Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	brain_n	part_n	spirit_n	1,451	5	5.2508	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A75461	Anthropologie abstracted: or The idea of humane nature reflected in briefe philosophicall, and anatomicall collections.		1655 (1655)	Wing A3483; Thomason E1589_2; ESTC R8560	65,588	195

a body ought to be corporeall ex iisdem nutriamur ex quibus constamus the materialls of our nutrition must be congenerous to those of our generation but odors are but simple qualities and homogeneous to but one ingredient in our composition we may safely conclude that odors can be no pabulum or aliment proper for the sustentation of compound and solid bodies and willingly resign such aerial pasture to the astomy or people without mouths mentioned by Pliny and after him by our countryman Sr. John Mandevil who was very unfortunate in his travails never to visit Anticyra or to the ofspring of the western wind the Spanish Jennets and must receive what is observed in the refocillation or refection of the sick either in suddain Lypothymies or Hectick languors from gratefull and fragrant Odors and recorded of dying Democritus that with the smel of hort bread only he maintained a three daies siege against death to be meant not of the odors but odorate vapors exhaling from the bread and other odorables Neither is that a true and reall nutrition which is made by the apposition only of an analogous substance but in propriety of language a recreation or refocillation only of the Spirits Concerning the instrument of smelling in a licentious acception Odoratus Organon all men agree upon the Nose but in a more satisfactory and severe the best and most Physicians have determined that the two mamillary processes of the brain are the principall sensorium The Nose is by Anatomie distinguished into the 1. External 1. Nasus euternus and 2. Internal The External to omit the parts of it is in the intention of Nature inservient to a manifold use 1. to the delation of the Aer both into the brain for the generation of Animal and lungs for the material of the vitall spirits 2. to the delation of Odors up to the Papillary protuberances of the brain hence those who have suffered amputation of their Noses fall inevitably into an utter abolishment or great depravment of their smell 3. to the evacuation of the pituitous excrements of the brain 4. to assist the vocall organs in thē formation and melodious articulation of the voice 5. to be the beauty and amiable decor of the face and this certainly was considererd by that white assembly of Saxon Virgins Hinc Virgil. Deiphobi nasi dissectionem vocat vulnus inhonestum Lib. 6 Aeneid whose memory smells sweetly in our English Chronicle who to conserve their consecrated chastity inviolate and unsullied by the violent lust of the insulting Danes gladly embraced the amputation of their noses taking for granted that deformity was the best Antidote against a rape and the greatest deformity the want of a nose The internal nose consists of two parts only 1. the Os Ethmoides 2. Nasus internus Cribriforme or spongy bone 2. the Mammillary Processes of the brain 1. Os Ethmoides The spongy bone is the Velamen or muniment of the two mammillary productions drilled full of slender holes or spongiosities through which the inspired Aer is immediately conveyed to the brain and in which the Aer qualified with Odors undergoes a praerequisite alteration and preparation before it be presented to the prime Organ of smelling which are two long white nervous 2. Processus mammilares princeps odoratus organum productions of the brain situate within in cavity of the scul invested as al other Nerves are with a crasse and thin membrane and derived to the basis of the nose This is a doctrine contemporanie to our reverend Tutor Hippocrates deliver'd Lib. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 thus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The braine doth smell the oder of dry things attracting the same together with the Aer through cartilagineous or grisly pipes that are dry supported by Galen lib. de Odorat Organo 8. de usu Part. and 1. de Sympt Caus. and is demonstrable by two irrefragable arguments used by Laurentius thus Arg. 1 That part is to be accounted the principall and precipuous 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which hath a pecular substance figure and composition witnesse the Aphorism of Galen 6. de Placit Hippocr Platon but the mammillary protuberancies of the brain amongst all parts of the nose have obtained a peculiar nature figure and composition to be found in no other part but the bones Cartilages and membranes are in all parts alike wherefore the principall cause of this action of smelling is to be ascribed to the Mammillary processes Arg. 2 There is no part in the nose alterable by odors but these processes being full of spirits do with facility receive the species of odors and being consubstantiall to the Nerves have a notion of that quality they receive The Medium conducible to Odoration is Aer and Water Medium Odoratus yet neither according to esence but qualification and impraegnation That the Aer infected with an odorate tincture is a medium hath ever been a truth ratified beyond the dubitation of Pyrrhonian infidelity That the water is endowed with the like capacity and perodorable faculty we may with Aristotle Lib. de Hist Animal 4 cap. 8. argue from the vulgar experiment of betraying Fish with perfumed baites CHAP. XI Of the Tast THe irregular sophistry of some from a circumstantial affinity concluding an essential identity from a too strict exposition of that looser line of Aristotle Lib. de sens sensili cap. 2. Gustus est quoddam genus Tactus hath not only started that Zetema or doubt An Gustus sit idem sensus cum potentia quae qualitates tangibiles percipit But with pertinacity maintained the affirmative and confounded this sense with the Touch. But as the inference is unlawfull so is the interpretation unjust rendring in a rigid and absolute sense what was intended in a conditionall and delivered in terms of some latitude For though at first blush the words seem to prove that the Touch is the genus and the Tast but the species or subdivision of it yet to him that shall with severer eyes pry into the deuteroscopy and medullary intention of them will it manifestly appear that Aristotle meant no more then to demonstrate the Gognation and similitude betwixt these two Senses For had the Contents of his thoughts been that the Tast and Touch were not in specie different in probability he would never have said Gustus est tactus quidam but have spared that conditionall particle and in positive and down right termes have said Gustus est tactus Neither can it become our reason to wonder why Arisiotle speaks thus of this sense onely and not of any other since so large an Analogy and resemblance can be made out betwixt no two senses as betwixt this and the Touch for in both there can bee no comprehension without the immediate application of the object on the Sensorium and the contiguity of their extremities and Gustable Qualities in regard of corporeity materiality and terriety so fitly

