be_v presume_v to_o suggest_v a_o reason_n of_o a_o palsy_n than_o apoplexy_n and_o can_v hardly_o be_v make_v out_o to_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o so_o sudden_a a_o seizure_n since_o such_o a_o congestion_n must_v be_v slow_a and_o so_o the_o effect_n general_o must_v come_v gradual_o whereas_o from_o a_o perfect_a state_n of_o health_n the_o apoplexy_n on_o a_o sudden_a as_o the_o name_n import_v ordinary_o seize_v beside_o though_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o spinal_a marrow_n and_o nerve_n thence_o arise_v be_v thus_o close_v rather_o than_o obstruct_v a_o obstruction_n be_v general_o i_o conceive_v in_o the_o common_a acception_n of_o the_o word_n understand_v to_o be_v from_o some_o matter_n within_o their_o tract_n and_o not_o proper_o from_o it_o external_o compress_v they_o whereby_o the_o spirit_n can_v ready_o descend_v into_o they_o yet_o their_o motion_n in_o the_o brain_n may_v possible_o for_o some_o time_n be_v free_a enough_o and_o consequent_o the_o soul_n exercise_n may_v be_v then_o entire_a for_o a_o while_n if_o not_o indeed_o exalt_v from_o the_o confinement_n those_o have_v to_o the_o brain_n in_o that_o case_n and_o it_o be_v observe_v many_o time_n that_o in_o a_o hydrocephalus_n intellection_n and_o other_o animal_n faculty_n fail_v only_o gradual_o though_o the_o ventricles_n have_v be_v find_v upon_o dissection_n to_o have_v be_v much_o fill_v which_o they_o must_v have_v be_v long_a time_n a_o do_v withal_o what_o be_v once_o get_v into_o the_o ventricles_n have_v no_o far_a communication_n with_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v disterminate_v from_o the_o brain_n by_o the_o interposition_n of_o the_o membrane_n but_o galen_n seem_v not_o very_o consistent_a to_o himself_o in_o this_o notion_n as_o make_v the_o brain_n itself_o de_n loc_n affectis_fw-la lib._n 3._o cap._n 10._o to_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o it_o without_o there_o mention_v the_o ventricles_n whereas_o fore_o cap._n 7._o as_o well_o as_o in_o other_o place_n he_o only_o seat_v it_o in_o these_o exclusive_o to_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n but_o that_o hypothesis_n be_v now_o antiquate_a and_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n general_o own_v to_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o it_o anatomical_a observation_n have_v as_o i_o say_v make_v it_o apparent_a it_o must_v be_v seat_v there_o and_o though_o several_a author_n have_v diverse_o explicate_v it_o yet_o there_o be_v two_o opinion_n particular_o which_o be_v now_o adays_o most_o celebrate_v and_o perhaps_o deserve_v to_o be_v so_o both_o on_o their_o own_o account_n as_o be_v each_o of_o they_o very_o specious_a though_o somewhat_o different_a from_o each_o other_o as_o also_o of_o their_o author_n the_o famous_a wepfer_n and_o willis_n these_o indeed_o seem_v to_o agree_v in_o their_o notion_n of_o the_o particular_a seat_n of_o it_o viz._n both_o of_o they_o assign_v the_o medullar_n substance_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o cerebellum_fw-la for_o it_o but_o they_o differ_v here_o in_o that_o the_o 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afflux_n of_o blood_n of_o which_o he_o assign_v several_a cause_n or_o if_o it_o have_v that_o yet_o that_o the_o distribution_n of_o the_o spirit_n into_o the_o nerve_n be_v hinder_v either_o by_o a_o obstruction_n of_o they_o at_o their_o original_n or_o their_o compression_n but_o willis_n doubt_v whether_o the_o former_a of_o these_o the_o want_n of_o a_o supply_n of_o