asserts a true Apoplexy to be generated Ab effuxu Spirituum totali ad instrumenta sensus motus praepedito quod fiet ob principii omnium Nervorum vel Obstructionem vel compressionem subito factam unde denegatis Spiritibus Animalibus quamvis abundent â—â—â—les Apoplexia sequitur And this Stoppage according to him may be either at the Pores of the Medulla that admit the Arteries or are open to them or those through which they are distributed into the Nerves This Hypothesis labours under many Difficulties suggested both from Reason and Experience for as it is necessary that the Seat of the Animal Spirits should be exempt from any forreign Intrusion so Nature seems to have secur'd it like the Palace of Princes by previous passes Neither does the Brain appear lyable to the Inconveniencies that other Secretory Glands are from their own Acidity or Admission of less prepar'd or grosser Juyces which procure their Obstructions And accordingly we do not find that a Colluvies of Serum or a Scrumous Brain to have induc'd this Distemper And even in that plainer case which is allow'd where an Apoplexy proceeds from a Plethora and a Weakness of the Brain I have always found some farther Explication necessary as to account why so sudden why not in all Ages and Seasons and the like And on the other hand that the Brain cannot want a sufficient Afflux of Blood Nature as in other parts so here hath made provision as by Anatomy appears Our great Dr. Willis hath in my Judgment clear'd this Point by two Instances one of an Obstructed Artery without an Impediment to the Course or at least a sufficient Afflux of the Blood The other of an Apoplexy without any appearance of Obstruction or disorder in the Brain And more closely trâ—cing the Seat of this Distemper to the Originâ— of Sense and Motion hath fix'd it in the Meditâ—llium cerebri And besides that there is the Spring of Life there is good reason to excuse the Cortical part since Instances are frequent in Authors unquestionable of Portions of it taken out at Wounds of the Head without any pernicious Consequence And therefore whereas Dr. Cole is pleas'd to suppose that the Seat of the Distemper as where the Cause that influentially occasions the Defection of Natures due Actings first fixes it self I do not see it essential to this Distemper to be an Affection of this part but with deference to that very Learned and Excellent Physician must observe that the Enemy sometimes escapes this Secretion without leaving any marks of its footing and therefore am inclin'd with Dr. Willis to place it In aut prope cerebri Meditullium upon the entrance of which it exerts its power But if he pleases to consider the Cortical part as it is Secretory and as it is first affected in a gradual or habitual Apoplexy I think that must be allow'd Dr. Willis then proceeds to induce a Profligation of the Spirits to solve the sudden and light assault of this Distemper An Apoplexy he distinguisheth into Accidental and Habitual which he considers sine Procatarxi or with an Antecedent Cause The Causa conjuncta proxima aut est magna Solutio continui alicubi intra aut prope cerebri meditullium contingens propter quam poris obstructis aut compressis emanatio omnis supprimitur vel est ingens as subita spirituum in Cerebro degentium profligatio aut extinctio Another Species that may be temporary he supposes an Affection of the Cerebellum The Solutio continui is either from Blood an Aposthem or 3ly a Serous Colluvies The reason of an Extemporaneous Apoplexy he assigns in the Conjunct Causae In Paroxysmo materiam congestam in ambitu cerebri prius aggestam dispersam demum in Meditullium ejus dâ—scendre ibidemque spiritus omnes adoriri in ipso emanationis suae fonte supprimere prosternere et si non plane constat utrum illud efficiat aut medullae poros tantum infarciendo aut Spiritus istos profligando iisque narcosin infligendo verisimile utroque modo His Procatarctic Sanguis in vitio vel cerebrum in crasi imbecillum secundum poros meatus ejus laxum solutum nimis materiam morbificam absque repudio admittit That happy Author the above-mentioned Dr. Cole in his Treatise occasion'd by the late Frequency of Apoplexies by his Inquiry into the Materiae Morbificae indoles hath not a little illustrated the Cause of this Distemper His Sense as I understand it is this From Observation made of the Weekly Bills of Mortality he dates the Aera of their Increase from 1683. Upon which Substratum he naturally deduces the Cause of this Distemper from Cold and observes that to account for it very well In order to the understanding the Nature of Cold he reduces the Notion of it to these Considerations 1. That Sensible Qualities though they are not among the general Affections of Matter as Motion Rest Bulk Figure c. yet are consequent to it but determin'd by these and associated to somewhat that has Perception 2. As Cold makes an Impression on our Sensories so it requires Motion and it is not Motion simply but consider'd with some adjunct viz. Motion in such or such a Degree and with relation to Sensitive Beings that constitutes Heat 3. The Transmission of these Impressions to the Soul requires a Motion in our Organs but such a one as may keep up a due Crasis in both the Fluid and Consistent Substances that make up the Organ for the performing the Functions appointed 4. That these Congenial Motions seem not properly Objects of our Perception but rather Instruments of Transmission of those others from without which recede from these Degrees or are otherwise Circumstantiated Though these deflecting from their due Proportion may by affecting the Soul differently from what they use to do excite her to take notice of them too 5. That these mean Motions are to us a Standard of all others From all which our Author deduces Cold to be a Check of that degree which belongs to the Parts of and Fluid Substances in our Sensories of Touching and Heat to be an Acceleration and the Bulk and Figure of the Bodies that cause either to be considerable The Retardation which makes the Nature of Cold may be occasion'd by increase of bulk and change of Figure by Adhesion 2 By altering the due Contexture of the Vessels 3. If the affecting Bodies be of such a Figure and Texture as to be flexible 4. By Interposing they may fill the Spaces and may be the present Case Now as Conical or Pyramidal Figures solve this Phaenomenon best so he gives the Nitrous parts of the Air those Figures from des Carte's Notion and Lewenhook's Microscopical Autopsy To enquire how our Bodies and Brain are affected by these he observes the Air to affect as Liquors 1. The Blood into which it is admitted by the Stomach by the Lungs and Pores of the Skin
