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Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A28024	Baconiana, or, Certain genuine remains of Sr. Francis Bacon, Baron of Verulam, and Viscount of St. Albans in arguments civil and moral, natural, medical, theological, and bibliographical now for the first time faithfully published ...	Bacon, Francis, 1561-1626.; Tenison, Thomas, 1636-1715.	1679 (1679)	Wing B269; ESTC R9006	137,175	384

the means of some discreet Divines and the potent Charm of Justice together was cast out neither did this poisonous Adder stop his Ear to these Charms but relented and yeilded to his Trial. Then followed the other Proceedings of Justice against the other Offenders Turnor Helwisse Franklin But all these being but the Organs and Instruments of this Fact the Actors and not the Authors Justice could not have been crowned without this last Act against these great Persons else Weston's Censure or Prediction might have been verified when he said He hoped the small Flies should not be caught and the greater escape Wherein the King being in great straits between the defacing of his Houour and of his Creature hath according as he useth to do chosen the better part reserving always Mercy to himself The time also of Justice hath had its true Motions The time until this Ladies deliverance was due unto Honour Christianity and Humanity in respect of her great Belly The time since was due to another kind of Deliverance too which was that some Causes of Estate which were in the Womb might likewise be brought forth not for matter of Justice but for Reason of State Likewise this last Procrastination of Days had the like weighty Grounds and Causes But my Lords where I speak of a Stage I doubt I hold you upon the Stage too long But before I pray Judgment I pray your Lordships to hear the Kings Papers read that you may see how well the King was inspired and how nobly he carried it that Innocency might not have so much as Aspersion Frances Countess of Somerset hath been indicted and arraigned as accessary before the Fact for the Murder and Impoisonment of Sir Tho. Overbury and hath pleaded guilty and confesseth the Indictment I pray Judgment against the Prisoner The Charge of Sir Francis Bacon his Majesties Attourney General by way of Evidence before the Lord High Steward and the Peers against Robert Earle of Somerset concerning the poisoning of Overbury IT may please your Grace my Lord High Steward of England and you my Lords the Peers You have here before you Robert Earl of Somerset to be tried for his Life concerning the procuring and consenting to the Impoisonment of Sir Thomas Overbury then the King's Prisoner in the Tower of London as an Accessary before the Fact I know your Lordships cannot behold this Nobleman but you must remember his great favour with the King and the great Place that he hath had and born and must be sensible that he is yet of your Number and Body a Peer as you are so as you cannot cut him off from your Body but with grief and therefore that you will expect from us that give in the King's Evidence sound and sufficient matter of Proof to satisfy your Honours and Consciences And for the manner of the Evidence also the King our Master who among his other Vertues excelleth in that Vertue of the Imperial Throne which is Justice hath given us Commandment that we should not expatiate nor make Invectives but materially pursue the Evidence as it conduceth to the Point in question a matter that tho we are glad of so good a Warrant yet we should have done of our selves for far be it from us by any strains of Wit or Art to seek to play Prizes or to blazo● our Names in Blood or to carry the Day otherwise than upon just Grounds We shall carry the Lanthorn of Justice which is the Evidence before your Eyes upright and be able to save it from being put out with any Winds of Evasions or vain Defences that is our part not doubting at all but that this Evidence in it self will carry that force as it shall little need Vantages or Aggravations My Lords The Course which I shall hold in delivering that which I shall say for I love Order is this First I will speak somewhat of the nature and greatness of the Offence which is now to be tried and that the King however he might use this Gentleman heretofore as the Signet upon his Finger to use the Scripture Phrase yet in this Case could not but put him off and deliver him into the hands of Justice Secondly I will use some few words touching the Nature of the Proofs which in such a Case are competent Thirdly I will state the Proofs And lastly I will produce the Proofs either out of the Examinations and Matters in Writing or Witnesses viva voce For the Offence it self it is of Crimes next unto High-Treason the greatest it is the foulest of Fellonies And take this Offence with the Circumstances it hath three Degrees or Stages that it is Murder that it is Murder by Impoisonment that it is Murder committed upon the Kings Prisoner in the Tower I might say that it is Murder under the Colour of Friendship but that is a Circumstance moral I leave that to the Evidence it self For Murder my Lords the first Record of Justice which was in the World was a Judgment upon Murder in the person of Adam's first born Cain And though it were not punished by Death but with Banishment and mark of Ignominy