o can_v easy_o put_v themselves_o into_o a_o war_n but_o to_o return_v they_o home_o again_o in_o safety_n be_v that_o which_o concern_v the_o honour_n of_o a_o leader_n many_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o may_v move_v a_o commander_n to_o dislodge_v himself_o and_o to_o leave_v his_o adversary_n for_o a_o time_n but_o the_o mean_n to_o do_v it_o safety_n depend_v special_o upon_o these_o two_o point_n the_o one_o be_v to_o advance_v himself_o onward_o at_o first_o as_o far_o as_o possible_o he_o can_v to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v get_v the_o start_n before_o the_o enemy_n be_v ready_a to_o follow_v he_o and_o be_v teach_v by_o xenophon_n who_o after_o the_o death_n of_o cyrus_n in_o the_o battle_n against_o king_n artaxerxes_n bring_v back_o a_o thousand_o man_n into_o greece_n from_o a_o army_n of_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o horse_n that_o press_v hard_o upon_o they_o for_o five_o hundred_o league_n together_o which_o retreat_n be_v exact_o story_v by_o the_o say_a author_n in_o seven_o book_n contain_v all_o the_o difficulty_n concern_v this_o point_n among_o which_o we_o find_v this_o passage_n it_o much_o import_v we_o say_v he_o to_o go_v as_o far_o at_o first_o as_o possible_a we_o can_v 2._o to_o the_o end_n we_o may_v have_v some_o advantage_n of_o space_n before_o the_o enemy_n that_o press_v so_o near_o behind_o for_o if_o we_o once_o get_v before_o and_o can_v outstrip_v they_o for_o a_o day_n journey_n or_o two_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o they_o to_o overtake_v we_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o dare_v not_o follow_v we_o with_o a_o small_a troup_n and_o with_o great_a force_n they_o can_v never_o reach_v we_o beside_o the_o scarcity_n and_o want_n of_o victual_n they_o fall_v into_o by_o follow_v we_o that_o consume_v all_o before_o they_o thus_o far_o go_v xenophon_n and_o according_a to_o this_o rule_n caesar_n order_v his_o retreat_n for_o he_o get_v the_o start_n of_o pompey_n so_o far_o the_o first_o day_n by_o that_o eight_o mile_n he_o gain_v in_o the_o afternoon_n as_o it_o follow_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n that_o he_o be_v never_o able_a to_o overtake_v he_o the_o second_o thing_n for_o the_o assure_v of_o a_o retreat_n be_v so_o to_o provide_v against_o the_o incumberance_n of_o a_o enemy_n that_o he_o may_v not_o find_v it_o easy_a to_o attack_v he_o that_o will_v be_v go_v of_o all_o retreat_n which_o may_v any_o way_n be_v take_v from_o example_n of_o beast_n that_o of_o the_o wolf_n be_v most_o commend_v who_o never_o fly_v but_o with_o his_o head_n turn_v back_o upon_o his_o adversary_n and_o show_v such_o tooth_n as_o be_v not_o to_o be_v trust_v after_o the_o wolf_n manner_n march_v caesar_n for_o howsoever_o the_o body_n of_o his_o army_n retreat_v one_o way_n yet_o they_o turn_v so_o terrible_a a_o countenance_n towards_o the_o enemy_n as_o be_v not_o to_o be_v endure_v and_o upon_o these_o two_o hinge_n be_v turn_v the_o carriage_n of_o a_o skilful_a retreat_n howbeit_o for_o the_o better_a furtherance_n hereof_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v impertinent_a to_o add_v hereunto_o some_o invention_n practise_v by_o great_a commander_n which_o may_v serve_v to_o amuse_v a_o enemy_n while_o a_o general_n do_v prepare_v himself_o to_o observe_v the_o former_a point_n king_n philip_n of_o macedon_n 31._o desirous_a to_o leave_v the_o roman_a army_n send_v a_o herald_n to_o the_o consul_n to_o demand_v a_o cessation_n of_o arm_n while_o he_o bury_v his_o dead_a which_o he_o purpose_v to_o perform_v the_o next_o day_n with_o some_o care_n and_o solemnity_n which_o be_v obtain_v he_o dislodge_v himself_o secret_o that_o night_n and_o be_v get_v far_o on_o his_o way_n before_o the_o roman_n perceive_v it_o hannibal_n 27._o to_o clear_v his_o army_n from_o that_o of_o the_o roman_n which_o be_v command_v by_o the_o consul_n nero_n about_o midnight_n make_v many_o fire_n in_o that_o part_n which_o stand_v next_o the_o roman_a camp_n &_o leave_v certain_a pavilion_n &_o lodging_n with_o some_o few_o numidian_n to_o show_v themselves_o upon_o the_o rampire_n he_o depart_v secret_o towards_o puteolis_n as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v day_n the_o roman_n according_a to_o their_o custom_n approach_v the_o counterscarp_n the_o numidian_n show_v themselves_o and_o then_o sudden_o make_v after_o their_o fellow_n as_o fast_o as_o their_o horse_n can_v carry_v they_o the_o consul_n find_v a_o great_a silence_n in_o the_o camp_n send_v two_o light-horseman_n to_o discover_v the_o matter_n who_o return_v tell_v he_o of_o the_o enemy_n departure_n in_o like_a manner_n civili_fw-la varus_n as_o be_v former_o relate_v leave_v a_o trumpeter_n in_o the_o camp_n near_o utica_n with_o certain_a tent_n and_o about_o midnight_n carry_v his_o army_n secret_o into_o the_o town_n mithridates_n 1._o willing_a to_o leave_v pompey_n that_o cut_v he_o off_o short_a the_o better_a to_o cover_v his_o departure_n make_v show_v of_o make_v great_a provision_n of_o forage_n than_o he_o be_v accustom_v appoint_a conference_n the_o next_o day_n make_v great_a store_n of_o fire_n in_o his_o camp_n and_o then_o in_o the_o night_n escape_v away_o the_o persian_n in_o the_o voyage_n which_o