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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A05102	The third volume of the French academie contayning a notable description of the whole world, and of all the principall parts and contents thereof: as namely, of angels both good and euill: of the celestiall spheres, their order and number: of the fixed stars and planets; their light, motion, and influence: of the fower elements, and all things in them, or of them consisting: and first of firie, airie, and watrie meteors or impressions of comets, thunders, lightnings, raines, snow, haile, rainebowes, windes, dewes, frosts, earthquakes, &c. ingendered aboue, in, and vnder the middle or cloudie region of the aire. And likewise of fowles, fishes, beasts, serpents, trees with their fruits and gum; shrubs, herbes, spices, drugs, minerals, precious stones, and other particulars most worthie of all men to be knowen and considered. Written in French by that famous and learned gentleman Peter de la Primaudaye Esquier, Lord of the same place, and of Barree: and Englished by R. Dolman.; Academie françoise. Part 3. English	La Primaudaye, Pierre de, b. ca. 1545.; Dolman, R. (Richard)	1601 (1601)	STC 15240; ESTC S108305	398,876	456

also consider in the sphere fower principall lesser and mooueable circles whereof the two first doe limit out the whole obliquenes of the Zodiacke and the declination thereof from the Equinoctiall as also the conuersions of the Sunne towards it And these circles are nominated Tropickes Of the two tropick● that is turning or conuertiue because they passe by the two Solstists of the Zodiacke That then which passeth by the first point of Cancer which is the Sommer-Solstice is called the Tropicke of Cancer or sommer-Tropick and that which passeth by the first point of Capricorne or winter-solstice is named the winter-Tropicke or Tropicke of Capricorne being therefore one equall to another because they are equally distant from the Equinoctiall For the two other lesser circles Of the two polary circles they are those which be described about the poles of the world by the poles of the zodiack limiting the deuiation or distance of the said poles and for this cause they are called polarie-circles and do retaine the names of the Poles of the world For one is named the North or Arcticke-circle and the other the South or Antarcticke-circle being also equall one to another by the same reason as is vnderstood of the Tropicks And you must note that these said fower lesser circles do diuide the whole sphere into fiue parts or principall regions commonly called Zones whereto as many parts or diuers regions answere vpon the terrestriall globe Of the fiue zones of the world which Zones are different as well in figure and greatnes as also in nature or accidental disposition caused chiefly by the radiation of the sunne The first then of these fiue parts or regions of the sphere is comprehended betweene the two Tropicks diuided by the Equinoctial in the midst for which cause it is the most ample of all the rest The two extremest and smallest are comprised about the poles of the world within the Arcticke and Antarticke circles wherefore the one is called the North and the other the South Zone And the other two are meanes betweene the greatest which is middlemost and the two extremest or least which are about the poles of the world being larger towards the two Tropickes then towards the polary circles which togither are the boūds of them And among these fiue Zones which enuiron the earth some parts of them are become habitable Of the causes which make some parts of the earth habitable and others not and others not by meanes of the diuers effects caused by the sunne For the meane region about the equinoctial is for three causes temperate First because the sun being vnder or about the said Equinoctiall it maketh a greater circuit in the Vniuersall motion of the whole world and runs faster away for which cause his heat maketh not so great impression vpon the earth Secondly because it passeth suddenly from the South to the North part by reason of the transuers disposition of the Zodiacke about the Equinoctiall And thirdly because the daies are there equall with the nights whereby the heate of the one is tempered by the coldnes of the other But about the Tropicks the heat is excessiue in Sommer First because the sunne is then in those stations wherein his shining endureth longer vpon the earth and by reason also that he performeth lesse compasse and passeth slowly away whereby his heat taketh more deepe impression And besides all this the daies are longer then the nights in such sort that the heat of the one surmounteth the cold of the other For the two polarie regions and the circumiacent parts it is manifest that they are far out of the funs way whereof ensueth that by the too much oblique radiation thereof heat is there exceeding feeble and cold great and intollerable Finally in the midst or about the two other foresaide regions betweene the Equinoctiall and poles of the world the disposition of the aire is temperate as well by reason of the commixture of the heate which is about the Tropicks and the cold which is about the polarie circles as bicause of the meane radiation of the sunne that is to say neither too direct nor too oblique So then the middle Zone comprised betweene the two Tropicks is temperate about the midst intemperate through excessiue heate about the extremities thereof whereupon it is in this part called the Torrid-zone bicause the sun doth alwaies turne about it And the two polarie and extreme regions are perpetually intemperate through colde And the two meanes are temperate