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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	body_n	motion_n	nature_n	2,722	5	5.9141	4	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A43108	Anthropōlogia, or, A philosophic discourse concerning man being the anatomy both of his soul and body : wherein the nature, origin, union, immaterality, immortality, extension, and faculties of the one and the parts, humours, temperaments, complexions, functions, sexes, and ages respecting the other are concisely delineated / by S.H.	Haworth, Samuel, fl. 1683.	1680 (1680)	Wing H1190; ESTC R28065	83,471	253

a quite different Nature 4 Whether Rarefaction or Subtilization make a Body to be less a Body or more a Spirit than it was before 5 Whether a Red-hot Iron have any nearer Approximation to Life than it had before or the Flame of a Candle than the Extinguisht Snuff or Tallow of it 6 Whether this Corporeal Spirit be Semicorporeal and Semi-spiritual As for the Second Opinion let me Query Neither is it only United to the Glandula pinealis and thence Influences the Body First why the Soul should sit upon the Glandula pinealis more than upon any other part of the Body and whence it appears that it doth 2 Whether or no it be extended thro every part of the Conarion or is only one point of it If extended thro every part then why not as well thro the whole Body If in a point how it Acts and Insluenceth the Body 3 Whether this Virtue which the Soul doth Exert and Communicate in its Operations be the Essence of the Soul or no Now these Two Opinions seeming to disagree with the Canons of Reason and True Philosophy it will not I hope be unkindly resented if I exhibit another to the deliberate perusal of the unprejudiced which altho at the first it may seem a little Uncouth yet I am perswaded after some Consideration it will appear to be attended with lesser Inducements to make any Wise Man Incredulous of its verity than either of the former But by its Extension thro the the Body it Actuates all its parts and that is this that the Soul is United to the Body by its Extension thro every one of its parts that the Soul is Extended is not my busienss here to Demonstrate having designed a particular Chapter for it to which I shall refer the Reader and where I shall endeavour to remove the difficulties wherewith this Truth may seem to be burthened If this then be proved how easily may we Imagine an Union of the Soul with the Body to result from its Extension and Diffusion thro the parts thereof CHAP. V. Of the Immateriality of the Soul THe Immateriality of the Soul is a Truth so Undubitably certain and so generally believed that those who have arrived to that height of Audacity as to deny it are justly looked upon to be no better than Atheists for whoever is become so grosly erroneous as to believe his own Soul to be material is consequently reduced may I say Blasphemously to Averr the Nullity of A Deity O Incredulity not to be parallelled O Atheisme absurd and abominable the Immateriality of the Soul may be evinced First from its Activity In-activity is a property pertinent to Matter for Matter can exert no action of it self no not so much as Local Motion unless it be agitated by some External Cause there being no such thing as Natural Motion Matter being a Thing Naturally Inert and Passive but a Spirit which is of a Nature far transcending Matter is always Active and therefore Plato called it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 self-moving it is an imprevaricable Law with all Bodies that nothing whatsoever can move unless it be moved by another and hence it followeth that the Soul that moveth without being excited by any thing else Acting and Operating from its own Intrinsic Power and Faculty is of a higher Race than they From its large Capacity and Discursive Faculty and consequently Incorporeal 2 The large Capacity and Discoursive Faculty of the Soul Demonstrates its Spirituality when we consider the multitude of things that are at once contained in the Soul as likewise its Power of Exerting those Notions and Apprehensions which it had Imbibed in Discourse how can we Conceive any otherwise than that she is Spiritual in her Essence 3 Its Simplicity Uniformity Immortality Self-reflection and Perfection are Infallible Manifesto's of its Incorporeity we may also add Cogitation a Property only Essential to a Spiritual Being From Cogitation for as we said before Matter cannot move it self how much less then is it able to perform that excellent Operation of deeming and thinking I am not Insensible how some do endeavour to evade this Argument for a Late Author doth pretend to Solve the manner of Cogitation Mr. Hobbs his Evasion without recourse to an Incorporeal Principle for faith he the very Motion of Reaction of one part of Matter on another or at least the Continuation of this Reaction can easily effect this for we find by experience when we are Occupied in serious Meditations or diligently incumbent upon our Studies a great Commotion in our Heads and a kind of Confusion in the Parts of the Brain which would not happen except Perception and Cogitation did depend on Matter and were made by the Motion and Agitation of the Particles of the Brain There might be some probability in this It s Solution if the Author could drive us to believe that there was nothing else but Matter in the whole Universe but seeing this is altogether impossible we shall condemn the other as false and ridiculous for if this were true why may not also the Bodies of Men when defunct be endued with the same Power of Cogitation For they are then no less capable of Reaction or Susceptive of Corporeal Impressions besides if we divide Matter into Monads or Minute Physic Particles I Query whether these Monads being seperated one from another may be capable of Perception and Cogitation or only the Compositum resulting there-from Now I think there is no one so a Friend