fragiâ—is vel subtilis sensus stomachi sit Et fastiditi tibi sunt fleubothomandi Here thauctor putteth .xij. thynges that let blud lettyng The fyrst is coldnes of complexion for as Galen saith bloud lettyng cooleth augmenteth coldnes bicause as Isaac sayth bloud is the fouÌ„dacion of natural hete and in that bloud lettyng voydeth bloud hit voydeth hete so consequeÌ„tly cooleth The .ij. is a feruent colde contrey vnder whiche a cold season shulde be coÌ„preheÌ„ded whiche also letteth bloud lettyng for in a couÌ„trey season very cold the blud is closed in the depest partis of the body and the bloud that taryeth in the vtter partis the colde maketh thycke whiche to voyde is no wisedome The .iij. is ferueÌ„t ache vnder whiche eke may be coÌ„prehended great inflaÌ„mation of the body for if one in suche accideÌ„tis be let bloud there foloweth motion agitatiue contrarie to nature and greatter inflaÌ„mation whiche weaketh nature more The cause of this motion agitatiue is attractioÌ„ to diuers partis for by bloud lettyng attraction is caused to the place that is let blud by great ache attractioÌ„ is caused to the place of ache The cause of greatter inflaÌ„macioÌ„ is that by blud lettyng the humors be moued wherby they be more inflamed And this is trouthe whan blud lettyng is lyttell artificial Yet if it be done tyl one swouÌ„d hit is holsome in the forsaide cases for this bloud lettyng whan it ouercometh the attraction of the ache it causeth nat motion agitatiue like wise it taketh awaye inflaÌ„mation whan there be no humors that shuld moue hete and cause more inflaÌ„macion This is Galens mynde sayeng Gal. in coÌ„men illius apho que egerunt there is no better medicine for an iÌ„postume of ferueÌ„t inflaÌ„mation feuers a great ache than blud lettyng The .iiij. is baynyng specially resolutiue for that letteth bloud lettyng for that were vacuatioÌ„ vpoÌ„ vacuatioÌ„ whiche nature can nat esily beare The v. is carnall copulacion for iÌ„mediately ther after one shuld nat be letteÌ„ bloud bicause of double weakyng of nature The .vi. is to olde or to yonge as it is before touched Of this Auicen sayth Take hede howe thou lettest one bloud in any of the forsaid cases outcept thou trust in the figure in solidite of the musculs largenes of the veynes the fulnes of them and ruddy colour The .vii. is longe sicknes for by suche lettyÌ„g of blud nature is doubly febled both by the loÌ„ge sickenes diminishioÌ„ This is of trouthe sayth Auicen outcept there be corrupt bloud for than bloud lettyng is holsome The .viij. is great replecion of drynke The .ix. is to eate to moche meate and vnder this is coÌ„prised meate vndigested The cause hereof as Auicen sayth is this there be .iij. thynges that drawe to them that is voydnes hete and secrete vertue or proprete Than if the veynes be empty through voydyng of bloud they drawe to them froÌ„ the stomake or lyuer vndigested or suê‘fluous meate or drynke whiche vndigested meate coÌ„men to the meÌ„bres can nat be amended that is digested for the third digestion can nat amende the faute of the .ij. nor the secoÌ„de of the fyrst if the faute be so great that hit can nat conuert into the meÌ„bres hit there remaynyÌ„g may cause some disease The .x. is feblenes Gal ii 〈…〉 for bloud lettyng is a stronge voyder as Galen sayth therfore a feble persone may nat endure great diminishyng of blud The .xi. is subtile sensiblenes of the stomakes mouthe whiche is called the hart strynge for of suche bloud lettyng swouÌ„â—yng foloweth easily And vnder this weakenes of the stomake is eke coÌ„prised and easy flowynge of coler to the mouthe therof endusyng vometyng Wherfore they that haue the forsaid accidentes shuld nat be let bloud for by bloud lettyng the humors moued be enduced to the stomakes mouthe as to a place accustomed and bicause hit is a weake an impotent membre to resiste that flixe therfore by suche lettynge of bloud many inconueniences chaÌ„ce This is one cause why many swouÌ„d whaÌ„ they be let bloud by reason the coler floweth to the stomake whiche bytynge the stomake pyneth the hart stomake so that hit causeth one to swouÌ„de The .xij. is lothyng for if in this lothynge one be let bloud whan the veynes be empty they drawe to them yll mattier causyng lothesomnes Auicen toucheth many of these .vi. last accidentis And besides the forsaid accidentis there be other that let bloud lettyng First voydyng of menstruous flixe or the emeraudes for one diseased with eyther of these shulde nat be let bloud yet it may be done to diuert the flixe or matter The .ii. is rarenes of coÌ„position for in rare bodies is moche dissolucion therfore this resolution suffiseth them without euacuation as Galen sayth .ix. teigni The .iii. is rawnes and claÌ„mynes of humours for than beware of bloud lettyng bicause it encreaseth rawenes of humours and therfore in loÌ„ge sickenes ye shuld nat let bloud for rawnes of humours encreseth strength febleth and the sickenes proloÌ„geth And therfore Auicen sayth that in longe sickenes before one is let bloub he shuld take a laxatiue although he nede bothe Rawnes of humors is caused .ii. wayes One is throughe abundance of humours chokyng naturall hete whiche chokynge bredeth rawe humours and than bloud lettynge is holsome Wherfore Alexander sayth Lettyng of bloud in the begynnyng of the dropsy is holsome Alex. ii.ii. ca. de hydroppist whan it cometh by abuÌ„dance of meÌ„struous blud that through some cause is prohibited to issue or by abuÌ„dance of the emeraudis For lyke as a lyttel fire is queÌ„ched vnder a great heape of wodde lyke wise natural hete is suffocate with abundaÌ„ce of humours The .ij. cause of rawe humors is feblenes of natural hete as in folkes of feble coÌ„plexion or that haue ben longe sycke or be very aged for than the said blud lettyng is vnholsome bicause hit augmenteth rawenes for the blud that obserueth hete is drawen out and so the body is made colde and the humours more rawe Therfore the bloud must be left to digest these rawe humours The .iiij. is vndue disposicion of the aire eyther to hotte or to colde for moche hete causethe stronge resolucion and great colde maketh the blud thicke and vnapte to issue or auoyde Quid debes facere quando vis fleubothomarâ— Vel quando minuis fueris vel quando minutus Vnctio sine potus lauachrum vel fascia motus Debent non fragili tibi singula mente teneri v. thynges in bloud lettyng This text declareth .v. thynges that ought to be done about bloud lettyng some before som at the tyme some after The first is anoyntyng whiche other while is vsed in the bloud lettyng as to anoynte the place or veyne that is opened to aswage the peyne somtyme hit is vsed after blud lettyng to kepe the gashe that it close nat vp to soone that the humours left in the
tethe For the filthynes of the tethe causethe the brethe to stynke And of the filthynes of the tethe growethe certeyne vapours that greatly anoye the brayne Farther more the filthynes of the tethe myngled with thy meate causethe the meate to putrifie in the stomake Auicen in his .vij. dist of the .iij. boke and chap. of coÌ„seruacion of the tethe for the tethe teacheth how we may kepe the tethe from ache stynche That is to washe the mouthe with wyne twyse a moneth but to make the brethe swete it muste be boyled with the roote of spurge Who so euer vsethe the forsayde decoction medicine shall neuer haue the tothe ache In the laste verse are certeine generall rules The first is that after we haue washed and bathed our selfe we muste kepe vs warme For than the cunditis of the bodye that is the pores bene open wherby colde wyll perce in to the bodye and ingendre in vs diuers diseases The .ij. is that after we haue dyned or taken our repast we muste for a whyle stande vp ryghte that so the meate may discende to the bottum of the stomake and thaÌ„ walke a litel softely for hasty mouynge driueth naturall hete from the interior partes to the outwarde and causeth il digestion The .iij. is that one of colde complexion shulde nat warme hym selfe to sodaynly but lytell and lytell for sodayne change hurteth nature as Galen sayth in the gloâ—e of this canon Secundum multum et repente c. All stronge thynges and of extreme nature corrupt the body Sit breuis aut nullus tibi somnus meridianus Febris pigrities capitis dolor atque catarrus Hec tibi proueniunt ex somno meridiano Here are declared .iiij. incoÌ„uenientices engeÌ„dred by after none slepe Fyrst the after none slepe causeth and ingeÌ„dreth feuers by reason of opilatioÌ„s For the naturall hete and spirite of man by daye draweth to the outwarde partes of the body and therfore digestion by day is but feble But whan naturall heate and spiritis of maÌ„ drawe to the inwarde partis of the bodye than throughe theyr motion naturall heate is stered vp and therfore the nyght is the very season of perfite digestion and the vndigested rawe humours are the cause of opilations whiche opilations engeÌ„dre feuers as Auicen saythe in the .j. dist li. iiij and chap. of putrifaction Secondly after none slepe causethe man to be slouthfull in his operations busines by the reason afore sayde for grosse humours and vndigested cause mans spiritis slowelye to moue the bodye For as a subtile quicke spirite causeth lyghtnes of body so a lumpishe spirite causeth a sluggishe boby cause of heed ache Thyrdly the after none slepe engeÌ„dreth heed ache For the grosse and vndigested meate that remayneth in the stomake lyfte vp to the brayne grosse vapours whiche trouble hit And of very coÌ„sequens if vapours of gros mattier be stered vp caused they must also be gros For Galen saythe in the glose of this aphorisme qui crescunt c. that hit muste nedes folowe that all thynges be lyke those thynges of whom they be engendred The .iiij. incoÌ„uenience is the pose and reume Reumes be humours that rounne from one membre to an other and as they rounne in diuers partis of the bodye so they haue diuers names For whan the reume cometh to the lightes they be called catarri and whan they discende to the chekes they be called branchus and whan they come to the nose they are called corizam as appereth by these verses Si fluit ad pectus dicatur reuma catarrus Ad fauces branchus ad nares dico corizam But besides the reasoÌ„s of the diseases before rehersed there be many other reasons and more effectuell The cause of the first incoÌ„uenieÌ„ce that is of feuers whiche some tyme are called putrified feuers and some tyme feuers effimeres A feuer effimere is engeÌ„dred of vapours and smudge fumes kept and reteined after the after noone slepe the whiche absteynynge from slepe is wont to coÌ„sume The forsaide smudge fumes mixyng them selfe with mans spiritis engendre an vnordinate and a straÌ„ge feuer called effimere The putrified feuer is ingengdred of the humidites in man vndigested and augmeÌ„ted by the after noone slepe The .ij. inconuenience that is to be slowe in operation and motions chanceth by reason that by the after noone slepe the humidites and fumes in maÌ„ are reteined about the muskyls veynes iointis and causeth the forsayde membres to be astonyed and a slepe and therfore the bodye after dyner is slowe and heuy in operations The thyrde inconuenience that is the heed age cometh as is before declared in the .ij. incoÌ„uenieÌ„ce that is to say by the humidites vapours reteined in the body throughe slepe and rest whiche by suche meanes are troubled and moued towarde the brayne and so cause the heed age The .iiij. inconuenience is that is the catarrÌ„ signyfyenge al maner of reumes chanceth to man and vexeth hym through vapours and fumes whiche are wonte to be dissolued coÌ„sumed by watche by slepe they drawe to the inwarde partis of maÌ„ and fume vpwarde towarde the brayne whiche fumes ingrossed by colde retourne to the lowe partis caterrisans of mans bodye Auicen in the .xiii. dist li.j. in the .ij. doctrine and .ix. chap. allegeth many other inconueniencis diseases engendred of the after noone slepe The firste disease is the goute and palsey Whiche greue vs by reason that the humidites that are wonte to be dried vp and coÌ„sumed by the heate of the sonne and by watche remayne styll in the body The seconde is the color and corruption of the face through the wattrishe humidites lyke vnto mans vrine myngled with the bludde whiche are wonte to be wasted by watche that nowe with the bludde they ascende towarde the brayne the face and cause it to swelle and to waxe pale The thirde incoÌ„uenience is that after noone slepe ingendreth the splene and that by the kepynge in of the grosse melancoly humours by the day rest For as watche with the heate of the day whiche do open gyueth mouynge and way to melancoly humours by the strayte cundites of the body so the daye slepe letteth and distroyeth the passages and ê“pre wayes of them specially it destroyeth the cundites that come from the splene to the mouth of the stomake made to prouoke mans appetite by whiche cundite all melancoly superfluites are wonte coÌ„monly to be clarified The .iiij. is that after noone slepe mollifieth the veynes by cause the humedites whiche are wonte to be desolued by the day watche can nat be resolued whiche so remaynynge in mans body drie vp the veynes The .v. incoÌ„uenience is that maÌ„ by reason of rest or slepe losethe his appetite for lacke of humors resolution whiche resolution is chiefe and principall cause of the appetite An other reason is the replenisshynge of the stomake by fumes and humidites mollifieth and fyllethe