about the midst and in one extreme thereof intemperate with heate and in the other with cold But thereof followes not that all intemperate places should be inhabitable but onely very hard and difficult to dwell in Hitherto hath our talke been concerning the principall and mooueable circles of the sphere Of immooueable circles and first of the Horizon now let vs intreate of the immooueable Euen then as the Zodiack Equinoctiall are the two chiefest amongst the mooueable circles so are the Horizon and Meridian amongst the immooueable By the Horizon is meant a great circle imagined in heauen which diuideth that halfe of heauen which is seene from that halfe which is not seene that is which parteth the Hemisphere vnder vs from that which is aboue vs. And to this same circle one of the poles is alwaies the verticall point and the other pole is the point opposite Wherefore by how much each place hath his point higher by so much doth the Horizon of each place differ for there are so many Horizons as there be particular places And therfore the Horizon of those which haue the verticall point that is the point which is right ouer head vnder the Equinoctiall is named the right Horizon bicause it must needes passe by the poles of the world and diuideth the Equinoctiall at right angles one equall to another Whereupon it is also called a right sphere bicause it seemeth to bee rightly placed in respect of that Horizon and the starres to make their motion directly by the vniuersall motion of the sphere But the Horizon of those whose zenith is out of the Equinoctiall towards the one or other pole of the world is called oblique bicause that one of the poles to wit that which the verticall point is next to is eleuated aboue the said Horizon and the other pole is so much depressed vnder the same which for this occasion doth diuide the Equinoctiall at oblique angles vnequal one to another Wherefore also the sphere is said to be oblique bicause it is obliquely placed in respect of the said Horizon and the starres turne obliquely in the vniuersall motion And therefore it is euident that all direct Horizons are of one selfesame disposition but amongst the oblique there are as many differences of obliquitie as are distances betweene the verticall point and the Equinoctiall or as the eleuation of the pole is diuers aboue them For the Meridian it is a great circle

in the principles and first causes of the subiect which he desireth to know contrariwise hauing well knowne them the vnderstanding of the effects which thereupon ensue of the vertues and qualities which thereby redound of the actions which therof proceed of the degrees which therein are established of the bounds and limits whereto these first causes tend to obtaine their perfection declareth it selfe as of it owne accord without great difficultie and much paine This was the cause why many sages in old time despising the care of temporall affaires addicted themselues altogether to search out the cause of all nature so that the most excellent of them would boldly discourse of the originall and making of the world But the saying of Plato remaining euer true that it is as hard to finde out the maker and father of this All as to speake properly of him being found out it so falleth out that the most part of them who haue entreated of so loftie a matter haue erred straying by diuers by-waies yea euen all those whom the Son of Iustice hath not fully illuminated with his supreme brightnes Thereupon it proceeded that the philosophers haue beene diuided into diuers and contrarie opinions about this question whether the world hath beene from euerlasting or whether it hath beene of late whether of necessitie or else by the free will and motion of God Aristotle with all the troupe of those Diuers opinions of the Philosophers in th●● argument of the being of the world who beleeue nothing but that which they can inuent and comprise by naturall reasons and syllogismes taken from sensible things which guide them to a certaine demonstration not being able thereby to vnderstand how and wherefore heauen earth haue beene created affirme that they were neuer made but that they haue beene from eternitie But Plato followed of a great number of the most cleere-sighted wisemen hath confessed the generation of the world which he teacheth to be ordered and disposed by compleat and perfect numbers vnder the vaile of which the obscure notes of hidden sense it seemeth that he would hide the close mysteries of the creation of the vniuers to those which were not yet instructed in such secrets which onely may be comprehended by a pure and celestiall cogitation diuinely infused For let vs know that there is no certaintie at all of this doctrine except for those to whom the minde by a special and supernaturall grace is sharp being fashioned and formed by meditation of the immutable substance of God himselfe and by a secret operation of the holy Ghost to beleeue that it is the Eternall who by his word hath made all nature For so the Soueraigne Creator talketh with man and establisheth a certaine testimonie of his truth in the heart of him when he hath made him proper and meet to heare him with the best and most excellent part of his vnderstanding in regard whereof he is said to be made according to his owne image But although these things may be knowne being nor far remote from our interiour How the creation of the world may be belieued or exteriour senses yea so that they may be called present and whereof no doubt is to bee made especially being supported by authoritie of good witnesses yet those things which surpasse the ordinarie puissance of the minde because by our owne iudgement we cannot