most_o to_o replenish_v the_o receiver_n they_o do_v not_o sensible_o hinder_v the_o air_n include_v in_o the_o bladder_n from_o dilate_v itself_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n for_o aught_o we_o can_v discern_v as_o it_o will_v have_v otherwise_o do_v so_o that_o before_o the_o fire_n or_o the_o match_n be_v quite_o extinct_a the_o bladder_n appear_v swell_v at_o least_o to_o six_o or_o seven_o time_n its_o former_a capacity_n since_o the_o write_n of_o these_o last_o line_n we_o take_v a_o small_a receiver_n capable_a of_o contain_v by_o guess_n about_o a_o pound_n and_o a_o half_a of_o water_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o we_o suspend_v a_o light_a match_n but_o though_o within_o one_o minute_n of_o a_o hour_n or_o thereabouts_o from_o the_o put_n in_o of_o the_o match_n we_o have_v cement_v on_o the_o cover_n yet_o we_o can_v not_o make_v such_o haste_n but_o that_o before_o we_o begin_v to_o pump_v the_o smoke_n have_v so_o fill_v that_o small_a receiver_n as_o for_o aught_o we_o discern_v to_o choke_v the_o fire_n and_o have_v again_o and_o again_o reiterated_a the_o experiment_n it_o seem_v still_o as_o at_o first_o that_o we_o can_v not_o close_o up_o the_o vessel_n and_o pump_n out_o all_o the_o fume_n time_n enough_o to_o rescue_v the_o fire_n from_o extinction_n whereupon_o we_o make_v use_v of_o this_o expedient_a assoon_o as_o we_o have_v pump_v once_o or_o twice_o we_o sudden_o turn_v the_o key_n and_o thereby_o give_v access_n to_o the_o exclude_v air_n which_o rush_v violent_o in_o as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v force_v through_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_o do_v both_o drive_v away_o the_o ash_n fill_v the_o glass_n with_o fresh_a air_n and_o by_o blow_v the_o almost_o extinguish_v fire_n re-kindled_a it_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o match_n begin_v again_o to_o smoke_n which_o before_o it_o have_v cease_v to_o do_v we_o have_v by_o this_o mean_v obtain_v a_o light_a match_n in_o the_o receiver_n without_o be_v reduce_v to_o spend_v time_n to_o close_v it_o up_o command_v the_o air_n to_o be_v immediate_o pump_v out_o and_o find_v that_o upon_o the_o exsuction_n of_o it_o the_o match_n quick_o leave_v smoke_v as_o it_o seem_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o air_n and_o yet_o if_o some_o urgent_a occasion_n have_v not_o hinder_v we_o we_o will_v for_o great_a security_n have_v try_v whether_o or_o no_o the_o match_n rekindle_v as_o former_o will_v smoke_v much_o long_o in_o case_n of_o no_o exsuction_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la air._n 14._o experiment_n 14._o to_o try_v diverse_a thing_n at_o once_o and_o particular_o whether_o fire_n though_o we_o find_v it_o will_v not_o long_o last_v may_v not_o yet_o be_v produce_v in_o our_o evacuated_a receiver_n we_o take_v a_o pistol_n of_o about_o a_o foot_n in_o length_n and_o have_v firm_o tie_v it_o to_o a_o stick_n almost_o as_o long_o as_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o receiver_n we_o very_o careful_o prime_v it_o with_o well_o dry_a gunpowder_n and_o then_o cock_v it_o we_o tie_v to_o the_o tricker_n one_o end_n of_o a_o string_n who_o other_o end_n be_v fasten_v to_o the_o key_n former_o mention_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o cover_n of_o our_o receiver_n this_o do_v we_o convey_v the_o pistol_n together_o with_o the_o annex_v staff_n into_o the_o vessel_n which_o be_v close_v up_o and_o empty_v after_o the_o usual_a manner_n we_o begin_v to_o turn_v the_o key_n in_o the_o cover_n and_o thereby_o shorten_v the_o string_n that_o reach_v from_o it_o to_o the_o pistol_n we_o pull_v aside_o the_o tricker_n and_o observe_v that_o according_a to_o our_o expectation_n the_o force_n of_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o lock_n be_v not_o sensible_o abate_v by_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o air._n from_o who_o impetus_fw-la yet_o some_o modern_a naturalist_n will_v derive_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o restitution_n in_o solid_a body_n for_o the_o cock_n fall_v with_o its_o wont_a violence_n upon_o the_o steel_n strike_v out_o of_o it_o as_o many_o and_o as_o conspicuous_a part_n of_o fire_n as_o for_o aught_o we_o can_v perceive_v it_o will_v have_v do_v in_o the_o open_a air._n repeat_v this_o experiment_n divers_a time_n we_o also_o observe_v whether_o or_o no_o there_o will_v appear_v any_o considerable_a diversity_n in_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o shine_a spark_n in_o a_o place_n where_o the_o remain_a air_n be_v so_o much_o rarify_v but_o can_v not_o perceive_v but_o that_o they_o move_v some_o of_o they_o upward_o as_o well_o as_o some_o of_o they_o downward_o and_o some_o of_o they_o sideways_o as_o they_o be_v wont_v to_o do_v when_o upon_o such_o collision_n they_o fly_v out_o in_o the_o open_a air._n we_o likewise_o cause_v a_o piece_n of_o steel_n to_o be_v make_v of_o the_o form_n and_o bigness_n of_o the_o flint_n in_o who_o place_n we_o put_v it_o and_o then_o the_o pistol_n be_v cock_v and_o convey_v into_o the_o receiver_n the_o trigger_n be_v pull_v after_o the_o air_n be_v draw_v out_o and_o though_o the_o place_n be_v purposely_o somewhat_o darken_v yet_o there_o appear_v not_o upon_o the_o strike_n of_o the_o two_o steel_n against_o each_o other_o the_o least_o spark_n of_o fire_n nor_o do_v we_o expect_v any_o have_v before_o in_o vain_a attempt_v to_o strike_v fire_n this_o way_n in_o the_o open_a air_n though_o we_o think_v fit_a to_o make_v the_o experiment_n to_o undeceive_v those_o who_o fancy_n in_o rarify_v air_n i_o know_v not_o what_o strange_a disposition_n to_o take_v fire_n upon_o a_o much_o slight_a occasion_n than_o this_o experiment_n afford_v we_o have_v indeed_o find_v that_o by_o the_o dextrous_a collision_n of_o two_o harden_v piece_n of_o steel_n store_n of_o spark_n may_v be_v strike_v out_o but_o that_o be_v do_v with_o such_o vehement_a percussion_n of_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o two_o steel_n as_o can_v not_o well_o be_v compass_v in_o our_o receiver_n but_o the_o chief_a thing_n we_o design_v to_o do_v with_o our_o pistol_n be_v to_o observe_v whether_o gunpowder_n will_v take_v fire_n in_o our_o empty_v and_o close_o stop_v glass_n whether_o the_o expansion_n of_o the_o flame_n will_v be_v considerable_o vary_v by_o the_o absence_n of_o so_o much_o of_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n as_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o the_o receiver_n and_o whether_o the_o flame_n will_v diffuse_v itself_o upward_o as_o it_o be_v wont_a notwithstanding_o it_o be_v not_o have_v about_o it_o the_o usual_a proportion_n of_o air_n to_o force_v it_o up_o and_o though_o most_o of_o our_o attempt_n to_o fire_v the_o gunpowder_n in_o the_o pan_n of_o the_o pistol_n succeed_v not_o because_o we_o be_v fain_o to_o let_v it_o hang_v almost_o perpendicular_a in_o the_o receiver_n whereby_o the_o powder_n be_v shake_v down_o before_o the_o spark_n can_v reach_v it_o yet_o once_o the_o experiment_n succeed_v and_o the_o kindle_a powder_n seem_v to_o make_v a_o more_o expanded_a flame_n than_o it_o will_v have_v do_v in_o the_o open_a air_n but_o mount_v upward_o according_a to_o its_o wont_a whether_o by_o reason_n of_o that_o little_a portion_n of_o air_n which_o in_o spite_n of_o our_o pump_v remain_v in_o the_o receiver_n or_o for_o any_o other_o cause_n we_o have_v not_o now_o the_o leisure_n to_o consider_v but_o we_o must_v not_o forget_v that_o upon_o the_o extinction_n of_o the_o flame_n the_o receiver_n appear_v darken_v with_o smoke_n which_o seem_v to_o move_v free_o up_o and_o down_o and_o upon_o the_o let_n in_o the_o air_n at_o the_o stop-cock_n begin_v to_o circulate_v much_o fast_a than_o before_o we_o will_v have_v make_v more_o observation_n concern_v this_o flame_n but_o that_o of_o two_o or_o three_o attempt_n we_o afterward_o make_v to_o repeat_v the_o kindle_v of_o powder_n not_o any_o one_o succeed_v and_o we_o have_v not_o the_o leisure_n to_o dwell_v long_o upon_o one_o kind_n of_o trial_n 15._o experiment_n 15._o to_o these_o experiment_n concern_v fire_n we_o add_v another_o which_o though_o it_o succeed_v not_o may_v perhaps_o without_o impertinency_n be_v record_v partly_o because_o that_o as_o we_o have_v in_o another_o treatise_n ample_o declare_v it_o be_v useful_a to_o recite_v what_o experiment_n miscarry_v as_o well_o as_o what_o succeed_v and_o partly_o also_o because_o it_o be_v very_o possible_a that_o what_o we_o endeavour_v in_o vain_a may_v be_v perform_v by_o your_o lordship_n or_o some_o other_o virtuoso_fw-la that_o shall_v have_v slancker_n vessel_n than_o we_o have_v and_o more_o sunny_a day_n than_o the_o present_a winter_n allow_v we_o we_o convey_v then_o into_o one_o of_o our_o small_a receiver_n a_o piece_n of_o matter_n combustible_a dry_a and_o black_a experience_n declare_v thing_n of_o that_o colour_n to_o be_v most_o easy_o kindle_v &_o careful_o close_v the_o vessel_n we_o
