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A94341 The application of certain histories concerning ambassadours and their functions, by Francis Thynn, Esquire. Taken out of Sir Robert Cottons library. Thynne, Francis, 1545?-1608.; Cotton, Robert, Sir, 1571-1631. 1651 (1651) Wing T1142; Thomason E1403_1; ESTC R3001 34,353 213

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of either part were chosen to be sent to Caius the Emperour Whereof Appion Prince of the Legates for the Alexandrians laied many faults upon the Jewes one of which was this that they did not prosecute the Emperour with Divine honour The chiefe one of the partie of the Jewes was Philo the brother of Alexandor Alabarcha and a skilful Philosopher who preparing to plead the cause of his Nation was repulsed of Caesar and commanded to depart The Emperour scarce for anger abstaining from doing him injurie wherefore he being thus cast out with reproch amongst men fled to the assistance of God and turning to the Jewes his followers said wee must now be of good comfort for when Caius is offended with us God shall work against him for us Leo Bizantius when he was sent Ambassadour to Athens entring into the Assemblie to pacifie a long sedition continuing amongst them provoked laughter to the people for that he appeared so fat in body being furnished with a great paunch or belly but he nothing moved therewith yet knowing the occasion of their jeasting cryed Why doe you laugh to see me thus grosse Assure your selves I have a wife farre fatter than my selfe and yet being such and so monsterous a little bed can hold us being quiet together but being at square and variance the whole house is too little and so went on by this occasion with his Oration inducing the people to concord and quiet Philostratus Ambassadours being dispatched to Pirrhus did come to redeem certain prisoners amongst the which Legates was Caius Fabritius whose fame and name was had in great estimation amongst the Romans being a vertuous man in peace and a noble Souldiour in warre but yet very poor which Cineas declared unto the King Whereupon Pirrhus did privately use him very courteously contending with him to take reward of gold at his hands not for any evill cause but as he said as a pledge of friendship and good entertainment the which Fabritius refusing silence was made thereof for that time The next day to the end he might fear Fabritius who never before had seen an Elephant Pirrhus commanded the great beast as they were in talking to be brought and set behind a skreen which was so done then a sign being given the skreen was removed and the Elephant lifting up his nostrill did hang it over the head of Fabritius sounding up a sharp and terrible noyse whereat Fabritius by little and little turning back said to Pirrhus neither thy gold yesterday nor thy beast to day can move me After at supper when talk was had of the Greeks and of the Philosophers Cineas fell to naming of the Epicures reciting what they thought of the Gods and of the Common-wealth how they placed their chiefest felicitie in pleasure how they avoyded the government of the State as troublesome and hurtfull to good life and how the gods were removed from rewarding from anger and from care of to and over us leading an idle life flowing with all pleasure To whom yet thus speaking Fabritius cryed out O God be these Precepts pleasant to Pirrhus and the Samnites whilest they make warre with us Upon the which Pirrhus marvelling at the mind and gravitie of the man did more earnestly studie by breaking off the wars to joyne friendship with the Romans privately inviting Fabritius if the Peace were performed to remain and live with him offering that he should enjoy the chiefest place amongst his friends and Nobles To whom Fabritius is said to have answered in his eare It will not be for thy profit O King for those that do now worship and follow thee if they had made tryall of me would wish me king to thee With which Pirrhus was no whit offended nor took it with a Tyrannicall mind but did declare to Fabritius friends the noble disposition of the man To whose only credit hee did commit the Captives with this condition that if the Senate did deny Peace after their friends saluted and the Saturnals celebrated to the Gods they should be sent back to him again who in like sort the Festivals ended according to the condition were returned to Pirrhus of whom as many as remained at home the Senate put to execution Plutar in Pirrho Two Legates saith Poggius being sent from the Councell of Constance to Petrus Deluna the false Pope did amongst other bitter chidings and hard speeches which they used together upon the right and title of Pontificialitie after that the Pope had said of himselfe this is the Arke of Noah meaning that all the power of the Apostolique See remained with him answer there were many beasts in the Ark of Noah expressing therby that there were many vices in him the Pope and many wicked men in the Church When Sfortia the great being feared with the weapons and awaites of Paulus Ursinus had departed from Rome and placed his Companie in Algido there came to him from the Pope a Legate the Cardinall of St. Angell being of the familie of Columna and was well received into the Citie To which Cardinall amongst many speeches when he had said Shall Sfortia fear a Beare alluding to Ursinus for Ursus in Latine is a Bear in English When hee shall be in most safetie under a Pillar meaning himselfe discended of Columna which in English signifies a Pillar Sfortia suddenly answered Shall not I seem mad unto thee O Father if whilst in vain I crave aide of a dumb and deaf Pillar that great beast fierce with tooth and nayle making hast oftentimes with the pace of a lively man shall not seem fearfull unto me not unpleasantly noting the absence of the Columnians who were far off and lively depainting the wit of Ursinus Jovius in vita mag Sfortiae with his present strength which was at hand And so my good Lord I knit up this matter with many Ambassadours examples wherein is shewed their wit their government their wise answers their gravitie their magnanimitie policie favour and many other excellent things required in an Ambassadour Of which former examples I shall not need to make any Comment or application to your Lordship who by nature have a ready wit to conceive by experience a sound judgement to understand and by studie a heaped knowledge to judge both my intent in writing them their commendations in speaking them and my friend commoditie in reading them And so to other matter concerning Legats to be confirmed by collected examples found in antient and learned Writers CRAP. 3. Ambassadours that dyed in their Embassie AS you have before heard what good things have been commended in Legates and Ambassadours how they have been rewarded honoured esteemed preferred what privileges what entertainment and how many other good things have been belonging unto them So since there is nothing certain in this world nothing happy on every side but that every commoditie brings its discommoditie these men with all these good matters are subject to as many evils misfortunes losses and hinderances