to Atoms that he should think them to have Intelligence for who can believe that the smallest Particle of Matter is indued with Sense and Perception But if it be the whole Compositum what can be the Reason that out of Insensible Things should Emerge Things capable of Sense and Apprehension How is it possible that from the various Coition of Atoms which are Senseless and Incogitant should be produced a Cogitant Animal Having thus proved the Immateriality of the Soul A Digression concerning the Soul of Brutes I must crave leave here to make a little Digression concerning the Souls of Brutes whether their Souls be Immaterial or no Concerning which I shall Nominate Three Opinions all which have been very plausibly received by many First The Opinion of the Lord Bacon Dr. Willis and Gassendus who who do thus Philosophize viz. That Brutes have a Corporeal Soul which being of an Ignite and Fiery Nature doth move the Organized Bodies of these Animals For this See Willis de Anima Brutorum Du. Hamel de Corpore Animato Bacon's Natural History and Learned Mr. Gales Philosophia Generalis Secondly The Hypothesis of Renowned Des Cartes viz. That Brutes are nothing else but Machins curiously Fabricated by the chief Opifex of Nature being Acted and Moved by no other than a Mechanic Motion having neither Sense nor Perception in them and this Opinion saith Monsieur Fernelius seems to be taken from the Philosophy of Moses

Immortality being continually preserved by the Almighty Concourse of Him that created them Not that I think the Souls of Brutes to be capable of that Felicity or Misery the Souls of Men are but we may either suppose them to proceed from the Anima Mundi or Soul of the World which may also be supposed to be Immaterial and so return to it at the Dissolution or rather that when they are divested of their Bodies they take to themselves Aereal ones Some there are that will not admit but explode Aereal Vehicles who suppose That the Souls of them surviving Death doth so continue in a State of Inactivity Insensibility Sleep Silence and Stupor until by a Transmigration they re-assume new Bodies to act in for while Spirits are divested of Bodies they cannot exert any Action But this Supposition would destroy our own Assertion alrady laid down concerning the Active and Cogitant Nature of the Soul But least I should exceed my bounds in too long a Digression I shall now come to the next general Head proposed in Order to treat on and that is The Immortality of the Soul CHAP. VI. Of the Immortality of the Soul The Immortality of the Soul Proved FRom what hath been already alledged concerning the Nature Origin Union and Immateriality of the Soul may with great facility and by necessary consequence be gathered its Immortality also and the fore-precedent things may serve for Topics whence we may raise so many Arguments clearly to evince the same From its Nature The Nature of the Soul is so evident a Demonstraitve of its Immortality that whoever understands the one cannot but easily apprehend the other Is not Spirituality a plain Manifesto of a Durable Existence and Activity and Cogitancy and inseparable Concomitant of Immortality How undeniably doth Plato the Mirror of the Mirror of the World for Learning demonstrates from the Souls being 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Self-moving that it is also 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ever-moving Is it probable that those inestimable Creatures whose very Essence declares them to be made for a high or end were created for nothing but to actuate these Bodies for a momentary space and then to return to nothing Shall those Pious and Divine Souls who for hopes of the Fruition of the endless Pleasures of another Life have wich great alacrity and content of mind undergone the difficulties of this Mortal Pilgrimage find nothing at the end of their Journey for their reward but a final annihilation And shall the malevolent Slaves of the Devil who have lavished their Patrimony and spent their days in serving the God of this World and in doing Obeisance to their Lusts and Debauched Appetites be discharged from the Penalty of their horrid Crimes by a Cessation of their Essence What can prove a greater Derogation from the Equity of a just Creator than so gross and Supposition Will He From its Origin who hath formed a Creature so like himself so soon destroy it What can be a greater Reflexion on his Wisdom Shall that puff of Divine Breath which had its Rise from Gods Immediate Inspiration subside vanish and become a Non entity Certainly That hand that could immediately produce a Being out of nothing can by an Immediate Concourse preserve it from relapsing into nothing again neither are there any Motives to perswade him that can do this to will the contrary Were the Soul generated from the Parent it might then be corruptible but it hath its Origin from a higher Principle it must needs the● be of a Nature more lasting permanent and durable From its Union It s Union also is another Test o● its Immortal Existence if it were united to the Animal Spriit by in near Approximation to the Nature of it or if fixt and fastened to the Pineale Glandule this might be a plausible Pretext to make us entertain some thoughts of its Mortality and Perishing with the Body whereby it is so much influenced but seeing its Union is caused by its permeating the Body and extending and diffusing it self thro every part thereof and so by a vigorous Energy actuating the same certainly all such Imaginations conceiving it Mortal are now banisht and exploded Our Fourth Topic is not likewise empty of proof to demonstrate this Truth From its Immateriality Were the Soul a Substance compounded of the Four Elements or Five Chymic Principles Blended together we should have little reason to plead for its Immortality because all Corporeal Things are subject to Corruption and have that within the verge of their own Essence