the_o organ_n and_o to_o the_o objection_n to_o which_o i_o foresee_v this_o guess_n to_o be_v liable_a namely_o that_o no_o heat_n intervening_a there_o appear_v nothing_o that_o shall_v raise_v the_o water_n into_o exhalation_n and_o give_v they_o a_o impulse_n i_o think_v it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o motion_n alone_o if_o vehement_a enough_o may_v without_o sensible_a heat_n suffice_v to_o break_v water_n into_o very_a minute_n part_n and_o make_v they_o ascend_v upward_o if_o they_o can_v not_o where_o else_o more_o easy_o continue_v their_o agitation_n for_o i_o remember_v that_o travel_v betwixt_o lion_n and_o geneva_n i_o see_v not_o very_o far_o out_o of_o the_o way_n a_o place_n where_o the_o river_n of_o rhone_n come_v sudden_o to_o be_v streighten_v betwixt_o two_o rock_n so_o near_o each_o other_o that_o a_o man_n may_v if_o my_o memory_n fail_v i_o not_o stand_v astride_v upon_o both_o at_o once_o that_o rapid_a stream_n dash_v with_o great_a impetuosity_n against_o its_o rocky_a boundary_n do_v break_v part_n of_o its_o water_n into_o such_o minute_n corpuscle_n and_o put_v they_o into_o such_o a_o motion_n that_o passenger_n observe_v at_o a_o good_a distance_n off_o as_o it_o be_v a_o mist_n arise_v from_o that_o place_n and_o ascend_v a_o good_a way_n up_o into_o the_o air._n such_o i_o say_v be_v my_o suspicion_n touch_v the_o wind_n we_o have_v be_v consider_v but_o it_o seem_v something_o odd_a that_o aqueous_a vapour_n shall_v like_o a_o dry_a wind_n pass_v through_o so_o long_a and_o tortuous_a a_o pipe_n of_o lead_n as_o that_o describe_v by_o our_o author_n since_o we_o see_v in_o the_o head_n of_o still_n and_o the_o neck_n of_o aeolipile_n how_o quick_o such_o vapour_n be_v even_o by_o a_o very_a little_a cold_a recondensed_a into_o water_n but_o to_o this_o also_o something_o may_v be_v specious_o reply_v wherefore_o content_v myself_o to_o have_v mention_v our_o author_n experiment_n as_o a_o plausible_a though_o not_o demonstrative_a proof_n that_o water_n may_v be_v transmute_v into_o air._n we_o will_v pass_v on_o to_o mention_v in_o the_o three_o place_n another_o experiment_n which_o we_o try_v in_o order_n to_o the_o same_o enquiry_n we_o take_v a_o clear_a glass_n bubble_n capable_a of_o contain_v by_o guess_n about_o three_o ounce_n of_o water_n with_o a_o neck_n somewhat_o long_o and_o wide_a of_o a_o cylindrical_a form_n this_o we_o fill_v with_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o fair_a water_n of_o each_o almost_o a_o like_a quantity_n and_o cast_v in_o half_a a_o dozen_o small_a iron_n nail_n we_o stop_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o glass_n which_o be_v topful_a of_o liquor_n with_o a_o flat_a piece_n of_o diapalma_n provide_v for_o the_o purpose_n that_o accommodate_v itself_o to_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n the_o air_n may_v be_v exquisite_o exclude_v and_o speedy_o invert_v the_o viol_n we_o put_v the_o neck_n of_o it_o into_o a_o small_a wide-mouthed_a glass_n that_o stand_v ready_a with_o more_o of_o the_o same_o liquor_n in_o it_o to_o receive_v it_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o neck_n have_v reach_v the_o bottom_n of_o the_o liquor_n it_o be_v dip_v into_o there_o appear_v at_o the_o upper_a part_n which_o be_v before_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o viol_n a_o bubble_n of_o about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o pea_n which_o seem_v rather_o to_o consist_v of_o small_a and_o recent_a bubble_n produce_v by_o the_o action_n of_o the_o dissolve_v liquor_n upon_o the_o iron_n than_o any_o parcel_n of_o the_o external_a air_n that_o may_v be_v suspect_v to_o have_v get_v in_o upon_o the_o inversion_n of_o the_o glass_n especial_o since_o we_o give_v time_n to_o those_o little_a particle_n of_o air_n which_o be_v carry_v down_o with_o the_o nail_n into_o the_o liquor_n to_o fly_v up_o again_o but_o whence_o this_o first_o bubble_n be_v produce_v be_v not_o so_o material_a to_o our_o experiment_n in_o regard_n it_o be_v so_o small_a for_o soon_o after_o we_o perceive_v the_o bubble_n produce_v by_o the_o action_n of_o the_o menstruum_fw-la upon_o the_o metal_n ascend_v copious_o to_o the_o bubble_n already_o name_v and_o break_v into_o it_o do_v soon_o exceed_o increase_v it_o and_o by_o degree_n depress_v the_o water_n low_o and_o low_o till_o at_o length_n the_o substance_n contain_v in_o these_o bubble_n possess_v the_o whole_a cavity_n of_o the_o glass_n viol._n and_o almost_o of_o its_o neck_n too_o reach_v much_o low_a in_o the_o neck_n than_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la liquor_n wherewith_o the_o open-mouthed_a glass_n be_v by_o this_o mean_n almost_o replenish_v and_o because_o it_o may_v be_v suspect_v that_o the_o depression_n of_o the_o liquor_n may_v proceed_v from_o the_o agitation_n whereinto_o the_o exhaling_a and_o imprison_a steam_n be_v put_v by_o that_o heat_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o result_v from_o that_o action_n of_o corrosive_a salt_n upon_o metal_n we_o suffer_v both_o the_o viol_n and_o the_o openmouth_n glass_n to_o remain_v as_o they_o be_v in_o a_o window_n for_o three_o or_o four_o day_n and_o night_n together_o but_o look_v upon_o they_o several_a time_n during_o that_o while_n as_o well_o as_o at_o the_o expiration_n of_o it_o the_o whole_a cavity_n of_o the_o glass_n bubble_n and_o most_o of_o its_o neck_n seem_v to_o be_v possess_v by_o air_n since_o by_o its_o spring_n it_o be_v able_a for_o so_o long_o to_o hinder_v the_o expel_v and_o ambient_fw-la liquor_n from_o regain_n its_o former_a place_n and_o it_o be_v remarkable_a that_o just_a before_o we_o take_v the_o glass_n bubble_v out_o of_o the_o other_o glass_n upon_o the_o application_n of_o a_o warm_a hand_n to_o the_o convex_a part_n of_o the_o bubble_n the_o imprison_v substance_n ready_o dilate_v itself_o like_o air_n and_o break_v through_o the_o liquor_n in_o divers_a bubble_n succeed_v one_o another_o have_v also_o another_o time_n try_v the_o like_a experiment_n with_o a_o small_a viol_n and_o with_o nail_n dissolve_v in_o aquafortis_n we_o find_v nothing_o incongruous_a to_o what_o we_o have_v now_o deliver_v and_o this_o circumstance_n we_o observe_v that_o the_o new_o generate_v steam_n do_v not_o only_o possess_v almost_o all_o the_o whole_a cavity_n of_o the_o glass_n but_o divers_a time_n without_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o heat_n of_o my_o hand_n break_v away_o in_o large_a bubble_n through_o the_o ambient_fw-la liquor_n into_o the_o open_a air_n so_o that_o these_o experiment_n with_o corrosive_a liquor_n seem_v manifest_o enough_o to_o prove_v though_o not_o that_o air_n may_v be_v generate_v out_o of_o the_o water_n yet_o that_o in_o general_a air_n may_v be_v generate_v anew_o last_o to_o the_o forego_n argument_n from_o experience_n we_o may_v easy_o subjoin_v the_o authority_n of_o aristotle_n and_o of_o his_o follower_n the_o school_n who_o be_v know_v to_o have_v teach_v that_o air_n and_o water_n be_v symbolise_n element_n in_o the_o quality_n of_o moisture_n be_v easy_o transmutable_a into_o one_o another_o but_o we_o shall_v rather_o to_o the_o forego_n argument_n add_v this_o draw_v from_o reason_n that_o if_o as_o leucippus_n democritus_n epicurus_n and_o other_o follow_v by_o divers_a modern_a naturalist_n have_v teach_v the_o difference_n of_o body_n proceed_v but_o from_o the_o various_a magnitude_n figure_n motion_n and_o texture_n of_o the_o small_a part_n they_o consist_v of_o all_o the_o quality_n that_o make_v they_o differ_v be_v deducible_a from_o thence_o there_o appear_v no_o reason_n why_o the_o minute_n part_n of_o water_n and_o other_o body_n may_v not_o be_v so_o agitate_a or_o connect_v as_o to_o deserve_v the_o name_n of_o air._n for_o if_o we_o allow_v the_o cartesian_a hypothesis_n according_a to_o which_o as_o we_o note_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o letter_n the_o air_n may_v consist_v of_o any_o terrene_a or_o aqueous_a corpuscle_n provide_v they_o be_v keep_v swim_v in_o the_o interfluent_a celestial_a matter_n it_o be_v obvious_a that_o air_n may_v be_v as_o often_o generate_v as_o terrestrial_a particle_n minute_n enough_o to_o be_v carry_v up_o and_o down_o by_o the_o celestial_a matter_n ascend_v into_o the_o atmosphere_n and_o if_o we_o will_v have_v the_o air_n to_o be_v a_o congery_n of_o little_a slender_a spring_n it_o seem_v not_o impossible_a though_o it_o be_v difficult_a that_o the_o small_a part_n of_o divers_a body_n may_v by_o a_o lucky_a concourse_n of_o cause_n be_v so_o connect_v as_o to_o constitute_v such_o little_a spring_n since_o as_o we_o note_v in_o another_o treatise_n water_n in_o the_o plant_n it_o nourish_v be_v usual_o contrive_v into_o springy_a body_n and_o even_o the_o bare_a alter_a position_n and_o connexion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n may_v suffice_v to_o give_v it_o a_o spring_n that_o it_o have_v not_o before_o as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o a_o thin_a and_o
