action_n subject_a to_o sweat_v and_o redness_n autumn_n doubtful_a and_o something_o incline_v to_o melancholy_a winter_n restrain_v draw_v in_o and_o tremble_v yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o season_n a_o labour_a man_n must_v be_v express_v with_o raise_v limb_n swell_v and_o stand_v forth_o sweat_v &c._n &c._n especial_o in_o those_o who_o carry_v burden_n or_o use_v vehement_a leap_v fence_v or_o other_o violent_a exercise_n farther_o observe_v that_o in_o sleep_n the_o body_n must_v be_v without_o any_o motion_n of_o vigour_n and_o in_o such_o a_o posture_n as_o we_o may_v not_o suppose_v the_o uneasiness_n of_o it_o may_v prevent_v their_o rest_n we_o must_v take_v notice_n too_o of_o motion_n proceed_v from_o taste_n and_o smell_v sourness_n and_o bitterness_n cause_v the_o bend_n of_o the_o eyelid_n wrincle_n the_o forehead_n draw_v down_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o mouth_n etc._n etc._n sweet_a ann_n savoury_a thing_n cause_v a_o please_a and_o cheerful_a countenance_n as_o likewise_o odoriferous_a smell_v bad_a smell_v make_v we_o draw_v in_o the_o nostril_n look_v aside_o turn_v the_o back_n with_o wrinkle_a eyelid_n eye_n almost_o close_v and_o muoth_v draw_v in_o and_o last_o by_o hear_v and_o touch_v there_o be_v divers_a motion_n cause_v in_o our_o body_n sharp_a shrill_a sound_n raise_v sudden_a fear_n and_o affright_v grate_v sound_v cause_n jar_v of_o the_o tooth_n and_o shiver_a touch_v hot_a thing_n speedy_a and_o quick_a motion_n from_o touch_v cold_a as_o ice_n and_o snow_n restrain_v and_o fearful_a motion_n cap._n xix_o the_o natural_a reason_n of_o the_o divers_a impression_n make_v on_o the_o body_n ocasion_v by_o the_o passion_n of_o the_o mind_n joy_n cause_v a_o cheerfullness_n and_o vigour_n of_o the_o eye_n sing_v and_o dance_v etc._n etc._n sometime_o tear_n all_o these_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o dilation_n and_o come_v forth_o of_o the_o spirit_n into_o the_o outward_a part_n as_o for_o tear_n they_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o compression_n of_o the_o moisture_n of_o the_o brain_n upon_o dilation_n of_o the_o spirit_n joy_n have_v sometime_o cause_v sudden_a death_n by_o the_o spread_a of_o the_o spirit_n so_o much_o that_o they_o can_v not_o retire_v again_o shame_n cause_v blush_v which_o be_v the_o resort_v of_o the_o blood_n to_o the_o face_n which_o in_o the_o passion_n of_o shame_n be_v the_o part_n that_o labour_v most_o grief_n and_o pain_n cause_n divers_a impression_n viz._n distort_v of_o the_o face_n which_o be_v cause_v by_o a_o contention_n first_o to_o bear_n and_o resist_v and_o then_o to_o expel_v which_o make_v the_o part_n first_o to_o knit_v and_o afterward_o to_o open_v grind_v of_o the_o tooth_n be_v likewise_o cause_v by_o gather_v of_o the_o spirit_n together_o to_o resist_v which_o make_v the_o tooth_n set_v hard_a one_o against_o the_o other_o sigh_v be_v cause_v by_o draw_v in_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o breath_n to_o refresh_v the_o heart_n that_o labour_v scream_v and_o roar_v out_o be_v cause_v by_o a_o appetite_n of_o expulsion_n for_o when_o the_o spirit_n can_v expel_v the_o thing_n that_o hurt_v in_o their_o strife_n to_o do_v by_o motion_n of_o consent_n they_o expel_v the_o voice_n anger_n cause_v tremble_v sweat_v foam_v at_o the_o mouth_n stamp_v bend_v the_o fist_n paleness_n and_o go_v and_o come_v of_o the_o colour_n which_o last_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o burn_a of_o the_o spirit_n about_o the_o heart_n call_v in_o more_o spirit_n from_o the_o outward_a part_n to_o refresh_v they_o but_o in_o some_o there_o be_v no_o paleness_n but_o redness_n which_o be_v by_o send_v forth_o of_o the_o spirit_n in_o a_o appetite_n of_o revenge_n tremble_v in_o anger_n be_v when_o it_o be_v join_v with_o fear_n cause_v by_o a_o call_n in_o of_o the_o spirit_n swell_v be_v cause_v both_o by_o a_o dilation_n of_o the_o spirit_n by_o over-heating_a and_o by_o a_o liquefaction_n or_o boil_n of_o the_o humour_n thereon_o stamp_v and_o bend_v of_o the_o fist_n by_o a_o imagination_n of_o the_o act_n of_o revenge_n foam_v at_o the_o mouth_n be_v from_o the_o same_o cause_n with_o swell_v and_o be_v a_o ebullition_n wonder_n cause_v a_o immovable_a posture_n of_o the_o body_n by_o fix_v the_o mind_n upon_o one_o object_n of_o cogitation_n whereby_o it_o do_v not_o transcur_v and_o spatiate_v as_o usual_a for_o the_o spirit_n fly_v not_o as_o in_o fear_n but_o only_o settle_v less_o apt_a to_o move_v lift_v up_o the_o eye_n and_o hand_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o appeal_n to_o the_o deity_n the_o author_n of_o strange_a wonder_n lust_n cause_v a_o priapism_n