slepe yet that selfe heate can nat digest .ij. diuers thynges as the meate the suê‘fluites Than it foloweth that suche folke shulde eate lesse at souper If the bodyes of suche seme hole or elles be verye hole stronge without any sensibilite of superfluites auoydynge all through theyr vigour as myghty bygge men suche may eate more at soupper For the nature of these bodies labour only by nyghte to digest the meate receyued and nat to rype the superfluites for in a maner they haue none Also they labour onely to fortifie theyr bodies whiche waxethe more stronger by nyghte than by daye bicause the bludde and corporall spiritis be ingendred by nyght in a more quantite and better deuided throughe out the bodye If the bodies be nat greatly disposed as is rehersed but are disposed to be lyghtly sicke Than whether they trauayle and labour sore coÌ„tinually with theyr armes and handes or nat hit is best they eate more at dyner than at soupper For meate is nat onely taken to norishe restore the body but also to make moyste to ouer sprynkylle and water the membres that through great labour and trauaile they waxe nat drie and lyke wyse to withstaÌ„de the dissolution of naturall heate Nor suche trauayle labour letteth nat theyr true digestion For we se by experience that they eate twyse or thryse in a daye with good appetite and good digestion If the bodies be nat apte nor disposed to labour coÌ„tinually as the bodies afore rehersed hit may chance .ij. wayes For either they labour very sore but nat continually or they labour febly wherby suê‘fluites encreace They that trauayle moche as in rydyÌ„ge or goynge aboute theyr worldlye busynes shulde eate more at soupper than at dyner bycause the vnaccustomed great trauaile wolde nat suffre the meate taken at dyner to digest but corrupte hit Yea and farther through superfluous mocion the naturall heate is disolued spredde in euery meÌ„bre of the body whiche in the nyghte draweth to the inwarde partis of the body and is the principall cause of good digestion And therfore a good and a large soupper is more expedient for them than a large dyner Also the same ê‘sons were nat brought vp before this sesonne in suche great trauayle and therfore theyr bodyes are full of humidites whiche lyttell meate at dyner maye resyste the resolutions caused by great motions trauaile But in case they trauaile lyttell and easelye by the way to eate more at dyner thaÌ„ at soupper is best as hit is declared in sicke bodies for they most coÌ„monly are feble bothe of coÌ„plection of digestion and the heate and lyght of the sonne coÌ„forte theyr naturall heate and spiritis Also the reason herof is this the corporall cuÌ„dites and passages by day are open wherfore the suê‘fluites of the body are sooner expulsed by daye than by nyghte Farther they ought to eate but lyttell meate by nyght for thaÌ„ nature is greatly occupied to digest rawe humours the whiche slepe must digest and brynge to good poynt And though the digestion to digest and great repletions of meates and the superfluous humours be holpe by the night Yet neuer the lesse the streingthynge therof is nat sufficieÌ„t to digest great repletions of meates and also superfluous humours And weteth well the custome in eatyÌ„ge moche or lyttell at dyner or soupper oughte to be regarded and kepte For custome is good and necessary for helthe of the body and to cure sickenes as appereth li.ij of sharpe diseases For sodeyne change of custome is very hurtfull and specially for olde folkes For nature can nat beare nor yet suffre sodeyne mutation And thus it is well proued that we ought to eate more at dyner than at soupper and that bicause sickenesses are most coÌ„monly materialles yet for all that if a man coude be contented with one repast in a day it were better to take it at soupper than at dyner so that he be nat diseased in the eies or the brayne for than it were better to take it at dyner than at soupper For the repletion of the soupper hurtethe sore the brayne and the eies And witteth well that nat onely the repletion of the soupper hurteth the stomacke but also al maner of other repletions For they ingendre opylations feuers putrifactions the lepre and vndigested humours And Auicen in the .xiij. dist of his .iij. boke and chap. of thinges that hurte the stomake sayth that al maner of repletions hurt the stomake nor the great eater by repletion augmenteth nat his bodye for he digesteth nat his meate but he that eateth moderately hath alwayes some appetite increaseth his body for he digesteth well his meate Therfore we ought to take good hede we hurte nat our stomake by ouer moche repletion nor that we make nat our selfe poursye and the pulse to beate more vehemently In lyke maner repletion that ingeÌ„dreth lothynge of meate ought principally to be eschewed but specially whan it cometh of ill meates For if hit come by ill meates hit ingendreth payne in the ioyntes in the raynes in the liuer and the goute and generally al other fleumatike diseases And if it come by clene meates it ingeÌ„dreth sharpe feuers and hotte impostumes It foloweth than that this repletion muste be eschewed aboue al other For it greueth both soule and body Secondly we muste take hede we ouer fylle nat our stomakes and vtterly distroye our appetite but we muste kepe some appetite and specially they that haue a stroÌ„ge and a good appetite Some there be that haue a feble appetite these ought to eate more than their appetite requireth Tu nunquam comedas stomachum nisi noueris ante Purgatum vacuumqueâ—ibo quem sumpseris ante Ex desiderio poteris cognoscere certo Hec tria sunt signa subtilis in ore dieta Here are certeine coÌ„mandementes whiche man desyrynge helth muste of necessite obserue kepe more duely than eate or drynke The fyrste is he shulde eate no maner of meates without his stomake be net and purged of all yll humours by vomet or other coÌ„uenient wayes For if a man receyue meate with corrupte humours in to his stomake they wyll myngle them selfe to gether and cause the meate newely eaten to corrupt The seconde is to eate no more tyll the fyrst meate eaten be digested and auoyded out of the stomake For there is nothynge more hurtfull to mans bodye than to caste meate vpon meate nat digested but only begunne to be digested For the meate last taken shall let the digestioÌ„ of that that was first eaten and the digestion of the meate firste taken shal be first finyshed whiche departeth to the lyuer by the veines called miseraikes and therewith cariethe the meate laste taken nat yet well digested Wherof rawe humours and vndigested be multiplied in mans bodye Farther in the texte are put .ij. tokens to knowe whan the stomake is voide of the meate before taken The fyrste is verye hunger And for a knowlege
the meÌ„bres Therfore if we begynne with wyne for that nature greatly desirethe hit for the great norishemeÌ„t therof the suê‘fluites to gether with the wyne drawen of the stomake are drawen to the parties of the bodye but nature so desirously draweth nat ale Lyke wyse ale washeth the humours haÌ„gynge about the brymme of the stomake And for this cause phisitions counsaile that whan one is moste hungrye he shulde fyrste assay to vomite or he eate any meate that those suê‘fluites draweÌ„ to gether of the hungrye stomake may be voided out leste they be myngled with the meate Lyke wyse he that feareth to be thyrsty by superfluous drinkynge of water shulde drinke ale For it queÌ„cheth vnnaturall thyrste Temporibus veris modicum prandere iuvÌ„eris Sed calor estatis dapibus nocet immoderatis Autumni fructus caueas ne sint tibi luctus De mensa sume quantum vis tempore Brume Here is determined what quaÌ„tite of meate shuld be eaten Diete after the .iiii. seasons of the yere after the diuersite of the .iiij. seasons of the yere whiche are ver or springe tyme sommer autumne and wynter He saythe that in the tyme of ver we must eate littell meate The same wylleth Auicen sheweth the reason why bicause AuiceÌ„ ii.i. doct ii ca. vi iii.i doct v. de reg tpÌ„m cum recti auris saithe he in wynter mans body is nat greatly gyuen to labour and exercise through prohibution of resolutioÌ„ rawe humours are encreased and specially fleumatike whiche after the ê“portion of the season thaÌ„ specially be engendred whiche humours by reason of colde are enclosed in the bodye But whaÌ„ ver or spryngetyme cometh it causeth these rawe humours gethered to gether to melte and sprede throughe all the body wherfore nature is than greatelye occupied in digestynge of them Therfore in ver season if one eate moche meate hit letteth nature to digeste suche fleumatike humours and shulde be diuerted an other way for by these humours and great quaÌ„tite of meate nature shuld be ouer pressed And so suche humours shulde remayne in the body vndigested and runnynge to some membre shulde cause some disease there And therfore we oughte to take good hede that we eate no greatte quantite of meate in ver For diminishion of meate in this season is a speciall preseruation from diseases reynynge in ver as Auicen saythe ij.j the place before allegate And this sayenge is of a trouthe from the myddes to the ende of ver and nat in the begynnyng for the begynnynge of ver is lykened to wynter wherfore than one maye norishe the body as well as in wynter And this also may be vnderstande whan vere fynde the body full of humours than meate is to be gyuen after the naturall heate and resolution that is caused of the body for than the cause is auoided for whiche meate shuld be diminished And the same willeth Hipp. j. aphorismoruÌ„ where he saithe Bealies in wynter and vere are mooste hotte and slepe most longe Therfore in those seasons for the naturall heate is moche therfore hit nedeth larger norishement Secondly he saythe that to eate to moche meate in somer is hurtefull bycause than the vertue of digestion is feble For the spiritis and naturall heate whiche are the instumentes of corporall operation are than ryght feble sparcled and resolute throughe outwarde heate vehemently drawyng them to the exterior partis and contrary wyse moche meate can nat be digested And here is to be noted that for the vehemeÌ„t resolution of humidites as well substaÌ„ciall as mutrymentall of the bodye grosser and more meate in soÌ„mer shulde be eaten if the night digestiue coulde digeste so moche meate but bycause nature can nat digeste moche at ones we muste eate a lyttell and ofte The reasoÌ„ that one oughte to eate lytel meate in sommer as Galen saythe in the coÌ„meÌ„t of this Canon Et quibus semel aut bis c. In soÌ„mer we must eate many tymes and lyttell many tymes bicause the body hath nede through ofte dissolution a lyttell for defaute of digestion And al though littell meate shulde be eaten in the sommer yet one maye drynke moche for than is greatter resolution and drought of the body and the naturall heate of the bodye excedeth the moysture therof and man is more thyrsty than than other tymes But yet than one oughte to drynke lesse wyne specially if hit be pure for suche wyne soone enflameth and causeth the naturall heate hatte by the ardent heate of soÌ„mer to burne and therfore if we drynke wyne we muste myngle hit with moche water and we muste forbeare olde stronge wyne Thyrdly