enquiry_n touch_v bubble_n make_v with_o common_a and_o distil_a water_n 182_o the_o 24_o experiment_n wherein_o the_o inquiry_n be_v prosecute_v with_o other_o liquor_n as_o with_o salad_n oil_n oil_n of_o turpentine_n a_o solution_n of_o tartar_n spirit_n of_o vinegar_n red-wine_n milk_n hen_n egg_n spirit_n of_o urine_n spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o water_n spirit_n of_o wine_n 187_o etc._n etc._n the_o wonderful_a expansion_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n 194_o the_o 25_o experiment_n touch_v the_o expansion_n and_o gravity_n of_o the_o air_n under_o water_n 195_o etc._n etc._n the_o 26_o experiment_n touch_v the_o vibration_n of_o a_o pendulum_n 202_o etc._n etc._n the_o 27_o experiment_n touch_v the_o propagation_n of_o sound_n and_o the_o author_n intention_n of_o try_v some_o other_o experiment_n for_o the_o further_a elucidation_n thereof_o 210_o etc._n etc._n the_o 28_o experiment_n touch_v the_o sudden_a eruption_n of_o bubble_n from_o the_o water_n when_o the_o air_n pressure_n be_v speedy_o remove_v 214_o the_o 29_o experiment_n touch_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o ascent_n of_o fume_n and_o vapour_n wherein_o it_o be_v prove_v from_o the_o several_a motion_n which_o the_o fume_n of_o a_o strange_a smoke_a liquor_n of_o the_o author_n be_v observe_v to_o have_v in_o the_o receiver_n upon_o the_o exsuction_n of_o the_o air_n that_o the_o reason_n of_o their_o ascent_n proceed_v from_o the_o gravity_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n and_o not_o from_o any_o positive_a levity_n of_o their_o own_o 217_o etc._n etc._n the_o 30_o experiment_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o fluid_a body_n illustrate_v by_o the_o example_n of_o smoke_n which_o in_o several_a circumstance_n seem_v very_o much_o to_o resemble_v the_o property_n of_o a_o fluid_a body_n 224_o etc._n etc._n a_o conjecture_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o sun_n undulation_n 228_o the_o 31_o experiment_n concern_v the_o phaenomena_n of_o two_o flat_a marble_n exact_o plain_v and_o wrought_v together_o and_o the_o true_a reason_n thereof_o 229._o the_o author_n intention_n for_o the_o further_a prosecution_n thereof_o &_o what_o hinder_v he_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o under_o marble_n do_v not_o fall_v from_o the_o upper_a be_v only_o conjoynd_v with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n when_o the_o receiver_n be_v evacuate_v and_o a_o notable_a relation_n concern_v the_o cohesion_n of_o flat_a body_n 231_o etc._n etc._n the_o 32_o experiment_n touch_v the_o forcible_a pressure_n of_o the_o air_n against_o the_o outward_a superficies_n of_o a_o valve_n fasten_v upon_o the_o stop-cock_n of_o the_o receiver_n the_o diameter_n of_o it_o and_o the_o weight_n it_o sustain_v 233_o etc._n etc._n the_o 33_o experiment_n touch_v the_o great_a pressure_n of_o the_o air_n against_o the_o under_o superficies_n of_o the_o sucker_n 236_o etc._n etc._n what_o weight_n be_v requisite_a to_o depress_v it_o &_o what_o weight_n it_o will_v lift_v and_o carry_v up_o with_o it_o 239_o etc._n etc._n what_o improvement_n &_o use_n there_o may_v be_v make_v of_o this_o experiment_n 242._o a_o discourse_n touch_v the_o nature_n of_o suction_n prove_v that_o fuga_fw-la vacui_fw-la be_v not_o the_o adequate_a cause_n thereof_o 243_o etc._n etc._n the_o 34_o experiment_n contain_v several_a attempt_n for_o the_o weigh_v of_o light_a body_n in_o the_o exhaust_a receiver_n 258_o etc._n etc._n the_o 35_o experiment_n touch_v the_o cause_n of_o filtration_n and_o the_o rise_n of_o water_n in_o siphons_n 262_o etc._n etc._n a_o relation_n of_o a_o new_a kind_n of_o siphon_n of_o the_o author_n upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o try_v the_o experiment_n late_o observe_v by_o some_o frenchman_n and_o further_o improve_v by_o himself_o and_o some_o conjecture_n touch_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o exhibit_v phaenomena_n 267_o etc._n etc._n the_o 36_o experiment_n touch_v the_o weigh_v of_o a_o parcel_n of_o air_n in_o the_o exhaust_a vessel_n and_o some_o other_o observation_n for_o the_o explication_n thereof_o 272_o etc._n etc._n a_o accidental_a experiment_n tend_v to_o the_o further_a confirmation_n of_o the_o author_n reflection_n upon_o the_o first_o experiment_n with_o a_o digressive_a observation_n note_v the_o subtle_a penetrancy_n of_o some_o spirit_n to_o exceed_v by_o far_o that_o of_o the_o air_n 275_o etc._n etc._n and_o some_o other_o experiment_n to_o show_v the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o ingress_n of_o the_o air_n into_o the_o pore_n or_o hole_n of_o some_o body_n into_o which_o water_n will_v ready_o insinuate_v itself_o 279_o etc._n etc._n with_o a_o conjecture_n at_o the_o cause_n thereof_o 282._o the_o author_n return_v to_o the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o inquiry_n after_o the_o gravity_n of_o the_o air_n but_o first_o upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o tenacity_n of_o a_o thin_a bubble_n of_o glass_n set_v down_o his_o thought_n concern_v the_o strange_a exuperancy_n of_o strength_n in_o air_n agitate_a by_o heat_n above_o what_o the_o same_o have_v unagitated_a 283_o etc._n etc._n and_o then_o proceed_v to_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n by_o a_o aeolipile_n and_o compare_v the_o result_n thereof_o with_o that_o of_o mersennus_n 286._o the_o opinion_n and_o experiment_n of_o divers_a author_n and_o some_o of_o his_o own_o touch_v the_o proportion_n of_o weight_n betwixt_o water_n and_o air_n be_v compare_v and_o examine_v by_o the_o author_n 288._o the_o result_n thereof_o 290._o mersennus_n his_o observation_n reconcile_v with_o that_o of_o the_o author_n and_o the_o proportion_n between_o the_o gravity_n of_o water_n and_o air_n about_o london_n 291_o etc._n etc._n after_o the_o recital_n of_o the_o opinion_n of_o several_a writer_n touch_v the_o proportion_n of_o gravity_n between_o water_n and_o quick_a silver_n the_o author_n set_v down_o his_o own_o trial_n make_v several_a way_n together_o with_o his_o conclusion_n therefrom_o 293_o etc._n etc._n the_o use_n he_o make_v of_o this_o inquiry_n for_o the_o guess_v at_o the_o height_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n 297._o what_o other_o experiment_n be_v requisite_a to_o the_o determination_n thereof_o 299_o etc._n etc._n the_o 37_o experiment_n touch_v the_o strange_a and_o odd_a phaenomenon_n of_o the_o sudden_a flash_n of_o light_n in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o receiver_n the_o several_a circumstance_n and_o difficulty_n of_o it_o with_o some_o attempt_n towards_o the_o render_n at_o reason_n thereof_o 301_o etc._n etc._n the_o difficulty_n of_o so_o do_v further_o show_v from_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o various_a change_n of_o air_n which_o do_v not_o immediate_o fall_v under_o our_o sense_n 315._o this_o last_o proposition_n prove_v by_o several_a observation_n 316._o the_o 38._o experiment_n touch_v the_o freeze_a of_o water_n 319._o etc._n etc._n a_o problem_n concern_v the_o great_a force_n wherewith_o a_o freeze_a liquor_n extend_v its_o self_n propose_v upon_o the_o consideration_n of_o divers_a admirable_a effect_n wrought_v thereby_o 320_o etc._n etc._n the_o 39_o experiment_n contain_v a_o inquisition_n after_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o substance_n that_o remain_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o receiver_n after_o the_o air_n be_v well_o exhaust_v the_o relation_n of_o a_o phaenomenon_n seem_v to_o proceed_v from_o the_o swâ—lling_n of_o the_o glass_n with_o a_o advertisement_n concern_v the_o pliableness_n of_o glass_n in_o small_a price_n 322._o etc._n etc._n the_o 40._o experiment_n touch_v the_o difficulty_n that_o occur_v in_o make_v trial_n whether_o rarefy_v air_n be_v able_a to_o sustain_v fly_v infect_v 326._o &c_n &c_n the_o 41._o experiment_n exhibit_v several_a trial_n touch_v the_o respiration_n of_o divers_a sort_n of_o animal_n include_v in_o the_o receiver_n 328_o etc._n etc._n with_o a_o digression_n contain_v some_o doubt_n touch_v respiration_n wherein_o be_v delivereâ—_n several_a experiment_n relate_v thereunto_o 335_o etc._n etc._n the_o 42._o experiment_n touch_v the_o differ_a operation_n of_o corrosive_a liquor_n in_o the_o empty_v receiver_n and_o in_o the_o open_a air._n 384_o the_o 43._o experiment_n touch_v the_o spontaneous_a ebullition_n of_o warm_a liquor_n in_o the_o exhaust_a receiver_n 388_o the_o conclusion_n 394_o to_o the_o lord_n of_o dungarvan_n my_o honour_a and_o dear_a nephew_n my_o dear_a lord_n receive_v in_o your_o last_o from_o paris_n a_o desire_n that_o i_o will_v add_v some_o more_o experiment_n to_o those_o i_o former_o send_v you_o over_o i_o can_v not_o be_v so_o much_o your_o servant_n as_o i_o be_o without_o look_v upon_o that_o desire_n as_o a_o command_n and_o consequent_o without_o think_v myself_o oblige_v to_o consider_v by_o what_o sort_n of_o experiment_n it_o may_v the_o most_o acceptable_o be_v obey_v and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n perceive_v by_o letter_n from_o some_o other_o ingenious_a person_n at_o paris_n that_o several_a of_o the_o virtuoso_n there_o be_v very_a intent_n upon_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o air_n in_o hinder_v the_o descent_n of_o the_o quicksilver_n
