to_o be_v note_v that_o the_o object_n come_v not_o to_o the_o eye_n but_o the_o visible_a spirit_n be_v diffuse_v through_o the_o clearness_n of_o the_o air_n to_o the_o eye_n which_o spirit_n be_v certain_a image_n like_o those_o in_o a_o look_a glass_n when_o any_o thing_n be_v represent_v therein_o if_o the_o colour_a body_n or_o object_n stand_v near_o to_o this_o image_n it_o come_v to_o our_o eye_n in_o the_o same_o quantity_n and_o bigness_n of_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o pyramid_n now_o because_o this_o angle_n come_v to_o our_o eye_n in_o a_o obtuse_a form_n the_o image_n also_o seem_v great_a and_o so_o be_v discern_v the_o more_o distinct_o but_o when_o the_o colour_a object_n stand_v afar_o off_o the_o image_n come_v to_o the_o eye_n in_o a_o small_a and_o slender_a angle_n and_o therefore_o fill_v not_o the_o eye_n but_o waver_v in_o such_o sort_n that_o it_o can_v be_v clear_o and_o distinct_o discern_v and_o last_o the_o faculty_n of_o see_v be_v reduce_v into_o act_n by_o the_o concur_v of_o the_o other_o two_o viz._n the_o uisual_a line_n and_o the_o colour_a body_n which_o reform_v the_o eye_n by_o reduce_v it_o from_o mere_a ability_n into_o act._n from_o which_o ground_n for_o these_o two_o reason_n the_o self_n same_o body_n can_v be_v equal_o lighten_v in_o all_o place_n first_o because_o light_n with_o all_o its_o brightness_n do_v not_o illuminate_v more_o than_o that_o part_n direct_o opposite_a to_o it_o not_o have_v power_n to_o illustrate_v the_o other_o part_n so_o perfect_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o dark_a terrene_a and_o gross_a body_n which_o hinder_v the_o beam_n from_o pierce_v inward_o to_o perform_v their_o effect_n so_o perfect_o the_o second_o reason_n be_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o eye_n what_o be_v near_a come_v with_o a_o big_a angle_n be_v more_o distinct_o see_v what_o at_o distance_n by_o a_o less_o and_o be_v more_o imperfect_a so_o proportionable_o of_o a_o three_o and_o four_o till_o the_o eye_n can_v discern_v no_o far_o light_n be_v twofold_a primary_n and_o secondary_a the_o primary_n be_v that_o which_o fall_v on_o that_o part_n of_o the_o colour_a body_n which_o be_v opposite_a to_o the_o body_n give_v light_n touch_v it_o with_o direct_a beam_n a_o light_a body_n be_v that_o which_o have_v light_n within_o itself_o as_o the_o sun_n fire_n etc._n etc._n now_o that_o light_n which_o arise_v from_o this_o primary_n light_n be_v the_o secondary_a light_n light_n be_v divide_v into_o divers_a other_o important_a branch_n draw_v from_o the_o physiologicall_a part_n of_o the_o perspective_n who_o chief_n end_n be_v to_o seek_v out_o the_o principle_n cause_n and_o element_n of_o all_o visible_a thing_n together_o with_o their_o species_n and_o essential_a difference_n but_o ever_o in_o general_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n according_a to_o the_o divers_a consideration_n of_o see_v the_o secondary_a light_n be_v likewise_o of_o three_o sort_n the_o direct_a reflect_v and_o refract_v the_o first_o primary_n light_n be_v that_o which_o fall_v upon_o and_o be_v receive_v in_o that_o part_n of_o a_o colour_a body_n which_o be_v opposite_a to_o the_o body_n give_v light_n which_o run_v upon_o the_o body_n touch_v they_o sweet_o with_o a_o certain_a natural_a order_n not_o possess_v they_o in_o any_o of_o the_o extreme_n as_o other_o light_n do_v and_o must_v be_v observe_v in_o history_n suppose_v in_o the_o open_a air._n the_o second_o primary_n light_n be_v that_o