after the name of his chiefest Phisition whose brother Musa healed Augustus who also wrote much in commendation of it I have called it in English rather a thorne or thorny plant than a thistle for that it hath no resemblance with any thistle or thistle like plant neither is it venemous or poysonous though violent in heate the Anteuphorbium hath no other name in any Author that hath written of it onely Dodonaeus who first gave us the figures of both these plants thinketh this may be some species of Telephium or Orpine The Vertues Although neither Dioscorides nor Galen have made mention of any purging qualitie in the Euphorbium yet Pliny for got it not making mention thereof in his 26. Booke and 8. Chapter and Mesues hath found and declared it and so hath Aetius Paulus and Actuarius who have exactly delivered their knowledge therein that it doth mightily purge the waterish humors of the dropsie and tough viscous flegme from the joynts and the more remote parts of the body and therefore helpeth the gout and Sciatica by cleansing consuming and eradicating those grosse humors that lie deepely hid in the hollownesse of the joynts and sinewes but because it heateth the body and fretteth the bowels extremely corroding them and the stomacke and inflaming the liver it is necessary that it be corrected before it be given and that it be grossely not finely beaten to pouder as also that such things be mixed with it as may allay the violent heate and sharpenesse and such are cold and aromaticall seedes and such things also as may make it slippery the more easily and speedily to passe away and therefore made into pills with hony may be effectuall and that the quantities of these correctors be so plentifull that they may cover the superficies thereof It being so dangerous therefore the advise to be taken is that it be not used inwardly but in cold windie and temperate bodies and not in hot and dry constitutions but outwardly applied it is of exceeding good use as mixed with the oyle of Wallflowers or any other digesting oyle it wonderfully helpeth all cold diseases of the sinewes as palsies and shakings or trembling of the joynts and sinewes as also crampes and convulsions or shrinkings aches lamenes that come from cold a plaister made up with it oyle and waxe is availeable for all these recited griefes as Galen saith The pouder of Euforbium mixed with Auxungis and anointed cureth all scurfes and scaldnesse of the head and with Beares grease causeth haire to grow on the head or any parts of the body where haire doth usually grow it being shed or not appearing upon some cause applied also with oyle to the temples of such as are drousie dull and heavie to sleepe which we call the Lethargie doth quicken their senses and causeth them to be more lively the nape of the necke being anointed with the oyle of Euforbium recovereth their speech againe that have lost it by reason of the Apoplexie or any other casualtie it being mixed with vinegar and applied taketh away the markes and scarres of wounds and all other foule spots or blemishes in the outward skin The Anteuphorbium is the chiefest if not the onely remedy against the violent heate and piercing qualitie of the Euphorbium for the juyce thereof being very cooling and slimie tempereth it so well and speedily that it never faileth to give ease CHAP. XXX Sena Sene or purging Sene. THere are two sorts of this purging Sene tree differing very little betweene themselves as also three or foure sorts of base or bastard sorts more churlish then the other in working as you shall heare by and by 1. Sena Alexandrina Sene of Alexandria This Sene by the judgement of those that have written thereof groweth not above a cubite high with slender branches set with many leaves together on a ribbe somewhat like unto Licoris being narrow and pointed which being dryed and brought over unto us if they bee 1.2 Sena Alexandrina Italicae Sene of Alexandria and of Italy fresh will smell very like unto fresh new made hay the flowers stand at the tops of the branches one above another being as Matthiolus saith for wee have never seene them beare flower in England of a yellow colour like unto the flowers of Coleworts that is consisting of five leaves laid open but some rather thinke the flowers are formed like unto those of the Spanish Broome or of the bastard Sena called Colutaea as most plants that beare cods do with purveines running thorough every leafe after which come crooked thinne huskes fashioned somewhat like a halfe Moone in the middle part whereof the skinnes of the huskes growing so close together that they can hardly be parted growe flat seed very like unto grape kernels but of a blackish greene colour and somewhat flat Italicâ— the whole plant perisheth as it is sayd every yeare and must be new sowne of them that will have it 2. Sena Italica The Sene of Italy This Sene differeth in no other thing from the former but in the forme of the leaves which are not so narrow and pointed but broader and rounder which difference is plainly to be discerned by comparing the leaves of that Sene that commeth over from Alexandria with that which groweth in Italy and therefore there needeth no more to be sayd thereof The Place The first groweth as it is generally thought in Arabia Faelix and in Syria also as some say and brought to Alexandria in Egypt as many other things are which from thence is transported unto all other Countries The other Matthiolus saith was in his time frequently sowen in the Duke of Florence his dominions in Italy many Acres in a field being sowne therewith they will hardly spring up with any leaves in our Country for experience hath beene made thereof many times The Time They flower in the Summer moneths but in Italy as Matthiolus saith it must not be sowne untill May and will not indure but unto Autumne The Names Mesues and other Arabians call it Sena but Hermolaus Senna it is generally held by all good Authors that it was not knowne to the ancient Greeke and Latine writers Dioscorides Theophrastus Galen Pliny c. or others that did transcribe their copies although some would referre it to Dioscorides his Delphinium others to Pelecynum some to Peplium others to Empetron some to Alypon and others to the Cercis or third Colutea of Theophrastus or to his first Colutaea all which are quite contrary thereunto and can by no meanes agree unto them The Arabians being the first finders out thereof and of the purging quality therein who did much use the huskes or cods as wee call them but later experience hath found the leaves to bee of more effect with us The Vertue The leaves of Sene howsoever used are a very safe and gentle purger as well made into pouder and the weight or a French Crowne or dramme thereof taken in Wine or Ale or broth
likewise an oyle drawne chimically from Turpentine which is singular good to be used in wounds being more drying and consolidating than the Turpentine it selfe as also to warme and ease the paines of the joynts and sinewes caused of cold the water that is distilled with the oyle is used for freckles and spots in the face a scruple in waight of that water taken in white wine procureth a vomite thereby giving much ease to such as have their stomacks overcharged with flegme the oyle is profitably used in hollow ulcers being dropped into them or a tent dipped in it and put into the ulcer it is good also for the wormes and deafenesse of the eares used with a little Oxe gall some use to mingle bay salt and Turpentine together and therewith spread a girdle of leather and tie it about their wastes that have an itch which by wearing some small time will cure the itch that is spread over the bodie as well as the hands Agaricke is a medicine of frequent and familiar use often by it selfe but most commonly with other purgers to open obstructions of the liver spleene and intralls purging flegme in especiall but in generall all other vitious humors offending any member of the body and because it doth somewhat trouble the stomacke and procure casting it is usually corrected with Ginger and given with Oximell that is syrupe made with vinegar and hony for it purgeth both thinne and rotten tough flegme both yellow hard blacke and burnt choller from the head and braine from the breast and lungs from the stomacke liver and spleene from the reines and blacke and from the wombe as also from the joynts sinewes and muscles and here by helpeth to cure the diseases that proceede from them that is such as are troubled with the gout dropsie and falling sicknesse jaundise the chollicke and hardnesse to make water the sciatica or paine of the hips the pale colour in women caused by the staying of their courses the shortnesse of breath the cough and consumption of the lungs the spitting of bloud the paines of the mother the sharpenesse of urine and the wormes it is helpefull also to cure all sorts of agues either tertians or quotidiaus to ease the griping paines of the stomacke and belly or such as have had falles or bruises or are bursten bellied all which actions it chiefely performeth by purging those grosse and vitious humors that trouble the parts and members of the body and are the causes of all these diseases it is an antidote against all poisons and cureth the bitings of Serpents very quickly halfe a drame or two scruples being taken in wine either by the infusion or the pouder for the other diseases afore specified a dramme sliced and put into a gentle purging decoction but not violent or into an infusion is the most generall manner of preparing it to be given if it be boyled in lye with other Cephalicall helpes it much comforteth the braine and memorie and giddinesse of the head to be washed therewith as also helpeth to stay the rheumes and catarrhes thereof and clenseth it much from scurfe and dandraffe CHAP. XLIII Zizyphus sive Iujuba The Iujube tree ALthough in former times there was but one sort of Iujube knowne yet now we have two or three which shall be shewed in this chapter 1. Zizyphus sive Iujuba major The greater Iujube tree The Iujube tree groweth sometimes to be very high but more often to a reasonable height having his stemme or body bowed or crooked and spreading rather in breadth the wood whereof is whitish and hard covered with a rugged barke from whence spread great branches and from the lesser and slender whitish twigges about a foote long full of leaves set on both sides not usually directly one against another but one a little above another with an odde one at the end each whereof is small somewhat broad and pointed at the end dented or finely nicked about the edges with long veines in them smooth and somewhat hard in handling each standing on a short foote stalke and very like unto the leaves of Paliurus or Christs thorne◠at the foote of every leafe towards the toppes of the 1. Zizyphus sive Iujuba major The greater Iujube tree twigges come forth small yellowish flowers of five leaves a peece where afterwards stand the fruite which is somewhat like unto a small Plumme or Olive but a little long greene at the first and then it is somewhat harsh and yellowish after but red and of a reasonable sweetenesse yet sharpe withall and somewhat clammy when they are ripe flat as it were at the lower end next the stalke whose skin is thicker and harder than a plumme and the stone within it is small firme and solid long round and pointed like unto an Olive or Cornelian Cherry stone both for forme and hardnesse all the branches both greater and smaller are armed with thorns two alwayes at a joynt wherof the one is long strong sharpe pointed and staight and the other crooked both of them of a blackish red colour like unto the elder branches the rootes are long and firme in the ground 2. Zizyphus sive Iujuba minor The lesser Iujube tree This lesser Iujube tree is very like unto the former both for the forme of branches leaves and flowers but lower and smaller in all parts the fruite also is alike red when it is ripe with such an hard firme Olive like stone as the former but the fruite hereof is smaller and rounder and not long like as the other is it is as thickely and strongly armed with thornes though somewhat shorter than the other 3. Zizyphus sive Iujuba sylvestris The Wilde Iujube tree This low Wilde Iujube tree groweth much lower and more like a shrubbe than the last and more cruelly armed also with small sharpe thornes the leaves are like but small growing in the same manner but fewer on a twigge the flowers are like the other the fruite is round and red like the last and somewhat lesser but dryer of substance not having such a pulpie substance as either of the former have and more austere even when it is ripest The Place The first groweth naturally in Africa Egypt Arabia Syria those more Easterly Countries frō whence as Pliny saith it was brought into Italy and planted there in his time by Sextus Papinius in the latter end of Caesar Augustus his reigne which now a dayes is very frequent not onely in many gardens and Orchards of Italy but in Provence of France also it is so tender that it seldome abideth long in our Country because it cannot endure the cold The other likewise was brought into Italy in these later times from Syria where it is onely to be seene but with a few that are lovers of rarities The last groweth wilde in the fieldes by the hedges not farre from Verona aboundantly as Pona saith The Time They all shoote forth in Aprill for none of them doe hold their leaves