a_o very_a diligent_a examiner_n of_o the_o phaenomena_n of_o windgun_n will_v have_v we_o believe_v that_o in_o one_o of_o they_o by_o condensation_n he_o reduce_v the_o air_n into_o a_o space_n at_o least_o eight_o time_n narrow_a than_o it_o before_o possess_v and_o to_o this_o if_o we_o add_v a_o noble_a phaenomenon_n of_o the_o experiment_n de_fw-fr vacuo_fw-la these_o thing_n put_v together_o may_v for_o the_o present_a suffice_v to_o countenance_v our_o doctrine_n for_o that_o noble_a experimenter_n mounseur_fw-fr pascal_n the_o son_n have_v the_o commendable_a curiosity_n to_o cause_v the_o torricellian_a experiment_n to_o be_v try_v at_o the_o foot_n about_o the_o middle_n and_o at_o the_o top_n of_o that_o high_a mountain_n in_o auvergne_n if_o i_o mistake_v not_o common_o call_v le_fw-fr puy_n de_fw-fr domme_n whereby_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o tube_n fall_v down_o low_o about_o three_o inch_n at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n then_o at_o the_o bottom_n and_o a_o learned_a man_n a_o while_n since_o inform_v i_o that_o a_o great_a virtuoso_fw-la friend_n to_o we_o both_o have_v with_o not_o unlike_a success_n try_v the_o same_o experiment_n in_o the_o low_a and_o upper_a part_n of_o a_o mountain_n in_o the_o west_n of_o england_n of_o which_o the_o reason_n seem_v manifest_o enough_o to_o be_v this_o that_o upon_o the_o top_n of_o high_a mountain_n the_o air_n which_o bear_v against_o the_o restagnant_fw-la quicksilver_n be_v less_o press_v by_o the_o less_o ponderous_a incumbent_a air_n and_o consequent_o be_v not_o able_a total_o to_o hinder_v the_o descent_n of_o so_o tall_a and_o heavy_a a_o cylinder_n of_o quicksilver_n as_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o such_o mountain_n do_v but_o maintain_v a_o aequilibrium_fw-la with_o the_o incumbent_a atmosphere_n and_o if_o it_o be_v yet_o further_o object_v against_o what_o have_v be_v propose_v touch_v the_o compactness_n and_o pressure_n of_o the_o inferior_a air_n that_o we_o find_v this_o very_a air_n to_o yield_v ready_o to_o the_o motion_n of_o little_a fly_n and_o even_o to_o that_o of_o feather_n and_o such_o other_o light_n and_o weak_a body_n which_o seem_v to_o argue_v that_o the_o particle_n of_o our_o air_n be_v not_o so_o compress_v as_o we_o have_v represent_v they_o especial_o since_o by_o our_o former_a experiment_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o air_n ready_o dilate_v itself_o downward_o from_o the_o receiver_n into_o the_o pump_n when_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o incumbent_a atmosphere_n but_o only_o the_o subjacent_a air_n in_o the_o brass_n cylinder_n that_o have_v be_v remove_v if_o this_o i_o say_v be_v object_v we_o may_v reply_v that_o when_o a_o man_n squeeze_v a_o fleece_n of_o wool_n in_o his_o hand_n he_o may_v feel_v that_o the_o wool_n incessant_o bear_v against_o his_o hand_n as_o that_o which_o hinder_v the_o hair_n it_o consist_v of_o to_o recover_v their_o former_a and_o more_o natural_a extent_n so_o each_o parcel_n of_o the_o air_n about_o the_o earth_n do_v constant_o endeavour_v to_o thrust_v away_o all_o those_o contiguous_a body_n whether_o aërial_n or_o more_o gross_a that_o keep_v they_o bend_v and_o hinder_v the_o expansion_n of_o its_o part_n which_o will_v dilate_v themselves_o or_o fly_v abroad_o towards_o that_o part_n whether_o upward_o or_o downward_o where_o they_o find_v their_o attempt_v dilatation_n of_o themselves_o less_o resist_v by_o the_o neihgbor_a body_n thus_o the_o corpuscle_n of_o that_o air_n we_o have_v be_v all_o this_o while_n speak_v of_o be_v unable_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o weight_n to_o ascend_v above_o the_o convexity_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o resistance_n of_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n to_o fall_v down_o low_o they_o be_v force_v by_o their_o own_o gravity_n and_o this_o resistance_n to_o expand_v and_o diffuse_v themselves_o about_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o they_o must_v as_o well_o press_v the_o contiguous_a corpuscle_n of_o air_n that_o on_o either_o side_n oppose_v their_o dilatation_n as_o they_o must_v press_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o as_o it_o be_v recoil_v thence_o endeavour_v to_o thrust_v away_o those_o upper_a particle_n of_o air_n that_o lean_a upon_o they_o and_o as_o for_o the_o easy_a yield_n of_o the_o air_n to_o the_o body_n that_o move_v in_o it_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o the_o corpuscle_n whereof_o it_o consist_v though_o of_o a_o springy_a nature_n be_v yet_o so_o very_o small_a as_o to_o make_v up_o which_o it_o be_v manifest_a they_o do_v a_o fluid_a body_n it_o will_v not_o be_v difficult_a to_o conceive_v that_o in_o the_o air_n as_o in_o other_o body_n that_o be_v fluid_a the_o little_a body_n it_o consist_v of_o be_v in_o a_o almost_o restless_a motion_n whereby_o they_o become_v as_o we_o have_v more_o full_o discourse_v in_o another_o treatise_n very_o much_o dispose_v to_o yield_v to_o other_o body_n firmness_n in_o a_o discourse_n touch_v fluidity_n and_o firmness_n or_o easy_a to_o be_v displace_v by_o they_o and_o that_o the_o same_o corpuscle_n be_v likewise_o so_o various_o move_v as_o they_o be_v entire_a corpuscle_n that_o if_o some_o strive_v to_o push_v a_o body_n place_v among_o they_o towards_o the_o right_a hand_n for_o instance_n other_o who_o motion_n have_v a_o opposite_a determination_n as_o strong_o thrust_v the_o same_o body_n towards_o the_o left_a whereby_o neither_o of_o they_o prove_v able_a to_o move_v it_o out_o of_o its_o place_n the_o pressure_n on_o all_o hand_n be_v reduce_v as_o it_o be_v to_o a_o aequilibrium_fw-la so_o that_o the_o corpuscle_n of_o the_o air_n must_v be_v as_o well_o sometime_o consider_v under_o the_o notion_n of_o little_a spring_n which_o remain_v bend_v be_v in_o their_o entire_a bulk_n transport_v from_o place_n to_o place_n as_o under_o the_o notion_n of_o spring_n display_v themselves_o who_o part_n fly_v abroad_o whilst_o as_o to_o their_o entire_a bulk_n they_o scarce_o change_v place_n as_o the_o two_o end_n of_o a_o bow_n shoot_v off_o fly_v from_o one_o another_o whereas_o the_o bow_n itself_o may_v be_v hold_v fast_o in_o the_o archer_n hand_n and_o that_o it_o be_v the_o equal_a pressure_n of_o the_o air_n on_o all_o side_n upon_o the_o body_n that_o be_v in_o it_o which_o cause_v the_o easy_a session_n of_o its_o part_n may_v be_v argue_v from_o hence_o that_o if_o by_o the_o help_n of_o our_o engine_n the_o air_n be_v but_o in_o great_a part_n though_o not_o total_o draw_v away_o from_o one_o side_n of_o a_o body_n without_o be_v draw_v away_o from_o the_o other_o he_o that_o shall_v think_v to_o move_v that_o body_n too_o and_o fro_o as_o easy_o as_o before_o will_v find_v himself_o much_o mistake_v in_o verification_n of_o which_o we_o will_v to_o divert_v your_o lordship_n a_o little_a mention_v here_o a_o phaenomenon_n of_o our_o engine_n which_o even_o to_o divers_a ingenious_a person_n have_v at_o first_o sight_n seem_v very_o wonderful_a the_o thing_n that_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v admire_v 2._o experiment_n 2._o and_o which_o may_v pass_v for_o our_o second_o experiment_n be_v this_o that_o if_o when_o the_o receiver_n be_v almost_o empty_a a_o by-stander_n be_v desire_v to_o lift_v up_o the_o brass_n key_n former_o describe_v as_o a_o stopple_n in_o the_o brass_n cover_n he_o will_v find_v it_o a_o very_a difficult_a thing_n to_o do_v so_o if_o the_o vessel_n be_v well_o exhaust_v and_o even_o when_o but_o a_o moderate_a quantity_n of_o air_n have_v be_v draw_v out_o he_o will_v when_o he_o have_v lift_v it_o up_o a_o little_a so_o that_o it_o be_v somewhat_o loose_a from_o the_o side_n of_o the_o lip_n or_o socket_n which_o with_o the_o help_n of_o a_o little_a oil_n it_o exact_o fill_v before_o he_o will_v i_o say_v find_v it_o so_o difficult_a to_o be_v lift_v up_o that_o he_o will_v imagine_v there_o be_v some_o great_a weight_n fasten_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o and_o if_o as_o sometime_o have_v be_v do_v for_o merriment_n only_o a_o bladder_n be_v tie_v to_o it_o it_o be_v pleasant_a to_o see_v how_o man_n will_v marvel_n that_o so_o light_a a_o body_n fill_v at_o most_o but_o with_o air_n shall_v so_o forcible_o draw_v down_o their_o hand_n as_o if_o it_o be_v fill_v with_o some_o very_a ponderous_a thing_n whereas_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o pretty_a phaenomenon_n seem_v plain_o enough_o to_o be_v only_o this_o that_o the_o air_n in_o the_o receiver_n be_v very_o much_o dilate_v its_o spring_n must_v be_v very_o much_o weaken_v and_o consequent_o it_o can_v but_o faint_o press_v up_o the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o stopple_n whereas_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o external_a air_n be_v no_o way_n debilitate_a he_o that_o a_o little_a lift_v up_o
