doctrine_n of_o the_o alteration_n of_o element_n the_o ground_n of_o which_o conceit_n be_v that_o of_o there_o be_v but_o four_o element_n and_o that_o all_o the_o element_n must_v needs_o be_v in_o every_o body_n and_o so_o man_n be_v puzzle_v how_o from_o thence_o to_o make_v out_o the_o infinite_a variety_n of_o body_n they_o feign_v they_o to_o be_v alterable_a and_o alter_v upon_o every_o perfect_a mixture_n not_o consider_v that_o if_o their_o four_o element_n be_v alterable_a as_o few_o as_o they_o be_v no_o few_o than_o three_o of_o they_o may_v be_v spare_v for_o one_o element_n if_o alterable_a may_v be_v make_v any_o 2._o hence_o second_o may_v be_v solve_v that_o great_a dispute_n whether_o such_o as_o we_o call_v lixivial_a salt_n be_v make_v by_o the_o fire_n for_o first_o no_o principle_n be_v make_v by_o the_o fire_n all_o principle_n be_v unalterable_a and_o therefore_o unmakeable_a second_o we_o must_v therefore_o distinguish_v betwixt_o the_o principle_n and_o the_o modification_n of_o a_o principle_n or_o its_o various_a mixture_n with_o other_o principle_n whence_o it_o may_v receive_v a_o various_a denomination_n wherefore_o a_o lixivial_a salt_n qua_fw-la lixivial_a be_v certain_o make_v by_o the_o fire_n but_o quatenus_fw-la salt_n it_o be_v not_o that_o principle_n be_v extractable_a out_o of_o most_o body_n and_o by_o divers_a other_o way_n then_o by_o the_o fire_n for_o whether_o you_o calcine_v a_o body_n or_o ferment_n it_o after_o the_o manner_n show_v by_o the_o diligent_a and_o curious_a improver_n of_o chemical_a knowledge_n dr._n daniel_n cox_n or_o else_o putrify_v it_o under_o ground_n or_o drown_v it_o in_o the_o sea_n it_o still_o yield_v some_o kind_n of_o salt_n all_o which_o salt_n be_v make_v not_o by_o make_v the_o saline_n principle_n but_o only_o by_o its_o be_v various_o mix_v upon_o those_o various_a way_n of_o the_o solution_n of_o body_n with_o other_o principle_n from_o which_o its_o various_a mixture_n it_o receive_v the_o various_a denomination_n of_o marine_n nitrous_a volatile_a or_o lixivial_a 3._o hence_o three_o the_o most_o perfect_a mixture_n of_o body_n can_v go_v no_o high_o than_o contact_n for_o all_o principle_n be_v unalterable_a and_o all_o matter_n be_v impenetrable_a as_o have_v be_v say_v in_o the_o most_o visible_a and_o lax_n mixture_n there_o be_v contact_n and_o in_o the_o most_o subtle_a and_o perfect_a as_o in_o generation_n itself_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o 4._o hence_o four_a we_o easy_o understand_v how_o divers_a of_o the_o same_o principle_n belong_v both_o to_o vegetable_n and_o many_o other_o body_n be_v also_o actual_o existent_a in_o the_o body_n of_o man._n because_o even_o in_o generation_n or_o transmutation_n the_o principle_n which_o be_v translate_v from_o one_o body_n to_o another_o as_o from_o a_o vegetable_a to_o a_o animal_n be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o alter_v in_o themselves_o but_o only_o their_o mixture_n that_o be_v their_o conjugation_n proportion_n and_o location_n be_v vary_v 5._o hence_o also_o the_o difference_n of_o mixture_n arise_v from_o the_o difference_n of_o contact_n be_v intelligible_a sc_n as_o to_o those_o three_o degree_n congregation_n union_n and_o concentration_n congregation_n and_o inconsistent_a mixture_n be_v when_o the_o several_a atom_n touch_v but_o in_o a_o point_n or_o small_a part_n in_o which_o manner_n i_o have_v divers_a argument_n induce_v i_o to_o believe_v the_o atom_n of_o all_o