the same effect and so doth also the distilled water of the herbe and roote rightly made and prepared which is to steepe them in wine for a night and then distilled in Balneo mariae this water in this manner prepared taken with some Venice Treakle and thereupon being presently laid to sweate will certainely by Gods helpe expell any venome or poyson or the plague or any fever or horror or the shaking fit that happeneth for it is an ingredient of especiall respect in all antidotes or counterpoysons never to be forgotten out of them it is so effectuall in the operation against the plague yea it is said that good shepheards doe carefully preserve this herbe and give it their Sheepe for the rot and many other diseases in them for there is not found any roote more effectuall to helpe any fluxe of the belly stomacke spleene or bloud than this prepared after what manner one will to be taken inwardly or applied outwardly the juyce taken doth wonderfully open the obstructions of the liver and lungs and thereby certainely helpeth the yellow jaundise in a short space Some there be that use to make cakes hereof as well to stay all fluxes as to restraine all chollericke belchings and much vomitings with loathinge in the stomacke in this manner take the powder of the roote and of a peece of a Nutmeg beates made up with the white of an egge and as much meale of Oates as all of them come unto which being baked is to be taken every morning one untill you finde helpe or the powder of the roote onely made up with the white of an egge and baked upon an hot tile and so taken Andreas Valesius de radice Chinae pag. 84. holdeth this opinion thereof that the decoction of the roote is no lesse effectuall to cure the French poxe then Guaiâ—um or China because it so mightily resisteth putrefaction Lobel saith that Rondeletius used it in the stead or after in the same manner that he used Hermodactiles for joint aches the powder also or the decoction to be drunke or to fit therein as in a bath is an assured remedy against abortion in women that is when they use to miscarrie often in child bearing if it proceede from the over fluxibilitie or weakenesse of the inward retentive faculties as also a plaister made therewith and vinegar applied to the reines of the backe doth much helpe it doth much helpe likewise those that cannot hold their water the powder taken in the juice of Plantane and is commended also against the wormes in children it is very powerfull in ruptures and burstings as also for bruses and falls to be used as well outwardly as inwardly the roote hereof made up with pellitorie of Spaine and Allome and put into an hollow tooth doth not onely asswage the paine but staieth the fluxe of humors thereunto which was the cause thereof the juice hereof also being drunke is found effectuall to open the obstructions of the liver and gall Tormentill likewise is no lesse effectuall and powerfull a remedy for outward wounds sores and hurts than for inward and therefore it ought to be a speciall ingredient in all wound drinkes lotions and injections for foule and corrupt rotten sores and ulcers of the mouth or secret parts or any other part of the body and to put either the juice or powder of the roote into such ointments plaisters and such things that are to be applied to wounds and sores as cause shall require it doth also dissolve all knots kernells and hardnesse gathered about the eares the throate and jawes and the Kings evill if the leaves and rootes be bruised and applied thereunto the same also easeth the paines of the Scintica or Hippegout by restraining the sharpe humours that flow thereunto the juice of the leaves and rootes used with a little vinegar is also a speciall remedy against the running sores in the head or other parts scabbes also and the itch or any such eruptions in the skinne proceeding of salt and sharpe humours the same also is effectuall for the hemorrhoides or piles in the fundament if they be washed and bathed therewith or with the distilled water of the herbe and rootes it is found also helpefull to drie up any sharpe rheume that distilleth from the head into the eyes causing rednes paine waterings itchings or the like if a little prepared Tutia or white Amber be used with the distilled water hereof many women also use this water as a secret to helpe themselves and others when they are troubled with the abundance of the whites or reds as they call them both to be drunke and injected by a Syring CHAP. XXV Pentaphyllum sive Quinquefolium Cinkefoile or five leafed Grasse THe next unto the Tormentill must come the Cinkefoile to be intreated of not onely for the likenesse of the outward face or forme of the plant but of the properties also as you shall heare hereafter Hereof there are many more sorts found out and now made knowne than formerly there was and therefore I thinke it fit to expresse them in some method and order that is in three rankes the first shall be of those sorts that beare white or whitish flowers the second shall be of those that beare yellow flowers and lie downe with their leaves upon the ground or runne with their rootes the third shall be of those that stand more upright bearing yellow flowers Primus Ordo The first Ranke 1. Pentaphyllum majus luteo flore vel albo Great white or yellow Cinkefoile THis first and greatest upright Cinkefoile hath many leaves rising from the roote each upon his owne foote stalke divided in five parts as if they were five severall leaves dented about the edges and some times round pointed very like the great common yellow Cinkefoile but larger and a little hairy from among which rise up straight or upright stalkes and not much leaning downe to the ground as the next that followeth doth a little hairy also and divided at the toppes into two or three branches and they againe into other smaller upon every one whereof standeth one flower of a white colour and larger than in others but consisting of 〈◊〉 leaves as all others doe in the middle whereof standeth a small downy head encompassed with many red 〈◊〉 yellow threds the roote is somewhat thicke and long and reddish with all 2. Pentaphyllum majus alterum album Common great white Cinkefoile This other white Cinkefoile which is more common with all Herbarists have many leaves growing from the roote divided into five parts each of them somewhat longer a little dented and pointed also at the end greene on the upper side and hoary white underneath betweene these leaves grow weake branches leâ— downe to the ground scarfe a foote long with many such like leaves upon them but lesser than those below the flowers of these are almost as large as those before and of a white colour consisting of five more round pointed leaves than
fourth in Hungary and Austria The fifth and sixth in Candy The seaventh and tenth in Spaine The eighth and ninth on the hils in the Kingdome of Naples as Columna reporteth The eleventh and twelfth in Candy The Time They all flower in Sommer and their seede is quickely ripe after The Names It is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Echium 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Alcibiadion and Alcibion or Alcibiacum of the first finder thereof who being bitten by a Viper gathered this herbe and chewing it and swallowing downe the juice and applying the rest of the herbe to the bitten place freed himselfe from danger Apuleius saith it was called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 theriorrhizon Viperee radix and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 from the forme of the seede which as Dioscorides saith is like the head of a Viper and thereof tooke the name Echium yet some others say from the effects in the rootes to cure the bitings of the Viper in Latine also Echium of most Authours yet of some Buglossum silvestre viperinum Serpentaria and some also tooke it for Anchusa as Thalius and Caesalpinus and under that name saith the seede of the Candy sorts were sent him Cordus on Dioscorides called the first Lycopsis and Lonicerus Buglossum sylvestre Camerarius and Matthiolus mention the second Clusius the third fourth fifth and sixth and the seventh in his Curae posteriores Columna the eighth and ninth and Bauhinus the tenth under their severall titles as they are here expressed the two last by Alpinus in his booke de plantis exoticis It is called of the Italians Echis and Buglossa Salvatica Of the Spaniards Yerva di las bivoras Of the French Borrache sauuage and L'herbe aux viperes Of the Germans wild ocksen song Of the Dutch men wild ossentonghe In English wild Buglosse and Vipers Buglosse The Vertues It is as you have heard by the first finder out of it an especiall remedy against the biting of the Viper and of all other Serpents or venemous creatures as also against poyson and poysonfull herbes it is added further by Dioscorides and others that whosoever shall take of the herbe or roote before they be bitten shall not be hurt by the poyson of any Serpent And I thinke from this and some other the like qualities in herbes to heale the diseases whereof some forme may be seene in them hath come the application of many other whose formes have beene imagined to have beene found in them which they call Signaturae plantarum whereof Crollius in his Basilica chymica hath given demonstration of all the parts of the body from the head to the foote and moreover of many the diseases of the body and of divers other things whereof they that will reade his worke may be better informed that desire the knowledge thereof the rootes or seedes are thought to be most effectuall for the foresaid causes as also to comfort the heart and to expell sadnesse and causelesse Melancholy it tempers the blood and allayes the hot fits of agues the seede drunke in wine procureth aboundance of milke in womens brests the same also being taken easeth the paines in the loines backe and kidneies the distilled water of the herbe when it is in his chiefest strength that is in flower is excellent to be applyed inwardly or outwardly for all the griefes aforesaid There is a syrupe made hereof very effectuall for the comforting of the heart and expelling sadnesse and melancholly which is made in this manner Take of the clarified juice of the common wilde or Vipers Buglosse foure pound of fine Sugar three pound of the infusion of the flowers thereof one pound boyle these gently unto the consistence of a syrupe which keepe by you to use as you shall have cause But because it is somewhat hard to presse forth this juice by reason of the sliminesse thereof it is fit that after you have beaten the herbe well you set it close covered in a cold cellar or other cold and moist place for two daies and nights and then wring or presse forth the juice and clarifie it with the whites of egges beaten and passed gently of it selfe through a thicke Hippocras bagge and because many know not how to make the infusion before spoken of rightly as it should be it is thus Gather of the flowers of the said wild Buglosse a good quantity which you shall put into a pot with some water being made boyling hot aforehand stoppe the pot close untill it be cold and then wring forth the infusion you may renew the infusion by putting in fresh flowers as before once or twice more if you will have it strong of the flowers CHAP. XXX Fraxinella sive Diptamnus albus False white Dittany I Have given you the descriptions of all the sorts of false Bastard Dittany or white Dittany in my former Booke whereunto I referre you I shall onely here exhibite the figure and amplifie the Vertues Fraxinella may more fitly be called false white Dittany then bastard Dittany because there is one already set forth in the first Tribe or Classis by the name of Pseudodictamnus Bastard Dittany least two herbes should be called by one name and then neither should be well understood when they were called for distinct epithites is most requisite therefore to avoid confusion The Vertues The false white Dittany then is heating and drying the rootes which are most in use doe attenuate or make thin grosse humours it openeth obstructions provoketh the menstrnes and urine and clenseth that which is foule and contagious It is very effectually both against poyson and the venome of Serpents and other poysonfull creatures and against the pestilence and other contagious diseases to take a dramme or two of the powder of the roote in wine or broth the same also taken killeth the wormes of the belly breaketh the stone causing it to avoid in the urine it warmeth and cleanseth the matrixe expelleth the dead childe and after-birth if the part be fumigated with it and Penniroyall or taken in Wine it easeth the paines and torments in the inward parts or bowels and healeth inward hurts and wounds it is much commended against the Epilepsie or falling sicknesse and other cold griefes of the head and braines and is hel◠to be of great good use against the French disease to use it with the decoction of Guaiacum Fraxinella vulgaris The most common false white Dittany CHAP. XXXI Galega Goats Rue BEcause this herbe is so effectuall against all infections 1. Galega sive Ruta Capraria Goats Rue I could do no lesse then insert it here and take it from the other leguminous plants where it might be placed which otherwise I would not have done and hereunto I must adjoyne another for the neerenesse both for forme and vertues 1. Galega vulgaris Common Goats Rue The common or most usuall Goats Rue sendeth forth many round hard stalkes foure or five foote high whereon
the roote hereof is like the other and encreaseth by the shooting strings that put forth fresh leaves every year The Place The two first are found in woods and fieldes every where yet the second much more seldome than the former the third and fourth and so likewise the last on divers hills and parts of Germany and France The Time The two first sorts flower in May and sometimes in Aprill the other sort somewhat later as for the most part all mountaine herbes doe The Names This is generally called Prunella for it was not knowne to the ancient Greeke or Latine Writers that can yet be found and Brunella from the Germans who called it Brunnellen because it cureth that disease which they call die Bruen common to souldiers in campe but especially in garison which is an inflammation of the mouth throate and tongue with blacknesse therein accompanied for the most part with a strong burning feaver and distraction of the senses it is also called Consolida minor and Solidago minor and of Camerar us Consolida minima Lobel and some others also with him tooke it especially that with jagged leaves to be Symphitum petraeum of Dioscorides which that it cannot be you shall heare the description thereof as Dioscorides giveth it that is Symphitum petraeum groweth saith he in rockie and stony places with slender small branches like Origanum and with the heads and leaves of Time it is all woody swelling sweete and pleasant in taste yet drawing water into the mouth and causing one to spit it out the roote is somewhat reddish or browne of the length of a finger yet some coppies have it hath branches like Origanum and small leaves and heades like Time this is Dioscorides his text but this herbe Selfeheale hath no wooddy stalkes nor reddish rootes nor smelleth sweete except in some places nor doth it so strongly consolidate or knit flesh together as the great Comfrey doth which is one of the properties Dioscorides appropriateth unto Symphytum petraeum Lobel therefore first imagined that the Coris Monspeliensium should be it Bauhinus also after him saith he did but afterwards he learned that Matthiolus his Symphitum petraeum was much differing his figure being of Coris lutea The first and so the rest are called Brunella by Brunfelsius Dodonaeus and Lobel by Tragus Prunella vulgaris and so by all Authors only as I said before Lobel in his Adversaria calleth this last Symphytum petraeum and Bauhinus Prunella Laciniato folio The Vertues The Selfe heale being so like the Bugle as I said in outward forme is no lesse like it in the qualitie and vertues being by the bitternesse taken to be hot and drie and yet temperate in both degrees and by some thought to be rather more cold in regard it is so powerfull to helpe such an hot sicknesse as the Germane disease called die Bruen which as hath bin in some part said before commeth with inflammation and swelling both in the mouth and throate the tongue rough and rugged or blacke and a fierce hot continuall ague thereon which is remedied chiefely by drinking the decoction of this herbe continually and washing the mouth often also