which_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o apparition_n of_o angel_n or_o glory_n as_o about_o our_o saviour_n in_o his_o nativity_n his_o transfiguration_n his_o resurrection_n etc._n etc._n and_o it_o must_v be_v observe_v in_o all_o part_n according_a to_o their_o distance_n on_o every_o side_n the_o three_o primary_n light_n be_v from_o fire_n torch_n lamp_n candle_n etc._n etc._n but_o must_v be_v less_o refulgient_a than_o the_o last_o in_o this_o we_o must_v observe_v whither_o it_o be_v by_o day_n or_o night_n the_o matter_n burn_v etc._n etc._n where_o there_o be_v several_a light_n there_o must_v be_v care_v take_v how_o they_o be_v place_v that_o by_o their_o opposition_n they_o take_v not_o away_o all_o occasion_n of_o shadow_v which_o will_v diminish_v their_o beauty_n through_o the_o want_n of_o force_n and_o strength_n likewise_o that_o they_o cast_v not_o double_a shadow_n and_o confound_v each_o other_o the_o secondary_a light_n be_v that_o which_o be_v cause_v not_o by_o direct_a beam_n but_o reflect_v though_o direct_v from_o the_o primary_n light_n which_o be_v the_o first_o species_n of_o the_o second_o division_n of_o light_n and_o be_v bright_a according_a to_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o body_n it_o meet_v with_o but_o strike_v only_o on_o the_o superficies_n direct_v opposite_a to_o it_o the_o reflect_v light_n be_v that_o which_o arise_v from_o the_o end_n of_o the_o direct_a it_o lighten_v all_o the_o body_n on_o which_o it_o fall_v chief_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o such_o body_n as_o be_v lighten_v before_o by_o the_o direct_a beam_n the_o refracted_a light_n be_v that_o which_o the_o philosopher_n say_v be_v engender_v by_o the_o direct_a light_n as_o it_o fall_v on_o crystal_n armour_n water_n and_o such_o shine_a thing_n as_o be_v apt_a to_o engender_v the_o same_o and_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o break_n of_o the_o direct_a light_n upon_o these_o body_n which_o it_o cause_v round_o about_o in_o every_o place_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o clear_a water_n towards_o the_o bottom_n as_o likewise_o on_o the_o superficies_n next_o the_o eye_n cap._n xxi_o the_o effect_n of_o light_n the_o light_n fall_v on_o the_o flesh_n of_o young_a woman_n and_o child_n cause_v a_o pleasant_a tender_a shadow_n without_o much_o reflection_n but_o when_o on_o old_a hard_a and_o stiff_a flesh_n it_o remain_v more_o harsh_a the_o shadow_n be_v hard_o but_o fall_v on_o plaistick_a figure_n though_o round_o like_o flesh_n it_o make_v certain_a unpleasant_a and_o too_o apparent_a reflection_n not_o suffer_v the_o thing_n to_o appear_v round_o like_o flesh_n confound_v one_o member_n with_o another_o and_o the_o more_o the_o more_o white_a the_o body_n be_v from_o the_o not_o due_a consideration_n hereof_o several_a painter_n have_v run_v into_o error_n by_o paint_v after_o antique_a statue_n and_o plaistick_n observe_v the_o light_n as_o it_o fall_v there_o whence_o their_o flesh_n appear_v unnatural_a in_o drapery_n it_o must_v be_v observe_v that_o those_o fold_n which_o come_v near_a to_o the_o bone_n as_o the_o joint_n of_o the_o finger_n the_o shoulder_n the_o knee_n and_o other_o eminence_n must_v be_v more_o strong_o touch_v then_o the_o other_o part_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v the_o flesh_n will_v appear_v the_o more_o soft_a and_o sweet_a on_o diamond_n and_o other_o precious_a stone_n the_o light_n fall_v more_o quick_a and_o strong_a according_a to_o