I have been pleas'd with the evidence of Art when I could not readily cure a Disease viz. an Epilepsie that came on at 27 in the true Prediction of its declining and departure at 30 and of the Diseases that assaulted at 14 superceded at 18. The Apoplexy which is cured by the more acid Chalybeats and reliev'd by the light ones transcends the common Notions of the other glandular Diseases as it is an Affection of the very Root of Life it self and requires a particular Consideration in order to inform us how and where this Remedy is proper for although it is evident that it is an Affection of the medullary part of the Brain whence Sense and Life is distributed yet with submission to better Judgment I conceive the Accounts of this Disease are at a loss about the Production of it when they come to the immediate Cause and the long Excursion this Enquiry demands as it is unavoidable so is so seasonable also by reason of the Increase and Frequency of this Disease here especially in the Country where this Year it has insulted more than ever that I question not but the Acceptableness of the Disquisition will excuse it I shall distinctly view the Nature of an Apoplexy and Disposition it consists in The Causes of it The Differences and lastly The suitable Intentions and Indications The general Phaenomenon upon Dissection of those that dye of this Distemper being an Effusion of Blood upon the Brain Authors do generally agree in placing the Production of this Disease in an Obstruction made at the Brain and must be allow'd to be produced in the Cortical part and conceive this to be made by some Congestion in the Blood-Vessels and which the Learned Dr. Cole supposes may be of viscous or serous Matter as it is either in quantity or freshly excited or else Polypous Concretions or any other obstructing Matter to admit which the Brain is pre-dispos'd by its Laxity or Openness in which likewise the bare Distention of the Arteries may suffice to produce it I shall with all Deference to those great Authors and particularly the last humbly offer my Conception though more grosly yet as it appears to me and best explains the Benefit of the Mineral Waters in this Case thus That an Apoplexy is a Disease of the Cortex cerebri not founded in any Obstruction though often attended by them but consisting in the Ruin of its mechanical Crasis and Temper which is such as Steel restores and Niters destroy the Causes and Nature of which is common to other Glands and produceth a Paroxysm by a Hamorrhage or Admission of Flatulent Parts consequential to this which Distemper the Suicus nutritius may arrive at either by Age or Qualities contracted upon Congestion and grossness of the Chyle or receive by Particles communicated from the Air or all joyntly besides violent Causes and so may truly be said to be seated not in the Sanguinary Vessels but Glandular Ducts But as they wrongfully charge the Blood-Vessels with the cause in that an Apoplexy may be produced without any of this as is clear from Dr. Willis's Instance so they seem incumbred in the explaining the Reason of the Abolition of Sense and Motion and in the place and nature of this Congestion the Mistakes in the Nature of this Distemper seem to me to be owing to the ill Notion of Animal Mechanism and use of the Brain wherein they suppose a Circulation or passage of Animal Spirits so necessary to Life as that the Interruption of them sufficeth to abolish it The Difficulties of which way of Solution are taken notice of by all the Writers on this Subject rather than explain'd My Sense in this Matter I shall give by considering first the Inconveniencies the Brain can suffer without this Deprivation 2ly The Vital Mechanism of the Brain And 3ly The necessary Cause or Reason of its Production as appears in the Brain And to be brief first it appears from the Dissections in Wepfer Willis and others that all the passes of the Animal Spirits at once cannot be obstructed nor a Compression of the Brain and Cerebel nor an Inflammation of the Brain or its Meninges produce it there are as just Exceptions lye against plenty of Blood nor is it from Stones generated Abounding Serum may be without it and Water beap'd within the Cranium and Ventricles And Plater's Instance proves that a Carnous Schirrhous and Fungous Tumour on the Corpus Callosum produced Stupidity and Death without an Apoplexy 2ly I shall consider the grand Design of the Brain and its vital Mechanism of which though it be inextricable in its private and more recluse Motions yet thus much appear Although Animal Mechanism is compound and Respiration is necessary to the Motion of the Blood to which the Lungs are accordingly framed and upon which Motion Life depends yet as the Pulse of the Heart is perform'd by the Nerves so the Air Atmospherical upon whose obstructing or fixing so as to hinder its Elasticity Life so suddenly ceaseth in some Animals seems to act only on the Nerves as in those that have membranous Lungs where no more Blood circulates in their Lungs than is necessary for the supply of the part whereby the Air seems to serve the Circulation in other Animals for greater force and greater Heat for those Animals first nam'd are colder and live long without Food and so both Air and the Niter of it is useful with equal Pace and in equal Degree to the Motion necessary at the Lungs to the fury of the Circulation of the Blood and to the Nourishment to be consum'd and it is observable that the Par vagum and intercostal Nerves which are the Instruments of involuntary Motion serve both Lungs and Ventricle The use then of this Heat in the Blood seems to prepare a due Elasticity in the Chyle that is to serve the Brain or parts of it be it the Spirituous part in what sense soever being accommodated to some Disposition of the Brain for in the external Air there is besides all this but answerable to this a due degree of Elasticity or quantity of elastick parts or compressure of them necessary to Life which is proportion'd to the coldness of the Animal perhaps but certainly adapted to the Spring of Life in the Brain as is seen in Fish which live by the Air yet dye in the open Air and is confirm'd in Whitings which swim deep in the Water aâ—d so with us are not liable to be taken by Nets and dye instantly upon being taken out of it The Brains of Animals are accordingly adapted to this use those who use the greatest force of the Air as Birds have the Cortical part vastly larger in proportion than men no doubt to separate the Air and perhaps corroborate the Brain and their Lungs fix'd accordingly and Fish have least Brain and Cortex too The Nature of Life and use of the Brain being thus stated to consist in the justice of a Spring
good Service to this Inquiry as to observe it and makes it a Phaenomenon the Solution of which is no small Direction But as I think the Constipation or Obstruction made by admission of the Nitrous Particles not satisfactory without accounting for the new Capacity they have obtain'd beyond what they have in other Frosts and the Difficulties of admitting them so it seems evident to me that the rise of this Disease or first increase is of a longer date And to offer my sense of this matter the Apoplexy seems to me to be one of the fix'd temporary Diseases which as they result not from the immediate Changes of Season and Weather so are rooted in some more subtile parts of the Air which Weather and Season may assist by giving them a liberty of exerting themselves and likewise a supply And because I never yet observ'd any sudden leaps ordinarily though I nicely observ'd the Air as I could made in the Production of new Diseases I was ready to judge from the rise of this at the declension of the Rickets that the actors of both were parts of equal subtilty and not much differing in Nature And I confess the Experiment of the Marbles seem to favour a Notion that there is differing degrees of Subtilty in our Atmosphere it self and so in the parts lodg'd in it I shall not attempt determining though there is great reason to believe the matter to be Nitrous by its Effect and its Cure The Reason of this Disease and Nature of the Condition of the Air producing it is probably more clearly to be seen in the Observation of the particular times of the grand Efforts of the Air in producing it in which we ought to observe the general Effects of the Air on all Bodies and carry on the Inquiry by the Effects and Power it exerts on Animal