therewith having some vinegar added unto it but bloud letting must be used in the cure and the under the tongue without which it will not or very hardly be effected this herbe serveth for all the purposes whereunto Hugle is applied and with as good successe both inwardly and outwardly for inward wounds and ulcers wheresoever within the body for bruises and falls and other such griefes for if it be accompanied with Bugle Sanicle and other the like wound herbes it will be the more effectuall and to wash or inject into ulcers in the parts outwardly for where there is cause to represse the heate and sharpenesse of humours flowing to any sore ulcer inflammation swelling or the like or to stay the fluxe of bloud in any wound or any part this is used with good successe as also to clense the foulenesse of all sores and to cause them the more speedily to be healed it is an especiall remedy for all greene wounds to soder the lippes of them and to keepe the place from any further inconvenience the juyce hereof used with oyle of Roses to annoint the temples and forehead is very effectuall to remove the head-ach and the same juice mixed with a little Hony of Roses clenseth and healeth all ulcers and sores in the mouth and throate and those also in the secret parts that same ointment that is set downe in the former Chapter is made as often with this herbe instead of Bugle if it be not at hand or if it be yet they are oftentimes both put together to serve to helpe broken bones or joints out of place the Proverbe of the Germans French and others whereof is made mention in the former is no lesse verified as I there said then of this that he needeth neither Physition or Chirurgion that hath Selfeheale and Sanicle by him to helpe himselfe CHAP. XXVII Bellis The Daisie THre be many sorts of Daisies some growing wild both greater and smaller and others in gardens chiefely whereof I have in my former Booke given you the hint of divers but many more is to be spoken of here that is not there set downe which are fitter for this than that place and I am the more willing and thinke it fitter to joyne their Chapter next unto the last because some of them are called Consolida which I would set altogether 1. Bellis major vulgaris sive sylvestris The great white wild Daisie The great white Daisie hath many long narrow and round pointed leaves next the ground cut in on both sides making it seeme almost like the divisions of some sorts of Oaken leaves the stalkes grow to be somewhat high with divers leaves thereon but smaller and lesser divided than the lower at the toppes whereof grow large flowers each upon severall footestalkes consisting of many white and narrow leaves as a pale or border and the yellow thrummes in the middle of no sent at all whose seede which is somewhat long it blowen away with the winde the roote is a bush of white stringes which abide many Winters with the leaves shouting forth every Spring anew Ftore pleno Of this kinde there is one that beareth double flowers differing from the former in nothing else which is set forth in my former Booke 2. Bellis montana major folio acuto The mountaine great Daisie with sharpe pointed leaves This Daisie grow lower than the former and hath much narrower leaves and shorter also not deepely dented nor sharpe about the edges but ending in an exquisite point the stalkes beare but one flower apeece somewhat lesse than the former but else in all things alike 1. Bellis major vulgaris sive sylvestris The great white wilde Daisie 4. Bellis major ramosa umbellifera Americana The great strange white Daisie 3. Bellis Alpina major rigido folio The greater
the Lungs or distillations into the eyes it mightily also purgeth the braine from those humours that are the cause of the Appoplexie and Epilepsie or falling sicknesse it helpeth also to consume the superflâ—â—â— moysture of the head and braines that falling into other parts of the body is the cause of many diseases and muche trouble thereunto the powther of the dryed herbe or roote put up into the Nostrills procureth sneezing which oftentimes doth ease the head-ach the leaves or flowers bruised and made into a salve or poultiâ— with old Hâ—gâ— grease being applyed taketh away blacke and blew spots that come by stroakes or falls or bruises as also all other sores or blemishes in the skinne and is also good for the Goute and Sciatica The true Pelletory of Spaine is most commonly used for the toothach by the root it selfe or with other things to bee chewed in the mouth Galen saith it is to be used with oyle and rubbed on the parts that have shaking fits of Agues CHAP. XXIIII Raphanus Rusticanus Horse Reddish THe kinds of Garden Reddish I have Raphanus rusticanus Horse Reddish declaed in my former Book therefore need not to describe the againe but onely to shew you their Figures and with them the Horse Reddish whose first leaves that rise up before Winter are about a foote and a halfe long narrower and very much cut in or torne on the edges into many parts of a darke greene colour with a great rib in the middle but after these have beene up a while others follow which are greater rougher broader and longer whole and not divided as the first but onely somewhat roundly dented about the edges the stalke when it doth beare flowers as it doth but seldome is great rising up with some few lesser leaves thereon to the height of three or foure foote spreading at the toppe many small branches of whitish flowers made of foure leaves a peece after which come small pods like those of the lesser Shepherds purse but seldome with any seede in them the roote is great long white and rugged shooting up divers heads of leaves which may be parted for increase but it doth not creepe within the ground nor run above ground and is of a strong sharpe and bitterish taste almost as Mustard The Place It is found wilde in some places of this Land but is chiefly planted in Gardens where it joyeth in a moyst and shadowy place The Time It flowreth as I sayd but seldome but when it doth it is in Iuly The Names It hath no Greeke name that I can finde for if Dioscorides his Copies bee true it cannot bee his Raphanus sylvestris called by the Romans Armoracia for hee maketh the roote thereof to bee small and the leaves tender and fit to bee eaten which cannot agree hereunto yet Tragus is confident that it is the Armoracia of Pliny and thinketh withall that it is the Thraciaradix and Liothalassion of Theophrastus lib. 7. cap. 4. which Pliny referreth to the Turneps It is called Raphanus Rusticanus by Lobel and Raphanus vulgaris and Rusticanus by Matthiolus by Dâ—dâ—â—eus Laphanus magna and Radicula magna Armoracia aut Raphanus major by Brunfelsius Raphanus major by Tragus and Gesner Cordus upon Dioscorides and Lonicerus call it Thlaspi majus and magnum and Bauhinus doth in part so judge of it also for he calleth it Raphanus Rusticanus Thlaspi alterum Dioscoridis lib. 2. cap. 13. But Pliny in his 19. booke and 15. Chap. hath faulted much in reciting the kinds of Reddish with the Graecians to make three which he taketh out of Theophrastus lib. 7. c. 4. where he by the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 doth not understand Reddish but Cabbage as the learned doe well know that reade him and that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 with him is as it is thought Raphanus Reddish whereof in the same Chapter he mentioneth five sorts Corinthia Cleoâ—ea Liothalassia Beotia and mother wild sort with Rocket like leaves which Athenaeus calleth Amorhea and Pliny inverting the word Raphanus Raphanus vulgaris Ordinary Garden Reddish Raphanus niger rotuddiore redice The rounder rooted blacke Reddish to Napus calleth viridis the Corinthia saith Theophrastus is the greatest whose roote is bare above ground growing upwards and not downewards as the rest doe Liothalasia called of some Thracia doth best indure the cold Beotia is sweetest the forme being small and round when as the Cleonaea is somewhat long Now let any one referre all these sorts rightly to the kinds of Reddishes knowne to us erit mihi magnus Apollo The Italians call it â—amoracia the French Grand raphaim and grand raifort the Germans Merrettich and thereupon Tahoâ—â—â—tanus calleth it in Latine Raphanus marinus and some Krein or Kren the Dutch Meerradijs and wee in English Horse Reddish Mountaine Reddish and in the North greene Reddish but better I thinke Clownes Mustard for it is too strong for any tender stomacke The Vertues Horse Reddish is hot and drie in the third degree with the roote salt and vinegar is made a Mustard much used with country people and strong labouring men in some countries of Germany c. and in our owne land also but as I said it is too strong for tender and gentle stomackes for as Matthiolus saith to those that use it it hurteth the head and causeth sharpe and soure belchings but it is of much good use in the paines of the raines bladder and stone provoking much urine and helping to separate the gravell from the stone and to expell it being boyled with hony and vinegar into an Electuary it is also a good remedy in strong bodies both for the Cough the Tifficke and other diseases of the lunges as also to procure womens courses that are stopped the same also by provoking vomiting and sweating is often given before the fit of the quartane ague to alter the course the juyce given in drinke is held to be very effectuall for the scurvey t killeth the wormes in children being drunke as also being laid upon the belly the roote bruised and laid to the place grieved with the Sciatica-gout joynt-ach or the hard swellings of the spleene and liver doth wonderfully helpe them all the distilled water of the herbe and rootes is more familiar to be taken with a little Sugar for all the purposes aforesaid CHAP. XXV Rapistrum Wilde Rape or Charlocke IN this Chapter I shall shew you the sorts of wild Rape called Chadlocke or Charlocke with us whereof there are more sorts knowne at these times then formerly were to the ancient writers 1. Rapum sylvestre non bulbosum The wild Rape or Turnep The leaves hereof are very like the garden long Turnep but growing thicker and more plentifully from the roote and more crumpled and rough in handling the roote is long and slender in the rest it differeth not from it 2. Rapistrum aliud sylvestre non bulbosum Another wilde Turnep This other sort hath smaller leaves at the bottome not
Iohannes Mauritius Aliud SAlve Salve venerande Senex Qui genius corculum medulla coryphaeus Botanicorum cluis Quem natura tuusque genius In haec studia impulit Imo vi traxit Jndustria laborque indesessus perfectum dedit Ne vero tibi musilque solis caneres Sed nostrae simul posteraeque aetati pie prospiceres Opus hoc doctum Jupiter laboriosum Summo studio laboreque improbo de dolasti Spretis interim insuper habitis vitae omnibus fere delinimentis Tanquam Vlysses alter Obstructis auribus ad Syrenum cantum Scyllam Charybdimque voluptatis lucrique preternavigasti Quae vere sunt mortalium in hoc vitae solo Scopuli Syrtes Symplegades Vt totum te hisce studiis immergeres Tanquam Alexander alter Controversiarum Botanicarum nodos plusquam Gordios Aut foeliciter enodasti Aut fortiter saltem dissecuisti Hinc merito vivus volitas per ora virum J perge perge Florae supreme mysta De re literaria bene porro mereri Studia haec ad metam evehere Perenne nomen decusque tuum ultra supraque invidiam provehere Qui priscis palmam eripuisti Jnvidiam aequalium posterorum haut facile vitabis Deopere ut de Demostbene olim antiquitas Quo longius eo melius jure dixerim Cujus unica laus admiratio Jdque tui maximum Elogium Amico de his studijs de Patria de se B M. D. D. C. L M. Iohannes Mauritius To my good Friend Mr. Iohn Parkinson MY Age of Verse is out what then shall I Be silent and not open in this cry And generall applause that have more cause Then some that crowded in nor shall the lawes Of friendship draw me from the rigide way Of bare and naked truth and force me say In Court civility more then what I thinke Such compliment is on the very brinke Of flattery and destroyes the very soule And essence of true friendship makes't a foule Commerce of mutuall sordid ends which is The Panacea of humane miseries But whether now my Muse 't was not my end To treate of friendship but to praise a friend This weary worke of thy unwearyed braine Shall doe 't for me and save my further paine But soft that 's onely for the Authour shall I give nought to the Worke which gives thee all Whatsoere th' hast here from us because 't is such As like good wine it doth require no bush It were indeed not needfull if that all Would enter in and taste without a call And gentle invitation as in trade Chapmen passe by nor enter if not made And ply'd yea rudely with a violent hand To such thy Customers which come and stand As 't were at gaze I promise here good ware And cheape all trees all shrubs all herbes that are In the voluminous Dioscorides Theophrastus Galen or Hipocrates Cratevas or th'acute Arabians who Retriv'd this Art first and all th' other too After the generall Deluge of the Goths And swarme of other barbarous Nations moths And cankers of good Letters nor here wants Whatsoere the diligent Modernes have of Plants Omitted by the ancients out of which Gleanings thou here hast made a pretty rich And fruitfull harvest neither dost thou spare T'insert whatsoere the other world doth beare Nor temperaments or vertues dost thou misse Names faculties or properties and this With such a perspecuity the while Order and method that it does beguile The readers paines so charmingly that he Thinkes it compendious though so vast it be And calls for London measure and he has't And I my purpose too saying this at last If any in this subject seeke more now Nature must adde to what th' hast done not thou John Morris Ad Amplissimum doctissimum virum D. Parkinsonium S. R. Magnae Britanniae Botanographum quum absolutissimum Herbarium suum ederet INter res quibus in divina potentia ludit Mira modis merito primas quis dixerit herbas Quis varias formas vires discrimina causas Explicet aut cunctos usus distinguere possit Tentatum multis quorum monumenta supersunt Sudarunt Graij atque Itali Germania Galli Angligenae Belgae nullis labor improbus illo Gentibus intactus Lucem * Parkinsonius Parsonius adfert Jngentem posset jam perfecisse videri Jn queis deficiunt alij paucissima restant Quid tibi pro meritis tantis vir magne precemur Alma Ceres tibi farra dicat tibi dulcia vin◠Bacchus omnimodos fructus Pomona ministret Caetera que spondet jam Nomen Rex tuus addet Posteritas famam quantam mernisse fatetur Tui observantissimus I. D. Leet Lugdum Batavorum To my old Friend and the Kings Herbarist Mr. Iohn Parkinson in praise of his Theatrum Botanicum PHoebus hath fifty times lash't through the signes Since thou intend'st this Iubile of lines And now 't is extant and shall swiftly scou're Through darke oblivion to the worlds lust houre From fragrant ashes of Antiquitie Phoenix-like sprung this is the last shall dye And if old Dodon were alive againe Heere would he wonder hence more knowledge gaine Caspar th' Helvetian and Mathiolus The Tuscan by thy Booke shall vaile to us Heere 's more then growes in the Botavian ground And more then 's in Patavian Garden sound Or vernant Oxfords Plat neere Rivers side By which brave Maudlens Charwell still shall glide Montpeliers flow'ry meadowes yeeld to thee More in thy leaves then on their beds we see Yet thy rich Worke which we peruse and use Th' unwary vulgar rashly may abuse This was not thy intent yet thy good paines Prostitutes noble Physique unto Swaines Yet still enjoy thy Ground and we thy Booke on which Posterity shall ever looke Lodge in the high-bed and at thy beds feete Thy Plants in their moist pallets all shall meete From them to Thee J will transplant that name Semper vivum 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for such must bee thy same Keepe thy Hesperides may thy herbes with thee Still bloome by Prester never blasted bee And seeing by thy hands the day is wonne No night of Age shall cloude bright Parke-in-sunne Scripsit 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 IOANNES HARMARV◠Oxoniensis 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Classes or Tribes contained in this Worke are these 1 PLantae Odoratae Sweete smelling Plants 2 Catharticae sive Purgantes Purging Plants 3 Venenosae Narcoticae Nocivae Alexipharmacae Venemous Sleepy and Hurtfull Plants and their Counterpoysons 4 Saxifrage Plantae Nephriticae sive Calculum frangentes Saxifrages or Breakestone Plants 5 Plantae Vulnerariae Ferruminantes id est Consolidantes Vulnerary or Wound Herbes 6 Plantae Refrigerantes Intubaceae Cooling and Succory-like Herbes 7 Plantae Calidae Acres Hot and sharpe biting Plants 8 Vmbelliferae Vmbelliferous Plants 9 Cardui Spinosae Plantae Thistles and Thorny Plants 10 Filices Herbae Capillares Fearnes and Capillary Herbes 11 Legumina Pulses 12 Cerealia Cornes 13 Gramina Iunci Arundines Grasses Rushes and