in respect of the primogeniture or of the population of the World or other points of God's secret Will yet it was adjudged and was as I said the first Record of Justice So it appeareth likewise in Scripture that the murder of Abner by Ioab though it were by David respited in respect of great Services past or Reason of State yet it was not forgotten But of this I will say no more It was ever admitted and so ranked in God's own Tables that Murder is of offences between Man and Man next to Treason and Disobedience of Authority which some Divines have referred to the First Table because of the Lieutenancy of God in Princes and Fathers the greatest For Impoisonment I am sorry it should be heard of in this Kingdom It is not nostri generis nec sanguinis It is an Italian Crime fit for the Court of Rome where that Person that intoxicateth the Kings of the Earth with his Cup of Poison in Heretical Doctrine is many times really and materially intoxicated and impoisoned himself But it hath three Circumstances which make it grievous beyond other Murders Whereof the first is That it takes a Man in full Peace in God's and the King's Peace He thinks no harm but is comforting Nature with Refection and Food So that as the Scripture saith His Table is made a Snare The second is That it is easily committed and easily concealed and on the other side hardly prevented and hardly discovered For Murder by violence Princes have Guards and private Men have Houses Attendants and Arms Neither can such Murders be committed but cum sonitu and with some overt and apparent Act that may discover and trace the Offender But for Poison the said Cup it self of Princes will scarce serve in regard of many Poisons that neither discolour nor distast and so passeth

of saying things The Vnderstanding f Nov. Organ l. 1. Aph. 49. p. 44 45. is not only made up of dry Light but it receives an infusion from the Will and Affections And that begets such Sciences as the Heart desireth For a Man soonest believes that which he would have to be true Wherefore he rejects difficult Truths through impatience in inquiring and sober Truths because they restrain his hope or desire and the deeper Natural Truths by reason of Superstition and the Light of Experiments by reason of Arrogance and Pride lest the Mind should seem to be conversant in mean and transitory Things and Paradoxes out of respect to the opinion of the Vulgar In sum the Will seasons and infects the Mind by innumerable Ways and by such as are sometimes not at all perceived Now how think you doth Spinoza shew this opinion to be a gross and fundamental Mistake Why by denying that there is any such thing in Man as a Will as if that general name was ever used to signifie a particular Act and not rather to express the general notion of that Power By telling us that all Volitions are particular Acts and as fatally determin'd by a Chain of Physical Causes as any effects whatsoever of Natural Bodies So that we are like to learn well from his Philosophy how to amend our Erroneous Assent whilst it teacheth us that it is necessary and not to be mended unless Men could have other Bodies and there were another Scheme of Nature It must be confess'd that the Lord I write of was not without Infirmities Intellectual or Moral And the latter of these have made the greater Noise from the greatness of his Fall I do not here pretend to speak of an Angel but of a Man And no Man great in Wit and high in Office can live free from suspicion of both kinds of Errors For that Heat which is instrumental in making a great Wit is apt to disorder the attention of the Mind and the stability of the Temper And High Place because it giveth power to Opportunity though no Athority to offend is ever look'd on with a jealous Eye And corrupt Men who mete by their own Measures think no Man can be Great and Innocent too His Lordship own'd it under his Hand g In his Letter to King James March 25. 1620. In the Cab. that He was frail and did partake of the Abuses of the Times And surely he was a partaker of their Severities also though they proved by accident happy Crosses and Misfortunes Methinks they are resembled by those of Sir George Sommers who being bound by his Employment to another Coast was by Tempest cast upon the Barmudas And there a Shipwrack'd Man made full discovery of a new temperate fruitful Region which none had before inhabited and which Mariners who had only seen its Rocks had esteemed an inaccessible and enchanted Place The great cause of his Suffering is to some a secret I leave them to find it out by his words to King Iames h See Mr. Bushels Extract p. 19. I wish said he that as I am the first so I may be the last of Sacrifices in your Times And when from private Appetite it is resolv'd that a Creature shall be sacrific'd it is easie to pick up sticks enough from any Thicket whither it hath straid to make a Fire to offer it with But whatsoever his Errors were or the causes of his Misfortunes they are over-ballanc'd by his Vertues and will die with Time His Errors were but as some Excrescencies which grow on those Trees that are fit to build the Palaces of Kings For though they are not proper and natural Parts yet they do not very much deprive the Body of its use and value And further to express my self by a more decent Image a Comparison of his own His Fall will be