solyman_n the_o turk_n make_v against_o they_o in_o the_o year_n one_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o fifty_o four_o be_v drive_v to_o a_o place_n where_o the_o ottoman_n think_v to_o have_v have_v a_o hand_n upon_o they_o gather_v every_o man_n a_o faggot_n and_o make_v a_o great_a heap_n thereof_o set_v they_o all_o on_o fire_n in_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o turk_n army_n which_o burn_v so_o furious_o as_o the_o persian_a escape_v before_o the_o enemy_n can_v pass_v by_o the_o fire_n chap._n xxvi_o caesar_n go_v on_o in_o his_o retreat_n pompey_n cease_v to_o follow_v he_o in_o like_a manner_n caesar_n pompey_n have_v that_o day_n march_v a_o full_a journey_n betake_v himself_o to_o his_o former_a lodging_n at_o asparagus_n and_o for_o that_o the_o soldier_n be_v not_o trouble_v with_o fortify_v their_o camp_n by_o reason_n all_o the_o work_n be_v whole_a &_o entire_a many_o
other_o at_o rhodes_n for_o as_o many_o as_o flee_v thither_o after_o pompey_n and_o come_v unto_o the_o island_n be_v neither_o receive_v into_o the_o town_n nor_o into_o the_o haven_n but_o be_v command_v by_o messenger_n send_v unto_o they_o to_o depart_v from_o thence_o and_o force_v to_o weigh_v anchor_n against_o their_o will_n and_o now_o the_o fame_n of_o caesar_n come_n be_v spread_v abroad_o throughout_o all_o the_o city_n whereupon_o pompey_n leave_v off_o his_o purpose_n of_o go_v into_o syria_n have_v take_v what_o money_n he_o find_v in_o bank_n beside_o what_o he_o can_v borrow_v of_o his_o private_a friend_n and_o put_v abroad_o great_a store_n of_o brass_n for_o the_o use_n of_o war_n with_o two_o thousand_o arm_a man_n which_o he_o have_v raise_v partly_o out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o partly_o have_v force_v up_o among_o the_o merchant_n and_o such_o other_o of_o his_o follower_n who_o he_o think_v fit_a for_o this_o business_n he_o come_v to_o pelusium_n there_o by_o chance_n be_v king_n ptolemy_n a_o child_n within_o year_n with_o great_a force_n make_v war_n against_o his_o sister_n cleopatra_n who_o a_o few_o month_n before_o by_o mean_n of_o his_o ally_n and_o friend_n he_o have_v thrust_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o cleopatra_n camp_n be_v not_o far_o distant_a from_o he_o pompey_n send_v unto_o he_o that_o in_o regard_n of_o ancient_a hospitality_n and_o the_o amity_n he_o have_v with_o his_o father_n he_o may_v be_v receive_v into_o alexandria_n and_o that_o he_o will_v aid_v and_o support_v he_o with_o his_o wealth_n and_o mean_n be_v now_o fall_v into_o misery_n and_o calamity_n but_o they_o that_o be_v send_v have_v do_v their_o message_n begin_v to_o speak_v liberal_o to_o the_o king_n souldâ—ers_n and_o to_o exhort_v they_o that_o they_o will_v stand_v to_o pompey_n not_o despise_v the_o low_a ebb_n of_o fortune_n he_o be_v bring_v to_o among_o they_o be_v many_o that_o have_v be_v pompey_n soldier_n which_o gabinius_n have_v receive_v out_o of_o his_o army_n in_o syria_n and_o have_v bring_v they_o to_o alexandria_n and_o upon_o the_o end_n of_o the_o war_n have_v leave_v they_o with_o ptolemy_n the_o father_n of_o this_o child_n these_o thing_n be_v know_v such_o as_o have_v the_o procuration_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o the_o minority_n of_o the_o boy_n whether_o they_o be_v induce_v through_o fear_n of_o gain_v the_o army_n as_o afterward_o they_o confess_v whereby_o pompey_n may_v easy_o seize_v upon_o alexandria_n and_o egypt_n or_o whether_o despise_v his_o fortune_n as_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o time_n of_o misery_n a_o man_n friend_n do_v become_v his_o enemy_n do_v give_v a_o good_a answer_n public_o to_o such_o as_o be_v send_v and_o will_v he_o to_o come_v unto_o the_o king_n but_o secret_o plot_v among_o themselves_o send_v achillas_n a_o chief_a commander_n and_o a_o man_n of_o singular_a audacity_n together_o with_o l._n septimius_n tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n to_o kill_v pompey_n they_o giving_z he_o good_a word_n and_o he_o himself_o also_o know_v septimius_n to_o have_v lead_v a_o company_n under_o he_o in_o the_o war_n against_o the_o pâ—rats_n go_v aboard_o a_o little_a bark_n with_o a_o few_o of_o his_o soldier_n and_o there_o be_v slay_v by_o achillas_n and_o septimius_n in_o like_a manner_n l._n lentulus_n be_v apprehend_v by_o commandment_n from_o the_o king_n and_o kill_v in_o prison_n the_o first_o observation_n if_o it_o be_v now_o demand_v where_o be_v caesar_n desire_n of_o peace_n and_o why_o pursue_v he_o not_o a_o treaty_n of_o composition_n at_o this_o time_n when_o as_o his_o tale_n will_v have_v be_v hear_v with_o gladness_n and_o any_o condition_n of_o atonement_n very_o acceptable_a to_o the_o vanquish_a the_o answer_n be_v already_o make_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o commentary_n that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o time_n of_o make_v peace_n &_o that_o be_v when_o both_o party_n be_v equal_a which_o be_v now_o past_a and_o caesar_n too_o far_o go_v to_o look_v back_o upon_o any_o thing_n that_o may_v work_v a_o reconcilement_n the_o one_o be_v creep_v so_o high_a and_o the_o other_o cast_v down_o so_o low_a that_o they_o seem_v not_o compatible_a in_o any_o medium_fw-la although_o it_o be_v to_o the_o