he sayth To auoide eatynge of frutes in AutuÌ„ne that in AutuÌ„ne we ought to beware of frutes specially of the same season as grapis peches figgis and suche like or at leaste to eate but littell of them for suche frutis engendre bludde apte to putrifie through the boyllyng that they make in the body humours specially if they be receyued in to an vnclene stomake or a corrupt body whiche for the most part chanceth in autumne And so than yll and fylthy diseases are engendred as the pockes and other pestilent sickenesses Yet for a farther knowlege of the regiment of meate and drynke in Autumne wytteth well that in haruest hunger and thyrste shulde be eschewed to eate moche meate at one meale as Rasis .iij. AlmÌ„ sayth cap. de reg corporis secundum tpÌ„s The wyne also that is dronke in haruest shulde be alayde with moche water that hit may moyst the bodye and cole the heate but nat so superfluously alayde with water than as in soÌ„mer nor to be than dronke so superfluouslye for thaÌ„ nature febled is nat able to welde and digeste it and to moche alayenge with water wolde distroye naturall heate encreace veÌ„tosites wherby the colike may be engeÌ„dred Fourthly he saithe that in wynter we maye eate as moche as we wyll that is to say more thaÌ„ in other seasons after the mynde of Auicen in iij.j the place afore allegate And Galen sayth in the canon of the aphoris Eâ— quibus semel aut c. In wynter moche meate leiserly shulde be eaten The reason is bycause the heate of our body in wynter is strongest both by reason hit is conieled to gether and fortified by position of his contrarie that is to say the coldnes of the aier enuironynge our bodies about And this is verified in bygge bodies fleshie and nat in bare and feble for on suche bodies coldenes of wynter enclined doth nat coÌ„forte with heate but feblethe them more For in wynter as Hippocrates saith bealies be hottest of nature and slepe moste longe Hit foloweth that the grosser norishementis and harder of digestion are holsomer in wynter than in other seasons by cause the heate is stronger But the wyne that we muste drynke than oughte to be ruddye as a rose and nat white and alayde with a
the mouthe therof The .vi. incoÌ„uenience that after noone slepe doth engendre is impostumes by meanes of humidites encreased by the day slepe whiche drawe to one membre or other and so cause it to swelle Auicen sayth that besides all these aforsayde there be .ij. other speciall causes that proue the after noone slepe to be hurtfull The fyrst is that the day rest is soone corrupted bycause the heate of the daye draweth the corporall heate to the exterior partis of man but the nyght rest dothe clene contrarie for it draweth the corporall heate of man towarde the inwarde partis Of the whiche two motions there is engendred a violent mocion that distourbethe nature And therfore they that wyll slepe rest them by day are counsayled to slepe in darke places and in the shadowe The .ij. cause is that the day reste maketh a man vnlusty drousy and as halfe a ferde and that by the changynge of nature from his olde custome that is from digestioÌ„ of his meate yet nat withstandynge that the after noone rest is generally dispreysed the nyght reste greatly coÌ„mended and preysed yet the slepe that is taken in the mornyng from .iij. houres before the sonne rysynge tyll .iij. of the clocke after the sonne is rysen is nat to be dispreysed As Hippocrates saith in his .ij. boke of pronostic Slepe coÌ„uenient and naturall taken by nyght or by day is allowable and contrarie is hurtfull but the mornynge slepe of all the day is lest worthy dispreise And all be hit the day slepe and at after noone are forbyden by olde fathers and doctours yet for all that nowe adayes slepe taken in the day tyme is nat greatly to be blamed specially as Bartrutius saythe if these .v. condicions therin be diligently obserued The fyrst is if hit be customably vsed The .ij. that it be nat taken immediatly after dyner The .iij. that one slepe nat with a lowe heed The .iiij. nat to slepe to loÌ„ge The .v. nat to be waked sodeynly ferfully but with good moderatioÌ„ Quatuorex vento veniunt in ventre retento Spasmus hydrops colica vertigo quatuor ista Here are declared .iiij. inconueniences that come by to longe holdynge of wynde in mans bodye The fyrst is called the crampe The ventosites of the body ronne ofte amonge the iointes veynes fyllynge them with wynde Qf the whiche fyllynge coÌ„methe retraction and wrynkelynge to gether of the veynes And Auicen saythe in his .ij. dist the crampe is a disease that lyethe in the veynes by the whiche the membres of man moue extende them selfe This crampe is diuers one is caused by replenyshynge wherby the membre is made shorte and great and wrynkelynge to gether as lether or a harpe strynge throughe the matter replenyshynge the meÌ„bres This kynde of crampe cometh sodaynely There is a nother kynde of the crampe moche lyke a taboret whiche inforceth the membre after his lengthe largenes to crompull to gether like parchement cast in the fire This kynde of crampe cometh slowly The seconde incoÌ„uenience is called the dropsye a materiall disease engeÌ„dred of mattier ryght colde entrynge and inflatynge the membres or places of mans body in whiche is the regiment that is the digestion of meates and humours as the stomake the lyuer and the voide places about the bealye For dropsye neuer engendreth but whan the lyuer is corrupt by reasoÌ„ of the bludde There be .iij. spices of dropsy Iposarca asclides tympanites of the tympany this .ij. incoÌ„uenieÌ„ce is vnderstande A tympany as sayth maister Bartruce is ingeÌ„dred of ill coÌ„plextion by coldenes of the stomake lyuer nat sufferyng mans drynke or meate to be coÌ„uerted in to good humours but tourneth them in to ventosites whiche if they be auoyded by belchynge by sweate or other wyse they wyll stoppe the wayes of voidaÌ„ce Also these ventosities gether to gyther betwene the places of the bealye called mirac and siphax and there ingendreth the dropsy The .iij. inconuenience is called the colike a perillous a paynefull disease it ingendreth in a gutte named colon Like as the disease called ilica is ingendred in one of the guttes called ylion And these .ij. diseases are ingendred by ventosites closed in the guttes The .iiij. inconuenience and disease is the heed ache called vertigo whiche maketh a man to wene that the worlde turneth the ventosites of the brayne causeth this infirmite whiche draweÌ„ to the brayne myxte with the lyuely spiritis causeth the heed age called vertigo Auicen in his .xvj. dist reherseth these inconuenieÌ„ces with other and he sayth that ventosites kepte longe cause and ingendre the colicke by reason they assende and gether to gether feblysshynge the guttes And some tyme ingendreth the dropsye and some tyme darkenes of syght and some tyme the megryme and some tyme the fallynge yuel and some tyme it runneth in to the ioyntes and causeth the crampe Ex magna cena stomacho fit maxima pena Vt sit nocte senis sit tibi cena breuis Here we be taughte to make a lyght souper For to moche meate lettethe mans naturall reste and causeth anguyshe gnawyng in the bealy causeth the face to breake out maketh one to haue a heuye heed in the mornynge and an vnsauerye mouthe Here this question cometh well to pourpose Whether a man shulde eate more at dyner or at soupper For a diffinicion here of it is to be noted that after the quantite of the bodye more or lesse meate is conuenient at soupper or at dyner For other the bodyes be holle and sounde orelles sycke If they be sycke eyther incline to materiall sickenes or to vnmateriall If the sickenes be nat caused through some humour one may eate the more at soupper bicause in suche sickenesses nature only endeuereth to digeste the meate If the sickenes be materiall one maye eate the more at diner as it is declared in the .iiij. treatise in the .v. chap. of the curation of fallynge sickenes on this wyse He that can nat be sufficed with one repast in a day bicause he is other wyse accustomed he must deuide his meate in thre partis and eate .ij. partis at dyner and the other parte after temperate exercise at soupper The reasoÌ„ here of is this For in suche sesonne the feble nature hath helpe by the naturall heate of the sonne to digest and the superfluites there by are more resolued wherfore the refection shulde be larger at diner thaÌ„ at soupper And more ouer bycause the heate of the day whiche causeth digestion ioyneth with the naturall heate of mans body and so by day are .ij. sondrye heates to helpe the digestion but it is nat so in the nyghte Lyke wyse nature endeuereth by night to digest the suê‘fluites Therfore it shulde nat be hyndred to digest with to moche meate And though it be so that the naturall heate of maÌ„ be in many thynges fortified in the nyght as by retraction of the spiritis and reductioÌ„ of
hereof witteth well that there is ij maner of hungers very hunger and feyned hunger Very hunger is discriued by Galen in the coÌ„ment of the canon of the aphorisme Indigentia non oportet c. Very hunger saythe he is whan a man nedeth meate But fayned hunger is an appetite to haue meate thoughe the bodye hath no nede therof And as verye hunger cometh by contraction and corrugation of the veynes procedyÌ„ge from the mouthe of the stomake by sugillation of the membres nedynge meate so in lyke wyse feyned hunger is wonte to be caused of them that coÌ„strayne that they shulde ê“uoke the mouthe of the stomake the membres hauyng no nede of foode as by colde thynges harde or sharpe And of this signe .ij. precept precedent Auicen iij.j doct .ij. cap. de eo quod c. saythe No man ought to eate but after he hath a luste Nor he shulde nat tarye longe therin whan lust pricketh onles it be a feyned luste as the luste of kronkers or suche whose stomake aborrethe meate For to endure hunger longe fylleth the stomake with putrified humours And after in the same chap. he saythe That who so euer loue their helth shulde neuer eate tyll they haue a sure luste nor tylle theyr stomake and vppermoste entrayles be voided of the fyrste foode For the dangerust thinge that may chance mans body is to receiue meate vpon dndigested meate The .ij. that signifieth true luste or very hunger is sklendre diete precedeÌ„t that is small sustinaÌ„ce before taken for whaÌ„ hunger foloweth there vpoÌ„ it is verye true hunger Farther more knowe ye that to eate moche and of sondry meates mixed to gether at one repaste or refection is worste of all as fleshe and fishe chekyns and porke and after to ê“longe the tyme in eatyng For the first meate begynnethe nowe to digest whan the other are brought to the table and so the partis of the meate are vnlyke in digestion So that the fyrste taken are digested or the last taken come to the myddes of theyr digestynge And this causethe that some partis corrupt other some And this thyng AuiceÌ„ iij.j. doct cap. ij de eo c. warneth sayeng There is nothynge more dangerous than to myngle diuers sustinances to gether and after to prolonge the tyme in eatynge For whan the laste meate is receyued the fyrste is welnere digested Therfore the said meates in diuers of theyr partis as touchyÌ„g digestion be nat lyke But yet witteth well that prolongynge of tyme in eatynge moderately as an houre space to chawe and swolowe our meate well â—loÌ„ginge â—ne at â—ynet is allowable helpeth moche to the conseruation of helthe For good chawynge and swalowynge downe is as halfe a digestion And ill chawyng of the meate doth either let digestioÌ„ orels doth greatly hyndre it But prolongynge of tyme in eatynge with talkynge and tellynge of tales .ij. or .iij. houres is ryght hurtfull therof are ingendred the diseases before rehersed Persica poma pira lac caseus et caro salsa Et caro ceruina leporina caprina bouina Hec melancolica sunt infitmis inimica Here are declared .x. maner of meates or foodes that ingendre melancolye and are vnholsome for sicke folkes Of whiche the fyrst is eatynge of peches Eatyng of peches Wherof Galen .ij. alimentorÌ„ cap. ix sayth the ieuce of peches and their materiall substance is soone corrupted and vtterly yll Wherfore they ought nat as some say to be eateÌ„ aft other meate For they swymmynge aboue are corrupted But this oughte to be mynded whiche is a commune thynge that all that is moyst slyppery lightly