and_o flagrancy_n in_o the_o eye_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o sight_n and_o the_o touch_n be_v the_o only_a thing_n desire_v in_o lust_n therefore_o the_o spirit_n fly_v to_o those_o part_n which_o be_v most_o affect_a fear_v cause_v paleness_n tremble_v stand_v up_o of_o the_o hair_n start_v stretch_v etc._n etc._n the_o blood_n run_v inward_a to_o succour_v the_o heart_n as_o before_o cause_v paleness_n tremble_v from_o the_o flight_n of_o the_o spirit_n inward_o leave_v the_o outward_a part_n destitute_a of_o sufficient_a to_o sustain_v they_o the_o shut_n of_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o skin_n cause_v the_o erection_n of_o the_o hair_n start_n a_o apprehension_n of_o a_o thing_n fear_v in_o that_o kind_n a_o motion_n of_o shrink_v likewise_o a_o inquisition_n in_o the_o beginning_n what_o the_o matter_n shall_v be_v and_o in_o that_o kind_n it_o be_v a_o motion_n of_o erection_n for_o start_v be_v a_o erection_n of_o the_o spirit_n to_o attend_v stretch_v be_v a_o appetite_n of_o expel_v what_o sudden_o strike_v the_o spirit_n laugh_v cause_v a_o dilatation_n of_o the_o mouth_n and_o lip_n a_o continual_a expulsion_n of_o breath_n with_o a_o loud_a noise_n which_o make_v the_o interjection_n of_o laugh_v sometime_o the_o eye_n run_v with_o water_n shake_v of_o the_o side_n the_o cause_n of_o these_o impression_n be_v from_o the_o dilatation_n of_o the_o spirit_n and_o the_o more_o the_o more_o sudden_a the_o object_n of_o laughter_n be_v yet_o this_o can_v scarce_o be_v term_v a_o passion_n but_o have_v his_o source_n from_o the_o intellect_n for_o there_o ever_o precede_v a_o conceit_n of_o something_o ridiculous_a and_o be_v only_o proper_a to_o man._n final_o the_o spirit_n in_o all_o passion_n resort_v most_o to_o the_o part_n which_o labour_v most_o or_o be_v most_o affect_a in_o fear_n and_o anger_n to_o the_o heart_n in_o shame_n to_o the_o face_n in_o lust_n to_o the_o venerious_a part_n etc._n etc._n cap._n xx._n of_o light_n light_n have_v so_o great_a force_n in_o paint_v that_o the_o graceful_a part_n consist_v much_o therein_o for_o if_o the_o light_n be_v well_o dispose_v there_o will_v be_v a_o beauty_n in_o the_o picture_n although_o not_o a_o perfection_n notwithstanding_o the_o draught_n be_v not_o extraordinary_a for_o it_o be_v through_o the_o virtue_n of_o that_o that_o the_o figure_n be_v bring_v off_o from_o the_o flat_a the_o force_n hereof_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o resurrection_n of_o our_o saviour_n as_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o covent_n of_o the_o church_n of_o grace_n in_o milan_n by_o bernard_n zenale_n triviliano_n where_o though_o the_o muscle_n and_o other_o necessary_a compliment_n for_o a_o perfect_a piece_n of_o work_n be_v not_o see_v yet_o it_o give_v a_o great_a satisfaction_n by_o the_o strength_n and_o orderly_a disposal_n of_o the_o light_n the_o power_n of_o it_o be_v likewise_o such_o that_o it_o give_v admirable_a foreshortning_n and_o perspective_n neither_o can_v form_n motion_n proportion_n composition_n order_n or_o figure_n have_v perfection_n without_o it_o like_o a_o body_n without_o situation_n or_o spirit_n the_o paripatetick_n say_v this_o be_v the_o cause_n or_o formal_a reason_n whereby_o colour_a thing_n be_v see_v who_o image_n pass_v to_o the_o fancy_n especial_o enlighten_v the_o eye_n in_o which_o the_o image_n be_v form_v pass_v first_o to_o the_o common_a sense_n then_o to_o the_o fancy_n and_o last_o to_o the_o understanding_n we_o be_v to_o observe_v three_o thing_n concur_v to_o our_o slight_n the_o visual_a line_n the_o colour_a body_n and_o the_o faculty_n of_o see_v which_o be_v in_o our_o eye_n the_o visual_a line_n lighten_v which_o be_v the_o proper_a matter_n and_o subject_n of_o the_o perspective_n come_v to_o our_o eye_n in_o a_o pyramidal_a form_n the_o basis_n of_o which_o pyramid_n rest_v in_o the_o object_n and_o the_o conus_fw-la or_o angle_n thereof_o come_v to_o the_o eye_n more_o blunt_a and_o obtuse_a and_o hereby_o we_o see_v the_o object_n more_o plain_o and_o distinct_o but_o if_o the_o object_n be_v far_o of_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o pyramid_n come_v to_o the_o eye_n more_o sharp_a which_o render_v the_o object_n the_o less_o discernible_a it_o be_v likewise_o
