reduce_v it_o to_o insensible_a part_n can_v never_o take_v away_o either_o solidity_n extension_n figure_n or_o mobility_n from_o any_o body_n but_o only_o make_v two_o distinct_a body_n or_o more_o of_o one_o which_o altogether_o after_o division_n have_v their_o certain_a number_n §_o 11._o the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v how_o body_n operate_v one_o upon_o another_o and_o that_o be_v manifest_o by_o impulse_n and_o nothing_o else_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o conceive_v that_o body_n shall_v operate_v on_o what_o it_o do_v not_o touch_v which_o be_v all_o one_o as_o to_o imagine_v it_o can_v operate_v where_o it_o be_v not_o or_o when_o it_o do_v touch_v operate_v any_o other_o way_n than_o by_o motion_n §_o 12._o if_o then_o body_n can_v operate_v at_o a_o distance_n if_o external_a object_n be_v not_o unite_v to_o our_o mind_n when_o they_o produce_v idea_n in_o it_o and_o yet_o we_o perceive_v these_o original_a quality_n in_o such_o of_o they_o as_o single_o fall_v under_o our_o sense_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o some_o motion_n must_v be_v thence_o continue_v by_o our_o nerve_n or_o animal_n spirit_n by_o some_o part_n of_o our_o body_n to_o the_o brain_n the_o seat_n of_o sensation_n there_o to_o produce_v in_o our_o mind_n the_o particular_a idea_n we_o have_v of_o they_o and_o since_o the_o extension_n figure_n number_n and_o motion_n of_o body_n of_o a_o observable_a bigness_n may_v be_v perceive_v at_o a_o distance_n by_o the_o sight_n it_o be_v evident_a some_o single_o imperceptible_a body_n must_v come_v from_o they_o to_o the_o eye_n and_o thereby_o convey_v to_o the_o brain_n some_o motion_n which_o produce_v these_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o they_o in_o we_o §_o 13._o after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o the_o idea_n of_o these_o original_a quality_n be_v produce_v in_o we_o we_o may_v conceive_v that_o the_o idea_n of_o secundary_a quality_n be_v also_o produce_v viz._n by_o the_o operation_n of_o insensible_a particle_n on_o our_o sense_n for_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o there_o be_v body_n and_o good_a store_n of_o body_n each_o whereof_o be_v so_o small_a that_o we_o can_v by_o any_o of_o our_o sense_n discover_v either_o their_o bulk_n figure_n or_o motion_n as_o be_v evident_a in_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o air_n and_o water_n and_o other_o extreme_o small_a than_o those_o perhaps_o as_o much_o less_o than_o the_o particle_n of_o air_n or_o water_n as_o the_o particle_n of_o air_n or_o water_n be_v small_a than_o pease_n or_o hailstone_n let_v we_o suppose_v at_o present_a that_o the_o different_a motion_n and_o figure_n bulk_n and_o number_n of_o such_o particle_n affect_v the_o several_a organ_n of_o our_o sense_n produce_v in_o we_o those_o different_a sensation_n which_o we_o have_v from_o the_o colour_n and_o smell_v of_o body_n v_o g._n a_o violet_n by_o which_o impulse_n of_o those_o insensible_a particle_n of_o matter_n of_o different_a figure_n and_o bulk_n and_o in_o a_o different_a degree_n and_o modification_n we_o may_v have_v the_o idea_n of_o the_o blue_a colour_n and_o sweet_a scent_n of_o a_o violet_n produce_v in_o our_o mind_n it_o be_v no_o more_o conceive_v impossible_a to_o conceive_v that_o god_n shall_v annex_v such_o idea_n to_o such_o motion_n with_o which_o they_o have_v no_o similitude_n than_o that_o he_o shall_v annex_v the_o idea_n of_o pain_n to_o the_o motion_n of_o a_o piece_n of_o steel_n divide_v our_o flesh_n with_o which_o that_o idea_n have_v no_o resemblance_n §_o 14._o what_o i_o have_v say_v concern_v colour_n and_o smell_v may_v be_v understand_v also_o of_o taste_n and_o sound_v and_o other_o the_o like_o sensible_a quality_n which_o whatever_o reality_n we_o by_o mistake_n attribute_n to_o they_o be_v in_o truth_n nothing_o in_o the_o object_n themselves_o but_o power_n to_o produce_v various_a sensation_n in_o we_o and_o depend_v on_o those_o primary_n quality_n viz._n bulk_n figure_n texture_n and_o motion_n of_o part_n and_o therefore_o i_o call_v they_o secundary_a quality_n §_o 15._o from_o whence_o i_o think_v it_o be_v easy_a to_o draw_v this_o observation_n that_o the_o idea_n of_o primary_n quality_n of_o body_n be_v resemblance_n of_o they_o and_o their_o pattern_n do_v real_o exist_v in_o the_o body_n themselves_o but_o the_o idea_n produce_v in_o we_o by_o these_o secundary_a quality_n have_v no_o resemblance_n of_o they_o at_o all_o there_o be_v nothing_o like_o our_o idea_n exist_v in_o the_o body_n themselves_o they_o be_v in_o the_o body_n we_o denominate_v from_o they_o only_o a_o power_n to_o produce_v those_o sensation_n in_o we_o and_o what_o be_v sweet_a blue_n or_o warm_a in_o idea_n be_v but_o the_o certain_a bulk_n figure_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o insensible_a part_n in_o the_o body_n themselves_o we_o call_v so_o §_o 16._o flame_n be_v denominate_v hot_a and_o lighâ—â—_n snow_n white_a and_o cold_a and_o manna_n white_a and_o sweet_a from_o the_o idea_n thâ—â—_n produce_v in_o we_o which_o quality_n be_v common_o think_v to_o be_v the_o same_o in_o those_o body_n that_o those_o idea_n be_v in_o we_o the_o one_o the_o perfect_a resemblance_n of_o the_o other_o as_o they_o be_v in_o a_o mirror_n and_o it_o will_v by_o most_o man_n be_v judge_v very_o extravagant_a if_o one_o shall_v say_v otherwise_o and_o yet_o he_o that_o will_v consider_v that_o the_o same_o fire_n that_o at_o one_o distance_n produce_v in_o we_o the_o sensation_n of_o warmth_n do_v at_o a_o near_a approach_n produce_v in_o we_o the_o far_o different_a sensation_n of_o pain_n aught_o to_o bethink_v himself_o what_o reason_n he_o have_v to_o say_v that_o his_o idea_n of_o warmth_n which_o be_v produce_v in_o he_o by_o the_o fire_n be_v actual_o in_o the_o fire_n and_o his_o idea_n of_o pain_n which_o the_o same_o fire_n produce_v in_o he_o the_o same_o way_n be_v not_o in_o the_o fire_n why_o be_v whiteness_n and_o coldness_n in_o snow_n and_o pain_n not_o when_o it_o produce_v the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o idea_n in_o we_o and_o can_v do_v neither_o but_o by_o the_o bulk_n figure_n number_n and_o motion_n of_o its_o solid_a part_n §_o 17._o the_o particular_a bulk_n number_n figure_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o fire_n or_o snow_n be_v real_o in_o they_o whether_o any_o one_o sense_n perceive_v they_o or_o no_o and_o therefore_o they_o may_v be_v call_v real_a quality_n they_o real_o exist_v in_o those_o body_n but_o light_n heatt_z whiteness_n or_o coldness_n be_v no_o more_o real_o in_o they_o than_o sickness_n or_o pain_n be_v in_o manna_n take_v away_o the_o sensation_n of_o they_o let_v not_o the_o eye_n see_v light_a or_o colour_n nor_o the_o ear_n hear_v sound_n let_v the_o palate_n not_o taste_n nor_o the_o nose_n smell_v and_o all_o colour_n taste_n odour_n and_o sound_v as_o they_o be_v such_o particular_a idea_n vanish_v and_o cease_v and_o be_v reduce_v to_o their_o cause_n i._n e._n bulk_n figure_n and_o motion_n of_o part_n §_o 18._o a_o piece_n of_o manna_n of_o a_o sensible_a bulk_n be_v able_a to_o produce_v in_o we_o the_o idea_n of_o a_o round_a or_o square_a figure_n and_o by_o be_v remove_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o the_o idea_n of_o motion_n this_o idea_n of_o motion_n represent_v it_o as_o it_o real_o be_v in_o the_o manna_n move_v a_o circle_n or_o square_n be_v the_o same_o whether_o in_o idea_n or_o existence_n in_o the_o mind_n or_o in_o the_o manna_n and_o this_o both_o motion_n and_o figure_n be_v real_o in_o the_o manna_n whether_o we_o take_v notice_n of_o they_o or_o no_o this_o every_o body_n be_v ready_a to_o agree_v to_o beside_o manna_n by_o the_o bulk_n figure_n texture_n and_o motion_n of_o its_o part_n have_v a_o power_n to_o produce_v the_o sensation_n of_o sickness_n and_o sometime_o of_o acute_a pain_n or_o gripe_n in_o we_o that_o these_o idea_n of_o sickness_n and_o pain_n be_v not_o in_o the_o manna_n but_o effect_n of_o its_o operation_n on_o we_o and_o be_v no_o where_o when_o we_o feel_v they_o not_o this_o also_o every_o one_o ready_o agree_v to_o and_o yet_o man_n be_v hardly_o to_o be_v bring_v to_o think_v that_o sweetness_n and_o whiteness_n be_v not_o real_o in_o manna_n which_o be_v but_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o operation_n of_o manna_n by_o the_o motion_n size_n and_o figure_n of_o its_o particle_n on_o the_o eye_n and_o palate_n as_o the_o pain_n and_o sickness_n cause_v by_o manna_n be_v confess_o nothing_o but_o the_o effect_n of_o its_o operation_n on_o the_o stomach_n and_o gut_n by_o the_o size_n motion_n and_o figure_n of_o its_o insensible_a part_n for_o by_o nothing_o else_o can_v a_o body_n operate_v as_o have_v be_v prove_v as_o if_o it_o can_v not_o operate_v on_o the_o eye_n and_o palate_n and_o
the_o idea_n of_o a_o power_n to_o prefer_v the_o do_n to_o the_o not_o do_v any_o particular_a action_n &_o vice_fw-la versa_fw-la which_o it_o have_v think_v on_o which_o preference_n be_v true_o a_o mode_n of_o think_v and_o so_o the_o idea_n which_o the_o word_n will_n stand_v for_o be_v a_o complex_fw-la and_o mix_v one_o make_v up_o of_o the_o simple_a idea_n of_o power_n and_o a_o certain_a mode_n of_o think_v and_o the_o idea_n of_o liberty_n be_v yet_o more_o complex_fw-la be_v make_v up_o of_o the_o idea_n of_o a_o power_n to_o act_v or_o not_o to_o act_v in_o conformity_n to_o volition_n but_o i_o hope_v this_o transgression_n against_o the_o method_n i_o have_v propose_v to_o myself_o will_v be_v forgive_v i_o if_o i_o have_v quit_v it_o a_o little_a to_o explain_v some_o idea_n of_o great_a importance_n such_o as_o be_v those_o of_o the_o will_n liberty_n and_o necessity_n in_o this_o place_n where_o they_o as_o it_o be_v offer_v themselves_o and_o spring_v up_o from_o their_o proper_a root_n beside_o have_v before_o large_o enough_o instance_a in_o several_a simple_a modes_n to_o show_v what_o i_o mean_v by_o they_o and_o how_o the_o mind_n get_v they_o for_o i_o intend_v not_o to_o enumerate_v all_o the_o particular_a idea_n of_o each_o sort_n those_o of_o will_n liberty_n and_o necessity_n may_v serve_v as_o instance_n of_o mix_a modes_n which_o be_v that_o sort_n of_o idea_n i_o purpose_v next_o to_o treat_v of_o §_o 47._o and_o thus_o i_o have_v in_o a_o short_a draught_n give_v a_o view_n of_o our_o original_a idea_n from_o whence_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v derive_v and_o of_o which_o they_o be_v make_v up_o which_o if_o i_o will_v consider_v as_o a_o philosopher_n and_o examine_v on_o what_o cause_n they_o depend_v and_o of_o what_o they_o be_v make_v i_o believe_v they_o all_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o these_o very_a few_o primary_n and_o original_a one_o viz._n extension_n solidity_n mobility_n which_o by_o our_o sense_n we_o receive_v from_o body_n think_v and_o the_o power_n of_o move_a which_o by_o reflection_n we_o receive_v from_o our_o mind_n to_o which_o if_o we_o add_v existence_n duration_n number_n which_o belong_v both_o to_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o we_o have_v perhaps_o all_o the_o original_a idea_n on_o which_o the_o rest_n depend_v for_o by_o these_o i_o imagine_v may_v be_v explain_v the_o nature_n of_o colour_n sound_n taste_n smell_v and_o all_o other_o idea_n we_o have_v if_o we_o have_v but_o faculty_n acute_a enough_o to_o perceive_v the_o several_o modify_v extension_n and_o motion_n of_o these_o minute_n body_n which_o produce_v those_o several_a sensation_n in_o we_o but_o my_o present_a purpose_n be_v to_o inquire_v only_o into_o the_o knowledge_n the_o mind_n have_v of_o thing_n by_o those_o idea_n and_o appearance_n god_n have_v fit_v it_o to_o receive_v from_o they_o and_o how_o the_o mind_n come_v by_o that_o knowledge_n rather_o than_o into_o their_o cause_n or_o manner_n of_o production_n i_o shall_v not_o contrary_a to_o the_o design_n of_o this_o essay_n set_v myself_o to_o inquire_v philosophical_o into_o the_o peculiar_a constitution_n of_o body_n and_o the_o configuration_n of_o part_n whereby_o they_o have_v the_o power_n to_o produce_v in_o we_o the_o idea_n of_o their_o sensible_a quality_n i_o shall_v not_o enter_v any_o far_o into_o that_o disquisition_n it_o suffice_v to_o my_o purpose_n to_o observe_v that_o gold_n or_o saffron_n have_v a_o power_n to_o produce_v in_o we_o the_o idea_n of_o yellow_a and_o snow_n or_o milk_n the_o idea_n of_o white_a which_o we_o can_v have_v only_o by_o our_o sight_n without_o examine_v the_o texture_n of_o the_o part_n of_o those_o body_n or_o the_o particular_a figure_n or_o motion_n of_o the_o particle_n which_o rebound_n from_o they_o to_o cause_v in_o we_o that_o particular_a sensation_n though_o when_o we_o go_v beyond_o the_o bare_a idea_n in_o our_o mind_n and_o will_v inquire_v into_o their_o cause_n we_o can_v conceive_v any_o thing_n else_o to_o be_v in_o any_o sensible_a object_n whereby_o it_o produce_v different_a idea_n in_o we_o but_o the_o different_a bulk_n figure_n number_n texture_n and_o motion_n of_o its_o insensible_a part_n chap._n xxii_o of_o mix_a modes_n §_o 1._o have_v treat_v of_o simple_a modes_n in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n and_o give_v several_a instance_n of_o some_o of_o the_o most_o considerable_a of_o they_o to_o show_v what_o they_o be_v and_o how_o we_o come_v by_o they_o we_o be_v now_o in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o consider_v those_o we_o call_v mix_v modes_n such_o be_v the_o complex_n idea_n we_o make_v by_o the_o name_n obligation_n drunkenness_n a_o lie_n etc._n etc._n which_o consist_v of_o several_a combination_n of_o simple_a idea_n of_o different_a kind_n i_o have_v call_v mix_v modes_n to_o distinguish_v they_o from_o the_o more_o simple_a modes_n which_o consist_v only_o of_o simple_a idea_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n these_o mix_a modes_n be_v also_o such_o combination_n of_o simple_a idea_n as_o be_v not_o look_v upon_o to_o be_v the_o characteristical_a mark_n of_o any_o real_a being_n that_n have_v a_o steady_a existence_n but_o scatter_v and_o independent_a idea_n put_v together_o by_o the_o mind_n be_v thereby_o distinguish_v from_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o substance_n §_o 2._o that_o the_o mind_n in_o respect_n of_o its_o simple_a idea_n be_v whole_o passive_a and_o receive_v they_o all_o from_o the_o existence_n and_o operation_n of_o thing_n such_o as_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n offer_v they_o without_o be_v able_a to_o make_v any_o one_o idea_n experience_n show_v we_o but_o if_o we_o attentive_o consider_v these_o idea_n i_o call_v mix_v modes_n we_o be_v now_o speak_v of_o we_o shall_v find_v their_o original_a quite_o different_a the_o mind_n here_o often_o exercise_v a_o active_a power_n in_o the_o make_v these_o several_a combination_n for_o it_o be_v once_o furnish_v with_o simple_a idea_n it_o can_v put_v they_o together_o in_o several_a composition_n and_o so_o make_v variety_n of_o complex_fw-la idea_n without_o examine_v whether_o they_o exist_v so_o together_o in_o nature_n and_o hence_o i_o think_v it_o be_v that_o these_o sort_n of_o idea_n be_v call_v notion_n as_o if_o they_o have_v their_o original_a and_o constant_a existence_n more_o in_o the_o thought_n of_o man_n than_o in_o the_o reality_n of_o thing_n and_o to_o form_v such_o idea_n it_o suffice_v that_o the_o mind_n put_v the_o part_n of_o they_o together_o and_o that_o they_o be_v consistent_a in_o the_o understanding_n without_o consider_v whether_o they_o have_v any_o real_a be_v though_o i_o do_v not_o deny_v but_o several_a of_o they_o may_v be_v take_v from_o observation_n and_o the_o existence_n of_o several_a simple_a idea_n so_o combine_v as_o they_o be_v put_v together_o in_o the_o understanding_n for_o the_o man_n who_o first_o frame_v the_o idea_n of_o hypocrisy_n may_v have_v either_o take_v it_o at_o first_o from_o the_o observation_n of_o one_o who_o make_v show_v of_o good_a quality_n which_o he_o have_v not_o or_o else_o have_v frame_v that_o idea_n in_o his_o mind_n without_o have_v any_o such_o pattern_n to_o fashion_v it_o by_o for_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o language_n and_o society_n of_o man_n several_a of_o those_o complex_fw-la idea_n which_o be_v consequent_a to_o the_o constitution_n establish_v among_o they_o must_v needs_o have_v be_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n before_o they_o exist_v any_o where_o else_o and_o that_o many_o name_n that_o stand_v for_o such_o complex_fw-la idea_n be_v in_o use_n and_o so_o those_o idea_n frame_v before_o the_o combination_n they_o stand_v for_o ever_o exi_v §_o 3._o indeed_o now_o that_o language_n be_v make_v and_o abound_v with_o word_n stand_v for_o they_o a_o usual_a way_n of_o get_v these_o complex_fw-la idea_n be_v by_o the_o explication_n of_o those_o term_n that_o stand_v for_o they_o for_o consist_v of_o a_o company_n of_o simple_a idea_n combine_v they_o may_v by_o word_n stand_v for_o those_o simple_a idea_n be_v represent_v to_o the_o mind_n of_o one_o who_o understand_v those_o word_n though_o that_o complex_fw-la combination_n of_o simple_a idea_n be_v never_o offer_v to_o his_o mind_n by_o the_o real_a existence_n of_o thing_n thus_o a_o man_n may_v come_v to_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o sacrilege_n or_o murder_n by_o enumerate_v to_o he_o the_o simple_a idea_n these_o word_n stand_v for_o without_o ever_o see_v either_o of_o they_o commit_v §_o 4._o every_o mix_a mode_n consist_v of_o many_o distinct_a simple_a idea_n it_o may_v be_v well_o inquire_v whence_o it_o have_v its_o unity_n and_o how_o such_o a_o precise_a multitude_n come_v to_o make_v but_o one_o idea_n since_o that_o combination_n do_v not_o