gothe vnder shulde be eaten fyrste and so shulde peches whiche swyftely go to the bottum of the stomake and make way for the meates that come after But whan they be eaten last they corrupte them selfe and the other meates And thus it appereth that this sayenge ought to be vnderstaÌ„de of peches eaten after other meate For whan they be eaten before meate they be good for the stomake mollifie the bealye and prouoke the appetite as Auicen in the .ij. Canon chap. of peches saythe Ripe peches be good for the stomake gyueth an appetite to meate And farther he saithe They ouhgte nat to be eaten after other meate for they corrupt after but they must be eaten before Like wyse Serapion in the chaptre of peches by auctorite of Dioscorides saithe Rype peches are good for the stomake and they mollifie the bealy But whan they be nat rype they make a man costiue and whan they be drie they bynde sorer And decoction made of drie peches and dronken doth let the flowynge of humidites to the stomake bealy And the pouder of peches cast vpoÌ„ the place where one bledeth stancheth the bludde And al though peches haue these medicinable vertues aforsaid yet bicause they ingeÌ„dre putrified humours they be hurtfull to sicke folkes and specially whaÌ„ they be nat taken dewly Peches be colde in the fyrste degree and moyst in the seconde The seconde is peres or eatyng of peres The cause is Eatyng of peres for peres and generally al maner of newe and rawe frute fylle the bludde with water boylynge vp in the body And so prepareth the bludde to putrifie and by consequens hurtfull for sicke folkes Peres as Auicen in .ij. canonÌ„ and chap. of them sayth engendre the colicke But yet peres aboue all frute make folke fatte And therfore hogges fedde with peres are made fatter thaÌ„ with any other frute And bicause peres ingeÌ„dre ventosites and so cause the colicke therfore they be vsed to be eateÌ„ with suche frute that breake or auoide ventosites or elles to withstaÌ„de the ill operation of these frutes drynke after them a draughte of olde wyne of good sauour And the sweter sauour that peres haue the more doulce the better they be And also sodde peres be better thaÌ„ rawe and they may be sodde with anys sede fenell sede suger The thirde is eatynge of apples Eatyng of apples whiche as Auicen saythe .ij. canÌ„ cap. j. to eate often and moche cause ache of the senowes And also apples haue an yll ê“prete in engeÌ„dryng ventosites in the seconde digestion wherfore they be vnholsome for sicke folkes And also for lyke cause as hit is before sayde of peres And these sayenges of peres and apples oughte speciallye to be vnderstande whan they be rawe and nat whan they be sodde or roste And nat only these frutes shulde be eschewed of them that be sycke but also all other frutes that fyll the bludde with boylynge water as newe frute whose ieuce boylethe in mans bodye as hit were must or newe wyne And ieuce of frute boyle without in a vessell and that is through the hete of the sonne that remayneth in them whan they ryped These newe frutes through boylynge of their ieuce cause the bludde to putrifie All though whaÌ„ they be eaten they comfort a mans bodye with theyr moysture And
beste for hym that wolde be fatte The reason is bicause the doulce wynes for theyr doulcetnes are vehemently drawen of the meÌ„bres where with nature reioyceth For Auicen sayth .ii. can tract i. cap. iii. that the operations of dulce wynes are digestion mellowyÌ„g and encreasynge of nourishement and nature loueth hit and the vertue attractiue drawethe hit And all thoughe this texte may be verified by all doulcet wynes yet the moderate doulce wyne is to be chosen nat that that is excedynge doulce as muskadell For suche corruptethe the bludde by reason that nature draweth hit violently from the stomake to the lyuer before it be wel digested before the suê‘fluite therof be ryped throughe the great dulcetnes therof hit fyllethe the bludde with vndigested aquosite that maketh the bludde apte to boyle and putrifie And this also shulde be vnderstande by other meates excedynge swete And farther wytteth well Three inconuenieÌ„ce engendred of doulce foodes that of the vse of swete wyne and other doulce nourishementes .iij. inconueniences are to be feared specially of them that be inclined therto The fyrst is lothyng for the swete foodes through their heate moysture suppull fyll the mouthe of the stomake and there engeÌ„dre a disposition coÌ„trarie to the vacuation corrugacioÌ„ of hit that causethe hunger The .ij. is swyfte inflaÌ„mation of these doulce foodes conuertynge in to coler For doulce thinges most aptly engeÌ„dre coler Therfore hony aboue all other thinges soonest engendreth coler bicause of swete thynges it is moste swetest and nexte honye is swete wyne as Galen saith And here vpon riseth thyrstynes Gal. in coÌ„meÌ„to can iii. ê‘t reg acutorum nor hit is nat holsome for them that haue the ague nor for colerike folkes The thyrde is opilation of the lyuer and splene For these .ij. membres and specially the lyuer drawe dulce thyÌ„ges with theyr dregges to them for the great delite they haue in them before they be digested Wherfore ther they lyghtly cause opilations through the helpe operation of the grosse substance wherin the sauorynes of swetenes is grounded as Auicen sayth .ii. can tract i. cap. iii. And this is the cause that swete wyne doth lesse stere one to pysse thaÌ„ other wynes Agaynst these .iij. nocumeÌ„tis egre or sharpe sauory thynges are very holsome for with theyr tartnes they prouoke the appetite with theyr coldnes they queÌ„che enflaÌ„mation with theyr fynes of substance they open opilations Farther wytteth well that all though swete wynes and other doulce nourishementes stoppe or shutte the lyuer and splene yet they vnstoppe the loÌ„ges And the reason why they stoppe nat the longes as well as the lyuer and splene Gal. declareth in the coÌ„meÌ„t of the canÌ„ .iii. part reg acut Bicause doulce thinges in their passage resude nothyÌ„ge there to but that that is fyne and pure and the bludde engendred of doulce thynges cometh to the longis purified fyrst in the lyuer Hipp. iii. ê‘ticu reg acut can MeÌ„tem lemus c. and fyned in the harte Also as Hippocrates sayth Doulce wynes do leest make one dronken Thus we may coÌ„clude that if wyne be dronke for nourishement for restoratiue of the body and to make one fatte as it chaÌ„ceth in them that be leane whether it be naturally or accidentally than doulce wynes and grosse sufficiently colored are holsome For suche wynes are nouryshers restore â—es of suche as be lowe broughte and fatters Wherfore they be moste coÌ„uenient to fatte leane bodies But if we entende nat to nourishe to restore or make fatte our bodies as they that be corsye and fatte than though we may nat vse swete wynes but subtile yet they muste chose suche as be amiable and haue good sauour and flauour enclined to whitenes sufficieÌ„tly stroÌ„ge If one drynke wyne to quenche his thyrste than he muste take white wyne thynne and feble For suche wyne do moyste more and coulethe more so coÌ„sequently better quencheth thyrste And the greatter the thirst is the holsomer suche wyne is But if so be wyne be dronke to refreshe the spiritis and comforte the corporall vertue than hit wolde be subtile swete of delectable sauour of meane colour of sufficient strengthe and suche wyne ought to be taken with litell meate and hit must be depured from either superê‘fluite and to be taken in small quantite But if we purpose to scoure the breast and longes to cause vs to laske than doulce wynes of meane substaÌ„ce and of good flauour shulde be chosen Si vinum rubeum nimium quandoque bibatur Venter stirpatur vox limpida turpificatur This texte sheweth to vs .ij. hurtis that come by ouer moche drynkynge of redde wyne The fyrst is that ouer moche drynkynge of red wyne maketh one costyue The cause after the opinion of some is For suche redde wyne heatethe more than other of the parell and is more nutratiue For in that that hit is hotter hit drieth more in that the hit is more nutratiue it is more desirously reteyned of nature But yet this texte may be vnderstande by ouer moche drinkynge of byndynge redde wyne whiche is some what eger sharpe costiue Yet concernynge this wytteth well that if the stomake or the guttis be feble in their naturall operation than redde or blacke wyne called stypticke that is some what tarte ought to be vsed and droÌ„ken as they do that by debilite of stomake can holde nothynge but be laxatiue This saith Hippocrates in the canon Palmeus quidem c. And also Galen in the coÌ„ment of the same But if we wyll comfort the vertue of digestion the clene wyne or meane in substance and colour of good odour and of conuenient sauour and of sufficient strength some what stipticke is most holsome The .ij. is horsenes of the throte whiche horsenes some redde wynes through their drynes erthynes cause and enduce And this hurt cometh also by drinkynge of red wynes growynge in the parties of Brabant throughe theyr stipticalnes and erthynes and speciallye whan the sayde wynes be nat fyned this grefe chancethe But yet they make nat a man costiue For must that is verye redde is wonte to cause the flixe by reason of his erthye dregges myngled there with all whiche byteth and gnaweth the guttis of whiche gnawynge comethe the flixe And suche wyne shulde nat be dronke tyll hit be fyned For so longe as hit is gnawynge through the erthy dregges therof a mordicant fume is reysed to the brayne whiche gnawethe or bytethe the eies and maketh them redde Suche inconueniences are engendred by newe vnfyned wynes of Brabant whether they be white or redde through theyr erthynes The cause why this fume is mordicatiue is by cause the wyne that he cometh of is mordicatiue Gal. in coÌ„mento illius aphori Et qui crescunt c. For Gal. saythe What so euer is dissolued from a thynge muste nedes be lyke the
before sayde Ilia porcorum bona sunt mala sunt reliquorum This texte saythe that hogge tripes be better than of other beastis The reason is by cause we eate fewe entrayles outcepte they be full of blud and of verye fatte beastis as hogges be Nowe only hoggis bludde through the complexion and similitude of complexion with mans nature is bludde of whiche the bowels be fylled And lyke wyse hoggis be soner fatte than any other bestis Therfore we eate rather the tripes chitterlȳges of an hogge than of other bestis Impedit vrinam mustum soluit cito ventrem Epatis infraxim splenis generat lapidemque This texte openeth .v. incōueniēces that growe by drynkynge of newe wyne or muste The firste is that muste letteth the vrine and this may be vnderstande .ij. wayes Fyrste for grosse muste throughe his grosnes myxed with the dregges stoppethe the lyuer and the raynes so that the vrine can nat easely haue hit course Secondly hit lettethe the vrine of hit due course as some reinnyshe muste doth and certeyne other subtile wynes lyke wyse For there is some reynnyshe must that whose lyes are mordicāt or bytynge while hit runneth in to the bladder the erthye lyes byte and pricke the bladder and cōstrayne one to pisse contrarie to the due order and maner that he was wonte to do The .ij. is hit losethe the bealye by reason that hit scoureth the entrayles through the sharpnes of hit lyes hit pricketh the guttis to voide out the ordeurs fyrste through mordicatenes of the lyes Secondly through vētosite whiche suche wyne causethe Thyrdlye by reason hit maketh the guttis slyppry by way of vndigestiblenes and grefe of the stomake wherfore the stomake leuseth and openethe the wayes that were shutte The .iij. is that muste hurtethe the good cōplection of the lyuer For hit stoppeth the lyuer through moche mynglynge of hit lyes and causeth disease in the lyuer called dissenteria through swellynge wherby the lyuer is febled Thus sayth Auicen iii.i ca. de reg aque vini And thus it engēdrethe an yll colour and yll diseases of the lyuer that is to say spices of the dropsy The .iiij. is that muste hurtethe the splene and disposition therof throughe the same cause that hit dothe the lyuer for hit stoppeth the splene and so causethe it to be harde The .v. is that must engēdreth the stone and specially that is in the reines whiche is ruddy and lyghtly frangyble by reason of opilation that hit causeth by hit grosse substance And this is certeyne if the