fluid_a body_n qua_fw-la fluid_fw-la do_v touch_n and_o in_o no_o other_o union_n be_v when_o they_o touch_v in_o a_o plain_a as_o in_o the_o crystal_n and_o shooting_n of_o all_o salt_n and_o other_o like_a body_n for_o if_o we_o pursue_v their_o divide_a and_o subdivide_v part_n with_o our_o eye_n as_o far_o as_o we_o can_v they_o still_o terminate_v on_o every_o side_n in_o plain_n wherefore_o it_o be_v intelligible_a that_o their_o very_a atom_n do_v also_o terminate_v and_o therefore_o touch_v in_o plain_a concentration_n be_v when_o two_o or_o more_o atom_n touch_v by_o reception_n and_o intrusion_n of_o one_o into_o another_o which_o be_v the_o close_a and_o firm_a mixture_n of_o all_o as_o in_o any_o fix_a unodorable_a or_o untastable_a body_n the_o atom_n of_o such_o body_n be_v not_o able_a to_o make_v any_o smell_n or_o taste_v unless_o they_o be_v first_o dissolve_v that_o be_v to_o say_v unpin_v one_o from_o another_o 6._o hence_o sixthly_a we_o understand_v how_o in_o some_o case_n there_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o penetration_n of_o body_n and_o in_o what_o sense_n it_o may_v be_v admit_v viz._n if_o we_o will_v mean_v no_o more_o by_o penetration_n but_o intrusion_n for_o the_o intrusion_n of_o one_o atom_n into_o the_o concave_a or_o hole_n of_o another_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o penetration_n whereby_o they_o take_v up_o less_o room_n in_o the_o mix_a body_n than_o they_o will_v do_v by_o any_o other_o way_n of_o contact_n as_o a_o naked_a knife_n and_o its_o sheath_n take_v up_o almost_o double_a room_n to_o what_o they_o do_v when_o the_o knife_n be_v sheathe_v whence_o we_o may_v assign_v the_o reason_n why_o many_o liquor_n be_v mix_v take_v up_o less_o room_n or_o space_n than_o they_o do_v apart_o as_o the_o very_a ingenious_a m._n hook_n make_v it_o to_o appear_v by_o experiment_n that_o they_o do_v i_o say_v the_o plain_a reason_n hereof_o or_o at_o least_o one_o reason_n be_v the_o intrusion_n of_o many_o of_o their_o atom_n one_o into_o another_o which_o yet_o be_v not_o a_o penetration_n of_o body_n strict_o so_o call_v 7._o if_o all_o that_o nature_n make_v be_v but_o mixture_n and_o all_o this_o mixture_n be_v but_o contact_n it_o be_v then_o evident_a that_o natural_a and_o artificial_a mixture_n be_v the_o same_o and_o all_o those_o seem_a subtlety_n whereby_o philosopher_n have_v go_v about_o to_o distinguish_v they_o have_v be_v but_o so_o many_o scarecrow_n to_o affright_v man_n from_o the_o imitation_n of_o nature_n 8._o last_o hence_o it_o follow_v that_o be_v itself_o may_v go_v far_o in_o do_v what_o nature_n do_v and_o who_o can_v say_v how_o far_o for_o we_o have_v nothing_o to_o make_v but_o only_o to_o mix_v those_o material_n which_o be_v already_o make_v to_o our_o hand_n even_o nature_n herself_o as_o have_v be_v say_v make_v nothing_o new_a but_o only_o mix_v all_o thing_n so_o far_o therefore_o as_o we_o can_v govern_v mixture_n we_o may_v do_v what_o nature_n do_v which_o that_o we_o may_v still_o the_o better_o understand_v let_v we_o before_o and_o in_o the_o next_o place_n see_v the_o cause_n of_o mixture_n for_o since_o natural_a and_o artificial_a mixture_n be_v the_o same_o the_o immediate_a cause_n of_o both_o be_v and_o must_v be_v the_o same_o sect_n iv._o now_o all_o the_o cause_n of_o mixture_n we_o can_v conceive_v of_o must_v i_o think_v be_v reduce_v to_o these_o six_o in_o general_a viz._n congruity_n weight_n compression_n solution_n digestion_n and_o