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A62449 The compleat courtier: or, The morals of the famous historian Cornelius Tacitus concerning flattery, &c. In above one hundred essays. Paraphras'd and illustrated with useful observations by the Sieur Amelo de la Houssaie and M. D'Ablancourt. Done out of French. Tacitus, Cornelius.; Amelot de La Houssiae, Abraham-Nicolas, Sieur, 1634-1706.; Ablancourt, sieur d', 1621-1696. 1700 (1700) Wing T104; ESTC R222223 76,440 233

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Friends to take Possession of the Empire For the looser and more extravagant sort of Courtiers are afraid of nothing more then a Vertuous and Vigilant Prince because their Interest is incompatible with his Duty The young King says Mezeray speaking of Charles VIII was naturally enclin'd to the study of Vertue addicting himself as much as his leisure would permit him to the reading of good Authors and to converse with learned Men. But the Sycophant to whose humour a serious and prudent Prince is a burthensom Master before the Year was out plung'd him again into the love of Toys and Women I find moreover two or three things more to be observ'd upon the Choice which Galba made of Piso to succeed him rather then Otho who being the first who had declar'd himself for Galba was in hopes to have been adopted for his Son The first is that Galba rather chose to expose himself to Otho's Resentment to whom he was so highly oblig'd then to advance to the Empire a Person who was guilty of all Nero's Vices considering that would be of little benefit to the Publick-weal to have escap'd Nero's Violencies should it relapse under the power of his Companion in Debauchery The second thing is that Vertuous Princes make it their chiefest Glory to choose a good Successor whereas a bad Prince en deavours to find a worse then himself to the end he may be miss'd when gone Augustus said Galba to Piso made Choice of a Successor out of his own Family but I choose mine out of the Commonwealth Not that I am destitute either of Kindred or Friends but because of all my own and thine thou seem'st to me most worthy to be the Heir of my Fortune My Age permits me not to do the Roman People any other kindness but only to leave them a Vertuous Successor But thou who art in the flower of thy Youth hast it within thy power to bless 'em with a Vertuous Prince and long Tranquility The Younger Pliny tells us that Nerva was belov'd and lamented by all good Men for that he had made such Provision that no body should have cause to miss him and being a most worthy Prince himself he was not afraid to make Choice of one that might exceed him And in another Place he says That a good Successor is a most evident Mark of the Divinity of the Prince that makes the Election The last thing is the difference between the Advice which Princes give to their Successors and that which Sycophants give to Princes When a Prince admonishes another 't is his usual custom to tell him that Sovereignty is a weighty Burthen and a Condition above all others most subject to the Capriccio's of Fortune That the Higher a man is exalted the more in danger he stands of the Precipice That Power is never truly secure when excessive and rarely longer permanent then the Life of him that exercises it That there is nothing in the World so unstable or so difficult to preserve as the Fame of Power that rests not on its proper foundation of Justice and Reason That it is impossible for a Prince to know or act all things himself and therefore had need of good Counsel and Assistance That his Ministers and He transacting unanimously together the Public Affairs will be better manag'd That he ought not to study Dominion over Slaves but equal Government over Children and Subjects accustom'd to rational and not to blind Obedience That Loyal Subjects never grudge to pay Taxes or Impositions but ill brook the Violence the Cruelty and Avarice of the Officers That a Government cannot long subsist between unjust Command and forc'd Obedience I do not Interest my self said Tiberius in in the Choice of Edils Pretors or Consuls something greater and more sublime is expected from a Prince nor do I make use of Power where I can act by Law Then he goes on that Liberality when excessive proves pernicious as forcing to repair by Injustice what Extravagancy has dissipated That Clemency advances the Reputation of Princes and that having all things at their Command there remains nothing for them to desire more then only to Eternize their Happy Memories These are the Temples those the Noble Statues said Tiberius that I desire to be erected in your minds for as for those that are built of Stone should I deserve the hatred of succeeding Ages they would be scorn'd and soon defac'd On the other side Sycophants infuse into the ears of Princes that they have not only an Absolute Power but a Universal Understanding and that their Subjects can pretend to nothing but only the Honour of a blind Obedience That the Will and Pleasure of a Prince is the Rule of Justice and by consequence that all the Actions of Kings are Infallibly Just That a Prince who Governs according to Laws is only a Precarious Prince and that he who listens to the Advice of his Counsel is a Pupil That all ways and means whatever which conduce to the preservation of Authority are honest and lawful provided they be successful That the Impov'rishing of the People and keeping the Nobility Low are the main Pillars of Imperial Power That Privileges Exemptions and Moderate Taxes serve only to render the People untractable and mutinous whereas they are supple submiss and yielding when they have nothing to lose That Luxury Adulteries Revelling and choice of Women are the Rewards of Principality That it is of little importance to be belov'd but of great moment to be fear'd for that Fear is supported by the dread of Punishment which never ceases but that Love is preserv'd only by a certain tie of Complaisance which Men as often break as fancy and humour inspire 'em That Clemency is a dangerous Vertue and Modesty fitting only for a Citizens Wife And lastly That Princes never need take any care what Posterity says of 'em as being no competent Judge of the Truth or Falshood of those that applaud or discommend since 't is the Fate of Historians to be always suspected either of Flattery or Malice ESSAY LXXIX THen from all Parts of the City as Othonians met Othonians some augmented the general Fears others minc'd the Truth not then refraining from their wonted Adulation Says D'Ablancourt People crouded together from all Parts of the City some augmenting the danger others lessening it as much not forgetting their usual Flattery even in that extremity Otho was Proclaim'd Emperor and Galba now no longer in Possession of the Sovereignty nevertheless there were some People that Flatter'd the Unfortunate Prince as if after he had lost the Empire he had something of higher Advantage to lose An evident proof that Sycophants never can find in their hearts to speak sincerely to Princes and that Princes are Flatter'd because 't is the Mode without the least anxiety for their good or ill success Sycophants never tell 'em any thing but what is grateful tho' it be ne'er so prejudicial They who sooth'd up Galba at