When we enquire the cause of this dilatation Common and popular Philosophy referrs us to the Animal Spirit and believes that the Apple of one Eye is dilated when the other Eye is closed because of the conflux and congregation of all the visive spirits into the open Eye But this doth not satisfie our scrutiny since though both eyes are open yet wee plainly discover this dilatation and Contraction For according to the annotation of Io. Bap. Porta Lib. 3. de refract cap. 6. and the confession of Hieron Fabricius ab Aquapendente Lib. de vision part 3. c. 6. if we look into the Eyes of any opened against the Sun we cannot but perceive the Pupilla to be so straightly coangustated that there will appear hardly room enough to admit the point of a needle The learned Schegkius in his Book de Spirit Animal teacheth us that the Foramen of the Uvea tunica is ampliated and widened by the Contraction of Muscles in the root of the Eye which immediately invirons the optick Nerve but contracted by the relaxation of the same for the Coates seem terminated in the Extream or root of the Eye And in our approbation this weighs heaviest in the ballance of Truth This admirable constitution of the Uvea occasioneth those three naturall degrees Gradus visionis or graduall differences of our Sight 1. Perfectissimus 1. Visus perfectissimus in indivisibili constitutus when we with the exquisite distinction discern 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 minute atomicall bodies 2. Perfectus 2. perfectus when at a proportionate distance we distinctly see the object but not apprehend the minimum the smallest particle of each 3. Confusus 3. imperfectus when besides those objects which are è directo opposed we also have a confused and glimmering apparition of other placed ad latera on the right or left hand The cause of which difference is thus made out Graduum visus causa since the comprehension of the visible image is made per pyramidem by an acute angle but the Certification is made per Axem by a direct line and onely that perpendicular radius which is called the Axis and is not refracted doth powerfully and distinctly represent the object but all other oblique radij by how much they are nearer unto or removed from the Axis are by so much the more or lesse efficacious and conducible to representation Hence comes it that when the Pupilla is contracted to a smaller circumference onely the direct and perpendicular radius in the visive Pyramid enters to the Center of the Chrystalline or together with it those radij which are nearest to the Axis but when it is dilated many other oblique and refracted beams rush together with the perpēdicular and confuse the vision And the barbarous experiment of * Dyonysius upra carcerem tenibricosum domum extruxit lucidissimam clarissimam calce illitam homines carcere obscuro diu conclusos ex profundis tenebris in lucem splendi-dissimam Educendo occaeavit Dionysius the Sicilian Prodigy hath with learned tyranny confirmed that if the Pupilla when it is dilated be suddainly of Plato's Jubilee apply themselves to every visible hold a voluntary verticity to the object Parvula sic magnum pervisit pupula Coelum And of these ocular Muscles there are in man just so many as there are motions four direct and two circular all situated within the cavity of the scul and accompanying the Optick Nerve and all conjoyning their tendons at the corneous do constitute the namelesse Tunicle so named by Columbus as if it had escaped the observation of the antient Anatomists Galen L. 10. de usu partium cap. 2. 1. Attollens s when in truth it had not the mētion of Galen The first of those implanted in the superior part of the eye and draweth it upward whence it is called Attollens the lifter up and superbus the proud for this we use in haughty and sublime looks The second situated in the inferior part 2. Deprimens is Antagonist to the former and stoops the eye down toward the cheek and from this is called Deprimens the depressor and Humilis the humble Muscle for this position of the eye speaks the dejection and humility of the mind The third seated in the Major Canthus or angle of the eye 3. Adducens and leading it toward the Nose is called Adducens et Bibitorius for in large draughts we often contractit The opponent to this is the Muscle in the minor Angle 4. Abducens which abduceth the eye ad latera therefore called Abducens et indignatorius for when we would look with contempt and indignation we by the contraction of this Muscle hale the eye into an oblique and scornful position If all these four work together the eye is drawn inward fixed and established which kind of motion Physicians call motus Tonicus we in our language the Set or wist-look The fift slender oblique Muscle 5. Obliquus running betwixt the eye and the tendons of the second and third Muscles by the outward angle ascends to the superior part of the eye and inserted neer to the Rainbow circumgyrats the eye downward The last and smallest 6. Trochiea twisted into a long Tendon circumrotates the Eye towards the interior angle and is called the Trochlea Muscle or pully These two circumactors are surnamed Amatorij the Lovers Muscles for these are they that wheele about the Eye in wanton or amorous glances Objectum visus Although our reason embrace for a verity that admits no dubitation that the object of Sight is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Visible in generall whatever submits to the comprehension of the Sight and in particular that the proper and adaequate object of this sence is Colour for nothing is visible but under the gloss and vernish of Colour nay Light it self which some entertein for the second object of vision submits not to the discernment of the Eye quatenus Lux under the notion of its own formality but instar albedinis as it retaines to whitenesse yet when it attempts an established and satisfactory theory of the true nature of Colours it soon runns to a stand and discovers nothing of more certainty then that this jewell the knowledge of the nature of colours is only digged out by the miners after Knowledge but no hand was ever yet so happy as to be constellated to the Exantlation or landings of it 1. For the subtle Genius of Nature Lib de sensu sensili cap. 3. defines Colours to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the extremity of a diaphanum terminated and subjoines that Colours belongs to al things ratione perspicuitatis and that the diaphanum or pellucid body terminated is the subject of Colour For if the perspicuum suffer condensation to the amission of its transparency and so forbid the transmission of the visible species it become colourated and may be said to be