credit them must be considered and beleeued according to that couenant of verities which they announce vnto vs who haue known thē by our vnderstanding peaceful and duely purged so that we may adde faith to such holy personages as God hath made capable of his light and which instruct vs not in the things which they haue imagined but in such as they haue heard receiued from diuine oracles It is then of their authoritie that he must make a buckler whosoeuer will meetly debate of God and of his workes and of his prouidence in the gouernance of them And when the wings of Nature faile vs in so loftie a contemplation we must take to vs those of diuine grace and when the naturall light fadeth and is readie to die to require an infused and supernaturall illumination The world is greatest of all things visible and God of all things inuisible That the world is we perceiue but that God is we beleeue Now that he hath made the world we can better beleeue of no bodie then of God himselfe But where haue we heard that In his word whereto we must giue credit concerning those things whereof it is expedient that we should not be ignorant and which we of our selues are not able to vnderstand Now he hath spoken first by his prophets then by himselfe in the person of our Redeemer and lastly by the Apostles and disciples We heare him speaking aloude where Moses the father of diuines Genes 1. and master of Philosophers saith In the beginning God created the heauen and the earth The prophet was not there present but the wisedome of God by which al things were made and which by an incomprehensible vertue conueieth it selfe into holy minds and doth direct them and declare all his works without any noyse at all by his spirit which can doe all beholdeth all encourageth all and passeth through all purified spirits of vnderstanding and abideth in his elect And the blessed Angels who alwaies behold the face of their father speake to them also and announce the secrets of the eternal Maiestie to all them I say in such sort as it pleaseth the Omnipotent to make them worthie One of these was Moses who teacheth vs that God almightie made this great Vniuers A witnesse so excellent and worthy that by him we must belieue in God whom we perceiue as it were through the same wisedome and spirit which reuealed vnto him the creation of the world who prophecied almost two thousand yeeres before of the high-mysteries of Christian faith confirming also his whole doctrine by miracles prodigies oracles and prophecies wherewith all his writings abound And therefore hauing confidence in his testimonie we call God Creator of all things thereby inferring that he is author principall and first cause of all essences which cause by manner of speech ought to be full of all things if this Maxime of the Peripatetickes be true That none can giue away of that which he hath not And therefore the Poet the honor of our age very learnedly saith Ere time forme substance place to be themselues attained Du Bartas in the 1. of his weekes All God in all things was and God in all remained For there is nothing produced by nature or formed by arte but first it hath abiding in that which performeth it So euerie creature is engendred by vertue of that seede wherein it was at first by power included so each worke liueth in the minde of the workeman before he puts it in practise So had the worlde perfect being in the thought of God before it was

men may expect for good or euill Now I could in this present matter concerning the influence of celestiall bodies vpon men produce the testimonies of the most renowmed amongst the ancient diuines against those who attribute so much vertue to the starres but bicause the authoritie of a Christian is of no value with the Atheists and superstitious which are willingly the greatest idolaters of nature I will bring them the proofe of strangers yea of those who first gaue the precepts of pronogstications by which they may easily finde their teachings thwarted by themselues and to haue beene left otherwise by them then the troupe of their followers doe suppose Let them reade the text of Ptolemie prince of Astronomers Many things to be consydered in horoscopes in the beginning of his Apotelesmes which is as much to say as the effects referred to the natiuitie-hower there shall they see that he attributeth this to the starres that to the maner of the birth something to the seed of the parents one thing to the diet another to the place another to the orders So that very little resteth in the planets And the author concludeth his speech in this sort As we commend phisitions who search out the originall of the disease and the causes in diuers fashions so must not we be despised if to iudge vpon the infant borne we inquire of the region of the birth diet manners and other occurrences And in his booke entituled Alarba he saith That oftentimes such accidents meete in the infant borne that he cannot receiue the celestiall influence sometimes very little and sometimes much which many are ignorant of How then can any by the starres onely determine of that which must happen to man from the hower of his birth as infinite many doe beleeue But bicause some who are abused by this iudiciall science doe willingly reply that Astrologians prognosticators do oft foretell many things which are afterward found true I desire that we may examine their reason which ASER I leaue to you to discouer Of the truth which is found in prognostications of Astrologers and how the starres are appointed by God for signes and that from their influences no euill proceedeth Chapter 29. ASER. WHo diligently should marke in predictions astrological prognostications the falshoods