mind and his Countries benefit And yet hee doing asmuch as wit by nature will give him leave and judgement by experience hath taught him is rather in my opinion to be pardoned for the overthwart successe than to be punished for those defaults which himselfe cannot remedie God having dealt no more liberally with him in imparting great wit learning or experience unto him For in truth if his Legation be not well performed the lack is rather to be imputed to the Prince that would not make better choyce than to the subject that of force must obey or else runne into further inconveniencie of his King whose displeasure saith Solomon is death But because my intent is not in any of these matters fully to say my mind and to utter what reasons I can produce to confirme any such thing depending on the shoulders of Legates but only to warrantize my assertion with authoritie of examples Therefore leaving all other ordinarie proofes I will descend to my former course and only will with one example or two for that I mean not to be tedious and intend but to give your Lordship a taste that many other examples might be vouched thereon display sufficient authoritie in that point In which Ambassadours have been evilly rewarded at their return into their Countrie as followeth Amasis the Legate being sent of King Apris to those people that were revolted afterwards became King of the Revolters upon the which there was another Legate called Paterbenus sent to Amasis who returning without doing any good in the matter was cruelly handled of King Apris Theatrum Vol. 18. li. 4. Alexander the Son of Amyntas King of Macedonia was of Mordonius whom Xerxes had left in Greece to subdue it sent Ambassadour to the Athenians to conclude a Peace between them but he departed without bringing any thing to success whereupon he was afterwards forbidden to come to Athens and so banished the Town Herodot li. 8. In both which examples what cause was there why either Paterbenus of Apris or Alexander of the Athenians should bee so cruelly handled doing what in them lay for when the obstinacie of the other party with whom they must conferre is so much that neither reason can move eloquence perswade gentle usage make willing or threatnings fear to yield unto their Ambassie what shall the poor Legates doe and if they bring not their message to effect they shall be sharply punished at their return as either faithlesse to their Masters or partiall to the enemie For mee thinks I hear some Sycophant flattering the Prince and maligning the Ambassadour either before his going for some private grudge or after his departure for his open honour in that he is advanced to his place of Legation and yet setting his own commoditie thereby doth say that if the matter come not to effect it is by the negligence of the partie Ambassadour who if hee carry not sufficient authoritie to conclude or answer all things done on the adverse part may send home for a larger Commission the which if hee doe not if thereby hee might have brought it to conclusion is to be deemed as a trayterous person to his Prince and Countrie and therefore at his return to be punished The which thing if he doe as I would not excuse it where open and not surmised negligence is found in the cause I say he is worthy therefore of double revenge at his home comming and to receive torment in place of liberalitie reproach for credit losse of life for advancement and dis-inheritance in recompence of his deserved reward And here since now I am fallen into the mention of treacherous Ambassadours it shall not be unfitting in this place to shew what persons to the shame of them and of their posteritie are registred in the everlasting Records of Trayterous Ambassadors towards their Prince and Province CHAP. 10. Trayterous Ambassadours towards their Masters and Princes AS all injuries which tend to the subversion of a Common-wealth are to bee punished because not one Citie but a Province not a part of the body but the whole body not the King alone but the subject is grieved thereby so the same wrong being injustice is not only to be avoyded by all good men as chiefe enemy to vertue but also they are to be hated and sharply punished which contrary to naturall dutie to the Prince to equity to his Countrie to good disposition towards himselfe to vertue to good men and contrary to Justice to all men in matter of trust wherin all truth is to be used do falsly and injuriously betray their Children their Parents their Friends their King their Countrie And as in all men such treason is to be abhorred so especially in Ambassadours who are the doors and gates of the Common-wealth by which Peace or Warre quiet or dissention profit or discōmoditie are brought into the same This vilde fault is most abhorred and worthy to be rewarded with death a thing which in all ages amongst all men in all places and in all matters hath been misliked hated condemned and revenged Because no greater injurie can any wayes be offered than that hee who is in credit with the life with the commoditie with the honour with the state of his Prince or Countrie with the benefit of his friend or familiar should under the colour of assured dutie and friendship overthrow such State or person as giveth such fidelity unto him But what spend I many words to confirm a thing so manifestly known to be evil I will not doe it but by example set out such wicked persons as have wrought against their own head in such a villanous sort as the blott thereof will never be wiped away which examples for he is happy that can beware by the harm of others I have set down as condemning that evill fact in them and as a warning for others to beware which may fall into the like inconveniencie if fear of God discourse of reason duty to the Prince love to his Countrie and fidelity to his friends and Allies do not restrain the evill mind of mens naturall inclination alwayes of it selfe by disposition bent to the worst and ready to yield to his basest part The examples be these Labienus the Legate of Caesar in France having performed great exploits under Caesar at the length in the Civill warres traiterously fled from Caesar to Pompey of whom doth Lucan write Dux fortis in armis Caesareis Labienus erat nunc transfuga vilis The which Historie is more to be seen at large in Volater li. 16. Urban can Amasis as you heard before being the Legate of King Apris who sent him to the Egyptians revolted from him became most traiterously King of the Revolters Ibancus falling from the part of Alexius Angelus Emperour of Constantinople did defend and make strong with Castles the places adjoyning to Mount Hemo for the reconciliation of which Ibancus to become again subject the Emperour did send an Ambassadour Eunuch very