muste be of very swete wynes whose lyes be nothynge bytynge or sharpe For muste that hath sharpe bytynge lyes preserueth a man from the stone for hit makethe one to pysse often as some reinyshe must that causethe sande or grauel to be sene in the vrine ofte prouokynge one to make water whiche ofte makynge of water wassheth away the small grauell that cleueth to a mans raynes and so auoydeth hit Potus aque sumptus sit edenti valoe nociuus Infrigidat stomachum cibum nititur fore crudum Here are declared .ij. hurtes hurtis that comme by drynkynge of water that come by drynkynge of water The fyrste is that drynkynge of water hurteth ones stomake that eateth by reason that water cooleth and leusethe the stomake and specially hit distroyeth the appetite The .ij. is that drynkynge of water with meate lettethe digestiō for it maketh the meate receiued rawyshe After the mynde of Auicen Auic iii. i ca. de reg eiu◠quod comeditur Auic ca. de regi aque et vini sayenge Nor after meate moche water shulde nat be dronken For hit deuideth the stomake and the meate and causeth hit to swymme in the stomake And he saith And whan nature dothe digeste meate and that sufficient quātite of water be myngled therwith than after that if we drynke more water hit letteth very moche the digestion that was begonne And agayne Auicen saythe Auicen ii can tract i. cap. iiii that drynkynge of water shulde be eschewed outcepte hit be to helpe the meate downe whan hit stycketh or discendeth slowelye But with meate water shulde neuer be takē or vsed Auerrois in his cōment sheweth the reason whan we receyue water vpon meate hit maketh the stomake colde or it be through hotte and maketh the meate rawyshe and eke causeth the meate to swym in the stomake and hit is the cause that the meate stycketh nat fast there as it shulde digest as hit cōueniently shulde The operation of the stomake is to make a good myxion of thynges receyued there in and to digest them well That done there foloweth an ordinarie and a naturall seperation of pure vnpure thynges And as a greatte quantite of water put in a potte slakethe the sythynge of the meate therin so lyke wyse hit chanceth in the stomake by drynkynge of moche water But to drynke a lyttell quantite of colde water with our meate before it descende downe in to the stomake is nat forbydden but allowable specially if we be very thyrsty for a littel quātite of colde wat takē after the forsayde maner easethe the stomake and quenchethe thyrste The coldnes of the water enforcethe the heate of man to descēde to the very bottum of the stomake and so fortifieth the digestion therof Thus saith Auicē in the aboue allegate placis But witteth well that though water be more cōuenient to quenche thyrste than wyne yet wyne for a mans helthe is more holsome than water And though water vniuersally quenche thyrste better than wyne bycause hit is colde and moyst yet to make naturall and good cōmixion of meates and to cōueie them to the extreme partis of mans body wyne is better thā water For wyne through his subtile substāce and operation myngleth it selfe better with the meate than water doth and nature delyteth more in wyne than in water therfore the mēbres drawe wyne more sooner vnto them mynglynge hit with the meate This mixynge in this maner is as a boylynge or sethyng of thynges to gether whiche is greatly holpe by the heate of the wyne but warer with hit coldnes letteth hit So than it appereth that wyne in mynglynge with meate and delatynge of the same is better than water For wyne by reason of hit subtilite of substance and vertuous heate is a marueylous percer And so by consequens wine delateth or spreadeth more thā water wherin is no vertuous heate nor substance of ayre nor fire the water letteth the passage therof Farther water is nat so holsome drynke as wyne for water hyndrethe the norishement of the bodye by reason hit nouryshethe verye lyttell or nothynge at all So that the more wattrysshe that meate is the lesse hit norisheth Therfore hit is very holsome to drynke wyne with our meate for hit doth nat hynder norishement but greatlye fordreth hit for wyne is a speciall norishemēt and restoratiue and norisheth sweftely as hit is afore sayd Farther ye shall
is harde of digestion and stereth one to vomite that by reasoÌ„ of hit calidite But the .iij. nutte that is the nutte of the crosse bowe is dethe for the crosse bowe sleethe men Orels we maye vnderstande the nutte methel whiche as Auicen saythe is venomous wherfore hit sleeth Adde potum piro nux est medicina veneno Fert pira nostra pirus sine vino sunt pira virus Si pira sunt virus sit meledicta pirus Si coquas antidotum pira sunt sed cruda venenum Cruda grauant stomachum eleuant pira cocta grauatuÌ„ Post pira da potum post pomum vade fecatum In the fyrste verse here he lerneth vs to drynke wyne after peres For peres as is before sufficientlye declared engendre ventosite and of theyr proprete cause the colyke and engendre blud fulle of aquosite and therfore with them one shulde drynke stronge wyne whiche consumethe ventosites and aquosites engeÌ„dred of peres Secondly the texte sayth that nuttis is a remedye agaynst venome as hath bene shewed at Allea nux c. Farther in the .ij. and .iij. verse he shewethe that peres eateÌ„ without wyne are venomous that is hurtfull to mans nature the cause is shewed in the fyrst verse Yet for al that peres be nat venomous simply for if they were they slee and peres so doynge are accursed In the .iiij. verse he shewethe that rawe peres are venomous that is hurtful for they make the humours to boyle and cause the colike sleme skabbe Yet if they be sodde they be medicinable in maner as is before said that is to saye with wyne and specially eaten after other meate for so they expulce the dregges In the .v. verse he sayth that rawe peres greue the stomake for they let his digestion and inflate but sodde peres releue the stomake greued and dispose hit naturally In the last verse are .ij. thynges The fyrste is after peres we must drynke for the cause before sayde The .ij. is that after eatynge of appuls we muste go to siege for Auicen saythe Auicen .ii. can ca. de pontis If swete or sower appuls fynde any grosse humours in the stomake they force them to discende from thence to the guttis for appuls are moche inflatiue and engendre ventosites whiche nature expelleth to the inferiour partis Cerusa si comedas tibi conâ—ett grandia dona Expurgans stomachum nucleus lapidem tibi tollit Et de carne sua sanguis eritque bonus Eatyng of cheries Here are declared .iij. commodites that come of cheris eatynge The fyrste is that cheris purge the stomake This some say is trouthe whan the stones be broken and eaten with al for these .ij. to gether of their proprete scoure and clense The .ij. is that the kyrnell of the cherie stone by his vertue breaketh the stone in ones raynes or bladder is eaten drie or made in mylke The .iij. is that the substance or meate of cheries engeÌ„dreth very good bludde comforteth and fattethe the bodye And this is proued by experience for we se that sparowes whiche are greatte eaters of cheries that in cherie tyme theyr lyuers be farre greatter thaÌ„ in other seasons wherby appereth that cheries encreace and coÌ„forte the lyuer Yet here is to be noted that there be .ij. sortes of cheris grosse smalle And eke of the grosse are .ij. sortes some are swete and some sower All doulce and smalle cheris are vnholsome for they lyghtlye corrupte and brede vermyn The grosse and sower cheries are called cina and of these are .ij. sortes Some be ruddye and softe of substance and suche must be eaten freshe and newe gethered and at begynnynge of dyner theyr nature is to scoure the stomake and to prouoke the appetite The other are blacke grosse and harde of substaÌ„ce and specially the sower And these shulde be eaten at the begynnynge of dyner or soupper The cause is for by theyr sowernes they close the mouthe of the stomake wherby better spedier digestioÌ„ foloweth Infrigidant laxant multum prosunt tibi prima Here he putteth .ij. vtilites coÌ„mynge by eatynge of prunes Fyrste prunes coole the bodye And therfore Portugals that dwelle in a hotte couÌ„tre alwaye with theyr meate sythe prunes The .ij. prunes cause one to laske by reasoÌ„ of theyr humidite claÌ„mines as Gal. saith Galen .ii. alimeÌ„toruÌ„ Auicen .ii. can ca. de prunis This is of trouth if they be rype for prunes that be nat rype be stypticall norishe lytell as Auicen saith And though damaske prunes haue the forsayde vtilites yet proprelye they be ascriued to prunes of Armeny For prunes of the countre of Armeny are better than any other And they vnbynde the wombe more vehemently than other as Auicen saythe For a more declaration ye shall vnderstande that rype prunes are vsed nat vnrype The beste prunes And prunes most holsome for mans nature be the longe ones that haue lyttell substance about the stone small harde in maner drie and the vtter skyn thynne they shulde nat be swete in taste but some what sower and of this sorte are Damaske prunes and suche refreshe and coole the body as sayde is There be many other sortes of prunes whose vse is nat accepted There be also prunes calledde wylde prunes whiche growe in the woddes these be nat laxatiue of them water is distilled to byÌ„de the wombe Prunes that are taken to make one to laske muste fyrste be layde in colde water for than they coole and moyst more perfectly and by slipperynes they leuse the coler that they come to and so the stomake is better disposed to receyue foode And here is to be noted that moyst prunes and newe are more alteratiue thoughe they be of worse norishement and of more superfluite but drie prunes coÌ„forte more and better nouryshe the body And as hit is sayde by prunes so after the maner is vnderstande of cheris Yet nat withandynge the humidite of cheris is subtiler and lesse claÌ„my wherby they norishe lesse than prunes Persica cum musto vobis datur ordine iusto Sumere sic est mos nucibus sociando racemos Passula non spleni tussi valet est bona reni Here be .iij. doctrines The fyrst is that with peches we shulde drynke muste for .ij. causes the fyrste is for must is hotte boyleth in our body whiche boylynge and heate the peche with it coldnes fordoth The .ij. cause is for peches be ryght colde and coole the bodye verye moche Therfore that wyne shulde be dronke vpon them whiche heateth more than other But that is muste that is knowen by experience The maner howe we shulde eate peches and other frutis is declared at Persica poma c. The .ij. doctrine is that with olde drie nuttis we must eate resyns For newe gethered nuttis are by them selfe holsome but olde dry nuttis are greatte driers through theyr vnctuosite they lyghtelye enflame the bodye wherfore with them