and truthes which therein are found I doubt not but he should perceiue these much more rare then the other But people doe commonly take so great delight to be deceiued that it sufficeth them if they be once told truth for a thousand times wherein they haue beene foretold lies And God knoweth how the professors of this arte doe aduaunce that point as much as they can and doe dissemble in all others whereby their leasings may be discouered And when they will most floute fooles they vse ambiguous and obscure manners of speech like the answeres which long agoe the diuell made by oracles both of Apollo and other pagan-idols For such kinde of speech is fit to strike the ignorant in a dumpe who though they vnderstand not the prognosticators speech yet according as things come to passe they will expound them to their minde and chiefly when among many things some one doth stumble vpō some like apparance with that prediction although the astrologer speakes at aduenture and sometimes vnderstands not himselfe yet this is certaine and is daily seene by experience that indeede the most cunning in this science foretell many things which are after found true And this may happen chiefly in three manners The first is How astrologers may foretell a truth when they containe themselues within the bounds of Astrologie and will prognosticate nothing but whereof they foresee the causes most manifest in nature as in eclipses of the Sun moone the changes thereof in the courses of the planets their aspects and dispositions and such like naturall inclinations the knowledge whereof they may by their arte attaine vnto But when they passe farther it happens to them which is sometimes seene in bad archers and bowmen who though they take their aime badly neither yet draw right may neuerthelesse shoote so often that by great chance one or other may hit the white But this comes not often for if one should reckon the badde shoots they would bee exceeding fewe that had hit in respect of the rest And in this sort haue we in the beginning of our speech ment concerning the copious and ambigious manner of Astrologers writings and speeches very proper for their intention Finally God in his secret and most iust iudgement doth many times permit that the things foretold by such deceiuers do oftentimes succeed to the intent to punish the curiositie and vanitie of men as it commonly falleth out and hath in old time beene knowne by the oracles of diuels and by the predictions and diuinations of Necromancers and inuocators vpon euill spirits For they who rather beleeue such inuentious of the diuell then the true and sacred word of God deserue to be holden in error by the euents which they expect whē they trust to the father of lying to the end that they may afterward receiue their due and condemnation So came it to Saul when he went to the witch 1. Sam. 28. to vnderstand the issue and euent of the Philistims warre against him For hee heard that which he desired not to know and that which was prophecied to him came to passe Thus in three manners do we pereciue that Astrologers may oftentimes prognosticate the truth But because some suppose to haue a very good foundation for iudiciall Astrologie in so much as Moses saith speaking of the creation of the sunne and Moone and starres Genes 1. that God set them for signes I would desire them to consider that the Prophet expoundeth himselfe in these words And God said Let there be lights in the firmament of heauen How the stars are giuen vs for signes to separate the day from the night and let them be for signes and for seasons and for daies and for yeeres And let them be for lights in the firmament of the heauen to giue light vpon the earth Heereby it is apparent to vs that God created the planets to distribute the light and to distinguish and signifie vnto vs by certaine signes the times seasons yeeres moneths daies and nights for all politicall publike and priuate order For it is most necessarie that men should direct themselues according to times and seasons But although the starres were giuen vs for signes in this respect and that after the deluge they were in that estate reordained by GOD yet must wee abstaine from superstition too much curiositie which abuseth many in Astrologie as is abouesaid and which often occasioneth that they not being able to prognosticate vpon euery cause apparently by the starres according to their desire do search and haue recourse to other meanes to wit to Necromancy and Geomancie by which they diuine what they list leading men unto

indeed Plato commaunded to be chased out of the cōmonweale But to returne to our purpose it is most euident that these ancient Poets great Philosophers Diuines do testifie that Saturne is an happie and willing planet And in so much as they accuse him for deuouring all his children except fowre they themselues interpret that of Time by which indeed he consumeth all things except the fowre elements which still remaine because that out of them and into them all nature is changed And thereof it commeth that they so call them to wit the fire Iupiter the aire Iuno the water Neptune and the earth Pluto Moreouer if wee will in excuse of Saturne consider the cause of the malice which commonly Astronomers attribute vnto him From whence the euils do proceed which are attributed to Saturne it is certaine that the euils wherewith they accuse him proceed from his cold and drie nature by which hee seemeth to fauour melancholie whose propertie is to oppresse and stop the desiring power and naturall loue whose seate is hot and moist And in that they separate Saturne from humane societie we must vnderstand that this is not the planet which properly they