ones And because this evidence or detection of the parts affecting is liable to exception that differing Diseases are produced often at once by differing parts or distinct qualities in the operating Body and especially in so mix'd a one And again as the more subtile cause is unknown so if we discover the Particles of the Air or disposition of it that conveighs the paâ—â—ss we have small advantage I must observe that I am of Opinion that the Nature of the Air and the Disposition of it to which Diseases owe their rise are more discoverable than they at first thought give hopes of and that in so great a measure as to make the Knowledge serviceable in the known Diseases And any Man I think will be reconcil'd to my Opinion that will take the trouble of tracing Diseases in conjunction with the Air and Seasons for the Difficulties are in great measure solv'd by barely distinguishing between the Diseases produced by single Seasons and observing the constant tenour of the Humour or diseasy matter and how it receives alterations from variety of Seasons and that as the place of the Disease is partly or chiefly owing to the first so the Nature to the last of these That the present case depends on these evident Causes may reasonably be concluded not only from the increase of it joyntly with these but also that it traced in its containing and procatarctick Causes which require no more to explain than what the common effects of the Air in other Diseases exhibit and the nature of the Air thus consider'd accounts for The first time to be consider'd and which assists us in the discovery of the Cause of this Distemper from the occasion of its Increase extraordinary is the great Frost To avoid prolixness I shall only observe that as that can never determine the matter to the Brain nor account for the increase of this Disease at so great a distance and is contradicted by experience so the incidence of such a Season may give a lift to this Disease on other Considerations than the conveighing of the Frosty and grosser nitrous parts and that may be of more subtile or distinct Parts that may be contain'd or mix'd with them that may better account for this Phaenomenon which must be suppos'd to be vastly supply'd by so great a Frost which may be allow'd either to feed the more subtile or increase them by the Precipitation and Congestion of the Parts they bring and separate and leave Indeed the grand Continuation of the Increase makes this Deduction necessary both of its Subtilty and Nature The last of these must most disclose it self at the time of its abounding in the highest degree and this must be fix'd at this present Year 1698 the reason of which I shall now examine that I rightly fix the Inundation and Exorbitancy of the invading Matter on this or this and the last Year I need not indeavour to evince being so extraordinary as that the like number of Apoplecticks were never yet observ'd in this or past Ages and indeed by the generality of the Vertigo's that have invaded which must be referr'd to the same assault may be said truly to be Epidemical That the matter concern'd in this is nothing obscure or besides what is evident and obvious appears in that first the other Distempers raging at the same time were uniform and differ'd only in place the matter of which is plainly enough Nitrous but particularly because the Nature of that differs its Qualities consist in Acidity such as will not preserve from but promote Putridness Subtilty to penetrate and Liquibility to flow with the Juyces which Qualities appear easily in the Effects in both the Chronical and Acute Diseases of those Years last past It much illustrates this account to observe the steps made in the producing this general Disposition in the Air which I must here but touch at without explaining It is very notable that a Glandular Acidity attended the Diseases in 94 Epilepsies in Children and Nervous Rhumatisms in the Grown advanced with the great Mealdews in 95 both seated in the Membranes and at the Head In 96 remarkable for sudden Changes of Heat and Cold rag'd Epilepsies Vertigo's and lax Tumours and Vlcers of the Throat that came as Colds Through the Subtilty and Increase of this matter which seem'd fitted to weaken the containing parts the unseasonableness of the preceding Year reasonably assisting it obtain'd admittance at the latter end of the Year which was wet and windy to the Interior Glands as I call those that serve Life it self And now appears an odd Distemper that seiz'd with Faintness and Inquietude and Deliquiums and a yellowness of the Skin and dry Cough Vpon Dissection of one of these Bodies I discover'd a recluse Abscess in the Lungs invested with a tough Coat and containing thick Pus without any opening external or into the Bronchiae but was fed by a small Duct from the largest Gland of the Lungs which Gland was grumous and look'd and felt like powder'd Chalk The Pancreas was in the same state which occasion'd the yellâ—â—â—ess as I conceive and the Thymus emaciated
it is easie to conceive that the enlarging of the Elasticity in the Brain as well as without is enough to destroy the Mechanism of Life Now though we know not the work of this within the Brain yet it is difficult to believe and not agreeable to Experience to allow any other cause that deprives Life so suddenly as some elastick parts that can communicate too large a Degree or Scope to it which the Blood conveighing so much Air may easily do which the difficulty of Respiration thereon depending evidences By this alone may we understand to account for the appearances of the disorders of the Brain upon Dissection which now come to be consider'd As this will reach and account for those Apoplexies that shew no Stoppage nor Irruption at the Brain as those of old Age and gives a reason why they attend the Old and not the Young So we shall find those Instances wherein the Brain is forced by the Blood confirm this account It is observable from the Dissections of all that the confirm'd Apoplexy is produced by the Effusion of Blood at the Basis of the Brain out of the Carotid Artery especially the anteriour Branches of it and at which place all that have time complain And though generally the Effusion of Blood is large on this occasion yet it is observable to my purpose that the breaking in of the Blood only on one side should take away Life and which is more that the quantity of two spoonfuls of Blood at the Base of the Brain should as well effect it in both which Instances or cases the Effusion supposing a Stoppage of the Spirits could not so soon have produced it And as the last named Case of Fernelius came upon a stroke on the Eye so the like hath happen'd on a stroke on the Neck by a fall in that History of Wepfer And although this Consideration of the Vital Spring in the Brain doth not exclude other ways by which it may suffer beside the giving it too much Scope which I here assign yet I see no reason to entertain any other since other Causes are either impossible or not constantly produce this Disease and since excepting the Case of old Age which requires a distinct Explication it is ever produced by a Rupture of the Vessels as an imperfect one by admission only of unfit and rapid but small parts Again to proceed further in the Inquiry into the Nature of this Disease by informing our selves how this Rupture comes to pass we are to consider that it appears that the Condition the Blood-vessels receive by the Stoppage of the Canal by the grumous Blood or â—ccidental hardness or clâ—sure of it barely consider'd by nature are