that in time will cause a Dissolution in them Nam contraria contraiis destruuntur For Contrary Things are destroyed by their Contraries and all Mixed Bodies have within themselves Qualities may I call them so repugnant one to another but the Soul as hath already been proved being of an Immaterial Nature is not obnoxious to any such Cause of Mutability And Nature it self teacheth us That whatsoever hath a Being will be possessed of it until it meet with something to destroy it But now what contrary Principles opposite Elements or repugnant Qualities can Psycotomists or Anatomists of Souls I mean those that hold them Material and so Mortal find in the Analysis of Spirits There are masty more Arguments of undubitable Verity and undeniable Evidence to evince the Souls Immortality as its Infinite Desire of More Mediums to prove the same and its Solicitude about an Immortal State in Dissatisfaction under all the Felicities of this Life and vehement Appetite and Desire after Eternal Beatitude the Fear of Death the Remorses and Stings of Conscience which all Men fall under upon the Sense of Guilt But the Largeness of the Subject and the intended Brevity to which I have limited myself will admit only of a Transitory Glance upon every Thing that occurs to our Speculation Of the Stale of the Soul after Death that it doth not sleep Having therefore proceeded thus far I shall add a little concerning the Manner of the State the Soul remains in immediately after its Dissolution from the Body and that it That I do not believe as some do That it remains in a State of Sleep and Stupor till the Resurrection but that it takes up an Aereal Vehicle and hereby its Motion is made Feasible which if the Soul were devoid of a Body it would be impossible to perform If the Soul immediately after its Separation from the Body pass not only into a State but a Place either of Eternal Misery or Everlasting Happiness it is contrary to the Laws of Nature it should be carried thither without a Body That Souls assume Vehicles after Death for Loco motion is a Property of Bodies and no way to be performed by Spirits separate from Bodies Besides to argue for Vehicles it is a Priviledge proper only to the Deity to live and act alone without Vital Union with a Body It is Natural to a Soul to inliven a

Venters we come now to the Artus which are the Hands and Feet The Hand and its parts A Hand in the signification of Galen and Hypocrates is that part from the top of the Shoulders to the extremities of the Fingers and is divided into the Arm and the Hands strictly so called or the extream Hand The Arm is again divided into the Humerus or Shoulder and the Cabitus The Humerus is that part from the top of the Shoulder to the Elbow and the Cubit is from the flexure or bending of the Elbow to the Wrist the extream Hand is divided into the Carpus or Wrist which is that part between the Cubit and the Palm of the Hand the Metacarpus which is that part between the Wrist and the beginning of the Fingers and the Fingers the intern part of the Metacarpus is called Vola or the Palm of the Hand the extern Dorsum or the Back of the Hand the Fingers are five the first is called Pollex or the Thumb the second Index the third Digitus Medius the fourth Annularis the fifth Anricularis The Foot with its Parts The Foot is that part which reaches from the Nates to the extremities of the Toes and just as the Hand it is divided into the Femur the Tibia and Pes Parva the Pes Parva is also divided into Pedius Metapedius and the Toes As for the Muscles of the Artus I shall refer the Reader to those that treat of them as Bartholine Riolan and Spigelius Having ended the Divisions of the whole Body there yet remain some other things that do respond both the Venters and the Artus already treated on and they are the Veins which arise from the Liver and so answer to the lower Venter the Arteries from the Heart which answer to the middle Venter the Nerves from the Head which serve the upper Venter and the Bones which respond to the Artus But I doubt I have been already too tedious in this Chapter and therefore I shall at present omit them and so altho something abruptly end this Chapter CHAP. X. Of the Humours Temperaments and Complexions HAving thus far done our endeavour in delineating in their proper Colours those things we promised in the Front of Title Page of this Discourse now those that remain do offer themselves in their proposed Order to our Consideration and Explication and they are the Humours Temperaments Complexions Sexes and Ages of Mankind to begin with the first we shall joyn three of them together being terms almost of a Synonimous Signification or at least their Explications very much depending one upon another onely first in a prefatory way let me advertize or re-mind both my self and the ingenious Reader of the great usefulness and benefit of the knowledge of them that so I may be more diligent in performing my part and the Reader hereby instigated to give greater attention to what is here exposed to his candid perusal The great use and benefit of the knowledge of the Temperament●s It is not enough to have an Idea in our Head of the solid parts of the Body in order to a compleat knowledge of that Microcosm but also it is very requisite to note the fluid parts and truly the Anatomy of that which some call the Sanguine Liquor I mean that fluid Substance continually circulating thro the Veins and Arteries and purging it self thro its proper Emunctories those Vessels destin'd for Secretion is no less conducing to the defence of Humane Sanity and the restoration of it when it s lost which is the only end aspired after by the generous Sons of Aesculapius those standing Pillars and Columns of the Medicinal Faculty those absolutely necessary Ministers of Nature and under God preservers of Mankind in their daily Practice and Labours both in their Acts of Charity and Deeds of Mercy in those things for