the_o juncture_n there_o be_v settle_v a_o round_a whitish_a spot_n or_o two_o which_o at_o first_o we_o think_v may_v be_v some_o stain_n upon_o the_o glass_n but_o after_o find_v it_o to_o be_v in_o divers_a quality_n like_o the_o oil_n and_o salt_n of_o the_o concrete_a we_o be_v distil_v we_o begin_v to_o suspect_v that_o the_o most_o subtle_a and_o fugitive_a part_n of_o the_o impetuous_o ascend_v steam_n have_v penetrate_v the_o substance_n as_o they_o speak_v of_o the_o glass_n and_o by_o the_o cold_a of_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n be_v condense_v on_o the_o surface_n of_o it_o and_o though_o we_o be_v very_o backward_o to_o credit_v this_o suspicion_n and_o therefore_o call_v in_o a_o ingenious_a person_n or_o two_o both_o to_o assist_v we_o in_o the_o observation_n and_o have_v witness_v of_o its_o event_n we_o continue_v a_o while_n long_o to_o watch_v the_o escape_n of_o such_o unctuous_a fume_n and_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n unanimous_o conclude_v that_o all_o thing_n consider_v the_o subtle_a part_n of_o the_o distil_a matter_n be_v violent_o agitate_a by_o the_o excessive_a heat_n have_v pass_v through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o glass_n widen_v by_o the_o same_o heat_n but_o this_o have_v never_o happen_v but_o once_o in_o any_o of_o the_o distillation_n we_o have_v either_o make_v or_o see_v though_o these_o be_v not_o a_o few_o it_o be_v much_o more_o reasonable_a to_o suppose_v that_o the_o perviousness_n of_o our_o receiver_n to_o a_o body_n much_o more_o subtle_a than_o air_n proceed_v partly_o from_o the_o loose_a texture_n of_o that_o particular_a parcel_n of_o glass_n the_o receiver_n be_v make_v of_o for_o experience_n have_v teach_v we_o that_o all_o glass_n be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o compactness_n and_o solidity_n and_o partly_o from_o the_o enormous_a heat_n which_o together_o with_o the_o vehement_a agitation_n of_o the_o penetrant_fw-la spirit_n open_v the_o pore_n of_o the_o glass_n then_o to_o imagine_v that_o such_o a_o substance_n as_o air_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o permeate_n the_o body_n of_o glass_n contrary_n to_o the_o testimony_n of_o a_o thousand_o chemical_a and_o mechanical_a experiment_n and_o of_o many_o of_o those_o make_v in_o our_o engine_n especial_o that_o new_o recite_v nay_o by_o our_o five_o experiment_n it_o appear_v that_o a_o thin_a bladder_n will_v not_o at_o its_o pore_n give_v passage_n even_o to_o rarify_v air._n and_o on_o this_o occasion_n we_o will_v annex_v a_o experiment_n which_o have_v make_v some_o of_o those_o we_o have_v acquaint_v with_o it_o doubt_n whether_o the_o corpuscle_n of_o the_o air_n be_v not_o less_o subtle_a than_o those_o of_o water_n but_o without_o examine_v here_o the_o reasonableness_n of_o that_o doubt_n we_o will_v proceed_v to_o recite_v the_o experiment_n itself_o which_o seem_v to_o teach_v that_o though_o air_n when_o sufficient_o compress_v may_v perchance_o get_v entrance_n into_o narrow_a hole_n and_o cranny_n than_o water_n yet_o unless_o the_o air_n be_v force_v in_o at_o such_o very_a little_a hole_n it_o will_v not_o get_v in_o at_o they_o though_o they_o may_v be_v big_a enough_o to_o let_v water_n pass_v through_o they_o the_o experiment_n than_o be_v this_o i_o take_v a_o fair_a glass_n siphon_n the_o low_a end_n oâ—_n who_o long_a leg_n be_v draw_v by_o degree_n to_o such_o a_o slenderness_n that_o the_o orifice_n at_o which_o the_o water_n be_v to_o fall_v out_o will_v hardly_o admit_v a_o very_a small_a pin_n this_o siphon_n be_v invert_v the_o matter_n be_v so_o order_v that_o a_o little_a bubble_n of_o air_n be_v intercept_v in_o the_o slender_a part_n of_o the_o siphon_n betwixt_o the_o little_a hole_n new_o mention_v and_o the_o incumbent_a water_n upon_o which_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o air_n be_v not_o to_o be_v force_v through_o so_o narrow_a a_o passage_n by_o so_o light_a a_o cylinder_n of_o water_n though_o amount_v to_o the_o length_n of_o divers_a inch_n as_o lean_v upon_o it_o hinder_v the_o further_a efflux_n of_o the_o water_n as_o long_o as_o i_o please_v to_o let_v it_o stay_v in_o that_o narrow_a place_n whereas_o when_o by_o blow_v a_o little_a at_o the_o wide_a end_n of_o the_o siphon_n that_o little_a parcel_n of_o air_n be_v force_v out_o with_o some_o water_n the_o remain_a water_n that_o before_o continue_v suspend_v begin_v free_o to_o drop_v down_o again_o as_o former_o and_o if_o you_o take_v a_o glass_n pipe_n whether_o it_o be_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o siphon_n or_o no_o that_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o thickness_n of_o a_o man_n finger_n be_v yet_o towards_o one_o end_n so_o slender_a as_o to_o terminate_v in_o a_o hole_n almost_o as_o small_a as_o a_o horsehair_n and_o if_o you_o fill_v this_o pipe_n with_o water_n you_o will_v find_v that_o liquor_n to_o drop_v down_o free_o enough_o through_o the_o slender_a extreme_a but_o if_o you_o then_o invert_v the_o pipe_n you_o will_v find_v that_o the_o air_n will_v not_o easy_o get_v in_o at_o the_o same_o hole_n through_o which_o the_o water_n pass_v for_o in_o the_o sharp_a end_n of_o the_o pipe_n some_o inch_n of_o water_n will_v remain_v suspend_v which_o it_o be_v probable_a will_v not_o happen_v if_o the_o air_n can_v get_v in_o to_o succeed_v it_o since_o if_o the_o hole_n be_v a_o little_a wide_o the_o water_n will_v immediate_o subside_o and_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o if_o the_o pipe_n be_v of_o the_o length_n of_o many_o inch_n a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o water_n will_v run_v down_o at_o the_o wide_a orifice_n yet_o that_o seem_v to_o happen_v for_o some_o other_o reason_n then_o because_o the_o air_n succeed_v it_o at_o the_o upper_a and_o narrow_a orifice_n since_o all_o the_o slender_a part_n of_o the_o pipe_n and_o perhaps_o some_o inch_n more_o will_v continue_v full_a of_o water_n and_o on_o this_o occasion_n i_o remember_v that_o whereas_o it_o appear_v by_o our_o five_o experiment_n that_o the_o aërial_a corpuscle_n except_o perhaps_o some_o that_o be_v extraordinary_o fine_a will_v not_o pass_v through_o the_o pore_n of_o a_o lamb_n bladder_n yet_o particle_n of_o water_n will_v as_o we_o have_v long_o since_o observe_v and_o as_o may_v be_v easy_o try_v by_o very_o close_o tie_v a_o little_a alcalizate_a salt_n we_o use_v the_o calx_fw-la of_o tartar_n make_v with_o nitre_n in_o a_o fine_a bladder_n and_o dip_v the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o bladder_n in_o water_n for_o if_o you_o hold_v it_o there_o for_o a_o competent_a while_n you_o will_v find_v that_o there_o will_v strain_v through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o bladder_n water_n enough_o to_o dissolve_v the_o salt_n into_o a_o liquor_n but_o i_o see_v i_o be_o slip_v into_o a_o digression_n wherefore_o i_o will_v not_o examine_v whether_o the_o experiment_n i_o have_v relate_v proceed_v from_o hence_o that_o the_o springy_a texture_n of_o the_o corpuscle_n of_o the_o air_n make_v they_o less_o apt_a to_o yield_v and_o accommodate_v themselves_o easy_o to_o the_o narrow_a pore_n oâ—_n body_n than_o the_o more_o flexible_a particle_n of_o water_n or_o whether_o it_o may_v more_o probabiy_a be_v ascribe_v to_o some_o other_o cause_n nor_o will_v i_o stay_v to_o consider_v how_o far_o we_o may_v hence_o be_v assist_v to_o guess_v at_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o ascension_n of_o water_n in_o the_o slender_a pipe_n and_o siphons_n former_o mention_v but_o will_v return_v to_o our_o bubble_n and_o take_v notice_n that_o we_o think_v fit_a also_o to_o endeavour_v to_o measure_v the_o capacity_n of_o the_o bubble_n we_o have_v make_v use_n of_o by_o fill_v it_o with_o water_n that_o we_o may_v the_o better_o know_v how_o much_o water_n answer_v in_o weight_n to_o ¾_n of_o a_o grain_n of_o air_n but_o notwithstanding_o all_o the_o diligence_n that_o be_v use_v to_o preserve_v so_o brittle_a a_o vessel_n it_o break_v before_o we_o can_v perfect_v what_o we_o be_v about_o and_o we_o be_v not_o then_o provide_v of_o another_o bubble_n fit_a for_o our_o turn_n the_o haste_n i_o be_v in_o my_o lord_n when_o i_o send_v away_o the_o last_o sheet_n make_v i_o forget_v to_o take_v notice_n to_o you_o of_o a_o problem_n that_o occur_v to_o my_o thought_n upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o slow_a break_n of_o the_o glass_n bubble_n in_o our_o evacuated_a receiver_n for_o it_o may_v seem_v strange_a since_o by_o our_o six_o experiment_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o air_n when_o permit_v will_v by_o its_o own_o internal_a spring_n expand_v itself_o twice_o as_o much_o as_o mersennus_n be_v able_a to_o expand_v it_o by_o the_o heat_n even_o of_o a_o candent_fw-la aeolipile_n yet_o the_o elater_n of_o the_o air_n be_v scarce_o able_a to_o break_v a_o very_a thin_a glass_n bubble_n and_o utter_o unable_a to_o break_v one_o