be_v reckon_v its_o active_a power_n and_o passive_a capacity_n which_o though_o not_o strict_o simple_a idea_n yet_o in_o this_o respect_n for_o brevity_n sake_n may_v convenient_o enough_o be_v reckon_v among_o they_o thus_o the_o power_n of_o draw_v iron_n be_v one_o of_o the_o idea_n of_o the_o complex_fw-la one_o of_o that_o substance_n we_o call_v a_o loadstone_n and_o a_o power_n to_o be_v so_o draw_v be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o complex_fw-la one_o we_o call_v iron_n which_o power_n pass_v for_o inherent_a quality_n in_o those_o subject_n because_o every_o substance_n be_v as_o apt_a by_o the_o power_n we_o observe_v in_o it_o to_o change_v some_o sensible_a quality_n in_o other_o subject_n as_o it_o be_v to_o produce_v in_o we_o those_o simple_a idea_n we_o receive_v immediate_o from_o it_o do_v by_o those_o new_a sensible_a quality_n introduce_v into_o other_o subject_n discover_v to_o we_o those_o power_n which_o do_v thereby_o mediate_o affect_v our_o sense_n as_o regular_o as_o its_o sensible_a quality_n do_v it_o immediate_o v._n g._n we_o immediate_o by_o our_o sense_n perceive_v in_o fire_n its_o heat_n and_o colour_n which_o be_v if_o right_o consider_v nothing_o but_o power_n in_o it_o to_o produce_v those_o idea_n in_o we_o we_o also_o by_o our_o sense_n perceive_v the_o colour_n and_o brittleness_n of_o charcoal_n whereby_o we_o come_v by_o the_o knowledge_n of_o another_o power_n in_o fire_n which_o it_o have_v to_o change_v the_o colour_n and_o consistency_n of_o wood_n by_o the_o former_a fire_n immediate_o by_o the_o late_a it_o mediate_o discover_v to_o we_o these_o several_a power_n which_o therefore_o we_o look_v upon_o to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o quality_n of_o fire_n and_o so_o make_v they_o a_o part_n of_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o it_o for_o all_o those_o power_n that_o we_o take_v cognizance_n of_o terminate_n only_o in_o the_o alteration_n of_o some_o sensible_a quality_n in_o those_o subject_n on_o which_o they_o operate_v and_o so_o make_v they_o exhibit_v to_o we_o new_a sensible_a idea_n therefore_o it_o be_v that_o i_o have_v reckon_v these_o power_n among_o the_o simple_a idea_n which_o make_v the_o complex_fw-la one_o of_o the_o sort_n of_o substance_n though_o these_o power_n consider_v in_o themselves_o be_v true_o complex_fw-la idea_n and_o in_o this_o loose_a sense_n i_o crave_v leave_n to_o be_v understand_v when_o i_o name_v any_o of_o these_o potentiality_n among_o the_o simple_a idea_n which_o we_o recollect_v in_o our_o mind_n when_o we_o think_v of_o particular_a substance_n for_o the_o power_n that_o be_v several_o in_o they_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v consider_v if_o we_o will_v have_v true_a distinct_a notion_n of_o substance_n §_o 8._o nor_o be_v we_o to_o wonder_v that_o power_n make_v a_o great_a part_n of_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o substance_n since_o their_o secondary_a quality_n be_v those_o which_o in_o most_o of_o they_o serve_v principal_o to_o distinguish_v substance_n one_o from_o another_o and_o common_o make_v a_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o they_o for_o our_o sense_n fail_v we_o in_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o bulk_n texture_n and_o figure_n of_o the_o minute_n part_n of_o body_n on_o which_o their_o real_a constitution_n and_o difference_n depend_v we_o be_v fain_o to_o make_v use_n of_o their_o secondary_a quality_n as_o the_o characteristical_a note_n and_o mark_n whereby_o to_o frame_v idea_n of_o they_o in_o our_o mind_n and_o distinguish_v they_o one_o from_o another_o all_o which_o secondary_a quality_n as_o have_v be_v show_v be_v nothing_o but_o bare_a power_n for_o the_o colour_n and_o taste_n of_o opium_n be_v as_o well_o as_o its_o foporifick_a or_o anodyn_a virtue_n mere_a power_n depend_v on_o its_o primary_n quality_n whereby_o it_o be_v sit_v to_o produce_v different_a operation_n on_o different_a part_n of_o our_o body_n the_o idea_n that_o make_v our_o complex_fw-la one_o of_o corporeal_a substance_n be_v of_o these_o three_o sort_n first_o the_o idea_n of_o the_o primary_n quality_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v discover_v by_o our_o sense_n and_o be_v in_o they_o even_o when_o we_o perceive_v they_o not_o such_o be_v the_o bulk_n figure_n number_n situation_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o body_n which_o be_v real_o in_o they_o whether_o we_o perceive_v they_o or_o no._n second_o the_o sensible_a secondary_a quality_n which_o depend_v on_o these_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o power_n those_o substance_n have_v to_o produce_v several_a idea_n in_o we_o by_o our_o sense_n which_o idea_n be_v not_o in_o the_o thing_n themselves_o otherwise_o than_o as_o any_o thing_n be_v in_o its_o cause_n three_o the_o aptness_n we_o consider_v in_o any_o substance_n to_o give_v or_o receive_v such_o alteration_n of_o primary_n quality_n as_o that_o the_o substance_n so_o alter_v shall_v produce_v in_o we_o different_a idea_n from_o what_o it_o do_v before_o these_o be_v call_v active_a and_o passive_a power_n all_o which_o power_n as_o far_o as_o we_o have_v any_o notice_n or_o notion_n of_o they_o terminate_v only_o in_o sensible_a simple_a idea_n for_o whatever_o alteration_n a_o loadstone_n have_v the_o power_n to_o make_v in_o the_o minute_n particle_n of_o iron_n we_o shall_v have_v no_o notion_n of_o any_o power_n it_o have_v at_o all_o to_o operate_v on_o iron_n do_v not_o its_o sensible_a motion_n discover_v it_o and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o there_o be_v a_o thousand_o change_n that_o body_n we_o daily_o handle_v have_v a_o power_n to_o cause_n in_o one_o another_o which_o we_o never_o suspect_v because_o they_o never_o appear_v in_o sensible_a effect_n §_o 10._o power_n therefore_o just_o make_v a_o great_a part_n of_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o substance_n he_o that_o will_v examine_v his_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o gold_n will_v find_v several_a of_o its_o idea_n that_o make_v it_o up_o to_o be_v only_a power_n as_o the_o power_n of_o be_v melt_v but_o of_o keep_v its_o weight_n in_o the_o fire_n of_o be_v dissolve_v in_o aq._n regia_n be_v idea_n as_o necessary_a to_o make_v up_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o gold_n as_o its_o colour_n and_o weight_n which_o if_o due_o consider_v be_v also_o nothing_o but_o different_a power_n for_o to_o speak_v true_o yellowness_n be_v not_o actual_o in_o gold_n but_o be_v a_o power_n in_o gold_n to_o produce_v that_o idea_n in_o we_o by_o our_o eye_n when_o place_v in_o a_o due_a light_n and_o the_o heat_n which_o we_o can_v leave_v out_o of_o our_o idea_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v no_o more_o real_o in_o the_o sun_n than_o the_o white_a colour_n it_o introduce_v in_o wax_n these_o be_v both_o equal_o power_n in_o the_o sun_n operate_n by_o the_o motion_n and_o figure_n of_o its_o insensible_a part_n so_o on_o a_o man_n as_o to_o make_v he_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o heat_n and_o so_o on_o wax_n as_o to_o make_v it_o capable_a to_o produce_v in_o a_o man_n the_o idea_n of_o white_a §_o 11._o have_v we_o sense_n acute_a enough_o to_o discern_v the_o minute_n particle_n of_o body_n and_o the_o real_a constitution_n on_o which_o their_o sensible_a quality_n depend_v i_o doubt_v not_o but_o they_o will_v produce_v quite_o different_a idea_n in_o we_o and_o that_o which_o be_v now_o the_o yellow_a colour_n of_o gold_n will_v then_o disappear_v and_o instead_o of_o it_o we_o shall_v see_v a_o admirable_a texture_n of_o part_n of_o a_o certain_a size_n and_o figure_n this_o microscope_n plain_o discover_v to_o we_o for_o what_o to_o our_o naked_a eye_n produce_v a_o certain_a colour_n be_v by_o thus_o augment_v the_o acuteness_n of_o our_o sense_n discover_v to_o be_v quite_o a_o different_a thing_n and_o the_o thus_o alter_v as_o it_o be_v the_o proportion_n of_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o minute_n part_n of_o a_o colour_a object_n to_o our_o usual_a sight_n produce_v different_a idea_n from_o what_o it_o do_v before_o thus_o sand_n or_o pound_v glass_n which_o be_v opaque_fw-la and_o white_a to_o the_o naked_a eye_n be_v pellucid_a in_o a_o microscope_n and_o a_o hair_n see_v this_o way_n lose_v its_o former_a colour_n and_o be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n pellucid_a with_o a_o mixture_n of_o some_o bright_a sparkle_a colour_n such_o as_o appear_v from_o the_o refraction_n of_o diamond_n and_o other_o pellucid_a body_n blood_n to_o the_o naked_a eye_n appear_v all_o red_a but_o by_o a_o good_a microscope_n wherein_o its_o lesser_a part_n appear_v show_v only_o some_o few_o globule_n of_o red_a swim_v in_o a_o pellucid_a liquor_n and_o how_o these_o red_a globule_n will_v appear_v if_o glass_n can_v be_v find_v that_o yet_o can_v magnify_v they_o 1000_o or_o 10000_o time_n more_o be_v uncertain_a §_o 12._o the_o infinite_o wise_a contriver_n of_o we_o and_o
may_v account_v for_o the_o cohesion_n of_o several_a part_n of_o matter_n that_o be_v grosser_n than_o the_o particle_n of_o air_n and_o have_v pore_n less_o than_o the_o corpuscle_n of_o air_n yet_o the_o weight_n or_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n will_v not_o explain_v nor_o can_v be_v a_o cause_n of_o the_o coherence_n of_o the_o particle_n of_o air_n themselves_o and_o if_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o aether_n or_o any_o subtle_a matter_n than_o the_o air_n may_v unite_v and_o hold_v fast_o together_o the_o part_n of_o a_o particle_n of_o air_n as_o well_o as_o other_o body_n yet_o it_o can_v make_v bond_n for_o itself_o and_o hold_v together_o the_o part_n that_o make_v up_o every_o the_o least_o corpuscle_n of_o that_o materia_fw-la subtilis_fw-la so_o that_o that_o hypothesis_n how_o ingenious_o soever_o explain_v by_o show_v that_o the_o part_n of_o sensible_a body_n be_v hold_v together_o by_o the_o pressure_n of_o other_o external_a insensible_a body_n reach_v not_o the_o part_n of_o the_o aether_n itself_o and_o by_o how_o much_o the_o more_o evident_a it_o prove_v that_o the_o part_n of_o other_o body_n be_v hold_v together_o by_o the_o external_a pressure_n of_o the_o aether_n and_o can_v have_v no_o other_o conceivable_a cause_n of_o their_o cohesion_n and_o union_n by_o so_o much_o the_o more_o it_o leave_v we_o in_o the_o dark_a concern_v the_o cohesion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o corpuscle_n of_o the_o aether_n itself_o which_o we_o can_v neither_o conceive_v without_o part_n they_o be_v body_n and_o divisible_a nor_o yet_o how_o their_o part_n cohere_v they_o want_v that_o cause_n of_o cohesion_n which_o be_v give_v of_o the_o cohesion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o all_o other_o body_n §_o 24._o but_o in_o truth_n the_o pressure_n of_o any_o ambient_fw-la fluid_fw-la how_o great_a soever_o can_v be_v no_o intelligible_a cause_n of_o the_o cohesion_n of_o the_o solid_a part_n of_o matter_n for_o though_o such_o a_o pressure_n may_v hinder_v the_o avulsion_n of_o two_o polish_a superficies_n one_o from_o another_o in_o a_o line_n perpendicular_a to_o they_o as_o in_o the_o experiment_n of_o two_o polish_a marble_n yet_o it_o can_v never_o in_o the_o least_o hinder_v the_o separation_n by_o a_o motion_n in_o a_o line_n parallel_n to_o these_o superficies_n because_o the_o ambient_fw-la fluid_fw-la have_v a_o full_a liberty_n to_o succeed_v in_o each_o point_n of_o space_n disert_v by_o a_o lateral_a motion_n resist_v such_o a_o motion_n of_o body_n so_o join_v no_o more_o than_o it_o will_v resist_v the_o motion_n of_o that_o body_n be_v it_o on_o all_o side_n environ_v by_o that_o fluid_a and_o touch_v no_o other_o body_n and_o therefore_o if_o there_o be_v no_o other_o cause_n of_o cohesion_n all_o part_n of_o body_n must_v be_v easy_o separable_a by_o such_o a_o lateral_a slide_a motion_n for_o if_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o aether_n be_v the_o adequate_a cause_n of_o cohesion_n wherever_o that_o cause_n operate_v not_o there_o can_v be_v no_o cohesion_n and_o since_o it_o can_v operate_v against_o such_o a_o lateral_a separation_n as_o have_v be_v show_v therefore_o in_o every_o imaginary_a plain_n intersect_v any_o mass_n of_o matter_n there_o can_v be_v no_o more_o cohesion_n than_o of_o two_o polish_a superficies_n which_o will_v always_o notwithstanding_o any_o imaginable_a pressure_n of_o a_o fluid_a easy_o slide_v one_o from_o another_o so_o that_o perhaps_o how_o clear_a a_o idea_n soever_o we_o think_v we_o have_v of_o the_o extension_n of_o body_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o cohesion_n of_o solid_a part_n he_o that_o shall_v well_o consider_v it_o in_o his_o mind_n may_v have_v reason_n to_o conclude_v that_o it_o be_v as_o easy_a for_o he_o to_o have_v a_o clear_a idea_n how_o the_o soul_n think_v as_o how_o body_n be_v extend_v for_o since_o body_n be_v no_o far_o nor_o otherwise_o extend_v than_o by_o the_o union_n and_o cohesion_n of_o its_o solid_a part_n we_o shall_v very_o ill_o comprehend_v the_o extension_n of_o body_n without_o understanding_n wherein_o consist_v the_o union_n and_o cohesion_n of_o its_o part_n which_o seem_v to_o i_o as_o incomprehensible_a as_o the_o manner_n of_o think_v and_o how_o it_o be_v perform_v §_o 25._o i_o allow_v it_o be_v usual_a for_o most_o people_n to_o wonder_n how_o any_o one_o shall_v find_v a_o difficulty_n in_o what_o they_o think_v they_o every_o day_n observe_v do_v we_o not_o see_v will_v they_o be_v ready_a to_o say_v the_o part_n of_o body_n stick_v firm_o together_o be_v there_o any_o thing_n more_o common_a and_o what_o doubt_n can_v there_o be_v make_v of_o it_o and_o the_o like_a i_o say_v concern_v think_v and_o voluntary_a motion_n do_v we_o not_o every_o moment_n experiment_n it_o in_o ourselves_o and_o therefore_o can_v it_o be_v doubt_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n be_v clear_a i_o confess_v but_o when_o we_o will_v a_o little_a near_o look_v into_o it_o and_o consider_v how_o it_o be_v do_v there_o i_o think_v we_o be_v at_o a_o loss_n both_o in_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o and_o can_v as_o little_o understand_v how_o the_o part_n of_o body_n cohere_v as_o how_o we_o ourselves_o perceive_v or_o move_v i_o will_v have_v any_o one_o intelligible_o explain_v to_o i_o how_o the_o part_n of_o gold_n or_o brass_n that_o but_o now_o in_o fusion_n be_v as_o loose_v from_o one_o another_o as_o the_o particle_n of_o water_n or_o the_o sand_n of_o a_o hourglass_n come_v in_o a_o few_o moment_n to_o be_v so_o unite_v and_o adhere_v so_o strong_o one_o to_o another_o that_o the_o utmost_a force_n of_o man_n arm_n can_v separate_v they_o a_o consider_v man_n will_v i_o suppose_v be_v here_o at_o a_o loss_n to_o satisfy_v his_o own_o or_o another_o man_n understanding_n §_o 26._o the_o little_a body_n that_o compose_v that_o fluid_a we_o call_v water_n be_v so_o extreme_o small_a that_o i_o have_v never_o hear_v of_o any_o one_o who_o by_o a_o microscope_n and_o yet_o i_o have_v hear_v of_o some_o that_o have_v magnify_v to_o 10000_o nay_o to_o much_o above_o 100,000_o time_n pretend_v to_o perceive_v their_o distinct_a bulk_n figure_n or_o motion_n and_o the_o particle_n of_o water_n be_v also_o so_o perfect_o loose_v one_o from_o another_o that_o the_o least_o force_n sensible_o separate_v they_o nay_o if_o we_o consider_v their_o perpetual_a motion_n we_o must_v allow_v they_o to_o have_v no_o cohesion_n one_o with_o another_o and_o yâ—t_o let_v but_o a_o sharp_a cold_a come_v and_o they_o unite_v they_o consolidate_n these_o little_a atom_n cohere_v and_o be_v not_o without_o great_a force_n separable_a he_o that_o can_v find_v the_o bond_n that_o tie_v these_o heap_n of_o loose_a little_a body_n together_o so_o firm_o he_o that_o can_v make_v know_v the_o cement_n that_o make_v they_o stick_v so_o fast_o one_o to_o another_o will_v discover_v a_o great_a and_o yet_o unknown_a secret_n and_o yet_o when_o that_o be_v do_v will_v he_o be_v far_o enough_o from_o make_v the_o extension_n of_o body_n which_o be_v the_o cohesion_n of_o its_o solid_a part_n intelligible_a till_o he_o can_v show_v wherein_o consist_v the_o union_n or_o consolidation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o those_o bond_n or_o of_o that_o cement_n or_o of_o the_o least_o particle_n of_o matter_n that_o exist_v whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o this_o primary_n and_o suppose_a obvious_a quality_n of_o body_n will_v be_v find_v when_o examine_v to_o be_v as_o incomprehensible_a as_o any_o thing_n belong_v to_o our_o mind_n and_o a_o solid_a extend_a substance_n as_o hard_o to_o be_v conceive_v as_o a_o thine_a one_o whatever_o difficulty_n some_o will_v raise_v against_o it_o §_o 27._o for_o to_o extend_v our_o thought_n a_o little_a far_o that_o pressure_n which_o be_v bring_v to_o explain_v the_o cohesion_n of_o body_n be_v as_o unintelligible_a as_o the_o cohesion_n itself_o for_o if_o matter_n be_v consider_v as_o no_o doubt_n it_o be_v finite_a let_v any_o one_o send_v his_o contemplation_n to_o the_o extremity_n of_o universe_n and_o there_o see_v what_o conceivable_a hoop_n what_o bond_n he_o can_v imagine_v to_o hold_v this_o mass_n of_o matter_n in_o so_o close_a a_o pressure_n together_o from_o whence_o steel_n have_v its_o firmness_n and_o the_o part_n of_o a_o diamond_n their_o hardness_n and_o indissolubility_n if_o matter_n be_v finite_a it_o must_v have_v its_o extreme_n and_o there_o must_v be_v something_o to_o hinder_v it_o from_o scatter_v asunder_o if_o to_o avoid_v this_o difficulty_n any_o one_o will_v throw_v himself_o into_o the_o supposition_n and_o abyss_n of_o infinite_a matter_n let_v he_o consider_v what_o light_n he_o thereby_o bring_v to_o the_o cohesion_n of_o body_n and_o whether_o he_o be_v ever_o the_o near_a make_v it_o intelligible_a by_o resolve_v it_o into_o a_o
desire_v any_o one_o to_o assign_v any_o simple_a idea_n which_o it_o receive_v not_o from_o one_o of_o those_o inlet_n beforementioned_a or_o any_o complex_fw-la idea_n not_o make_v out_o of_o those_o simple_a one_o nor_o will_v it_o be_v so_o strange_a to_o think_v these_o few_o simple_a idea_n sufficient_a to_o employ_v the_o quick_a thought_n or_o large_a capacity_n and_o to_o furnish_v the_o material_n of_o all_o that_o various_a knowledge_n and_o more_o various_a fancy_n and_o opinion_n of_o all_o mankind_n if_o we_o consider_v how_o many_o word_n may_v be_v make_v out_o of_o the_o various_a composition_n of_o 24_o letter_n or_o if_o go_v one_o step_n far_o we_o will_v but_o reflect_v on_o the_o variety_n of_o combination_n may_v be_v make_v with_o bare_o one_o of_o these_o idea_n viz._n number_n who_o stock_n be_v inexhaustible_a and_o true_o infiniteâ—_n and_o what_o a_o large_a and_o immense_a field_n do_v excursion_n alone_o afford_v the_o mathematician_n chap._n viii_o some_o far_a consideration_n concern_v our_o simple_a idea_n §_o 1._o concern_v the_o simple_a idea_n of_o sensation_n it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o whatsoever_o be_v so_o constitute_v in_o nature_n as_o to_o be_v able_a by_o affect_v our_o sense_n to_o cause_v any_o perception_n in_o the_o mind_n do_v thereby_o produce_v in_o the_o understanding_n a_o simple_a idea_n which_o whatever_o be_v the_o external_a cause_n of_o it_o when_o it_o come_v to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o by_o our_o discern_a faculty_n it_o be_v by_o the_o mind_n look_v on_o and_o consider_v there_o to_o be_v a_o real_a positive_a idea_n in_o the_o understanding_n as_o much_o as_o any_o other_o whatsoever_o though_o perhaps_o the_o cause_n of_o it_o be_v but_o a_o privation_n in_o the_o subject_n §_o 2._o thus_o the_o idea_n of_o heat_n and_o cold_a light_a and_o darkness_n white_a and_o black_a motion_n and_o rest_n be_v equal_o clear_a and_o positive_a idea_n in_o the_o mind_n though_o perhaps_o some_o of_o the_o cause_n which_o produce_v they_o be_v bare_o privation_n in_o those_o subject_n from_o whence_o our_o sense_n derive_v those_o idea_n these_o the_o understanding_n in_o its_o view_n of_o they_o consider_v all_o as_o distinct_a positive_a idea_n without_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o cause_n that_o produce_v they_o which_o be_v a_o enquiry_n not_o belong_v to_o the_o idea_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o understanding_n but_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n exist_v without_o we_o these_o be_v two_o very_a different_a thing_n and_o careful_o to_o be_v distinguish_v it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o perceive_v and_o know_v the_o idea_n of_o white_a or_o black_a and_o quite_o another_o to_o examine_v what_o kind_n of_o particle_n they_o must_v be_v and_o how_o range_v in_o the_o superficies_n to_o make_v any_o object_n appear_v white_a or_o black_a §_o 3._o a_o painter_n or_o dyer_n who_o never_o inquire_v into_o their_o cause_n have_v the_o idea_n of_o white_a and_o black_a and_o other_o colour_n as_o clear_o perfect_o and_o distinct_o in_o his_o understanding_n and_o perhaps_o more_o distinct_o than_o the_o philosopher_n who_o have_v busy_v himself_o in_o consider_v their_o nature_n and_o think_v he_o know_v how_o far_o either_o of_o they_o be_v in_o its_o cause_n positive_a or_o privative_a and_o the_o idea_n of_o black_a be_v no_o less_o positive_a in_o his_o mind_n than_o that_o of_o white_a however_o the_o cause_n of_o that_o colour_n in_o the_o external_a object_n may_v be_v only_o a_o privation_n §_o 4._o if_o it_o be_v the_o design_n of_o my_o present_a undertake_n to_o inquire_v into_o the_o natural_a cause_n and_o manner_n of_o perception_n i_o shall_v offer_v this_o as_o a_o reason_n why_o a_o privative_a cause_n may_v in_o some_o case_n at_o least_o produce_v a_o positive_a idea_n viz._n that_o all_o sensation_n be_v produce_v in_o we_o only_o by_o different_a degree_n and_o mode_n of_o motion_n in_o our_o animal_n spirit_n various_o agitate_a by_o external_a object_n the_o abatement_n of_o any_o former_a motion_n must_v as_o necessary_o produce_v a_o new_a sensation_n as_o the_o variation_n or_o increase_n of_o it_o and_o so_o introduce_v a_o new_a idea_n which_o depend_v only_o on_o a_o different_a motion_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n in_o that_o organ_n §_o 5._o but_o whether_o this_o be_v so_o or_o no_o i_o will_v not_o here_o determine_v but_o appeal_v to_o every_o one_o be_v own_o experience_n whether_o the_o shadow_n of_o a_o man_n though_o it_o consist_v of_o nothing_o but_o the_o absence_n of_o light_n and_o the_o more_o the_o absence_n of_o light_n be_v the_o more_o discernible_a be_v the_o shadow_n do_v not_o when_o a_o man_n look_v on_o it_o cause_n as_o clear_a and_o positive_a a_o idea_n in_o his_o mind_n as_o a_o man_n himself_o