which they only expect a recompence from God and in those for which they are sufficiently gratified by Men I say this is no less conducing to the Health of Man than the dissection of Bodies What particular part of Learning can contain in it more both of profit and pleasure than to know the Principles or ingredients that compose this Balsom of Life and to see what a close coherence there is between the Actions both Natural Vital and Animal and Passions Gestures Habits the Qualities of the Body as Heat Cold Moisture and Dryness Colour of the Skin and Hair and the Temperaments of the Body and what an intimate dependance they have one upon another how the Health of Man consists in the regularity and order of the Humours and Sickness in their ataxy and irregularity and how by a prospect into the Complexion of a Body Sickness impending may be fore-seen and effectual preservations being in time applied the fatal end of such surprizing enemies may easily be prevented and certainly the best method a Physician can use to restore a Person almost overcome by the assaulting violence of morbific tyranny either when the Particles of his Blood are violently agitated in a continual Fever that vehement Conflagration and boiling Ebullition of the Crimson Juice or when the more solid parts especially the Vital and Intestine are almost drowned when immersed in the deluge of a Dropsie that flood and inundation of watery Humours in the Body or when by the Obstruction of the Pores the Gall a feculent and excrementitious part of the Blood doth regurgitate and mingle it self with the pure Blood and hereby contuminate it and give it that unhandsome tincture of the Yellow Jaundice I say what can be more effectual to rout and profligate these direful Symptoms than to reduce the Blood from the vitiation of which Liquor these and a thousand more sad and dangerous effects have their first rise to its pristine eucrasie and also the Humours of the Body to their wonted eutaxie for Sublata causa tollitur effectus Take but the Cause away and the Effect soon ceaseth so that hereby the state of those Bodies so afflicted with these tormenting Maladies is soon meliorated a good Crisis first appearing and afterwards Nature having received due and proper Auxilaries from some of her skilful Ministers I mean those Physicians tho no other deserve the Name of Physicians that are well skilled in the Complexions and Temperaments of Bodies and accordingly Methodically not Emperically apply their Remedies doth throw off that morbific Matter whereby she had so long been burthened and molested upon which all those Malidies do like Spectrums vanish and disappear The Temperaments The number of the Temperaments according to Galen according to the Opinion of Galen and the Ancients are Nine four of which are simple as the Hot the Cold the Moist and the Dry Temperament four compound Hot and Moist Hot and Dry Cold and Moist Cold and Dry and one Moderate which they call Temperamentum 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 But our thoughts concerning Heat and Cold and the other Qualities cannot but be

of the Foetus striving to get out and another of the Vterus it self endeavouring to exclude the Foetus All things being thus arrived to a Mature State and the Matrix being near Delivery doth bear down groweth soft and openeth its Orifice the Waters also as they commonly call them are gathered that is a certain part of the Chorion in which the aforesaid Humour is contained doth usher in the Foetus and slide down from the Matrix into the Vagina or Sheath of the Womb and the Neighbouring Parts also are loosened and ready to distend and the Articulation of the Os Sacrum and the Share-bone to the Hanch-bone which Articulation is by Synchondrosis or a grisly Ligament is so softened and loosened that the aforesaid Bones do easily give way to the parting Infant and by gaping open do amplifie the whole Region of the Hypogastrium or lower Belly and when these things are in this condition it is certain the time of Birth is at hand As for the time when the Birth happens In what Month the Birth commonly happens altho it be regular in almost all other Animals yet in Women it is very enormous for sometimes it happens in the Seventh Month sometimes in the Ninth sometimes in the Tenth or Eleventh seldom in the Eighth if it does the Infant seldom lives the Cause of which Astrologers attribute to the unhappy Influx of Saturn which they say rules on the Eighth Month. The ordinary Computation of going with-Child observeth that time which our Blessed Saviour the Perfectest of all Men did fulfil in the Virgins Womb namely from the Day of Annunciation which is in March to the Blessed day of His Nativity which is celebrated in December and according to this Rule the Sager Matrons keeping their Account while they cast in the wonted day in every Month wherein they were accustomed to have their Purgations they are seldom out of their Reckoning but Ten Revolutions of the Moon being expired they are delivered and reap the fruit of their Womb upon that very day whereon were it not for their Pregnation their Purgations would ensue CHAP. XII Of the Sexes NAture or rather the God of Nature after the large and stately Theatre of this World was erected and perfectly finished began to contemplate what kind of Creatures might be best adapted to Act upon this lower stage and therefore Man being a Creature endued with Reason was chosen to be the Chiefest Actor and that the Comedy might be carried on with more Variety Nature the Disposer of it thought it requisite that the Persons whom she would cause to Act their several distinct and different Parts in various Scenes and several Circumstances might be discriminated one from another not only by the difference of their magnitudes complexions ages or physiognomies but also of their sexes and that they might not only be invested with different Apparel but that their Souls might