blood_n can_v have_v place_n here_o since_o it_o be_v know_v there_o be_v every_o where_o about_o the_o brain_n as_o well_o as_o in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n mutual_a inosculation_n of_o the_o artery_n on_o the_o account_n of_o which_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v suppose_v that_o all_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o carotide_n and_o vertebral_n can_v on_o a_o sudden_a be_v obstruct_v but_o that_o if_o some_o happen_v to_o be_v so_o yet_o all_o part_n of_o the_o brain_n must_v receive_v the_o blood_n quick_o enough_o from_o those_o which_o be_v free_a by_o mean_n of_o these_o anastomosis_n and_o so_o the_o nerve_n may_v be_v ready_o enough_o supply_v or_o if_o these_o artery_n chance_v to_o be_v total_o obstruct_v he_o think_v the_o consequent_a distemper_n will_v not_o be_v proper_o a_o apoplexy_n but_o a_o lipothymy_n or_o hysterical_a affect_v from_o which_o consideration_n he_o deduce_v that_o what_o make_v a_o apoplexy_n must_v be_v something_o in_o the_o brain_n itself_o that_o cause_v either_o a_o solution_n of_o continuity_n in_o it_o or_o insinuate_v itself_o into_o the_o meditullium_fw-la cerebri_fw-la or_o original_n of_o the_o nerve_n and_o there_o either_o obstruct_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o spirit_n into_o they_o or_o else_o on_o the_o account_n of_o some_o narcotick_a or_o other_o disagreeable_a quality_n dissipate_v or_o depress_n they_o both_o these_o notion_n may_v with_o much_o great_a advantage_n be_v have_v from_o the_o learned_a author_n than_o a_o short_a abstract_n for_o which_o too_o under_o this_o head_n i_o shall_v apologise_v this_o relate_n to_o the_o cause_n but_o that_o withal_o it_o conduce_v to_o determine_v the_o seat_n but_o though_o dr._n willis_n have_v so_o specious_o urge_v against_o that_o tenant_n of_o the_o non-admission_n of_o blood_n to_o the_o brain_n to_o produce_v a_o apoplexy_n yet_o i_o suppose_v that_o with_o all_o deference_n to_o his_o great_a judgement_n his_o opinion_n that_o the_o proper_a medullar_n part_n of_o it_o be_v the_o only_a or_o at_o least_o most_o frequent_a seat_n of_o it_o be_v somewhat_o too_o contract_v not_o to_o say_v precarious_a and_o that_o on_o the_o other_o side_n though_o a_o apoplexy_n may_v perhaps_o sometime_o begin_v in_o the_o corpus_fw-la callosum_fw-la yet_o rather_o and_o much_o more_o frequent_o in_o the_o cortical_a than_o there_o or_o among_o the_o nerve_n at_o their_o original_n for_o though_o it_o be_v probable_a the_o meditullium_fw-la cerebri_fw-la be_v the_o place_n where_o the_o soul_n principal_o act_n and_o from_o whence_o she_o dispense_v her_o influence_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n and_o therefore_o she_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v disturb_v in_o her_o act_n and_o so_o a_o distemper_n be_v introduce_v till_o that_o part_n be_v disaffect_v yet_o i_o conceive_v that_o part_n be_v proper_o to_o be_v reckon_v the_o seat_n of_o a_o distemper_n where_o the_o cause_n that_o influential_o occasion_n the_o defection_n of_o nature_n due_a act_n first_o fix_v it_o self_n otherwise_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n but_o that_o wepfer_v denegation_n of_o spirit_n which_o willis_n oppugnes_fw-la may_v be_v sufficient_a both_o to_o make_v and_o denominate_v a_o apoplexy_n and_o indeed_o that_o the_o cortical_a be_v most_o apt_a to_o receive_v the_o morbific_n matter_n seem_v obvious_a from_o hence_o that_o in_o it_o the_o artery_n be_v most_o numerous_a and_o it_o most_o lax_n and_o yield_a so_o that_o