Theophrastus and Dioscorides to be one and transferring that which is proper to the one unto the other The sundry fables hereof reported in Matthiolus and others are not fit here to be related who so are desirous to know them may reade them in thir Authors or Relators The Arabians call it Iabora and Yabroâ—ach the Italians Mandragora the Spaniards Mandracola the French Mandragore and Mandagloire the Germans Alraum the Dutch Mandragora and we in English Mandrake The Vertues The Mandrake as Galen saith is of an exceeding cold qualitie even in the third degree yet hath in it some heate in the barke of the roote is some drinesse and in the apple some moisture whereby it is of a soporiferous propertie causing sleepinesse or drowsinesse as Levinus Lemnius in his Herball to the Bible maketh mention of an experiment of his owne that upon a suddaine became drowsie sitting at his booke in his study and musing what should be the cause found that it proceeded from the sent of one of these apples which he had laid on a shelfe therein which being removed he found no further inconvenience the barke or the juice taken therefro is given to those that in their sickenesse cannot sleepe the decoction of the roote in wine also doth the same and is exhibited to those as is aforesaid that are to be seared or a limbe or member to be cut off to induce the lesse sence of paine the condensate juice taken to the waight of one scruple in sweete wine purgeth flegme and melancholy by vomit like unto Hellebor but taken in a greater quantity it killeth it is used also in pessaries either of it selfe or with other emollient thinges to take away the hardnesse of the matrix to procure their courses and to expell the dead birth But see that not above halfe a scruple be used at a time the said juice is also used with those ocular medicines that coole inflammations in the eyes the leaves are likewise used for the same purpose as also impostumes and discusse all hardnesse knots and kernels in the flesh and take away the scars of burning being often rubbed therewith the roote beaten with vinegar and applyed to those inflammations called Saint Anthonies fire doth heale them and applyed with honey or oyle taketh away the sting of Serpents It is said that if Ivory be boild with the roote hereof six houres together it will so mollifye it that it will take what forme or impression you will give it the apples and especially the seeds in them doe purge and coole the hot matrix as Serapio Avicen and Paulus Aegineta after Dioscorides have set downe which peradventure Rachel knowing to be availeable for her hot and dry body which was the cause of her barennesse and her beauty argueth a probability of such a constitution desired the more earnestly the Mandrake apples that Ruben Leaâ— sonne had brought his mother as it is Genesis 30. v. 14. the strong sent of these apples is remembred also Cant. 7 13 although some would divert the signification of the Hebrew word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is the same in both places unto Violets or some other sweete flowers that Rachel desired and the fruite of Musa or Adams apples to that in the Canticles Hamilcar the Carthaginian Captaine is said to have obtained a famous victory over the Libians by infecting their wines with the apples of Mandrake whereby being made drowsie they left their wals unmand CHAP. VI. Solanum Nightshade THere are diverse sorts of Nightshades properly so to be called and there be some other that are referred thereunto for the likenesse of the leaves flowers or fruite or for the properties in the operation Of those that are referred unto the Nightshade I have already spoken of diverse in my former booke whereunto I referre them that would be enformed of them not meaning to repeate their descriptions but denominations in this place which are Mirabilia Pervana the Mervaile of Peruor of the world Pomum amoris fructu majore Apples of love the greater sort Stramonium sive Pomum spinosum majus flore simpli albo purpureo Datura Turcarum flore albo simplici flore duplici purpureo Thorne apples the greater with a single white or single purple flower and the lesser with a single white flower or a double purple flower Solanum arborescens or fruticosum called also Pseudocapsicum Dodonaei or Amomum Plinij Solanum Americanum Cerasa Indiana Tree Nightshade the Mumme tree or Winter Cherry tree Solanum vesicarium or Alkekengi Winter Cherries Potatoes of Virginia called of many apples of youth and of Bauhinus in his Matthiolus Solanum tuberosum esculentum and thought by Clusius that it did in many things resemble the Pycnocomon of Dioscorides moved chiefely thereunto from the likenesse of the figure thereof which he saw in a written copy of Dioscorides that had figures as also that it might be Arachidna of Theophrastus but setteth it downe in his History of Plantes by the name of Papas Peruvianorum and called by the Indians or Spaniards Papas as Gomara and others say and although the common wild Nightshade is not dangerous as divers others are nor planted in Gardens with us as it was in former times to be as a potherbe or salletherbe usually eaten but now adayes utterly refused and therefore called Garden Nightshade yet let me set it with the rest of the familye and not disjoine it from them 1. Solanum vulgare Common Nightshade The Common Nightshade hath an upright round greene hollow stalke about a foote or halfe a yard high bushing forth into many branches whereon grow many darke greene leaves somewhat broad and pointed at the ends soft and full of juice larger than the leaves of Bassill else somewhat like and a little unevenly dented about the edges at the toppes of the stalkes and branches come forth three or foure or more white flowers made of five small pointed leaves a peece standing on a stalke together one by or above another with yellow pointels in the middle composed of foure or five yellow threds set together which afterwards turne into so many pendulous greene berries of the bignesse of small pease full of greene juice and small whitish round flat seede lying within it the roote is white and a little wooddy when it hath given flower and fruite with many small fibres at it the whole plant is of a waterish insipide taste but the juice within the berryes is somewhat viscous like unto a thin mucilage and is of a cooling and binding quality 2. Solanum vulgare baccis rubris Red berryed common Nightshade I call this common Nightshade because it is in all things like the former common Nightshade except that the leaves hereof are somewhat harder and rougher and the berries when they are ripe are either of a yellow or of a yellowish red colour the whole plant growing also little bigger then the other this sort we have had out of Spaine but endured
true kinde and either of ignorance not knowing the right or of wilfulnesses in not enduring to be with drawne from their old errours but our age hath reformed very many of these errours we were formerly nusled up in and no doubt but by the diligent search of divers for the truth both the light that hath risen hath appeared and the darknesse that remaines may be expelled which time must as it hath done in part already bring to passe the pertinatious wilfulnesse of many being the cause that it is not wholly performed as yet Anguillara first and Columna after him doe make this Eupatorium of Dioscorides to be that of Avicen also and so to be both one Dodonaeus because he would not acknowledge the Ageratum of Dioscorides to be the Eupatorium of Mesues runneth himselfe a ground on the dangerous shelfe of two errours namely that the Eupatorium of Mesues and Avices doe not differ and the Eupatorium of Mesues and Dioscorides be both one when as it is in neither of them trâ— for as we shewed in the Chapter of Ageratum that Ageratum was the true Eupatorium of Mesues which differeth much from this of Dioscorides so doth that of Mesues from that of Avicen also which is by the most judicious now adayes accounted to be the first Eupatorium Cannabinum here set downe and as before is sayd was in former times called Eupatorium vulgare yet there is some doubt therein in that Avicen saith the flowers of his Eupatorium are like those of Nenufar or water Lilly which the most judicious know not well how to reconcile but doe verily suppose some errour or mistake to be in the text and although it be not the true Eupatorium of Dioscorides the errour thereof being now reformed both their descriptions and figures inducing the same unto you yet is it not without very speciall properties as you shall heare by and by the second is called Agrimâ—niâ— odorata by Camerarius and Eupatorium alterum odoratum aromaticum by Columna the third is called Agrimonoides of Columna of Bauhinus Agrimoniae similis and of some Pimpinella folio Agrimoniae the fourth was usually called in former times beyond the Seas as I sayd Eupatorium vulgare as Matthiolus and others doe set it downe Fuschius called it Eupatorium adulterinum and Dodonaeus and Thalius Pseudo hepatorium mas Lobel calleth it Cannabina aquatica sive Eupatorium mas Gesner Eupatorium aquaticum Trifolium cervinum aquaticum Baptista Sardus calleth it Terzola Anguillara Gesner in hortis Germaniae Lacuna Lonicerus and Camerarius call it Eupatorium Avicannae This is called in high Dutch S. Kunigunds Kraut that is Herba Sancta kunigdis Wafferdost of the low Dutch Boelkencruiit the fift is called by Cornutus Eupatorium foliis Enulae and I according to the title to put a difference betweene it have set latifolium and the other of the sort which I call angastifolium and hath onely sprung with me and hath not beene mentioned by any before the last which as I sayd is of two sorts the one with divided leaves the other with whole are diversly named by divers for that with divided leaves is called by Tragus Verbena supina by Cordus upon Dioscorides Verbanaca recta by Gâ—sner in hortis Forbesina Bâ—â—endensium and by some as he there saith Conyza palustris Verbesina in his Appendix by Dodonaeus Hepatorium aquatile Ruellius tooke it to be Hydropiper and so did Lugdunensis but yet doth confute his opinion and sheweth the differences as Matthiolus before hath done by Caesalpinus Bidens folio tripartito divisa and by Bauhinus Cannabina aquatica folio tripartito diviso the other with whole leaves is called by Lobel Eupatorium Caâ—binum faemina Septentrionalium by Tabermontanus Eupatorium Cannabinum Chrysantheâ— by Lugdunensis Hydropiper aliud Dalechampii by Caesalpinus Bidens folio non dissecto and by Bauhinus in his â—s Cannabina aquatica similis capitulis nutantibus and in his Pinax Cannabina aquatica folio non diviso that oâ— Virginia may well goe under the same title The Vertues The sweete Agrimony is held by divers to be the more excellent in all the properties of Agrimony but because we cannot have it in that quantity that may serve all mens continuall uses our ordinary sort will serve sufficiently will and effectually Serapio saith it is hot and dry in the first degree and as Galen saith it is of thinne parts 〈…〉 clensing and cutting faculty without any manifest heate it is also moderately drying and binding â—eth the obstructions of the Liver and clenseth it it helpeth the jaundise and strengthneth the inward 〈◊〉 and is very beneficiall to the bowels and healeth their inward woundings and bruises or hurts and qualifieth all inward distemperatures that grow therein the decoction of the herbe made with wine and drunke is good against the sting and bitings of Serpents and helpeth them that have foule or troubled and bloody waters it is good for the strangury and helpeth them to make water currantly and helpeth also the collickeâ— clenseth the brest and helpeth the cough it is accounted also a good helpe to ridde a quartaine as well as a tertiaâ— â—gue by taking a drought of the decoction warme before the fit which by altering them will in time ridde them the leaves and seede saith Dioscorides the seede saith Pliny stayeth the bloody flixe being taken in wine outwardly applyed it helpeth old sores cancers and ulcers that are of hard curation being stamped with old Swines grease and applyed for it clenseth and afterwards healeth them in the same manner also applyed it doth draw forth the thornes or splinters of wood nayles or any other such thing that is gotten into the flesh and helpeth to strengthen members that be out of joynt it helpeth also foule impostumed eares being bruised and applyed or the juyce dropped into them the distilled water of the herbe is good to all the purposes aforesaide either inward or outward The Hempe like Agrimony or Eupatorium Cannabinum is of the same temperature of heate and dryeth for it also openeth clenseth cutteth and maketh thinne those humors that are thicke and tough and therefore is very effectuall for the dropsie yellow Iaundise obstructions of the Liver and hardnesse of the Spleene fulnesse of humors and the evill disposition or habit of the body the juyce hereof drunke is commended much against the impostumes that come of a cold cause within the body and for those that are without the herbe bruised and applyed outwardly the decoction thereof taken before the fits of long and lingring agues doth helpe much to free any from them the same also provoketh urine and womens naturall courses and boyled with Fumiterry in whey and drunke helpeth scabbes and the itch which proceede of salt and sharpe humours but the juyce mixed with vinegar and annointed cureth it outwardly and cureth the Leprosie also if it be taken in the beginning but the juyce being drunke is held to be more effectuall the