to_o be_v note_v that_o the_o object_n come_v not_o to_o the_o eye_n but_o the_o visible_a spirit_n be_v diffuse_v through_o the_o clearness_n of_o the_o air_n to_o the_o eye_n which_o spirit_n be_v certain_a image_n like_o those_o in_o a_o look_a glass_n when_o any_o thing_n be_v represent_v therein_o if_o the_o colour_a body_n or_o object_n stand_v near_o to_o this_o image_n it_o come_v to_o our_o eye_n in_o the_o same_o quantity_n and_o bigness_n of_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o pyramid_n now_o because_o this_o angle_n come_v to_o our_o eye_n in_o a_o obtuse_a form_n the_o image_n also_o seem_v great_a and_o so_o be_v discern_v the_o more_o distinct_o but_o when_o the_o colour_a object_n stand_v afar_o off_o the_o image_n come_v to_o the_o eye_n in_o a_o small_a and_o slender_a angle_n and_o therefore_o fill_v not_o the_o eye_n but_o waver_v in_o such_o sort_n that_o it_o can_v be_v clear_o and_o distinct_o discern_v and_o last_o the_o faculty_n of_o see_v be_v reduce_v into_o act_n by_o the_o concur_v of_o the_o other_o two_o viz._n the_o uisual_a line_n and_o the_o colour_a body_n which_o reform_v the_o eye_n by_o reduce_v it_o from_o mere_a ability_n into_o act._n from_o which_o ground_n for_o these_o two_o reason_n the_o self_n same_o body_n can_v be_v equal_o lighten_v in_o all_o place_n first_o because_o light_n with_o all_o its_o brightness_n do_v not_o illuminate_v more_o than_o that_o part_n direct_o opposite_a to_o it_o not_o have_v power_n to_o illustrate_v the_o other_o part_n so_o perfect_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o dark_a terrene_a and_o gross_a body_n which_o hinder_v the_o beam_n from_o pierce_v inward_o to_o perform_v their_o effect_n so_o perfect_o the_o second_o reason_n be_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o eye_n what_o be_v near_a come_v with_o a_o big_a angle_n be_v more_o distinct_o see_v what_o at_o distance_n by_o a_o less_o and_o be_v more_o imperfect_a so_o proportionable_o of_o a_o three_o and_o four_o till_o the_o eye_n can_v discern_v no_o far_o light_n be_v twofold_a primary_n and_o secondary_a the_o primary_n be_v that_o which_o fall_v on_o that_o part_n of_o the_o colour_a body_n which_o be_v opposite_a to_o the_o body_n give_v light_n touch_v it_o with_o direct_a beam_n a_o light_a body_n be_v that_o which_o have_v light_n within_o itself_o as_o the_o sun_n fire_n etc._n etc._n now_o that_o light_n which_o arise_v from_o this_o primary_n light_n be_v the_o secondary_a light_n light_n be_v divide_v into_o divers_a other_o important_a branch_n draw_v from_o the_o physiologicall_a part_n of_o the_o perspective_n who_o chief_n end_n be_v to_o seek_v out_o the_o principle_n cause_n and_o element_n of_o all_o visible_a thing_n together_o with_o their_o species_n and_o essential_a difference_n but_o ever_o in_o general_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n according_a to_o the_o divers_a consideration_n of_o see_v the_o secondary_a light_n be_v likewise_o of_o three_o sort_n the_o direct_a reflect_v and_o refract_v the_o first_o primary_n light_n be_v that_o which_o fall_v upon_o and_o be_v receive_v in_o that_o part_n of_o a_o colour_a body_n which_o be_v opposite_a to_o the_o body_n give_v light_n which_o run_v upon_o the_o body_n touch_v they_o sweet_o with_o a_o certain_a natural_a order_n not_o possess_v they_o in_o any_o of_o the_o extreme_n as_o other_o light_n do_v and_o must_v be_v observe_v in_o history_n suppose_v in_o the_o open_a air._n the_o second_o primary_n light_n be_v that_o which_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o apparition_n of_o angel_n or_o glory_n as_o about_o our_o saviour_n in_o his_o nativity_n his_o transfiguration_n his_o resurrection_n etc._n etc._n and_o it_o must_v be_v observe_v in_o all_o part_n according_a to_o their_o distance_n on_o every_o side_n the_o three_o primary_n light_n be_v from_o fire_n torch_n lamp_n candle_n etc._n etc._n but_o must_v be_v less_o refulgient_a than_o the_o last_o in_o this_o we_o must_v observe_v whither_o it_o be_v by_o day_n or_o night_n the_o matter_n burn_v etc._n etc._n where_o there_o be_v several_a light_n there_o must_v be_v care_v take_v how_o they_o be_v place_v that_o by_o their_o opposition_n they_o take_v not_o away_o all_o occasion_n of_o shadow_v which_o will_v diminish_v their_o beauty_n through_o the_o want_n of_o force_n and_o strength_n likewise_o that_o they_o cast_v not_o double_a shadow_n and_o confound_v each_o other_o the_o secondary_a light_n be_v that_o which_o be_v cause_v not_o by_o direct_a beam_n but_o reflect_v though_o direct_v from_o the_o primary_n light_n which_o be_v the_o first_o species_n of_o the_o second_o division_n of_o light_n and_o be_v bright_a according_a to_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o body_n it_o meet_v with_o but_o strike_v only_o on_o the_o superficies_n direct_v opposite_a to_o it_o the_o reflect_v light_n be_v that_o which_o arise_v from_o the_o end_n of_o the_o direct_a it_o lighten_v all_o the_o body_n on_o which_o it_o fall_v chief_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o such_o body_n