save_n of_o the_o empire_n howbeit_o it_o be_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o pompey_n give_v great_a occasion_n of_o these_o war_n polit._n for_o seneca_n say_v he_o have_v bring_v the_o commonwealth_n to_o that_o pass_n that_o it_o can_v not_o long_o stand_v but_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o servitude_n and_o he_o that_o will_v look_v into_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o confusion_n shall_v find_v all_o those_o causae_fw-la corrumpente_n or_o ruine_v cause_n which_o be_v note_v by_o aristotle_n to_o threaten_v the_o welfare_n of_o a_o state_n in_o the_o excess_n of_o pompey_n exorbitancy_n delphos_n for_o have_v nothing_o in_o a_o mean_a he_o hold_v all_o his_o fortune_n by_o the_o tenure_n of_o nimium_fw-la and_o be_v overgrow_v first_o with_o too_o much_o honour_n second_o with_o too_o much_o wealth_n three_o with_o too_o much_o power_n whereby_o he_o exceed_v the_o proportion_n of_o his_o fellow-citizen_n and_o soblemish_v the_o beauty_n of_o that_o state_n who_o chief_a grace_n be_v in_o a_o suit_v equality_n machiav_n and_o add_v to_o these_o the_o convulsion_n of_o fear_n he_o make_v no_o difficulty_n to_o engage_v rome_n in_o a_o bloody_a war_n as_o have_v no_o other_o hope_n but_o in_o the_o confusion_n of_o arms._n it_o be_v say_v that_o at_o his_o arrival_n at_o mitylene_n he_o have_v much_o conference_n with_o cratippus_n who_o tully_n mention_v in_o his_o office_n wherein_o among_o other_o remonstrance_n the_o philosopher_n make_v it_o plain_a that_o his_o course_n of_o government_n have_v bring_v a_o necessity_n of_o change_v that_o state_n from_o the_o liberty_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n to_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o just_a monarchy_n approbart_n and_o such_o it_o sell_v to_o caesar_n fortune_n if_o there_o be_v any_o error_n commit_v in_o the_o seizure_n he_o may_v take_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o general_a pardon_n exemplify_v by_o trebellius_n pollio_n that_o no_o nation_n can_v show_v a_o man_n that_o be_v altogether_o blameless_a the_o second_o observation_n concern_v the_o state_n of_o egypt_n we_o be_v to_o note_v that_o alexander_n the_o great_a be_v cut_v off_o by_o death_n his_o captain_n lay_v hold_v upon_o such_o province_n and_o kingdom_n as_o be_v under_o their_o command_n among_o who_o one_o ptolemeus_a the_o son_n of_o lagus_n a_o macedonian_a seize_v upon_o egypt_n where_o he_o reign_v 40_o year_n and_o of_o he_o be_v all_o his_o successor_n call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o ptolemy_n this_o first_o ptolemy_n possess_v himself_o of_o egypt_n about_o the_o year_n of_o the_o world_n 3640_o which_o be_v 275_o year_n before_o pompey_n overthrow_n his_o son_n that_o succeed_v by_o the_o name_n of_o ptolemy_n philadelphus_n cause_v the_o bible_n to_o be_v translate_v out_o of_o hebrew_n into_o greek_a by_o 70_o interpreter_n which_o be_v call_v the_o septuagint_n and_o make_v the_o famous_a library_n which_o be_v burn_v in_o these_o war_n the_o father_n of_o this_o young_a ptolemy_n be_v the_o nine_o in_o succession_n from_o the_o first_o and_o at_o his_o death_n make_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n tutor_n to_o his_o child_n his_o elder_a son_n and_o cleopatra_n his_o daughter_n reign_v together_o six_o year_n but_o in_o the_o end_n fall_v to_o strife_n and_o war_n and_o be_v deep_o engage_v therein_o when_o pompey_n arrive_v but_o short_o after_o caesar_n so_o order_v the_o difference_n that_o he_o set_v the_o crown_n upon_o cleopatra_n head_n who_o hold_v it_o peaceable_o until_o she_o come_v to_o play_v that_o tragical_a part_n with_o antony_n which_o be_v end_v the_o kingdom_n be_v then_o reduce_v to_o a_o province_n under_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n concern_v this_o miserable_a end_n of_o pompey_n it_o be_v true_o say_v of_o seneca_n 67._o that_o death_n be_v alike_o to_o all_o for_o although_o the_o way_n be_v divers_a by_o which_o it_o happen_v yet_o they_o all_o meet_v in_o the_o same_o end_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o plutarch_n have_v describe_v particular_o the_o manner_n of_o this_o catastrophe_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v impertinent_a to_o insert_v his_o relation_n thereof_o when_o pompey_n hear_v news_n that_o king_n ptolemy_n be_v in_o the_o city_n of_o pelusium_n with_o his_o army_n rompeii_n make_v war_n against_o his_o sister_n he_o go_v thither_o and_o send_v a_o messenger_n before_o unto_o the_o king_n to_o advertise_v he_o of_o his_o arrival_n and_o to_o entreat_v he_o to_o receive_v he_o king_n ptolemy_n be_v then_o but_o a_o young_a man_n insomuch_o that_o one_o photinus_n govern_v all_o the_o whole_a realm_n under_o he_o he_o assemble_v a_o
