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A10887 The byrth of mankynde, newly translated out of Laten into Englysshe. In the which is entreated of all suche thynges the which chaunce to women in theyr labor, and all suche infyrmitees whiche happen vnto the infantes after they be delyuered. And also at the latter ende or in the thyrde or last boke is entreated of the conception of mankynde, and howe manye wayes it may be letted or furtheryd, with diuers other fruytefull thynges, as doth appere in the table before the booke; Swangern Frawen und hebammen Rosegarten. English Roeslin, Eucharius, d. 1526.; Jonas, Richard. 1540 (1540) STC 21153; ESTC S116014 64,564 160

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thre wayes / fyrst that it kenleth enflameth the ayre or brethe contayned in the body / and so styfleth the chylde and sometymes the mother to / secondly that it relaxeth / dissolueth / and loseth the cotylydōs / and so maketh the byrth to yssue forth / thyrdlye that the vtter hette of the bathe encreaseth the inwarde heate of the body / in so muche that the byrthe not beynge able to sustayne and abyde the heate naturallye procedeth for refrigeration colynge / but in the tyme or about the tyme of labor she may vse bathes / as I declared before for the redyar and more expedite delyueraunce ¶ Item the intemperancie and mutation of the ayre / and whether maye be cause of aborcemente / for as Hypocrates wrytteth / when so euer the wynter is hote moyst / the sprynge tyde after colde and drye / suche women in that sprynge tyde maye sone and of a lyghte cause haue aborcement / or yf they aborce not / yet they shall be delyuered with greate payne / and the byrthe shall be verye weake and syckelye / soo that it shall dye strayght / or yf it dye not by and by / it shall proue but verye slenderlye / the cause of the whiche thynge is this for when that suche wynterynge chaunseth / the hote and moyste whether heateth and moisteth the womans bodye / and by that the bodye is opened / vnloosed / and resolued / no lesse then thought she ware euery daye bathed / and vpon this when the sprynge tyde cometh / yf it be colde and drye fyndynge the body open and vnlosed after suche sorte / the colde entryth and percethe the bodye the soner and the more vehementlye / and the byrthe fealynge the soden colde and change of whether / pyneth awaye and dyethe in the mothers bellye / or anone after it is delyuered / or yf it lyue / it lykethe not / nor prouethe not / and greate payne shall it be to kepe lyfe in it ¶ Item aborcement maye happen by ouer muche stearynge of the bodye in laborynge / daunsynge / or leapynge or by some fall or thrust agaynst some wall / or beatynge / or by some sodayne anger / feare / dredde / sorowe / or some soden vnloked for ioye Thus haue I rehersed all the causes of the whiche most commonlye maye ensue aborcemente or vntymely byrth the which no doubte is muche more grefe and vayne to the womā then the verye naturall labor / for suche thynges as chaunse to man or woman contrarye to nature / or before nature doth require it / is farre greater grefe then the same happenyng and commynge in his due season Sygnes wherby ye may forsee aborcemēt When the woman shall labor before her tyme / these sygnes are wonte to go before Fyrste her brestes which before were hoole / sounde / and full / shall begyn to were lesse / to fall / and to flagge then euer for the moste parte aborcement foloweth But yf it be so that she go with two chyldrē at once / yf one of the brestes swage / whiche before was in good lykynge / the other remaynyng sounde and safe / then loke of what syde the brest is of / and the chylde of that syde is in parell / wherfore Hypocrates wryteth Yf the ryght breste slake or flagge / the masculyne or male byrth is in parel yf the left / the female byrth for because that for the most part whē there be two at once / the one is masculyne and the other femenyne / the man lyeth in the ryght syde / and the woman in the lefte ¶ Also an other sygne of aborcemente is / when the woman hath greate paynes dolours of the matrice / and that she begyn to wexe redde in the face / and all partes of her bodye to shake and tremble / as thoughe it ware in a feuer / or the palsye in the heade Item when she feleth greate ache in the ynner parte of the eyes towarde the braynes / the reste of the bodye taken as it were with a werynesse and languesshynge / these thynges portende and sygnifye aborcement to be at hande / spetiallye yf at the same tyme the flowres yssue also ¶ Item yf the womans body do swell and inflate with a certayne hardnesse or styfnesse and that she fele stytches and as it were ven tosyte or wynde runnynge frome one syde of the bodye to the other / and yet the belly not withstandynge / beynge nothynge the more ponderous or wayghtye / and that the same inflacion do persyst and continue any whyle the woman takynge and eatynge such thynges which haue vertue to discusse and vanqueshe ventosite wyndénesse this thynge I saye dothe betoken