though_o cover_v over_o with_o clear_a sunshine_n and_o the_o picture_n of_o a_o shadow_n be_v a_o positive_a thing_n indeed_o we_o have_v negative_a name_n to_o which_o there_o be_v no_o positive_a idea_n but_o they_o consist_v whole_o in_o negation_n of_o some_o certain_a idea_n as_o silence_n invisible_a but_o these_o signify_v not_o any_o idea_n in_o the_o mind_n but_o their_o absence_n §_o 6._o and_o thus_o one_o may_v true_o be_v say_v to_o see_v darkness_n for_o suppose_v a_o hole_n perfect_o dark_a from_o whence_o no_o light_n be_v reflect_v it_o be_v certain_a one_o may_v see_v the_o figure_n of_o it_o or_o it_o may_v be_v paint_v and_o whether_o the_o ink_n i_o write_v with_o make_v any_o other_o idea_n be_v a_o question_n the_o privative_a cause_n i_o have_v here_o assign_v of_o positive_a idea_n be_v according_a to_o the_o common_a opinion_n but_o in_o truth_n it_o will_v be_v hard_a to_o determine_v whether_o there_o be_v real_o any_o idea_n from_o a_o privative_a cause_n till_o it_o be_v determine_v whether_o rest_v be_v any_o more_o a_o privation_n than_o motion_n §_o 7._o to_o discover_v the_o nature_n of_o our_o idea_n the_o better_a and_o to_o discourse_v of_o they_o intelligible_o it_o will_v be_v convenient_a to_o distinguish_v they_o as_o they_o be_v idea_n or_o perception_n in_o our_o mind_n and_o as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o body_n that_o cause_n such_o perception_n in_o we_o that_o sow_n may_v not_o think_v as_o perhaps_o usual_o be_v do_v that_o they_o be_v exact_o the_o image_n and_o resemblance_n of_o something_o inherent_a in_o the_o subject_n most_o of_o those_o of_o sensation_n be_v in_o the_o mind_n no_o more_o the_o likeness_n of_o something_o exist_v without_o we_o than_o the_o name_n that_o stand_v for_o they_o be_v the_o likeness_n of_o our_o idea_n which_o yet_o upon_o hear_v they_o be_v apt_a to_o excite_v in_o we_o §_o 8._o whatsoever_o the_o mind_n perceive_v in_o itself_o or_o be_v the_o immediate_a object_n of_o perception_n thought_n or_o understanding_n that_o i_o call_v idea_n and_o the_o power_n to_o produce_v any_o idea_n in_o our_o mind_n i_o call_v quality_n of_o the_o subject_a wherein_o that_o power_n be_v thus_o a_o snowball_n have_v the_o power_n to_o produce_v in_o we_o the_o idea_n of_o white_a cold_a and_o round_o the_o power_n to_o produce_v those_o idea_n in_o we_o as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o snowball_n i_o call_v quality_n and_o as_o they_o be_v sensation_n or_o perception_n in_o our_o underwanding_n i_o call_v they_o idea_n which_o idea_n if_o i_o speak_v of_o sometime_o as_o in_o the_o thing_n themselves_o i_o will_v be_v understand_v to_o mean_v those_o quality_n in_o the_o object_n which_o produce_v they_o in_o we_o §_o 9_o concern_v these_o quality_n we_o may_v i_o think_v observe_v these_o primary_n one_o in_o body_n that_o produce_v simple_a idea_n in_o we_o viz._n solidity_n extension_n motion_n or_o rest_n number_n and_o figure_n §_o 10._o these_o which_o i_o call_v original_a or_o primary_n quality_n of_o body_n be_v whole_o inseparable_a from_o it_o and_o such_o as_o in_o all_o the_o alteration_n and_o change_n it_o suffer_v all_o the_o force_n can_v be_v use_v upon_o it_o it_o constant_o keep_v and_o such_o as_o sense_n constant_o find_v in_o every_o particle_n of_o matter_n which_o have_v bulk_n enough_o to_o be_v perceive_v and_o the_o mind_n find_v inseparable_a from_o every_o particle_n of_o matter_n though_o less_o than_o to_o make_v itself_o single_o be_v perceive_v by_o our_o sense_n v_o g._n take_v a_o grain_n of_o wheat_n divide_v it_o into_o two_o part_n each_o part_n have_v still_o solidity_n extension_n figure_n and_o mobility_n divide_v it_o again_o and_o it_o retain_v still_o the_o same_o quality_n and_o so_o divide_v it_o on_o till_o the_o part_n become_v insensible_a they_o must_v retain_v still_o each_o of_o they_o all_o those_o quality_n for_o division_n which_o be_v all_o that_o a_o mill_n or_o pestle_n or_o any_o other_o body_n do_v upon_o another_o in_o
absolute_a because_o they_o neither_o signify_v nor_o intimate_v any_o thing_n but_o what_o do_v or_o be_v suppose_v real_o to_o exist_v in_o the_o man_n thus_o denominate_v but_o father_n brother_n king_n husband_n blacker_n merry_a etc._n etc._n be_v word_n which_o together_o with_o the_o thing_n they_o denominate_v imply_v also_o something_o else_o separate_a and_o exterior_a to_o the_o existence_n of_o that_o thing_n §_o 11._o have_v lay_v down_o these_o premise_n concern_v relation_n in_o general_n i_o shall_v now_o proceed_v to_o show_v in_o some_o instance_n how_o all_o the_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o relation_n be_v make_v up_o as_o the_o other_o be_v only_o of_o simple_a idea_n and_o that_o they_o all_o how_o refine_v or_o remote_a from_o sense_n soever_o they_o seem_v terminate_v at_o last_o in_o simple_a idea_n i_o shall_v begin_v with_o the_o most_o comprehensive_a relation_n wherein_o all_o thing_n that_o do_v or_o can_v exist_v be_v concern_v and_o that_o be_v the_o relation_n of_o cause_n and_o effect_n the_o idea_n whereof_o how_o derive_v from_o the_o two_o fountain_n of_o all_o our_o knowledge_n sensation_n and_o reflection_n i_o shall_v in_o the_o next_o place_n consider_v chap._n xxvi_o of_o cause_n and_o effect_v and_o other_o relation_n §_o 1._o in_o the_o notice_n that_o our_o sense_n take_v of_o the_o constant_a vicissitude_n of_o thing_n we_o can_v but_o observe_v that_o several_a particular_a both_o quality_n and_o substance_n begin_v to_o exist_v and_o that_o they_o receive_v this_o their_o existence_n from_o the_o due_a application_n and_o operation_n of_o some_o other_o be_v from_o this_o observation_n we_o get_v our_o idea_n of_o cause_n and_o effect_n that_o which_o produce_v any_o simple_a or_o complex_fw-la idea_n we_o denote_v by_o the_o general_a name_n cause_n and_o that_o which_o be_v produce_v effect_v thus_o find_v that_o in_o that_o substance_n which_o we_o call_v wax_n fluidity_n which_o be_v a_o simple_a idea_n that_o be_v not_o in_o it_o before_o be_v constant_o produce_v by_o the_o application_n of_o a_o certain_a degree_n of_o heat_n we_o call_v the_o simple_a idea_n of_o heat_n in_o relation_n to_o fluidity_n in_o wax_n the_o cause_n of_o it_o and_o fluidity_n the_o effect_n so_o also_o find_v that_o the_o substance_n wood_n which_o be_v a_o certain_a collection_n of_o simple_a idea_n so_o call_v will_v by_o the_o application_n of_o fire_n be_v turn_v into_o another_o substance_n call_v ash_n i_o e._n another_o complex_fw-la idea_n consist_v of_o a_o collection_n of_o simple_a idea_n quite_o different_a from_o that_o complex_fw-la idea_n which_o we_o call_v wood_n we_o consider_v fire_n in_o relation_n to_o ash_n as_o cause_n and_o the_o ash_n as_o effect_v so_o that_o whatever_o be_v consider_v by_o we_o to_o conduce_v or_o operate_v to_o the_o produce_v any_o particular_a simple_a idea_n or_o collection_n of_o simple_a idea_n whether_o substance_n or_o mode_n which_o do_v not_o before_o exist_v have_v thereby_o in_o our_o mind_n the_o relation_n of_o a_o cause_n and_o so_o be_v denominate_v by_o we_o §_o 2._o have_v thus_o from_o what_o our_o sense_n be_v able_a to_o discover_v in_o the_o operation_n of_o body_n on_o one_o another_o get_v the_o notion_n of_o cause_n and_o effect_v viz._n that_o a_o cause_n be_v that_o which_o make_v any_o other_o thing_n either_o simple_a idea_n substance_n or_o mode_n begin_v to_o be_v and_o a_o effect_n be_v that_o which_o have_v its_o beginning_n from_o some_o other_o thing_n the_o mind_n find_v no_o great_a difficulty_n to_o distinguish_v the_o several_a original_n of_o thing_n into_o two_o sort_n first_o when_o the_o thing_n be_v whole_o make_v new_a so_o that_o no_o part_n thereof_o do_v ever_o exist_v before_o as_o when_o a_o new_a particle_n of_o matter_n do_v begin_v to_o exist_v in_o rerum_fw-la natura_fw-la which_o have_v before_o no_o be_v and_o this_o we_o call_v creation_n second_o when_o a_o thing_n be_v make_v up_o of_o particle_n which_o do_v all_o of_o they_o before_o exist_v but_o that_o very_a thing_n so_o constitute_v of_o pre-existing_a particle_n which_o consider_v altogether_o make_v up_o such_o a_o collection_n of_o simple_a idea_n have_v not_o any_o existence_n before_o as_o this_o man_n this_o egg_n rose_n or_o cherry_n etc._n etc._n and_o this_o when_o refer_v to_o a_o substance_n produce_v in_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o nature_n by_o a_o internal_a principle_n but_o set_v on_o work_n by_o and_o receive_v from_o some_o external_a agent_n or_o cause_n and_o work_v by_o insensible_a way_n which_o we_o perceive_v not_o we_o call_v generation_n when_o the_o cause_n be_v extrinsical_a and_o the_o effect_v produce_v by_o a_o sensible_a separation_n or_o juxta_fw-la position_n of_o discernible_a part_n we_o call_v it_o make_v and_o such_o be_v all_o artificial_a thing_n when_o any_o simple_a idea_n be_v produce_v which_o be_v not_o in_o that_o subject_a before_o we_o call_v it_o alteration_n thus_o a_o man_n be_v generate_v a_o picture_n make_v and_o either_o of_o they_o alter_v when_o any_o new_a sensible_a quality_n or_o simple_a idea_n be_v produce_v in_o either_o of_o they_o which_o be_v not_o there_o before_o and_o the_o thing_n thus_o make_v to_o exist_v which_o be_v not_o there_o before_o be_v effect_n and_o those_o thing_n which_o operate_v to_o the_o existence_n cause_n in_o which_o and_o all_o other_o case_n we_o may_v observe_v that_o the_o notion_n of_o cause_n and_o effect_v have_v its_o rise_n from_o idea_n receive_v by_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n and_o that_o this_o relation_n how_o comprehensive_a soever_o terminate_v at_o last_o in_o they_o for_o to_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o cause_n and_o effect_v it_o suffice_v to_o consider_v any_o simple_a idea_n or_o substance_n as_o beginning_n to_o exist_v by_o the_o operation_n of_o some_o other_o without_o know_v the_o manner_n of_o that_o operation_n §_o 3._o time_n and_o place_n be_v also_o the_o foundation_n of_o very_a large_a relation_n and_o all_o finite_a being_n at_o least_o be_v concern_v in_o they_o but_o have_v already_o show_v in_o another_o place_n how_o we_o get_v these_o idea_n it_o may_v suffice_v here_o to_o intimate_v that_o most_o of_o the_o denomination_n of_o thing_n receive_v from_o time_n be_v only_a relation_n thus_o when_o any_o one_o say_v that_o queen_n elizabeth_n live_v sixty_o nine_o and_o reign_v forty_o five_o year_n these_o word_n import_v only_o the_o relation_n of_o that_o duration_n to_o some_o other_o and_o mean_v no_o more_o but_o this_o that_o the_o duration_n of_o her_o existence_n be_v equal_a to_o sixty_o nine_o and_o the_o duration_n of_o her_o government_n to_o forty_o five_o annual_a revolution_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o so_o be_v all_o word_n answer_v how_o long_o again_o william_n the_o conqueror_n invade_v england_n about_o the_o year_n 1070._o which_o mean_v this_o that_o take_v the_o duration_n from_o our_o saviour_n time_n till_o now_o for_o one_o entire_a great_a length_n of_o time_n it_o show_v at_o what_o distance_n this_o invasion_n be_v from_o the_o two_o extreme_n and_o so_o do_v all_o word_n of_o time_n answer_v to_o the_o question_n when_o which_o show_v only_o the_o distance_n of_o any_o point_n of_o time_n from_o the_o period_n of_o a_o long_a duration_n from_o which_o we_o measure_v and_o to_o which_o we_o thereby_o consider_v it_o as_o relate_v §_o 4_o there_o be_v yet_o beside_o those_o other_o word_n of_o time_n that_o ordinary_o be_v think_v to_o stand_v for_o positive_a idea_n which_o yet_o will_v when_o consider_v be_v find_v to_o be_v relative_a such_o as_o be_v young_a old_a etc._n etc._n which_o include_v and_o intimate_v the_o relation_n any_o thing_n have_v to_o a_o certain_a length_n of_o duration_n whereof_o we_o have_v the_o idea_n in_o our_o mind_n thus_o have_v settle_v in_o our_o thought_n the_o idea_n of_o the_o ordinary_a duration_n of_o a_o man_n to_o be_v seventy_o year_n 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in_o ourselves_o in_o all_o our_o voluntary_a motion_n which_o be_v produce_v in_o we_o only_o by_o the_o free_a thought_n of_o our_o own_o mind_n and_o be_v not_o nor_o can_v be_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o impulse_n or_o determination_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o blind_a matter_n in_o or_o upon_o our_o body_n for_o than_o it_o can_v not_o be_v in_o our_o power_n or_o choice_n to_o alter_v it_o for_o example_n my_o right_a hand_n write_v whilst_o my_o left_a hand_n be_v still_o what_o cause_n rest_v in_o one_o and_o motion_n in_o the_o other_o nothing_o but_o my_o will_n a_o thought_n of_o my_o mind_n my_o thought_n only_o change_v the_o right_a hand_n rest_v and_o the_o left_a hand_n move_v this_o be_v matter_n of_o fact_n which_o can_v be_v deny_v explain_v this_o and_o make_v it_o intelligible_a and_o then_o the_o next_o step_n will_v be_v to_o understand_v creation_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n it_o be_v a_o over-value_a ourselves_o to_o reduce_v all_o to_o the_o narrow_a measure_n of_o our_o capacity_n and_o to_o conclude_v all_o thing_n impossible_a to_o be_v do_v who_o manner_n of_o do_v exceed_v our_o comprehension_n this_o be_v to_o make_v our_o comprehension_n infinite_a or_o god_n finite_a when_o what_o he_o can_v do_v be_v limit_v to_o what_o we_o can_v conceive_v of_o it_o if_o you_o do_v not_o understand_v the_o operation_n of_o your_o own_o finite_a mind_n that_o think_v thing_n within_o you_o do_v not_o deem_v it_o strange_a that_o you_o can_v comprehend_v the_o operation_n of_o that_o eternal_a infinite_a mind_n who_o make_v and_o govern_v all_o thing_n and_o who_o the_o heaven_n of_o heaven_n can_v contain_v chap._n xi_o of_o our_o knowledge_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o other_o thing_n §_o 1._o the_o knowledge_n of_o our_o own_o be_v
which_o happen_v to_o they_o there_o and_o so_o depend_v on_o something_o exterior_a to_o the_o mind_n no_o otherwise_o differ_v in_o their_o manner_n of_o production_n from_o other_o idea_n derive_v from_o sense_n but_o only_o in_o the_o precedency_n of_o time_n whereas_o those_o innate_a principle_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v of_o quite_o another_o nature_n not_o come_v into_o the_o mind_n by_o the_o accidental_a alteration_n in_o or_o operation_n on_o the_o body_n but_o as_o it_o be_v original_a character_n impress_v upon_o it_o in_o the_o very_a first_o moment_n of_o its_o be_v and_o constitution_n §_o 7._o as_o there_o be_v some_o idea_n which_o we_o may_v reasonable_o suppose_v may_v be_v introduce_v into_o the_o mind_n of_o child_n in_o the_o womb_n subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o necessity_n of_o their_o life_n and_o be_v there_o so_o after_o they_o be_v bear_v those_o idea_n be_v the_o early_a imprint_v which_o happen_v to_o be_v the_o sensible_a quality_n which_o first_o occur_v to_o they_o among_o which_o light_n be_v not_o the_o least_o considerable_a nor_o of_o the_o weak_a efficacy_n and_o how_o covetous_a the_o mind_n be_v to_o be_v furnish_v with_o all_o such_o idea_n as_o have_v no_o pain_n accompany_v they_o may_v be_v a_o little_a guess_v by_o what_o be_v observable_a in_o child_n newborn_a who_o always_o turn_v their_o eye_n to_o that_o part_n from_o whence_o the_o light_n come_v lay_v they_o how_o you_o please_v but_o the_o idea_n that_o be_v most_o familiar_a at_o first_o be_v various_a according_a to_o the_o divers_a circumstance_n of_o child_n first_o entertainment_n in_o the_o world_n the_o order_n wherein_o the_o several_a idea_n come_v at_o first_o into_o the_o mind_n be_v very_o various_a and_o uncertain_a also_o neither_o be_v it_o much_o material_a to_o know_v it_o §_o 8._o we_o be_v far_a to_o consider_v concern_v perception_n that_o the_o idea_n we_o receive_v by_o sensation_n be_v often_o in_o grow_v people_n alter_v by_o the_o judgement_n without_o our_o take_a notice_n of_o it_o when_o we_o set_v before_o our_o eye_n a_o round_a globe_n of_o any_o uniform_a colour_n v_o g._n gold_n alabaster_n or_o jet_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o idea_n thereby_o imprint_v in_o our_o mind_n be_v of_o a_o flat_a circle_n various_o shadow_v with_o several_a degree_n of_o light_n and_o brightness_n come_v to_o our_o eye_n but_o we_o have_v by_o use_n be_v accustom_v to_o perceive_v what_o kind_n of_o appearance_n convex_v body_n be_v wont_a to_o make_v in_o we_o what_o alteration_n be_v make_v in_o the_o reflection_n of_o light_n by_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o sensible_a figure_n of_o body_n the_o judgement_n present_o by_o a_o habitual_a custom_n alter_v the_o appearance_n into_o their_o cause_n so_o that_o from_o that_o which_o true_o be_v variety_n of_o shadow_n or_o colour_n collect_v the_o figure_n it_o make_v it_o pass_v for_o a_o mark_n of_o figure_n and_o frame_v to_o itself_o the_o perception_n of_o a_o convex_a figure_n and_o a_o uniform_a colour_n when_o the_o idea_n we_o receive_v from_o thence_o be_v only_o a_o plain_a various_o colour_v as_o be_v evident_a in_o paint_v §_o 9_o but_o this_o be_v not_o i_o think_v usual_a in_o any_o of_o our_o idea_n but_o those_o receive_v by_o sight_n because_o sight_n the_o most_o comprehensive_a of_o all_o our_o sense_n convey_v to_o our_o mind_n the_o far_o different_a idea_n of_o light_n and_o colour_n which_o be_v peculiar_a only_o to_o that_o sense_n and_o also_o of_o space_n figure_n and_o motion_n the_o several_a variety_n whereof_o change_v the_o appearance_n of_o its_o proper_a object_n viz._n light_n and_o colour_n it_o accustom_n itself_o by_o use_n to_o judge_v of_o the_o one_o by_o the_o other_o this_o in_o many_o case_n by_o a_o settle_a habit_n in_o thing_n whereof_o we_o have_v frequent_a experience_n be_v perform_v so_o constant_o and_o so_o quick_a that_o we_o take_v that_o for_o the_o perception_n of_o our_o sensation_n which_o be_v but_o a_o idea_n form_v by_o our_o judgement_n so_o that_o one_o viz._n that_o of_o sensation_n serve_v only_o to_o excite_v the_o other_o and_o be_v scarce_o take_v notice_n of_o itself_o as_o a_o man_n who_o read_v and_o hear_v with_o attention_n and_o understanding_n take_v little_a notice_n of_o the_o character_n or_o sound_v but_o of_o the_o idea_n that_o be_v excite_v in_o he_o by_o they_o §_o 10._o nor_o need_v we_o wonder_v that_o this_o be_v do_v with_o so_o little_a notice_n if_o we_o consider_v how_o very_o quick_a the_o action_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v perform_v for_o as_o itself_o take_v up_o no_o space_n have_v no_o extension_n so_o its_o action_n seem_v to_o require_v no_o time_n but_o many_o of_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v crowd_v into_o a_o instant_a i_o speak_v this_o in_o comparison_n to_o the_o action_n of_o the_o body_n any_o one_o may_v easy_o observe_v this_o in_o his_o own_o thought_n who_o will_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o reflect_v on_o they_o how_o as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o instant_n do_v our_o mind_n with_o one_o glance_n see_v all_o the_o part_n of_o a_o demonstration_n which_o may_v very_o well_o be_v call_v along_o one_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o time_n it_o will_v require_v to_o put_v it_o into_o word_n and_o step_v by_o step_n show_v it_o another_o second_o we_o shall_v not_o be_v so_o much_o surprise_v that_o this_o be_v do_v in_o we_o with_o so_o little_a notice_n if_o we_o consider_v how_o the_o facility_n we_o get_v of_o do_v thing_n by_o a_o custom_n of_o do_v make_v they_o often_o pass_v in_o we_o without_o our_o noticeâ—_n habit_n especial_o such_o as_o be_v begin_v very_o early_o come_v at_o last_o to_o produce_v action_n in_o we_o which_o often_o escape_v our_o observation_n how_o frequent_o do_v we_o in_o a_o day_n cover_v our_o eye_n with_o our_o eyelid_n without_o perceive_v that_o we_o be_v at_o all_o in_o the_o dark_a man_n that_o by_o custom_n have_v get_v the_o use_n of_o a_o byword_n do_v almost_o in_o every_o sentence_n pronounce_v sound_a which_o though_o take_v notice_n of_o by_o other_o they_o themselves_z neither_o hear_v nor_o observe_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o so_o strange_a that_o our_o mind_n shall_v often_o change_v the_o idea_n of_o its_o sensation_n into_o that_o of_o its_o judgement_n and_o make_v one_o serve_v only_o to_o excite_v the_o other_o without_o our_o take_a notice_n of_o it_o §_o 11._o this_o faculty_n of_o perception_n seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v that_o which_o put_v the_o distinction_n betwixt_o the_o animal_n kingdom_n and_o â—he_v inferior_a part_n of_o nature_n for_o however_o vegetable_n have_v many_o of_o they_o some_o degree_n of_o motion_n and_o upon_o the_o different_a application_n of_o other_o 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v to_o they_o do_v very_o brisk_o alter_v their_o figure_n and_o motion_n and_o so_o have_v obtain_v the_o name_n of_o sensitive_a plant_n from_o a_o motion_n which_o have_v some_o resemblance_n to_o that_o which_o in_o animal_n follow_v upon_o sensationâ—_n yet_o i_o suppose_v it_o be_v all_o bare_a mechanism_n and_o no_o otherwise_o produce_v than_o the_o turn_n of_o a_o wild_a oatbeard_n by_o the_o insinuation_n of_o the_o particle_n of_o moisture_n or_o the_o shorten_n of_o a_o rope_n by_o the_o affusion_n of_o water_n all_o which_o be_v do_v without_o any_o sensation_n in_o the_o subject_a or_o the_o have_v or_o receive_v any_o idea_n §_o 12._o perception_n i_o believe_v be_v in_o some_o degree_n in_o all_o sort_n of_o animal_n though_o in_o some_o possible_o the_o avenue_n provide_v for_o the_o reception_n of_o sensation_n be_v so_o few_o by_o nature_n and_o the_o perception_n they_o be_v receive_v with_o so_o obscure_a and_o dull_a that_o it_o come_v extreme_o short_a of_o the_o quickness_n and_o variety_n of_o sensation_n which_o be_v in_o other_o animal_n but_o yet_o it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o and_o wise_o adapt_v to_o the_o state_n and_o condition_n of_o that_o sort_n of_o animal_n who_o be_v thus_o constitute_v by_o nature_n so_o that_o the_o wisdom_n and_o goodness_n of_o the_o maker_n plain_o appear_v in_o all_o the_o part_n of_o this_o stupendous_a fabric_n and_o all_o the_o several_a degree_n and_o rank_n of_o creature_n in_o it_o §_o 13._o we_o may_v i_o think_v from_o the_o make_v of_o a_o oyster_n or_o cockle_n reasonable_o conclude_v that_o it_o have_v not_o so_o many_o nor_o so_o quick_a sense_n as_o a_o man_n or_o several_a other_o animal_n nor_o if_o it_o have_v will_v it_o in_o that_o state_n and_o incapacity_n of_o transfer_v itself_o from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o be_v better_v by_o they_o what_o good_a will_v sight_n and_o hear_v do_v to_o a_o creature_n that_o can_v move_v itself_o to_o or_o from_o the_o object_n wherein_o at_o a_o distance_n it_o perceive_v good_a or_o