as_o be_v lighten_v before_o by_o the_o direct_a beam_n the_o refracted_a light_n be_v that_o which_o the_o philosopher_n say_v be_v engender_v by_o the_o direct_a light_n as_o it_o fall_v on_o crystal_n armour_n water_n and_o such_o shine_a thing_n as_o be_v apt_a to_o engender_v the_o same_o and_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o break_n of_o the_o direct_a light_n upon_o these_o body_n which_o it_o cause_v round_o about_o in_o every_o place_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o clear_a water_n towards_o the_o bottom_n as_o likewise_o on_o the_o superficies_n next_o the_o eye_n cap._n xxi_o the_o effect_n of_o light_n the_o light_n fall_v on_o the_o flesh_n of_o young_a woman_n and_o child_n cause_v a_o pleasant_a tender_a shadow_n without_o much_o reflection_n but_o when_o on_o old_a hard_a and_o stiff_a flesh_n it_o remain_v more_o harsh_a the_o shadow_n be_v hard_o but_o fall_v on_o plaistick_a figure_n though_o round_o like_o flesh_n it_o make_v certain_a unpleasant_a and_o too_o apparent_a reflection_n not_o suffer_v the_o thing_n to_o appear_v round_o like_o flesh_n confound_v one_o member_n with_o another_o and_o the_o more_o the_o more_o white_a the_o body_n be_v from_o the_o not_o due_a consideration_n hereof_o several_a painter_n have_v run_v into_o error_n by_o paint_v after_o antique_a statue_n and_o plaistick_n observe_v the_o light_n as_o it_o fall_v there_o whence_o their_o flesh_n appear_v unnatural_a in_o drapery_n it_o must_v be_v observe_v that_o those_o fold_n which_o come_v near_a to_o the_o bone_n as_o the_o joint_n of_o the_o finger_n the_o shoulder_n the_o knee_n and_o other_o eminence_n must_v be_v more_o strong_o touch_v then_o the_o other_o part_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v the_o flesh_n will_v appear_v the_o more_o soft_a and_o sweet_a on_o diamond_n and_o other_o precious_a stone_n the_o light_n fall_v more_o quick_a and_o strong_a according_a to_o the_o condensation_n of_o their_o body_n next_o upon_o polish_a metal_n as_o silver_n armour_n etc._n etc._n in_o armour_n must_v be_v reflection_n of_o all_o thing_n about_o it_o but_o dim_a than_o the_o armour_n receive_v from_o the_o primary_n light_n otherwise_o it_o will_v show_v ignorance_n in_o the_o perspective_n so_o likewise_o in_o other_o polish_a metal_n etc._n etc._n light_n be_v strong_a upon_o the_o body_n which_o have_v most_o correspondency_n with_o it_o as_o red_a sanguine_a and_o well_o colour_a complexion_n which_o on_o the_o ball_n of_o their_o cheek_n top_n of_o their_o nose_n etc._n etc._n have_v a_o strong_a luster_n and_o sharp_a shine_a then_o those_o of_o pale_a and_o wan_a complexion_n for_o there_o the_o light_n find_v no_o correspondency_n be_v dilate_v with_o a_o more_o remiss_a brightness_n black_a yield_v no_o sharp_a quickness_n except_o in_o respect_n to_o the_o perfection_n of_o matter_n as_o in_o black_a silk_n in_o comparison_n of_o woollen_a cloth_n in_o yellow_a the_o light_n cause_v a_o clear_a brightness_n have_v affinity_n with_o it_o especial_o in_o those_o which_o be_v free_a from_o paleness_n the_o light_n in_o green_n have_v a_o mediocrity_n and_o rather_o comfort_v than_o quicken_v the_o visual_a faculty_n in_o white_a it_o be_v too_o much_o continue_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o clearness_n which_o have_v correspondency_n unto_o black_a whence_o it_o receive_v its_o shadow_n we_o will_v now_o show_v how_o light_n engender_v its_o effect_n in_o body_n according_a to_o the_o eminency_n or_o depression_n restrain_v or_o dilate_v of_o their_o superficies_n from_o whence_o arise_v the_o harshness_n or_o sweetness_n in_o infancy_n the_o light_n on_o the_o superficies_n be_v dilate_v and_o not_o sharp_a by_o reason_n there_o be_v no_o other_o impression_n wrought_v in_o the_o beholder_n than_o a_o certain_a dilate_v of_o a_o fat_a and_o simple_a matter_n without_o sharpness_n and_o very_o little_a shadow_n in_o
childhood_n the_o light_n begin_v to_o appear_v more_o sharp_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o contract_n of_o the_o superficies_n but_o with_o a_o kind_n of_o variableness_n answerable_a to_o the_o gesture_n which_o proceed_v from_o the_o spirit_n beginning_n to_o distinguish_v between_o good_a and_o evil_a in_o youth_n the_o superficies_n be_v protract_v and_o restrain_v make_v the_o body_n seemly_a yet_o soft_a and_o tender_a neither_o fat_a nor_o lean_a in_o this_o age_n second_o light_n breed_v wonderful_a sweetness_n delightful_a to_o the_o eye_n be_v diprive_v of_o spread_v of_o the_o light_n and_o with_o great_a decency_n give_v sweet_a and_o firm_a shadow_n in_o manhood_n the_o light_n run_v with_o great_a force_n have_v the_o great_a perfection_n