when_o from_o any_o occasion_n the_o blood_n be_v apt_a to_o get_v out_o of_o or_o at_o least_o distend_a its_o vessel_n or_o indeed_o but_o to_o exude_v out_o of_o they_o it_o be_v probable_a this_o may_v be_v do_v more_o easy_o here_o than_o in_o the_o corpus_fw-la callosum_fw-la it_o be_v true_a it_o must_v be_v grant_v that_o the_o artery_n be_v disseminated_a through_o all_o part_n of_o it_o even_o to_o the_o inmost_a otherwise_o they_o can_v neither_o receive_v due_a heat_n nor_o nourishment_n if_o at_o least_o nourishment_n come_v immediate_o from_o the_o blood_n to_o any_o part_n but_o the_o root_n of_o the_o nerval_a tree_n numerous_o disperse_v through_o the_o cortex_fw-la which_o vessel_n though_o penetrate_a ever_o so_o deep_a if_o they_o chance_v either_o to_o open_v be_v break_v or_o become_v relax_v whereby_o they_o may_v let_v go_v some_o of_o the_o substance_n they_o carry_v after_o the_o manner_n by_o and_o by_o to_o be_v allege_v it_o be_v obvious_a must_v soon_o supply_v the_o matter_n of_o a_o considerable_a inundation_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v it_o of_o the_o blood_n or_o those_o
blood_n even_o in_o the_o vessel_n for_o any_o considerable_a time_n necessary_o kill_v both_o from_o what_o appear_v upon_o dissection_n not_o only_o wepfer_v before_o mention_v but_o other_o observation_n evince_v it_o and_o i_o myself_o happen_v to_o observe_v the_o same_o in_o the_o dissection_n of_o a_o very_a worthy_a lady_n the_o lady_n pakington_n the_o relation_n whereof_o be_v publish_v in_o the_o philosophical_a transaction_n num._n 173._o a._n d._n 1675._o as_o also_o in_o regard_n it_o seem_v difficult_a to_o make_v out_o how_o from_o a_o slow_a congestion_n if_o viscous_a matter_n be_v the_o cause_n or_o from_o a_o exudation_n of_o serum_fw-la the_o diffusion_n whereof_o though_o somewhat_o more_o speedy_a than_o in_o the_o supposition_n of_o viscosity_n be_v yet_o comparative_o slow_a to_o the_o sodainness_n of_o the_o invasion_n much_o more_o from_o so_o very_o slow_a a_o congestion_n as_o must_v produce_v a_o fleshy_a substance_n as_o the_o polypus_fw-la be_v unless_o on_o the_o occasion_n of_o its_o dislodging_n even_o now_o mention_v all_o the_o animal_n function_n from_o a_o perfect_a exercise_n of_o they_o as_o be_v most_o usual_o observable_a shall_v so_o instantaneous_o be_v destroy_v whereas_o the_o effusion_n of_o the_o blood_n out_o of_o its_o vessel_n may_v rational_o yield_v a_o account_n of_o this_o defection_n with_o as_o great_a swiftness_n as_o can_v be_v imagine_v the_o blood_n as_o i_o say_v before_o once_o get_v out_o of_o its_o channel_n be_v propel_v by_o mean_n of_o the_o impulse_n from_o the_o heart_n so_o as_o to_o diffuse_v itself_o immediate_o over_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o brain_n so_o far_o as_o the_o invest_n membrane_n will_v permit_v and_o though_o only_o one_o lobe_n of_o it_o chance_v to_o be_v disaffect_v yet_o the_o commerce_n be_v break_v off_o betwixt_o the_o spirit_n in_o this_o and_o the_o rest_n it_o seem_v probable_a though_o from_o the_o disproportion_n of_o our_o organ_n to_o discern_v those_o extreme_o small_a passage_n not_o autoptical_o demonstrable_a that_o there_o be_v a_o constant_a one_o by_o some_o small_a meatus_fw-la through_o the_o whole_a brain_n the_o action_n of_o the_o whole_a must_v cease_v since_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o for_o preform_v regular_o the_o action_n which_o be_v the_o province_n of_o any_o organ_n all_o the_o part_n of_o that_o organ_n must_v be_v due_o constitute_v and_o therefore_o much_o