be Cloathed with Bodies of different composures Thus She hath contrived that the Spectators might be pleased with the Varieties of Men and Women and that the Rules of Oeconomics in visible practice and the Actions of Lovers might be the better represented in their proper Scenes Here may be seen how the Diligent House-wife is busie in her Domestic Affairs while her Careful Husband is sedullous abroad in getting a supply Here also in another Scene we may behold how the Amorous Glances of an Atracting Beauty do Captivate the Affections of the Nobler Sex how a doteing Lover Courts his Mitriss while She at first requites him with nothing but Coyness and Aversness but at last being overcome with the restless and unwearied Expressions of his Love she breaks forth into a career of Love and professeth he hath won her Affections and elevated her Mind into such a passion that it is now impossible for her to restrain from breaking forth into the most ardent Raptures and pathetic Expressions of an undoubted Love now her former pretended Coyness is turned into amorous Embraces and her wonted seeming Aversness to the Caresses of entire Amity and modest Kisses become Badges to discover those flames of pure Love which she couched under the surface of an incensed Breast Strangeness is now turned into Familiarity small Acquaintance into Conjugal Society and former Separation into a close Union of two Minds and a mutual Enioyment one of another The Distinction of Man into two Sexes It being our business to consider Man in all manner of such like circumstances we shall here take occasion to exantlate something concerning the Sexes appropriated to Mankind and they are generally known under the Names of Male and Female The Male his Nature and Difference from the Female The Male on whose Masculine Soul Nature hath conferred a Body in Strength and Vigor almost adequate to it is of a hotter and drier Temperature than the Female for if we can give credence to our common Anatomists Whena Male and when a Female is generated the Seed whereof the Male is generated is of a hotter Nature than that whereof the Female because say they it descends out of the right Side from the Trunc of the Vena Cava while that which affords Matter for Generation of the Female proceeds out of the left Side from a branch of the Emulgent Their Native Heat invigorating their Bodies makes them robust and more fit for Labour and gives them a vehement Pulse and Respiration and causes in them a strong and Man like Voice exhales and dries up the relicts of Humidity which Nature cannot dispose of for Nutrition and leaves nothing at all superfluous and hence the abundance of Vapours which this insulting Heat causeth to be emitted thro the Pores of the Body some of them there at their very Exit thence are condensed by the Extern Ambient Cold and there remain in the Form of Hairs for which is very observable Nature hath given a Hair to every Pore unless those which are constituted in those places where by Attrition Mhey are continually worn off ●or their Generation impeded hence it is that Men are more Hairy than Women even in the whole Superfice of their Bodies these innate colorific Particles do by their agitating Virtue cause the Blood more briskly to ferment and circulate with more velocity they amplifie the Veins and other Vessels and make the whole Structure of the Muscles more compact and solid as for the influence this hath on the Soul or what different Operations it causeth in the Mental Faculties we may only take notice that they of this Sex have a more profound judgment than those of the other tho not so acute a Phansie their Wills are more stable and resolute tho they are so full of Affection The Female The Female the Character of whose generous Sex I know not how to delineate least by attempting it I should too much derogate from their Worth and Excellency is of a colder and moister Constitution yet of a more delicate and finer Contexture

good and wise ends unknown to us reserve to himself the continual exercise of his Creative Power in the successive production of new Souls The other is Neither is it propogated Extraduce that the Soul is propogated Extraduce from the Soul of the Parent but the absurdity of this Opinion is evident enough from these following reasons Several Arguments against the Souls Propagt 1977. 1 This Hypothesis supposeth the Soul of the parent to be Discerpible and so to Communicate its own Essence to the Constituting the Soul of the Foet us which can be granted to no Incorporeal Being 2 It supposeth multitudes of Souls daily Created which never come to perfection as in Abortions and Effluxes of Seed and this suppofition cannot but too much derogate from the Wisdom of the Divine Architect 3 Such is the Genesis of any thing as is the Analysis but this is the Analysis of Man that the Body should return to the dust whence it came and the Spirit to God that gave it so that seeing the Spirit had its immediate Origen from God at its Creation doubtless at its Dissolution it doth immediatly retuen to him 4 Were the Soul Generated Extraduce it must either be from the Soul or from the Body of the Parent not from the SOul because nothing can be Generated of a thing Incorporeal Incorpireal Beings do not come under sch alterations not from the Body quia nil dat quod in se non habet Because no Incorporeal Thing can be produce out of a Thing Corporeal Not from both for then the Soul of the Partus would certainly participate of the Nature of them both and so become a Substance partly Corporeal and partly Incorporeal 5 The only Way and Method of its being done were it possible it could be done is enough to Induce us to believe the contrary for then the Soul would be a Substance Compounded of Two pieces of a Spirit the one abstracted from the Spirit of the Male the other from the Soul of the Famale Parent and these Two Pieccs or Paris Blended together into one to Compose a Rational