first_o so_o he_o ask_v he_o what_o be_v he_o that_o be_v dead_a and_o bury_v there_o but_o straight_o fetch_v a_o great_a sigh_n alas_o say_v he_o perhaps_o it_o be_v pompey_n the_o great_a then_o he_o land_v a_o little_a and_o be_v straight_o take_v and_o slay_v this_o be_v the_o end_n of_o pompey_n the_o great_a not_o long_o after_o caesar_n also_o come_v into_o egypt_n that_o be_v in_o great_a war_n where_o pompey_n head_n be_v present_v unto_o he_o but_o he_o turn_v his_o head_n aside_o and_o will_v not_o see_v it_o and_o abhor_v he_o that_o bring_v it_o as_o a_o detestable_a murderer_n then_o take_v his_o ring_n wherewith_o he_o seal_v his_o letter_n whereupon_o be_v grave_v a_o lion_n hold_v a_o sword_n he_o burst_v out_o a_o weep_v achillas_n and_o photinus_n he_o put_v to_o death_n king_n ptolemy_n himself_o also_o be_v overthrow_v in_o battle_n by_o the_o river_n of_o nilus_n vanish_v away_o and_o be_v never_o hear_v of_o after_o theodotus_n the_o rhetorician_n escape_v caesar_n hand_n and_o wander_v up_o and_o down_o egypt_n in_o great_a misery_n despise_v of_o every_o man_n afterward_o marcus_n brutus_n who_o slay_v caesar_n conquer_a asia_n meet_v with_o he_o by_o chance_n and_o put_v he_o to_o all_o the_o torment_n he_o can_v possible_o devise_v at_o the_o length_n slay_v he_o the_o ash_n of_o pompey_n body_n be_v afterward_o bring_v unto_o his_o wife_n cornelia_n who_o bury_v they_o in_o a_o town_n of_o she_o by_o the_o city_n of_o alba._n and_o have_v in_o this_o manner_n pay_v the_o tribute_n which_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n do_v exact_a est_fw-la the_o law_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n do_v free_a his_o sepulchre_n from_o any_o further_a disturbance_n mortalium_fw-la ubi_fw-la corpus_fw-la demortui_fw-la hominis_fw-la condas_fw-la sacer_fw-la esto_fw-la let_v that_o place_n be_v sacred_a â—_o where_o the_o body_n of_o a_o dead_a man_n be_v bury_v only_o this_o may_v be_v add_v 100_o that_o as_o fabius_n be_v call_v maximus_n scipio_n magnus_n and_o pompey_n magnus_n which_o title_n they_o carry_v as_o mark_n of_o special_a nobleness_n to_o raise_v they_o above_o the_o common_a worth_n of_o man_n so_o their_o end_n make_v they_o even_o with_o the_o low_a of_o the_o state_n according_a to_o that_o of_o seneca_n intervallis_fw-la distinguimur_fw-la exitu_fw-la aquamur_fw-la here_o we_o be_v distinguish_v by_o distance_n but_o death_n make_v we_o all_o equal_a chap._n xxxvii_o prodigious_a accident_n happen_v upon_o the_o battle_n in_o pharsalia_n caesar_n come_v into_o egypt_n caesar_n come_v into_o asia_n stile_n find_v t._n ampius_n go_v about_o to_o take_v the_o money_n out_o of_o the_o temple_n of_o diana_n at_o ephesus_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n to_o have_v call_v together_o all_o the_o senator_n that_o be_v in_o the_o province_n that_o he_o may_v use_v they_o as_o witness_n in_o the_o matter_n but_o be_v interrupt_v by_o caesar_n arrival_n he_o flee_v away_o so_o that_o two_o several_a time_n the_o money_n be_v save_v at_o ephesus_n by_o caesar_n mean_n it_o be_v further_o find_v very_o certain_a that_o in_o the_o temple_n of_o minerva_n at_o elis_n a_o just_a calculation_n of_o the_o time_n be_v take_v the_o same_o day_n that_o caesar_n overthrow_v pompey_n the_o image_n of_o victory_n which_o stand_v before_o minerva_n and_o look_v towards_o her_o portraiture_n do_v turn_v itself_o towards_o the_o portall_n and_o the_o temple-gate_n and_o the_o same_o day_n likewise_o there_o be_v such_o a_o noise_n of_o a_o army_n twice_o hear_v at_o antioch_n in_o syria_n and_o such_o sound_n of_o trumpet_n that_o the_o city_n run_v in_o arm_n to_o keep_v the_o wall_n the_o like_a happen_v at_o ptolemais_n and_o likewise_o at_o pergamus_n in_o the_o remote_a and_o hide_a place_n of_o the_o temple_n which_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d into_o which_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o any_o man_n to_o enter_v but_o the_o priest_n be_v bell_n hear_v to_o ring_n beside_o at_o tralles_n in_o the_o temple_n of_o victory_n where_o they_o have_v set_v up_o a_o statue_n to_o caesar_n there_o be_v show_v a_o palmtree_n which_o in_o those_o day_n be_v grow_v from_o between_o the_o joint_n of_o the_o stone_n out_o of_o the_o pavement_n caesar_n stay_v a_o few_o day_n in_o asia_n hear_v that_o pompey_n be_v see_v at_o cyprus_n and_o conjecture_v he_o go_v into_o egypt_n for_o the_o amity_n and_o correspondency_n he_o have_v with_o that_o kingdom_n beside_o other_o opportunity_n of_o the_o place_n he_o come_v to_o alexandria_n with_o two_o legion_n one_o that_o he_o command_v to_o follow_v he_o out_o of_o thessaly_n and_o another_o which_o he_o have_v call_v out_o of_o achaia_n from_o fusius_fw-la a_o legate_n together_o with_o eight_o hundred_o horse_n ten_o galley_n of_o rhodes_n and_o a_o few_o ship_n of_o asia_n in_o these_o legion_n be_v not_o above_o three_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o man_n the_o rest_n be_v either_o wound_v in_o the_o sight_n or_o spend_v with_o travel_n and_o the_o length_n of_o the_o journey_n but_o caesar_n trust_v to_o the_o fame_n of_o his_o great_a exploit_n do_v not_o doubt_v to_o go_v with_o these_o weak_a force_n think_v every_o place_n will_v entertain_v he_o with_o safety_n at_o alexandria_n he_o understand_v of_o pompey_n death_n memphis_n and_o as_o he_o be_v go_v out_o of_o the_o ship_n he_o hear_v a_o clamour_n of_o the_o souldâ—ers_n which_o the_o king_n have_v leave_v to_o keep_v the_o town_n and_o see_v a_o concourse_n of_o people_n gather_v about_o he_o because_o the_o bundle_n of_o rod_n be_v carry_v before_o he_o all_o the_o multitude_n cry_v out_o that_o the_o king_n authority_n be_v diminish_v this_o tumult_n be_v appease_v there_o be_v often_o uproar_n and_o commotion_n of_o the_o people_n for_o