the_o condensation_n of_o their_o body_n next_o upon_o polish_a metal_n as_o silver_n armour_n etc._n etc._n in_o armour_n must_v be_v reflection_n of_o all_o thing_n about_o it_o but_o dim_a than_o the_o armour_n receive_v from_o the_o primary_n light_n otherwise_o it_o will_v show_v ignorance_n in_o the_o perspective_n so_o likewise_o in_o other_o polish_a metal_n etc._n etc._n light_n be_v strong_a upon_o the_o body_n which_o have_v most_o correspondency_n with_o it_o as_o red_a sanguine_a and_o well_o colour_a complexion_n which_o on_o the_o ball_n of_o their_o cheek_n top_n of_o their_o nose_n etc._n etc._n have_v a_o strong_a luster_n and_o sharp_a shine_a then_o those_o of_o pale_a and_o wan_a complexion_n for_o there_o the_o light_n find_v no_o correspondency_n be_v dilate_v with_o a_o more_o remiss_a brightness_n black_a yield_v no_o sharp_a quickness_n except_o in_o respect_n to_o the_o perfection_n of_o matter_n as_o in_o black_a silk_n in_o comparison_n of_o woollen_a cloth_n in_o yellow_a the_o light_n cause_v a_o clear_a brightness_n have_v affinity_n with_o it_o especial_o in_o those_o which_o be_v free_a from_o paleness_n the_o light_n in_o green_n have_v a_o mediocrity_n and_o rather_o comfort_v than_o quicken_v the_o visual_a faculty_n in_o white_a it_o be_v too_o much_o continue_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o clearness_n which_o have_v correspondency_n unto_o black_a whence_o it_o receive_v its_o shadow_n we_o will_v now_o show_v how_o light_n engender_v its_o effect_n in_o body_n according_a to_o the_o eminency_n or_o depression_n restrain_v or_o dilate_v of_o their_o superficies_n from_o whence_o arise_v the_o harshness_n or_o sweetness_n in_o infancy_n the_o light_n on_o the_o superficies_n be_v dilate_v and_o not_o sharp_a by_o reason_n there_o be_v no_o other_o impression_n wrought_v in_o the_o beholder_n than_o a_o certain_a dilate_v of_o a_o fat_a and_o simple_a matter_n without_o sharpness_n and_o very_o little_a shadow_n in_o
action_n subject_a to_o sweat_v and_o redness_n autumn_n doubtful_a and_o something_o incline_v to_o melancholy_a winter_n restrain_v draw_v in_o and_o tremble_v yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o season_n a_o labour_a man_n must_v be_v express_v with_o raise_v limb_n swell_v and_o stand_v forth_o sweat_v &c._n &c._n especial_o in_o those_o who_o carry_v burden_n or_o use_v vehement_a leap_v fence_v or_o other_o violent_a exercise_n farther_o observe_v that_o in_o sleep_n the_o body_n must_v be_v without_o any_o motion_n of_o vigour_n and_o in_o such_o a_o posture_n as_o we_o may_v not_o suppose_v the_o uneasiness_n of_o it_o may_v prevent_v their_o rest_n we_o must_v take_v notice_n too_o of_o motion_n proceed_v from_o taste_n and_o smell_v sourness_n and_o bitterness_n cause_v the_o bend_n of_o the_o eyelid_n wrincle_n the_o forehead_n draw_v down_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o mouth_n etc._n etc._n sweet_a ann_n savoury_a thing_n cause_v a_o please_a and_o cheerful_a countenance_n as_o likewise_o odoriferous_a smell_v bad_a smell_v make_v we_o draw_v in_o the_o nostril_n look_v aside_o turn_v the_o back_n with_o wrinkle_a eyelid_n eye_n almost_o close_v and_o muoth_v draw_v in_o and_o last_o by_o hear_v and_o touch_v there_o be_v divers_a motion_n cause_v in_o our_o body_n sharp_a shrill_a sound_n raise_v sudden_a fear_n and_o affright_v grate_v sound_v cause_n jar_v of_o the_o tooth_n and_o shiver_a touch_v hot_a thing_n speedy_a and_o quick_a motion_n from_o touch_v cold_a as_o ice_n and_o