friend_n that_o just_a than_o come_v to_o visit_v i_o a_o ingenious_a by-stander_n think_v he_o perceive_v some_o new_a kind_n of_o light_n in_o the_o receiver_n of_o which_o give_v i_o hasty_o notice_n my_o friend_n and_o i_o present_o observe_v that_o when_o the_o sucker_n be_v draw_v down_o immediate_o upon_o the_o turn_n of_o the_o key_n there_o appear_v a_o kind_n of_o light_n in_o the_o receiver_n almost_o like_o a_o faint_a flash_n of_o lightning_n in_o the_o daytime_n and_o almost_o as_o sudden_o do_v it_o appear_v and_o vanish_v have_v not_o without_o some_o amazement_n observe_v divers_a of_o these_o apparition_n of_o light_n we_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o day_n be_v clear_a the_o hour_n about_o ten_o in_o the_o morning_n that_o the_o only_a window_n in_o the_o room_n face_v the_o north_n and_o also_o that_o by_o interpose_v a_o cloak_n or_o any_o opacous_a body_n between_o the_o receiver_n and_o the_o window_n though_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o room_n be_v sufficient_o enlighten_v yet_o the_o flash_n do_v not_o appear_v as_o before_o unless_o the_o opacous_a body_n be_v remove_v but_o not_o be_v able_a on_o all_o these_o circumstance_n to_o ground_n any_o firm_a conjecture_n at_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o surprise_a phaenomenon_n as_o soon_o as_o night_n be_v come_v we_o make_v the_o room_n very_o dark_a and_o ply_v the_o pump_n as_o in_o the_o morning_n we_o can_v not_o though_o we_o often_o try_v find_v upon_o the_o turn_n of_o the_o key_n so_o much_o as_o the_o least_o glimmer_a of_o light_n whence_o we_o infer_v that_o the_o flash_n appear_v in_o the_o receiver_n do_v not_o proceed_v from_o any_o new_a light_n generate_v there_o but_o from_o some_o reflection_n of_o the_o light_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o other_o luminous_a body_n place_v without_o it_o though_o whence_o that_o reflection_n shall_v proceed_v it_o pose_v we_o to_o conjecture_v wherefore_o the_o next_o morning_n hope_v to_o inform_v ourselves_o better_a we_o go_v about_o to_o repeat_v the_o experiment_n but_o though_o we_o can_v as_o well_o as_o former_o exhaust_v the_o receiver_n though_o the_o place_n wherein_o we_o make_v the_o trial_n be_v the_o very_a same_o and_o though_o other_o circumstance_n be_v resemble_v yet_o we_o can_v not_o discover_v the_o least_o appearance_n of_o light_a all_o that_o day_n nor_o on_o divers_a other_o on_o which_o trial_n be_v again_o fruitless_o make_v nor_o can_v we_o to_o this_o very_a time_n be_v sure_a a_o day_n before_o hand_n that_o these_o flash_n will_v be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o our_o great_a receiver_n nay_o have_v once_o find_v the_o engine_n in_o a_o good_a humour_n if_o i_o may_v so_o speak_v to_o show_v this_o trick_n and_o send_v notice_n of_o it_o to_o our_o learned_a friend_n doctor_n wallis_n who_o express_v a_o great_a desire_n to_o see_v this_o phaenomenon_n though_o he_o be_v not_o then_o above_o a_o bow-shoot_a off_o and_o make_v haste_n to_o satisfy_v his_o curiosity_n yet_o by_o that_o time_n he_o be_v come_v the_o thing_n he_o come_v for_o be_v no_o long_a to_o be_v see_v so_o that_o have_v vain_o endeavour_v to_o exhibit_v again_o the_o phaenomenon_n in_o his_o presence_n i_o begin_v to_o apprehend_v what_o he_o may_v think_v of_o i_o when_o unexpected_o the_o engine_n present_v we_o a_o flash_n and_o after_o that_o a_o second_o and_o as_o many_o more_o as_o suffice_v to_o satisfy_v he_o that_o we_o may_v very_o well_o confident_o relate_v that_o we_o have_v ourselves_o see_v this_o phaenomenon_n though_o not_o confident_o promise_v to_o show_v it_o other_o and_o this_o unsuccessfulness_n whereto_o our_o experiment_n be_v liable_a be_v such_o that_o by_o all_o our_o watchfulness_n and_o trial_n we_o can_v never_o reduce_v it_o to_o any_o certain_a rule_n or_o observation_n since_o in_o all_o constitution_n of_o the_o wether_n time_n of_o the_o day_n etc._n etc._n it_o will_v sometime_o answer_v and_o sometime_o dis-appoint_a our_o expectation_n we_o be_v much_o discourage_v from_o venture_v to_o frame_v a_o hypothesis_n to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o it_o which_o if_o the_o experiment_n do_v constant_o succeed_v may_v the_o more_o hopeful_o be_v attempt_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o follow_a phaenomena_n lay_v together_o some_o of_o they_o produce_v upon_o trial_n purposely_o make_v to_o examine_v the_o validity_n of_o the_o conjecture_n other_o trial_n have_v suggest_v first_o then_o we_o observe_v that_o the_o apparition_n of_o light_n may_v be_v make_v as_o well_o by_o candle-light_n as_o by_o daylight_n and_o in_o whatever_o position_n the_o candle_n be_v hold_v in_o reference_n to_o the_o receiver_n as_o on_o this_o or_o that_o hand_n of_o it_o above_o it_o beneath_o it_o or_o any_o other_o way_n provide_v the_o beam_n of_o light_n be_v not_o hinder_v from_o fall_v upon_o the_o vessel_n next_o we_o note_v that_o the_o flash_n appear_v immediate_o upon_o the_o turn_n of_o the_o key_n to_o let_v the_o air_n out_o of_o the_o receiver_n into_o the_o empty_v cylinder_n in_o so_o much_o that_o i_o remember_v not_o that_o when_o at_o any_o time_n in_o our_o great_a receiver_n the_o stop-cock_n be_v open_v before_o the_o cylinder_n be_v exhaust_v whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o air_n do_v rather_o descend_v then_o rush_v into_o the_o cylinder_n the_o often_o mention_a flash_n appear_v to_o our_o eye_n yet_o we_o further_o observe_v that_o when_o instead_o of_o the_o great_a receiver_n we_o make_v use_v of_o a_o small_a glass_n not_o contain_v above_o a_o pound_n and_o a_o half_a of_o water_n the_o phaenomenon_n may_v be_v exhibit_v though_o the_o stop-cock_n be_v open_a provide_v the_o sucker_n be_v draw_v nimble_o down_o we_o note_v too_o that_o when_o we_o begin_v to_o empty_v the_o receiver_n the_o appearance_n of_o light_n be_v much_o more_o conspicuous_a then_o towards_o the_o latter_a end_n when_o little_a air_n at_o a_o time_n can_v pass_v out_o of_o the_o receiver_n we_o observe_v also_o that_o when_o the_o sucker_n have_v not_o be_v long_o before_o well_o oil_v and_o instead_o of_o the_o great_a receiver_n the_o small_a vessel_n abovementioned_a be_v employ_v we_o observe_v i_o say_v that_o then_o upon_o the_o open_n of_o the_o stop-cock_n as_o the_o air_n descend_v out_o of_o the_o glass_n into_o the_o empty_v cylinder_n so_o at_o the_o same_o time_n there_o ascend_v out_o of_o the_o cylinder_n into_o the_o vessel_n a_o certain_a steam_n which_o seem_v to_o consist_v of_o very_o little_a bubble_n or_o other_o minute_n corpuscle_n throw_v up_o from_o the_o oil_n rarefy_v by_o the_o attrition_n it_o suffer_v in_o the_o cylinder_n for_o at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o these_o steam_n ascend_v into_o the_o glass_n some_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n manifest_o issue_v out_o like_o a_o little_a pillar_n of_o smoke_n at_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o valve_n when_o that_o be_v occasional_o open_v and_o these_o steam_n frequent_o enough_o present_v themselves_o to_o our_o view_n we_o find_v by_o expose_v the_o glass_n to_o a_o clear_a light_n that_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o play_v up_o and_o down_o â—n_v it_o and_o so_o by_o their_o whiteishness_n to_o emulate_v in_o some_o measure_n the_o apparition_n of_o light_n for_o we_o likewise_o sometime_o find_v by_o watchful_a observation_n that_o when_o the_o flash_n be_v great_a not_o only_o at_o the_o very_a instant_n the_o receiver_n lose_v of_o its_o transparency_n by_o appear_v full_a of_o some_o kind_n of_o whitish_a substance_n but_o that_o for_o some_o short_a time_n after_o the_o side_n of_o the_o glass_n continue_v somewhat_o opacous_a and_o seem_v to_o be_v darken_v as_o if_o some_o whitish_a steam_n adhere_v to_o the_o inside_n of_o they_o he_o that_o will_v render_v a_o reason_n of_o the_o phaenomenon_n whereof_o all_o these_o be_v not_o all_o the_o circumstance_n must_v do_v two_o thing_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v difficult_a and_o the_o other_o little_o less_o than_o impossible_a for_o he_o must_v give_v a_o account_v not_o only_a whence_o the_o appear_a whiteness_n proceed_v but_o wherefore_o that_o whiteness_n do_v sometime_o appear_v and_o sometime_o not_o for_o our_o part_n we_o free_o confess_v ourselves_o at_o a_o loss_n about_o render_v a_o reason_n of_o the_o less_o difficult_a part_n of_o the_o problem_n and_o though_o your_o lordship_n shall_v even_o press_v we_o to_o declare_v what_o conjecture_n it_o be_v that_o the_o above-recited_n circumstance_n suggest_v to_o we_o we_o shall_v propose_v the_o thought_n we_o then_o have_v no_o otherwise_o then_o as_o bare_a conjecture_n in_o case_n then_o our_o phaenomenon_n have_v constant_o and_o uniform_o appear_v we_o shall_v have_v suspect_v it_o to_o have_v be_v produce_v after_o some_o such_o manner_n as_o follow_v first_o we_o observe_v that_o though_o that_o which_o we_o see_v in_o our_o receiver_n seem_v to_o be_v some_o kind_n