as_o ever_o they_o will_v have_v not_o too_o unpleasant_a nor_o too_o sweet_a but_o much_o delightful_a accompany_v with_o a_o firm_a stoutness_n and_o in_o some_o part_v something_o more_o fierce_a in_o constant_a age_n the_o body_n be_v more_o compact_a and_o settle_v the_o light_n more_o sharp_a and_o full_a of_o force_n in_o old_a age_n the_o light_n appear_v heavy_a and_o full_a of_o majesty_n and_o gravity_n and_o so_o contrary_a wise_a the_o shadow_n by_o reason_n the_o superficies_n be_v deprive_v of_o that_o quality_n of_o increase_v and_o vigour_n yet_o not_o crude_a and_o hallow_v without_o order_n but_o in_o a_o middle_a temper_n in_o dotage_n the_o superficies_n be_v sharp_o elevate_v and_o make_v acute_a angle_n and_o decline_a line_n cause_n the_o light_n run_v upon_o they_o to_o appear_v sharp_a be_v encounter_v with_o very_o deep_a shadow_n the_o eye_n whole_o shadow_v with_o the_o eyebrow_n the_o mouth_n with_o the_o nose_n the_o cheek_n with_o their_o ball_n the_o forehead_n with_o pulse_n and_o so_o through_o all_o other_o part_n as_o the_o concavity_n of_o the_o bone_n without_o flesh_n by_o the_o most_o apparent_a part_n of_o the_o bone_n in_o infancy_n we_o must_v therefore_o express_v simplicity_n in_o childhood_n a_o sharp_a simplicity_n in_o youth_n amiableness_n in_o manhood_n a_o grave_a beauty_n in_o constant_a age_n lustiness_n and_o courage_n gravity_n majesty_n and_o consideration_n in_o old_a age._n we_o must_v likewise_o observe_v that_o in_o the_o design_n there_o be_v one_o principal_a light_n which_o must_v shall_fw-mi most_o strong_o on_o that_o part_n near_o to_o the_o light_n and_o as_o the_o superficies_n be_v shorten_v according_a to_o the_o distance_n from_o the_o light_n so_o the_o body_n lose_v as_o much_o of_o its_o colour_n as_o it_o lack_v of_o the_o light_n and_o so_o the_o colour_n fail_v by_o degree_n until_o the_o superficies_n decay_v together_o with_o the_o light_n cap._n xxii_o farther_o precept_n about_o light_n it_o be_v a_o general_n rule_n that_o the_o light_n must_v be_v give_v to_o body_n according_a to_o the_o place_n through_o which_o they_o pass_v and_o this_o must_v be_v order_v so_o that_o the_o light_n do_v ever_o touch_v more_o sudden_o on_o the_o middle_a line_n suppose_v that_o part_n of_o the_o body_n which_o may_v be_v see_v at_o one_o view_n to_o be_v divide_v by_o five_o line_n into_o four_o space_n equal_a in_o power_n the_o painter_n must_v suppose_v one_o of_o these_o four_o space_n to_o be_v lose_v and_o the_o three_o other_o to_o appear_v imagine_v that_o these_o three_o space_n which_o be_v see_v be_v divide_v in_o four_o line_n equal_a in_o a_o perspective_n semicircle_n make_v the_o chief_a light_n to_o strike_v more_o strong_o on_o the_o second_o line_n and_o in_o the_o second_o space_n heighten_v which_o be_v consequent_o to_o be_v place_v in_o the_o three_o line_n he_o shall_v put_v as_o much_o shadow_n as_o he_o see_v and_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o figure_n shall_v be_v wonderful_o raise_v and_o more_o than_o if_o the_o ligbt_n be_v place_v side-long_a in_o the_o first_o line_n or_o in_o the_o middle_n on_o the_o space_n between_o the_o second_o and_o the_o three_o because_o that_o make_v too_o much_o shadow_n and_o this_o too_o much_o light_n but_o in_o ceiling_n the_o light_n be_v take_v from_o the_o window_n so_o that_o it_o can_v be_v avoid_v but_o that_o the_o light_n will_v sometime_o be_v receive_v in_o the_o first_o line_n according_a to_o the_o aspect_n of_o lively_a body_n either_o side-long_a from_o above_o or_o from_o below_o as_o the_o body_n be_v tutn_v to_o the_o light_n in_o the_o plain_a superficies_n this_o rule_n must_v be_v always_o observe_v that_o the_o light_n give_v to_o body_n must_v never_o be_v perpendicular_a over_o their_o head_n for_o it_o will_v breed_v this_o inconvenience_n that_o the_o upper_a part_n will_v always_o shadow_v the_o low_a as_o the_o eyebrow_n half_a the_o cheek_n the_o hair_n all_o the_o face_n etc._n etc._n except_o where_o the_o principal_a of_o the_o picture_n be_v in_o a_o scene_n of_o glory_n above_o than_o the_o figure_n on_o the_o earth_n may_v have_v a_o light_n perpendicular_a from_o the_o glory_n above_o as_o in_o a_o picture_n of_o rubens_n of_o st._n roche_n where_o the_o sudplicant_n below_o receive_v such_o light_n that_o part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v count_v next_o the_o light_n which_o from_o the_o first_o point_v extend_v itself_o far_a out_o on_o that_o side_n then_o the_o rest_n especial_o if_o it_o be_v from_o on_o high_a therefore_o that_o light_n be_v the_o quick_a cause_v the_o superficies_n to_o receive_v the_o light_n more_o strong_o viz._n that_o superficies_n which_o