to Posterity but as a little Picture of Night-work remaining amongst the Fair and Excellent Tables of his Acts and Works i Epist to Bishop Andrew● These I distinguish into two kinds His Mechanical Inventions and his Writings I doubt not but his Mechanical Inventions were many But I can call to mind but Three at this time and of them I can give but a very broken Account And for his Instruments and Ways in recovering deserted Mines I can give no account at all though certainly without new Tools and peculiar Inventions he would never have undertaken that new and hazardous Work Of the three Inventions which come now to my Memory the First was an Engine representing the motion of the Planets Of this I can say no more than what I find in his own words in one of his Miscellany Papers in Manuscript The words are these I did once cause to be represented to me by Wires the motion of some Planets in fact as it is without Theories of Orbs c. And it seemed a strange and extravagant Motion One while they moved in Spires forwards another while they did unwind themselves in Spires backwards One while they made larger Circles and higher another while smaller Circles and lower One while they mov'd to the North in their Spires another while to the South c. His Second Invention was a secret Curiosity of Nature whereby to know the Season of every Hour of the Year by a Philosophical Glass placed with a small proportion of Water in a Chamber This Invention I describe in the words of him from whom I had the notice of it Mr. Thomas Bushel k See his Extract p. 17. one of his Lordships Menial Servants a Man skilful in discovering and opening of Mines and famous for his curious Water-Works in Oxfordshire by which he imitated Rain Hail the Rain-bow Thunder and Lightning This secret cannot be that Instrument which we call Vitrum Calendare or the Weather-Glass the Lord Bacon in his Writings l Hist. of life and death p. 22. speaking of that as a thing in ordinary use and commending not Water ‖ In Form● Calid● ● 24. p. 176. Org. but rectifi'd Spirit of Wine in the use of it Nor being an Instrument made with Water is it likely to have shewed changes of the Air with so much exactness as the later Baroscope made with Mercury And yet it should seem to be a secret of high value by the Reward it is said to have procured For the Earl of Essex as he in his Extract pag. 17. reporteth when Mr. Bacon had made a Present of it to him was pleas'd to be very bountiful in his Thanks and bestow upon his Twicknam-Park and its Garden of Paradise as a place for his Studies I confess I have not Faith enough to believe the whole of this Relation And yet I believe the Earl of Essex was extremely Liberal and free even to Profuseness that he was a great lover of Learned Men being in some sort one of them himself m MS. Hist. of Q. Eli● p. 39. and that with singular Patronage he

more hereafter having yet read only the First Book thereof and a few Aphorisms of the Second For it is not a Banquet that Men may superficially taste and put up the rest in their Pockets but in truth a solid Feast which requireth due Mastication Therefore when I have once my self perused the whole I determine to have it read piece by piece at certain Hours in my Domestic College as an Ancient Author For I have learned thus much by it already that we are extremely mistaken in the Computation of Antiquity by searching it backwards because indeed the first Times were the youngest especially in points of Natural Discovery and Experience This Novum Organum containeth in it Instructions concerning a better and more perfect use of Reason in our Inquisitions after things And therefore the Second Title which he gave it was Directions concerning Interpretations of Nature And by this Art he designed a Logick more useful than the Vulgar and an Organon apter to help the Intellectual Powers than that of Aristotle For he proposed here not so much the Invention of Arguments as of Arts and in Demonstration he used Induction more than Contentious Syllogism and in his Induction he did not straightway proceed from a few particular Sensible Notions to the most general of all but raised Axioms by degrees designing the most general Notions for the last place and insisting on such of them as are not merely Notional but coming from Nature do also lead to her This Book containeth Three Parts The Preface the Distribution of the Work of the Great Instauration Aphorisms guiding to the Interpretation of Nature The Preface considereth the present unhappy state of Learning together with Counsels and Advices to advance and improve it To this Preface therefore are to be reduced the Indicia and the Proem in Gruter d Script p. 285. 