Soul which supposal how Irrational Fictitious and Ridiculous it is any Rational Creature may presently apprehend The true Origen of a Soul viz. That it is immediately Created by God It reamins then that we lay down the true Origen of the Soul which is that it was immediately created by God and infased into the Body This Opinion though it be ancient yet several considerable reasons do incline me to believe it as Orthodox and Genuine and the verity of it may easily be manifested not only by the Confutation of the Two former Opinions but from the Testimony of Sacred Writ viz. he formed the Spirit of Man within him CHAP. IV. Of the Vnion of the Soul to the Body THe Soul being a Substance of an Active and Vigorous Nature God who is its Prime Parent being the Father of Spirits deemed it requisite to bestow upon it a Body dilicately Fabricated not only that this might be its Domicil wherein it should lye Incarcerate That Spirits stand in need of Bodies to Act in as the Platonists would have us believe but he really intended that a part of a Spirits felicity should consist in its Union to some body or other which it might make Use of as a compleatly Organized Machin whereby the better to performe its Actions therefore to Angelic Spirits he gave AEthereal Lucid and Star-like Bodies to the Souls of Men while they continue in these Lower Regions Terrestial Bodies yet curiously Fabricated and fit for their Motions and Operations but when they are devested of these by the assaults of Death then he orders them to enter into Aerial Vehicles that so the easier they may Soar into the invisible Regions of the Coelestial Habitacle and to retain these till the Resurrection when they shall re-assume their former Bodies Transformed and Modified into the Nature of Angelic ones But I shall refer a further Procedure upon this till I come to the Immortality of the Soul and shall here treat a little of the manner of its Union to these our Bodies This is a thing so sublime that it transcends the reach of humane intellect to conceive so capacious that it exceeds the limits of Reason to comprehend so abstruse and difficult that it puzzels the Wits of all Philosophers to demonstrate how Two Substances the one Spiritual the other Corporeal things of a quite contrary Nature should constitute but one Compositum what Medium these can be found for their Union by what means the more principal part doth Vivifi● and Actuate the part more inferiour what moving Virtue it doth Exert and Communicate to the Body and by what kind of contact this is done Surely these are things that none but he that is the Sole Author of these Phoenomena can demonstrate how or in what manner they are performed yet that they are performed is very apparent and such is the curiosity of that busie and Pragmatic Creature Man that he cannot contain himself from Prying into the Causes of those things the effects whereof declare them so to be tho they are never so abstruse He thinks there is nothing so locked up in the Cabinet of Nature but by his diligence he may find the Key or that there are no Rareties Treasured up in the Magazine of this Created World that he by a diligent Scrutiny cannot find out Some therefore will tell us That in Man there are Three Essential parts a Body a Soul and a Spirit the Body say they is a Substance made of the Grosser Matter viz. Flesh Blood Bones Nerves Cartilages Veins Arteries c. The Soul is a Substance tho Material yet of an AEtherial and Subtilized Nature Fiery and Flammeous Participating both of the Nature of a Body and of a Spirit and the Spirit which is their Third ingredient in their noble Composition is altogether Incorporeal United to the Body by the mediation of the Corporeal Soul Others will affirm that the Soul being the Ruling part The Cartesians sits like a Queen in the Palace of the Brain upon her Throne the Conarion which is a little Glans●lous Body almost in the midst thereof there she Contemplates of the Regions of her Kingdom and the Members of that Common-wealth being always attended with her Viceroy the Animal Spirit whereby she doth at Pleasure send an Embassy into the most Remote Parts of this little World thro the nerves But how well the Authors or Abetters of these Two Opinions have hit the Mark. I leave to the Credulous Reader to determine concerning the First I shall only Query a few things That the Soul is not United by the Mediatioc of the Corporeal Soul evinced by several Queries 1 Whether it be sense to say a Meterial Soul 2 Suppose it be whether there be any such thing as they imagine by it in the Body of Man 3 Whether Body and Spirit be not things of

Memory they are dull and blockish of a very slow and obtuse Ingeny they are very placable and soon reconciled extreamly devoted to sleep they dream of Cold Waters Floods Ponds Seas Rain Snow Drownings and white Things their Pulse is little and slow they have a small Appetite little or no Thirst they grow Old very slowly and have very little Inclination to Venery but in the moderate use find much benefit because by stirring up in them the Natural Heat which is almost Dormant the Phelgm is concocted and the Body made more temperate They are better in fair Weather and always worse in cold and rainy Weather the Distempers ●●at they are most addicted to are Catarrhs Coughs Dropsies Cachexies Lethargies Palsies Appoplexies c. They excern a crass white and insipid Excrement thro the Mouth and Nostrils their Urine is white and thin and Women of this Complexion are often troubled with that which they call the Whites which is an efflux of a thin white Humour thro the Vterus either continually or at least in no Order or certain Period The last of the Four Complexions which yet remains is the Melancholic How to distinguish when the Melancholic Humour i● predominant Those of this Constitution are cold and dry their Colour is brown or somewhat black they are of a lean habit of Body their Veins are