be_v next_o to_o we_o and_o that_o which_o look_v upward_o both_o which_o receive_v it_o so_o much_o the_o more_o strong_o by_o how_o much_o the_o high_o they_o be_v because_o they_o be_v near_o the_o appoint_v light_n and_o this_o be_v the_o original_a &_o ground_n of_o all_o other_o light_n which_o be_v orderly_o dispose_v through_o all_o body_n give_v they_o their_o heighten_v aceord_o to_o the_o direction_n of_o that_o only_a light_n situation_n and_o climate_n must_v also_o be_v observe_v they_o who_o inhabit_v the_o temperate_a zone_n the_o light_n cast_v their_o shadow_n towards_o the_o north_n who_o inhabit_v the_o hot_a zone_n have_v a_o right_a sphere_n and_o the_o aequinoctial_a for_o their_o zenith_n their_o shadow_n be_v under_o their_o foot_n at_o noon_n because_o they_o have_v the_o sun_n perpendicular_a to_o their_o body_n but_o they_o who_o dwell_v under_o the_o pole_n have_v their_o shadow_n carry_v round_o about_o they_o like_o a_o wheel_n nevertheless_o we_o must_v general_o consider_v the_o best_a effect_n of_o nature_n imitate_v they_o by_o propose_v unto_o we_o their_o example_n and_o so_o must_v we_o do_v on_o the_o surface_n of_o highway_n take_v the_o light_n from_o the_o east_n in_o imitation_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o in_o that_o part_n where_o it_o begin_v to_o rise_v cast_v the_o shadow_n of_o body_n towards_o the_o west_n and_o to_o other_o part_n according_a to_o his_o aspect_n we_o will_v now_o lay_v down_o a_o few_o precept_n necessary_a to_o be_v observe_v and_o so_o conclude_v this_o discourse_n of_o chiaro_n scuro_n in_o light_n we_o must_v consider_v the_o sun_n in_o his_o luster_n as_o rise_v meridional_a set_v and_o according_a to_o the_o vapour_n he_o meet_v in_o the_o air._n clear_a air_n likewise_o through_o which_o the_o light_n be_v spread_v and_o be_v something_o bluish_a and_o cloudy_a air_n which_o be_v dark_a but_o leave_v more_o easiness_n for_o object_n to_o be_v discern_v in_o their_o true_a colour_n the_o eye_n not_o be_v dazzle_v with_o too_o great_a a_o brightness_n we_o must_v consider_v light_n as_o principal_a fall_a perpendicular_a without_o interruption_n on_o any_o surface_n or_o extremity_n glance_v by_o slide_v diagonal_o on_o elevate_v body_n and_o secondary_a for_o thing_n at_o distance_n according_a to_o the_o thickness_n of_o vapour_n which_o intervene_v and_o offer_v many_o incidental_a opportunity_n for_o give_v the_o more_o beauty_n to_o the_o strong_a light_n as_o likewise_o loosen_v the_o light_v part_n by_o the_o opposition_n of_o the_o deep_a teint_n if_o the_o design_n be_v in_o the_o open_a air_n the_o light_n be_v extend_v and_o diffuse_v on_o the_o object_n with_o the_o great_a tenderness_n if_o in_o enclose_v place_n it_o be_v more_o consign_v the_o lightning_n more_o strong_a and_o quick_a the_o chief_a light_n must_v be_v on_o the_o principal_a figure_n of_o the_o group_n and_o must_v be_v extend_v without_o the_o interruption_n of_o little_a shadow_n that_o the_o relievo_n may_v stand_v more_o bold_o out_o all_o shadow_n must_v have_v a_o sympathy_n with_o the_o light_n in_o their_o colour_n as_o likewise_o the_o reflection_n with_o the_o body_n reflect_v arteficial_a light_n if_o very_o bright_a give_v a_o quick_a heighten_v and_o dark_a and_o deep_o shorten_a shadow_n last_o it_o must_v be_v careful_o observe_v that_o betwixt_o all_o light_n and_o shadow_n there_o must_v be_v such_o
break_v and_o distance_n conformable_a to_o their_o perspective_n after_o a_o just_a and_o exact_a situation_n according_a to_o the_o diminution_n of_o distance_n whither_o place_v high_a or_o low_o in_o all_o histores_fw-la we_o must_v have_v regard_n to_o the_o climate_n and_o the_o time_n in_o their_o habit_n take_v care_n we_o dress_v not_o antique_a figure_n in_o modern_a habit_n nor_o one_o country_n in_o the_o dress_n of_o another_o we_o must_v adjust_a the_o drapery_n so_o on_o figure_n that_o they_o may_v appear_v real_a vestment_n and_o therefore_o we_o must_v clothe_v the_o layman_n before_o we_o put_v it_o in_o the_o action_n we_o design_v the_o fold_n must_v be_v dispose_v in_o such_o manner_n that_o they_o may_v make_v the_o great_a part_n in_o which_o the_o nudity_n may_v appear_v free_a the_o little_a fold_n be_v place_v about_o the_o joint_n and_o take_v great_a care_n that_o upon_o the_o relief_n and_o surface_n of_o member_n we_o do_v not_o strain_v or_o hurt_v they_o but_o that_o the_o motion_n may_v seem_v disengage_v we_o must_v also_o raise_v up_o the_o stuff_n let_v it_o fall_v light_o that_o the_o air_n sustain_v the_o fold_n may_v make_v they_o fall_v more_o neat_a and_o soft_a we_o must_v take_v care_n to_o distinguish_v drapery_n taffatys_n and_o thin_a silk_n must_v