agitation_n 1._o congruity_n or_o aptitude_n and_o respondence_n betwixt_o the_o size_n and_o figure_n of_o part_n to_o be_v mix_v whereby_o body_n may_v be_v true_o call_v the_o instrumental_a cause_n of_o their_o own_o mixture_n as_o when_o a_o plain_a answer_n to_o a_o plain_a a_o square_a to_o a_o square_a a_o convex_a to_o a_o concave_n or_o a_o less_o to_o a_o great_a or_o a_o equal_a etc._n etc._n according_a to_o which_o respondency_n in_o the_o part_n of_o body_n they_o be_v more_o or_o less_o easy_o mingleable_a 2._o weight_n by_o mean_n whereof_o all_o fluid_a body_n upon_o supposition_n of_o the_o congruity_n of_o their_o part_n must_v unavoidable_o mingle_v 3._o compression_n which_o either_o by_o the_o air_n or_o any_o other_o body_n add_v to_o weight_n must_v in_o some_o degree_n further_a mixture_n because_o that_o weight_n itself_o be_v but_o pression_n for_o further_a proof_n of_o all_o the_o say_a cause_n i_o make_v this_o experiment_n let_v oil_n of_o aniseed_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n be_v put_v apart_o into_o the_o receiver_n of_o a_o air-pump_n and_o have_v exhaust_v it_o of_o the_o air_n let_v the_o two_o say_a oil_n be_v then_o affuse_v one_o upon_o the_o other_o whereupon_o first_o it_o be_v visible_a that_o they_o here_o mix_v and_o coagulate_v together_o that_o be_v their_o part_n be_v wedge_v and_o intrude_v one_o into_o another_o without_o the_o usual_a compression_n of_o the_o air_n for_o that_o be_v exhaust_v and_o therefore_o only_o by_o the_o congruity_n of_o their_o receive_n and_o intrude_a part_n and_o by_o their_o weight_n by_o which_o alone_o they_o be_v so_o compress_v as_o to_o make_v that_o intrusion_n second_o it_o be_v also_o evident_a that_o although_o they_o do_v coagulate_v yet_o not_o altogether_o so_o much_o as_o when_o pour_v together_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o quantity_n in_o the_o open_a air._n wherefore_o compression_n
whether_o make_v by_o the_o air_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o do_v somewhat_o further_o the_o mixture_n of_o body_n and_o the_o great_a the_o compression_n the_o more_o 4._o solution_n for_o all_o body_n mix_v best_a in_o forma_fw-la fluida_fw-la and_o that_o for_o two_o reason_n first_o because_o the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n be_v not_o then_o in_o a_o state_n of_o union_n but_o of_o separation_n and_o therefore_o in_o a_o more_o capable_a state_n for_o their_o mixture_n and_o union_n with_o the_o part_n of_o another_o body_n second_o because_o than_o they_o be_v also_o in_o a_o state_n of_o motion_n more_o or_o less_o and_o therefore_o in_o a_o continual_a tendency_n towards_o mixture_n all_o mixture_n be_v make_v by_o motion_n wherefore_o all_o generation_n and_o most_o perfect_a mixture_n in_o nature_n be_v make_v by_o fluids_n whether_o animal_n vegetable_a or_o mineral_n which_o be_v also_o agreeable_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o honourable_a mr._n boyle_n in_o his_o excellent_a treatise_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o virtue_n of_o gem_n and_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o body_n be_v ordinary_o petrify_v or_o stone_n make_v out_o of_o water_n that_o be_v out_o of_o petrify_a part_n dissolve_v per_fw-la minima_fw-la in_o water_n as_o both_o their_o menstruum_fw-la and_o their_o vehicle_n wherefore_o if_o we_o will_v talk_v of_o make_v gold_n it_o must_v not_o be_v by_o the_o philosopher_n stone_n but_o by_o the_o