very streight and narrow their Hair is black hard rough or crass slowly encreasing and soon hastening to the Canities of Old Age they are very obnoxious to ●ear and sadness and that sometimes without any known or manifest cause yet they are prudent cautious wary constant and ingenous but where this atrabilous Humour is adust they are treacherous and unfaithful they are very difficult to be moved to Anger but when they are they are almost implacable they have a very strong Memory by reason of Siccity they are very wakeful and sleep very interruptedly and disquietly they dream of black Things Murthers dead Bodies Graves and the Devils c. They have a very uncertain Aspect and sad Countenance their Pulse is tardy and hard they have for the most part a good Appetite because of the Acidity of this Humour which is prepared for the concoction of Food in the Ventricles and stirring up of Cold yet sometimes thro the Vitiation of this Humour the Appetite is very much dejected they have but little Thrist because of the Serum and Spittle which abounds in this Constitution they have often sower Belchings which arise from those Crudities wherewith Melancholy Persons do abound they are very tardy in the performance of Venereal Acts and receive very much injury from the frequent use of them yet those are more prone to them that abound with Flatulencies and are hereby often excited to Venereal Actions they are very subject to Tumours and hardnesses of the Spleen and Hypochondriac Affects to Tertian Agues Leprosies Warts and Haemorrhoids c. They often vomit and spit frequently Hence Melancholy Persons are often called Sputatores they are commonly Costive and their Excrements are blackish they also avoid black Blood thro the Haemorrhoids their Urine is thin and white sometimes crass and livid Thus we have given a brief Specimen of the Four Constitutions let me now subjoyn that I would not have the Reader think me so much devoted to the trite old Galenic way as to think that the Blood is a Composition of these Four Humours blended together or that I am so strict a Chymist as to explode and utterly reject the Notion of the Four Humours as a useless and unprofitable Fiction and only adhere to their Doctrine tho very ingenuous of the Five Principles But our Apprehensions are that tho it be utterly untrue that there are in the Vessels Four distinct Humours Dr. Castle 's Chymical Galenist for whatsoever is contained in the Arteries and Veins is either the stale deflragrated Blood or the Alimentary Juice fresh come into the Vessels or else the Serum or Whey returned by the Lymphaducts or else some particles of Nitre and other Bodies received in by the Lungs and Mouths of the Veins from the Ambient and tho the Blood differ in several Bodies only as to the abundance or defect of Natural Heat yet Men are not improperly said to be of a Melancholic Choleric or some other Temperament insomuch as by how much the more vigorous or remiss the Bowels and Entrails are by so much the more weakly or powerfully Concoctions are performed Willis de Fermentatione Febribus and consequently the Blood apt to be overcharged with stale and adust or else crude and phlegmatic Excrements in which the Person either way disposed is not improperly said to be of a Phlegmatic or Choleric Temper and if the adust or raw Excrement be not rightly and duly seperated out of the Mass by the effervescency of the Blood I see no reason why I may not say A Man abounds with a Melancholic Phlegmatic or Choleric Humour and it so than the Notions about Pharmacy aiming at an evacuation or else alteration of the Humours are not framed amiss nor without good reason for I suppose it alters not much the case as to practice whether we suppose there is too great a redundancy of one of the Humours in the Blood or whether which is the right Notion we apprehend the Blood depraved with a phlegmatic or raw Juice or a bilose Excrement consisting of Salt and Sulphur or the Melancholic in which the Caput Mortuum or earthy part is predominant for either of these Notions will direct us when the Blood is unable to fine it self to assist it with those Alteratives which time and experience hath recommended to us as proper in those cases and those Purgers which have been long observed more particularily to make separation either of the Pituitous Choleric or Melancholic Parts of the Blood for tho it be irrational to think that Purgers do with a certain knowledge or choice lay hold of one Humour rather than another yet is that distinction of Purgers into Cholagoga Phlegmagoga Melanagoga and Hydragoga of very good use and founded upon Observation and Experience insomuch as the several Purgers by causing very different Fermentations and variously agitating the particles of the Blood may with good reason cause different Seperations and so one Purger to evacuate that sort of Excrement Barm or Lee which another cannot The Doctrine of the Four Humours reconciled with that of the Five Chymic Principles Thus our Doctrine of the Four Humours doth not destroy that of the Five Principles for altho it is apparent that in the Blood there are five Principles as Spirit which is the Subtile and Volatle part of it whose Particles being always expanded endeavouring to take their flight do agitate the gross Corpuscles of the other Principles wherein they are ininvolved and so keep them in that continual Motion of Fermentation Sulphur which is a Principle of a Consistence somewhat more crass than Spirit