of_o light_n yet_o it_o be_v indeed_o but_o a_o whiteness_n which_o do_v as_o have_v already_o be_v note_v opacate_v as_o some_o speak_v the_o inside_n of_o the_o glass_n next_o we_o consider_v that_o our_o common_a air_n abound_v with_o particle_n or_o little_a body_n capable_a to_o reflect_v the_o beam_n of_o light_n of_o this_o we_o may_v easy_o give_v divers_a proof_n but_o we_o shall_v name_v but_o two_o the_o one_o that_o vulgar_a observation_n of_o the_o mote_n that_o appear_v in_o multitude_n swim_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o air_n when_o the_o sunbeam_n shoot_v into_o a_o room_n or_o any_o other_o shady_a place_n discover_v they_o though_o otherwise_o the_o eye_n can_v distinguish_v they_o from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o air_n the_o other_o proof_n we_o will_v take_v from_o what_o we_o and_o no_o doubt_n very_o many_o other_o have_v observe_v touch_v the_o illumination_n of_o the_o air_n in_o the_o night_n and_o we_o particular_o remember_v that_o be_v at_o some_o distance_n from_o london_n one_o night_n that_o the_o people_n upon_o a_o very_a welcome_a occasion_n testify_v their_o joy_n by_o numerous_a bonfire_n though_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o interposition_n of_o the_o house_n we_o can_v not_o see_v the_o fire_n themselves_o yet_o we_o can_v plain_o see_v the_o air_n all_o enlighten_v over_o and_o near_o the_o city_n which_o argue_v that_o the_o lucid_a beam_n shoot_v upward_o from_o the_o fire_n meet_v in_o the_o air_n with_o corpuscle_n opacous_a enough_o to_o reflect_v they_o to_o our_o eye_n a_o three_o thing_n that_o we_o consider_v be_v that_o white_a may_v be_v produce_v without_o exclude_v other_o way_n or_o deny_v invisible_a pore_n in_o the_o solid_a body_n when_o the_o continuity_n of_o a_o diaphanous_a body_n happen_v to_o be_v interrupt_v by_o a_o great_a number_n of_o surface_n which_o like_o so_o many_o little_a looking-glass_n do_v confuse_o represent_v a_o multitude_n of_o little_a and_o seem_o contiguous_a image_n of_o the_o elucid_a body_n we_o shall_v not_o insist_v on_o the_o explanation_n of_o this_o but_o refer_v you_o for_o it_o to_o what_o we_o have_v say_v in_o another_o paper_n touch_v colour_n but_o the_o instance_n that_o seem_v to_o prove_v it_o be_v obvious_a for_o water_n or_o white_n of_o egg_n beat_v to_o froth_n do_v lose_v their_o transparency_n and_o appear_v white_a and_o have_v out_o of_o one_o of_o our_o lesser_a receiver_n careful_o draw_v out_o the_o air_n and_o so_o order_v it_o that_o the_o hole_n by_o which_o the_o water_n be_v to_o get_v in_o be_v exceed_v small_a that_o the_o liquor_n may_v be_v the_o more_o break_a in_o its_o passage_n through_o it_o we_o observe_v with_o pleasure_n that_o the_o neck_n be_v hold_v under_o water_n and_o the_o little_a hole_n new_o mention_v be_v open_v the_o water_n that_o rush_v in_o be_v so_o break_v and_o acquire_v such_o a_o multitude_n of_o new_a surface_n that_o the_o receiver_n seem_v to_o be_v full_a rather_o of_o milk_n than_o water_n we_o have_v likewise_o find_v out_o that_o by_o heat_n a_o lump_n of_o crystal_n to_o a_o certain_a degree_n and_o quench_v it_o in_o fair_a water_n it_o will_v be_v discontinue_v by_o such_o a_o multitude_n of_o crack_n which_o create_v new_a surface_n within_o it_o that_o though_o it_o will_v not_o fall_v asunder_o but_o retain_v its_o former_a shape_n yet_o it_o will_v lose_v its_o transparency_n and_o appear_v white_a upon_o these_o consideration_n my_o lord_n and_o some_o other_o it_o seem_v not_o absurd_a to_o imagine_v that_o upon_o the_o rush_n of_o the_o air_n out_o of_o the_o receiver_n into_o the_o empty_v cylinder_n the_o air_n in_o the_o receiver_n be_v sudden_o and_o vehement_o expanded_a the_o texture_n of_o it_o be_v as_o sudden_o alter_v and_o the_o part_n make_v so_o to_o shift_v place_n and_o perhaps_o some_o of_o they_o to_o change_v posture_n as_o during_o their_o new_a and_o vehement_a motion_n and_o their_o vary_a situation_n to_o disturb_v the_o wont_a continuity_n and_o so_o the_o diaphaneity_n of_o the_o air_n which_o as_o we_o have_v already_o note_v upon_o its_o cease_v to_o be_v a_o transparent_a body_n without_o the_o interposition_n of_o colour_a thing_n must_v easy_o degenerate_v into_o white_a several_a thing_n there_o be_v that_o make_v this_o conjecture_n seem_v the_o less_o improbable_a as_o first_o that_o the_o whiteness_n always_o appear_v great_a when_o the_o exsuction_n begin_v to_o be_v make_v while_o there_o be_v store_n of_o air_n in_o the_o receiver_n then_o when_o the_o air_n be_v in_o great_a part_n draw_v out_o and_o next_o that_o have_v exhaust_v the_o receiver_n and_o apply_v to_o the_o hole_n in_o the_o stop-cock_n a_o large_a bubble_n of_o clear_a glass_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o we_o can_v at_o pleasure_n let_v the_o air_n pass_v out_o at_o the_o small_a glass_n into_o the_o great_a one_o and_o easy_o fill_v the_o small_a one_o with_o air_n again_o we_o observe_v with_o pleasure_n that_o upon_o the_o open_n the_o passage_n betwixt_o the_o two_o glass_n the_o air_n in_o the_o small_a have_v so_o much_o room_n in_o the_o great_a to_o receive_v it_o the_o dissilition_n of_o that_o air_n be_v so_o great_a that_o the_o small_a viol_n seem_v to_o be_v full_a of_o milk_n and_o this_o experiment_n we_o repeat_v several_a time_n to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v that_o have_v provide_v a_o small_a receiver_n who_o upper_a orifice_n be_v so_o narrow_a that_o i_o can_v stop_v it_o with_o my_o thumb_n i_o observe_v that_o when_o upon_o the_o exsuction_n of_o the_o air_n the_o capacity_n of_o the_o glass_n appear_v white_a if_o by_o a_o sudden_a removal_n of_o my_o thumb_n i_o let_v in_o the_o outward_a air_n that_o whiteness_n will_v immediate_o vanish_v and_o whereas_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o in_o the_o instance_n former_o mention_v water_n turn_v from_o perspicuous_a to_o white_a there_o intervene_v the_o air_n which_o be_v a_o body_n of_o a_o heterogeneous_a nature_n and_o must_v turn_v it_o into_o bubble_n to_o make_v it_o lose_v its_o transparency_n we_o may_v borrow_v a_o answer_n from_o a_o experiment_n we_o deliver_v in_o another_o treatise_n where_o we_o teach_v how_o to_o make_v two_o very_a volatile_a liquor_n which_o be_v gentle_o put_v together_o be_v clear_a as_o rock-water_n and_o yet_o will_v almost_o in_o a_o moment_n without_o the_o sub-ingression_a of_o air_n to_o turn_v they_o into_o bubble_n so_o alter_v the_o disposition_n of_o their_o insensible_a part_n as_o to_o become_v a_o white_a and_o consistent_a body_n and_o this_o happen_v not_o as_o in_o the_o precipitation_n of_o benjamin_n and_o some_o other_o resinous_n body_n which_o be_v dissolve_v in_o spirit_n of_o wine_n may_v by_o the_o effusion_n of_o fair_a water_n be_v turn_v into_o a_o seem_o milky_a substance_n for_o this_o whiteness_n belong_v not_o to_o the_o whole_a liquor_n but_o to_o the_o corpuscle_n of_o the_o dissolve_v gum_n which_o after_o a_o while_n subside_v leave_v the_o liquor_n transparent_a themselves_o only_o remain_v white_a whereas_o in_o our_o case_n it_o be_v from_o the_o varied_a texture_n of_o the_o whole_a former_o transparent_a fluid_a body_n and_o not_o from_o this_o or_o that_o part_n that_o this_o whiteness_n result_v for_o the_o body_n be_v white_a throughout_o and_o will_v long_o continue_v so_o and_o yet_o may_v in_o process_n of_o time_n without_o any_o addition_n be_v total_o reduce_v into_o a_o transparent_a body_n as_o before_o but_o beside_o the_o conjecture_n insist_v on_o all_o this_o while_n we_o ground_v another_o upon_o the_o follow_a observation_n which_o be_v that_o have_v convey_v some_o smoke_n into_o our_o receiver_n place_v against_o a_o window_n we_o observe_v that_o upon_o the_o exsuction_n of_o the_o air_n the_o corpuscle_n that_o be_v swim_v â—n_o it_o do_v manifest_o enough_o make_v the_o receiver_n seem_v more_o opacous_a at_o the_o very_a moment_n of_o the_o rush_v out_o of_o the_o air_n for_o consider_v that_o the_o whiteness_n who_o cause_n we_o inquire_v of_o do_v but_o sometime_o appear_v it_o seem_v not_o impossible_a but_o that_o at_o such_o time_n the_o air_n in_o the_o receiver_n may_v abound_v with_o particle_n capable_a of_o reflect_v the_o light_n in_o the_o manner_n requisite_a to_o exhibit_v a_o white_a colour_n by_o their_o be_v put_v into_o a_o certain_a unusual_a motion_n as_o may_v be_v in_o some_o measure_n illustrate_v by_o this_o that_o the_o new_a motion_n of_o the_o fresh_o mention_v fume_n make_v the_o inside_n of_o the_o receiver_n appear_v somewhat_o dark_a than_o before_o and_o partly_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o our_o former_o mention_v smoke_v liquor_n who_o part_n though_o they_o seem_v transparent_a while_o they_o compose_v a_o liquor_n yet_o when_o the_o same_o corpuscle_n upon_o the_o unstop_n of_o the_o glass_n be_v put_v