philosopher_n liquor_n 5._o digestion_n for_o which_o there_o be_v the_o same_o reason_n as_o for_o mixture_n by_o solution_n for_o first_o all_o heat_n do_v attenuate_v that_o be_v still_o further_o separate_v the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n and_o so_o render_v they_o more_o mingleable_a with_o the_o part_n of_o another_o and_o therefore_o second_o do_v also_o add_v more_o motion_n to_o they_o in_o order_n to_o their_o mixture_n 6._o agitation_n which_o i_o be_o induce_v to_o believe_v a_o great_a and_o effectual_a mean_n of_o mixture_n upon_o divers_a consideration_n as_o first_o that_o the_o make_n of_o blood_n in_o the_o body_n of_o animal_n and_o the_o mix_n of_o the_o chyle_n therewith_o be_v very_o much_o promote_v by_o the_o same_o mean_n sc_n by_o the_o agitation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o chyle_n in_o their_o continual_a circulation_n again_o from_o the_o make_n of_o butter_n out_o of_o milk_n by_o the_o same_o mean_n whereby_o alone_o be_v make_v a_o separation_n of_o the_o oleous_a part_n from_o the_o whey_n and_o a_o mixture_n of_o they_o together_o moreover_o from_o the_o great_a effect_n of_o digestion_n well_o know_v to_o all_o that_o be_v conversant_a in_o chemical_a preparation_n which_o digestion_n itself_o be_v but_o a_o kind_n of_o insensible_a agitation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o digest_v body_n it_o be_v also_o a_o know_a experiment_n that_o the_o ready_a way_n to_o dissolve_v sugar_n in_o wine_n or_o other_o liquor_n be_v to_o give_v the_o vessel_n a_o hasty_a turn_n together_o with_o a_o smart_n knock_v against_o any_o hard_a and_o steady_a body_n whereby_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o sugar_n and_o liquor_n be_v put_v into_o a_o vehement_a agitation_n and_o so_o immediate_o mix_v together_o and_o i_o remember_v that_o have_v with_o intent_n to_o make_v mr._n mathews_n pill_n put_v some_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n and_o salt_n of_o tartar_n together_o in_o a_o bottle_n and_o send_v it_o up_o hither_o out_o of_o the_o country_n i_o find_v that_o the_o continual_a agitation_n upon_o the_o road_n for_o three_o or_o four_o day_n have_v do_v more_o towards_o their_o mixture_n then_o a_o far_o great_a time_n of_o digestion_n alone_o have_v do_v before_o and_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o a_o vehement_a agitation_n especial_o if_o continue_v or_o join_v with_o digestion_n will_v accelerate_v the_o mixture_n of_o some_o body_n ten_o time_n more_o than_o any_o bare_a digestion_n alone_o as_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o many_o experiment_n i_o will_v instance_n in_o this_o one_o let_v some_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n and_o good_a spirit_n of_o nitre_n be_v stop_v up_o together_o in_o a_o bottle_n and_o the_o bottle_n hold_v to_o the_o fire_n till_o the_o liquor_n be_v a_o little_a heat_v and_o begin_v to_o bubble_n then_o have_v remove_v it_o and_o the_o bubble_n by_o degree_n increase_v more_o and_o more_o the_o two_o liquor_n will_v of_o themselves_o at_o last_o fall_n into_o so_o impetuous_a a_o ebullition_n as_o to_o make_v a_o kind_n of_o explosion_n send_v forth_o a_o smoke_n for_o the_o space_n of_o almost_o two_o yard_n high_a whereupon_o the_o part_n of_o both_o the_o liquor_n be_v violent_o agitate_a they_o be_v in_o a_o great_a portion_n incorporate_v into_o a_o thick_a balsam_n in_o a_o moment_n and_o that_o without_o any_o intense_a heat_n as_o