since_o we_o oftentimes_o find_v a_o disease_n quite_o strip_v the_o mind_n of_o all_o its_o idea_n and_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o fever_n in_o a_o few_o day_n calcines_fw-la all_o those_o image_n to_o dust_n and_o confusion_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v as_o last_v as_o if_o carve_v in_o marble_n §_o 6._o but_o concern_v the_o idea_n themselves_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o remark_n that_o those_o that_o be_v often_o refresh_v among_o which_o be_v those_o that_o be_v convey_v into_o the_o mind_n by_o more_o way_n than_o one_o by_o a_o frequent_a return_n of_o the_o object_n or_o action_n that_o produce_v they_o fix_v themselves_o best_o in_o the_o memory_n and_o remain_v clear_a and_o long_a there_o and_o therefore_o those_o which_o be_v of_o the_o original_a quality_n of_o body_n viz._n solidity_n extension_n figure_n motion_n and_o rest_v and_o those_o that_o almost_o constant_o affect_v our_o body_n as_o heat_n and_o cold_a and_o those_o which_o be_v the_o affection_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o 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their_o dark_a cell_n into_o open_a daylight_n by_o some_o turbulent_a and_o tempestuous_a passion_n our_o affection_n bring_v idea_n to_o our_o memory_n which_o have_v otherwise_o lie_v quiet_a and_o unregarded_a §_o 8._o memory_n in_o a_o intellectual_a creature_n be_v necessary_a in_o the_o next_o degree_n to_o perception_n it_o be_v of_o so_o great_a moment_n that_o where_o it_o be_v want_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o our_o faculty_n be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n useless_a and_o we_o in_o our_o thought_n reason_n and_o knowledge_n can_v not_o proceed_v beyond_o present_a object_n be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o assistance_n of_o our_o memory_n wherein_o there_o may_v be_v two_o defect_n first_o that_o it_o lose_v the_o idea_n quite_o and_o so_o far_o it_o produce_v perfect_a ignorance_n for_o since_o we_o can_v know_v nothing_o far_o than_o we_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o it_o when_o they_o be_v go_v we_o be_v in_o perfect_a ignorance_n second_o that_o it_o move_v slow_o and_o retrieves_z not_o the_o idea_n that_o it_o have_v and_o be_v lay_v up_o in_o store_n quick_a enough_o to_o serve_v the_o mind_n upon_o occasion_n this_o if_o it_o be_v to_o a_o great_a degree_n be_v stupidity_n and_o he_o who_o through_o this_o default_n in_o his_o memory_n have_v not_o the_o idea_n that_o be_v real_o preserve_v there_o ready_a at_o hand_n when_o need_n and_o occasion_n call_v for_o they_o be_v almost_o as_o good_a be_v without_o they_o quite_o since_o they_o serve_v he_o to_o little_a purpose_n the_o dull_a man_n who_o lose_v the_o opportunity_n whilst_o he_o be_v seek_v in_o his_o mind_n for_o those_o idea_n that_o shall_v serve_v his_o turn_n be_v not_o much_o more_o happy_a in_o his_o knowledge_n than_o one_o that_o be_v perfect_o ignorant_a it_o be_v the_o business_n therefore_o of_o the_o memory_n to_o furnish_v to_o the_o mind_n those_o dormant_a idea_n which_o it_o have_v present_a occasion_n for_o and_o in_o the_o have_v they_o ready_a at_o hand_n on_o all_o occasion_n consist_v that_o which_o we_o call_v invention_n fancy_n and_o quickness_n of_o part_n §_o 9_o this_o faculty_n of_o lay_v up_o and_o retain_v the_o idea_n that_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o mind_n several_a other_o animal_n seem_v to_o have_v to_o a_o great_a degree_n as_o well_o as_o man._n for_o to_o pass_v by_o other_o instance_n bird_n learn_v of_o tune_n and_o the_o endeavour_v one_o may_v observe_v in_o they_o to_o hit_v the_o note_n right_a put_v it_o past_a doubt_n with_o i_o that_o they_o have_v perception_n and_o retain_v idea_n in_o their_o memory_n and_o use_v they_o for_o pattern_n for_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o impossible_a that_o they_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o conform_v their_o voice_n to_o note_n as_o it_o be_v plain_a they_o do_v of_o which_o they_o have_v no_o idea_n for_o though_o i_o shall_v grant_v sound_n may_v mechanical_o cause_v a_o certain_a motion_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n in_o the_o brain_n of_o those_o bird_n whilst_o the_o tune_n be_v actual_o play_v and_o that_o motion_n may_v be_v continue_v on_o to_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o wing_n and_o so_o the_o bird_n mechanical_o be_v drive_v away_o by_o certain_a noise_n because_o this_o may_v tend_v to_o the_o bird_n preservation_n yet_o that_o can_v never_o be_v suppose_v a_o reason_n why_o it_o shall_v cause_v mechanical_o either_o whilst_o the_o tune_n be_v play_v much_o less_o after_o it_o have_v cease_v such_o a_o motion_n in_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o bird_n voice_n as_o shall_v conform_v it_o to_o the_o note_n of_o a_o foreign_a sound_n which_o imitation_n can_v be_v of_o no_o use_n to_o the_o bird_n preservation_n but_o which_o be_v more_o it_o can_v with_o any_o appearance_n of_o reason_n be_v suppose_v much_o less_o prove_v that_o bird_n without_o sense_n and_o memory_n can_v approach_v their_o note_n near_o and_o near_o by_o degree_n to_o a_o tune_n play_v yesterday_o which_o if_o they_o have_v no_o idea_n of_o in_o their_o memory_n be_v now_o nowhere_o nor_o can_v be_v a_o pattern_n for_o they_o to_o imitate_v or_o which_o any_o repeat_v essay_n can_v bring_v they_o near_o to_o snce_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n why_o the_o sound_n of_o a_o pipe_n shall_v leave_v trace_n in_o their_o brain_n which_o not_o at_o first_o but_o by_o their_o after-endeavour_n shall_v produce_v the_o like_a sound_n and_o why_o the_o sound_v they_o make_v themselves_o shall_v not_o make_v trace_n which_o they_o shall_v follow_v as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o the_o pipe_n be_v impossible_a to_o conceive_v chap._n xi_o of_o discern_v and_o other_o operation_n of_o the_o mind_n §_o 1._o another_o faculty_n we_o may_v take_v notice_n of_o in_o our_o mind_n be_v that_o of_o discern_v and_o distinguish_v between_o the_o several_a idea_n it_o have_v it_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o have_v a_o confuse_a perception_n of_o something_o in_o general_n unless_o the_o mind_n have_v a_o distinct_a perception_n of_o different_a object_n and_o their_o quality_n it_o will_v be_v capable_a of_o very_o little_a knowledge_n though_o the_o body_n that_o affect_v we_o be_v as_o busy_a about_o we_o as_o they_o be_v now_o and_o the_o mind_n be_v continual_o employ_v in_o think_v on_o this_o faculty_n of_o distinguish_v one_o thing_n from_o another_o depend_v the_o evidence_n and_o certainty_n of_o several_a even_o very_o general_a proposition_n which_o have_v pass_v for_o innate_a truth_n because_o man_n overlook_a the_o true_a cause_n why_o those_o proposition_n find_v universal_a assent_n impute_v it_o whole_o to_o native_a uniform_a impression_n whereas_o it_o in_o truth_n depend_v upon_o this_o clear_a discern_a faculty_n of_o the_o mind_n whereby_o it_o perceive_v two_o idea_n to_o be_v the_o same_o or_o different_a but_o of_o this_o more_o hereafter_o §_o 2._o how_o much_o the_o imperfection_n of_o accurate_o discriminate_v idea_n one_o from_o another_o lie_v either_o in_o the_o dulness_n or_o fault_n of_o the_o organ_n of_o sense_n or_o want_v of_o accuteness_n exercise_n or_o attention_n in_o the_o understanding_n or_o hastiness_n and_o precipitancy_n natural_a to_o some_o temper_n i_o will_v not_o here_o examine_v it_o suffice_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o operation_n that_o the_o mind_n may_v reflect_v on_o and_o observe_v in_o itself_o it_o be_v of_o that_o consequence_n to_o its_o other_o knowledge_n that_o so_o far_o as_o this_o faculty_n be_v in_o itself_o dull_a or_o not_o right_o make_v use_n of_o for_o the_o distinguish_a one_o thing_n from_o another_o so_o far_o our_o notion_n be_v confuse_v and_o our_o reason_n and_o judgement_n disturb_v or_o mislead_v if_o in_o have_v our_o idea_n in_o the_o memory_n ready_a at_o hand_n consist_v quickness_n of_o part_n in_o this_o of_o have_v they_o unconfused_a and_o be_v able_a nice_o to_o distinguish_v one_o thing_n
supposition_n the_o most_o absurd_a and_o most_o incomprehensible_a of_o all_o other_o so_o far_o be_v our_o extension_n of_o body_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o cohesion_n of_o solid_a part_n from_o be_v clear_a or_o more_o distinct_a when_o we_o will_v inquire_v into_o the_o nature_n cause_n or_o manner_n of_o it_o than_o the_o idea_n of_o think_v §_o 28._o another_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o body_n be_v the_o power_n of_o communication_n of_o motion_n by_o impulse_n and_o of_o our_o soul_n the_o power_n of_o exciting_a of_o motion_n by_o thought_n these_o idea_n the_o one_o of_o body_n the_o other_o of_o our_o mind_n every_o day_n experience_n clear_o furnish_v we_o with_o but_o if_o here_o again_o we_o inquire_v how_o this_o be_v do_v we_o be_v equal_o in_o the_o dark_a for_o in_o the_o communication_n of_o motion_n by_o impulse_n wherein_o as_o much_o motion_n be_v lose_v to_o one_o body_n as_o be_v get_v to_o the_o other_o which_o be_v the_o ordinary_a case_n we_o can_v have_v no_o other_o conception_n but_o of_o the_o pass_n of_o motion_n out_o of_o one_o body_n into_o another_o which_o i_o think_v be_v as_o obscure_v and_o unconceivable_a as_o how_o our_o mind_n move_v or_o stop_v our_o body_n by_o thought_n which_o we_o every_o moment_n find_v they_o do_v the_o increase_n of_o motion_n by_o impulse_n which_o be_v observe_v or_o believe_v sometime_o to_o happen_v be_v yet_o hard_o to_o be_v understand_v we_o have_v by_o daily_a experience_n clear_a evience_n of_o motion_n produce_v both_o by_o impulse_n and_o by_o thought_n but_o the_o manner_n how_o hardly_o come_v within_o our_o comprehension_n we_o be_v qual_o at_o a_o loss_n in_o both_o so_o that_o however_o we_o consider_v motion_n and_o its_o communication_n either_o in_o body_n or_o spirit_n the_o idea_n which_o belong_v to_o spirit_n be_v at_o least_o as_o clear_v as_o that_o that_o belong_v to_o body_n and_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o active_a power_n of_o move_a or_o as_o i_o may_v call_v it_o motivity_n it_o be_v much_o clear_a in_o spirit_n than_o body_n since_o two_o body_n place_v by_o one_o another_o at_o rest_n will_v never_o afford_v we_o the_o idea_n of_o a_o power_n in_o the_o one_o to_o move_v the_o other_o but_o by_o a_o borrow_a motion_n whereas_o the_o mind_n every_o day_n afford_v we_o idea_n of_o a_o active_a power_n of_o move_v of_o body_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v worth_a our_o consideration_n whether_o active_a power_n be_v not_o the_o proper_a attribute_n of_o spirit_n and_o passive_a power_n of_o matter_n but_o be_v that_o as_o it_o will_v i_o think_v we_o have_v as_o many_o and_o as_o clear_a idea_n belong_v to_o spirit_n as_o we_o have_v belong_v to_o body_n the_o substance_n of_o each_o be_v equal_o unknown_a to_o we_o and_o the_o idea_n of_o think_v in_o spirit_n as_o clear_a as_o of_o extension_n in_o body_n and_o the_o communication_n of_o motion_n by_o thought_n which_o we_o attribute_v to_o spirit_n be_v as_o evident_a as_o that_o by_o impulse_n which_o we_o ascribe_v to_o body_n constant_a experience_n make_v we_o sensible_a of_o both_o of_o these_o though_o our_o narrow_a understanding_n can_v comprehend_v neither_o for_o when_o the_o mind_n will_v look_v beyond_o these_o original_a idea_n we_o have_v from_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n and_o penetrate_v into_o their_o cause_n and_o manner_n of_o production_n we_o find_v still_o it_o discover_v nothing_o but_o its_o own_o short-sightedness_n §_o 29._o to_o conclude_v sensation_n convince_v we_o that_o there_o be_v solid_a extend_v substance_n and_o reflection_n that_o there_o be_v think_v one_o experience_n assure_v we_o of_o the_o existence_n of_o such_o being_n and_o that_o the_o one_o have_v a_o power_n to_o move_v body_n by_o impulse_n the_o other_o by_o thought_n this_o we_o can_v doubt_v of_o experience_n i_o say_v every_o moment_n furnish_v we_o with_o the_o clear_a idea_n both_o of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o but_o beyond_o these_o idea_n as_o receive_v from_o their_o proper_a source_n our_o faculty_n will_v not_o reach_v if_o we_o will_v inquire_v far_o into_o their_o nature_n cause_n and_o manner_n we_o perceive_v not_o the_o nature_n of_o extension_n clear_a than_o we_o do_v of_o think_v if_o we_o will_v explain_v they_o any_o far_a one_o be_v as_o easy_a as_o the_o other_o and_o there_o be_v no_o more_o difficulty_n to_o conceive_v how_o a_o substance_n we_o know_v not_o shall_v by_o thought_n set_v body_n into_o motion_n than_o how_o a_o substance_n we_o know_v not_o shall_v by_o impulse_n set_v body_n into_o motion_n so_o that_o we_o be_v no_o more_o able_a to_o discover_v wherein_o the_o idea_n belong_v to_o body_n consist_v than_o those_o belong_v to_o spirit_n from_o whence_o it_o seem_v probable_a to_o i_o that_o the_o simple_a idea_n we_o receive_v from_o sensation_n and_o reflection_n be_v the_o boundary_n of_o our_o thought_n beyond_o which_o the_o mind_n whatever_o effort_n it_o will_v make_v be_v not_o able_a to_o advance_v one_o jot_n nor_o can_v it_o make_v any_o discovery_n when_o it_o will_v pry_v into_o the_o nature_n and_o hide_a cause_n of_o those_o idea_n §_o 30._o so_o that_o in_o short_a the_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o spirit_n compare_v with_o the_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o body_n stand_v thus_o the_o substance_n of_o spirit_n be_v unknown_a to_o we_o and_o so_o be_v the_o substance_n of_o body_n equal_o unknown_a to_o we_o two_o primary_n quality_n or_o property_n of_o body_n viz._n solid_a coherent_a part_n and_o impulse_n we_o have_v distinct_a clear_a idea_n of_o so_o likewise_o we_o know_v and_o have_v distinct_a clear_a idea_n of_o two_o primary_n quality_n or_o property_n of_o spirit_n viz._n think_v and_o a_o pour_v action_n i._n e._n a_o power_n of_o beginning_n or_o stop_v several_a thought_n or_o motion_n we_o have_v also_o the_o idea_n of_o several_a quality_n inherent_a in_o body_n and_o have_v the_o clear_a distinct_a idea_n of_o they_o which_o quality_n be_v but_o the_o various_a modification_n of_o the_o extension_n of_o cohere_v solid_a part_n and_o their_o motion_n we_o have_v likewise_o the_o idea_n of_o the_o several_a mode_n of_o think_v viz._n believe_v doubt_v intend_v fear_v hope_v all_o which_o be_v but_o the_o several_a mode_n of_o think_v we_o have_v also_o the_o idea_n of_o willing_a and_o move_a the_o body_n consequent_a to_o it_o and_o with_o the_o body_n itself_o too_o for_o as_o have_v be_v show_v spirit_n be_v capable_a of_o motion_n §_o 31._o last_o if_o this_o notion_n of_o spirit_n may_v have_v perhaps_o some_o difficulty_n in_o it_o not_o easy_a to_o be_v explain_v we_o have_v thereby_o no_o more_o reason_n to_o deny_v or_o doubt_v the_o existence_n of_o spirit_n than_o we_o have_v to_o deny_v or_o doubt_v the_o existence_n of_o body_n because_o the_o notion_n of_o body_n be_v cumber_v with_o some_o difficulty_n very_o hard_o and_o perhaps_o impossible_a to_o be_v explain_v or_o understand_v by_o we_o for_o i_o will_v fain_o have_v instance_a any_o thing_n in_o our_o notion_n of_o spirit_n more_o perplex_v or_o near_o a_o contradiction_n than_o the_o very_a notion_n of_o body_n include_v in_o it_o the_o divisibility_n in_o infinitum_fw-la of_o any_o finite_a extension_n involve_v we_o whether_o we_o grant_v or_o deny_v it_o in_o consequence_n impossible_a to_o be_v explicate_v or_o make_v consistent_a consequence_n that_o carry_v great_a difficulty_n and_o more_o apparent_a absurdity_n than_o any_o thing_n can_v follow_v from_o the_o notion_n of_o a_o immaterial_a know_a substance_n §_o 32._o which_o we_o be_v not_o at_o all_o to_o wonder_v at_o since_o we_o have_v but_o some_o few_o superficial_a idea_n of_o thing_n discover_v to_o we_o only_o by_o the_o sense_n from_o without_o or_o by_o the_o mind_n reflect_v on_o what_o it_o experiment_n in_o itself_o within_o have_v no_o knowledge_n beyond_o that_o much_o less_o of_o the_o internal_a constitution_n and_o true_a nature_n of_o thing_n be_v destitute_a of_o faculty_n to_o attain_v it_o and_o therefore_o experiment_v and_o discover_v in_o ourselves_o knowledge_n and_o the_o power_n of_o voluntary_a motion_n as_o certain_o as_o we_o experiment_n or_o discover_v in_o thing_n without_o we_o the_o cohesion_n and_o separation_n of_o solid_a part_n which_o be_v the_o extension_n and_o motion_n of_o body_n we_o have_v as_o much_o reason_n to_o be_v satisfy_v with_o our_o notion_n of_o spirit_n as_o with_o our_o notion_n of_o body_n and_o the_o existence_n of_o the_o one_o as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o for_o it_o be_v no_o more_o a_o contradiction_n that_o think_v shall_v exist_v separate_v and_o independent_a from_o solidity_n than_o it_o be_v a_o contradiction_n that_o solidity_n shall_v exist_v separate_a and_o independent_a from_o think_v they_o be_v both_o but_o simple_a idea_n independent_a one_o