resyns must be eate whiche restrayne inflaÌ„mation drynes by reason they moyst And of nuttis is spoken more largely at Allea nux c. The .iij. doctrine is that resyns of corans hurt the splene for it causeth opilation therof yet they are holsome for the raynes for by theyr prouokynge of vrine they purge the raynes Scrofa tumor glandes ficus cataplasmate cedit Iunge papaner ei confracta foris tenet ossa Here be declared .ij. holsome thynges that come by playsters made of fygges Fyrst figges sodde in water moyste layde to any of these .iij. diseases cureth hit that is swynes yuell kyrnels and swellynges By swynes yuell is vnderstande inflasion vnder the chynne about the throte And it is called scrofula a scrofa that is to saye a sowe or a swyne either bicause this disease chanceth many tymes to swyne through theyr gulosite orels by cause the shappe of this disease is likened to swyne as Auicen sayth Auicen iii.iiii tract ii cap. de stropulis By kyrnels are vnderstaÌ„de impostumes whiche coÌ„monly chance vnder the arme pittis and in the groynes And by swellyng may be vnderstande inflasions in any parte of the body Wherfore to hele these impostumes and specially to rype them figges shulde de sodde with water A playster made of fygges and with the water shulde be mixed a litell curtsy of vineger whiche shulde helpe the vertue of the figges to entre And whan it is sodde the fygges must be beate in a morter and thaÌ„ myngled with a curtsy of the water that they were sodde in and so make a playster A playster is proprely a medicine made of some herbe or flower and the ioyce therof as this verse sayth Tunc cataplasma facis cum succum ponis et herbam The .ij. vtilite is that a playster made of figges and popie sede ioyneth or setteth broken bones to gether agayne A playster of fygges popie sede And they muste be sodde to gether in water wtout vineger and than stampe hit in a morter and put therto a littell of the water that it was sodde in and so lay hit to the sore The reason herof may be bicause popie sede both taketh away the sensiblenes of the meÌ„bres wherby the ache that is wonte to chaÌ„ce in breakynge of bones is done away and prouoketh to slepe Fyggis eke drawe the humidites of the bodye to the vtter partis whiche humidites broughte to the bones maye drawe retayne or holde them to gether but neuer perfectely knytte them And witteth well that there be .iij. kyndes of popis whyte redde and blacke The redde is venomous and growethe amonge corne Yonge scholeâ—s are wonte to stampe the flowers therof to make them redde ynke Pediculos veneremque facit sed cuilibet obstat Eatyng of fygges Here be declared .ij. operations of fyggis The fyrst Moche eatyÌ„ge of fyggis maketh one lousy and this is for certayne if the fygges be drie as Auicen sayth Auicen .ii. can ca. de ficubus And he saith that the cause is through the maliciousnes and corruption of the humour of them engendred And eke an other cause maye be for that figges stere one to swete moche wherof lyce are engendred The .ij. operation is fygges stere one to carnall luste and lyke wyse they haue many superfluites and augmente the sede of generation Multiplicant mictum ventrem dant escula strictum Escula bona dura sed mollia sunt meliora Here are declared .ij. vtilites of medlars The fyrst is that they encâ—eace vrine that is by reasoÌ„ they make the dregges harde and so the wtattrynes turneth in to moche vrine The .ij. vtilite is medlars make one costife throughe their sowernes and stipticalnes and therfore the texte sayth harde medlars be good to stoppe the laske But yet the softe medlars be better than the harde for they noryshe more and bynde lesse And here is to be noted that medlars noryshe lesse than appuls peres peches fygges and suche lyke whiche thynge apperethe playnelye by theyr egernes of relishe or taste hardnes of theyr substance after they be ryped on the tree and therfore we shulde eate fewe medlars and rather in way of medicine than meate And bicause they be verye stipticall they be holsome for the laske And bicause medlars ripe nat on the tree softe inough to eate they must be layde tyll they be softe and than they be more delectable and lesse stipticall Prouocat vrinam mustum cito soluit inflat Thre ê“pretes of muste be here touched Fyrste muste prouoketh one to pysse for in muste are the erthy ê‘tis scouryngly bytynge the bladder whan they come therto by reason wherof the bladder is constrayned to auoyde the vrine And this proprete is vnderstaÌ„de of mustis that haue bytynge lies as moche reinnishe muste For mustis that haue grosse lies are nat nyppyÌ„ge but rather stoppynge and lettynge of vrine as is before sayde at Impedit vrinam c. The .ij. proprete must maketh one lyghtly laske through the same cause shewed in the fyrst proprete Thyrdly must is inflatiue for the boylynge that hit maketh in the body reyseth vp ventosites The causes of these .ij. propretes are shewed before at Impedit vrinam Grossos humores nutrit seruisia vires Prestat augmentat carnem generatque cruorem Prouocat vrinam ventrem quoque mollit inflat Infrigidat modicum sed plus desiccat acetum Infrigidat macerat melanc dat sperma minorat Siccos infestat neruos pinguia siccat Here the auctour toucheth .ij. thynges Fyrst he putteth .viij. propretes of ale or beare Fyrste ale engendreth in mans body grosse humours whiche is of trouth in regarde of wyne And after the diuersite of the corne or grosse substance the ale is made of the grosser humours are engendred Secondly ale augmentethe the strengthes and this doth ale made of the best grayne wel sodde for by reason hit nourysheth moche hit encreaceth strengthe Thyrdly it encreateth fleshe by reason hit nourysheth moche and for the same cause hit encreaceth the bludde And these .iij. laste propropretes is in stale ale well sodde and made of the beste grayne Fyftely hit stereth one to pysse Syxtly hit maketh one to laske And these .ij. ê“pretes is in clere bere that hath moche of the hoppe as bere of Amburgens whiche by reason of the hoppes bryngethe one in a laske And hit is nat good for them that haue a weake braine For this bere by reason of hoppis doth lyghtlye ouercome the brayne Seuently hit enflateth the bealye this is of trouthe if hit be yll sodde as Holande bere doth whiche enflateth most and stoppeth and therfore fatteth ryghte moche The .viij. is that a lyttell curtsye ale colethe So dothe bere of Hollande Brabande Heynault and Flanders And this is hit that we vse daylye And this proprete is for certaine in respecte of wyne Here is to be noted that ale may be made of ootis barly wheate And as the
grayne is altered so is the coÌ„plexion of the ale Hit that is made of barly inclineth more to colde for barlye is colde Hit that is made of barly and ootis stoppethe lesse and lesse engendreth ventosites and lesse nourisheth And ale made of wheate malte inclineth more to hete nouryshethe more and stoppethe more And the grosser the ale is the worse hit is the subtiler the better Farther ale made of thynges that maketh one dronke is worste as of darnell For this grayne specially engendreth heed ache and hurteth the senowes Farther in the texte are .v. propretes of vineger The fyrste is hit driethe For Auicen sayth hit is a stronge drier Auicen .ii. can ca. de aceto Auic iii. i in ca. vnico doct v. And therfore phisitians bydde in tyme of pestilence to vse hit with meate and drinke For Auicen sayth he that vseth vineger in his meate and drinke in pestileÌ„ce tyme nedeth nat to drede the sickenes The .ij. is that vineger of it owne ê“prete coleth Thyrdly hit maketh one leane by reason that hit driethe And this is for a very trouth if one take it fastyÌ„g as Auicen sayth Yet neuer the lesse Auic iii. i doct iiii cap. v. coÌ„tinuall vse of vineger specially fastynge causeth many incoÌ„uenieÌ„ces it febleth the syght hurteth the breast causethe the cough hit hurtethe the stomake and lyuer and vehemeÌ„tly oppresseth the senowes and ioyntes them vexynge with arteticall grefes tremblynge and shakinge Fourthly vineger engendreth melancoly by reason it cooleth drieth Fyftely vineger diminisheth the sede of generatioÌ„ for that hit coolethe driethe and makethe leane These ê“pretes Rasis putteth sayenge Vineger is colde and drie whiche maketh leane distroieth the strengthes diminisheth the sede of generatioÌ„ enforceth blacke coler weaketh ruddye sanguine coler and makethe the meate subtile that hit is myngled with In the last verse the auctour putteth .iij. thynges Fyrste that vineger hurtethe leane folkes by reason hit drieth and hit tartnes maketh hit drie the more For lyke ioyned to lyke maketh the one more furious And eke eueri decaide complexion is holpe by the contrarye and by the like is brought in worse case Secondly vineger hurteth the senowes thirdly hit maketh leane as is before fayde Rapa iuuat stomachum nouit producere ventum Prouocat vrinam faciet quoque dente ruinam Si male cocta datur hinc tortio tunc generatur Here are declared .iij. vtilites of rapes teÌ„perately sodde and one incoÌ„uenience of the same Fyrst rapis comforte the stomake for the stomake digesteth them well and is nat greued there with Secondly rapes breake wynde as apperethe by experience Thyrdly rapes prouoketh the vrine Yet besydes these propretes Auerrois sayth rapes greatlye coÌ„forte the syghte The hurte of rapes is the continuall eatynge of them hurtethe the tethe In the laste verse he sayth rapis cause throwes or gnawyng in the bealy by reason they multiplie ventosites as sayth this verse Ventum sepe rapis si tu vis viuere rapis The tayles of rapis leusethe the bealye Farther more note that of all rootis rapis do best norishe mans body as appereth by the swetenes founde in theyr sauour For all swete meates nouryshe more the body than sower bytter or terte Therfore by cause rapes be sweteste of all rootes lesse sharpe they be moste holsome in waye of meate but yet they engendre grosse melancoly bloudde if they be nat well digested And hit is good to purifie them from the fyrst water and in no wyse to eate them rawe They stere one to bodily lust and clense the wayes that the vrine ronneth Egeritur tarde cor digeritur quoque dure Similiter stomachus melior sit in extremitates Reddit lingua bonum nutrimentum medicine Digeritur facile pulmo cito labitur ipse Eâ—t melius cerebrum gallinarum reliquorum In this passage are noted .v. thynges The first is that the harâ—e of beastis is slowelye digested by reason the harte fleshe is melaÌ„colious whiche is hardly digested and slowly descendeth and as Auicen sayth is vnholsome fleshe Auicen .ii. can ca. dâ— nuce and as Rasis saythe hit nourisheth lyttell The .ij. is that the mawe lyke wyse is yll of digestion and slowe of discendynge by reason hit is a senowye membre and gristly wherfore it digesteth yll engeÌ„dreth yll blud Farther the texte saith that the extreme partis of the mawe as the bottum and brymme are better digested by reason that those ê‘tis are more fleshie and fatte The thyrde is that the toÌ„ge is of good nouryshement and that is touchynge the rote 〈◊〉 can 〈◊〉 cap. de 〈◊〉 â–ª as Auicen sayth by reason hit is fleshie and of easye digestion And amonge all other a rosted pygges tonge the skynne scraped of is lyke braune as princis karuers knowe A netis toÌ„ge by reason of hit moystnes is nat verye holsome But for al this these delicate felowes or they rost a netis tonge they stoppe hit with cloues where by the moystnes is diminished and the meate is apter to eate The .iiij. is that the lyghtis are easye of digestion and easye to be voided out and this is by reason of theyr naturall softenes Yet theyr norishemeÌ„t is vnholsome for mans nature for hit is lyttell and flematike as Auicen saythe And here is to be noted Auic can 〈◊〉 cap. de puâ—mone that thoughe the lyghtis of a tuppe be vnholsome to eate yet hit is medicinable for a kybed or a sore he le if it be layde hotte there vnto as Auicen saythe The .v. is that a hennes brayne is best Auicenna 〈◊〉 anone whiche as Auicen sayth stancheth bledynge at the nose Hit must be eaten either with salte or spices for of hit selfe hit ê“uoketh one to vomite And phisitians say that chickyns braynes augment the memorie The brayne of a hogge is vnholsome for man but the brayne of a shepe of a hare or a cony may be eaten with salte or spices And of the brayne we haue more largely spoken before at Nutrit impinguat c. Semen feniculi fugat spiraculi culi Here is declared one doctrine of fenell sede called maratrum whiche breaketh wynde Eatyng of fenel sede by reason hit is hotte and drie And here is to be noted that by eatynge of fenell sede as phisitians say are engeÌ„dred .iiij. coÌ„modites Fyrste hit is holsome for the ague Secondly hit auoydeth poyson Thyrdly hit clenseth the stomake Fourthly hit sharpethe the syghte These foure vtilites are rehersed in these .ij. verses Bis duo dat maratrum febres fugat atque venenum Et purgat stomachum lumen quoque reddit acutum And eke Auicen rehersethe these .iiij. propretes Auicen .ii. can ca. de feniculo And as touchynge the last of the .iiij. he saythe as folowethe Democritus demed that venomous wormes desire newe fenell sede to coÌ„forte sharpe their syght and serpentis after wynter issuynge out of theyr caues do