render'd ineffectual to be the occasion of this Disorder the reason therefore of it is to be had without as the Vessels may be joyntly respected or affected where they are more minute The Nature of this is to be sought from what the Compages and Affection of the part afford Now how truly the Brain understood as a Gland accounts for this must be prov'd by the Disorders those Bodies suffer and the Analogy they bear to each other That the Affections are common it evident from the Calculi Varicous Knots and Hydatides found in Apoplectick Brains at the Secretions as at 〈◊〉 Plexus Choroides The justness and genuineness of this account appears farther in the part and cause of this Disease in that the Rupture it made principally at the anteriour Branches of the Carotid Arteries nearer the Origin of the Brain where accordingly those that are seiz'd complain and that the ruptur'd Vessels are those that have gone a Compass and descend from the Anfractus of the Brain The reason of this last is to be understood by the Observations of Bellini and Malpighius who inform 〈◊〉 that the Winding of Glandular Vessels and so of the Anfractus of the Brain is to give the Blood time to stop and separate through the Glandular Pores And 〈◊〉 â—his solves the Reason partly why the Rupture is not where the Blood comes with greater force so the Imbecility of the part hath hence a Reason and points at the occasion of it in that it is where the greater part in proportion of the Chyle or nutritious Iuyce must therefore be deposited which when weigh'd together with the Consideration that the Error of the Chyle induceth all Diseases and allows the Effects of the Air and that the Fit so often seizes after full Meals and that this Disease keeps pace with the Affectio Hypochondriaca if not increas'd in time together with it and that it s so often being induced by trouble of Mind evidences the same analogous Cause and Reason are natural and to me convincing Arguments How this Rupture of the Arteries comes upon an Obstruction or heaping of Chylous parts in the Glands comes next to be examin'd It is observ'd by Wepfer in his second Dissection that the Brain there was much intenerated where the Effusion of Blood was made but whether the Laxity of the Brain or Openness of the Pores of the Tabuli or Siphons that receive the Chylous part of the Blood rendred the Brain liable to this Irruption is questionable and not to be answered so provided we know the Nature of the Parts that occasion this is not material I own the Vses of the Blood in joynt-service with the Nervous parts to be another Inquiry The Delatoryness of the Glands when obstructed in producing a Rupture of the Blood-vessels be it in the Iaundies Asthma or Dropsie and the liableness of the Glands to alteration especially upon exclusion of new saline parts from the Blood to preserve as well as supply them induce me to believe much herein to be owing to some Quality they may conceive if not sufficient to corrode the Artery at least to destroy their own Crasis Accordingly I shall now consider the Cause without us that induceth this Disposition to this Disease as sufficient to direct us which is the Air. Though I have some Reasons that draw me to an Opinion that the Particles which compose or are bore in our Atmosphere which variously affect our Bodies are so gross as to allow a Conception of their operating on the score that they are Effluvia either of the constant or new produced Bodies in the Earth but owe their Energy to some Quality depending on the various Figure or Disposition or other alteration they are liable to receive in the Atmosphere Yet not to argue from so questionable Principles I shall rather indeavour to demonstrate the Nature of the parts of it by their effect and as they appear the occasion of this Disease And this Distemper making so extraordinary insults at particular times it is reasonable to examine the Disposition of the Air whereon depended the Increase of the Disease and wherein it consists The grand increase of it upon the great Frost 1683 appearing sufficiently by the Bills of Mortality lead the Learned Dr. Cole to do so
Essential ones That which I shall take notice of here is the Prevention of the Generation of the Stone because their Pretention that makes them here Competitors is a Propriety of this Kind of Mineral Waters which is explain'd in this History and confirms it and was never before discover'd or understood The Purging Waters owing their Virtues wholly to their Salts are much more various in their Nature and the Ignorance of the different Nature of these Salts has made their different Effects unquestion'd and so hitherto to escape Observation and though the Subtilty and Fluxilness of some of these Salts and not of others may seem to most Men too slight to deserve Consideration and has neither been observ'd nor inquir'd into yet it is most certain that those very Qualities give the Waters a different Capacity Epsom and Acton which both bear only this kind of Salt that neither admits of Christallizing nor abides the Warmth of a Temperate Hand on this Account as they are more Effectual in Grosser Bodies so in Leaner in the very same Cases prevail not nor agree And on the same Score I have found them Effectual in some old Cholicks and Cramps where the Passages and Vessels that wanted cleansing were very small or the Matter glutinous or viscous The same Qualifications which these Waters have for deterging and are conspicuous in the Galling of the Arcus and Urinary Passage that attends often the Operation of these Waters above what is usually observ'd in drinking the others may reasonably enough have an advantageous Use likewise in Ulcers of the Kidneys in a cautious and judicious Hand and they often have been by me observed to be successful in some Obstructions of them which together with the Inconvenience of an Ischuria that sometimes attends their improper or unseasonable Use makes this Consideration to merit our Attention and besides the Softness of the Salt I am speaking of may give rise to a Thought that some emollient or relaxing Quality may be communicated in some cases as in Melancholy for example above what other Waters can be expected to exert But besides the Qualities now consider'd this History will inform us of Differences of the Salts of these Purging Waters in more essential Qualities and that these are almost as many as the Waters whereof some few stand at such a distance as Alkalys and Sea-salt and their Virtues are so proportionably distant that till I consider'd that the Knowledge of the first assisted me in the Observation of the latter I was apt to wonder how so frequent Instances should slip the regard of even the most considerable Men it is familiar for Scorbutick Indispositions to be relievd by one Water and aggravated by another I have known Instances of a Scorbutick Scabies and a Leprous Disease each increas'd by drinking the Water of Brentwood-weal which abated upon the use of Woodham Ferrys And this is the clearer and fairer Example because both these Diseases have been effectually cured by Lambeth Water And I may observe that this makes much for the Validity of this Account that the discoverable Qualities of the Salts of these Waters so justly correspond with their experimented Virtues for which reason in treating of those Waters now nam'd I have oppos'd or compar'd the Qualities of them to each other Indeed though the clear and convincing Detection of their Differences and of the Salts they bear relation to be only subject to nice Essays yet they confess