whose forme of leafe is more sharpe and pointed than others and not for the sharpe taste to cause that name the Sheepes Sorrell is called Lapatiolum and Acetosella by divers Clusius maketh mention of the first great sort and Lobel Dodonaeus and others of the second Lobel gave first of all others knowledge of the third and Columna of the fourth Bauhinus of the fift sixt and seventh Columna of the eight Prosper Alpinus in his Booke of Egyptian plants of he ninth of the tenth and last none hath made any mention before now Besterus in horto Eystetensi speaketh of the eleventh by the name of Acetosa vesicaria peregrina which Bauhinus calleth Acetosa Americana folijs longissimis pediculis donatis but of the twelfth sort if it be not the same with the second whereunto it is very like no author ever made mention before now and scarce is it knowne to any but the Gentleman of Anglesey called Mr. Morris Lloid of Prislierworth that found it on a mountaine in Wales and shewed it to Dr. Bonham in his life the thirteenth is called by Matthiolus Tenuifolia and so by Lonicorus Gesner Tragus almost all other writers of herbes in our later age and called Oxalis vervecina of Lobel and Ovina of others and arvensis lanceolata by Bauhinus the fourteenth is remembred by Montanus Gerard and Bauhinus All of them deservedly have the name of Sorrell because howsoever they are somewhat different in leafe or roote yet they all agree in the sourenesse although some more or lesse than others The Arabians as Serapiâ— saith call it Humaalh the Italians Acetosa the Spaniards Azederas Azederilha and Agrethas the French Aâ—ills or Oseille Saltelle Surelle and Aigrette the Germanes Sawrampffer the Dutch Surckcle and Surincke and we in English Sorrell The Vertues Sorrell is cooling and drying in the second degree and is prevalent in all hot diseases to coole any inflammation and heate of bloud in agues pestilentiall or chollericke or other sicknesses and fainting rising from heate and to refresh the overspent spirits with the violence of furious or fiery fits of agues c. to quench thirst and to procure an appetite in fainting or decaied stomackes for it resisteth the putrefaction of the bloud killeth wormes and is as a cordiall to the heart which the seede doth more effectually being more drying and binding and thereby also stayeth the hot fluxes of the menstrues or of humours in the bloudy flixe or fluxe of the stomacke the rootes also in a decoction or in powder is effectuall for the said purposes both rootes and seede as well as the herbe is held powerfull to resist the poison of the Scorpion so that he that shall eate thereof shall feele no paine being stung the decoction of the rootes is taken to helpe the jaundise and to expell gravell and the stone in the raines or kidneyes the decoction of the flowers made with wine and drunke helpeth the blacke jaundise as also the inward ulcers of the body or bowells A Syrupe made with the juyce of Sorrell and Fumiterrie is a soveraine helpe to kill the force of those sharpe humours that cause the itch the juyce thereof with a little Vinegar serveth well to use outwardly for the same cause and is also profitable for frettings and gallings of the skin many part and for tetters ringwormes c. it helpeth also to discusse the scrophules or kernells in the throate and the juyce gargled in the mouth helpeth the sores therein the leaves wrapped up in a Colewort leafe and roasted under the embers and applied to an hard empostume botch bile or plague sore both ripeneth and breaâ—eth it the juyce of Sorrell dropped into the eares of such as are hard of hearing helpeth oftentimes the distilled water of the herbe is of much good use for all the purposes aforesaid The lesser wilde Sorrell and so all the other are of the same qualitie and are no lesse effectuall in all the diseases before spoken of CHAP. XI Oxys Alleluja sive Trifolium acetosum Wood Sorrell THere are two sorts of Wood Sorrell the one familiar enough in many places of this Land the other 〈◊〉 stranger as farre as I can learne and onely cherished in the Gardens of those that are curious I have as I said brought these two sorts from their family where they might otherwise be ranked that iâ— among the Trefoiles for their propertie and name also in part 1. Trifolium acetosum vulgare Common Wood Sorrell The common Wood Sorrell groweth low upon the ground without any stalke rising from it having a â—ber of leaves comming from the roote made of three leaves like a Trefoile or Three leafed grasse but broade at the ends and cut in the middle of a faint yellowish greene colour every one standing on a long footestalke which at their first comming up are close folded together to the stalke but opening themselves afterwards and are of aâ— fine soure relish more pleasing than many of the former Sorrells and yeelding a juyce which will turne red when it is clarified and maketh a most daintie cleare Syrup among these leaves rise up divers slender weake footâ— stalkes not growing above them with every one of them a flower at the top consisting of five small and pointed leaves starre fashion of a white colour in most places or in 1. Trifolium Acetosum Vulgare Common Wood Sorrell 2. Oxys luteo flore Wood Sorrell with yellow flowers some dasht over with a small shew of blush and in some but on the backe side onely of any other colour although some have set downe that it beareth deepe coloured flowers I have not seene after the flowers are past follow small round heads with small yellowish seede in them the rootes are nothing but threads or small strings fastened to the end of a small long peece all of them being of a yellowish colour not perishing every yeare but abiding with some leaves thereon in the Winter 2. Oxys luteo flore Wood Sorrell with yellow flowers This Wood Sorrell shooteth forth divers slender weake reddish stalkes trailing upon the ground and taking roote at the joynts as they lie spread into many branches with many leaves on them standing singly one above another and made of 3. leaves cut in at the ends like the former but are much smaller and of a paler greene colour at the joynts with the leaves come forth three or foure small flowers together at the end of a long foote stalke yet each separate from other consisting of small and pointed leaves like the other but of a yellow colour the seede that followeth is brownish like the other but contained in smaller and longer heads like cods or hornes yet not crooked but pointed small which quickly fall away being touched when they are ripe and spring up againe all about where it grew it abideth the Winter withouâ— perishing if it be not too violent else they will rot and perish must be new sowne againe The Place The
first as I said groweth plentifully in many places of our Land in Woods and Wood sides where they may be moist and shadowed and in other places that are not too much open to the Sun the other groweth in divers shadowie places about Sevill in Spaine and in Gardens at Mompelier The Time The first flowreth early in Aprill and May the other after Midsommer and so continueth in flower untill the Autume colds perish it and the seede is ripe in the meane time The Names It is generally taken to be the Oxys of Pliny whereof he speaketh in his 27 Booke and 12. Chapter but not the Oxytriphyllum although Tragus and Lacuna did so call it because the name did somewhat agree thereto but that it is an other herbe whose sharpe pointed leaves and not the sharpe taste caused this name for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Greeke word doth signifie both sharpenesse in forme and in taste It is called Trifolium acetesum of divers which is the same in signification as I said with Oxytriphyllum and of some Panis Cuculi Cuckowbreade eyther because the Cuckowes delight to feede thereon or that it beginneth to blossome when the Cuckow beginneth to utter her voyce it is called by the Apothecaries in their shoppes Alleluja and Lujula the one because about that time it is in flower when Alleluja in antient times was wont to bee sung in the Churches the other came corruptly from Iuliola as they of Calabria in Naples doe call it as Scaliger upon Theophrastus de causis plantaruâ— saith yet it is there set downe Alleluja but I thinke it rather should be Lujula The other is called Oxys flore luteâ— of Clusius and Oxys lutea corniculata repens of Lobel and of Bauhinus Trifolium acetosum corniculatum The Italians call it Trifolio acetosâ— Pan cuculi and Alleluja the French Pain de coqu the Germans Sawerklee the Dutch Coeckcoâ—breâ—t and we in English Wood Sorrell Wood sower Stabbewort and Sorrell dubois The Vertues Wood Sorrell is cold and dry as the other Sorrells are and serveth to all the purposes that they doe being as effectuall if not more especially in hindring the putrefaction of blood and ulcers in the mouth and body and in cooling and tempering distempered heats and inflammations to quench thirst to strengthen a weake stomacke to procure an appetite to stay vomiting and most singularly excellent in any contagious sicknesse or pestilentiall Feaver the Syrupe made of the juice is effectuall in all the causes aforesaid and so is the distilled water of the herbe also Spunges or linnen clothes wet in the juice and applyed outwardly to any hot tumors and inflammations doth exceedingly coole and helpe them the same juice taken into the mouth and there gargled for some time and after spit forth and fresh taken will wonderfully helpe a stinking foule Canker or Vlcer therein it is also singular good in wounds punctures thrusts and stabbes into the body to stay the bleeding and to clense and heale the wounds speedily and helpeth well also to stay any hot defluxions or catarrhes upon the Throat and Lungs CHAP. XII Atriplex sylvestris Wilde Arrache THe two sorts of garden Arrache are already set forth in my former booke there remaine divers other sorts to be declared as well such as for their raritie and beauty wee nurse up in our Gardens as grow wilde whereunto I would also joyne the Sea plant to set them all together 1. Atriplex baccifera rubra The red berried Arrache This beautifull small plant sendeth forth divers slender branches somewhat wooddy about a foote high or more or lesse as the place where it groweth will produce with a small cornered leafe like the broad leafed wilde Arrache set at the joynts one above another and at every of the said joynts with the leafe from the lowest almost standeth a small red berry cluster fashion that is many small graynes set together like a Mulberry cleare and almost transparant full of an excellent juice as red as blood or Claret wine which being bruised upon the backe of the hand while it is fresh will seeme as if you had drawne blood out thereof which berry being dry groweth blackish and containeth within it small blackish seede and will still spring up every yeare if it be suffered to shed the roote is small and fibrous perishing after seede time 2. Atriplex sylvestris lappulas habens Wilde Arrache with small berries This Arrache likewise is small even smaller then the other whose branches doe not exceede an hand breadth or halfe a foote at the most set with such like small cornered and pointed leaves as in the other every one standing upon a short footestalke at every joynt with the leafe even almost from the bottome commeth forth two very small berries or burres of the bignesse of a Coriander seede containing therein small blacke seede like the last the roote is small and wooddy perishing every yeare after seedetime Of this kind there is another that beareth greater burres leaves and stalkes not differing in any thing else 3. Atriplex sylvestris fructu compresso roseo Wilde Arrache with flat Roselike berries This other wilde Arrache hath a whitish hard round stalke about a foote and a halfe high spreading forth into many the like branches and they againe shooting forth other smaller ones which bow themselves downe a little whereon are placed small hoary or mealy leaves no bigger then the nayle of ones finger waved and cut into corners on the edges like the wilde Arrache called Goosefoote every one closing the stalke and branches without any footestalke at every of these leaves commeth forth a most dainty broad and flat coloured fruite made as it were of leaves raysed up a little in the middle having foure other eminences at the brims or edges yet so set as that the brims or edges are betweene them somewhat like unto the folding of the leaves in a Rose as it is painted in every one of which foure aforesaid eminences is contained one flat seede of a reasonable bignesse 4. Atriplex marina repens Creeping Sea Arrache This Sea Arrache creepeth upon the ground with many hoary white branches and mealy white leaves set on them without order cut in on the edges or nere at the bottome and pointed at the ends somewhat like unto a small Goosefoote leafe at the toppes of the branches grow divers slender hoary yellowish spikes of seede set close together like clusters the roote is great with many strings and perisheth not and is of a saltish taste although bred up in a Garden sometimes it will turne reddish like the Garden red Arrache and sometimes nothing so â—aly but rather greene 5. Atriplex maritima angustifolia Narrow leafed Sea Arrache It groweth up with an hoary and wooddy stalke a foote high spread at the toppe into many small branches spotted with blacke spots which end in long yellow spikes of clustering seede like the former the leaves that grow below are somewhat long