may_v be_v feel_v by_o the_o bottle_n and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o cause_n of_o mixture_n sect_n v._o have_v enumerate_v the_o general_a cause_n we_o shall_v last_o inquire_v into_o the_o power_n and_o use_v of_o mixture_n or_o into_o what_o it_o can_v do_v and_o teach_v and_o i_o shall_v instance_n in_o six_o particular_n first_o to_o render_v all_o body_n sociable_a whatsoever_o they_o be_v second_o to_o make_v artificial_a body_n in_o imitation_n of_o those_o of_o nature_n own_o production_n three_o to_o make_v or_o imitate_v the_o sensible_a quality_n of_o body_n as_o smell_v and_o taste_n four_o to_o make_v or_o imitate_v their_o faculty_n five_o it_o be_v a_o key_n to_o discover_v the_o nature_n of_o body_n six_o to_o discover_v their_o use_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o medicinal_a operation_n instance_n i._n first_o to_o render_v all_o body_n sociable_a or_o mingleable_a as_o water_n with_o oil_n salt_n with_o spirit_n and_o the_o like_a for_o natural_a and_o artificial_a mixture_n be_v the_o same_o as_o we_o have_v before_o prove_v if_o therefore_o nature_n can_v do_v it_o as_o we_o see_v in_o the_o generation_n of_o body_n she_o do_v it_o be_v likewise_o in_o the_o power_n of_o art_n to_o do_v it_o and_o for_o the_o do_v of_o it_o two_o general_a rule_n result_v from_o the_o premise_n sc_n the_o application_n of_o cause_n and_o the_o choice_n of_o material_n as_o for_o the_o cause_n they_o be_v such_o as_o i_o have_v now_o instanced_a in_o and_o for_o the_o application_n of_o they_o i_o shall_v give_v these_o two_o rule_n first_o that_o we_o tread_v in_o nature_n step_n as_o near_o as_o we_o can_v not_o only_o in_o the_o application_n of_o such_o a_o cause_n as_o may_v be_v most_o proper_a for_o such_o a_o mixture_n but_o also_o in_o allow_v it_o sufficient_a time_n for_o its_o effect_n for_o so_o we_o see_v nature_n herself_o for_o her_o more_o perfect_a mixture_n usual_o do_v she_o make_v not_o a_o flower_n or_o a_o apple_n a_o horse_n or_o a_o man_n as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o moment_n but_o all_o thing_n by_o degree_n and_o for_o she_o more_o perfect_a and_o elaborate_a mixture_n for_o the_o most_o part_n she_o require_v more_o time_n because_o all_o such_o mixture_n be_v make_v and_o carry_v on_o per_fw-la minima_fw-la and_o therefore_o require_v a_o great_a time_n for_o the_o complete_n of_o they_o a_o second_o rule_n be_v not_o only_o to_o make_v a_o due_a application_n of_o the_o cause_n but_o sometime_o to_o accumulate_v they_o by_o which_o mean_n we_o may_v not_o only_o imitate_v nature_n but_o in_o some_o case_n go_v beyond_o she_o for_o as_o by_o add_v a_o graft_n or_o bud_n to_o the_o stock_n we_o may_v produce_v fruit_n soon_o and_o sometime_o better_a than_o nature_n by_o the_o stock_n alone_o will_v do_v so_o here_o by_o accumulate_v the_o cause_n of_o mixture_n that_o be_v by_o join_v three_o or_o four_o or_o more_o together_o or_o by_o apply_v more_o in_o some_o case_n where_o nature_n apply_v few_o we_o may_v be_v able_a to_o make_v if_o not_o a_o more_o perfect_a yet_o a_o far_o more_o speedy_a mixture_n than_o nature_n do_v as_o by_o join_v compression_n heat_n and_o violent_a agitation_n and_o so_o continue_v they_o all_o together_o by_o some_o mean_v contrive_v for_o the_o purpose_n for_o the_o space_n of_o a_o week_n or_o month_n or_o long_o without_o cessation_n which_o may_v probable_o produce_v not_o only_o strange_a but_o useful_a effect_n in_o the_o