snow_n restrain_v and_o fearful_a motion_n cap._n xix_o the_o natural_a reason_n of_o the_o divers_a impression_n make_v on_o the_o body_n ocasion_v by_o the_o passion_n of_o the_o mind_n joy_n cause_v a_o cheerfullness_n and_o vigour_n of_o the_o eye_n sing_v and_o dance_v etc._n etc._n sometime_o tear_n all_o these_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o dilation_n and_o come_v forth_o of_o the_o spirit_n into_o the_o outward_a part_n as_o for_o tear_n they_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o compression_n of_o the_o moisture_n of_o the_o brain_n upon_o dilation_n of_o the_o spirit_n joy_n have_v sometime_o cause_v sudden_a death_n by_o the_o spread_a of_o the_o spirit_n so_o much_o that_o they_o can_v not_o retire_v again_o shame_n cause_v blush_v which_o be_v the_o resort_v of_o the_o blood_n to_o the_o face_n which_o in_o the_o passion_n of_o shame_n be_v the_o part_n that_o labour_v most_o grief_n and_o pain_n cause_n divers_a impression_n viz._n distort_v of_o the_o face_n which_o be_v cause_v by_o a_o contention_n first_o to_o bear_n and_o resist_v and_o then_o to_o expel_v which_o make_v the_o part_n first_o to_o knit_v and_o afterward_o to_o open_v grind_v of_o the_o tooth_n be_v likewise_o cause_v by_o gather_v of_o the_o spirit_n together_o to_o resist_v which_o make_v the_o tooth_n set_v hard_a one_o against_o the_o other_o sigh_v be_v cause_v by_o draw_v in_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o breath_n to_o refresh_v the_o heart_n that_o labour_v scream_v and_o roar_v out_o be_v cause_v by_o a_o appetite_n of_o expulsion_n for_o when_o the_o spirit_n can_v expel_v the_o thing_n that_o hurt_v in_o their_o strife_n to_o do_v by_o motion_n of_o consent_n they_o expel_v the_o voice_n anger_n cause_v tremble_v sweat_v foam_v at_o the_o mouth_n stamp_v bend_v the_o fist_n paleness_n and_o go_v and_o come_v of_o the_o colour_n which_o last_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o burn_a of_o the_o spirit_n about_o the_o heart_n call_v in_o more_o spirit_n from_o the_o outward_a part_n to_o refresh_v they_o but_o in_o some_o there_o be_v no_o paleness_n but_o redness_n which_o be_v by_o send_v forth_o of_o the_o spirit_n in_o a_o appetite_n of_o revenge_n tremble_v in_o anger_n be_v when_o it_o be_v join_v with_o fear_n cause_v by_o a_o call_n in_o of_o the_o spirit_n swell_v be_v cause_v both_o by_o a_o dilation_n of_o the_o spirit_n by_o over-heating_a and_o by_o a_o liquefaction_n or_o boil_n of_o the_o humour_n thereon_o stamp_v and_o bend_v of_o the_o fist_n by_o a_o imagination_n of_o the_o act_n of_o revenge_n foam_v at_o the_o mouth_n be_v from_o the_o same_o cause_n with_o swell_v and_o be_v a_o ebullition_n wonder_n cause_v a_o immovable_a posture_n of_o the_o body_n by_o fix_v the_o mind_n upon_o one_o object_n of_o cogitation_n whereby_o it_o do_v not_o transcur_v and_o spatiate_v as_o usual_a for_o the_o spirit_n fly_v not_o as_o in_o fear_n but_o only_o settle_v less_o apt_a to_o move_v lift_v up_o the_o eye_n and_o hand_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o appeal_n to_o the_o deity_n the_o author_n of_o strange_a wonder_n lust_n cause_v a_o priapism_n and_o flagrancy_n in_o the_o eye_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o sight_n and_o the_o touch_n be_v the_o only_a thing_n desire_v in_o lust_n therefore_o the_o spirit_n fly_v to_o those_o part_n which_o be_v most_o affect_a fear_v cause_v paleness_n tremble_v stand_v up_o of_o the_o hair_n start_v stretch_v etc._n etc._n the_o blood_n run_v