belly and will a little force it downeward but being more used it worketh not so at all but rather cooleth an hot or fainting stomacke helping the digestion being temperately taken but at Sea by the working thereof it is made more comfortable taking away the crudity and rawnesse of the water CHAP. LXXIII Malus The Apple tree THe Apple likewise is divided into tame or manured and wilde the one serving for Orchards to be tended and regarded the other to be left to the Woods and Hedge rowes of fieldes c. as I did therefore with Peares in the former Chapter so I meane to deale with Apples in this give you a generall description both of tame and wilde and the other sorts that is especially the Wildings or Crabbes which were not mentioned in my former Booke 1. Malus vulgaris The common Apple tree The Apple tree in generall spreadeth his armes and branches more then the Peare tree but riseth not to that height the leaves are somewhat round a little long pointed towards the ends of them and dented about the edges greene both above and below the flowers white and a little blush coloured about the edges consisting of five leaves the fruite that followeth in this as in the former is of divers sizes formes colours and tastes and likewise of variable ripening and lasting for some will be rotten before others be ripe and some must be spent before others be gathered The double bâ—ossomed Apple differeth from the former in nothing but in the flowers which are double and that it beareth no fruite Flore duplici 2. Malus sylvestris The Wilding or Crabbe tree The Crabbe groweth somewhat like the Apple tree but full of thornes and thicker of branches the flowers are alike but the fruite is generally small and very sower yet some more then others which the Country people to amend doe usually rost them at the fire and make them their Winters junckets whereof some are redder or whiter or greener or yellower then others being seldome much regarded or distinguished more then to make Cyder or Verd juyce of all sorts being indifferently put together 3. Chamae malus The dwarfe or Paradise Apple The Paradise Apple is also a kinde of wilde Apple yet no Crab for it is not grafted like the manured sorts but as the Crab riseth without grafting to be a tree of low stature not much higher then a man may reach having leaves and flowers like the former the fruit is of a reasonable size faire and yellowish but light and spongy of a bitter sweet taste not pleasant and will not last long but quickely shrinke and wither the body and branches are much subject to the Canker which will quickely eate it round and kill it and besides will have many scabby bunches that deforme it and cause it to perish and this as it groweth elder for it is full of suckers from the roote which will be as faire and smoth as of any other tree Of the manured sort there is one whose flowers are wholly white smaller the tree lower and the fruit smaller Pâ—manana There is another which hath no kernels within the core Of the manured kinde the Holland Pippin must be remembred which is a flat and yellowish greene Pippin and of as good a rellish as most of the other Pippins and of a meane size Of Wildings or Crabs there is the Towne Crab the greater and lesser red Crab the greater and lesser white Crab and the small hedge Crabbe Maâ—us The Apple tree Malus sylvestris The Wilding or Crabbe tree The Place and Time The better sorts of Apples are planted in Orchards and some of the other as the dwarfe kinde the Wildings or Crabs grow in Woods generally yet are planted in the hedges in many Countries of this Land to make Cyder withall the Apples in generall flower and bud forth leaves later then Peares and ripen earlier or later for the most part according to the kinde The Names It is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and the fruite 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Malus and Malum or Pomus and Pomum yet Pomum is a generall word including thâ— fruites of many other trees for some would distinguish all sorts of fruites into Pomum and Nacem but Scaliger saith the opinion of those Grammarians is too ridiculous it is therefore usually called Malus but yet that word likewise is referred to divers other kindes of trees as Malus Cydoma sive Cotonea Malus Medicavel Citria Malus Limonia Malus Auraea sen Aurantia Malus Persica Malus Punica Malus Arminiaca vel praecocia and many others and Pliny numbreth Zizypha and Tuberes among them who reciteth the names of a number of sorts frequent with them as he doth every where with other sorts of fruites which to relate here were impertinent especially to us who can apply but very few of them to those sorts are knowne among us and to save time to spend to better purpose Cornarius taketh the Castiana mala which Columella calleth Sestiana to be the Arantia Orenge but Galen appointing the Castiana mala to be boyled to give one for the head ache did not meane the Orenge which was neither knowne to him or in his time nor yet is used to be boyled The Arabians call it Tusa and Tufalia the Italians Mele the Spaniards Mansanas the French Pomier and Pome the Germanes Depffell and Apffell the Dutch Appel and we Apple The Vertues Apples in generall are cold and windy and being of sundry tastes Galen sheweth thereby how to distinguish them for some have an austere taste and are good for fainting stomackes and loose bellyes others sowre good to coole and quench thirst and some sharpe fit to cut grosse flegme some sweete soone distributed in the body and as quickly passed away yet sooner corrupting in the stomacke if they be stayed the best sorts before they be thorough ripe are to be avoyded then to be rosted or scalded is the best way to take them and a little spice or seedes mixed or cast upon them and taken after meate doe strengthen both stomacke and bowels especially in those that either loathe their meate or hardly digest it and for those that are given to casting or have a flixe or laske those that are not sweete but rather a little sowre or harsh used in that manner are fittest Sweete Apples doe loosen the belly and thereby drive forth the wormes that are therein sower Apples stoppe the belly and provoke vrine Crabs for this purpose are the fittest The sweete Apples as the Pippin and Pearemaine helpe to dissolve Melancholly humours to procure mirth and expell heavinesse and therefore are fittest for Confectio Alkermes and Syrupus de pomis The leaves boyled and given to drinke in hot agues and where the heate of the liver and stomacke causeth the lippes to breake out and the throate to grow dry harsh and furred is very good to wash and gargle it withall and to drinke
great preservative in the Plague or pestilence and against the venome or poyson of Serpents and harmefull creatures and therefore is put into Antidotes and counter poysons it is a singular remedy for a stinking breath fasteneth loose teeth and stayeth the shedding of the haire being used with Ladanum and the wine of Mirtles it helpeth mattering eares and watering eyes and taketh away the filme or skinne that beginneth to grow over and darken the sight it helpeth to breede flesh in deepe wounds and to cover naked bones Matthiolus commendeth it as a singular fucus for the face to take away wrinckles that come by age and to make it smooth and youthfull to be made into an oyle as it is called or rather the liquour of Myrrhe which is made with egges boyled hard cut in the middle the yolkes taken forth and filled up with pouther of Myrrhe then put into a glasse and set in a Wine celler or moist place and with this liquour to be bedewed As also another way that is by sprinckling with white wine a new iron dish or pan made hot in the fire and taking first the fumes thereof unto the face being covered over with a cloth and then the fumes of Myrrhe in pouther afterwards cast on it being heated againe and the head covered as before and this still to be used before bed time for eight dayes together CHAP. XLI Nardus Indica sive Spica Nardi Spicknard GArcias ab Orta intreating of this Spikenard testifieth that there is but one sort knowne and used as well by the Indian and Turkish as the Persian and Arabian Physitions and although some would intimate that this is not that was used by the Ancients in that Pliny setteth it downe lib 12. c. 12. that it was not to be had but at an excessive price yet that hindereth not in regard both all the Countryes of the Indies are better husbanded then heretofore and especially that since the Portingalls had opened the way by Sea all sorts of Drugges were provided better and better cheape by much the charge of Caravans being excessive chargeable by their long journey and travaile but I thinke both the Drugges and the Indies by being more sought by Venetians and other Christians was the beginning of the reformations for when Arabians and the like were the chiefe Merchants Nardus Indica Spicknard much bad Merchandize was dearely sold howsoever cheapely bought and I thinke much more adulterated both by them and Iewes and the Indians also were not behind to sophisticate whatsoever they could which the Christians I verily suppose did somewhat alter when they became great Merchants for Europe and since is rectified more and more when onely the sincere and pure is bought and the other left on their hand to mend if they can but yet it falleth out that the blinde eateth many a flye I meane the ignorant is often deluded who through covetousnesse oftentimes letteth passe the better to take the worser at cheaper rates but to the purpose in hand This Spicknard groweth not in many places and where it doth it is not very plentifull it is a roote yet called a Spike because it shooteth up hairy stalkes of hairy like Spikes many set together of a brownish colour and whereas Dioscorides saith the roote is of no use yee must understand the word in a double sense the rootes that Dioscorides meant be the short fibres whereby it draweth its nourishment and encrease from the earth and these indeed be unprofitable and of no use but the rootes that Galen speaketh of are the Spikes themselves or Spicknard for so he calleth them both lib. 1. De Antidotis thus saying Iubet Andromachus adijcere Nardum Indicam ea vero est quam spicam vocant non quod spica fit radix enim est sed quod spicae formam referat And in lib. 9. de comp med sec locos He useth somewhat neere the same words but in that some object it is not of a sweet sent such as Dioscorides recordeth of it Garcias saith while it is fresh it is sweete but time may decay some part of the sent and besides sweete smells were otherwise taken with the Auncicients then with us witnesse many things as Galbanum Allium c. were reckoned sweete much differing from the opinions now received but thus I have shewed you the acception of the roote and Spike of this Nardus and the sweetnesse Both Dioscorides and Pena have recorded that it doth beare a stalke and leaves yet have not mentioned what flowers it hath neither is the other bastard or French Spikenard of Lobel shewed to have any which I have exhibited in the first Classis of this Worke but the like was found in Virginia by Master Iohn Tradescant the younger with such like long greene leaves as is desciphered in that the roote also answering so neere unto the French Nardus but of a paler blackish colour and without any sent that I could perceive and besides all this he found it with the spike of flowers and seed at the toppes of the stalkes which were turning or winding the head standing on a small naked stalke somewhat like I meane in the turning unto the Scorodo prassum anguinum or Convoluto capite the great Turky Garlicke with a twined head consisting of two or three rowes of small bright brownish chaffie huskes hairy as it were at their ends and standing all on one side of the stalkes for foure or five inches long This bastard kinde bearing such an head doth perswade me to thinke this Indian kinde to have also some other whether the like or no is not to be determined but by sight The properties of this Indian Spikenard are these It is of an heating and drying quality provoking urine and staying laskes and both the reds and whites in Women it taketh away the loathing to meate and the gnawing of the stomacke usually called the heart-burning it conduceth helpe to swellings to the stone in the kidneyes and to the Kings Evill the decoction helpeth the inflammations of the mother if they sit therein it helpeth to bring haire on the baire eye lids it is not onely an ingredient into the two famous Antidotes Theriaca Andromachi and Mithridatium but into sundry other compositions appointed by the Ancients but because I would not make a double repetition of the same things having declared the properties hereof at large in the 42. Chapter of the first Classis of this worke I must referre you thereunto CHAP. XLII 1. Palma sive Nux Indica vulgaris ferens Coccos The ordinary Indian Cokar Nut. THere cannot be found in the world a tree that hath so many necessary commodities for mens uses to be had from it as this Cokar Nut the tree groweth to be huge great and vaste whose body or stem is covered with a smooth barke bare or naked without any branch to a great height for which cause the Indians doe either bore holes therein at certaine distances and knocke
that is Diers weede 602 See Weede or Sea Wrake 1291 Wheate and the sorts thereof 1119 as Candy Wheate Greeke Wheate Indian Wheate or Turkie Wheate 1138. Light Wheate 1125. Soft Wheate ibid. Spelt Wheate or corne 1124 Blacke or Cow Wheate 1326. Bucke Wheate 1141 Whin or pretty Whin 1005. The Whicken or Quicken tree 1418 White roote is Solomons seale 694. White rot is Butterwort 534 White Wort is Featherfew 83. Whortes or Whortle berries and the sorts 1455 Marsh Whorts 1229. Widow waile 201 The Wilding or Crabbe tree and the sorts 1502 Willowes and the divers sorts thereof 1429 Sea Willow 1302. Dwarfe Willow and the sorts 1432 Clusius his spiked Willow 1436. Winanke is Sassafras 1607 Winde flower is Anemone 542. Windie strawes is Bent-grasse 1159 Wimote is Marsh Mallow 307 Winter Cherries and the sorts 462 Wintergreene is Pyrola 508 Winter Cherrie tree 353 With-winde is Bindeweede 169. Withy is Willow and Sallow Witch Hasell is Hornebeame 1405. Woade and the sorts 600 Indian Woade or Indico ibid. Wood made stone 1276 Woodroofe or Woodrowell 561. and Breakstone Woodroofe 453 Woodbinde and the sorts 1460. Dwarfe Woodbinde 1461 Vpright Woodbinde 1462. Wood sower is Woodsorrell Wood Sage or Garlike Sage 110. Wood Nightshade 349 Wolfes bane and the sorts 310 Supposed Woolfes bane is Doronicum 319 Wolfes claw Mosse 1307 Wolfes fists or foists is Lupi crepitus 1323 Wormeseede Wormewood 102 English Wormeseede 867 Wormewood and the sundry sorts thereof 90 98. c. Sea Wormewood and the sorts 102 Would or Welde is Dyers weede 602 Woundworts of many sorts from 465. to 722 Achilles Wound wort 693 Dorias Wound wort 541 Water Woundwort is the Water Souldier 1249 The Male and femall Woundtree 1651 Wrake or sea Weede 1291 Writing leaves 1668 Y. YArrow and the sorts 693 Water Yarrow 1255 The Yew tree 1412 Apples of Youth or Love 352 Youthwort is Rosasolis 1052 Yucca or Jucca 153 Z. ZEdoarie called Setwall 1612 The Table of the Vertues and Properties of all the Herbes and Plants contained in this Worke. A TO procure Abortment that is untimely delivery of the birth or for women to miscarry in Child bearing 49 128.181.259.284 520.1365 1440.1489 To hinder Abortment that is to cause women to goe out their full time in child bearing 54.83.275.393.795.974.1396.1423.1565 For cold and Ioynt Aches c. 40.88.211.228.271.384.671.712.718.721.877.1489.1543.1576.1670 Against the poyson of the Aconite or other dangerous Herbes 285.736.988.1492 For ths biting of an Adder vide Viper 503.1030.1112.1419 To clense the wombe of the Afterbirth and to expell the Secondine 9.28.30.31.43.46.49.60.74 85.92.135.183.246.284.345.378.408.435.462.624.627.681.689.703.718.733.885 