every_o day_n after_o and_o many_o soldier_n be_v slay_v in_o divers_a part_n of_o the_o city_n whereupon_o caesar_n give_v order_n for_o other_o legion_n to_o be_v bring_v he_o out_o of_o asia_n which_o he_o raise_v and_o enrol_v of_o pompey_n soldier_n he_o himself_o be_v staâ—ed_v by_o the_o wind_n call_v etesiae_n which_o be_v against_o they_o that_o sail_n from_o alexandria_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o conceive_v that_o if_o the_o controversy_n between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o sister_n do_v appertain_v to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n then_o consequent_o to_o he_o as_o consul_n and_o so_o much_o the_o rather_o it_o concern_v his_o office_n for_o that_o in_o his_o former_a consulship_n there_o be_v a_o league_n make_v by_o the_o decree_n of_o senate_n with_o ptolemey_n the_o father_n in_o regard_n hereof_o he_o signify_v that_o his_o pleasure_n be_v that_o both_o the_o king_n and_o his_o sister_n cleopatra_n shall_v dismiss_v their_o army_n and_o rather_o plead_v their_o cause_n before_o he_o then_o to_o decide_v it_o by_o arm_n there_o be_v at_o that_o time_n one_o photinus_n a_o eunuch_n that_o have_v the_o administration_n of_o the_o kingdom_n during_o the_o minority_n of_o the_o child_n he_o first_o begin_v to_o complain_v among_o his_o friend_n &_o to_o take_v it_o in_o scorn_n that_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v call_v out_o to_o plead_v his_o cause_n and_o afterward_o have_v get_v some_o assistance_n of_o the_o king_n friend_n he_o draw_v the_o army_n secret_o from_o pelusium_n to_o alexandria_n and_o make_v achillas_n former_o mention_v general_n of_o all_o the_o force_n incite_v he_o forward_o as_o well_o by_o his_o own_o promise_n as_o from_o the_o king_n and_o instruct_v he_o by_o letter_n and_o messenger_n what_o he_o will_v have_v do_v ptolemey_n the_o father_n by_o his_o last_o wâ—ll_n and_o testament_n have_v leave_v for_o heir_n the_o elder_a of_o two_o son_n and_o likewise_o the_o elder_a of_o two_o daughter_n and_o for_o the_o confirmation_n thereof_o have_v in_o the_o same_o will_n charge_v and_o require_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n by_o all_o the_o god_n &_o by_o the_o league_n he_o make_v at_o rome_n to_o see_v this_o accomplish_a for_o which_o purpose_n he_o send_v a_o copy_n of_o his_o will_n to_o rome_n to_o be_v keep_v in_o the_o treasury_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o public_a occasion_n that_o admit_v no_o such_o business_n for_o the_o present_a be_v leave_v with_o pompey_n and_o the_o original_a sign_v and_o seal_v up_o be_v bring_v to_o alexandria_n while_o caesar_n be_v handle_v these_o thing_n be_v very_o desirous_a to_o end_v these_o controversy_n by_o arbitrement_n it_o be_v tell_v he_o on_o a_o sudden_a that_o the_o king_n army_n and_o all_o the_o cavalry_n be_v come_v to_o caesar_n force_n be_v not_o such_o that_o he_o dare_v trust_v upon_o they_o to_o hazard_v battle_n without_o the_o town_n only_o it_o remain_v that_o he_o keep_v himself_o in_o such_o place_n as_o be_v most_o fit_a and_o convenient_a for_o he_o within_o
equal_a condition_n which_o happen_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o passage_n and_o a_o few_o of_o each_o side_n be_v slay_v caesar_n take_v in_o such_o place_n as_o be_v most_o convenient_a for_o he_o &_o fortify_v they_o in_o the_o night_n in_o this_o quarter_n of_o the_o town_n be_v contain_v a_o little_a part_n of_o the_o king_n house_n wherein_o he_o himself_o at_o his_o first_o arrival_n be_v appoint_v to_o lodge_v and_o a_o theatre_n join_v to_o the_o house_n which_o be_v in_o stead_n of_o a_o castle_n and_o have_v a_o passage_n to_o the_o port_n and_o to_o other_o part_n of_o road._n the_o day_n follow_v he_o increase_v these_o fortification_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v have_v they_o as_o a_o wall_n against_o the_o enemy_n and_o thereby_o need_v not_o fight_v against_o his_o will_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o young_a daughter_n of_o king_n ptolemey_n hope_v to_o obtain_v the_o crown_n now_o in_o question_n find_v mean_n to_o convey_v herself_o out_o of_o the_o king_n house_n to_o achillas_n and_o both_o joint_o together_o undertake_v the_o manage_n of_o that_o war_n but_o present_o there_o grow_v a_o controversy_n between_o they_o who_o shall_v command_v in_o chief_a which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o great_a largess_n and_o reward_n to_o the_o soldier_n either_o of_o they_o be_v at_o great_a charge_n and_o expense_n to_o gain_v their_o good_a will_n while_o the_o enemy_n be_v busy_v in_o these_o thing_n photinus_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o young_a king_n &_o superintendent_n of_o the_o kingdom_n on_o caesar_n party_n send_v messenger_n to_o achillas_n exhort_v he_o not_o to_o desist_v in_o the_o business_n or_o to_o be_v discourage_v upon_o the_o discover_n and_o apprehension_n of_o which_o messenger_n caesar_n cause_v he_o to_o be_v slay_v and_o these_o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o alexandrian_a war_n observation_n pharus_n be_v a_o little_a island_n in_o the_o sea_n over_o against_o alexandria_n in_o the_o midst_n whereof_o ptolemy_n philadelph_n build_v a_o tower_n of_o a_o exceed_a height_n all_o of_o