solution_n of_o some_o and_o the_o mixture_n of_o other_o body_n and_o may_v serve_v to_o mix_v such_o body_n as_o through_o the_o small_a number_n of_o their_o congruous_a part_n be_v hardly_o mingleable_a any_o other_o way_n agitation_n be_v as_o carrying_z the_o key_n to_o and_o fro_o till_o it_o hit_v the_o lock_n or_o within_o the_o lock_n till_o it_o hit_v the_o ward_n second_o for_o the_o choice_n of_o material_n if_o they_o be_v not_o immediate_o that_o be_v of_o themselves_o mingleable_a we_o be_v then_o to_o turn_v one_o species_n of_o mixture_n
will_v be_v melt_v with_o a_o gentle_a heat_n as_o nitre_n be_v and_o even_o as_o easy_o as_o butter_n itself_o i_o mean_v not_o by_o the_o addition_n of_o any_o sort_n of_o liquor_n or_o any_o other_o body_n to_o dissolve_v it_o but_o only_o by_o the_o fire_n and_o as_o for_o a_o sea-salt_n that_o i_o may_v imitate_v nature_n for_o the_o make_v hereof_o i_o consider_v that_o the_o salt_n so_o call_v be_v nothing_o else_o but_o animal_n and_o vegetable_a salt_n free_v from_o its_o true_a spirit_n and_o sulphur_n and_o some_o saline_n particle_n specifical_o animal_n or_o vegetable_a together_o with_o they_o for_o both_o animal_n and_o vegetable_a body_n be_v continual_o carry_v by_o all_o river_n into_o the_o sea_n and_o many_o likewise_o by_o shipwreck_n and_o divers_a other_o way_n immerse_v therein_o they_o be_v at_o last_o corrupt_v that_o be_v their_o compound_v part_n be_v open_v and_o resolve_v yet_o the_o resolution_n be_v in_o the_o water_n be_v not_o make_v precipitately_a 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adhere_v to_o viz._n that_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d lib._n 1._o de_fw-fr gener._n &_o corrupt_a cap._n ult_n that_o it_o be_v miscibilium_fw-la alteratorum_fw-la unio_fw-la which_o definition_n as_o it_o be_v usual_o explicate_v be_v both_o vnintelligible_a and_o unuseful_a two_o thing_n be_v unintelligible_a what_o they_o mean_v by_o alteration_n and_o what_o by_o union_n in_o this_o alteration_n they_o say_v that_o the_o very_a form_n of_o the_o element_n be_v alter_v and_o therefore_o lay_v it_o down_o for_o a_o axiom_n quòd_fw-la in_o mixto_fw-la formae_fw-la elementares_fw-la tantum_fw-la sint_fw-la in_o potentia_fw-la but_o let_v we_o see_v the_o consequence_n for_o if_o in_o a_o mix_a body_n the_o form_n of_o the_o element_n be_v but_o in_o potentia_fw-la then_o the_o element_n themselves_o be_v but_o in_o potentia_fw-la for_o we_o all_o say_v forma_fw-la that_fw-mi esse_fw-la and_o if_o the_o compound_v element_n be_v only_o in_o potentia_fw-la then_o the_o compound_v body_n itself_o can_v be_v only_o in_o potentia_fw-la yet_o to_o say_v it_o be_v no_o more_o be_v most_o absurd_a as_o for_o the_o union_n of_o element_n in_o a_o mix_a body_n they_o make_v it_o such_o as_o bring_v they_o at_o last_o to_o assert_v the_o penetration_n of_o body_n and_o that_o the_o union_n of_o mix_a body_n be_v nothing_o else_o for_o they_o say_v it_o be_v make_v in_o such_o sort_n that_o every_o particle_n of_o the_o mix_a body_n partake_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o whole_a which_o nature_n arise_v from_o the_o contemperated_a quality_n of_o the_o four_o element_n whence_o they_o conclude_v that_o every_o particle_n of_o the_o mix_a body_n contain_v in_o itself_o all_o the_o four_o element_n which_o be_v plain_o to_o assert_v a_o penetration_n of_o body_n for_o every_o element_n be_v at_o least_o one_o particle_n if_o therefore_o every_o particle_n