to the bare Taste wide differences some being Bitter more Saline some some Sweet some Insipid or near the Taste of common Water some have a Vitriolick Sweetness some are Austere c. which hitherto has escap'd Observation So that Mineral Waters seem one of the greatest as well as the most useful Branches of the Materia Medica In sum It is by the understanding their Origine and Nature that we can ascertain Rules and distinguish Errors in taking them readily discover their proper Uses and by directing to other Cases and Distempers in which they may be applicable on the same Reason and Account may improve and advance their Virtues And besides the least piece of Service this does in the recording their Uses and giving those Signs that may direct the Discovery of other Wells with the advantage of an Example to direct the proving them is not inconsiderable The Benefit of all this that I may not seem to abound in my own Sense I shall give in the words of the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society All which being consider'd we cannot but add That whoever discovers such Healing Waters and publickly prescribes the safe and right Use of them does really distribute larger and nobler Alms than if he built and endow'd a Savoy for this prolongs Life and restores Health which is sometimes better than Life both to Rich and Poor to Natives and Strangers to Neighbours and Travellers According to this Design the History of these Waters will come under these three Heads The General History of them The Essays of the several Waters and then their Uses I shall treat of these two Kinds of Waters distinctly and observe that order that Repetition may be avoided and the former parts of the Discourse may enlighten the latter Of the Nature of Common Water THere are many Questions which seem to lye in my way to be discuss'd as of the Origine of Springs Nature and Origine of Mineral Juyces and Vitriols Of the Causes of the Heat of the Earth c. which the following History makes to disappear I shall therefore avoid the Prolixity caused by such Disputes and only make some Remarks on the Affections and Nature of Simple or Common Water which may help us to the better conceiving of the Nature of Mineral ones 1. Waters receive their Salts of the Earths they wash 2. Common Water holds no Metalline parts nor will receive any Mineral Acids being necessary for Vitriols And though gravelly Waters just at their Eruption will take so much of an Iron as with Galls will make Ink yet that the Acidity belch'd up at those places is a distinct thing and not of the same Original is evident in that the Water looses that Quality a few Yards from the Spring and then ceases to take any discoverable Parts or Qualities from either Iron or Copper or Brass 3. All Waters flow on a Loam or fat heavy Earth such as Tiles are made of and there is a dead heavy sort of it known by its Blackness Weight and Stonyness which is the common Floor of Springs and is therefore call'd in Norfolk the Pan of the Earth beyond which no Pump-maker expects to find Water or attempts to dig for it All the Earth above this approaches to a Nitre being so much the more Nitrous by how much more it is wrought on by the Sun and Air Nitre being receiv'd as a Name for any Native Salt of the Superficial Earth by the Sun and Air produced or separated which is void of
Lime and Mortar shall have the same 10. On the same Reason Animals dye in the exhausted Receiver upon the unbending the Spring by Exhaustion And it is worthy remark that Animals taken out before expiring are not recover'd by admission of the Air which affects not soon enough the lesser or remoter Springyness Acad. del cimento 11. That the Parts and Juyces of Animals are Elastick appears to me asserted in the Experiments of the Honourable Mr. Boyle 12. That Air is admitted to the Blood I need no other Argument but that the Blood continues to follow upon Bleeding 13. That the Air is not admitted to the Brain and Nerves or to any of the Specifick Juyce of the Animal I argue again from the like reason From all which I deduce that an Apoplexy is produced by the admission of Air or Elastick Parts to the Medulla or Corpus Callosum of the Brain And that this Air and Lethiserous parts are admitted by the Mouth and so by the way of the Stomach appears plainly in that the Fits usually seize immediately upon plentiful Feeding For the Glutinous parts of the Chyle are a fit Vehicle as being if ill concocted Flatulent and Elastick as I shall farther demonstrate when I come to the Affectio Hypochondriaca And I must take notice of the Consistency of this Notion which is confirm'd by that Affection so often passing into this Distemper That this sudden Death comes not from the other Causes I named is evident from many Reasons which I have not room here for The most difficult Phoenomenon to be solv'd that appears to me is the Apoplexy seizing Faemellae upon the difficulty of Eruption of the Catamenia at the second Septenary To which we can only say that the Plethora is apparent and the Weakness of the Brain though we see not how the Brain and Genus Nervosum is concern'd in this nor know its Motion for I allow the antecedent Causes of a Turgid Blood and a weak Brain to have place in this Distemper This my Hypothesis I think naturally consequent to the just Notions of the Air and Brain and well accounts for the Spuma at the Nostrils and Mouth and for the Difficulty of Breathing or Cessation of Respiration attended with an entire Pulse which thus may be carried on and the main Design of Respiration cease This gives the reason of the Distention of the Lungs in the Apoplectick that is mention'd by Wepferus if the Elasticity of the Internal parts of the Lungs can but be supposed to do the same that the removing of the Incumbent Atmosphere in an exhausted Receiver did on some Animals in which the Academy del Cimento observ'd the Lungs to swell and to Forth at the Mouth And thus we may solve the Difficulty observ'd by the Ancients why this Distemper affects only the Chest or Breast The only thing that we want to be satisfied of is secondly what that is in the Air that induces this Distemper now to be so rise whence we may come at the Indoles materiae morbisicae And that I may not enter into that vast Field of the Cause of Seasons and the like Effects which are taken into the Hand of God's particular Providence to manage I shall confine my self to be guided by these few Remarks 1. That no Affections of the Air or Qualities in it depend on any Mixture of Mineral Vapours because they precipitate immediately neither do we find the places where are large Eruptions of them any whit Sicklier or affected otherwise than other places And then all Distempers are otherwise Solvable 2. That the Qualities of the Air that affect our Bodies consist not in nor always with those that may be supposed to belong to the grosser Air of our Atmosphere I have known Animals frequent some Years in a hard Frost which would be suppos'd to be pernicious to them and not only my self but that most extraordinary Naturalist and universally great Man and my honoured Friend Mr. Ray hath observed that some Years the hardest Frost hath not hindred the Papilio's from coming out of their Chrysitis which in some mild Springs shall not be found abroad so soon This is the more fit Instance to prove what I say must be acknowledged by any that have observed the necessity of Heat and how much it contributes to the Production of this Change 3. That there are some Qualities in the Air always which are owing to the