more_o ought_v this_o to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o brain_n who_o action_n be_v so_o much_o more_o considerable_a and_o nice_a than_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n as_o influence_v the_o whole_a body_n as_o well_o as_o its_o texture_n be_v more_o curious_a and_o substance_n more_o tender_a the_o four_o thing_n propose_v to_o be_v consider_v be_v the_o disposition_n of_o the_o part_n where_o the_o distemper_n be_v seat_v to_o be_v affect_v which_o have_v endeavour_v to_o make_v out_o to_o be_v the_o brain_n we_o be_v to_o reflect_v that_o much_o of_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o distemper_n as_o be_v before_o insinuate_v be_v owe_v to_o the_o vitiate_a organization_n of_o it_o and_o not_o all_o to_o the_o perluent_fw-la liquor_n for_o if_o it_o be_v firm_a in_o its_o tone_n and_o otherwise_o right_o constitute_v there_o be_v reason_n to_o suppose_v it_o may_v caeteris_fw-la paribus_fw-la much_o resist_v morbific_a impression_n whereas_o if_o it_o have_v be_v before_o weaken_v it_o be_v obvious_a it_o will_v easy_o yield_v to_o they_o we_o see_v in_o fever_n that_o the_o blood_n run_v rapid_o enough_o through_o it_o and_o in_o a_o anasarca_fw-la and_o cachectical_a habit_n the_o serum_fw-la make_v up_o much_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o blood_n which_o may_v therefore_o be_v presume_v apt_a to_o overflow_v that_o tender_a part_n so_o also_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o blood_n many_o time_n appear_v extreme_o viscous_a as_o in_o pleurisy_n rheumatisme_n etc._n etc._n yet_o in_o none_o of_o these_o case_n ordinary_o be_v the_o person_n incline_v to_o apoplexy_n so_o that_o though_o the_o irregularity_n of_o the_o liquor_n may_v sometime_o occasion_v they_o without_o this_o predisposition_n oft_o he_o brain_n yet_o when_o it_o appear_v they_o invade_v more_o frequent_o than_o otherwise_o they_o use_v to_o do_v there_o seem_v considerable_a reason_n to_o suppose_v that_o it_o deflect_v some_o way_n or_o other_o in_o its_o organization_n from_o what_o be_v natural_a to_o it_o this_o defect_n i_o deny_v not_o may_v perhaps_o sometime_o consist_v in_o too_o great_a a_o closeness_n of_o its_o texture_n whereby_o a_o partial_a obstruction_n of_o its_o vessel_n may_v be_v make_v by_o degree_n from_o the_o adhesion_n of_o some_o viscouse_n matter_n deposit_v by_o little_a and_o little_a by_o the_o circulate_v blood_n about_o the_o capillary_a artery_n and_o so_o the_o blood_n behind_o come_v indeed_o only_o to_o be_v retard_v here_o whilst_o no_o disturbance_n happen_v to_o it_o but_o take_v its_o course_n to_o some_o other_o region_n of_o the_o body_n but_o if_o it_o once_o come_v to_o be_v more_o than_o ordinary_o exagitated_a it_o may_v become_v so_o determine_v in_o its_o motion_n as_o at_o last_o to_o flow_v impetuous_o hither_o too_o but_o not_o be_v able_a to_o get_v through_o its_o usual_a channel_n must_v produce_v the_o effect_n before_o suggest_v of_o a_o irruption_n into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n but_o yet_o ordinary_o i_o conceive_v it_o depend_v upon_o too_o great_a laxity_n of_o it_o whereby_o when_o any_o forcible_a impulse_n happen_v it_o may_v too_o ready_o yield_v to_o it_o and_o so_o be_v sudden_o overwhelm_v this_o laxity_n may_v be_v consider_v to_o consist_v not_o only_o in_o a_o great_a inteneration_n of_o its_o substance_n than_o usual_a and_o thence_o its_o easiness_n to_o yield_v to_o the_o force_n of_o the_o impel_v blood_n to_o which_o in_o its_o due_a constitution_n it_o bear_v a_o proportion_n