rubbe theyr eies agaynst fenell to clere theyr syght Farther note that fenell digesteth slowly and norisheth yll and lyttell and therfore hit is vsed as a medicine and nat as meate Wherfore hit oughte nat to be vsed in the regiment of helthe but to expelle the vnholsomenes of other meates As we vse some time to eate persly with lettis to resiste the coldnes and humidite of the lettis so lyke wyse fenell may be sodde with gourdes and rapis to withstande the vnholsomenes of them Emendat visum stomachum confortat anisum Copia dulcoris anisi sit melioris Here thauctour openethe .ij. vtilites of dyll Fyrste dyll comforteth the syghte and secondlye the stomake by reason that hit mundifieth the stomake and heteth hit and eke for the same reason hit comforteth the syghte Most hurfull for the syghte for nothynge hurtethe the sight more than vnclenes of the stomake For from the vncleane stomake ascende vncleane vapours that hurte the eies in troublyÌ„ge the sighty spiritis These are the .ij. ê“pretes of doulce dylle And besyde these Auicen .ii. can ca. de aniso Auicen rehersethe many other profites of dylle sayenge that hit aswagethe dolours breaketh wynde quencheth thyrst caused of salte moystnes hit openethe opilations of the lyuer and splene engendred of humidites and lyke wise of the raynes bladder and matrice hit prouoketh vrine and menstruous flixe hit clenseth the matrice from white humidites stereth to carnall luste Si cruor emanat spodium sumptum cito sanat Here thauctour puttethe one coÌ„modite of spodiuÌ„ and that is that spodium taken healeth the blodye flixe by reason that of hit owne vertue hit coÌ„fortethe the lyuer and so the lyuer fortified whiche is the originall fountayne of bludde the blud is there better reteyned Auicen .ii. can ca. de spodio And Auicen saythe that spodium is the rootes of redes burned And hit is sayde that these rotes moued by the wynde and rubbyÌ„ge them selfe to gether burne one a nother Yet Symon the Ianway sayth that spodium is a thyng whose begynnynge is vnknowen vnto vs hit semeth to be a thynge brente and diuisions of redes burned And hit dothe nat onelye helpe the bluddye flyxe but also the laske and spuynge as Rasis saythe Hit helpeth also a sharpe ague and is comfortable agaynst the shakynge therof and for ouer moche auoydynge of coler hit helpeth the stomake as Auicen sayth And as spodium dothe helpe and coÌ„forte the lyuer so there be other medicines that haue lyke aspecte and lyke proprete to comforte other speciall membres as mace the harte muske the brayne lykeres the lyghtes caper the splene and galyngale the stomake as appereth by these verses Gaudet eparspodio mace cor cerebrum quoque musco Pulmoliquiricia splen epar stomachusque galanda Vas condimenti preponi debet edenti Sal virtus refugat non spaciumque saporat Nam sapit esca male que datur absque sale Vrunt persalsa visum spermaque minorant Et generant scabiem prurâ—tum siue vigorem This texte openeth .iij. thynges Fyrste he puttethe a generall doctrine obserued euerye where that before all other thynges salte muste be sette vpon the table as the vulgare verses teache vs Sal primo poni debet primoque reponi Omniâ— mensa male ê‘onitur absque sale Secondlye he touchethe .ij. holsome thynges of salte Fyrst that salte resisteth venome for .ij. causes Fyrst for that salte is a drier and so with hit drines drieth vp the humidites that wolde corrupt An other cause is that salte drieth and supresseth the humidites drawynge them out of the body and so shutteth the poores and consequently stoppeth the entrance of venome whiche is wonte to entre by the poores The .ij. holsome thynge is salte maketh mans meate sauorie For coÌ„monlye we se no meatis sauorie without salte as saythe the thyrde verse Thyrdly the auctour openeth .iiij. incoÌ„ueniences of salte or meates to moche salted Fyrste very salte meates marre the syght for .ij. causes The fyrst is that salte thynges drie ouer moche whiche is contrarie to the eies the instrumentis of syghte for the eies are of the nature of water 〈◊〉 in de sensu seÌ„â— as the philosopher saith The .ij. cause is for that meates verye salte engendre ytche nyppynge in maner as is afore sayde Of mordicatiue meatis beynge in the stomake fumes mordicatiue are lyfted vp whiche by theyr nyppynge hurte the eies and make them verye redde And therfore we se that they that make salte haue coÌ„moÌ„ly redde eies The .ij. hurte is that very salte meates diminishe the sede of generation by reason that verye salte meatis drie ryghte moche all the humidites of the bodye wherbye also the sede of generation is dried and so lessed The .iij. hurte is it engendreth the scabbe by reason that salte engeÌ„dreth a sharpe bytynge humour aduâ—t whiche causeth the scabbe The .iiij. hurte is hit augmenteth ytche by reason hit engendrethe a mordicatiue ytchynge humour And these .iiij. hurtis Rasis remembreth speakyÌ„ge of salte thus Farther hit burneth theyr blud that take great quantite therof hit febleth theyr syght minisheth the sede of generation and engeÌ„dreth ytche scabbe â–ª and besydes these hurtis very salte meate engendreth rynge wormes drie scurfes morphewe lepre in them that be disposed there vnto sleathe the passage that the vrine ronnethe whan they are longe continued yet whan hit is a lyttell poudred hit taketh awaye lothynge and maketh one to haue a good appetite Hi feruore vigent tres salsus amarus acutus Alget acetosus sic stipans ponticus atque Vnctus et insipidus dulcis dat temperamentum Here are put the qualites of all sauerines Fyrst he saythe that these .iij. sauerinessis or relishes salte bytter and sharpe heate the body that receiueth them Secondly he saythe that these .iij. sauerinessis terte stipticall and ponticke coole Thyrdly he sayth that these .iij. relishes vnctuous vnsauery and swete are temperate they make the bodye neither hotter nor colder Farther after AuiceÌ„ there be viiâ— talages or sauerinesses that folowe vnsauerynes and they be swete bytter Auicen .ii. can tract i. cap. iii. sharpe terte pontike stiptike vnctuous and to nombre vnsauerynes for sauerynes as the texte doth there be .ix. and than sauerynes is taken for euery thynge iuged by the tast And amoÌ„ge these talages there be .iij. hotte as sayth the texte salt bytter and sharpe and as Auicen sayth the sharpe is the hotter and nexte is salte and than bytter for as moche as sharpe is stronger to resolue incidentis and scoure than bytter And than salte is like bytter broken to gether with colde humidite And of these talages iiâ— be colde eger stiptike pontike But pontike is colder thaÌ„ the other and nexte is stiptike and than eger And therfore all frutes that come to any swetenes haue fyrste a talage pontike of a vehement coldnes and after that by digestiue heate of the sonne the
to the bodily hete But comparynge hit to ruddye blud and coler hit is colde Fleme is naturally whyte and this is called swete fleme extendynge this name swete to all the talages delitynge the taste for other wise this natural fleme is nat swete but vnsauery and watrishe and very nere the talage of water And to this fleme nature hath nat gyuen a ê“pre mansion as she hath done to coler and melancoly but nature maketh it ronne with the bloud for it hath a very nere similitude to bloud And of this fleme there be .ij. necessites and one vtilite The fyrste necessite is that hit be nere the membres so that theyr vertue maye digeste and turne hit in to bloudde and that the membres by hit may be nourished whan they haue loste theyr naturall foode that is for to saye good bloudde throughe restrynte of material bloud whiche restreynt is caused of the stomake lyuer through some causes accidentall The .ij. necessite is that hit myngle with the bloud and make hit apte to nourishe the meÌ„bres of flematike complexion as the brayne and nuche for that that must noryshe these meÌ„bres must be well myngled with fleme The vtilite of fleme is that hit moyst the ioyntes and membres that moue moche leste they waxe drie through the heate that cometh of theyr mouynge and rubbynge Vnnaturall fleme may be deuided Fyrste in hit substance so some therof is muscillaginosuÌ„ and that is fleme to ones semynge diuerse for in some parte it is subtile and thynne and in some other grosse and thycke it is called muscilaginosuÌ„ bicause hit is lyke muscilages draweÌ„ out of sedes There is an other fleme that appereth egall in substance that is in subtilite grossenes to ones demynge but for a trouth hit is diuers in euery parte this is named rawe fleme And this encreasethe in the stomake and entrayles And to auoyde hit out of the stomake Hippocrates byddethe vs spue twyse a monethe and to voide hit out of the guttis nature hath ordeyned coler to runne from the chest of the gall to the entrayle ieiuniuÌ„ so forthe to the other lower guttis to scoure away that fleme from the brymmes of the entrayles and to cause hit to discende downe with the other dregges and fylthe Some tyme this fleme is encreased in the veynes specially of olde folkes by minishyng of theyr digestioÌ„ and there remaynynge is by lyttell littell augmented and engrossed hurtynge nature whiche can nat by the veynes therto ordeyned voyde hit out yet it doth that is possible to kepe it from the harte and other inwarde membres and driueth it to the outwarde membres and specially to the legges for by hit heuynes hit naturally draweth to the lower partis of man And this is the cause why olde folkes legges are swollen that if one presse downe his fynger therin there taryethe a hole specially towarde night and in fatte folkes suche as were wonte to be nourished with moyst meates There is an other spice of fleme verye subtile wattrishe lyke vnto water some what thicke This fleme is verye often myngled with theyr spittyll that haue yll digestion and of those that be great drinkers it runneth from the brayne to the nose as hit is wonte in the begynnynge of the pose and whan by decoction and boylynge in man hit cometh grosse hit is turned in to fleme grosse white and muscillage There is an other fleme grosse and white called gipseum the subtile partis of this fleme is dissolued through it longe bydynge in the iointis and the grossenes therof remaineth in the ioyntis as harde as stones This fleme engeÌ„drethe a goute vncurable There is an other fleme thycke and grosse lyke to molt glasse in colour claÌ„mynes and weight Secondly vnnaturall fleme differethe in talage for there is certayne fleme that is swete whiche is by mynglynge of bludde with fleme And vnder this is conteyned the vnctuous fleme whiche is engendred by mynglynge of vnctuous bloud and fleme There is an other maner of vnsauerye fleme caused of rawnes as certeyne glassy fleme There is an other salte fleme caused by mynglynge of coler And this is more bytynge drier and lyghter thaÌ„ any other fleme through the coler mingled therwith whiche is drie lyght and sharpe And this fleme is ofte founde in theyr stomakes that be flematike that drinke moche stronge wyne and that vse salte and sharpe meates and cleuynge to the stomakes causeth other whyle thyrst intollerable and runnyng by the guttis hit some tyme fleeth them and causethe the bluddy mensyn in the fundemeÌ„t ofte tymes induceth stronge â—o stiuenes There is an other fleme that is sharpe by mynglynge of sharpe melancolye therwith and some tyme throughe boylynge of fleme as hit chanceth in the swete ieuses of frutes that fyrste boyle and after waxe ripe And this fleme appereth oftner in theyr stomakes that digest yll than in other partis For naturally coler floweth to the mouthe of the stomake to stere vp thappetite whiche desceÌ„dyng downewarde some tyme myngled with fleme maketh it sower and this is ê‘ceyued by sower belchynges And other whyle this fleme is engendred in the stomake by boylyÌ„g with a weake heate There is an other fleme called pontike whiche is some tyme caused by mynglyng of poÌ„tike melancoly But this is seldome by reason that pontike melancolye is very scarse Hit is some tyme caused throughe vehement coldnes therof wherby the moystnes therof is coÌ„ieyled and some what altered to erthynes and thervpon cometh no weake heate whiche causynge it to boyle shulde conuerte it in to sharpenes nor no stronge heate whiche digestyng hit shulde turne it in to blud There be .ij. kyndes of coler natural and vnnaturall Vnnaturall coler is the fome of blud whose coler is ruddy clere that is citrine in the laste degree of citrines as saffron heedes and hit is lyghte and sharpe and the hotter the more redde it is And after this coler is engeÌ„dred in the heed hit deuideth in two partis one parte gothe with the bloud in to the veynes the other gothe in to the purse of the galle The parte that gothe with the bloud entreth therwith bothe for necessite and profite Hit is nedefull that hit myngle with the bloud to nourishe the colerike meÌ„bres Hit is behoueful that hit make the bloud subtile and cause hit to entre in to the veynes The parte that gothe to the purse of the galle gothe eke thether for necessite and profite The necessite is double The one is nedefull for all the bodye to mundifie hit from colerike superfluites The other necessite is in respecte of the galles purse The profite also is double The one is to washe the entrayles from dregges and claÌ„my fleme cleuynge to them The other is to pricke the guttis musculs that they may fele the thynge that hurteth them and voyde all other fylthynes The profe of this is that colike chanceth oftetymes by stoppynge of the hole