parts more intimately mix'd with it than is the Nitre that affects us with Cold and which passeth where the grosser is not admitted This is observable in the Effects it has on Liquors which the Managers of them are forced to have recourse to for the reason of the Disposition to ferment or fret or Incapacity of either Acidity and the like All which some Years Liquors especially Cyder is propense to be the Weather what it will 4. That Heat and Cold Wetness or Dryness of Seasons assist in inflicting a Disease as they may help admit these Particles 5. That I have observ'd these Qualities of the Air to be Temporary and the Diseases effected by the Air to be so too and that in their Continuation and Variation they usually observe the Direction of both Causes the Nature of the Humour in succeeding Distempers being usually traceable as the Variation of it is likewise accountable Now although I can by no means maintain that the Hypothesis of that Learned and Ingenious Man agrees with the Rise and Continuance of this Distemper or is sufficient to explicate it nor can answer for the Non-appearance of the Distemper before upon the same occasion Yet that it was a fair offer at the Truth and affords a good hint is remarkably to be taken notice of in that this Winter in which more have died Apoplectick and that in the Country than ever was taken notice in Man's Memory or deliver'd to have been in any Age I say that this Winter should be though not the hardest yet remarkably long does seem to make the Nitrous Air a sharer in the Cause But as I except against the Explication of this Distemper by bare Obstruction or Stagnation from Cold as not sufficient so I come now to inquire what farther knowledge of this the Air will afford us assisted by the preceding Considerations and to see how they answer here and how far the Footsteps and Changes are discoverable And as Truth is not surely to be laid hold on but when pursued by a natural Method so I wave all Hypothesis and only propose this Maxim or Rule to direct me which I take to be too necessary a Deduction to be deem'd a begging of the Principle The Air that is productive of a Distemper must produce some other Effects in differing or less prepar'd Constitutions and not hit only where it can fully execute and the Disposition Particles or Qualities of the Air may reasonably be inquir'd of these Effects as Prints of its footing The Diseases then that have been
known Cause or Occasion the best Deobstruents are such as joyn and mix with the Matter they are to exterminate of this sort is Sapo venet and Vrines humane or perhaps of other Animals and these to be promoted to the use of Chalybeat Astringents where these Waters claim their place Only I must mind the Reader that if such a Relaxation of the Vessels of the Brain attend it as appears by preceding vertiginous Warnings I must after the use of the Waters dismiss the Patient to Mr. Boyle's Ens which in the preceding Distempers of the Membranes of the Brain I have experienc'd to be most Effectual 2. As the other Method is to prevent and restore so for the present Relief in the Assault Emeticks and Catharticks usually distinguish themselves The other general and particular Evacuations fall not under my Cognizance writing a System being not my design yet Sternutatories must not escape my Reflection which I have ever observed to hasten the approaching Death to which the Nature as well as the Violence of the Motion made by Sneezing dispose them and are fit only to put the Patient past Remedy with speed And as this Monition is necessary here so a due Caution about Diet which forbids eating Pork or Eggs 〈◊〉 Meat of thick high and flatulent Nourishment is necessary to be observ'd with respect to Prevention Other Particulars that regard the Constitution of the Patient or Predisposition to this Distemper that the Physician is to judge of lye not here before me Thus much as to the Apoplexy There are many other Distempers wherein a Water of this kind is peculiarly proper to master and remove flatulent and viscous Matter and to curb the Turgescence of a florid Blood as in the Cephalick Disorders of Elder Women c. and that I may not proceed upon Suggestions of Reason only I shall recite the Virtues of Knaresborow Water from the Observation of Dr. French in his words This Water Cools and Moistens actually Heats and Dries potentially and according to other Qualities second and third it cuts dissolves attenuates abstergeth viscous tartarous Humours in the Stomach Mesentery Hypochondries Reins Bladder c. Penetrates Corroborates Astringeth c. It allays all acid gnawing and hot Humours and Cures all such Symptoms as proceed from thence as Agues Consumptions Quinsies Tumours Imposthumes Ulcers Wounds it stops Bleeding the Over-flowing of Choller the Dissentery and such like Fluxes It Corroborates the Brain Nerves c. and prevents or cures the Apoplexy Epilepsie Palsie Vertigo Inveterate Headach and Madness and all such Symptoms as proceed from the Weakness Coldness Heat Dryness or Moisture of the same It Corroborates the Stomach and causeth good Digestion consumes Crudities which are the Causes of Obstructions and breed ill Blood and infirm Flesh or an ill habit of Body it maketh the Fat Lean and the Lean Fleshy cureth and preventeth the Cholick and Worms It strengthneth and openeth the Lungs Liver Spleen Mesentery and cureth difficulty of Breathing the Asthma the Dropsie Melancholly and fearful Passions Hypochondriacal Wind and Vapours offending the Head and Heart which most Women and many Men are afflicted withall It doth also upon this account chear the Heart cure and prevent the Palpitations and Passions thereof as also all Faintings It purifieth the Blood cures the Scurvy even in those whose Teeth are ready to drop out of their Heads by reason of the Extremity thereof also the Foul Venereal Disease Leprosie Jaundies Yellow and Black and for the more perfect effecting of these Cures it doth in many open the Haemorrhoids It provoketh Urine and cureth the Suppression and allays the Sharpness thereof it diminisheth the Stone in the Bladder by dissolving the soft Superficial parts thereof and evacuating that mucous slimy Water in which it is involved and by this means also it prepares it for Cutting for sometimes this Stone cannot be felt by reason of that slimy Mucous which Mucous it self doth also sometimes by its Torments counterfeit the Stone where it is collected in a great quantity being of an acid tartarous Nature It forceth out from the Kidneys and Bladder abundance of Sand and small Stones to a great number and sometimes such as are as big and as long as long Pepper And as it cures all Ulcers and Wounds in the Body so especially and much sooner in the Reins and Bladder suppressing also the Pissing of Blood and the Gonorrhaea It cures the Gout Aches Cramp Convulsion in what part of the Body soever and giveth ease therein suddenly It openeth all Obstructions and suppresseth all manner of Over-flowings in Women strengthneth cureth the Mother maketh the Barren Fruitful and is a great Preventative against Miscarryings and rectifies most Infirmities of the Vterus Note That this Water doth not help all parts cure all these Infirmities after one and the same manner some being reliev'd by consent or by removing Obstructions of other parts It is also used by way of Insession in Griefs of the Womb and by way of Injection into that as also into the Bowels and Bladder where all the Qualities act immediately upon those parts allay the sharp and hot Distempers mitigate the Pains