but_o likewise_o in_o the_o great_a openness_n of_o its_o pore_n than_o be_v natural_a though_o the_o fibre_n that_o constitute_v it_o have_v their_o due_a degree_n of_o firmness_n whereby_o it_o become_v capable_a of_o receive_v other_o and_o more_o bulky_a particle_n than_o usual_a as_o be_v consequential_a upon_o that_o texture_n so_o deprave_v which_o may_v possible_o as_o in_o too_o serous_a and_o acrimonious_a a_o dyscrasy_a of_o the_o blood_n proceed_v from_o the_o abrasion_n of_o some_o of_o the_o loose_a particle_n that_o constitute_v the_o habit_n of_o the_o part_n by_o the_o perluent_fw-la juice_n supply_v by_o such_o blood_n and_o i_o suppose_v may_v be_v the_o case_n of_o the_o lady_n before_o mention_v who_o be_v endue_v with_o a_o extraordinary_a acumen_n a_o great_a evidence_n of_o a_o exquisite_a constitution_n of_o the_o brain_n yet_o abound_v with_o exceed_o sharp_a substance_n in_o her_o blood_n or_o other_o liquor_n as_o many_o of_o her_o symptom_n declare_v which_o pore_n likewise_o may_v acquire_v other_o figure_n than_o be_v proper_a for_o they_o these_o concur_v particular_o to_o determine_v almost_o any_o of_o the_o secretion_n whether_o simple_a or_o mix_v that_o happen_v in_o our_o body_n so_o that_o when_o the_o brain_n happen_v to_o have_v its_o organization_n thus_o vitiate_v and_o the_o other_o cause_n concur_v a_o apoplexy_n may_v in_o probability_n easy_o enough_o be_v produce_v so_o that_o to_o recapitulate_v i_o conceive_v the_o part_n effect_v may_v either_o be_v the_o whole_a brain_n or_o any_o considerable_a part_n of_o it_o and_o either_o the_o cortical_a or_o medullar_n but_o especial_o or_o at_o lest_o first_o the_o cortical_a from_o whence_o the_o disaffect_v matter_n be_v transmit_v to_o the_o part_n of_o it_o which_o lie_v deep_o where_o the_o animal_n spirit_n principal_o exert_v themselves_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o distemper_n to_o consist_v in_o the_o sudden_a abolition_n of_o the_o due_a excrasie_n and_o distribution_n of_o they_o thence_o the_o immediate_a cause_n most_o usual_o when_o unavoidable_o fatal_a a_o effusion_n of_o blood_n out_o of_o its_o vessel_n upon_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n though_o i_o conceive_v a_o bare_a distension_n of_o the_o artery_n there_o may_v occasion_v it_o as_o also_o may_v perhaps_o a_o congestion_n of_o viscous_a or_o serous_a matter_n when_o it_o come_v to_o a_o considerable_a degree_n and_o become_v fresh_o excite_v or_o else_o polypous_a concretion_n or_o if_o we_o can_v suppose_v it_o any_o other_o obstruct_v matter_n deposit_v in_o it_o may_v at_o last_o produce_v it_o and_o the_o predisposition_n of_o the_o brain_n to_o it_o to_o consist_v usual_o in_o the_o more_o than_o ordinary_a laxity_n or_o openness_n of_o it_o these_o thing_n premise_v i_o consider_v to_o advance_v a_o little_a far_o towards_o the_o solution_n of_o the_o problem_n that_o whatsoever_o either_o 1_o sy_n cause_v a_o congestion_n of_o blood_n or_o 2_o dly_a otherwise_o so_o indispose_v it_o that_o it_o can_v ready_o and_o