white_a marble_n it_o contain_v many_o stage_n and_o have_v in_o the_o top_n many_o great_a lantern_n to_o keep_v light_n in_o the_o night_n for_o a_o mark_n to_o such_o as_o be_v at_o sea_n the_o architector_n ingrave_v thereupon_o this_o inscription_n sostrate_v gâ—â—idius_n the_o son_n of_o dexiphanes_n to_o the_o god_n conservator_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o navigatour_n it_o be_v reckon_v for_o one_o of_o the_o seven_o wonder_n of_o the_o world_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v the_o temple_n of_o diana_n at_o ephesus_n the_o second_o be_v the_o sepulchre_n which_o artemisia_n queen_n of_o caria_n make_v for_o her_o husband_n mausolus_n who_o ash_n she_o drink_v the_o three_o be_v the_o colossus_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o rhodes_n the_o four_o be_v the_o wall_n of_o babylon_n the_o five_o be_v the_o pyramid_n of_o egypt_n the_o six_o be_v the_o image_n of_o jupiter_n olympius_n at_o elis_n which_o be_v make_v by_o phidias_n and_o contain_v threescore_o cubit_n in_o height_n and_o be_v all_o of_o ivory_n and_o pure_a gold_n and_o the_o seven_o be_v this_o pharus_n finis_fw-la a_o continuation_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n begin_v where_o caesar_n leave_v and_o deduce_v the_o history_n to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n write_a by_o a._n hirtius_n pansa_n with_o some_o short_a observation_n thereupon_o together_o with_o the_o manner_n of_o our_o modern_a train_n or_o tactick_a practice_n london_n print_v by_o roger_n daniel_n 1655._o the_o eight_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n write_v by_o aulus_n hirtius_n chap._n i._n the_o gall_n raise_v new_a trouble_n in_o divers_a place_n caesar_n scatter_v and_o waste_v the_o bituriges_n and_o after_o that_o the_o carnutes_n after_o that_o all_o gallia_n be_v subdue_v forasmuch_o as_o caesar_n have_v rest_v no_o part_n of_o the_o former_a summer_n from_o war_n he_o be_v desirous_a to_o refiesh_v his_o soldier_n after_o so_o great_a pain_n take_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o winter_n season_n when_o news_n be_v bring_v he_o that_o many_o state_n at_o the_o selfsame_a time_n do_v lay_v their_o head_n together_o again_o about_o war_n and_o make_v conspiracy_n whereof_o there_o be_v report_v a_o very_a likely_a cause_n in_o that_o it_o be_v know_v to_o all_o the_o gall_n that_o there_o can_v not_o any_o power_n so_o great_a be_v assemble_v into_o one_o place_n as_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o withstand_v the_o roman_n neither_o if_o many_o state_n at_o once_o make_v war_n in_o divers_a place_n at_o one_o instant_a can_v the_o army_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n have_v sufficient_a either_o of_o aid_n or_o of_o time_n or_o of_o man_n of_o war_n to_o pursue_v all_o at_o once_o and_o there_o ought_v not_o any_o state_n to_o refuse_v the_o lot_n of_o their_o misfortune_n if_o by_o the_o respite_n thereof_o the_o rest_n may_v set_v themselves_o at_o liberty_n the_o which_o opinion_n to_o the_o intent_n it_o shall_v not_o settle_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o gall_n caesar_n leave_v m._n antonius_n the_o quaestor_n with_o charge_n of_o his_o winter_n garrison_n go_v with_o a_o strong_a company_n of_o horseman_n the_o last_o day_n of_o december_n from_o bibracte_n to_o his_o twelve_o legion_n which_o he_o have_v place_v not_o far_o from_o the_o border_n of_o the_o hedui_n in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o bituriges_n and_o take_v thereunto_o the_o eleven_o legion_n which_o be_v next_o unto_o it_o leave_v two_o cohort_n to_o defend_v his_o stuff_n and_o carriage_n he_o lead_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n into_o the_o most_o plentiful_a field_n of_o the_o bituriges_n the_o which_o be_v a_o large_a country_n and_o full_a of_o town_n can_v not_o be_v keep_v in_o awe_n with_o the_o garrison_n of_o one_o legion_n among_o they_o but_o that_o they_o prepare_v for_o war_n and_o make_v conspiracy_n by_o the_o sudden_a come_n of_o caesar_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v which_o must_v needs_o happen_v to_o such_o as_o be_v unprovided_a and_o scatter_a abroad_o that_o such_o as_o be_v till_v the_o ground_n without_o fear_n be_v surprise_v in_o the_o field_n by_o our_o horseman_n before_o they_o can_v get_v they_o into_o the_o to_n for_o at_o that_o time_n the_o common_a token_n of_o invasion_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v perceive_v by_o burn_v of_o house_n be_v by_o caesar_n commandment_n forbear_v lest_o they_o shall_v either_o want_v forage_n and_o corn_n if_o they_o be_v mind_v to_o make_v any_o further_o ride_v into_o the_o country_n or_o else_o that_o their_o enemy_n for_o fear_n of_o the_o fire_n shall_v convey_v themselves_o out_o of_o the_o way_n after_o that_o many_o thousand_o of_o man_n have_v be_v take_v the_o bituriges_n be_v sore_o afraid_a such_o of_o they_o as_o can_v escape_v out_o of_o the_o roman_n hand_n at_o their_o first_o come_n upon_o confidence_n either_o of_o the_o old_a acquaintance_n and_o familiarity_n that_o have_v be_v private_o between_o they_o by_o reason_n of_o resort_v as_o guest_n one_o to_o another_o or_o of_o their_o mutual_a agreement_n and_o partake_n in_o the_o same_o device_n flee_v