parell of aborcemente throughe ventosite and inflacion / and that chieflye aboute the thyrde or fourth moneth after the conception Now haue I sufficiently declared euident sufficient signes where by maye be prouyded and forsene the aborcement before it come / nowe wyll I shewe you the remedyes / whereby it maye be auerted and let ¶ The chiefe remedy to auoyde aborcemēt is to auoyde shun all such thynges which maye be cause of it / the whiche I haue competentlye entreated of alreadye but yf ye feare aborcement because that the mouth of the matrice be ouer ample and large / then muste ye vse such thynges / whose operation is to contrahe / constrayne / and brynge to gether as bathes / fumigations / oyntementes / plasters / odours / and suche lyke / of the whithe I spake before in the seuenthe chapter / and suche thynges the whyche represse and stynte the flowres flowynge ouer muche after the byrthe ¶ Agayne yf ye feare this parell / because the mouthe of the matrice is moist and flypperye / other because that the cotylydons be repleate and fulfylled with vyscous humours / and with inflations or ventosytees then maye ye defende it by vsynge of suche thynges / whose qualitees be to purifye / clense / exiccat / or drye / and to represse ventosytees ¶ Howe be it / in all this matter lette not to make some experte physytyan of youre counseill / yf ye maye haue suche one / for because that manye suche thynges come / and not all by one waye or meane ¶ And yf ye doubte parell / for because that the matrice or other places aboute be infected / exulcerated / or appostumat / or hauynge the stone or strangurye / and such other thynges / then aske / and vse the aduyse of some well learned medycyne / and he shall shewe you howe all thynges shall be recured ¶ Yf agayne ye feare aborcement / because the partye is very weake and lowe brought / then let her feade on such thinges the which moysten and norysshe well or fatten the bodye / as capon flesshe / kydde / lamme / younge veale / partrige / and suche other ¶ Agayne yf the womā be taken with any sharpe and fell decease / then let her
deliueraunce of the same / it shal be fyrst verye necessary to shewe after what maner and fasshyon the infant lyeth in the mothers wombe / and in howe many caules the same is lapped and wrapped to the farther knowlege and perceuerance of suche thynges the whiche we shall entreate of hereafter ¶ wherfore ye shall vnderstande that the byrth lyeth in the mother after this maner Fyrste it lyeth rownde in maner as a bowle the handes beynge betwene the knees / and the hedde lenyng on the knees eyther of the eyes ioynynge vppon eyther of the knees the ryghte eye vppon the ryghte knee and the lefte vpon the lefte / the noose dependyng betwene the knees / so that the face and foreparte of the infante is towarde the inwarde partes of the woman / lyenge in maner vpryght in the mothers matryce ¶ Farther ye muste vnderstande that there be thre coueres or caules in the whiche the byrthe is contayned and lapped of the whiche the one compassyth embrasyth rownd aboute the byrthe / and the other two caules also and it is called the secondyne seconde byrth or the after byrthe the whiche defendeth the byrthe frome noysum and yll humours encreasynge in the matryce after conception by retensyon of the flowres otherwyse wonte to passe and yssue furthe ones in the monethe / the whiche yll humours yf they sholde touche or come nere to the byrth wolde greatlye peryshe and hurte the same But after the deliueraunce of the pryncipall byrth these humours also with the foresayd caule or secondyne yssue furthe / and is called the after byrthe ¶ The seconde caule with the whiche the byrth is coueryd / compasseth the same byrth frome the nauyll downe warde / couerynge all the inferyour partes of the infant / and this skynne or caule is as it were fulle of plyghtes and wrynkles and through this caule the byrthe is defended and kepte from yll and sharpe humours as vryne or pysse yssuynge frome the infante and swette c. for so longe as the chylde is in the mothers wombe it sendeth furthe vrine / not by the due membres but by the vayne whiche procedeth out of the nauell ¶ The thyrde shynne or caule lykewyse contayneth all the byrthe in it defendynge also the same frome humours vryne and from the boystesnes of the secondyne or fyrst caule and this is called the armoure or defence of the byrthe ¶ This is the maner of the sytuation and lodgyng of the infante in the mothers bellye and these be the thre caules contaynynge and enclosyng in the byrth Nowe wyll we speake of the tyme of byrthe ¶ Of the tyme of byrthe and whiche is called naturall or vnnaturall ¶ Cap .ii. ANd when the tyme of byrthe approchyth nere / moste commenly these sygnes folowyng come before by the which the tyme of labor is knowen to be at hande ¶ Fyrste certayne dolours and paynes begynne to growe about the guttes / the nauell / and in the raynes of the backe / and lykewyse aboute the thyghes the other places beinge nere to the priuy partes / which