i_o plain_o perceive_v i_o can_v discover_v the_o far_a i_o can_v go_v be_v only_o to_o presume_v that_o it_o be_v nothing_o but_o body_n its_o real_a essence_n or_o internal_a constitution_n on_o which_o these_o quality_n depend_v can_v be_v nothing_o but_o the_o figure_n size_n and_o connexion_n of_o its_o solid_a part_n of_o neither_o of_o which_o i_o have_v any_o distinct_a perception_n at_o all_o i_o can_v have_v no_o idea_n of_o its_o real_a essence_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o it_o have_v that_o particular_a shine_a yellowness_n a_o great_a weight_n than_o any_o thing_n i_o know_v of_o the_o same_o bulk_n and_o a_o fitness_n to_o have_v its_o colour_n change_v by_o the_o touch_n of_o quicksilver_n if_o any_o one_o will_v say_v that_o the_o real_a essence_n and_o internal_a constitution_n on_o which_o these_o property_n depend_v be_v not_o the_o figure_n size_n and_o arangement_n or_o connexion_n of_o its_o solid_a part_n but_o something_o else_o call_v its_o particular_a form_n i_o be_o far_a from_o have_v any_o idea_n of_o its_o real_a essence_n than_o i_o be_v before_o for_o i_o have_v a_o idea_n of_o figure_n size_n and_o situation_n of_o solid_a part_n in_o general_a though_o i_o have_v none_o of_o the_o particular_a figure_n size_n or_o put_v together_o of_o part_n whereby_o the_o quality_n abovementioned_a be_v produce_v which_o quality_n i_o find_v in_o that_o particular_a parcel_n of_o matter_n that_o be_v on_o my_o finger_n and_o not_o in_o another_o parcel_n of_o matter_n with_o which_o i_o cut_v the_o pen_n i_o write_v with_o but_o when_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o something_o beside_o the_o figure_n size_n and_o posture_n of_o the_o solid_a part_n of_o that_o body_n be_v its_o essence_n something_o call_v substantial_a form_n of_o that_o i_o confess_v i_o have_v no_o idea_n at_o all_o but_o only_o of_o the_o sound_a form_n which_o be_v far_o enough_o from_o a_o idea_n of_o its_o real_a essence_n or_o constitution_n the_o like_a ignorance_n as_o i_o have_v of_o the_o real_a essence_n of_o this_o particular_a substance_n i_o have_v also_o of_o the_o real_a essence_n of_o all_o other_o natural_a one_o of_o which_o essence_n i_o confess_v i_o have_v no_o distinct_a idea_n at_o all_o and_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o suppose_v other_o when_o they_o examine_v their_o own_o knowledge_n will_v find_v in_o themselves_o in_o this_o one_o point_n the_o same_o sort_n of_o ignorance_n §_o 7._o now_o then_o when_o man_n apply_v to_o this_o particular_a parcel_n of_o matter_n on_o my_o finger_n a_o general_a name_n already_o in_o use_n and_o denominate_v it_o gold_n do_v they_o not_o ordinary_o or_o be_v they_o not_o understand_v to_o give_v it_o that_o name_n as_o belong_v to_o a_o particular_a species_n of_o body_n have_v a_o real_a internal_a essence_n by_o have_v of_o which_o essence_n this_o particular_a substance_n come_v to_o be_v of_o that_o species_n and_o to_o be_v call_v by_o that_o name_n if_o it_o be_v so_o as_o it_o be_v plain_a it_o be_v the_o name_n by_o which_o thing_n be_v mark_v as_o have_v that_o essence_n must_v be_v refer_v primary_o to_o that_o essence_n and_o consequent_o the_o idea_n to_o which_o that_o name_n be_v give_v must_v be_v refer_v also_o to_o that_o essence_n and_o be_v intend_v to_o represent_v it_o which_o essence_n since_o they_o who_o so_o use_v the_o name_n know_v not_o their_o idea_n of_o substance_n must_v be_v all_o inadequate_a in_o that_o respect_n as_o not_o contain_v in_o they_o that_o real_a essence_n which_o the_o mind_n intend_v they_o shall_v §_o 8._o second_o those_o who_o neglect_v that_o useless_a supposition_n of_o unknown_a real_a essence_n whereby_o they_o be_v distinguish_v endeavour_v to_o copy_v the_o substance_n that_o exist_v in_o the_o world_n by_o put_v together_o the_o idea_n of_o those_o sensible_a quality_n which_o be_v sound_v co-existing_a in_o they_o though_o they_o come_v much_o near_o a_o likeness_n of_o they_o than_o those_o who_o imagine_v they_o know_v not_o what_o real_a specific_a essence_n yet_o they_o arrive_v not_o at_o perfect_o adequate_a idea_n of_o those_o substance_n they_o will_v thus_o copy_v into_o their_o mind_n nor_o do_v those_o copy_n exact_o and_o full_o contain_v all_o that_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o their_o archetype_n because_o those_o quality_n and_o power_n of_o substance_n whereof_o we_o make_v their_o complex_fw-la idea_n be_v so_o many_o and_o various_a that_o no_o man_n complex_fw-la idea_n contain_v they_o all_o that_o our_o abstract_n idea_n of_o substance_n do_v not_o contain_v in_o they_o all_o the_o simple_a idea_n that_o be_v unite_v in_o the_o thing_n themselves_o be_v evident_a in_o that_o man_n do_v rare_o put_v into_o their_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o any_o substance_n all_o the_o simple_a idea_n they_o do_v know_v to_o exist_v in_o it_o because_o endeavour_v to_o make_v the_o signification_n of_o their_o specific_a name_n as_o clear_v and_o as_o little_a cumbersome_a as_o they_o can_v they_o make_v their_o specific_a idea_n of_o the_o sort_n of_o substance_n for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o a_o few_o of_o those_o simple_a idea_n which_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o they_o but_o these_o have_v no_o original_a precedency_n or_o right_o to_o be_v put_v in_o and_o make_v the_o specific_a idea_n more_o than_o other_o that_o be_v leave_v out_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o both_o these_o way_n our_o idea_n of_o substance_n be_v deficient_a and_o inadequate_a the_o simple_a idea_n whereof_o we_o make_v our_o complex_fw-la one_o of_o substance_n be_v all_o of_o they_o baâ—ing_v only_o the_o figure_n and_o bulk_n of_o some_o sort_n power_n which_o be_v relation_n to_o other_o substancesâ—_n we_o can_v never_o be_v sure_a we_o know_v all_o the_o power_n that_o be_v in_o any_o one_o body_n till_o we_o have_v try_v what_o change_v it_o be_v fit_v to_o give_v to_o or_o receive_v from_o other_o substance_n in_o their_o several_a way_n of_o application_n which_o be_v impossible_a to_o be_v try_v upon_o any_o one_o body_n much_o less_o upon_o all_o it_o be_v impossible_a we_o shall_v have_v adequate_a idea_n of_o any_o substance_n make_v up_o of_o a_o collection_n of_o all_o its_o property_n §_o 9_o whosoever_o first_o light_n on_o a_o parcel_n of_o that_o sort_n of_o substance_n we_o denote_v by_o the_o word_n gold_n can_v not_o rational_o take_v the_o bulk_n and_o figure_n he_o observe_v in_o that_o lump_n to_o depend_v on_o its_o real_a essence_n on_o its_o internal_a constitution_n therefore_o those_o never_o go_v into_o his_o idea_n of_o that_o species_n of_o body_n but_o its_o peculiar_a colour_n perhaps_o and_o weight_n be_v the_o first_o he_o abstract_v from_o it_o to_o make_v the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o that_o species_n which_o bothâ—_n be_v but_o power_n the_o one_o to_o affect_v our_o eye_n after_o such_o a_o manner_n and_o to_o produce_v in_o we_o that_o idea_n we_o call_v yellow_a and_o the_o other_o to_o force_v upward_o any_o other_o body_n of_o equal_a bulk_n they_o be_v put_v into_o a_o pair_n of_o equal_a scale_n one_o against_o another_o another_o perhaps_o add_v to_o these_o the_o idea_n of_o fusibility_n and_o fixedness_n two_o other_o passive_a power_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o operation_n of_o fire_n upon_o it_o another_o its_o ductility_n and_o solubility_n in_o aq._n regia_n two_o other_o power_n relate_v to_o the_o operation_n of_o other_o body_n in_o change_v its_o outward_a figure_n or_o separation_n of_o it_o into_o sensible_a part_n these_o or_o part_n of_o these_o put_v together_o usual_o make_v the_o complex_fw-la idea_n in_o man_n mind_n of_o that_o sort_n of_o body_n we_o call_v gold_n §_o 10._o but_o no_o one_o who_o have_v consider_v the_o property_n of_o body_n in_o general_a or_o this_o sort_n in_o particular_a can_v doubt_v that_o this_o call_v gold_n have_v infinite_a other_o property_n not_o contain_v in_o that_o complex_fw-la idea_n some_o who_o have_v examine_v this_o species_n more_o accurate_o can_v i_o believe_v enumerate_v ten_o time_n as_o many_o property_n in_o gold_n all_o of_o they_o as_o inseparable_a from_o its_o internal_a constitution_n as_o its_o colour_n or_o weight_n and_o it_o be_v probable_a if_o any_o one_o know_v all_o the_o property_n that_o be_v by_o divers_a man_n know_v of_o this_o metal_n there_o will_v a_o hundred_o time_n as_o many_o idea_n go_v to_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o gold_n as_o any_o one_o man_n yet_o have_v in_o he_o and_o yet_o that_o not_o perhaps_o be_v the_o thousand_o part_n of_o what_o be_v to_o be_v discover_v in_o it_o the_o change_n that_o that_o one_o body_n be_v apt_a to_o receive_v and_o make_v in_o other_o body_n upon_o a_o due_a application_n exceed_v far_o not_o only_o what_o we_o know_v but_o what_o we_o be_v apt_a to_o imagine_v which_o will_v
say_v that_o body_n move_v let_v we_o say_v that_o extension_n move_v and_o see_v how_o it_o will_v look_v and_o he_o that_o shall_v say_v that_o one_o extension_n by_o impulse_n move_v another_o extension_n will_v by_o the_o bare_a expression_n sufficient_o show_v the_o absurdity_n of_o such_o a_o notion_n the_o essence_n of_o any_o thing_n in_o respect_n of_o we_o be_v the_o whole_a complex_fw-la idea_n comprehend_v and_o mark_v by_o that_o name_n and_o in_o substance_n beside_o the_o several_a distinct_a simple_a idea_n that_o make_v they_o up_o the_o confuse_a one_o of_o substance_n or_o of_o a_o unknown_a support_n and_o cause_n of_o their_o union_n be_v always_o a_o part_n and_o therefore_o the_o essence_n of_o body_n be_v not_o bare_a extension_n but_o a_o extend_a solid_a thing_n and_o so_o to_o say_v a_o extend_a solid_a thing_n move_v or_o impel_v another_o be_v all_o one_o and_o as_o intelligible_a as_o to_o say_v body_n move_v or_o impel_v likewise_o to_o say_v that_o a_o rational_a animal_n be_v capable_a of_o conversation_n be_v all_o one_o as_o to_o say_v a_o man._n but_o no_o one_o will_v say_v that_o rationality_n be_v capable_a of_o conversation_n because_o it_o make_v not_o the_o whole_a essence_n to_o which_o we_o give_v the_o name_n man._n §_o 22._o there_o be_v creature_n in_o the_o world_n that_o have_v shape_n like_o we_o but_o be_v hairy_a and_o want_v language_n and_o reason_n there_o be_v natural_n among_o we_o that_o have_v perfect_o our_o shape_n but_o want_v reason_n and_o some_o of_o they_o language_n too_o there_o be_v creature_n as_o it_o be_v say_v sit_fw-la fides_fw-la penes_fw-la authorem_fw-la but_o there_o appear_v no_o contradiction_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v such_o that_o with_o language_n and_o reason_n and_o a_o shape_n in_o other_o thing_n agree_v with_o we_o have_v hairy_a tail_n other_o where_o the_o male_n have_v no_o beard_n and_o other_o where_o the_o female_n have_v if_o it_o be_v ask_v whether_o these_o be_v all_o man_n or_o no_o all_o of_o (null)_o species_n it_o be_v plain_a the_o question_n refer_v only_o to_o the_o nominal_a essence_n for_o those_o to_o who_o the_o definition_n of_o the_o word_n man_n or_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n signify_v by_o that_o name_n agree_v they_o be_v man_n and_o the_o other_o not_o but_o if_o the_o enquiry_n be_v make_v concern_v the_o suppose_a real_a essence_n and_o whether_o the_o internal_a constitution_n and_o frame_n of_o these_o several_a creature_n be_v specifical_o different_a it_o be_v whole_o impossible_a for_o we_o to_o answer_v no_o part_n of_o that_o go_n into_o our_o specific_a idea_n only_o we_o have_v reason_n to_o think_v that_o where_o the_o faculty_n or_o outward_a frame_n so_o much_o differ_v the_o internal_a constitution_n be_v not_o exact_o the_o same_o but_o what_o difference_n in_o the_o internal_a real_a constitution_n make_v a_o specific_a difference_n be_v in_o vain_a to_o inquire_v whilst_o our_o measure_n of_o species_n be_v as_o they_o be_v only_o our_o abstract_n idea_n which_o we_o know_v and_o not_o that_o internal_a constitution_n which_o make_v no_o part_n of_o they_o shall_v the_o difference_n of_o hair_n only_o on_o the_o skin_n be_v a_o mark_n of_o a_o different_a internal_a specific_a constitution_n between_o a_o changeling_n and_o a_o drill_n when_o they_o agree_v in_o shape_n and_o want_v of_o reason_n and_o speech_n and_o shall_v not_o the_o want_n of_o reason_n and_o speech_n be_v a_o sign_n to_o we_o of_o different_a real_a constitution_n and_o species_n between_o a_o changeling_n and_o a_o reasonable_a man_n and_o so_o of_o the_o rest_n if_o we_o pretend_v that_o the_o distinction_n of_o species_n be_v fix_o establish_v by_o the_o real_a frame_n and_o secret_a constitution_n of_o thing_n §_o 23._o nor_o let_v any_o one_o say_v that_o the_o real_a species_n of_o animal_n be_v distinguish_v by_o a_o power_n of_o propagation_n by_o the_o mixture_n of_o male_a and_o female_a and_o plant_n by_o seed_n for_o this_o will_v help_v we_o no_o far_o than_o in_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o species_n of_o animal_n and_o vegetable_n what_o must_v we_o do_v for_o the_o rest_n nor_o be_v it_o sufficient_a in_o they_o for_o if_o history_n lie_v not_o woman_n have_v conceive_v by_o drill_v and_o what_o real_a species_n by_o that_o measure_n such_o a_o production_n will_v be_v in_o nature_n will_v be_v a_o new_a question_n and_o we_o have_v reason_n to_o think_v this_o not_o impossible_a since_o mule_n and_o gimar_n the_o one_o from_o the_o mixture_n of_o a_o horse_n and_o a_o ass_n the_o other_o from_o the_o mixture_n of_o a_o bull_n and_o a_o mare_n be_v so_o frequent_a in_o the_o world_n i_o once_o see_v a_o creature_n that_o be_v the_o issue_n of_o a_o cat_n and_o a_o rat_n and_o have_v the_o plain_a mark_n of_o both_o about_o it_o wherein_o nature_n appear_v to_o have_v follow_v the_o pattern_n of_o neither_o sort_n alone_o but_o to_o have_v jumble_v they_o both_o together_o §_o 24._o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o it_o be_v their_o own_o collection_n of_o sensible_a quality_n that_o man_n make_v the_o essence_n of_o their_o several_a sort_n of_o substance_n and_o that_o their_o real_a internal_a structure_n be_v not_o consider_v by_o the_o great_a part_n of_o man_n in_o the_o sort_v they_o much_o less_o any_o substantial_a form_n be_v ever_o think_v on_o by_o any_o but_o those_o who_o have_v in_o this_o one_o part_n of_o the_o world_n learn_v the_o language_n of_o the_o school_n and_o yet_o those_o ignorant_a man_n who_o pretend_v not_o any_o insight_n into_o the_o real_a essence_n nor_o trouble_v themselves_o about_o substantial_a form_n but_o be_v content_a with_o know_v thing_n one_o from_o another_o by_o their_o sensible_a quality_n be_v often_o better_o acquaint_v with_o their_o difference_n can_v more_o nice_o distinguish_v they_o for_o their_o use_n and_o better_o know_v what_o they_o may_v expect_v from_o each_o than_o those_o learned_a quick-sighted_a man_n who_o look_v so_o deep_a into_o they_o and_o talk_v so_o confident_o of_o something_o more_o hide_v and_o essential_a §_o 25._o but_o suppose_v that_o the_o real_a essence_n of_o substance_n be_v discoverable_a by_o those_o that_o will_v severe_o apply_v themselves_o to_o that_o enquiry_n yet_o we_o can_v not_o reasonable_o think_v that_o the_o rank_v of_o thing_n under_o general_a name_n be_v regulate_v by_o those_o internal_a real_a constitution_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o but_o their_o obvious_a appearance_n since_o language_n in_o all_o country_n have_v be_v establish_v long_o before_o science_n so_o that_o they_o have_v not_o be_v philosopher_n or_o logician_n or_o such_o who_o have_v trouble_v themselves_o about_o form_n and_o essence_n that_o have_v make_v the_o general_a name_n that_o be_v in_o use_n among_o the_o severel_n nation_n of_o man_n but_o those_o more_o or_o less_o comprehensive_a term_n have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o all_o language_n receive_v their_o birth_n and_o signification_n from_o ignorant_a and_o illiterate_a people_n who_o sort_v and_o denominate_v thing_n by_o those_o sensible_a quality_n they_o find_v in_o they_o thereby_o to_o signify_v they_o when_o absent_a to_o other_o whether_o they_o have_v a_o occasion_n to_o mention_v a_o sort_n or_o a_o particular_a thing_n §_o 25._o since_o than_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o we_o sort_n and_o name_n substance_n by_o their_o nominal_a and_o not_o by_o their_o real_a essence_n the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v how_o and_o by_o who_o these_o essence_n come_v to_o be_v make_v as_o to_o the_o latter_a it_o be_v evident_a they_o be_v make_v by_o the_o mind_n and_o not_o by_o nature_n for_o be_v they_o nature_n workmanship_n they_o can_v not_o be_v so_o various_a and_o different_a in_o several_a man_n as_o it_o be_v evident_a they_o be_v for_o if_o we_o will_v examine_v it_o we_o shall_v not_o find_v the_o nominal_a essence_n of_o any_o one_o species_n of_o substance_n in_o all_o man_n the_o same_o no_o not_o of_o that_o which_o of_o all_o other_o we_o be_v the_o most_o intimate_o acquaint_v with_o it_o can_v not_o possible_o be_v that_o the_o abstract_n idea_n to_o which_o the_o name_n man_n be_v give_v shall_v be_v different_a in_o several_a man_n if_o it_o be_v of_o nature_n make_v and_o that_o to_o one_o it_o shall_v be_v animal_n rationale_fw-la and_o to_o another_o animal_n implume_v bipe_n latis_fw-la unguibus_fw-la he_o that_o annex_v the_o name_n man_n to_o a_o complex_fw-la idea_n make_v up_o of_o sense_n and_o spontaneous_a motion_n join_v to_o a_o body_n of_o such_o a_o shape_n have_v thereby_o one_o essence_n of_o the_o species_n man_n and_o he_o that_o upon_o far_a examination_n add_v rationality_n have_v another_o essence_n of_o the_o species_n he_o call_v man_n by_o which_o mean_n
not_o seek_v long_o for_o instance_n of_o his_o ignorance_n the_o mean_a and_o most_o obvious_a thing_n that_o come_v in_o our_o way_n have_v dark_a side_n that_o the_o quick_a sight_n can_v penetrate_v into_o the_o clear_a and_o most_o enlarge_a understanding_n of_o think_v man_n find_v themselves_o puzzle_v and_o at_o a_o loss_n in_o every_o particle_n of_o matter_n which_o we_o shall_v the_o less_o wonder_n at_o when_o we_o consider_v the_o cause_n of_o our_o ignorance_n which_o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v i_o suppose_v will_v be_v find_v to_o be_v chief_o these_o three_o first_o want_v of_o idea_n second_o want_v of_o a_o discoverable_a connexion_n between_o the_o idea_n we_o have_v three_o want_v of_o trace_v and_o examine_v our_o idea_n §_o 23._o first_o there_o be_v some_o thing_n and_o those_o not_o a_o few_o that_o we_o be_v ignorant_a of_o for_o want_v of_o idea_n first_o all_o the_o simple_a idea_n we_o have_v be_v confine_v as_o i_o have_v show_v to_o the_o observation_n of_o our_o sense_n and_o the_o operation_n of_o our_o own_o mind_n that_o we_o be_v conscious_a of_o in_o ourselves_o but_o how_o much_o these_o few_o and_o narrow_a â—nlets_n be_v disproportionate_a to_o the_o vast_a whole_a extent_n of_o all_o being_n will_v not_o be_v hard_a to_o persuade_v those_o who_o be_v not_o so_o foolish_a as_o to_o think_v their_o span_n the_o measure_n of_o all_o thing_n what_o other_o simple_a idea_n it_o be_v possible_a the_o creature_n in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o universe_n may_v have_v by_o the_o assistence_n of_o sense_n and_o faculty_n more_o or_o perfect_a than_o we_o have_v or_o different_a from_o we_o it_o be_v not_o for_o we_o to_o determine_v but_o to_o say_v or_o think_v there_o be_v no_o such_o because_o we_o conceive_v nothing_o of_o they_o be_v no_o better_a a_o argument_n than_o if_o a_o blind_a man_n shall_v be_v positive_a in_o it_o that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o sight_n and_o colour_n because_o he_o have_v no_o manner_n of_o idea_n of_o any_o such_o thing_n nor_o can_v by_o any_o mean_n frame_v to_o himself_o any_o notion_n about_o see_v the_o ignorance_n and_o darkness_n that_o be_v in_o we_o no_o more_o hinder_v nor_o confine_v the_o knowledge_n that_o be_v in_o other_o than_o the_o blindness_n of_o a_o mole_n be_v a_o argument_n against_o the_o quick_a sightedness_n of_o a_o eagle_n he_o that_o will_v consider_v the_o infinite_a power_n wisdom_n and_o goodness_n of_o the_o creator_n of_o all_o thing_n will_v find_v reason_n to_o think_v it_o be_v not_o all_o lay_v out_o upon_o so_o inconsiderable_a mean_a and_o impotent_a a_o creature_n as_o he_o will_v find_v man_n to_o be_v who_o in_o all_o probability_n be_v one_o of_o the_o low_a of_o all_o intellectual_a being_n what_o faculty_n therefore_o other_o species_n of_o creature_n have_v to_o penetrate_v into_o the_o nature_n and_o inmost_a constitution_n of_o thing_n what_o idea_n they_o may_v receive_v of_o they_o far_o different_a from_o we_o we_o know_v not_o this_o we_o know_v and_o certain_o find_v that_o we_o want_v several_a other_o view_v