a_o physico-medical_a essay_n concern_v the_o late_a frequency_n of_o apoplexy_n together_o with_o a_o general_a method_n of_o their_o prevention_n and_o cure._n in_o a_o letter_n to_o a_o physician_n by_o william_n cole_n m.d._n oxford_z print_v at_o the_o theater_n 1689._o imprimatur_fw-la gilb_n ironside_n vicecan_a oxon_n feb._n 20._o 1689._o to_o my_o much_o esteem_a friend_n samuel_n kimberley_n dr._n in_o physic_n dear_a sir._n though_o i_o must_v look_v on_o your_o request_n to_o have_v my_o thought_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o great_a frequency_n of_o apoplexy_n these_o late_a year_n than_o former_o as_o only_o a_o instance_n of_o your_o modesty_n in_o give_v a_o deference_n to_o the_o judgement_n of_o other_o when_o i_o doubt_v not_o your_o own_o notion_n if_o you_o please_v to_o draw_v they_o forth_o can_v better_o satisfy_v both_o yourself_o and_o all_o man_n else_o than_o any_o i_o can_v produce_v yet_o that_o i_o may_v not_o be_v want_v to_o the_o friendship_n i_o 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perhaps_o when_o the_o matter_n that_o cause_v it_o may_v be_v acrimonious_a but_o not_o in_o the_o degree_n or_o kind_n to_o produce_v convulsive_a symptom_n all_o sort_n of_o aculeated_a particle_n be_v not_o fit_a to_o produce_v one_o effect_n which_o the_o soft_a particle_n of_o these_o may_v by_o their_o adhesion_n so_o blunt_a or_o sheathe_v that_o their_o lancination_n must_v therefore_o immediate_o be_v take_v off_o but_o as_o these_o case_n be_v but_o rare_a so_o also_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o distinction_n make_v between_o the_o administration_n of_o medecine_n upon_o a_o emergency_n and_o their_o common_a use_n when_o no_o cause_n require_v it_o which_o last_o the_o present_a caution_n refer_v too_o for_o then_o there_o be_v reason_n to_o suspect_v they_o meet_v with_o no_o hostile_a particle_n may_v too_o much_o relax_v and_o open_v the_o pore_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o so_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o suggest_a inconvenience_n if_o the_o experiment_n of_o convulsive_a symptom_n which_o imply_v contraction_n ordinary_o excite_v by_o these_o medicine_n in_o those_o who_o be_v dispose_v to_o hysterick_a fit_n be_v urge_v against_o this_o notion_n which_o suppose_v the_o distemper_n under_o consideration_n to_o proceed_v from_o a_o laxity_n i_o answer_v first_o that_o it_o seem_v probable_a that_o these_o convulsive_a symptom_n proceed_v from_o a_o kind_n of_o explosion_n according_a to_o the_o sense_n of_o dr._n willis_n which_o must_v first_o infer_v a_o expansion_n of_o they_o and_o then_o a_o contraction_n when_o the_o due_a requisite_n to_o it_o concur_v for_o second_o the_o aromatic_a particle_n though_o of_o themselves_o very_o soft_a and_o agreeable_o enter_v at_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o nerve_n yet_o find_v after_o their_o admission_n heterogeneous_a and_o fermentative_a substance_n in_o the_o brain_n of_o some_o person_n may_v be_v very_o much_o incline_v from_o their_o congress_n first_o to_o agitate_v and_o then_o in_o return_n be_v agitate_a by_o they_o from_o whence_o the_o brain_n be_v vellicate_v be_v force_v into_o contraction_n to_o expel_v they_o upon_o which_o lucta_fw-la too_o such_o corpuscle_n must_v in_o probability_n be_v form_v as_o may_v prove_v very_o vellicate_v on_o a_o second_o score_n and_o so_o continue_v these_o fit_n as_o be_v uncapable_a to_o be_v sudden_o expel_v whereas_o when_o they_o happen_v to_o be_v apply_v to_o person_n not_o abound_v with_o such_o fermentative_a particle_n they_o may_v only_o relax_v the_o tone_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o so_o dispose_v to_o apoplexy_n on_o the_o forementioned_a account_n on_o the_o same_o score_n i_o conceive_v snush_n especial_o make_v as_o it_o be_v usual_o with_o aromatics_n and_o perfume_n and_o so_o mild_a either_o on_o the_o account_n of_o its_o ingredient_n or_o from_o frequent_a use_n as_o not_o to_o cause_v sternutation_n to_o be_v prejudicial_a instead_o of_o be_v advantageous_a to_o the_o health_n