inward_a to_o succour_v the_o heart_n as_o before_o cause_v paleness_n tremble_v from_o the_o flight_n of_o the_o spirit_n inward_o leave_v the_o outward_a part_n destitute_a of_o sufficient_a to_o sustain_v they_o the_o shut_n of_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o skin_n cause_v the_o erection_n of_o the_o hair_n start_n a_o apprehension_n of_o a_o thing_n fear_v in_o that_o kind_n a_o motion_n of_o shrink_v likewise_o a_o inquisition_n in_o the_o beginning_n what_o the_o matter_n shall_v be_v and_o in_o that_o kind_n it_o be_v a_o motion_n of_o erection_n for_o start_v be_v a_o erection_n of_o the_o spirit_n to_o attend_v stretch_v be_v a_o appetite_n of_o expel_v what_o sudden_o strike_v the_o spirit_n laugh_v cause_v a_o dilatation_n of_o the_o mouth_n and_o lip_n a_o continual_a expulsion_n of_o breath_n with_o a_o loud_a noise_n which_o make_v the_o interjection_n of_o laugh_v sometime_o the_o eye_n run_v with_o water_n shake_v of_o the_o side_n the_o cause_n of_o these_o impression_n be_v from_o the_o dilatation_n of_o the_o spirit_n and_o the_o more_o the_o more_o sudden_a the_o object_n of_o laughter_n be_v yet_o this_o can_v scarce_o be_v term_v a_o passion_n but_o have_v his_o source_n from_o the_o intellect_n for_o there_o ever_o precede_v a_o conceit_n of_o something_o ridiculous_a and_o be_v only_o proper_a to_o man._n final_o the_o spirit_n in_o all_o passion_n resort_v most_o to_o the_o part_n which_o labour_v most_o or_o be_v most_o affect_a in_o fear_n and_o anger_n to_o the_o heart_n in_o shame_n to_o the_o face_n in_o lust_n to_o the_o venerious_a part_n etc._n etc._n cap._n xx._n of_o light_n light_n have_v so_o great_a force_n in_o paint_v that_o the_o graceful_a part_n consist_v much_o therein_o for_o if_o the_o light_n be_v well_o dispose_v there_o will_v be_v a_o beauty_n in_o the_o picture_n although_o not_o a_o perfection_n notwithstanding_o the_o draught_n be_v not_o extraordinary_a for_o it_o be_v through_o the_o virtue_n of_o that_o that_o the_o figure_n be_v bring_v off_o from_o the_o flat_a the_o force_n hereof_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o resurrection_n of_o our_o saviour_n as_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o covent_n of_o the_o church_n of_o grace_n in_o milan_n by_o bernard_n zenale_n triviliano_n where_o though_o the_o muscle_n and_o other_o necessary_a compliment_n for_o a_o perfect_a piece_n of_o work_n be_v not_o see_v yet_o it_o give_v a_o great_a satisfaction_n by_o the_o strength_n and_o orderly_a disposal_n of_o the_o light_n the_o power_n of_o it_o be_v likewise_o such_o that_o it_o give_v admirable_a foreshortning_n and_o perspective_n neither_o can_v form_n motion_n proportion_n composition_n order_n or_o figure_n have_v perfection_n without_o it_o like_o a_o body_n without_o situation_n or_o spirit_n the_o paripatetick_n say_v this_o be_v the_o cause_n or_o formal_a reason_n whereby_o colour_a thing_n be_v see_v who_o image_n pass_v to_o the_o fancy_n especial_o enlighten_v the_o eye_n in_o which_o the_o image_n be_v form_v pass_v first_o to_o the_o common_a sense_n then_o to_o the_o fancy_n and_o last_o to_o the_o understanding_n we_o be_v to_o observe_v three_o thing_n concur_v to_o our_o slight_n the_o visual_a line_n the_o colour_a body_n and_o the_o faculty_n of_o see_v which_o be_v in_o our_o eye_n the_o visual_a line_n lighten_v which_o be_v the_o proper_a matter_n and_o subject_n of_o the_o perspective_n come_v to_o our_o eye_n in_o a_o pyramidal_a form_n the_o basis_n of_o which_o pyramid_n rest_v in_o the_o object_n and_o the_o conus_fw-la or_o angle_n thereof_o come_v to_o the_o eye_n more_o blunt_a and_o obtuse_a and_o hereby_o we_o see_v the_o object_n more_o plain_o and_o distinct_o but_o if_o the_o object_n be_v far_o of_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o pyramid_n come_v to_o the_o eye_n more_o sharp_a which_o render_v the_o object_n the_o less_o discernible_a it_o be_v likewise_o