of_o they_o beside_o those_o we_o have_v to_o make_v discovery_n of_o they_o more_o perfect_a and_o we_o may_v be_v convince_v that_o the_o idea_n we_o can_v attain_v to_o by_o our_o faculty_n be_v very_o disproportionate_a to_o thing_n themselves_o when_o a_o positive_a clear_a distinct_a one_o of_o substance_n itself_o which_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v conceal_v from_o we_o but_o want_v of_o idea_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v a_o part_n as_o well_o as_o cause_n of_o our_o ignorance_n can_v be_v describe_v only_o this_o i_o think_v i_o may_v confident_o say_v of_o it_o that_o the_o intellectual_a and_o sensible_a world_n be_v in_o this_o perfect_o alike_o that_o that_o part_n which_o we_o see_v of_o either_o of_o they_o hold_v no_o proportion_n with_o what_o we_o see_v not_o and_o whatsoever_o we_o can_v reach_v with_o our_o eye_n or_o our_o thought_n of_o either_o of_o they_o be_v but_o a_o point_n almost_o nothing_o in_o comparison_n of_o the_o rest_n §_o 24._o second_o another_o great_a cause_n of_o ignorance_n be_v the_o want_n of_o idea_n we_o be_v capable_a of_o as_o the_o want_n of_o idea_n which_o our_o faculty_n be_v not_o able_a to_o give_v we_o shut_v we_o whole_o from_o those_o view_v of_o thing_n which_o it_o be_v reasonable_a to_o think_v other_o perfect_a being_n than_o we_o have_v of_o which_o we_o know_v nothing_o so_o the_o want_n of_o idea_n i_o now_o speak_v of_o keep_v we_o in_o ignorance_n of_o thing_n we_o conceive_v capable_a of_o be_v know_v to_o we_o bulk_n figure_n and_o motion_n we_o have_v idea_n of_o but_o though_o we_o be_v not_o without_o idea_n of_o these_o primary_n quality_n of_o body_n in_o general_a yet_o not_o know_v what_o be_v the_o particular_a bulk_n figure_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o universe_n we_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o several_a power_n efficacy_n and_o way_n of_o operation_n whereby_o the_o effect_n we_o daily_o see_v be_v produce_v these_o be_v hide_v from_o we_o in_o some_o thing_n by_o be_v too_o remote_a and_o in_o other_o by_o be_v too_o minute_n when_o we_o consider_v the_o vast_a distance_n of_o the_o know_a and_o visible_a part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o the_o reason_n we_o have_v to_o think_v that_o what_o lie_v within_o our_o ken_n be_v but_o a_o small_a part_n of_o the_o immense_a universe_n we_o shall_v then_o discover_v a_o huge_a abyss_n of_o ignorance_n what_o be_v the_o particular_a fabric_n of_o the_o great_a mass_n of_o matter_n which_o make_v up_o the_o whole_a stupendous_a frame_n of_o corporeal_a being_n how_o far_o they_o be_v extend_v what_o be_v their_o motion_n and_o how_o continue_v or_o communicate_v and_o what_o influence_n they_o have_v one_o upon_o another_o be_v contemplation_n that_o at_o first_o glimpse_n our_o thought_n lose_v themselves_o in_o if_o we_o narrow_a our_o contemplation_n and_o confine_v our_o thought_n to_o this_o little_a canton_n i_o mean_v this_o system_fw-la of_o our_o sun_n and_o the_o grosser_n mass_n of_o matter_n that_o visible_o move_v about_o it_o what_o several_a sort_n of_o vegetable_n animal_n and_o intellectual_a corporeal_a being_n infinite_o different_a from_o those_o of_o our_o little_a spot_n of_o earth_n may_v probable_o be_v in_o the_o other_o planet_n to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o which_o even_o of_o their_o outward_a figure_n and_o part_n we_o can_v no_o way_n attain_v whilst_o we_o be_v confine_v to_o this_o earth_n there_o be_v no_o natural_a mean_n either_o by_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n to_o convey_v their_o certain_a idea_n into_o our_o mind_n they_o be_v out_o of_o the_o reach_n of_o those_o inlet_n of_o all_o our_o knowledge_n and_o what_o sort_n of_o furniture_n and_o inhabitant_n those_o mansion_n contain_v in_o they_o we_o can_v so_o much_o as_o guess_v much_o less_o have_v clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n of_o they_o §_o 25._o if_o a_o great_a nay_o for_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o several_a rank_n of_o body_n in_o the_o universe_n escape_v our_o notice_n by_o their_o remoteness_n there_o be_v other_o that_o be_v no_o less_o conceal_v from_o we_o by_o their_o minuteness_n these_o insensible_a corpuscle_n be_v the_o active_a part_n of_o matter_n and_o the_o great_a instrument_n of_o nature_n on_o which_o depend_v not_o only_o all_o their_o secondary_a quality_n but_o also_o most_o of_o their_o natural_a operation_n our_o want_n of_o precise_a distinct_a idea_n of_o their_o primary_n quality_n keep_v we_o in_o a_o uncureable_a ignorance_n of_o what_o we_o desire_v to_o know_v about_o they_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o if_o we_o can_v discover_v the_o figure_n size_n connexion_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o minute_n constituent_a part_n of_o any_o two_o body_n we_o shall_v know_v without_o trial_n several_a of_o their_o operation_n one_o upon_o another_o as_o we_o do_v now_o the_o property_n of_o a_o square_a or_o a_o triangle_n and_o we_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o tell_v before_o hand_n that_o rhubarb_n will_v purge_v hemlock_n kill_v and_o opium_n make_v a_o man_n sleep_n as_o well_o as_o a_o watchmaker_n do_v that_o a_o little_a piece_n of_o paper_n lay_v on_o the_o balance_n will_v keep_v the_o watch_n from_o go_v till_o it_o be_v remove_v or_o that_o some_o small_a part_n of_o it_o be_v rub_v by_o a_o file_n the_o machine_n will_v quite_o lose_v its_o motion_n and_o the_o watch_n go_v no_o more_o do_v we_o know_v the_o mechanical_a affection_n of_o the_o particle_n of_o rhubarb_n hemlock_n opium_n and_o a_o man_n as_o a_o watchmaker_n do_v those_o of_o a_o watch_n whereby_o it_o perform_v all_o its_o operation_n and_o of_o a_o file_n which_o by_o rub_v on_o they_o will_v alter_v
nor_o can_v we_o conceive_v this_o relation_n this_o connexion_n of_o these_o two_o idea_n to_o be_v possible_o mutable_a or_o depend_v on_o any_o arbitrary_a power_n which_o of_o choice_n make_v it_o thus_o or_o can_v make_v it_o otherwise_o but_o the_o coherence_n and_o continuity_n of_o the_o part_n of_o matter_n the_o production_n of_o sensation_n in_o we_o of_o colour_n and_o sound_n etc._n etc._n by_o impulse_n and_o motion_n nay_o the_o original_a rule_n and_o communication_n of_o motion_n be_v such_o wherein_o we_o can_v discover_v no_o natural_a connexion_n with_o any_o idea_n we_o have_v we_o can_v but_o ascribe_v they_o to_o the_o arbitrary_a will_n and_o good_a pleasure_n of_o the_o wise_a architect_n i_o need_v not_o i_o think_v here_o mention_v the_o resurrection_n of_o our_o body_n the_o future_a state_n of_o this_o globe_n of_o earth_n and_o such_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v by_o every_o one_o acknowledge_v to_o depend_v whole_o on_o the_o determination_n of_o a_o free_a agent_n the_o thing_n that_o as_o far_o as_o our_o observation_n reach_v we_o constant_o find_v to_o proceed_v regular_o we_o may_v conclude_v do_v act_n by_o a_o law_n set_v they_o but_o yet_o a_o law_n that_o we_o know_v not_o whereby_o though_o cause_n work_v steady_o and_o effect_n constant_o flow_v from_o they_o yet_o their_o connexion_n and_o dependency_n be_v not_o discoverable_a in_o our_o idea_n we_o can_v have_v but_o a_o experimental_a knowledge_n of_o they_o from_o all_o which_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o perceive_v what_o a_o darkness_n we_o be_v involve_v in_o how_o little_a it_o be_v of_o be_v and_o the_o thing_n that_o be_v that_o we_o be_v capable_a to_o know_v and_o therefore_o we_o shall_v do_v no_o injury_n to_o our_o knowledge_n when_o we_o modest_o think_v with_o ourselves_o that_o we_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v able_a to_o comprehend_v the_o whole_a nature_n of_o the_o universe_n and_o all_o the_o thing_n contain_v in_o it_o that_o we_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o a_o philosophical_a knowledge_n of_o the_o body_n that_o be_v about_o we_o and_o make_v a_o part_n of_o we_o concern_v their_o secundary_a quality_n power_n and_o operation_n we_o can_v have_v no_o universal_a certainty_n several_a effect_n come_v every_o day_n within_o the_o notice_n of_o our_o sense_n of_o which_o we_o have_v so_o far_o sensitive_a knowledge_n but_o the_o cause_n manner_n and_o certainty_n of_o their_o production_n for_o the_o two_o forego_v reason_n we_o must_v be_v content_a to_o be_v ignorant_a of_o in_o these_o we_o can_v go_v no_o far_o than_o particular_a experience_n inform_v we_o of_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o by_o analogy_n to_o guess_v what_o effect_n the_o like_a body_n be_v upon_o other_o trial_n like_a to_o produce_v but_o as_o to_o a_o perfect_a science_n of_o natural_a body_n not_o to_o mention_v spiritual_a being_n we_o be_v i_o think_v so_o far_o from_o be_v capable_a of_o any_o such_o thing_n that_o i_o conclude_v it_o lose_v labour_n to_o seek_v after_o it_o §_o 30._o three_o where_o we_o have_v adequate_a idea_n and_o where_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a and_o discoverable_a connexion_n between_o they_o yet_o we_o be_v often_o ignorant_a for_o want_v of_o trace_v those_o idea_n we_o have_v or_o may_v have_v and_o find_v out_o those_o intermediate_v idea_n which_o may_v show_v we_o what_o habitude_n of_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n they_o have_v one_o with_o another_o and_o thus_o many_o be_v ignorant_a of_o mathematical_a truth_n not_o out_o of_o any_o imperfection_n of_o their_o faculty_n or_o uncertainty_n in_o the_o thing_n themselves_o but_o for_o want_v of_o application_n in_o acquire_v examine_v and_o by_o due_a way_n compare_v those_o idea_n that_o which_o have_v most_o contribute_v to_o hinder_v the_o due_a trace_v of_o our_o idea_n and_o find_v out_o their_o relation_n and_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n one_o with_o another_o have_v be_v i_o suppose_v the_o ill_a use_n of_o word_n it_o be_v impossible_a that_o man_n shall_v ever_o true_o seek_v or_o certain_o discover_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o idea_n themselves_o whilst_o their_o thought_n flutter_v about_o or_o stick_v only_o in_o sound_n of_o doubtful_a and_o uncertain_a signification_n mathematician_n abstract_v their_o thought_n from_o name_n and_o accustom_v themselves_o to_o set_v before_o their_o mind_n the_o idea_n themselves_o that_o they_o will_v consider_v and_o not_o sound_v instead_o of_o they_o have_v avoid_v thereby_o a_o great_a part_n of_o that_o perplexity_n pudder_a and_o confusion_n which_o have_v so_o much_o hinder_v man_n progress_n in_o other_o part_n of_o knowledge_n who_o stick_v in_o word_n of_o undetermined_a and_o uncertain_a signification_n be_v unable_a to_o distinguish_v true_a from_o false_a certain_a from_o probable_a consistent_a from_o inconsistent_a in_o their_o own_o opinion_n whereby_o the_o increase_n bring_v into_o the_o stock_n of_o real_a knowledge_n have_v be_v very_o little_a in_o proportion_n to_o the_o school_n dispute_n and_o write_n the_o world_n have_v be_v fill_v with_o whilst_o man_n be_v lose_v in_o the_o great_a wood_n of_o word_n know_v not_o whereabout_o they_o be_v how_o far_o their_o discovery_n be_v advance_v or_o what_o be_v want_v in_o their_o own_o or_o the_o general_a stock_n of_o knowledge_n have_v man_n in_o their_o discovery_n of_o the_o material_a do_v as_o they_o have_v in_o those_o of_o the_o intellectual_a world_n involve_v all_o in_o the_o obscurity_n of_o uncertain_a and_o doubtful_a term_n and_o way_n of_o talk_v volume_n write_v of_o navigation_n and_o voyage_n theory_n and_o story_n of_o zone_n and_o tide_n multiply_v and_o dispute_v nay_o ship_n build_v and_o fleet_n set_v out_o will_v never_o have_v teach_v we_o the_o way_n beyond_o the_o line_n and_o the_o antipode_n will_v be_v still_o as_o much_o unknown_a as_o when_o it_o be_v declare_v heresy_n to_o hold_v there_o be_v any_o but_o have_v speak_v sufficient_o of_o word_n and_o the_o ill_a or_o careless_a use_n that_o be_v common_o make_v of_o they_o i_o shall_v not_o say_v any_o thing_n more_o of_o it_o here_o §_o 31._o hitherto_o we_o have_v examine_v the_o extent_n of_o our_o knowledge_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o being_n that_n be_v there_o be_v another_o extent_n of_o it_o in_o respect_n of_o universality_n which_o will_v also_o deserve_v to_o be_v consider_v and_o in_o this_o regard_n our_o knowledge_n follow_v the_o nature_n of_o our_o idea_n if_o the_o idea_n be_v abstract_a who_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n we_o perceive_v our_o knowledge_n be_v universal_a for_o what_o be_v know_v of_o such_o general_a idea_n will_v be_v true_a of_o every_o particular_a thing_n in_o who_o that_o essence_n i._n e._n that_o abstract_a idea_n be_v to_o be_v find_v and_o what_o be_v once_o know_v of_o such_o idea_n will_v be_v perpetual_o and_o for_o ever_o true_a so_o that_o as_o to_o all_o general_a knowledge_n we_o must_v search_v and_o find_v it_o only_o in_o our_o own_o mind_n and_o it_o be_v only_o the_o examine_n of_o our_o own_o idea_n that_o furnish_v we_o with_o that_o truth_n belong_v to_o essence_n of_o thing_n that_o be_v to_o abstract_a idea_n be_v eternal_a and_o be_v to_o be_v find_v out_o by_o the_o contemplation_n only_o of_o those_o essence_n as_o the_o existence_n of_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v know_v only_o from_o experience_n but_o have_v more_o to_o of_o this_o in_o the_o chapter_n where_o i_o shall_v speak_v of_o general_a and_o real_a knowledge_n this_o may_v here_o suffice_v as_o to_o the_o universality_n of_o our_o knowledge_n in_o general_n chap._n iu._n of_o the_o reality_n of_o our_o knowledge_n §_o 1._o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o my_o reader_n by_o this_o time_n may_v be_v apt_a to_o think_v that_o i_o have_v be_v all_o this_o while_n only_o build_v a_o castle_n in_o the_o air_n and_o be_v ready_a to_o say_v to_o i_o to_o what_o purpose_n all_o this_o stir_n knowledge_n say_v you_o be_v only_o the_o perception_n of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o our_o own_o idea_n but_o who_o know_v what_o those_o idea_n may_v be_v be_v there_o any_o thing_n so_o extravagant_a as_o the_o imagination_n of_o man_n brain_n where_o be_v the_o head_n that_o have_v no_o chimaera_n in_o it_o or_o if_o there_o be_v a_o sober_a and_o a_o wise_a man_n what_o difference_n will_v there_o be_v by_o your_o rule_n between_o his_o knowledge_n and_o that_o of_o the_o most_o extravagant_a fancy_n in_o the_o world_n they_o both_o have_v their_o idea_n and_o perceive_v their_o agreement_n and_o disagreement_n one_o with_o another_o if_o there_o be_v any_o difference_n between_o they_o the_o advantage_n will_v be_v on_o the_o warm-headed_n man_n side_n as_o have_v the_o more_o idea_n and_o the_o more_o lively_a and_o so_o by_o your_o rule_n he_o will_v be_v the_o more_o
see_v nor_o hear_v of_o any_o such_o thing_n before_o there_o the_o whole_a probability_n rely_v on_o testimony_n and_o as_o the_o relator_n be_v more_o in_o number_n and_o of_o more_o credit_n and_o have_v no_o interest_n to_o speak_v contrary_a to_o the_o truth_n so_o that_o matter_n of_o fact_n be_v like_a to_o find_v more_o or_o less_o belief_n though_o to_o a_o man_n who_o experience_n have_v be_v always_o quite_o contrary_a and_o have_v never_o hear_v of_o any_o thing_n like_o it_o the_o most_o untainted_a credit_n of_o a_o witness_n will_v scarce_o be_v able_a to_o find_v belief_n as_o it_o happen_v to_o a_o dutch_a ambassador_n who_o entertain_v the_o king_n of_o siam_n with_o the_o particularity_n of_o holland_n which_o he_o be_v inquisitive_a after_o among_o other_o thing_n tell_v he_o that_o the_o water_n in_o his_o country_n will_v sometime_o in_o cold_a weather_n be_v so_o hard_a that_o man_n walk_v upon_o it_o and_o that_o it_o will_v bear_v a_o elephant_n if_o he_o be_v there_o to_o which_o the_o king_n reply_v hitherto_o i_o have_v believe_v the_o strange_a thing_n you_o have_v tell_v i_o because_o i_o look_v upon_o you_o as_o a_o sober_a fair_a man_n but_o now_o i_o be_o sure_a you_o lie_v §_o 6._o upon_o these_o ground_n depend_v the_o probability_n of_o any_o proposition_n and_o as_o the_o conformity_n of_o our_o knowledge_n as_o the_o certainty_n of_o observation_n as_o the_o frequency_n and_o constancy_n of_o experience_n and_o the_o number_n and_o credibility_n of_o testimony_n do_v more_o or_o less_o agree_v or_o disagree_v with_o it_o so_o be_v any_o proposition_n in_o itself_o more_o or_o less_o probable_a there_o be_v another_o i_o confess_v which_o though_o by_o itself_o it_o be_v no_o true_a ground_n of_o probability_n yet_o be_v often_o make_v use_n of_o for_o one_o by_o which_o man_n most_o common_o regulate_v their_o assent_n and_o upon_o which_o they_o pin_n their_o faith_n more_o than_o any_o thing_n else_o any_o that_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o other_o though_o there_o can_v be_v a_o more_o dangerous_a thing_n to_o rely_v on_o nor_o more_o likely_a to_o mislead_v one_o since_o there_o be_v much_o more_o falsehood_n and_o error_n among_o man_n than_o truth_n and_o knowledge_n and_o if_o the_o opinion_n and_o persuasion_n of_o other_o who_o we_o know_v and_o think_v well_o of_o be_v a_o ground_n of_o assent_n man_n have_v reason_n to_o be_v heathen_n in_o japan_n mahumetan_n in_o turkey_n papist_n in_o spain_n protestant_n in_o england_n and_o lutheran_n in_o sueden_n but_o of_o this_o wrong_a ground_n of_o assent_n i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v more_o at_o large_a in_o another_o place_n chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o degree_n of_o assent_n §_o 1._o the_o ground_n of_o probability_n we_o have_v lay_v down_o in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n as_o they_o be_v the_o foundation_n on_o which_o our_o assent_n be_v build_v so_o be_v they_o also_o the_o measure_n whereby_o its_o several_a degree_n be_v or_o aught_o 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to_o collect_v together_o all_o the_o proof_n concern_v most_o of_o the_o opinion_n he_o have_v so_o as_o safe_o to_o conclude_v that_o he_o have_v a_o clear_a and_o full_a view_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o more_o to_o be_v allege_v for_o his_o better_a information_n and_o yet_o we_o be_v force_v to_o determine_v ourselves_o on_o the_o one_o side_n or_o other_o the_o conduct_n of_o our_o life_n and_o the_o management_n of_o our_o great_a concern_v will_v not_o bear_v delay_n for_o those_o depend_v for_o the_o most_o part_n on_o the_o determination_n of_o our_o judgement_n in_o point_n wherein_o we_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o certain_a and_o demonstrative_a knowledge_n and_o wherein_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o we_o to_o embrace_v the_o one_o side_n or_o the_o other_o §_o 4._o since_o therefore_o it_o be_v unavoidable_a to_o the_o great_a