be_v full_a of_o break_v and_o flickering_n satin_n more_o quick_a light_n the_o fold_n lie_v more_o soft_a and_o round_o but_o velvet_n the_o quick_a the_o deep_n very_o dark_a with_o reflection_n on_o the_o outward_a part_n of_o the_o fold_n large_a figure_n must_v be_v dress_v with_o fold_n large_a and_o free_a more_o to_o be_v regard_v for_o their_o grace_n and_o facility_n then_o for_o their_o affect_a pain_n and_o industry_n hair_n must_v be_v touch_v in_o large_a history_n with_o a_o full_a and_o free_a pencel_n not_o nice_o work_v up_o to_o follow_v the_o nature_n for_o that_o will_v be_v all_o lose_v by_o the_o distance_n and_o appear_v flat_a we_o may_v neglect_v the_o nicety_n of_o the_o story_n for_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o picture_n as_o put_v any_o former_a hero_n in_o better_a grace_n and_o posture_n if_o in_o a_o great_a action_n then_o perhaps_o history_n have_v transmit_v to_o we_o in_o dead_a body_n we_o must_v avoid_v all_o that_o appear_v noisome_a and_o unpleasant_a to_o the_o eye_n ever_o observe_v to_o take_v the_o best_a of_o nature_n so_o in_o the_o miracle_n of_o cure_v disease_n we_o may_v take_v the_o what_o be_v acute_a in_o pain_n omit_v what_o be_v loathsome_a to_o the_o eye_n we_o must_v shun_v all_o sharpness_n in_o the_o contortion_n as_o likewise_o all_o flatness_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o piece_n in_o light_n by_o night_n the_o artificial_a must_v govern_v the_o natural_a but_o by_o day_n the_o natural_a govern_v the_o artificial_a if_o the_o action_n be_v in_o uninhabited_a place_n you_o have_v liberty_n to_o represent_v the_o extravagant_a effect_n of_o nature_n but_o in_o a_o well_o dispose_v irregularity_n if_o in_o inhabit_a place_n you_o have_v liberty_n for_o ruin_n etc._n etc._n at_o a_o distance_n but_o not_o near_o hand_n if_o the_o building_n be_v rustic_a you_o may_v dispose_v they_o to_o the_o best_a advantage_n of_o the_o figure_n and_o according_a to_o the_o idea_n of_o the_o subject_a if_o regular_n we_o must_v have_v respect_n to_o the_o several_a order_n of_o architecture_n but_o regular_n or_o irregular_a we_o must_v observe_v their_o geometrical_a and_o perpendicular_a according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o geometry_n and_o perspective_n in_o all_o mountain_n rock_n building_n tree_n etc._n etc._n we_o must_v proportion_n their_o bigness_n to_o the_o plane_n where_o they_o be_v place_v and_o hold_v it_o for_o a_o maxim_n to_o make_v the_o ground-plot_n great_a enough_o for_o the_o freedom_n of_o the_o figure_n and_o the_o meeting_n of_o all_o the_o fine_a effect_n we_o must_v take_v care_n to_o adjust_a the_o land_n skip_v to_o the_o figure_n not_o only_o to_o its_o manner_n but_o also_o to_o the_o colour_v part_n that_o it_o may_v lie_v quiet_a and_o put_v the_o figure_n forward_o final_o we_o must_v observe_v that_o the_o whole_a work_n be_v of_o one_o piece_v all_o free_a and_o nothing_o force_v or_o restrain_v a_o judicious_a observation_n in_o the_o perspective_n action_n suit_v the_o character_n whither_o noble_a or_o rustic_a the_o sex_n whither_o masculine_a and_o strong_a or_o tender_v soft_a and_o easy_a the_o age_n whither_o grave_a vigorous_a or_o childish_a that_o there_o be_v a_o principal_a eye_n in_o the_o picture_n to_o which_o all_o the_o rest_n have_v reference_n that_o there_o be_v a_o harmony_n of_o colour_v throughout_o the_o work_n that_o in_o the_o drapery_n the_o lesser_a fold_n descend_v natural_o without_o cross_n and_o confusion_n from_o the_o great_a that_o the_o figure_n bear_v exact_a proportion_n and_o the_o before_o shortning_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o severe_a test_n of_o the_o judgement_n but_o whereas_o in_o history_n the_o figure_n have_v dependency_n on_o each_o other_o a_o figure_n by_o the_o life_n one_o figure_n usual_o make_v the_o picture_n be_v only_o agreeable_a to_o itself_o we_o must_v consider_v by_o divers_a trial_n what_o position_n of_o body_n action_n and_o light_n best_o become_v the_o person_n and_o when_o any_o thing_n seem_v force_v or_o affect_v we_o must_v endeavour_v to_o divert_v they_o by_o discourse_n etc._n etc._n for_o a_o round_a and_o full_a visage_n take_v a_o three_o quarter-face_n for_o a_o thin_a and_o long_a more_o foreright_o for_o a_o soft_a languish_v look_v the_o face_n something_o incline_v for_o a_o sprightly_n more_o upright_o look_v over_o the_o shoulder_n etc._n etc._n let_v child_n be_v play_v with_o lamb_n bird_n little_a dog_n catch_v water_n from_o fountain_n and_o with_o the_o like_a childish_a action_n lad_n and_o young_a virgin_n shoot_v hunt_a in_o shepherd_n and_o sheepherdess_n dress_n etc._n etc._n and_o so_o suitable_a in_o all_o