lykewyse then beginneth to swell and to burne and to expell humours / so that it gyueth playne and euident token that the labor is nere ¶ But ye shall note that there is two manner of byrthes / the one called naturall / the other contrarye to nature Naturall byrthe is when the chylde is borne bothe in due season also in due fashion The due season is most commenlye after the .ix. moneth or aboute .xl. wekes after the conception / althoughe some be delyuered sometymes in the seuenthe moneth / and the chylde proueth verye well But such as are borne in the eyght moneth / other they be dead before the byrth / or els lyue not longe after / as the noble medicine Auicenna doth testifye ¶ The due fashion of byrthe is this / accordynge as wytnesseth Albert the greate / fyrste the head commeth forwarde / then foloweth the necke and shouldes / the armes with the handes lyenge close to the bodye towarde the fete / the face and forepart of the chylde beyng towardes the face and foreparte of the mother / as it appeareth in the fyrste of the byrthe fygures For as Albertus writeth / and as we haue rehersed before also / before the tyme of delyueraunce the chylde lyeth in the mothers wombe the face and breste beynge towardes the backe of the mother / but when it sholde be delyuered / it is torned clene contrary / the head downewarde / the fete vpwarde / and the face towarde the mothers bellye / and that yf the byrth be natural Another thyng also is this / that yf the byrthe be naturall / the delyuerance is easye withoute longe taryenge or lokynge for it ¶ The byrth contrarye to nature is / when the mother is delyuered before her tyme / or oute of due season / or after any other fashion then is here specyfyed before / as when bothe legges procede fyrste / or one alone / with both the handes vp / or both downe / other elles the one vp the other downe / and diuers otherwise as shal be hereafter more clerely declared ¶ Of easye and vneasye difficull or dolorous delyueraunce and the causes of it with the sygues howe to knowe and forese the same ¶ Cap .iii. VEry many be the parelles / dangerous stronges which chanse to women in theyr labor / whiche ensue come in dyuers wayes / for dyuers causes / such as I shal here declare ¶ Fyrst when the woman that laboreth is conceyued ouer yonge / as before .xii. yee or .xv. yere of aege / which chāseth somtyme / though not verye often / and that the passage be ouer angust streate or naro we / other naturally / or els for some disease and infirmite / which may happen about that parte / as apostumes / pusshes / pyles / or blysterres / and such other / thorowe the whiche causes nature can not but with great dolor and payne open and dilate it selfe to the expellynge delyuerance of the chylde And sometyme the vesyke or bladder / or other intralles beyng about the matrice or wombe be also apostumat blystered / whiche beynge greaued / the matrice or wombe lykewyse is greaued with them / and that hyndereth greatly the deliueraunce Also sometyme in the fundament are emerrodes or pyles and other pusshes / chappynges or chynnes which cause greate payne / also hardnes and difficulte or byndynge of the belly / which thinges for the grefe and payne that ensueth of them causeth the woman to haue lyttell power to help herselfe in her labor ¶ Farthermore if the partie be weke and of feble complexion / or of nature very colde / or to yonge / or very aged / or to grosse and fatte / or contrarye wyse to spare and leane / or that she neuer had chylde before / or that she be ouer timorous and fearefull / dyuers waywarde / or suche one
syde / so that nothyng appeare betwene the peces of lynnen in the myddes of them / but onely the clefte and ryfte of the wounde in the breadthe of a strawe / then this done / sowe these sydes of lynnen to gether close as before I bed you to sowe the skynne when they be thus stytched to gether / laye a lyttell lyquyd pytche vpon the seme and this done the lappes and sydes of the wond vnder the lynnen plaster wyll growe to gether agayne heale / thē may ye remoue your plasters ¶ I●ē another way take camfely dryed / beate it to powder / also cummyn and cynamome both beaten to powder / ioyne all thre to gether / and strew of this powder into the wounde / and without faute it shall heale ¶ Of aborcementes or vntymelye byrthes and the causes of it and by what remedyes it maye be defended holpen eased ¶ Cap .viii. ABorcement or vntymely byrth is / when the woman is delyuered before due season before the frute be rype as in the iij.iiij or .v. monethe before the byrth haue lyfe and sometymes after it hath lyfe it is delyuered before it steare beynge by some chaunse dead in the mothers wombe Of the which thynge there be many and dyuers causes ¶ Fyrste sometymes the mouth of the matrice is so large and ample / that it can not cōueniently shytte it selfe to gether / nether contayne the feture or conceptiō / or it is corrupt and infect with such vicyous yll humours that it is so slyppery that the feture slyppeth and slydeth forth Also