part_n of_o man_n if_o not_o all_o to_o have_v several_a opinion_n without_o certain_a and_o indubitable_a proof_n of_o their_o truth_n and_o it_o carry_v too_o great_a a_o imputation_n of_o ignorance_n lightness_n or_o folly_n for_o man_n to_o quit_v and_o renounce_v their_o former_a tenet_n present_o upon_o the_o offer_n of_o a_o argument_n which_o they_o can_v immediate_o answer_v and_o show_v the_o insufficiency_n of_o it_o will_v methinks_v become_v all_o man_n to_o maintain_v peace_n and_o the_o common_a office_n of_o humanity_n and_o friendship_n in_o the_o diversity_n of_o opinion_n since_o we_o can_v reasonable_o expect_v that_o any_o one_o shall_v ready_o and_o obsequious_o quit_v his_o own_o opinion_n and_o embrace_v we_o with_o a_o blind_a resignation_n to_o a_o authority_n which_o the_o understanding_n of_o man_n acknowledge_v not_o for_o however_o it_o may_v often_o mistake_v it_o can_v own_v no_o other_o guide_n but_o reason_n nor_o blind_o submit_v to_o the_o will_n 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the_o man_n that_o have_v uncontestible_a evidence_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o all_o that_o he_o hold_v or_o of_o the_o falsehood_n of_o all_o he_o condemn_v or_o can_v say_v that_o he_o have_v examine_v to_o the_o bottom_n all_o his_o own_o or_o other_o man_n opinion_n the_o necessity_n of_o believe_v without_o knowledge_n nay_o often_o upon_o very_o slight_a ground_n in_o this_o fleet_a slate_n of_o action_n and_o blindness_n we_o be_v in_o shall_v make_v we_o more_o busy_a and_o careful_a to_o inform_v ourselves_o than_o constrain_v other_o at_o least_o those_o who_o have_v not_o thorough_o examine_v to_o the_o bottom_n all_o their_o own_o tenet_n must_v confess_v they_o be_v unfit_a to_o prescribe_v to_o other_o and_o be_v unreasonable_a in_o impose_v that_o as_o a_o truth_n on_o other_o man_n belief_n which_o they_o themselves_o have_v not_o search_v into_o nor_o weigh_v the_o argument_n of_o probability_n on_o which_o they_o shall_v receive_v or_o reject_v it_o those_o who_o have_v fair_o and_o true_o examine_v and_o be_v thereby_o get_v past_o doubt_n in_o all_o the_o doctrine_n they_o profess_v and_o govern_v themselves_o by_o will_v have_v a_o just_a pretence_n to_o require_v other_o to_o follow_v they_o but_o these_o be_v so_o few_o in_o number_n and_o find_v so_o little_a reason_n to_o be_v magisterial_a in_o their_o opinion_n that_o nothing_o insolent_a and_o imperious_a be_v to_o be_v expect_v from_o they_o and_o there_o be_v reason_n to_o think_v that_o if_o man_n be_v better_o instruct_v themselves_o they_o will_v be_v less_o impose_v on_o other_o §_o 5._o but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o ground_n of_o assent_n and_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o it_o we_o be_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o proposition_n we_o receive_v upon_o inducement_n of_o probability_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n either_o concern_v some_o particular_a existence_n or_o as_o it_o be_v usual_o term_v matter_n of_o fact_n which_o fall_v under_o our_o observation_n be_v capable_a of_o (null)_o testimony_n or_o else_o concern_v thing_n which_o be_v beyond_o the_o discovery_n of_o our_o sense_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o any_o such_o testimony_n §_o 6._o concern_v the_o first_o of_o these_o viz._n particular_a matter_n of_o fact_n first_o where_o any_o particular_a thing_n consonant_n to_o the_o constant_a observation_n of_o ourselves_o and_o other_o in_o the_o like_a case_n come_v attest_v with_o the_o concurrent_a report_n of_o all_o that_o mention_v it_o we_o receive_v it_o as_o easy_o and_o build_v as_o firm_o upon_o it_o as_o if_o it_o be_v certain_a knowledge_n and_o we_o reason_n and_o act_v thereupon_o with_o as_o little_a doubt_n as_o if_o it_o be_v perfect_a demonstration_n thus_o if_o all_o englishman_n who_o have_v occasion_n to_o mention_v it_o shall_v affirm_v that_o it_o freeze_v in_o england_n the_o last_o winter_n or_o that_o there_o be_v swallow_n see_v there_o in_o the_o summer_n i_o think_v a_o man_n can_v almost_o as_o little_a doubt_n of_o it_o as_o that_o seven_o and_o four_o be_v eleven_o the_o first_o therefore_o and_o high_a degree_n of_o probability_n be_v when_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o all_o man_n in_o all_o age_n as_o far_o as_o it_o can_v be_v know_v concur_v with_o a_o man_n constant_a and_o never-failing_a experience_n in_o like_a case_n to_o confirm_v the_o truth_n of_o any_o particular_a matter_n of_o fact_n attest_v by_o fair_a witness_n such_o be_v all_o the_o state_v constitution_n and_o property_n of_o body_n and_o the_o regular_a proceed_n of_o cause_n and_o effect_n in_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o nature_n this_o we_o call_v a_o argument_n from_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n themselves_o for_o what_o our_o own_o and_o other_o man_n constant_a observation_n have_v find_v always_o to_o be_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o we_o with_o reason_n conclude_v to_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o steady_a and_o regular_a cause_n though_o they_o come_v not_o within_o the_o reach_n of_o our_o knowledge_n thus_o that_o fire_v warm_v a_o man_n make_v lead_v fluid_a and_o change_v the_o colour_n or_o consistency_n in_o wood_n or_o charcoal_n that_o iron_n sink_v in_o water_n and_o swim_v in_o quicksilver_n these_o and_o the_o like_a proposition_n about_o particular_a fact_n be_v agreeable_a to_o our_o constant_a experience_n as_o often_o as_o we_o have_v to_o do_v with_o these_o matter_n and_o be_v general_o speak_v of_o when_o mention_v by_o other_o as_o thing_n find_v constant_o to_o be_v so_o and_o therefore_o not_o so_o much_o as_o controvert_v by_o any_o body_n we_o be_v put_v past_o doubt_n that_o a_o relation_n affirm_v any_o such_o thing_n to_o have_v be_v or_o any_o predication_n that_o it_o will_v happen_v again_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n be_v very_o true_a these_o probability_n rise_v so_o near_o to_o certainty_n that_o they_o govern_v our_o thought_n as_o absolute_o and_o influence_n all_o our_o action_n as_o full_o as_o the_o most_o evident_a demonstration_n and_o in_o what_o 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both_o for_o the_o enlargement_n of_o our_o knowledge_n and_o regulate_v our_o assent_n for_o it_o have_v to_o do_v both_o in_o knowledge_n and_o opinion_n and_o be_v necessary_a and_o assist_v to_o all_o our_o other_o intellectual_a faculty_n and_o indeed_o contain_v two_o of_o they_o viz._n sagacity_n and_o illation_n by_o the_o one_o it_o find_v out_o and_o by_o the_o other_o it_o so_o order_v the_o intermediate_v idea_n as_o to_o discover_v what_o connexion_n there_o be_v in_o each_o link_n of_o the_o chain_n whereby_o the_o extreme_n be_v hold_v together_o and_o thereby_o as_o it_o be_v to_o draw_v into_o view_n the_o truth_n seek_v for_o which_o be_v that_o we_o call_v illation_n or_o inference_n and_o consist_v in_o nothing_o but_o the_o perception_n of_o the_o connexion_n there_o be_v between_o the_o idea_n in_o each_o step_n of_o the_o deduction_n whereby_o the_o mind_n come_v to_o see_v either_o the_o certain_a agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o any_o two_o idea_n as_o in_o demonstration_n in_o which_o it_o arrive_v at_o knowledge_n or_o their_o probable_a connexion_n on_o which_o it_o give_v or_o withhold_v its_o assent_n as_o in_o opinion_n sense_n and_o intuition_n reach_v but_o a_o very_a little_a way_n the_o great_a part_n of_o our_o knowledge_n depend_v upon_o deduction_n and_o intermediate_v idea_n and_o in_o those_o case_n where_o we_o be_v fain_o to_o substitute_n assent_v instead_o of_o knowledge_n and_o take_v proposition_n for_o true_a without_o be_v certain_a they_o be_v so_o we_o have_v need_v to_o find_v out_o examine_v and_o compare_v the_o ground_n of_o their_o probability_n in_o both_o these_o case_n the_o faculty_n which_o find_v out_o the_o mean_n and_o right_o apply_v they_o to_o discover_v certainty_n in_o the_o one_o and_o probability_n in_o the_o other_o be_v that_o which_o we_o call_v reason_n for_o as_o reason_n perceive_v the_o necessary_a and_o indubitable_a connexion_n of_o all_o the_o idea_n or_o proof_n one_o to_o another_o in_o each_o step_n of_o any_o demonstration_n that_o produce_v knowledge_n so_o it_o likewise_o perceive_v the_o probable_a connexion_n of_o all_o the_o idea_n or_o proof_n one_o to_o another_o in_o every_o step_n of_o a_o discourse_n to_o which_o it_o will_v think_v assent_n due_a this_o be_v the_o low_a degree_n of_o that_o which_o can_v be_v true_o call_v reason_n for_o where_o the_o mind_n do_v not_o perceive_v this_o probable_a connexion_n where_o it_o do_v not_o discern_v whether_o there_o be_v any_o such_o connexion_n or_o no_o their_o man_n opinion_n be_v not_o the_o product_n of_o judgement_n or_o the_o consequence_n of_o reason_n but_o the_o effect_n of_o chance_n and_o hazard_n of_o a_o mind_n float_v at_o all_o adventure_n without_o choice_n and_o without_o direction_n §_o 3._o so_o that_o we_o may_v in_o reason_n consider_v these_o four_o degree_n the_o first_o and_o high_a be_v the_o discover_v and_o find_v out_o of_o proof_n the_o second_o the_o regular_a and_o methodical_a disposition_n of_o they_o and_o lay_v they_o in_o a_o clear_a and_o fit_a order_n to_o make_v their_o connexion_n and_o force_n be_v plain_o and_o easy_o perceive_v the_o three_o be_v the_o perceive_v their_o connexion_n and_o the_o four_o the_o make_v a_o right_a conclusion_n these_o several_a degree_n may_v be_v observe_v in_o any_o mathematical_a demonstration_n it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o perceive_v the_o connexion_n of_o each_o part_n as_o the_o demonstration_n be_v make_v by_o another_o another_o to_o perceive_v the_o dependence_n of_o the_o conclusion_n on_o all_o the_o part_n a_o three_o to_o make_v out_o a_o demonstration_n clear_o and_o neat_o one_o self_n and_o something_o different_a from_o all_o these_o to_o have_v first_o find_v out_o those_o intermediate_v idea_n or_o proof_n by_o which_o it_o be_v make_v §_o 4._o there_o be_v one_o thing_n more_o which_o i_o shall_v desire_v to_o be_v consider_v concern_v reason_n and_o that_o be_v whether_o syllogism_n as_o be_v general_o think_v be_v the_o proper_a instrument_n of_o it_o and_o the_o useful_a way_n of_o exercise_v this_o faculty_n the_o cause_n i_o have_v to_o doubt_v be_v these_o first_o because_o syllogism_n serve_v our_o reason_n but_o in_o one_o only_a of_o the_o forementioned_a part_n of_o it_o and_o that_o be_v to_o show_v the_o connexion_n of_o the_o proof_n in_o any_o one_o instance_n and_o no_o more_o but_o in_o this_o it_o be_v of_o no_o great_a use_n since_o the_o mind_n can_v perceive_v such_o connexion_n where_o it_o real_o be_v as_o easy_o nay_o perhaps_o better_a without_o it_o if_o we_o will_v observe_v the_o act_n of_o our_o own_o mind_n we_o shall_v find_v that_o we_o reason_v best_a and_o clear_a when_o we_o only_o observe_v the_o connexion_n of_o the_o proof_n without_o reduce_v it_o to_o any_o rule_n of_o syllogism_n and_o therefore_o we_o may_v take_v notice_n that_o there_o be_v many_o man_n that_o reason_n exceed_v clear_a and_o right_o who_o know_v not_o how_o to_o make_v a_o syllogism_n he_o that_o will_v look_v into_o many_o part_n of_o asia_n and_o america_n will_v find_v man_n reason_n there_o perhaps_o as_o acute_o as_o himself_o who_o yet_o never_o hear_v of_o a_o syllogism_n nor_o can_v reduce_v any_o one_o argument_n to_o those_o form_n indeed_o sometime_o it_o may_v serve_v to_o discover_v a_o fallacy_n hide_v in_o a_o rhetorical_a flourish_n or_o cunning_o wrap_v up_o in_o a_o smooth_a period_n and_o strip_v a_o absurdity_n of_o the_o cover_n of_o wit_n and_o good_a language_n show_v it_o in_o its_o naked_a deformity_n but_o the_o mind_n be_v not_o teach_v to_o reason_n by_o these_o rule_n it_o have_v a_o native_a faculty_n to_o perceive_v the_o coherence_n or_o incoherence_n of_o its_o idea_n and_o can_v range_v they_o right_o without_o any_o such_o perplex_v repetition_n tell_v a_o country_n gentlewoman_n that_o the_o wind_n be_v south-west_n and_o the_o wether_n lour_a and_o like_a to_o rain_v and_o she_o will_v easy_o understand_v it_o be_v not_o safe_a for_o she_o to_o go_v abroad_o thin_a clad_v in_o such_o a_o day_n after_o a_o fever_n she_o clear_o see_v the_o probable_a connexion_n of_o all_o these_o viz._n south-west-wind_n and_o cloud_n rain_n wet_n take_v cold_a relapse_n and_o danger_n of_o death_n without_o tie_v they_o together_o in_o those_o artificial_a and_o cumbersome_a fetter_n of_o several_a syllogism_n that_o clog_n and_o hinder_v the_o mind_n which_o proceed_v from_o one_o part_n to_o another_o quick_a and_o clear_a without_o they_o and_o the_o probability_n which_o she_o easy_o perceive_v in_o thing_n thus_o in_o their_o native_a state_n will_v be_v quite_o lose_v if_o this_o argument_n be_v manage_v learned_o and_o propose_v in_o mode_n and_o figure_n for_o it_o very_o often_o confound_v the_o connexion_n and_o i_o think_v every_o one_o will_v perceive_v in_o mathematical_a demonstration_n that_o the_o knowledge_n gain_v thereby_o come_v short_a and_o clear_a without_o syllogism_n second_o because_o though_o syllogism_n serve_v to_o show_v the_o force_n or_o fallacy_n of_o a_o argument_n make_v use_v of_o in_o the_o usual_a way_n of_o discourse_v by_o supply_v the_o absent_a proposition_n and_o so_o set_v it_o before_o the_o view_n in_o a_o clear_a light_n yet_o it_o no_o less_o engage_v the_o mind_n in_o the_o perplexity_n of_o obscure_a equivocal_a and_o fallacious_a term_n wherewith_o this_o artificial_a way_n of_o reason_v always_o abound_v it_o be_v adapt_v more_o to_o the_o attain_n of_o victory_n in_o dispute_n than_o the_o discovery_n or_o confirmation_n of_o truth_n in_o fair_a inquiry_n §_o 5._o but_o however_o it_o be_v in_o knowledge_n i_o think_v i_o may_v true_o say_v it_o be_v of_o far_o less_o or_o no_o use_n at_o all_o in_o probability_n for_o the_o assent_n there_o be_v to_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o preponderancy_n after_o a_o due_a weigh_v of_o all_o the_o proof_n with_o all_o circumstance_n on_o both_o side_n nothing_o be_v so_o unfit_a to_o assist_v the_o mind_n in_o that_o as_o syllogism_n which_o run_v away_o with_o one_o assume_v probability_n or_o one_o topical_a argument_n pursue_v that_o till_o it_o have_v lead_v the_o mind_n quite_o out_o of_o sight_n of_o the_o thing_n under_o consideration_n and_o force_v it_o upon_o some_o remote_a difficulty_n hold_v it_o fast_o there_o entangle_v perhaps_o and_o as_o it_o be_v manacle_v in_o the_o chain_n of_o syllogism_n without_o allow_v it_o the_o liberty_n much_o less_o afford_v it_o the_o help_v requisite_a to_o show_v on_o which_o side_n all_o thing_n consider_v be_v the_o great_a probability_n §_o 6._o but_o let_v it_o help_v we_o as_o perhaps_o may_v be_v say_v in_o convince_a man_n of_o their_o error_n or_o mistake_v and_o yet_o i_o will_v fain_o see_v the_o man_n that_o be_v force_v out_o of_o his_o opinion_n by_o dint_n of_o syllogism_n yet_o still_o it_o fail_v our_o
the_o relation_n be_v the_o same_o whether_o the_o rule_n any_o action_n be_v compare_v to_o be_v true_a or_o false_a chap._n xxviii_o of_o clear_a and_o distinct_a obscure_a and_o confuse_a idea_n sect_n 1._o idea_n some_o clear_a and_o distinct_a other_o obscure_a and_o confuse_a 2._o clear_a and_o obscure_a explain_v by_o sight_n 3._o cause_n of_o obscurity_n 4._o distinct_a and_o confuse_a what_o 5._o objection_n 6._o confusion_n of_o idea_n be_v in_o reference_n to_o their_o name_n 7._o default_n which_o make_v confusion_n first_o complex_fw-la idea_n make_v up_o of_o too_o few_o simple_a one_o 8._o second_o or_o its_o simple_a one_o jumble_v disorderly_a together_o 9_o three_o or_o be_v mutable_a and_o undetermined_a 10._o confusion_n without_o reference_n to_o name_n hardly_o conceivable_a 11._o confusion_n concern_v always_o two_o idea_n 12._o cause_n of_o confusion_n 13._o complex_fw-la idea_n may_v be_v distinct_a in_o one_o part_n and_o confuse_a in_o another_o 14._o this_o if_o not_o heed_v cause_v confusion_n in_o our_o arguing_n 15._o instance_n in_o eternity_n 16_o 17._o divisibility_n of_o matter_n chap._n xxix_o of_o real_a and_o fantastical_a idea_n sect_n 1._o real_a idea_n be_v conformable_a to_o their_o archetype_n 2._o simple_n idea_n all_o real_a 3._o complex_fw-la idea_n be_v voluntary_a combination_n 4._o mix_v modes_n make_v of_o consistent_a idea_n be_v real_a 5._o idea_n of_o substance_n be_v real_a when_o they_o agree_v with_o the_o existence_n of_o thing_n chap._n xxx_o of_o adequate_a and_o inadequate_a idea_n sect_n 1._o adequate_a idea_n be_v such_o as_o perfect_o represent_v their_o archetype_n 2._o simple_n idea_n all_o adequate_a 3._o modes_n be_v all_o adequate_a 4_o 5._o modes_n in_o reference_n to_o settle_a name_n may_v be_v inadequate_a 6_o 7._o idea_n of_o substance_n as_o refer_v to_o real_a essence_n not_o adequate_a 8_o 11._o idea_n of_o substance_n as_o collection_n of_o their_o quality_n be_v all_o inadequate_a 12._o simple_n idea_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o adequate_a 13._o idea_n of_o substance_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d inadequate_a 14._o idea_n of_o modes_n and_o relation_n be_v archetype_n and_o can_v but_o be_v adequate_a chap._n xxi_o of_o true_a and_o false_a idea_n sect_n 1._o truth_n and_o falsehood_n proper_o belong_v to_o proposition_n 2._o metaphysical_a truth_n contain_v a_o tacit_n proposition_n 3._o no_o idea_n as_o a_o appearance_n in_o the_o mind_n true_a or_o false_a 4._o idea_n refer_v to_o any_o thing_n may_v be_v true_a or_o false_a 5._o other_o man_n idea_n real_a existence_n and_o suppose_v real_a essence_n be_v what_o man_n usual_o refer_v their_o idea_n to_o 6_o 8._o the_o cause_n of_o such_o reference_n 9_o simple_n idea_n may_v be_v false_a in_o reference_n to_o other_o of_o the_o same_o name_n but_o be_v least_o liable_a to_o be_v so_o 10._o idea_n of_o mix_a modes_n most_o liable_a to_o be_v false_a in_o this_o sense_n 11._o or_o at_o least_o to_o be_v think_v false_a 12._o and_o why_o 13._o as_o refer_v to_o real_a existence_n none_o of_o our_o idea_n can_v be_v false_a but_o those_o of_o substance_n 14_o 16._o first_o simple_z idea_n in_o this_o sense_n not_o false_a and_o why_o 15._o though_o one_o man_n idea_n of_o blue_n shall_v be_v different_a from_o another_o 17._o second_o modes_n not_o false_a 18._o three_o idea_n of_o substance_n be_v false_a when_o the_o combination_n be_v make_v of_o simple_a idea_n that_o do_v never_o co-exist_a or_o have_v in_o it_o the_o negation_n of_o any_o one_o that_o do_v constant_o coexi_v 19_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n always_o suppose_v affirmation_n or_o negation_n 20._o idea_n in_o themselves_o neither_o true_a nor_o false_a 21._o but_o be_v false_a first_o when_o judge_v agreeable_a to_o another_o man_n idea_n without_o be_v so_o 22._o second_o when_o judge_v to_o agree_v to_o real_a existence_n when_o they_o do_v not_o 23._o three_o when_o judge_v adequate_a without_o be_v so_o 24._o four_o when_o judge_v to_o represent_v the_o real_a essence_n 25._o ideas_n when_o false_a 26._o more_o proper_o to_o be_v call_v right_o or_o wrong_n 27._o conclusion_n book_n iii_o chap._n i._o of_o word_n or_o language_n in_o general_n sect_n 1._o man_n fit_v to_o form_n articulate_v sound_n 2._o to_o make_v they_o sign_n of_o idea_n 3_o 4._o to_o make_v general_a sign_n 5._o word_n ultimate_o derive_v from_o such_o as_o signify_v sensible_a idea_n 6._o distribution_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o signification_n of_o word_n lect_v 1._o word_n be_v sensible_a sign_n necessary_a for_o communication_n 2_o 3._o word_n be_v the_o sensible_a sign_n of_o his_o idea_n who_o use_v they_o 4._o word_n often_o secret_o refer_v first_o to_o the_o idea_n in_o other_o man_n mind_n 5._o second_o to_o the_o reality_n of_o thing_n 6._o word_n by_o use_n ready_o excite_v idea_n 7._o word_n often_o use_v without_o signification_n 8._o their_o signification_n perfect_o arbitrary_a chap._n iii_o of_o general_a term_n sect_n 1._o the_o great_a part_n of_o word_n general_a 2._o for_o every_o particular_a thing_n to_o have_v a_o name_n be_v impossible_a 3_o 4._o and_o useless_a 5._o what_o thing_n have_v proper_a name_n 6_o 8._o how_o general_a word_n be_v make_v 9_o general_a nature_n be_v nothing_o but_o abstract_a idea_n 10._o why_o the_o genus_fw-la be_v ordinary_o make_v use_n of_o in_o definition_n 11._o general_n and_o universal_a be_v creature_n of_o the_o understanding_n 12._o abstract_n idea_n be_v the_o essence_n of_o the_o genera_n and_o species_n 13._o they_o be_v the_o workmanship_n of_o the_o understanding_n but_o have_v their_o foundation_n in_o the_o similitude_n of_o thing_n 14._o each_o distinct_a abstract_n idea_n be_v a_o distinct_a essence_n 15._o real_a and_o nominal_a essence_n 16._o constant_a connexion_n between_o the_o name_n and_o nominal_a essence_n 17._o supposition_n that_o species_n be_v distinguish_v by_o their_o real_a essence_n useless_a 18._o real_a and_o nominal_a essence_n the_o same_o in_o simple_a idea_n and_o modes_n different_a in_o substance_n 19_o essence_n ingenerable_a and_o incorruptible_a 20._o recapitulation_n chap._n iu._n of_o the_o name_n of_o simple_a idea_n sect_n 1._o name_n of_o simple_a idea_n modes_n and_o substance_n have_v each_o something_o peculiar_a 2._o first_o name_n of_o simple_a idea_n and_o substance_n intimate_v real_a existence_n 3._o second_o name_n of_o simple_a idea_n and_o modes_n signify_v always_o both_o real_a and_o nominal_a essence_n 4._o three_o name_n of_o simple_a idea_n undefinable_a 5._o if_o all_o be_v definable_a it_o will_v be_v a_o process_n in_o infinitum_fw-la 6._o what_o a_o definition_n be_v 7._o simple_n idea_n why_o undefinable_a 8_o 9_o instance_n motion_n 10._o light_n 11._o simple_n idea_n why_o undefinable_a far_o explain_v 12_o 13._o the_o contrary_a show_v in_o complex_fw-la idea_n by_o instance_n of_o a_o statue_n and_o rainbow_n 14._o the_o name_n of_o complex_fw-la idea_n when_o to_o be_v make_v intelligible_a by_o word_n 15._o four_o name_n of_o simple_a idea_n least_o doubtful_a 16._o five_o simple_a idea_n have_v few_o ascent_n in_o linea_fw-la praedicamentali_fw-la 17._o six_o name_n of_o simple_a idea_n stand_v for_o idea_n not_o at_o all_o arbitrary_a chap._n v._o of_o the_o name_n of_o mix_a modes_n and_o relation_n sect_n 1._o they_o stand_v for_o abstract_n idea_n as_o other_o general_a name_n 2._o first_o the_o idea_n they_o stand_v for_o be_v make_v by_o the_o understanding_n 3._o second_o make_v arbitrary_o and_o without_o pattern_n 4._o how_o this_o be_v do_v 5._o evident_o arbitrary_a in_o that_o the_o idea_n be_v often_o before_o the_o existence_n 6._o instance_n murder_n incest_n stab_v 7._o but_o still_o subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o end_n of_o language_n 8._o whereof_o the_o intranslatable_a word_n of_o divers_a language_n be_v a_o proof_n 9_o this_o show_v species_n to_o be_v make_v for_o communication_n 10_o 11._o in_o mix_a mode_n it_o be_v the_o name_n that_o tie_v the_o combination_n together_o and_o make_v it_o a_o species_n 12._o for_o the_o original_n of_o mix_a modes_n we_o look_v no_o far_o than_o the_o mind_n which_o also_o show_v they_o to_o be_v the_o workmanship_n of_o the_o understanding_n 13._o their_o be_v make_v by_o the_o understanding_n without_o pattern_n show_v the_o reason_n why_o they_o be_v so_o compound_v 14._o name_n of_o mix_a modes_n stand_v always_o for_o their_o real_a essence_n 15._o why_o their_o name_n be_v usual_o get_v before_o their_o idea_n 16._o reason_n of_o my_o be_v so_o large_a on_o this_o subject_a chap._n vi_o of_o the_o name_n of_o substance_n sect_n 1._o the_o common_a name_n of_o substance_n stand_v for_o sort_n 2._o the_o essence_n of_o each_o sort_n be_v the_o abstract_n idea_n 3._o the_o nominal_a and_o real_a essence_n different_a 4_o 6._o nothing_o essential_a to_o individual_n 7_o 8._o the_o