913.931.936.941.1028.1038.1382.1489.1500.1523.1530 1538.1581.1653 Hurtfull to Agues 151.758 To helpe tertian or intermittive Agues 4.11.38.80.85.87.95.101.113.128.159.161.177.181.211.215.222.233.235.238.248.258.267.298.350.359.408.416.421.422.444.497.503.504.571.574.597.616.624.676.712.718.757.775.832.860 927.937.939.941.977.990.1220.1227.1231.1258.1377.1415.1438.1439.1499.1529.1547.1554.1557.1559.1578.1583.1594.1605.1606.1607.1610.1618.1622.1630.1634.1637.1638.1642.1665.1666.1670 For a quarraine Ague 63.72.108.215.219.222.248.267.384 401.421.422.440.497.574.592.597.607.616.676.693.695.718.736.861.922.927.937.943.988.1030.1041.1377.1552.1594.1664 For a quotidian Ague 181.250.401.422.540.676.937.988.990.1578.1607.1664.1666 To coole the hot fits of Agues and to quench thirst 238.248.268.248.368.577.723.733.745.747.757.771.773.813.815 937.1099.1131.1132.1137.1415.1486.1503.1506.1508.1513.1559.1563 To drive away Anâ—es 16. To helpe Saint Anthonies fire 23.115.135.308.345.349.368.406.438.445.515 517.518.519.602.723.738.741.750.752.762.767.777.790.867.919.934.1008.1021.1028.1068.1211 1221.1238.1250.1255.1263.1455.1477.1549.1557.1561.1614.1663 To procure an appetite and for them that cannot rellish their meate 6.35.210.238.241.248.359.408.413.563.567.652.745.747.761.817.873.922.936.1022.1024.1075.1227.1440 1505.7506.1513.1520.1526.1557.1558.1560.1561.1563.1569.1590.1605.1608.1624.1634.1635.1636.1637.1638 1651.1664 For the Apoplexy 74.161.225.721.860.892.1394.1664 To breed the Apoplexy 1320.1558 To temper hot Aposthumes 210.278.324.345.539.438.445.490.534.563.597 602.721.750.761.771.1373.1542 To clense Aposthumes and inward Vlcers 781.839 Against venemous Arrowes 939.943.1642.1664 To cause Asparagus buds to be tender 456. Those Plants that have an Astringent or binding quality in them 248.275.444.448.452.469.510.515.518.522.524.534.539 545.540.567.584.602.621 641.657.659.662.666.687.706 721.736.739.752.1016.1021.1033.1067.1107.1127.1210.1236.1246.1250.1259.1291 1314.1389.1392.1395.1398.1399.1402.1403.1409.1414.1440.1444.1449.1452.1455.1502.1511.1526.1531.1538.1347.1559.1606.1634.1638 B For paines and weakenesse in the Backe and reines and to strengthen them 60.141.145.456.503.514.538.559.835.917.1520.1547 To temper the heate of the Backe and reines 237.238.503.761 771.777.1516 Balsames for Greene wounds 506.507.508.518.721.1039.1405.1527.1540 To embalme the Bodyes of the dead 1093 15â—â—.1541 To cause Barrennesse 680 1038.1306 To helpe Barrennesse and cause fruitfullnesse 40.50.345.539.552.715.922.974.1076 1529.1566.1570.1607 Against the harme by venemous Beasts or creatures 26.29.35.46 110.113.115.124.128.135.258.285 317.370.372.389.393.401.408.416.418.430.440.442.444.467.490.492.503.542.559.579.604.654.658.676.683.712.718.733.751.767.832.873.890.903.910.924.925.939.941.951.953.964.968.1032 1051.1091.1112.1123.1295 1299.1320.1389.1414.1417.1428.1438.1455.1486.1489.1493.1495.1506.1577 1581.1590.1594.1611.1612 To drive away venemous Beasts 29.30 To kill all sorts of fourefooted beasts 219.318.380.387 To helpe those Beasts whose intrailes goe out 63.408 To helpe Beasts and cattle of coughes 597. To make hard Beefe to boyle tender 1495. Good for Bees to feed on 44.522 To helpe the stinging of Bees waspes c. 6.44.308.456.715 733.1489 To kill Bees 14â—5 To keepe Bees together from flying away 144.520 For sowre Belchings 18.584.588.616.666.911 For the hardnesse of childrens Bellyes 9.184.196 To loosen the Belly gently 20.76.151.159.173.177.180.196 206.215.237.241.250.252.254.262.265.268.271.275.284.286 307.384 442.455.462.515.592.616.655.725.750.752 757 771.812 824.876.881.922.923.1012.1024.1038.1041 1051.1058.1068.1076.1078.1079.1142.1227.1337.1365.1402.1414.1429.1440.1459.1492.1493.1495.1497.1502.1503.1506.1513.1514.1516.1530.1557.1558.1592.1614.1619.1620 Against the griping paines of the Belly vide Chollicke 14.37.40 43.128.215.258.271.285.467.1030.1175.1253.1272.1492 To binde the Belly vide to stay the Laske 23.72.159.993.1000 1016.1022.1068.1073.1131.1137.1303.1395.1402.1455.1487.1502.1511.1513.1516.1520.1524.1578.1581.1598.1612.1614.1636.1638 Birdlime 253. To catch Birdes 1664. For Biles and botches 43.60.63.181.745.1129 To kill the Birth 37.135.162.183.166.219 â—â—â—â— 159â— For paines in the reynes and Bladder 119.538.891.925.1099.1103.1108.124.1455.1477.1579 For the Vlcers and carnosity in the Bladder and passages 430.463.511.552.591.1099.1175.1203.291.1593 For the stone in the Bladder 9.11.181.233 Hurtfull to the Bladder 46.456.939.1076.1557 To helpe those that are Blasted 723. For those that Bleed at the mouth or nose or that pisse blood 95 135.184.393.395.401.442.444.467.469.681.687.693.695.700.706.711.714.733.736.739.755.830.867.876.887.899 1021.1033.1051.1087.1108.1123.1126.1180.1203.1206.1213.1219.1223.1227.1230.1240.1254.1309.1314.1575.1593.1602.1609 To stay the Bleeding of wounds and to stay the fluxe of blood unto them 308 430.527.12â—3.1365 To helpe Blindnesse 547. To purge and clense the Blood 159.177.226.235.273.282.284.286.290.552.624.627.767.885.927.990.1227.1238.1240 To encrease Blood 790.919.1558 To temper and coole the heate of Blood 235 252.4â—1.416.444.723.733.745.747.758.761.767.771.7â—3.777.790.1563 To breed ill Blood 1133. To dissolve congeald Blood by falls c. 114.128.159.181 250.284.492.525.574.591.612.689.700.708.858.915 1573.1593 To stay bleeding or that pisse blood 9.54.108.119.144.145.151.159.211.534.539.543.545.549.552.554.555.598.602.607.696.893.1000.1012.1130.1203.1389.1392.1398.1422.1423.1436.1447.1452.1455.1477.1484.1492.1511.1515.1516.1526.1532.1547.1549.1557.1559.1560.1561.1622.1632 Effectuall for all the diseases of the Body 271.528.1033 To ease paines and torments of the Body and bowels 678.832.889.901.908.910.913.925.937.942.953.997.1021 To cause a good colour in the body 119.148.287 For one that hath his Body drawne together 1394. To correct the strong smell of the Body and armepits 974. For to knit broken Bones 452.528.1039.1455.1487.1526 To cover naked Bones with flesh 951.1595 For the Botts in Cattle 408.593.1028.1042.1429 For the griping paines in the Bowels 1102.1123.1203.1469.1486.1547.1577 For the slipperinesse and Vlcers in the
Bowels 1022.1442 To helpe giddinesse in the braine 9.14.43.72.74.108.119.136.148.226.248.250.268.285.721.1028.1030.1508.1526.1529.1558.1565.1566.1568.1670 To purge the braine of rheume 119 210.832.943.951.1365.1583 For a cold moist Braine 1580.1590.1611.1614.1615.1670 Hurtfull to the Braine 66.681.1133.1452.1547 For paines in the Breast c. 456.1033.1583 To cleanse the Breast and Lungs and to expectorate flegme 46.54.72.85.89.103.124.148.181.211.250 252.253.258.259.281.294.298.308.324.359.368.378.408.424.442.490.552.567.597.619.629.654.824.832.852.877.951.952.955.964.1052.1079.1495.1583.1601.1610 To encrease Milke in womens Breasts vide Milke To helpe swellings and hardnesse of womens Breasts 184.196.285.308.364.835.924.934.1055.1080.1136.1180 To helpe womens great Breasts 35.46.539.1263.1366.1538.1606 To helpe the wounds of the Breast 592. To heale womens sore Breasts 278.389.525.673.715.723.1219.1505 Hurtfull to those that have a short Breath 813. For the shortnesse of Breath 4.37.38.46.85.89.115.124.135.148.161.162.181.190.198.235 237.246.252.257.271.234.294.308.309.378.420.435.437.442.467.490.515.616.629.655.676.723.807.824.835.877.879.881.885.887.911.941.943.955.1028.1041.1047.1051.1053.1058.1099.1132.1220.1314.1377.1460.1477.1489.1495.1510.1527.1529.1538.1554.1557.1558.1568.1570.1594.1609.1618.1641.1664 To make or cause a sweete Breath 1526.1570.1578.1581.1585.1586.1601.1615.1620 To mend a stincking Breath 35.76.101.141.148.250.259.911.927.964.974.982.995.1030.1031.1149.1506.1582.1594.1601.1620.1666 To cause a stincking Breath 255.807.1031.1455 For them that cannot take their Breath unlesse they hold their neckes upright 43.89 Good against Bruises by falls beatings or otherwise 40.115.144.275.294.308.350.372.389.393.395.401.408.438.469.475.483.492.508.518.525.527.532.539.540.565.574.591.597.598.607.613.616.653.700.708.718.858.879.908.915.1030.1055.1577.161 To helpe the disease called le Bruiâ— 527. For burnings or scaldings by fire or water 31.151.210.255.308.515.517.574.575.577.617.659.674.681.715.729.733.752.771.790.874.917.993.1205.1221.1224.1236.1395.1408.1428.1447.1492.1497.1504.1532.1538.1550.1557 For Burstings or Ruptures 9.23.37.63.95.113.114.138.141.159.219.250.273.278.294.318.359.378 389.393.395.408.448.452.467.469.475.505.507.508.524.532.534.539.543.567.588.592.616.621.655.658.687.689.693.700.703.708.715.718.725.727.877.881.883.953.993.995.1030.1032.1039.1051.1093.1108.1123.1203.1205.1395.1405.1452.1447.1511.1571.1579.1616.1620 C To helpe a Cachexia or indisposition of the whole body 80.241.597.777.785 990.1558.1584.1599 To helpe Cankers in the mouth 54.1407.1511 For the Canker called the Wolfe 1486. To helpe those that have taken Cantharides 750.913.1389.1609 To helpe pestilentiall Carbuncles 359.939.951.1028.1075.1080.1414.1477.1542 To stay Catarrhes and thinne rheume 40.72.108.176.259.298.368.671.689.747.790.860.876.884.1030.1031.1455.1485.1489.1530.1543.1612.1620 To fatten Cattle 1116.1139.1142.1249.1394.1474 To rowell Cattle 216. For the swimmings of Cattles heads causing them to turne round 350. Hurtfull to Cattle 215.676 Causticke medicines 28.1495.1559.1568 To cure the biting of the horned Serpent Cerastes 255. For Chaps or Chilblanes of the hands or feete 364.514.732.742.752.1000.1030.1441.1123.1129.1365.1375.1495.1504.1527.1542.1549 For the Chaps of the fundament 1527.1542 vide Vlcers in the Fundament To make Chaste 813.1438 vide to represse Venery To keepe Cheeâ—â—s from corrupting 35.378 Good for women with child 6.72.911.1516.1565 Hurtfull to women with Chide vide Abortion 408.624 To expell the dead Childe 23.28.30.31.54.74.85.90.108.116.128.181.273.281.284.294.345.359.408.462.467.517.520.624.627.681.718.776.901 908.943.951.1028.1075.1238.1242.1440.1529.1533.1571.1594 To helpe the speedy delivery of women with Childe 9.29.92.246.294.308.434.440.616.702.703.807.856.881.908.1030.1301.1365.1368.1461.1469.1489.1538.1589.1599.1620.1635 To produce male or female Children 298.1569 To keepe Children from growing too fast 1055. To purge Choller and flegme 11.18.80.85.101.159.161.162.165.177.181.183.190.196.198.200.208.210.225.228.235.237.240.242.246.248.250.253.258.259.261.267.273.294 298.439.575.598.634.757.777.1021.1022.1038.1041.1051.1286.1333.1365.1402.1442.1547 To represse Choller 35.295.445.448.518.532.574.673.677.723.758.771.812.813.1108.1227.1505.1506.1513.1559.1560.1569.1592 To purge blacke and burnt Choller 111.250.168.278.281.290 For the winde Collicke and paines in the belly 35.63.72.74.85.88.102.114.119.124.135.138.141.148.161.181.184.206.210.240.250.254.258.261.290.294.316.359.372.369.390.401.408.418.456.503.592.597.598.616.618.621.666.673.677.693.702.708.712.715.721.725.790.822.823.835.876.887.903.908.911.919.925.939.941.943.948.951.964 988.1022.1031.1039.1060.1133.1136.1137.1337.1365.1414.1436.1469.1480.1486.1489.1515.1516.1520.1526.1527.1552.1558.1567.1581.1585.1586.1599.1614.1619.1621.1650.1664.1680 For the itching of the Cods 54.1123 For the swelling of the Cods 9.124.135.308.349.364.372.391.532.673.676.741.835.887.919.1053.1263.1337.1438.1455 To helpe decayed Cocture 6.919.943 For members benummed or child with Cold. 1123. For Colds Coughs and hoarsenesse 135.141.148.252.255.285.359.378.389.408.435.490.515.552.616.655.676.693.714.768.790.819.824.835.861.876.881.908.939.941.951.955.993.1013.1030.1031.1032.1041.1051.1055.1128.1132.1135.1192.1201.1213.1222.1337.1402.1477.1497.1509.1515.1516.1520.1526.1527.1529.1530.1547.1554.1557.1563.1587.1602.1605.1607.1641 To cause a good Colour in the face and body 4.676.885.939.1051.1079.1379.1477.1495.1520.1558.1570.1581.1582 To further womens Conceptions 4.903.917.1394.1607.1651 To hinder their conceptions 271.712.1046.1146.1533 To helpe Consumptions 46.54.77.101.215.219.250.271.368.408.413.497.552.613.768.779.781.911.936.993.1053 1080.1099.1224.1301.1436.1558.1565.1578.1587 For Contractions Convulsions or shrinking of the sinevves 16 23.37.44.74.9â—.95.113.115.141.145.181.184.215.224.240.258.259.267.273.294.308.324.370.456.616.655.715.721.757.761.790.874.877.883.912.948.951.953.1024.1030.1032.1461.1489.1495.1527.1529.1583.1651 Against Corpulencie and to cause leanenesse 31.135.210.568.750.885.1419 To take away Cornes 190.327.733.979.1436 To helpe those that are much given to be Costive 1592. For old and dry Coughes 4 9.16.18.31.38.46.63.72.77.85.108.113.115.124.161.181.211.219.235.237.250.267.30â—.359.437.467.597.598.666.723.832.873.887.908.911.1403.1416.1459.1469.1478.1469.1489.1475.1538.1571.1577.1593.1594.1601.1618 For the Cough of the Lungs 89.190.497.666.693.723.800.861.890.911.936.947.1053.1220.1301.1516.1602.1607 For the Chin-cough in Children 308.309 To see one a Coughing 359.1146 Hurtfull for the Cough 1414. To procure womens Courses 4 6 9 14 16 18 23 26 29 30 31 37 39 43 44 46 54 60 72 74 83 85 90. 92 95 101 108 113 115 124 128 134 141.145.148 160 162 177 180 181 210.211 216 219 223 2â—6 250 253 258 259 267 271 273 275 284 294 298 359 378 389 408 410 420 424 437 440 442 462 467 492 571 574 579 584 597 616 624 627 634 655 673 677 681 689 701 703 718 771 784 815 824 832 839 861 866 873 876 879 883 885 890 901 903 908 910 913 914 915 922 923 925 927 928 931 936 937 939 941 943 948 951 953 988 1024 1028 1030 1051 1075 1076 1127 1146 1186 1238 1240 1242 1287 1365 1377 1381 1438 1440 1445 1447 1489 1506 1516 1529 1530 1565 1570 1571 15â—3 1574 1581 1583 1590 1594 1620 1623 1632. To stay womens too abounding Courses 23 35 54 275 349 364 368 384 393 401 444 448 452 497 507 511 522 524 534 539 543 545 555 568 592 607 6â—8 658 659 687 693 995 700 714 723 733 745 752 757 758 830 867 871 888 1013 1016 1021 1030 1031 1033 1068 1091 1192 1203 1219 1227 1236 1256 1301 1314 1389 1392 1398 1402 415 1416 1423 1436 1440 1447 1452 1470 1480 1492 1515 1521 1524 1526 1528 1532 1547 1249 1560 1561 1575 1581 1596. For Cramps 9 16 23 30 31 40 63 83 88 108 144 159 181 204 211 215 219 226 259 284 368 384 456 467 509 574 689 712.718 725 881 885 939 943 993 1024 1296 1460 1573 1593. To kill any female Creature 378. To kill Crowe 1 c. 1602. To heale fresh Cuts in the sinewes 26 518. To clense the head of Dandruffe 35 108 250 255 308 316 491 667 752. Against Deafenesse 163 184 216 240 250 298 364 807 940 1365 1415 1436 1495 1516. How Deere Goats c. have beene healed of their hurts 128 597. To helpe Deformities and blemishes in the body 63.196 884 972 1103 1365 1428 1583. For Defluxions of humours upon the joynts 443. To cause a speedy Delivery in childbirth vide women with child To try whether a sicke person shall live or Dye 972. Against the Difficulty in making water vide Strangury To helpe Digestion 35 43 76 83 114 135 138 148 359 616 652 655 785 790 813 819 832 908 910 911 914 919 927 937 941 1021 1287 1364 1489 1503 1506 1558 1570 1578 1590 1607 1608 1613 1620 1623. To hinder Digestion 20. Hard of Digestion 939 1402.