into_o the_o next_o city_n but_o all_o be_v in_o vain_a for_o caesar_n by_o great_a journey_n come_v so_o sudden_o upon_o all_o place_n that_o he_o give_v not_o any_o city_n leisure_n to_o think_v of_o the_o safeguard_n of_o other_o folk_n rather_o than_o of_o themselves_o through_o the_o which_o speed_n he_o both_o keep_v his_o friend_n faithful_a unto_o he_o and_o put_v the_o waver_a sort_n in_o such_o fear_n that_o he_o compel_v they_o to_o be_v glad_a to_o receive_v peace_n the_o matter_n stand_v in_o this_o case_n when_o the_o bituriges_n see_v that_o through_o caesar_n gentleness_n there_o be_v yet_o a_o way_n for_o they_o to_o return_v into_o his_o favour_n again_o and_o that_o the_o next_o state_n have_v deliver_v he_o hostage_n and_o be_v thereupon_o receive_v to_o mercy_n without_o further_a punishment_n they_o themselves_o do_v in_o like_o wise_a caesar_n because_o his_o man_n have_v patient_o endure_v so_o great_a travel_n in_o the_o winter_n day_n through_o most_o cumbersome_a way_n in_o intolerable_a cold_a weather_n and_o continue_v most_o resolute_o in_o the_o same_o to_o the_o uttermost_a promise_v to_o give_v to_o his_o soldier_n two_o hundred_o sesterce_n apiece_o and_o to_o the_o captain_n 2000_o apiece_o in_o the_o name_n of_o a_o prey_n &_o so_o send_v his_o legion_n again_o into_o their_o winter_v place_n he_o himself_o return_v to_o bibracte_n the_o fourti_v day_n after_o his_o set_n forth_o there_o as_o he_o be_v minister_a of_o justice_n the_o bituriges_n send_v messenger_n unto_o he_o desire_v help_n against_o the_o carnutes_n who_o they_o complain_v to_o make_v war_n upon_o they_o upon_o the_o receipt_n of_o this_o news_n when_o he_o have_v not_o
chief_a of_o they_o alive_a into_o his_o hand_n among_o who_o be_v surus_n the_o heduan_n a_o man_n of_o great_a valour_n and_o noble_a birth_n who_o alone_o of_o the_o heduan_o have_v unto_o that_o day_n continue_v in_o arm_n against_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n caesar_n know_v thereof_o and_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o see_v his_o affair_n go_v well_o forward_o in_o all_o part_n of_o gallia_n weigh_v with_o himself_o how_o all_o celtica_n and_o belgica_n be_v the_o former_a summer_n conquer_v and_o subdue_v and_o that_o he_o have_v never_o all_o this_o while_n visit_v aquitania_n only_o he_o have_v make_v a_o kind_n of_o entrance_n into_o it_o by_o certain_a victory_n get_v by_o p._n crassus_n he_o march_v thither_o with_o two_o legion_n with_o intent_n to_o bestow_v the_o late_a part_n of_o the_o summer_n there_o which_o thing_n as_o he_o have_v do_v all_o other_o before_n he_o dispatch_v quick_o and_o lucky_o for_o all_o the_o state_n of_o aquitania_n send_v ambassador_n unto_o he_o and_o give_v he_o hostage_n after_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o these_o thing_n he_o go_v to_o narbone_n with_o his_o guard_n of_o horseman_n and_o send_v his_o foot_n into_o their_o wintering-place_n by_o his_o legate_n four_o legion_n he_o place_v in_o belgium_n under_o m._n antonius_n c._n trebonius_n p._n vatinius_n and_o q._n tullius_n legates_n two_o he_o quarter_v among_o the_o heduan_o who_o he_o know_v to_o be_v of_o great_a authority_n in_o all_o gallia_n two_o more_o he_o place_v among_o the_o treviri_n in_o the_o border_n of_o the_o carnutes_n to_o be_v a_o stay_n to_o all_o the_o country_n that_o lie_v upon_o the_o sea-coast_n the_o other_o two_o he_o place_v in_o the_o border_n of_o the_o lemovici_n not_o far_o from_o the_o arverni_n that_o so_o there_o may_v not_o be_v any_o part_n of_o gallia_n without_o a_o army_n after_o he_o have_v tarry_v a_o few_o day_n in_o the_o province_n and_o there_o speedy_o take_v cognizance_n of_o all_o their_o court_n sit_v upon_o public_a controversy_n and_o reward_v such_o as_o have_v deserve_v well_o for_o he_o have_v a_o great_a desire_n to_o understand_v how_o every_o man_n have_v carry_v himself_o towards_o the_o commonweal_n during_o the_o general_a rebellion_n of_o all_o gallia_n which_o he_o have_v bear_v out_o through_o the_o faithfulness_n &_o assistance_n of_o the_o say_a province_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v dispatch_v these_o thing_n he_o return_v to_o his_o legion_n into_o belgium_n and_o winter_v at_o nemetocenna_n chap._n xi_o comius_n of_o arras_n overthrow_v in_o a_o battle_n of_o hrose_n by_o c._n volusenus_n submit_v to_o m._n antonius_n and_o receive_v pardon_n while_o he_o be_v there_o he_o understand_v that_o comius_n of_o arras_n have_v encounter_v with_o his_o cavalry_n for_o antonius_n be_v come_v into_o his_o winter-quarter_n and_o the_o city_n of_o arras_n concontinue_v firm_o loyal_a comius_n who_o after_o his_o wound_n that_o we_o speak_v of_o before_o be_v wont_n still_o to_o be_v ready_a at_o hand_n to_o his_o countryman_n at_o every_o stir_n to_o the_o intent_n that_o if_o they_o will_v begin_v any_o new_a rise_n they_o shall_v not_o want_v a_o head_n and_o a_o captain_n for_o the_o war_n as_o long_o as_o the_o city_n continue_v obedient_a to_o the_o roman_n he_o with_o his_o horseman_n maintain_v himself_o and_o his_o follower_n by_o thieve_v for_o lay_v the_o way_n he_o cut_v off_o many_o convoy_n that_o be_v go_v with_o provision_n to_o the_o roman_a garrison_n c._n volusenus_n quadratus_n the_o general_a of_o the_o horse_n be_v appoint_v