this_o case_n our_o assent_n have_v a_o sufficient_a foundation_n to_o raise_v itself_o to_o a_o degree_n which_o we_o may_v call_v confidence_n §_o 8._o three_o in_o matter_n that_o happen_v indifferent_o as_o that_o a_o bird_n shall_v fly_v this_o or_o that_o way_n that_o it_o shall_v thunder_v on_o a_o man_n right_a or_o left_a hand_n etc._n etc._n when_o any_o particular_a matter_n of_o fact_n come_v attest_v by_o the_o concurrent_a testimony_n of_o unsuspected_a witness_n there_o our_o assent_n be_v also_o unavoidable_a thus_o that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o city_n in_o italy_n as_o rome_n that_o about_o 1700_o year_n ago_o there_o live_v in_o it_o a_o man_n call_v julius_n caesar_n that_o he_o be_v a_o general_n and_o that_o he_o win_v a_o battle_n again_o another_o call_v pompey_n this_o though_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n there_o be_v nothing_o for_o nor_o against_o it_o yet_o be_v relate_v by_o historian_n of_o credit_n and_o contradict_v by_o no_o one_o writer_n a_o man_n can_v avoid_v believe_v it_o and_o can_v as_o little_a doubt_n of_o it_o as_o he_o do_v of_o the_o be_v and_o action_n of_o his_o own_o acquaintance_n whereof_o he_o himself_o be_v a_o witness_n §_o 9_o thus_o far_o the_o matter_n go_v easy_a enough_o probability_n upon_o such_o ground_n carry_v so_o much_o evidence_n with_o it_o that_o it_o natural_o determine_v the_o judgement_n and_o leave_v we_o as_o little_a at_o liberty_n to_o believe_v or_o disbelieve_v as_o a_o demonstration_n do_v whether_o we_o will_v know_v or_o be_v ignorant_a the_o difficulty_n be_v when_o testimony_n contradict_v common_a experience_n and_o the_o report_n of_o history_n and_o witness_n clash_n with_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o nature_n or_o with_o one_o another_o there_o it_o be_v where_o diligence_n attention_n and_o exactness_n be_v require_v to_o form_v a_o right_a judgement_n and_o to_o proportion_v the_o assent_n to_o the_o different_a evidence_n and_o probability_n of_o the_o thing_n which_o rise_v and_o fall_v according_a as_o those_o two_o foundation_n of_o credibility_n viz._n common_a observation_n in_o like_a case_n and_o particular_a testimony_n in_o that_o particular_a instance_n favour_n or_o contradict_v it_o these_o be_v liable_a to_o so_o great_a variety_n of_o contrary_a observation_n circumstance_n report_n different_a qualification_n temper_n design_n oversight_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o reporter_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o reduce_v to_o precise_a rule_n the_o various_a degree_n wherein_o man_n give_v their_o assent_n this_o only_o may_v be_v say_v in_o general_a that_o as_o the_o argument_n and_o proof_n pro_fw-la and_o con_v upon_o due_a examination_n nice_o weigh_v every_o particular_a circumstance_n shall_v to_o any_o one_o appear_v upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n in_o a_o great_a or_o less_o degree_n to_o preponderate_v on_o either_o side_n so_o they_o be_v fit_v to_o produce_v in_o the_o mind_n such_o different_a entertainment_n as_o we_o call_v belief_n conjecture_n guess_v doubt_v waver_a distrust_n disbelief_n etc._n etc._n §_o 10._o this_o be_v what_o concern_v assent_n in_o matter_n wherein_o testimony_n be_v make_v use_n of_o concern_v which_o i_o think_v it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o a_o rule_n observe_v in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n which_o be_v that_o though_o the_o attest_v copy_n of_o a_o record_n be_v good_a proof_n yet_o the_o copy_n of_o a_o copy_n never_o so_o well_o attest_v and_o by_o never_o so_o credible_a witness_n will_v not_o be_v admit_v as_o a_o proof_n in_o judicature_n this_o be_v so_o general_o approve_v as_o reasonable_a and_o suit_v to_o the_o wisdom_n and_o caution_n to_o be_v use_v in_o our_o enquiry_n after_o material_a truth_n that_o i_o never_o yet_o hear_v of_o any_o one_o that_o blame_v it_o this_o practice_n if_o it_o be_v allowable_a in_o the_o decision_n of_o right_n and_o wrong_n carry_v this_o observation_n along_o with_o it_o viz._n that_o any_o testimony_n the_o far_a off_o it_o be_v from_o the_o original_a truth_n the_o less_o force_n and_o proof_n it_o have_v the_o be_v and_o existence_n of_o the_o thing_n itself_o be_v what_o i_o call_v the_o original_a truth_n a_o credible_a man_n vouch_v his_o knowledge_n of_o it_o be_v a_o good_a proof_n but_o if_o another_o equal_o credible_a do_v witness_v it_o from_o his_o report_n the_o testimony_n be_v weak_a and_o a_o three_o that_o atte_v the_o hearsay_n of_o a_o hearsay_n be_v yet_o less_o considerable_a so_o that_o in_o traditional_a truth_n each_o remove_n weaken_v the_o force_n of_o the_o proof_n and_o the_o more_o hand_n the_o tradition_n have_v successive_o pass_v through_o the_o less_o strength_n and_o evidence_n do_v it_o receive_v from_o they_o this_o i_o think_v necessary_a to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o because_o i_o find_v among_o some_o man_n the_o quite_o contrary_a common_o practise_v who_o look_v on_o opinion_n to_o gain_v force_n by_o grow_v old_a and_o what_o a_o thousand_o year_n since_o will_v not_o to_o a_o rational_a man_n contemporary_a with_o the_o first_o voucher_n have_v appear_v at_o all_o probable_a be_v now_o urge_v as_o certain_a beyond_o all_o question_n only_o because_o several_a have_v since_o from_o he_o say_v it_o one_o after_o another_o upon_o this_o ground_n proposition_n evident_o false_a or_o doubtful_a enough_o in_o their_o first_o beginning_n come_v by_o a_o invert_v rule_n of_o probability_n to_o pass_v for_o authentic_a truth_n and_o those_o which_o find_v or_o deserve_v little_a credit_n from_o the_o mouth_n of_o their_o first_o author_n be_v think_v to_o grow_v venerable_a by_o age_n and_o be_v urge_v as_o undeniable_a §_o 11._o i_o will_v not_o be_v think_v here_o to_o lessen_v the_o credit_n and_o use_v of_o history_n it_o be_v all_o the_o light_n we_o have_v in_o many_o case_n and_o we_o receive_v from_o it_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o useful_a truth_n we_o have_v with_o a_o convince_a evidence_n i_o think_v nothing_o more_o valuable_a than_o the_o record_n of_o antiquity_n i_o wish_v we_o have_v more_o of_o they_o and_o more_o uncorrupted_a but_o this_o truth_n itself_o force_v i_o to_o say_v that_o no_o probability_n can_v arise_v high_a than_o its_o first_o original_a what_o have_v no_o other_o evidence_n than_o the_o single_a testimony_n of_o one_o only_a witness_n must_v stand_v or_o fall_v by_o his_o only_a testimony_n whether_o good_a bad_a or_o indifferent_a and_o though_o cite_v afterward_o by_o hundred_o of_o other_o one_o after_o another_o be_v so_o far_o from_o receive_v any_o strength_n thereby_o that_o it_o be_v only_o the_o weak_a passion_n interest_n inadvertency_n mistake_v of_o his_o mean_v and_o a_o thousand_o odd_a reason_n or_o capriccio_n man_n mind_n be_v act_v by_o impossible_a to_o be_v discover_v may_v make_v one_o man_n quote_v another_o man_n word_n or_o mean_v wrong_n he_o that_o have_v but_o ever_o so_o little_o examine_v the_o citation_n of_o writer_n can_v doubt_v how_o little_a credit_n the_o quotation_n deserve_v where_o the_o original_n be_v want_v and_o consequent_o how_o much_o less_o quotation_n of_o quotation_n can_v be_v rely_v on_o this_o be_v certain_a that_o what_o in_o one_o age_n be_v affirm_v upon_o slight_a ground_n can_v never_o after_o come_v to_o be_v more_o valid_a in_o future_a age_n by_o be_v often_o repeat_v but_o the_o far_o still_o it_o be_v from_o the_o original_a the_o less_o valid_a it_o be_v and_o have_v always_o less_o force_n in_o the_o mouth_n or_o write_v of_o he_o that_o last_o make_v use_v of_o it_o than_o in_o his_o from_o who_o he_o receive_v it_o §_o 12._o the_o probability_n we_o have_v hitherto_o mention_v be_v only_o such_o as_o concern_v matter_n of_o fact_n and_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v capable_a of_o observation_n and_o testimony_n there_o remain_v that_o other_o sort_n concern_v which_o man_n entertain_v opinion_n with_o variety_n of_o assent_n though_o the_o thing_n be_v such_o that_o fall_v not_o under_o the_o reach_n of_o our_o sense_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o testimony_n and_o such_o be_v 1._o the_o existence_n nature_n and_o operation_n of_o finite_a immaterial_a being_n without_o we_o as_o spirit_n angel_n devil_n etc._n etc._n or_o the_o existence_n of_o material_a being_n which_o either_o for_o their_o smallness_n in_o themselves_o or_o remoteness_n from_o we_o our_o sense_n can_v take_v notice_n of_o as_o whether_o there_o be_v any_o plant_n animal_n and_o intelligent_a inhabitant_n of_o the_o planet_n and_o other_o mansion_n of_o the_o vast_a universe_n 2._o concern_v the_o manner_n of_o operation_n in_o most_o part_n of_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n wherein_o though_o we_o see_v the_o sensible_a effect_n yet_o their_o cause_n be_v unknown_a and_o we_o perceive_v not_o the_o way_n and_o manner_n how_o they_o be_v produce_v we_o see_v animal_n be_v generate_v nourish_v and_o move_v the_o
loadstone_n draw_v iron_n and_o the_o part_n of_o a_o candle_n successive_o melt_v turn_v into_o flame_n and_o give_v we_o both_o light_n and_o heat_n these_o and_o the_o like_a effect_n we_o see_v and_o know_v but_o the_o cause_n that_o operate_v and_o the_o manner_n they_o be_v produce_v in_o we_o can_v only_o guess_v and_o probable_o conjecture_v for_o these_o and_o the_o like_o come_v not_o within_o the_o scrutiny_n of_o (null)_o sense_n can_v be_v examine_v by_o they_o or_o be_v attest_v by_o any_o body_n and_o therefore_o can_v appear_v more_o or_o less_o probable_a only_o as_o they_o more_o or_o less_o agree_v to_o truth_n that_o be_v establish_v in_o our_o mind_n and_o as_o they_o hold_v proportion_n to_o other_o part_n of_o our_o knowledge_n and_o observation_n analogy_n in_o these_o matter_n be_v the_o only_a help_n we_o have_v and_o it_o be_v from_o that_o alone_o we_o draw_v all_o our_o ground_n of_o probability_n thus_o observe_v that_o the_o bare_a rub_n of_o two_o body_n violent_o one_o upon_o another_o produce_v heat_n and_o very_o often_o fire_n itself_o we_o have_v reason_n to_o think_v that_o what_o we_o call_v heat_n and_o fire_n consist_v in_o a_o certain_a violent_a agitation_n of_o the_o imperceptible_a minute_n part_n of_o the_o burn_a matterâ—_n observe_v likewise_o that_o the_o different_a refraction_n of_o pellucid_a body_n produce_v in_o our_o eye_n the_o different_a appearance_n of_o several_a colour_n and_o also_o that_o the_o different_a range_v and_o lay_v the_o superficial_a part_n of_o several_a body_n as_o of_o velvet_n water_v silk_n etc._n etc._n do_v the_o like_a we_o think_v it_o probable_a that_o the_o colour_n and_o shine_v of_o body_n be_v in_o they_o nothing_o but_o the_o different_a arangement_n and_o refraction_n of_o their_o minute_n and_o insensible_a part_n thus_o find_v in_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o creation_n that_o fall_v under_o (null)_o observation_n that_o there_o be_v a_o gradual_a connexion_n of_o one_o with_o another_o without_o any_o great_a or_o discernible_a gap_n between_o in_o all_o that_o great_a variety_n of_o thing_n we_o see_v in_o the_o world_n which_o be_v so_o close_o link_v together_o that_o in_o the_o several_a rank_n of_o being_n it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o discover_v the_o bound_n betwixt_o they_o we_o have_v reason_n to_o be_v persuade_v that_o in_o such_o gentle_a step_n thing_n in_o perfection_n ascend_v upward_o it_o be_v a_o hard_a matter_n to_o say_v where_o sensible_a and_o rational_a begin_v and_o where_o insensible_a and_o irrational_a end_n and_o who_o be_v there_o quick-sighted_a enough_o to_o determine_v precise_o which_o be_v the_o low_a species_n of_o live_a thing_n and_o which_o the_o first_o of_o those_o which_o have_v no_o life_n thing_n as_o far_o as_o we_o can_v observe_v lessen_v and_o augment_v as_o the_o quantity_n do_v in_o a_o regular_a cone_n where_o though_o there_o be_v a_o manifest_a odds_o betwixt_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o diametre_fw-la at_o remote_a distance_n yet_o the_o difference_n between_o the_o upper_a and_o under_o where_o they_o touch_v one_o another_o be_v hardly_o discernible_a the_o difference_n be_v exceed_o great_a between_o some_o man_n and_o some_o animal_n but_o if_o we_o will_v compare_v the_o understanding_n and_o ability_n of_o some_o man_n and_o some_o brute_n we_o shall_v find_v so_o little_a difference_n that_o it_o will_v be_v hard_a to_o say_v that_o that_o of_o the_o man_n be_v either_o clear_a or_o large_a observe_v i_o say_v such_o gradual_a and_o gentle_a descent_n downward_o in_o those_o part_n of_o the_o creation_n that_o be_v beneath_o man_n the_o rule_n of_o analogy_n may_v make_v it_o probable_a that_o it_o be_v so_o also_o in_o thing_n above_o we_o and_o our_o observation_n and_o that_o there_o be_v several_a rank_n of_o intelligent_a being_n excel_v we_o in_o several_a degree_n of_o perfection_n ascend_v upward_o towards_o the_o infinite_a perfection_n of_o the_o creator_n by_o gentle_a step_n and_o difference_n that_o be_v every_o one_o at_o no_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o next_o to_o it_o this_o sort_n of_o probability_n which_o be_v the_o best_a conduct_n of_o rational_a experiment_n and_o the_o rise_v of_o hypothesis_n have_v also_o its_o use_n and_o influence_n and_o a_o wary_a reason_v from_o analogy_n lead_v we_o often_o into_o the_o discovery_n of_o truth_n and_o useful_a production_n which_o will_v otherwise_o lie_v conceal_v §_o 13._o though_o the_o common_a experience_n and_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o thing_n have_v just_o a_o mighty_a influence_n on_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n to_o make_v they_o give_v or_o refuse_v credit_n to_o any_o thing_n propose_v to_o their_o belief_n yet_o there_o be_v one_o case_n wherein_o the_o strangeness_n of_o the_o fact_n lessen_v not_o the_o assent_n to_o a_o fair_a testimony_n give_v of_o it_o for_o where_o such_o supernatural_a event_n be_v suitable_a to_o end_n aim_v at_o by_o he_o who_o have_v the_o power_n to_o change_v the_o course_n of_o nature_n there_o under_o such_o circumstance_n they_o may_v be_v the_o fit_a to_o procure_v belief_n by_o how_o much_o the_o more_o they_o be_v beyond_o or_o contrary_a to_o ordinary_a observation_n this_o be_v the_o proper_a case_n of_o miracle_n which_o well_o attest_v do_v not_o only_o find_v credit_n themselves_o but_o give_v it_o also_o to_o other_o truth_n which_o need_v such_o confirmation_n §_o 14._o beside_o those_o we_o have_v hitherto_o mention_v there_o be_v one_o sort_n of_o proposition_n that_o challenge_v the_o high_a degree_n of_o our_o assent_n upon_o bare_a testimony_n whether_o the_o thing_n propose_v agree_v or_o disagree_v with_o common_a experience_n and_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o thing_n or_o no._n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v because_o the_o testimony_n be_v of_o such_o a_o one_o as_o can_v deceive_v nor_o be_v deceive_v and_o that_o be_v of_o god_n himself_o this_o carry_v with_o it_o certainty_n beyond_o doubt_n evidence_n beyond_o exception_n this_o be_v call_v by_o a_o peculiar_a name_n revelation_n and_o our_o assent_n to_o it_o faith_n which_o have_v as_o much_o certainty_n as_o our_o knowledge_n itself_o and_o we_o may_v as_o well_o doubt_v of_o our_o own_o be_v as_o we_o can_v whether_o any_o revelation_n from_o god_n be_v true_a so_o that_o faith_n be_v a_o settle_a and_o sure_a principle_n of_o assent_n and_o assurance_n and_o leave_v no_o manner_n of_o room_n for_o doubt_n or_o hesitation_n only_o we_o must_v be_v sure_a that_o it_o be_v a_o divine_a revelation_n and_o that_o we_o understand_v it_o right_o else_o we_o shall_v expose_v ourselves_o to_o all_o the_o extravagancy_n of_o enthusiasm_n and_o all_o the_o error_n of_o wrong_a principle_n if_o we_o have_v faith_n and_o assurance_n in_o what_o be_v not_o divine_a revelation_n and_o therefore_o in_o those_o case_n our_o assent_n can_v be_v rational_o no_o high_o than_o the_o evidence_n of_o its_o be_v a_o revelation_n and_o that_o this_o be_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o expression_n it_o be_v deliver_v in_o if_o the_o evidence_n of_o its_o be_v a_o revelation_n or_o that_o this_o its_o true_a sense_n be_v only_o on_o probable_a proof_n our_o assent_n can_v reach_v no_o high_o than_o a_o assurance_n or_o diffidence_n arise_v from_o the_o more_o or_o less_o apparent_a probability_n of_o the_o proof_n but_o of_o faith_n and_o the_o precedency_n it_o ought_v to_o have_v before_o other_o argument_n of_o persuasion_n i_o shall_v speak_v more_o hereafter_o where_o i_o treat_v of_o it_o as_o it_o be_v ordinary_o place_v in_o contradistinction_n to_o reason_n though_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o assent_n found_v on_o the_o high_a reason_n chap._n xvii_o of_o reason_n §_o 1._o the_o word_n reason_n in_o the_o english_a language_n have_v different_a signification_n sometime_o it_o be_v take_v for_o true_a and_o clear_a principle_n sometime_o for_o clear_a and_o fair_a deduction_n from_o those_o principle_n and_o sometime_o for_o the_o cause_n and_o particular_o the_o final_a cause_n but_o the_o consideration_n i_o shall_v have_v of_o it_o here_o be_v in_o a_o signification_n different_a from_o all_o these_o and_o that_o be_v as_o it_o stand_v for_o a_o faculty_n in_o man_n that_o faculty_n whereby_o man_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v distinguish_v from_o beast_n and_o wherein_o it_o be_v evident_a he_o much_o surpass_v they_o §_o 2._o if_o general_a knowledge_n as_o have_v be_v show_v consist_v in_o a_o perception_n of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o our_o own_o idea_n and_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o all_o thing_n without_o we_o except_o only_o of_o god_n be_v have_v only_o by_o our_o sense_n what_o room_n then_o be_v there_o for_o the_o exercise_n of_o any_o other_o faculty_n but_o outward_a sense_n and_o inward_a perception_n what_o need_n be_v there_o of_o reason_n very_o much_o