thereof Healing and Corroborating the same It may moreover be used by way of Fomentation and Losson in external Wounds Ulcers Itch or Scabs and being drop'd into Sore Eyes wonderfully cooleth dryeth and cleareth the same In a word If any Intentions in a Medicinal way be to be perform'd by allaying Distempers opening Obstructions evacuating superfluous Morbifick Humours and Corroborating all the parts of the Body those are effected in a very good measure if not fully and perfectly by this Water And I my self have seen many of the aforenam'd Diseases cured by the help thereof and for other Cures effected thereby I have been assur'd by them themselves who receiv'd the Benefit or by others who have been Eye-witnesses of the same Thus far Dr. French To the right understanding and due use of all which I shall observe That the Cure of the Foul Disease can be suppos'd to be put partial unless that Distemper be taken in a less strict Sense and passing the Notion of Diminishing the Stone which I had rather express by the preventing the increase of its growth I shall for the fixing Experience right make this Remark which may be usefully apply'd to all the Waters which is That in some Distempers as Dropsie Convulsions Jaundies and Gout constant Success and entire Cure is not to be expected without regard to the State of the Disease the Age and Firmness of it the Cause of it and the Distempers complicated with it Thus a Dropsie may not submit to this Remedy not only from the Firmness of the Obstruction but also from the Constitution and Laxity of the Patient from the nature of the Disease which I have observ'd sometimes to be from a Weakness of the Membranes by Flatulent Matter contain'd in them or from the Disease inducing it Convulsions here
have not known these Waters made tryal of But the most common Distemper or rather Symptom of the Stomach diseased is known only by the name of Pain It is necessary to distinguish the kinds of this more nicely than is usual and I shall not inquire here into the particular seats of it but mind the Reader in general that by the name of this Distemper I understand an affection of the Stomach or Ventricle from Matter lodg'd in or near it excepting those Affections of it per consensum from the Head or in acute Diseases and so it includes the primary Distempers of that Region that produce pain in the Ventricle I fansie a Syllabus of all the Affections and Symptoms of this kind would be useful and might be instituted after this manner Though the pit of the Stomach has the greatest sense of the Pain yet this Pain may be all over the Stomach So an obtuse Pain with Faintness and Sickness and an Hemicrania signifies a watry vapid state of the Blood as in a Chlorosis The same with Sickness attends a full Dropsie A rending Pain with weakness follows great Evacuations in weakly Bodies as Suckling Shooting to the Back denote the matter to be windy be it in the Cavity or elsewhere and Cholicks vary To say nothing here of Ulcers Moving a Rheumatism there fix'd and increases immediately upon eating Pain moving and fixing in Spots with most exquisite Pain Coldness and Convulsive Nippings and working off with a Loosness and coming some six or seven hours after eating a nervous Rheumatism or rather Membranous This last again increases or assaults upon Cold taking and is sometimes seated in the Coats of the Stomach and sometimes in the Membranes adjoyning or both so in some I have observ'd it to strike from the Stomach in a Vein as they call it upward side-ways or the like and not to bear a Position of the Body that pents it for the part afflicted always seems pent An obtuse Pain contracting the Stomach such as is usually express'd by knitting attends Hysterick Fits An obtuse Pain without this an Obstruction of the Catamenia or a Plethora sanguinis in hot Weather chiefly The Ventricle may be affected near its upper Orifice at the Pit of the Stomach only with a nipping Pain or a knitting Pain attending the Hypochondriacal and an obtuse Pain with a Sense of weight in Trouble and Melancholly The sense of Pentness accompanies Wind the sense of Fullness Water or Humour So I might proceed to Soreness Coldness and Acuteness Faintness c. There are other Pains near the Stomach as in the Jaundies about the bottom toward the right side so in a distemper'd Spleen or Liver or Pancreas may be known by their Situation Thus Judgment is to be made of the proper use of these Waters from the Cause or Nature of the Disease and of what means may reasonably be used together with them For an Obstruction of the Catamenia may make that Remedy necessary that a Plethora forbids A Chlorosis in a Phlegmatick Constitution is better cured with other Chaiybeats and a Pain from Weakness requires another Intention So that the use of these Waters is to be confin'd chiefly to Pains Convulsive in the Melancholy and Hypochondriacal and to other Collections of Wind or Phlegm from any Obstructions And although these chiefly arise from the Affectio Hypochondriaca and so are curable in the general Intention yet greater Accuracy is necessary both to the Discovery of the Distemper and assigning a Remedy and without which sure Observation can never be made Another Disorder of the Stomach is want or loss of Appetite which though it is restor'd by other Waters and means yet not only is more fully recover'd by these but its cause more perfectly remov'd But there are other Distempers cur'd by these Waters which are less understood and over which these reign alone I shall instance in two The one is a Fistula which though of many Years standing I have known effectually cur'd in six Weeks by the sole drinking of Tunbridge Water The other which appear'd to me as extraordinary was a Periodical Feaver and Cough which I knew a Gentlewoman cur'd of by the same Waters who for many Years had never escaped an Assault about October before she was freed by this Remedy Obstructions of the Pancreas I should have named before The Virtue these have of Chearing the Spirits and relieving a Heart oppress'd with Trouble or tumultuated with any Passions is as extraordinary as any of the former as being indeed the Cause and Producer of the Glandular Obstructions which together with Cephalick Distempers as Giddiness Pain c. come under the Affectio Hypochondriaca which therefore I shall consider now distinctly in all its Symptoms The Affectio Hypochondriaca HAS very numerous Symptoms and counterfeits all Distempers and upon continuance brings almost as many I shall consider the Symptoms and then the reason of them or seat of it The Signs enumerated by Authors are a Flatulent Stomach ill Appetite and Concoction Vomiting glewy petuitose Matter the Stomach Flatulent not well after Food upon which came a rejection of Food by Vomiting Lipothymia Giddiness turbulent Flatus's and Cramps Convulsions Tremors Ructus's Aquositates Flatus inter binas tunicas seu membranos mesenterii Ventriculi dolores vehementes adsunt qui nonnullis ad dorsum usque procedant ab aegris incautisque pro Nephriticis habâ—antur concoctis cibis quiescunt mox aliis ingestis cibis eodem modo revertuntur qui interdum jejunos interdum etiam à caenâ molestant non cessant priusquam aegri evomunt cibos crudos Phlegmata subamara caleda aut acida Alvus adstricta Aestus in Hypochondriis Vrinatenuis Anxietas Ventriculi Pulsus varii Cordis palpitatio Animi deliquium Pulsatio in sinistro Hypochondrio ab intemperie calidâ Palatum lingua os exsiccantur sitis levis excitatur respiratio difficilis dolor quidam constrictio in pectore persentitur Transit quandoque in Melancholiam Epilepsiam aut Apoplexiam abit quandoque caeci evadunt Symptomata Paralysi Convulsioni similia Lassitudo Cerebrum exsiccant vapores vigiliae adsunt Insomnia or vain frightful and Distracting Dreams suddenly and often disturbing the Sleep Night-mare or sense of oppressing weight Tension of the Hypochondries but that is a sign nor constant nor peculiar to their Distemper Obstruction of the Oesophaguâ— or Swallow Periculum suffocationis conqueruâ—â—tir dolor in anteriore parte Pectoris stupor dolor Formicans nunc in dextro nunc in sinistro Caligo Dolor in Brachio vel digito hoc vel illo sudor Frigidus de graviori morbo sibi metuunt And at last the part where the Humour lodges has its Symptoms as Stomach Spleen Liver c. which are then affected most six or seven hours after eating Whence these Flatus's proceed the Sense of Sennertus is Magis consentaneum est istos Flatus contineri in illâ cavitate in