to_o winter_n in_o the_o same_o place_n with_o antonius_n he_o do_v antonius_n send_v to_o pursue_v the_o horse_n of_o his_o enemy_n volusenus_n beside_o the_o singular_a valour_n that_o be_v in_o he_o do_v also_o bear_v a_o great_a hatred_n towards_o comius_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n be_v the_o more_o willing_a to_o execute_v the_o thing_n that_o be_v command_v he_o wherefore_o place_v divers_a ambush_n he_o oftentimes_o set_v upon_o comius_n horseman_n and_o put_v they_o to_o the_o worse_o at_o last_o when_o the_o contention_n grow_v more_o vehement_a and_o that_o volusenus_n desirous_a to_o cut_v off_o comius_n himself_o follow_v he_o somewhat_o more_o eager_o with_o a_o small_a party_n and_o comius_n on_o the_o other_o side_n flee_v the_o fast_a away_o thereby_o to_o draw_v he_o far_o from_o his_o company_n at_o length_n espy_v his_o advantage_n comius_n sudden_o cry_v out_o to_o all_o his_o man_n that_o as_o they_o be_v true_a unto_o he_o they_o shall_v stand_v to_o he_o and_o not_o suffer_v the_o wound_n that_o be_v give_v he_o base_o under_o colour_n of_o friendship_n to_o be_v unrevenged_a and_o therewithal_o turn_v his_o horse_n he_o run_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o company_n upon_o volusenus_n all_o his_o horse_n follow_v and_o because_o there_o be_v but_o a_o few_o of_o our_o man_n they_o make_v they_o retreat_n and_o pursue_v they_o comius_n put_v spur_n to_o his_o horse_n encounter_v the_o horse_n of_o quadratus_n &_o with_o his_o spear_n thrust_v volusenus_n by_o great_a violence_n through_o the_o thigh_n when_o our_o horse_n see_v that_o their_o captain_n be_v wound_v they_o bestir_v themselves_o and_o turn_v again_o upon_o the_o enemy_n put_v they_o back_o many_o of_o the_o enemy_n by_o the_o violent_a charge_n of_o our_o man_n be_v beat_v off_o and_o wound_v of_o who_o some_o be_v overthrow_v in_o the_o chase_n and_o some_o be_v take_v prisoner_n as_o comius_n escape_v any_o far_a mishap_n by_o the_o swiftness_n of_o his_o horse_n so_o our_o general_n be_v by_o he_o in_o this_o battle_n sore_o wound_v be_v carry_v into_o the_o camp_n in_o such_o a_o case_n that_o it_o be_v not_o likely_a he_o shall_v have_v live_v and_o comius_n whether_o it_o be_v that_o he_o think_v himself_o sufficient_o revenge_v or_o because_o he_o have_v lose_v a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o man_n send_v messenger_n to_o antonius_n give_v hostage_n and_o assure_v he_o that_o he_o will_v continue_v where_o it_o shall_v please_v he_o to_o appoint_v and_o do_v whatsoever_o he_o shall_v command_v he_o only_o one_o request_n he_o make_v wherein_o he_o beseech_v he_o to_o bear_v with_o his_o fearfulness_n that_o he_o may_v not_o be_v force_v to_o come_v in_o the_o sight_n of_o any_o roman_a which_o request_n antonius_n judge_v to_o proceed_v out_o of_o a_o real_a fear_n and_o not_o without_o good_a cause_n he_o pardon_v he_o according_a to_o his_o desire_n and_o receive_v his_o hostage_n chap._n xii_o while_o caesar_n be_v busy_a in_o quiet_v and_o order_v â—hings_n in_o gallia_n and_o visit_v some_o municipal_a town_n in_o italy_n his_o enemy_n conspire_v against_o he_o at_o rome_n during_o the_o time_n that_o caesar_n winter_v â—in_a belgium_n his_o chief_a purpose_n be_v to_o keep_v the_o state_n in_o amity_n and_o to_o take_v away_o all_o hope_n and_o occasion_n of_o war_n for_o he_o intend_v nothing_o less_o than_o the_o carriage_n of_o his_o business_n so_o as_o he_o shall_v be_v constrain_v to_o have_v war_n at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o departure_n lest_o when_o he_o shall_v withdraw_v his_o army_n he_o shall_v leave_v any_o trouble_n behind_o which_o all_o gallia_n can_v willing_o engage_v in_o so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v without_o present_a danger_n and_o therefore_o by_o entreat_v the_o city_n honourable_o by_o reward_v the_o nobleman_n high_o by_o burden_v the_o country_n with_o no_o new_a imposition_n he_o easy_o keep_v all_o gallia_n which_o now_o be_v tire_v out_o with_o so_o many_o unfortunate_a battle_n in_o quiet_a and_o obedience_n winter_n be_v over_o caesar_z contrary_a to_o his_o custom_n haste_v into_o italy_n with_o as_o much_o expedition_n as_o may_v be_v to_o treat_v with_o the_o municipal_a town_n and_o colony_n and_o to_o commend_v unto_o they_o the_o suit_n of_o his_o quaestor_n m._n antonius_n for_o the_o priesthood_n for_o he_o make_v all_o the_o friend_n for_o he_o he_o can_v both_o because_o the_o same_o antonius_n be_v his_o very_a dear_a friend_n who_o he_o have_v send_v before_o to_o sue_v for_o that_o promotion_n as_o also_o to_o oppose_v the_o faction_n and_o unreasonable_a proceed_n of_o a_o few_o man_n who_o by_o put_v antonius_n beside_o his_o purpose_n seek_v to_o disparage_v caesar_n now_o go_v out_o of_o his_o command_n albeit_o he_o have_v tiding_n by_o the_o way_n before_o he_o come_v near_o italy_n that_o antony_n be_v make_v augur_n yet_o he_o think_v he_o have_v as_o good_a reason_n as_o before_o to_o visit_v the_o municipal_a town_n and_o colony_n both_o to_o give_v they_o thanks_o for_o appear_v in_o the_o business_n and_o for_o their_o civility_n show_v in_o the_o behalf_n of_o antony_n as_o also_o to_o commend_v unto_o they_o his_o own_o case_n touch_v the_o honour_n which_o he_o purpose_v to_o sue_v for_o