Autumn of his Middle-Age bids Adieu to the pleasures of them all and now hath nothing else to enjoy but the hardship of a sharp and troublesome Winter now Baldness with a Ca●ities of some still adhering locks is his Heads best Ornament and while he walks leaning on his Staffe he sensibly experiences the latter part of Sphynx's Riddle An universal lassitude now seizes the Members of his Body and a thousand maladies accompany him to his Grave Old-Age it self is a compound disease attended with numerous direful Symptomes as Cachexies Imbecillities of the Stomach dejected Appetite Obstructions undue Concoctions of the Blood both as to its Serum Bile and Melancholy Constriction of the pores Costiveness and a very tardy deposition and exclusion of the foeces Anxieties of the Mind Nocturnal Inquietudes Pains in the Head Now the Nerves are contracted by painful Convulsions or on the contrary loosened by Paralytic Affects now the whole tone of the Parts is vitiated Respiration impeded and the flesh made arid He is now perplexed with a continual Catarrh and the perpetual distillation of Phlegm upon his Lungs causeth a difficulty of breathing also by reason of the exsiccation of the Aspera Arteria and induration of the Cartilages of the Larynx there is caused either a total abolition or at least a depravation or diminution of the voice in fine all manner of loathsom Diseases are here accumulated and the whole Gang of cruciating dolors are here in concatinated For Febre caret Sola circumsilit agmine facto Morborum omne genus There is scarce any Infirmity incident to Man except a Feaver that is not predominant in Old-Age he is beset and surrounded with a troop of Diseases when he is altogether unable to resist a single one The Conclusion Thus Man having lived out this Age also at last dies and becomes a victime to his last but Fatal Enemy Now his Pulse is stopt and that which Physicians call Facies Hypocratica is Excellenty Delineated in his Countenance he now resigns himself up a Captive to Death and acknowledgeth him the Conquest Thus we have in a very short Discourse concluded the whole Description of Man both as to his Spiritual and Corporeal Part as to his Constitutions and Sexes and likewise from Head to Foot and from his first Conception to his last Dissolution FINIS ADVERTISEMENT WHEREAS part of the Noble Faculty of Physic consisteth in preserving the Health of Man when present as well as restoring it when it is lost and wanting the Author of the fore-going Discourse hath thought fit to advertise those into whose hand this small Treatise may accidentally fall that to prevent those Maladies that oft times insesinbly accost the Body he hath prepared most excellent and effectual Tablets of a very pleasant and grateful Taste two or three of which being dissolv'd in the Mouth in a Morning after the manner of Lozenges and fasting an hour or two after is an excellent Preservative of Health expelling from the Body the cause of those Distempers which for want of due and timely care in using such Preservatives do at last so triumph over the Body that the Force and Vertue of more Herculean and powerful Medicines can hardly suppress them They resist all manner of Putrifaction and are an effectual Antidote against whatsoever Contagion they preserve the Lungs and free the Stomach and Intestines from those Crudities that so often precipitate the whole Mass of Blood into such violent Ebullitions and undue Fermentations as either and in Agues Feavers or some Acute Paroxisms or else either extinguish the Native Heat and Vital Spirit or cause to be exhaled the Natural Primogenial Moisture and so bring upon the whole Body a Combination of such Chronic Distempers as are very difficult to be cured which before by such a safe Medicament as this might have easily been prevented They keep the Body soluble and purge very gently and prevent several Indipositions that proceed from Costiveness neither are they altogether Preservative but likewise Restorative for they are very good against the Scurvey Dropsie Jaundies Griping of the Guts Cachexy or an ill Habit of Body proceeding from undue Concoctions they open all Obstructions of the Liver Spleen and Bowels and remove Pains of the Heart Head and Stomach in short they so rectifie alter and qualifie the whole Mass of Blood that they exceedingly help Nature in throwing off almost whatsoever Morbific Matter oppresseth her and may safely be used in whatsoever Maladies of the like Nature one or two of them may also be dissolved in a Dish of Coffee or Tea and have the like Effects He hath also invented an approved Tincture of a curious purple Colour grateful both to the Taste and Smell which hath almost the same Operation with the fore-mentioned Tablets especially it is very successfully used both to prevent and remove that grand Enemy of Mankind the SCURVEY with all its direful Symptoms by preserving the Oeconomy of Nature in the Humane Body in its due Order and Eutaxy viz. Causing in the Blood a proportionate Fermentation and reducing it to its regular Circulation opening Obstructions in those Parts which Nature hath destin'd and appointed to secern and throw off the Excrements of the Blood and so expelling those useless and unprofitable Parts which Nature hath no longer deemed fit to remain Ingredients of that wholesome Liquor and Balsom of Life Hereby it takes away Pains and Aches in the Limbs Pustle and Breakings-out in any part of the Body Pimples and Flushings in the Face Rheum in the Head and Eyes c. Three or four Spoonful of it being taken Night and Morning for a few days together and for the more speedy expedite and effectual profligating the insulting force of the fore-mentioned Maladies the Tablets may be taken with it at the same time The Tablets are seal'd up in little Boxes the whole Box at Two Shillings the hall Box at one Shilling The Tincture is also seal'd up in half pint square Glasses at 2 s 6 d and are both to be sold at the places hereafter mentioned viz. Mr. Fosters at the Bible and Sun on London Bridge Bookseller Mr. Flagets at the Atlas in Cornhil Stationer Mr. Bates at the Three Black Birds in Red-cross-street Tinman Mr. Whites at the Three Cups next door to the Horn-Tavern in Fleet-street Cutler Mr. Landers at the Corner of the Old Bailey near New-gate Tinman And at the Authors Lodgings next door to the Dolphin in Sighs-lane near Budge-row