sometymes the matrice is apostumated sore / so that for payne it can not contayne the conception ¶ Item sometyme the cotilydons / that is the vaynes and synnues by the which the cōception and feature is tyed and fastened in the matrice through the which also the feature receaueth noryshment and fode be stopped with vyscous and yll humours / or elles swollen by inflation / so that they breake / by the whiche meanes the feature destitute of his wont noryshment peryssheth and dyeth / and that moste commonlye in the seconde or thyrde monethe after conception wherfore Hypocrates sayth All suche women whiche be impregnat or conceaued being of a meane state in her bodye / that is to saye / neyther to fat or grosse / ne to spare or leane yf it chanse anye suche to aborce in the seconde or thyrde moneth no other euident cause appearyng knowe ye for certayne that it ensueth for because the cotilydons be opplete / stopped / and stuffed with yll humours / be swollen and puffed therewith / that they breake / and so cōsequētly the feature dryeth for faute of fode ¶ Item aborcemente sometyme commeth by reason that some of the places about the matrice be deseased and greaued as yf intestinum rectum / whiche is called the fundament gutte be exulcerat / hauynge the pyles or hemorroides / or the vysyke or bladder be swollen or encombred with the stone / the strangurye / or other yll / in these cases thorough the greate labor and payne the which the partie hathe in endeuourynge and enforsynge her selfe other to stole or to make water / be engendred greate motions downewarde / by the whiche meanes manye tymes the cotylydons be enfringed and broken ¶ Also aborcement maye come of a disease called Tenasmus / the whiche is when one hath euer greate desyre and luste to the stole and yet can do nothynge / neuer the lesse the parties greately do enforce and payne them selfe to it / as Hypocrates sayth The pregnant woman which hath tenasmum / for the moste parte aborteth ¶ Item the coughe / yf it be greuous / causeth the same / and as the forenamed excellēt phisytiane sayth / such as are very spare and leane and brought lowe euermore lyghtlye dothe aborte / for because that as Auicenna wryteth all the meate and fode the whiche they receaue / turneth to the fode / noryshmēt / and restauration of theyr owne bodyes / and so is the conception destitute of fode / wherfore necessarily it dyeth ¶ Item this chanse also commeth by ouer muche bleadynge or yssuyng of the flowres / when they yssue immoderatly And so sayth Hypocrates Yf the woman yelde flowres after her conception / it can not be that the feature do longe proue / the which saying muste be vnderstande / yf they flowe vehementlye / or that the partie be weake and verye spare / or yf it be after the thyrde moneth / for it may be well that in the fyrst and seconde moneth flowres maye yssue / and yet no daunger / for as yet lyttell fode and noryshment satisfieth the conception ¶ Item to be let bloude / maye be the cause of aborcement as Hypocrates sayth whiche muste be vnderstande in suche as haue but lyttell store of bloud but such as haue great copie plentie of bloude maye without any parell yf any cause requyre it be let bloude / so that it be after the .iiij. moneth and before the .vii. Howe be it I wolde that none shold be let bloude / except some greate and vrgent cause dyd requyre it ¶ Item it maye come by takynge of some stronge purgation before the .iiij. monethe after the vii moneth / and yf it be so that any necessitie do so requyre that she muste nedes receaue a purgation / let it be done betwent the .iiij. and the .vij. moneth after the conception for then maye it be with lest parell / and se that the purgation be very gentell easy ¶ Also this maye come by reason of a continuall fluxe / be it bloudy or otherwyse / and spetially yf the woman be weake and spare / for by that meanes the conception is greately weakened and peryshed Item ouer much vomytynge may be cause of aborcement / for by ouer muche galpynge and reachynge vpwardes the cotilydons maye be broken / and so the feature to perysshe ¶ Item ouer muche famyne or hunger also sharpe and faruent syckenesse maye be the cause hereof / as the pestelence / apostume in the breste / the soden palsie / the fallynge syckenes c. Also ouer much dronkenesse excesse fedynge and surfetynge / by the which the byrthe is suffocat and strangeled in the bellye and the fode corrupte for lacke of due digestion Itē yf the byrthe be sycke by anye outwarde or inwarde cause / or yf the secondyne in the which the feature is contayned / do breake before his tyme and the humours and waterres of the same flowe and yssue forth / causeth the place to be slyppery / and so the byrth to slyde awaye vntymely / or yf the mother haue taken very greate colde / which maye sone chanse in the farre northe partes / or ouer greate heate / which weakeneth both mother and chylde And therfore ought women with chylde to eschue muche bathynge or goyng to the hote houses in theyr temyng for that maye do hurte