curdled It did not precipitate Sublimate dissolved in common Water considerably which upon standing some time became only a very little whitish The Salt contained in this Water appeared fully to be Saltpetre in that it did not the least disturb a Solution of Sal Saturni in fair Water but shewed a little of the Nature of common Sa it more than Saltpetre hath in giving a pale yellow with Lignum Nephriticum with a dark cloud which settled and in taking a dull Ale colour not fine with Tincture of Logwood the red it took languish'd more and more And in precipitating a Solution of fine Silver out of Spirit of Nitre in a hardish Curd more than Saltpetre doth Those that know the Nature of both Salt-petre and Sulphur which are the Principles that impregnate this Water must allow them to be produced by the heat of the Earth and not to be the cause of it If we enquire into the Cause and Original of this Heat the Nature of the Salt evidenceth it not to be produced by any calcarious Quarry nor the Effervescence of contrary Salts and Acids Subterranean Fire is groundless and hath invincible Absurdities it may reasonably be supposed to be maintained by the Heat of the Earth for as a considerable Heat is required to the Concoction and Preparation of Metals and is sensibly proved in the Mine-chambers so that Crust of dead loamy Earth that assists to maintain it separates it from us and though we find no such extraordinary Heat yet the Heat of the Mines do not only prove a Heat but imply a much greater to be where the Metal is prepared than where it is separated The Eruption of it at places I pretend not to account for but that it is different often in places not many Rods distant is beyond doubt The Virtues of these Minerals well account for the Cures wrought by the Bath the most which I have observed or known having been in Tumours or Palsies from tough Phlegm not to take notice of their external Use in Scabby Diseases And those that have been within my knowledge have been all performed by Pumping the diseasy part and not by Bathing Now the Qualities that Authors take notice of in Sulphur to heat and dry incide open and provoke Sweat and resist Putrefaction consider'd with the power of the other to ease Pain penetrate discuss and temper Inflammation sufficeth to the performing all this But to bring it nearer to sense I shall take notice what any Person may prove that a Bath made of Salt-petre Sea-salt and Brimstone is the most happy Dissolvent of Oedematous Tumours even in the Legs that hitherto I have observed It is much to be suspected that this Water must lose much of its power if not the best part by carriage together with its power of Tinging Silver yellow especially for inward use I shall conclude all with this useful Remark That as the Waters are a powerful and extraordinary Remedy so to have success in the use of them it is necessary to form just and due Observations of them by distinguishing 1. What Cures are wrought by the Waters on a general Account and what by the Nature of the distinct Salt 2. What are proper and may effect in light Cases but seldom avail alone 3. Some that avail but fail in confirm'd Cases as the Purging Chalybeats in Hypochondriacism 4. What Distempers they Cure with regard to a particular cause and not universally And lastly What they may be trusted to for as in inveterate and confirm'd Obstructions The light Chalybeat Waters may and perhaps in Asthma and Scurvy the Purging Chalybeats c. Some Observations on the Water of Queen Camel in Somersetshire THE Trial of this Water I annex to the Bath Water because this is likewise a Sulphurous one and might illustrate that at least having it by me I thought worth preserving It is a cold Spring of a faetid smell in which as well as in Taste it resembled that of a foul Gun as my honoured Friend the Reverend Mr. Samuel Adamson who made the Experiments for me at the Spring inform'd me It tingeth the stones black on which it falls The use of this Water is inwardly and outwardly in the Kings-Evil and other Ulcers and Scabbiness in which the success is frequent and purgeth little of any thing but hath produced Eruptions if drank without occasion by a Body whose Constitution they disagreed with It hath the Reputation of proceeding from a Copper Mine for which my Friend could discover no ground as neither do the Trials unless some Pyrites there found may give the occasion This Water prov'd upon Tryal to contain a Calcarious Salt yet not so open as to answer with Gall and Lignum Nephriticum and a Sulphur differing from common Brimstone and more amicable to Alkalys and not to be precipitated by Acids and to contain no Metalline parts at least openly so With Gall it took a very pale Yellow and upon standing a Week a little deeper colour and a little thicker With Lignum Nephriticum upon 12 hours standing a little deeper than with Gall in both which it resembled neither Vitriols which take less colour nor as Alkalys which give a deeper but nearer Saltpetre or rather common Pump-water Like Alkalys it curdled not Milk With a Solution of Sublimate 15 drops in 4 ounces a bright brass colour and upon addition of 5 drops more curdled and precipitated of a Feuille mort colour as Alkalys and Salt of Lime Oyl of Tartar p. del 75 drops in 4 ounces made it more limpid and inclinable to a bright Copper which Vinegar would not precipitate The Water when it had stood a Week with a Solution of Sal Saturni turn'd White like Milk as Alkalys but when fresh with 10 drops of the Solution took a dark brown colour and look'd thick The Sediment which is small and dark colour'd would not burn nor would it communicate a Colour to Aqua fortis nor to common Salt upon standing as Mettals and Copper especially will For various Reasons I must excuse any inimical Mineral from a share in this especially Arsenick or Copper but judge it rather near to common Sulphur but less remote from an Alkaly But to know this more nicely the Pyrites ought to be prov'd As this may shew the reason of its good Effects in the King's-Evil and why it agrees not in a Scorbutick Disposition so it may help to drect its proper place in Acid Tumors as Milk Sores or where the Chyle is curdled which if observ'd might make the Waters more useful This Water gilds Silver as doth the Bath Water and as doth common Sulphur The Figure of the Scarborow Water Salt referr'd to at Page 155. The Figure sent me and there referr'd to The Figure of the Salt sent me FINIS A Second Essay of the Bath Water HAving some reason to be dissatisfied with the former Essay of it I procur'd some more new I found the Taste a very little Nauseous and