soul_n who_o despise_v the_o insipid_a and_o imperfect_a joy_n swallow_v down_o with_o greediness_n by_o the_o inconsiderate_a herd_n of_o mankind_n adapt_v themselves_o for_o those_o immortal_a pleasure_n but_o paint_v not_o only_o allure_v and_o delight_v with_o the_o charm_a number_n and_o noble_a information_n of_o poetry_n with_o the_o sweet_a unison_n and_o ravish_a harmony_n of_o music_n but_o likewise_o bring_v from_o their_o several_a orb_n the_o great_a monopolist_n of_o these_o science_n for_o we_o to_o converse_v with_o and_o by_o every_o artful_a stroke_n add_v to_o the_o erection_n of_o her_o own_o monument_n to_o the_o delight_n and_o instruction_n of_o the_o present_a and_o future_a age_n thus_o he_o who_o be_v not_o felicify_v with_o the_o fruition_n of_o these_o three_o beatitude_n enjoy_v the_o perfection_n of_o they_o all_o in_o this_o one_o charm_v mistress_n they_o who_o mind_n be_v fortunate_a through_o these_o exornation_n with_o what_o contempt_n may_v they_o 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a_o mistake_n in_o the_o hypothesis_n for_o the_o cause_n of_o all_o idolatry_n be_v either_o error_n or_o ignorance_n and_o not_o through_o the_o object_n of_o the_o worship_n for_o be_v the_o object_n the_o cause_n we_o shall_v impeach_v the_o wise_a creator_n for_o his_o best_a of_o gift_n the_o sun_n because_o the_o pagan_n worship_n it_o and_o esteem_v onion_n and_o garlic_n unlawful_a food_n because_o adore_v by_o the_o egyptian_n as_o for_o the_o picture_n of_o saint_n in_o foreign_a country_n we_o must_v imagine_v they_o set_v up_o in_o commemoration_n of_o those_o saint_n as_o see_v the_o picture_n of_o my_o friend_n make_v i_o immediate_o think_v of_o he_o and_o i_o have_v more_o charity_n then_o to_o think_v any_o in_o this_o enlighten_v age_n so_o profound_o ignorant_a as_o to_o expect_v succour_n from_o the_o cloth_n and_o colour_n as_o to_o the_o worship_n of_o the_o saint_n themselves_o nothing_o belong_v to_o this_o treatise_n and_o we_o have_v learned_a divine_n enough_o to_o discuss_v the_o controversy_n some_o have_v object_v it_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o much_o lewdness_n and_o debauchery_n by_o the_o many_o wanton_a picture_n have_v be_v continual_o expose_v as_o likewise_o print_v every_o where_o obvious_a to_o youth_n and_o may_v the_o more_o affect_v they_o the_o more_o they_o love_v the_o art_n i_o answer_v the_o substance_n be_v as_o frequent_v and_o obvious_a in_o every_o street_n as_o the_o shadow_n and_o the_o art_n of_o paint_v be_v no_o more_o to_o be_v censure_v on_o a_o lewd_a design_n than_o a_o chaste_a beautiful_a virgin_n on_o the_o account_n of_o a_o beautiful_a lewd_a wench_n other_o have_v think_v it_o unhealthful_a because_o sedentary_a but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o sedentary_a as_o some_o imagine_v for_o not_o alone_o they_o may_v but_o must_v walk_v often_o from_o the_o picture_n to_o observe_v the_o sympathy_n of_o the_o dsign_n and_o harmonious_a union_n of_o colour_n and_o i_o have_v know_v few_o afflict_a 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