meane but rather the childe disposed to such complexion and disposition partly through the influence of the starres partlie through his birth and seed of the parents or the place of his generation or of his foode and partly also through the disposition which he may get by nurture and manners and especially if the saide planet ruling in the natiuitie of the childe The meanes to correct all euill influences it bee inuaded with the drines of Mars and coldnes of the Moone But yet one may correct euery such euill influence For the childe increasing in yeeres and iudgement may addict himselfe to studie and contemplation of high and diuine things which are the delights of him who leadeth a solitarie life and doubtlesse hee shall perceiue that Saturne is not euill but doth rather fauour him with a good influence And if any finde himselfe heauie by reason of his Saturnine cōplexion Matth. 5. let him meditate on that which is written Blessed are they which mourne if hee bee pensiue or silent let him harken to that which is said Marie hath chosen the good part if he haue desire to store vp riches let him lay vp in heauen For so may he easily correct euery euil inclination which he shall naturally haue And as much may we speake of him who shal be stirred vp with the inflāmation of Mars For if the Martial choler maketh him hastie and subiect to anger let him not vse it against the poore and little ones but to represse vices For as golden Chrysostome saith Where there is no wrath nor indignation there science profiteth nothing the iudgements are not constant and crimes are not corrected Let then warres murders boldnes magnanimitie spoiles captiuities flights violences and such like be exercised against the enemies of God and for the publike peace and then this Mars will not be euill Nomb. 25. but rather numbred amongst the saints and seruants of God with Phineas sonne of Eleasar commended for his zeale and with Dauid who fought the battels of the Almightie But if among warriors there happen deceit periurie frauds temeritie furie man-slaughters thefts and such mischiefes all this commeth to passe bicause the rule of reason is broken And then this gate being open the winds of passions whiske out and blow violently like a great tempest But so long as they remaine vnder the commandement of Eolus to wit so long as reason duly gouerneth euery violent motion proceeding from Martiall choler is easily moderated and turneth to profit The like must be iudged of Venus who is saide to induce men to a lustfull and lasciuious desire For if we gouerne well the concupiscence or appetite heated by this planet the sunne and Mars thereto ministring feruor thereupon woulde ensue a good loue inflamed towards God and our neighbor So then we may conclude our speech that men do wrongfully complaine of their nature or the influence of the starres when they should rather accuse the peruersnes of their il-inclined wil which causeth their voluntarie sinne as in the second part of our Academie we haue related But this will be more cleere vnto vs if we consider how the stars worke in man not in constraining but disposing which ARAM shall be the subiect of your speech Of the planets in generall and how they worke in man not in constraining but disposing Chap. 31. ARAM. MAny holding opinion that we obtaine nothing by the influence of the stars doe reiect the doctrine of Astrologians as absurde and altogither differing from philosophie And amongst other reasons they alledge that there haue been many graue philosophers who haue applied their care and diligence to search out the causes of things borrowing their knowledge from phisicke from the Mathematicks and from many other arts and sciences and yet neuer looked after the causes in astrologie namely Pythagoras Plato Aristotle Plotin Auicen Auerrois Hippocrates and others the most renowmed ancient authors But one may answere them that as it was forbidden by the Mosaicall lawe that any should reape his field all throughout Leuit. 19. 23. but should leaue some corner for the poore and needfull whereof they might make bundles and fardles to sustaine themselues and appease their hunger so it may be that the former philosophers haue left to their posteritie in the spatious field of the secrets of nature ynough for others to gather and to search out after them And indeede if any one should set himselfe against vs saying Saint Augustine Ambrose Ierome Origen Damascene and other doctors both Hebrues Greekes and Latines haue with most diligent labour sounded the sense of the scriptures without touching that which now you doe wherefore that which you say is not true What could this conclude against vs For it is a common thing in schooles that nothing is concluded of pure negatiues Nothing concluded by denying And the Sages cōdemne not that which any one hath found out for excellent by the subtiltie of his owne wit though it neuer before had been touched by others Wherefore no man is to be condemned if he make a farther search of causes then many ancient philosophers haue done who would not passe the bounds of the elementarie nature being contented to sound the causes by the power and qualities of these inferior bodies as many of our age doe whose theoricke and practick doth too much faile Let vs moreouer adde that the most renowmed amongst the ancients accord in this point Inferior things draw fauour from the superior That the inferior things and such as are called naturall doe drawe to them the fauor of the superior and celestiall rather by one aspect then by another Which skil is holden excellent to be knowne But for the Peripatetickes who abased in their sensible obiects content themselues with the