age_n and_o dress_v to_o their_o quility_n but_o for_o all_o habit_n dress_v up_o a_o layman_n and_o paint_n from_o the_o nature_n nor_o must_v you_o only_a suit_n the_o age_n and_o quality_n but_o also_o the_o complexion_n a_o brisk_a sanguine_a bear_v the_o strong_a a_o sallow_a weak_a colour_v drapery_n and_o where_o you_o paint_v much_o drapery_n carry_v backward_o and_o in_o the_o shadow_n what_o you_o can_v that_o you_o may_v not_o hurt_v the_o eye_n of_o the_o picture_n put_v scar_n and_o defect_n as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v in_o the_o shadow_n not_o only_o take_v the_o best_a but_o help_v nature_n where_o it_o may_v be_v do_v without_o hurt_v the_o intent_n of_o the_o picture_n if_o you_o have_v several_a figure_n put_v they_o in_o manner_n of_o a_o group_n with_o half_n three_o quarter_n and_o foreright_a face_n not_o all_o look_v on_o you_o as_o if_o they_o be_v supprise_v landscape_n must_v bare_v a_o harmony_n in_o colour_v with_o the_o figure_n put_v they_o forward_o shun_v the_o affect_a finish_v of_o tree_n flower_n etc._n etc._n which_o show_v more_o of_o labour_n then_o art_n be_v as_o quick_a as_o may_v be_v without_o injury_n to_o the_o work_n in_o a_o face_n catch_v the_o brisk_v air_n before_o it_o sink_v by_o the_o person_n grow_v uneasy_a and_o last_o give_v all_o that_o be_v by_o liberty_n of_o their_o opinion_n in_o the_o likeness_n for_o thence_o sometime_o you_o may_v correct_v your_o work_n thus_o have_v i_o give_v the_o most_o necessary_a direction_n and_o instruction_n throughout_o the_o whole_a mystery_n of_o paint_v these_o with_o a_o diligent_a study_n in_o the_o theory_n and_o a_o careful_a management_n in_o the_o practice_n will_v effect_v a_o entertainment_n suitable_a to_o the_o most_o noble_a genius_n finis_fw-la by_o reason_n some_o through_o the_o prejudice_n of_o education_n and_o yet_o of_o good_a ingenious_a part_n may_v find_v some_o difficulty_n in_o term_n of_o art_n and_o other_o word_n in_o this_o book_n i_o think_v fit_a for_o their_o benefit_n to_o subjoin_v the_o explanation_n of_o they_o attitude_n action_n or_o posture_n enigmatical_a full_a of_o riddle_n accumulate_v to_o heap_v up_o allective_a allure_a altercation_n wrangle_a amfractuous_a broken_n anatomatize_v to_o cut_v up_o analogical_a proportionable_a anoptica_fw-la look_v up_o apex_n the_o top_n of_o any_o thing_n bacchanalization_n the_o drunken_a feast_n of_o bacchus_n beatitude_n blessing_n catoptica_fw-la look_v downward_o chiaro_n scuro_n place_v of_o light_n concretion_n join_v together_o convex_v round_o cosmographical_a write_v of_o the_o world_n contour_n out-line_n contra_v strengthen_v together_o dulcisonant_a sweet_a sound_v diaphanous_a transparent_a diaphonus_fw-la jar_a dilatory_a tedious_a diapente_fw-la a_o five_o in_o music_n diapason_n a_o eight_o in_o music_n diatesseron_n a_o four_o dilation_n a_o enlarge_n diagonally_n from_o corner_n to_o corner_n expansion_n a_o lay_v open_a exornation_n a_o adorn_v exitial_a destructive_a entity_n be_v eleimosinary_a charitable_n efflux_n a_o flow_v out_o ebullition_n a_o boil_a up_o epileptici_fw-la give_v to_o the_o fall_v sickness_n empaste_n to_o lay_v well_o in_o elevation_n a_o lift_v up_o group_n a_o knot_n of_o figure_n together_o homiomaere_fw-la a_o likeness_n in_o part_n hydrographical_a write_v of_o the_o ocean_n etc._n etc._n hypothesis_n the_o argument_n of_o a_o discourse_n hatch_n strike_v stroke_n as_o in_o grave_v idea_n the_o form_n of_o any_o thing_n ineffable_a unspeakable_a intersection_n cut_v off_o ichnography_n ground_n plot._n monopolist_n one_o that_o engross_v all_o of_o a_o sort_n or_o kind_a monochroma_o one_o colour_n matempsychosis_n pass_v of_o soul_n from_o one_o body_n to_o another_o occult_a hidden_n oeconomist_n governor_n osteology_n discourse_v of_o the_o bone_n optica_fw-la sight_n foreright_o proditorious_a betray_v prototypon_n the_o first_o pattern_n paripatetick_n follower_n of_o aristotle_n physiological_a discourse_v of_o natural_a cause_n protract_a prolong_v protuberant_a swell_v up_o physical_a natural_a profile_v represeutation_n of_o height_n depth_n etc._n etc._n ratiocination_n reason_v relievo_fw-la a_o emboss_a figure_n refracted_a break_a open_a speculative_a contemplative_a superficies_n the_o surface_n of_o any_o thing_n symmetrical_a proportionable_a sesquialter_fw-la so_o much_o and_o half_a as_o much_o more_o suprabipartient_fw-fr more_o then_o divide_v in_o two_o sesquioctava_fw-la a_o eight_o part_n above_o the_o whole_a sciographica_n platform_n or_o draught_n scheme_n a_o form_n tone_n a_o tune_n or_o harmony_n teint_n tinckture_n touch_v of_o colour_n vertigious_a giddy_a zenith_n the_o point_n direct_o over_o our_o head_n