479. concerning the Interpretation of Nature the First Book de Augmentis Scientiarum which treateth generally of their Dignity and Advancement and his Lordship ' s Cogitata Visa e Pub. by Gruter among the Scripta written by him in Latine without Intention of making them publick in that Form and sent to Dr. Andrews f Ann● 1607. see Resusc. p. 35. as likewise to Sir Thomas Bodely with a desire to receive their Censures and Emendations The latter returned him a free and friendly Judgment of this Work in a large and learned Letter published in the Cabala in the English Tongue and by Gruter in the Latine g Inter Scripta Philos. p. 62. The like perhaps was done by the former though his Answer be not extant To the Distribution belongeth that Latine Fragment in Gruter h Inter Scripta p. 293. called The Delineation and Argument of the Second Part of the Instauration So doth that i Pag. 208. of the Philosophy of Parmenides and Telesius and especially Democritus For as he sheweth in the beginning of that Part he designed first to consider the Learning of which the World was possessed and then to perfect that and that being done to open new Ways to further Discoveries To the Aphorisms is reducible his Letter to Sir Henry Savil touching Helps for the Intellectual Powers written by his Lordship in the English k Reusc p 225 ● Tongue A part of Knowledg then scarce broken l 〈…〉 ● late S●●noza on that Subject Men believing that Nature was here rather to be follow'd than guided by Art and as necessary in his Lordship's Opinion as the grinding and whetting of an Instrument or the quenching it and giving it a stronger Temper Also there belong to this place the Fragment call'd Aphorismi Consilia de Auxiliis mentis And Sententiae Duodecim de Interpretatione Naturae both published by Gruter in the Latine Tongue in which his Lordship wrote them m See Script p. 448 451. In the bringing this Labour to Maturity he used great and deliberate Care insomuch that Dr. n D. R in Life of Lord Bacon Rawley saith he had seen Twelve Copies of it revised Year by Year one after another and every Year alter'd and amended in the Frame thereof till at last it came to the Model in which it was committed to the Press It was like a mighty Pyramid long in its Erection and it will probably be like to it in its Continuance Now he received from many parts beyond the Seas Testimonies touching this Work such as beyond which he could not he saith * In Epi. to Bishop Andrews expect at the first in so abstruse an Argument yet nevertheless he saith again he had just cause to doubt that it flew too high over Mens Heads He purpos'd therefore though he broke the order of Time to draw it down to the sense by some Patterns of Natural Story and Inquisition And so he proceeded to The Third Part of the Instauration which he called the Phaenomena of the Vniverse or the History Natural and Experimental subservient to the building of a true Philosophy This Work consisteth of several Sections The First is his Parasceve or Preparatory to the History Natural and Experimental It is a short Discourse written in Latine by the Author and annexed to the Novum Organum Scientiarum There is delivered in it in Ten Aphorisms the general manner of framing a Natural History After which followeth a Catalogue of particular Histories of Coelestial and Aereal Bodies and of those in the Terrestrial Globe with the Species of them Such as Metals Gems Stones Earths Salts Plants Fishes Fowls Insects Man in his Body and in his Inventions mechanic and liberal A late Pen has travelled in the Translation of this little Description of Natural History and it is extant in the Second Part of the Resuscitation To this Parasceve it is proper to reduce the Fragment of the Abecedarium Naturae and a short Discourse written in Latine by his Lordship and published by Gruter n Se● Ver. 〈◊〉 Phil. p. 323. It being what also its Title shews a Preface to the Phaenomena of the Vniverse or The Natural History Neither do we here unfitly place the Fable of the New Atlantis For it is the Model of a College to be Instituted by some King who philosophizeth for the Interpreting of Nature and the Improving of Arts. His Lordship did it seems think of finishing this Fable by adding to it a Frame of Laws or a kind of Vtopian Commonwealth but he was diverted by his desire of Collecting the Natural History which was first in his esteem This Supplement has been lately made by another Hand o See R. H. contin of N. Atlantis Octo. Lon. 1660. A great and hardy Adventure to finish a Piece after the Lord Verulam's Pencil This Fable of the New Atlantis in the Latine Edition of it and in the Franckfort Collection goeth under the false and absurd Title of Novus Atlas As if his Lordship had alluded to a Person or a Mountain and not to a great

without noise or observation And the last is Because it containeth not only the destruction of the maliced Man but of any other Quis modo tutus erit For many times the Poison is prepared for one and is taken by another So that Men die other Mens Deaths Concidit infelix alieno vulnere and it is as the Psalm calleth it Sagitta nocte volans The Arrow that flies by night it hath no aim or certainty Now for the third Degree of this particular Offence which is that it was committed upon the King's Prisoner who was out of his own Defence and meerly in the King's protection and for whom the King and State was a kind of Respondent it is a thing that aggravates the Fault much For certainly my Lord of Somerset let me tell you this That Sir Tho. Overbury is the first Man that was murdered in the Tower of London since the murder of the two young Princes For the Nature of the Proofs your Lordships must consider that Impoisonment of Offences is the most secret So secret as if in all Cases of Impoisonment you should require Testimony you were as good proclaim Impunity I will put Book-Examples Who could have impeached Livia by Testimony of the impoisoning of the Figs upon the Tree which her Husband