into_o a_o new_a motion_n and_o dispose_v after_o a_o new_a manner_n they_o do_v opacate_v that_o part_n of_o the_o air_n they_o move_v in_o and_o exhibit_v a_o great_a whiteness_n then_o that_o which_o sometime_o appear_v in_o our_o pneumatical_a vessel_n nor_o shall_v we_o content_v ourselves_o with_o this_o single_a instance_n to_o manifest_v that_o little_a body_n which_o be_v range_v after_o one_o manner_n be_v diaphanous_a and_o colourless_a may_v by_o be_v bare_o agitate_a disperse_v and_o consequent_o otherways_o range_v exhibit_v a_o colour_n if_o we_o be_v not_o unwilling_a to_o rob_v our_o collection_n of_o experiment_n concern_v colour_n but_o my_o lord_n i_o foresee_v you_o may_v make_v some_o objection_n against_o our_o propose_a guess_n which_o perhaps_o i_o shall_v scarce_o be_v able_a to_o answer_v especial_o if_o you_o insist_v upon_o have_v i_o render_v a_o reason_n why_o our_o phaenomenon_n appear_v not_o constant_o i_o may_v indeed_o answer_v that_o probable_o it_o will_v do_v so_o if_o instead_o of_o our_o great_a receiver_n we_o use_v such_o a_o small_a viol_n as_o we_o have_v late_o mention_v wherein_o the_o dissilition_n of_o the_o air_n be_v much_o great_a be_v like_a to_o be_v the_o more_o conspicuous_a since_o i_o remember_v not_o that_o we_o ever_o make_v our_o trial_n with_o such_o small_a vessel_n without_o find_v the_o expect_a whiteness_n to_o appear_v but_o it_o will_v remain_v to_o be_v explicate_v why_o in_o our_o great_a receiver_n the_o phaenomenon_n shall_v sometime_o be_v see_v and_o oftentimes_o not_o appear_v and_o though_o that_o conjecture_n which_o we_o last_o make_v shall_v not_o be_v reject_v yet_o if_o we_o be_v further_o press_v to_o assign_v a_o reason_n why_o the_o air_n shall_v abound_v with_o such_o particle_n as_o we_o there_o suppose_v more_o at_o one_o time_n then_o another_o we_o be_v not_o yet_o provide_v of_o any_o better_a answer_n than_o this_o general_a one_o that_o the_o air_n about_o we_o and_o much_o more_o that_o within_o the_o receiver_n may_v be_v much_o alter_v by_o such_o cause_n as_o few_o be_v aware_a of_o for_o not_o to_o repeat_v those_o probable_a argument_n of_o this_o assertion_n which_o we_o have_v occasional_o mention_v here_o and_o there_o in_o the_o former_a part_n of_o this_o epistle_n we_o will_v here_o set_v down_o two_o or_o three_o instance_n to_o verify_v the_o same_o proposition_n first_o i_o find_v that_o the_o learned_a josephus_n acosta_n 9_o joseph_n acosta_n â—at_a &_o moâ—_n hyst_z of_o the_o indle_v lâ—b_n 3._o cap._n 9_o among_o other_o judicious_a observation_n he_o make_v in_o america_n have_v this_o concern_v the_o effect_n of_o some_o wind_n there_o be_v say_v he_o winds_z which_o natural_o trouble_v the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o make_v it_o green_a and_o black_a other_o clear_a as_o crystal_n next_o we_o have_v observe_v that_o though_o we_o convey_v into_o the_o receiver_n our_o scale_n and_o the_o pendula_fw-la formerly_z mention_v clean_a and_o bright_a yet_o after_o the_o receiver_n have_v be_v empty_v and_o the_o air_n let_v in_o again_o the_o gloss_n or_o lustre_n both_o of_o the_o one_o and_o of_o the_o other_o appear_v tarnish_v by_o a_o beginning_n rust_n and_o in_o the_o last_o place_n we_o will_v subjoin_v a_o observation_n we_o make_v some_o year_n ago_o which_o have_v be_v hear_v of_o by_o divers_a ingenious_a man_n and_o see_v by_o some_o of_o they_o we_o have_v with_o pure_a spirit_n of_o wine_n draw_v a_o tincture_n out_o of_o a_o certain_a concrete_a which_o use_v to_o be_v reckon_v among_o mineral_n body_n and_o this_o tincture_n be_v very_o pure_a and_o transparent_a we_o do_v because_o we_o put_v a_o great_a value_n upon_o it_o put_v into_o a_o crystal_n viol._n which_o we_o careful_o stop_v and_o lock_v up_o in_o a_o press_n among_o some_o other_o thing_n that_o we_o special_o prize_v this_o liquor_n be_v a_o chemical_a rarity_n and_o beside_o very_o defecate_a and_o of_o a_o please_a golden_a colour_n we_o have_v often_o occasion_n to_o look_v upon_o it_o and_o so_o to_o take_v notice_n that_o one_o time_n it_o seem_v to_o be_v very_o much_o trouble_v and_o not_o clear_a as_o it_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v whereupon_o we_o imagine_v that_o though_o it_o will_v be_v something_o strange_a yet_o it_o be_v not_o impossible_a that_o some_o precipitation_n of_o the_o mineral_n corpuscle_n be_v then_o happen_v and_o that_o thence_o the_o liquor_n be_v opacate_v but_o find_v after_o some_o day_n that_o though_o the_o expect_a precipitation_n have_v not_o be_v make_v yet_o the_o liquor_n retain_v its_o former_a vivid_n colour_n be_v grow_v clear_a again_o as_o before_o we_o somewhat_o wonder_v at_o it_o and_o lock_v it_o up_o again_o in_o the_o same_o press_n we_o resolve_v to_o observe_v both_o whether_o the_o like_a change_n will_v again_o appear_v in_o our_o tincture_n and_o whether_o in_o case_n they_o shall_v appear_v they_o will_v be_v ascribable_a to_o the_o alteration_n of_o the_o wether_n but_o though_o during_o the_o great_a part_n of_o a_o winter_n and_o a_o spring_n we_o take_v pleasure_n to_o observe_v how_o the_o liquor_n will_v often_o grow_v turbid_v and_o after_o a_o while_o clear_a again_o yet_o we_o can_v not_o find_v that_o these_o mutation_n depend_v upon_o any_o that_o be_v manifest_a in_o the_o air_n which_o will_v be_v often_o dark_a and_o cloud_v when_o the_o tincture_n be_v clear_a and_o transparent_a as_o on_o the_o other_o side_n in_o clear_a wether_n the_o liquor_n will_v appear_v sometime_o trouble_v and_o more_o opacous_a so_o that_o be_v unable_a to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o these_o odd_a change_n in_o our_o tincture_n which_o we_o suppose_v we_o have_v not_o yet_o lose_v though_o we_o know_v not_o whether_o it_o have_v lose_v its_o fickle_a nature_n either_o by_o those_o of_o the_o air_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o that_o occur_v to_o our_o thought_n we_o can_v not_o but_o suspect_v that_o there_o may_v be_v in_o divers_a body_n as_o it_o be_v spontaneous_a mutation_n that_o be_v such_o change_n as_o depend_v not_o upon_o manifest_a cause_n but_o my_o lord_n what_o have_v be_v all_o this_o while_n say_v concern_v our_o phaenomenon_n be_v offer_v to_o you_o not_o as_o contain_v a_o satisfactory_a account_n of_o it_o but_o to_o assist_v you_o to_o give_v yourself_o one_o we_o take_v a_o glass_n vessel_n 38._o experiment_n 38._o open_a at_o the_o top_n and_o into_o it_o we_o put_v a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o common_a salt_n such_o a_o mixture_n as_o we_o have_v in_o another_o treatise_n large_o discourse_v of_o and_o into_o the_o midst_n of_o this_o mixture_n we_o set_v a_o glass_n of_o a_o cylindrical_a form_n close_o stop_v at_o the_o low_a end_n with_o plaster_n and_o open_a at_o the_o upper_a at_o which_o we_o fill_v it_o with_o common_a water_n these_o thing_n be_v let_v down_o into_o the_o receiver_n and_o the_o pump_n be_v set_v a-work_o the_o snow_n begin_v to_o melt_v somewhat_o fast_o than_o we_o expect_v whether_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o exsuction_n of_o the_o air_n or_o because_o there_o be_v but_o little_a of_o the_o snow_n or_o whether_o for_o any_o other_o reason_n it_o appear_v doubtful_a but_o however_o by_o that_o time_n the_o receiver_n have_v be_v considerable_o exhaust_v which_o be_v do_v in_o less_o than_o ¼_n of_o a_o hour_n we_o perceive_v the_o water_n near_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o glass_n cylinder_n to_o frieze_n and_o the_o ice_n by_o a_o little_a long_o stay_v seem_v to_o increase_v and_o to_o rise_v somewhat_o high_o than_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o surround_v liquor_n whereinto_o almost_o all_o the_o snow_n and_o salt_n be_v resolve_v the_o glass_n be_v take_v out_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o ice_n be_v as_o thick_a as_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o glass_n it_o fill_v though_o into_o that_o i_o can_v put_v my_o thumb_n the_o upper_a surface_n of_o the_o ice_n be_v very_o concave_a which_o whether_o it_o be_v due_a to_o any_o unheeded_a accident_n or_o to_o the_o exsuction_n of_o the_o air_n we_o leave_v to_o be_v determine_v by_o further_a trial_n and_o last_o the_o ice_n hold_v against_o the_o light_n appear_v not_o destitute_a of_o bubble_n though_o some_o bystander_n think_v they_o be_v few_o than_o will_v have_v be_v find_v if_o the_o water_n have_v be_v freeze_v in_o the_o open_a air._n the_o like_a experiment_n we_o try_v also_o another_o time_n in_o one_o of_o our_o small_a receiver_n with_o not_o unlike_a success_n and_o on_o this_o occasion_n my_o lord_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o propose_v a_o problem_n which_o shall_v be_v this_o whence_o proceed_v that_o strange_a force_n that_o we_o may_v sometime_o observe_v in_o freeze_a water_n to_o break_v the_o body_n that_o imprison_v it_o though_o hard_a and_o solid_a that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o