resembling a small lambe whose coate or rinde is wolly like unto a Lambes skinne the pulpe or meate underneath which is like the flesh of a Crevise or Lobster having as it is sayd blood also in it it hath the forme of an head hanging downe and feeding on the grasse round about it untill it hath consumed it and then dyeth or else will perish if the grasse round about it bee cut away of purpose it hath foure legges also hanging downe the Woolves much affect to feede on them CHAP. LXVIII Manobiforte Brasilianorum Indian earth nuts or Pease THere is growing in sundry places in Brassil and in America also neare the River Maranon a certaine fruit or Pease breeding under the ground like as puffes doe without either leafe or roote as it is sayd but they are no bigger then great Pease and inclosed in a small grayish thicke and short cod very like a small Pescod with one or two Pease therein of a pale reddish colour on the outside and white within tasting like unto an Almond which will rattle being shaked in the skinne growing many together and tyed by small strings The fruits are eaten as junkets with great delight for their pleasant tastes sake eyther fresh or dryed but a little tosted make them rellish much better and are served to the table of the better sort as an after course and doe dry and strengthen the stomacke very much but taken too liberally breed head ach and heavinesse CHAP. LXIX Radix Sancta Helenae Saint Helens beads or Indian round sweet Cyperus NEare the Port of Saint Hellen which is in Florida grew certaine rootes very long and full of knots or round joynts as great as ones thumbe blacke Radix Sancta Helene Saint Helens Beads or Indian round sweet Cyperus without and white within tasting somewhat aromaticall like Galanga which when they are dry are as hard as an horne the leaves are large and very greene growing on stalkes that spread on the ground it groweth in moist grounds and is drying in the beginning of the second degree and heating in the end of the same the pouther of them taken in wine is used against the paines of the stomacke and bowels easing the collicke and stone in the Kidneyes and provoking urine The Indians use to sprinkle the pouther of the rootes all over their bodies being ready to goe into the Baths because as they say it bindeth the skinne and strengthneth the members of the body by its sweet sent They use there to disjoynt these round knots of the rootes which being drilled and strung serve them in stead of Beads to tell God how many prayers they will give him at a time Clusius thinketh these roots may not unfitly bee referred to some kind of Cyperus but I thinke the large leaves contradict it CHAP. LXX Radix Quimbaya Carthagenas purging roots PEtrus Cieca maketh mention of these roots in the first part of his Peruvian history that they are slender of about a fingers thicknesse growing among the trees in Quinbaya a Province in Feru whose cheife city is Carthage if some of these roots be taken and steeped in a good quantitie of water all night they will drinke up most of the water but yet three ounces thereof remaining being drunke doe purge the body so gently and without trouble or perturbation as if it had beene purged with Rubarbe this hath beene often tryed Clusius thinketh that these rootes were the same or very like unto such as was sent him by a friend by the name of Bexugo vel Peru which he tooke to be no other then the branches of Atragene or Viorna of that Countrey they were so like CHAP. LXXI Rhabarbarum Americanum Rubarbe of America or West Indie Rubarbe MOnardus saith that among other things were sent him out of the maine of the West Indies he had a peece of a roote which they called there by the name of Rubarbe and was very like the East Indian kind for as hee saith it was round with a brownish coate and reddish core or inside which being broken had some whitenesse mixed among it and coloured the spittle yellow like Saffron being bitter withall but what leaves it bore was not signified This is not the white Rubarbe of America for that as is sayd in its place in the Mechoacan CHAP. LXXII Carlo Sancto The Indian Hoppe-like purger OVt of the Province of Mexico commeth this root which they there call Carlo Sancto for what cause is not well knowne it groweth after the manner of Hoppes climing on poles or other high things or else it will lye on the ground the leaves are like unto Hoppe leaves of a very sad greene colour and of a strong heady sent it is not knowne whether it beare eyther flower or fruite the roote is great at the head having sundry smaller sprayes issuing from it each of the bignesse of ones greater finger and white the barke or tinde whereof is easily separated from the rest and is of most use smelling somewhat sweet and tasting bitter and somewhat sharpe withall the pith of the roote consisteth as it were of many small and very thinne filmes which may easily Carlo Sancto The Indian Hoppe-like purger be separated one from another it is hot and dry in the beginning of the second degree The barke of the roote being a little chewed in the mouth draweth downe from the head much flegme whereby rheumes catarrhes and destillations therefrom are voyded and the parts much eased of paines and other griefes in some also it causeth a vomit avoyding thereby much choller and flegme from the stomacke that oppressed it before and strengthned it afterwards the decoction thereof worketh better thereon if a purgation fitting the person be taken before this evacuation upwards it will doe the more good the barke being chewed helpeth loose gummes putrid and rugged teeth and maketh a sweete breath but it were good to wash the mouth with a little wine afterwards to take away the bitternesse the pouther thereof taken in a little white wine or the decoction thereof with Maiden haire and a little Cinamon easeth women of the obstructions of the mother the staying of their courses and consumeth winde in their bodies being formerly purged and prepared and using Liquidambar Vng Dealthaea of equall parts mixed together to annoint the lower parts of the belly all the while the same also helpeth the Simptomes of the heart as swounings and other the passions thereof especially rising from the defects of the mother This decoction likewise is very beneficiall for them that are so troubled that is to take two drams of the barke and boile it in three pints of faire water putting in at the end thereof foure drammes of the barke of Pomcitrons and two drammes of Cinamon which afterwards being strained six ounces of this decoction is to be taken with a little Sugar every morning the body being purged before hand This pouther and decoction is commended likewise against the French disease the
Epilepsie or falling sicknesse in the younger sort the pouther thereof hath beene often found to cause women to have a speedy delivery and to take away the passion and faintings in their tedious travailes being taken either in wine or in some Orenge flower water the continuall use thereof 〈◊〉 beene tryed to amend a cold and weake stomake and to helpe such as could digest no meate the like use 〈◊〉 given remedy and perfect cure to those that have beene bursten so that they have not used any Trusse 〈◊〉 themselves being perfecty helped thereby CHAP. LXXIII Fabe sive Phaseoli purgantes Purging Beanes MOnardus speaketh of certaine purging Beanes that grow about Cartagena and Nombre de Dios very like unto our ordinary Beanes but lesser with Fabae sive Phaseoli purgantes Purging Beanes a thinne outer skinne dividing it in the middle which was to be cast away least it might procure too violent evacuation both upward and downeward even to the hazard of life With the Indians this is a famous and familiar medecine purging without trouble flegme and choller and grosse humors and that very gently the quantity to be taken is from foure of them or more according to every ones abilitie but you must regard that every one of them bee rosted well before they be used but Clusius saith he could never see such beanes as are here described but hath had a certaine kind of Phaseoli Kidney beanes sent him under the name of Fabae purgatrices whose figure is here exhibited being round and flat on both sides about a fingers thicknesse and two in breadth or more yet a little hollow on that side where it grew to the huske the outer haske is hard and in a manner woody smooth and of a darke red colour being white and of a firme substance within parting into two as most other pulses do of the like taste also at the first but quickly hot and sharpe upon the tongue from whence commeth as it is likly the purging quality because in some sort these resemble the forme of a heart therefore some called them Cor Divi Thomae Saint Thomas hearts and besides because they grow in Saint Thomas Island Clusius thinketh that this is the Beane of the Phasiolus Brasilinus whose pods I have shewed you in page 1057. Avellanae purgatrices Monardus also speaketh of purging nuts which he calleth Avellanae purgatrices which grew in Santo Domingo that were very like unto Hasell nuts but three square and browne on the outside with a tough thin shell the kernell being white and sweete withall whereby many were deceived for they purge very violently both upwards and downewards choller and flegme even almost to the danger of life which by roasting of them before the taking is avoyded they helpe the Chollicke and expell winde and are often put into glisters for that purpose but I have knowne a glister given in this manner to good purpose a glister being ready to be given with a bladder the small end of a Tobacco pipe was put into the bladder and tyed but so that it might bee drawne closer after the pipe is pulled out that had Tobacco in the Bole which onely blowing the smoake thereof into the bladder and so given hath given present ease CHAP. LXXIIII Faalim Theveti Mombazas Antidote or Counterpoyson ANdraeas Thevet mentioneth this herbe in his Cosmography to grow in the Island of Mombaza having many long leaves like unto Faalim Theveti Mombazas Antidote or Counterpoyson Elecampane which Island as it aboundeth with many singular good herbes both for meate and medecine so it doth also with venomous Serpents for whose remedy it is also especially provided of other powerfull herbes among whom this one is accounted a principall the experience whereof saith hee I have seene upon divers people bitten by a most virulent Serpent there called Alefah partly living in the waters and partly upon land whose venome was present death if the patient were not suddenly succored herewith CHAP. LXXV Herba Malucana The poore mans Chirurgery THis herbe riseth usually to be two or three cubits high but in more fertile places to be above five cubits of a fresh greene colour the stalke is slender weake and hollow leaning unto something to uphold it or else it will lye on the ground where it will take roote againe it spreadeth into sundry branches having tender soft leaves thereon like in forme and bignesse unto Elder leaves but dented about the edges the flowers are like Camomill but all yellow and greater it is greene all the yeare through those of Canaria call it Brungara aradua and the vulgar sort Poore mens remedy and Chirurgions bains because the common people of India doe generally plant it being naturally of Maluca and use it for all hurts eyther alone or mixed with other things that serve for the purpose the manner whereof is thus They boyle the bruised leaves in oyle which after it is well boyled and strained they make an ointment thereof with a little yellow Wax and herewith they dresse their sores be they old or young blooddy putrid malignant or fistulous and especially is good in the foule sores of the legges Another way they have to use it by taking the middle or inner rinde the outermost being taken away which is as easily done as in Hempe and annointing it with the oyle of the Indian Nut they rowle it in the leaves thereof and rost it under the hot embers which being growne soft they beate it and then apply it to all such wounds and sores aforesaid which are perfectly cured within a few dayes without inflammations or Impostumes to the wonder of all that knew it not before it likewise easeth all paines and stayeth all fluxes of blood and is a singular helpe to the joynts that are pricked or wounded and briefly serveth the people that use no other remedy to helpe themselves in any case of necessity without the use of a Chirurgion and trust thereto as unto an undoubted remedy the oyntment is carryed into sundry other Countryes also Caxella Another herbe called Centella groweth in the West Indies mentioned by Mâ—nardus out of Petrus de Osma his Letter to him who without any description thereof saith that the Indians doe familiarly use it and the Spaniards from them being bruised and laid to any tumour in the legges or thighes comming from a cold cause would cure them by raising blisters that the humours might be let out and the swelling asswaged Hâ—â—bae folia sanguinem ilico sistens Gramen quod ad pituâ—â—am Another herbe also Monardus there remembreth from him likewise that would stanch the blood of any wound suddenly seene and tryed by certaine captive Indians that through hunger cut off the calves of their owne legges and did eate them and presently applyed the leaves to them which stanched the blood to the great admiration of all that saw it The same de Osma saith there he used a kinde of herbe growing like grasse which