was wont for his pleasure to gather with his own hands Who could have impeached Parisatis for the poisoning of one side of the Knife that she carved with and keeping the other side clean so that her self did eat of the same piece of Meat that the Lady did that she did impoison The Cases are infinite and indeed not fit to be spoken of of the secrecy of Impoisonments But wise Triers must take upon them in these secret Cases Solomon's Spirit that where there could be no Witnesses collected the Act by the Affection But yet we are not to come to one Case For that which your Lordships are to try is not the Act of Impoisonment for that is done to your hand all the World by Law is concluded ●●t to say that Overbury was impoisoned by Weston But the Question before you is of the procurement only and of the abetting as the Law termeth it as accessary before the Fact Which abetting is no more but to do or use any Act or Means which may aid or conduce unto the Impoisonment So that it is not the buying or making of the Poison or the preparing or confecting or commixing of it or the giving or sending or laying the Poison that are the only Acts that do amount unto Abetment But if there be any other Act or Means done or used to give the opportunity of Impoisonment or to facilitate the execution of it or to stop or divert any impediments that might hinder it and this be with an intention to accomplish and atchieve the Impoisonment all these are Abetments and Accessaries before the Fact I will put you a familiar Example Allow there be a Conspiracy to murder a Man as he journies by the ways and it be one Man's part to draw him forth to that Journey by invitation or by colour of some business and another takes upon him to disswade some Friend of his whom he had a purpose to take in his Company that he be not too strong to make his defence And another hath the part to go along with him and to hold him in talk till the first blow be given All these my Lords without scruple are Abetters to this Murder though none of them give the Blow nor assist to give the Blow My Lords he is not the Hunter alone that lets slip the Dog upon the Deer but he that lodges the Deer or raises him or puts him out or he that sets a Toyle that he cannot escape or the like But this my Lords little needeth in this present Case where there is such a Chain of Acts of Impoisonment as hath been seldom seen and could hardly have been expected but that Greatness of Fortune maketh commonly Grossness in offending To descend to the Proofs themselves I shall keep this course First I will make a Narrative or Declaration of the Fact it self Secondly I will break and distribute the Proofs as they concern the Prisoner And thirdly according to that distribution I will produce them and read them or use them So that there is nothing that I shall say but your Lordship my Lord of Somerset shall have three thoughts or cogitations to answer it First when I open it you may take your aim Secondly when I distribute it you may prepare your Answers without confusion And lastly when I produce the Witnesses or Examinations themselves you may again ruminate and readvise how to make your defence And this I do the rather because your Memory or Understanding may not be oppressed or overladen with length of Evidence or with confusion of order Nay more when your Lordship shall make your Answers in your time I will put you in mind when cause shall be of your omissions First therefore for the simple Narrative of the Fact Sir Tho. Overbury for a time was known to have had great Interest and great Friendship with my Lord of Somerset both in his meaner Fortunes and after Insomuch as he was a kind of Oracle of Direction unto him and if you will believe his own vaunts being of an insolent Thrasonical disposition he took upon him that the Fortune Reputation and Understanding of this Gentleman who is well known to have had a better Teacher proceeded from his Company and Counsel And this Friendship rested not only in Conversation and Business of Court but likewise in Communication of Secrets of Estate For my Lord of Somerset at that time exercising by his Majesties special favour and trust the Office of the Secretary provisionally did not forbear to acquaint Overbury with the King's Packets of Dispatches from all parts Spain France the Low Countries c. And this not by glimpses or now and then rounding in the Ear for a favour but in a setled manner Packets were sent sometimes opened by my Lord sometimes unbroken unto Overbury who perused them copied registred them made Tables of them as he thought good So that I will undertake the time was when Overbury knew more of the Secrets of State than the Council Table did Nay they were grown to such an inwardness as they made a Play of all the World besides themselves So as they had Ciphers and Iargons for the King the Queen and all the great Men things seldom used but either by Princes and their Embassadours and Ministers or by such as work and practise against or at least upon Princes But understand me my Lord I shall not charge you this day with any Disloyalty only I say this for a foundation That there was a great communication of Secrets between you and Overbury and that it had relation to Matters of Estate and the greatest Causes of this Kingdom But my Lords as it is a principle in Nature that