to anger The laste .ij. verses recite some of the forsayde tokens and also some other Fyrste a sanguine ê‘sone is free nat couetous but liberall Secondly he is amorous Thyrdly he hath a mery countenance Fourthly he is moste parte smylynge of whiche all the benignite of the bloud is cause and prouoker Fyftlye he hath a ruddye colour For Auicen saythe that ruddy colour of the skynne signifieth abundance of bloud And this must be vnderstande of brighte ruddy colour nat darke suche as is wonte to be in theyr facis that drynke stronge wynes abundantlye and that vse sauces and sharpe spices for suche colour signifieth lepre to come Syxtly he gladlye singethe and herethe syngâ—ge by reason of his mery mynde SeueÌ„thlye he is fleshye throughe the cause afore sayde The .viij. is he is hardy through the hete of the bloud whiche is cause of boldnes The .ix. is the sanguine persone is benigne and gentyl through the bounte of the sanguine humour Est humor colere qui competit impetuosis Hoc genus est hominum cupiens precellere cunctos Hi leuiter discunt multum comedunt cito crescunt Inde magnanimi sunt largi summa petentes Hirsutus fallax irascens prodigus audax Astutus gracilis siccus groceique coloris Here the auctour teacheth vs to knowe a persone of colerike complexion Fyrst he is hasty by reason of superfluous heate that mouethe hym to hastynes AuiceÌ„ ii.i doct iii. cap. iii. And therfore Auicen sayth that dedes of excessiue motion signifie heate Secondly the colerike persone is desirous of honour and coueteth to be vppermoste and to excelle all other by reason that suê‘fluous heate maketh maÌ„s mynde prone to arrogaÌ„ce and foole hardynes Thyrdly they lerne lyghtlye by reason of the subtilnes of the colerike humour And therfore Auicen saithe that the vnderstandynge promptnes and quicke agilite to intelligence betokenethe heate of complexion Fourthlye they eate moche for in them the heate digestiue is stronger more resolutiue than in other bodies Fyftly they encresse soone through strength of naturall heate in them whiche is cause of augmentation The .vj. is they be stoute stomaked that is they can suffre no iniuries by reason of the heate in them And therfore Auicen sayth secunda .i. doctrina .iii. cap. tertio that to take euery thynge impaâ—iently signifieth heate The .vij. is they be liberall to those that honour them The .viij. is they desire highe dignites officis The .ix. is a colerike persone is hearye by heate openynge the pores mouyng the mattier of heares to the skynne And therfore hit is a coÌ„mon sayenge the colerike man is as heary as a gotte The .x. is he is disceyuable The .xj. is he is soone angry through his hotte nature And therfore Auicen sayth ofte angry and for a smalâ— cause betoketh heate through easy motion of coler and boylynge of the bloud aboute the harte The .xij. is he is a waster in spendyng largely to optayne honours The .xiij. is he is bolde for boldnes cometh of great heate specially about the harte The .xiiij. is he is wylye The .xv. is he is skleÌ„der membred and nat fleshie The .xvj. is he is leane and drie The .xvij. is he is saffâ—on colored And therfore Auicen saythe that coler signifiethe dominion Restat et adhuc tristis colere substancie nigre Qui reddit prauos per tristes paâ—a loquentes Hi vigilant studiis nec mens est dedita somno Seruant propositum sibi nit reputant fore tutunt Inuidus et tristis cupidus dextreque tenacis Non ex perâ— fraudis timidus luteique coloris Here he declareth some tokens of a melancoly ê‘sone Fyrst melaÌ„coly maketh folkes shrewde and yll manered as they that kyll them selfe The .ij. is great heuines for melancolye folkes are moste parte sad through theyr melancoly spiritis troublous darke lyke as clere spiritis make folkes gladde The .iij. is they talke lyttell by reason of theyr coldnes The .iiij. is they be studious for they couet alway to be alone The .v. is they are no slepers nor slepe nat well by reason of the ouer moche drines of the brayne and through melancoly fumes they haue horrible dreames that wake them out of theyr slepe The .vj. is they be stedfaste in theyr purpose and of good memorie and harde to please and this comethe throughe theyr drines The .vij. is they thynke nothynge sure they alway drede through darkenes of theyr spiritis In the .ij. laste verses he recitethe some of the forsayde signes and other Fyrste the melancolye persone is enuious The .ij. he is sadde The .iij. he is couetous Fourthly he holdeth fast and is an yll payer Fyftly he is simple yet disceitfull and therfore melancoly folkes are deuoute great reders fasters and kepers of abstinence Syxtlye he is fearfull Seuenthly he hath an erth ye browne colour whiche colour if hit be any thinge grene signifiethe the dominion of melancolye as Rasis sayth .ij. Alman Hi sunt humores qui prestat cuique colores Omnibus in rebus ex flegmate fit color albus Sanguine fit rubeus colera â—ubea quâ—que ruffus Si peccet sanguis facies â—ubet extat acellus Inflantur gene corpus nimiumque grauatur Est plusquam frequens plenus mollis dolor ingens Maxime fit stontis et constipatio ventris Bâ—caque lingua sitis et somnia plena ruboâ— Dustior adest spâ—ti sunt actâ—a duicta queque Here the auctour puttethe the colours that folowe the complexions A flematike persone is whitely coloured the colerike is browne and tawnye the sanguine is ruddy the melancoly is pale colered lyke erthe Afterwarde the texte declareth .xij. colours signifienge superfluite of bloud The fyrst is whan the face is redde by ascendyng of bloud to the heed and face The secoÌ„d is whan the eies bolle out farther than they were wonte The .iij. is whan the eies are swollen The .iiij. is whan the bodye is all heuye for nature can nat susteyne nor gouerne so great quaÌ„tite of bloud The .v. is whan the pulce beateth thycke The .vj. is whaÌ„ the pulce is full by reasoÌ„ of the multitude of hotte and moyst vapours The .vij. is whan the pulce is softe throughe to moche humidite mollifienge the mattier The .viij. is ache of the forheed The ix is whaÌ„ the bealy is costife throughe great hete that drieth vp the fylthy mattier The .x. is whaÌ„ the tonge is drie and rough for like cause The .xj. is great thyrste through drines of the stomakes mouth engeÌ„dred of great hete The .xij. is whan one dreameth of redde thynges AuiceÌ„ ii.i doct iii. cap. vii This Auicen affirmeth sayenge Slepe that signifieth abuÌ„dance of bloud is whan a man dreameth he seeth redde thynges orels that he shedeth moche of his bloud â–ª orels that he swymmeth in bloud and suche lyke The .xiij. is the swetenes of spyttell throughe swetenes of bloud Here is to be noted that lyke as there be tokens of
abundance of bloud so there be signes of the abundance of other humours as in these verses folowynge Accusat coleram dextre dolor asper alingua Tinnitus vomitusque frequens vigilantia multa Multasitis pingrâ—s egestio torsioventris Naulâ— a fit morsus cordis languescit oreâ—is Pulsus 〈◊〉 est grocilis dâ—us veloâ—que calescens Aret amarescit incendi asomniâ— fingit The tokens of abundance of fleme are coÌ„teyned in these verses folowynge Flegma supergrediens proprias in corpore leges Os facit incipidum fastidia cerebra â—ilâ—as Costarum stomachi simul occipitisque dolores Pulsus adestrarus ettardus molâ—s inanis Precedit fallax fantasâ—ata somnus aquosa The signes of abundance of melancoly are conteyned in these verses folowynge Humorum pleno dum fex in corpore regnat Nigra cutis durus pulsus tenuis et â—rina Solicitudo timor et tristicia somnia tempus Accrescet rugitus sapor et sputaminis idem Leuâ—que precipue tinnit et sibilat auris Denus septenus vix fleubothomiaâ— petil annus Spiritus vbeâ—ior erit per fleubothomiam Spiritus ex potu vini mox multiplicatur Humorumque cibo damnum lente reparatur Lumina clarificat sincerat fleubothomia Mentes et cerebrum calidas facit esse medullas Viscera purgabit stomachum ventremqueâ—oerceâ— Puros dat sensus dat somnum tedia tollit Auditus vocem vires producit et auget Here thauctour speaketh of bloud letting Fyrst he sheweth what age is required to be bloud letteÌ„ sayenge At .xvij. yere of age one may be let bloud And touchynge this Galen saythe GaleÌ„ .xl. â—e iugenio that children shulde nat be let bloud oneles they be .xiiij. yere olde at lest bicause childreÌ„ bodies be sone resolued from outwarde heate and therfore by voydynge of bloud they shulde be greatlye weaked Also for that they nede to nouryshe theyr bodies and augment them they shulde nat diminishe theyr blud And eke for that they be soone dissolued from outwarde heate hit suffiseth wherfore they nede nat to be let bloud And wittethe well that as bloud lettynge is nat conuenient for children so it is vnholsome for olde folkes as Galen saythe Gal. lx tegni For the good bloud is littell and the yll moche and bloud lettyng draweth away the good bloud leaueth the yll as Auicen saythe and therfore bloud lettynge is vncoÌ„uenient for suche persones Aui iiii i cap. x. SecoÌ„dlye he puttethe the hurte of bloud lettynge Of necessite with voidynge of bloud done by bloudde lettynge mans spiritis beynge in the bloud do grealye auoyde Thyrdlye he sheweth howe the spiritis shulde be cherished and restored and that is by drinkynge of wyne after the bloud lettyng For of all thynge to norishe quickely wyne is best as is before sayde The spiritis also be cheryshed and restored by meatis but that is nat so quickely as by wyne And the meate after bloud lettynge must be lyght of digestion and a great engendrer of bloud as rere egges and suche lyke And all thoughe meate restore the spiritis after bloud lettynge yet let the pacientes beware of moche meate the fyrste and .ij. day For Isaac saythe in dietis that they muste drynke more than eate and yet they must drynke lesse than they dyd before bloud lettynge for digestion is weaker Fourthlye the auctour putteth .xj. conueniences of bloud lettyÌ„ge duly done Fyrste temperate bloud lettynge comforteth the syghte for diminishynge of humours doth eke diminishe fumynge to the heed and the repletion therof darkynge the syght Secondelye hit clerethe and maketh pure the mynde and brayne through the same cause Thyrdly it heateth the mary for it minishethe the superfluites that therto come and cole it Fourthly it purgeth the entrayles for nature vncharged of bloud digesteth better rawe humours that be lefte Fyftly bloud lettynge restreyneth vometyng and the laske for hit diuerteth the humours from the interior partis to the outwarde specially lettyÌ„ge bloud of the armes as Auicen saith For lettyng bloud of the feet stoppeth nat so well yet ê‘chance the bloud lettynge shall augmente the laske and that .ij. wayes Fyrste by bloud lettynge nature is discharged of her burden and thaÌ„ comforted hit prouoketh other vacuations Secondly if the laske be caused by great weakenes of vertue contentiue For than for that by bloud lettynge vertue is weaked the laske is augmented The .vj. is that blud lettyng clereth the wyttis For it minisheth vaporation that gothe to the heed troublethe the wyttis The .vij. is hit helpethe one to slepe for therby many humours be voyded by whiche sharpe vapours and diuers are lyfted vp lettynge one to slepe The .viij. is hit takethe awaye tediousnes and ouer great grefe for therby vertue is vnlodeÌ„ of grefe and eke with the bloud melaÌ„coly the dregges of bloud whiche induceth tediousnes and grefe is drawen out The .ix. is hit coÌ„forteth the herynge for therby the vapours and humours ascendinge to the heed and lettyÌ„ge the herynge are diminished The .x. is hit comforteth the voyce for therby the superfluites and humidites that may come to the breaste or pype of the lyghtis and let the voyce are diminished The .xj. is hit augmentethe the strengthes for therby the body is vnladen of hit grefe wherfore vertue is augmented Tres insunt istis Maius september aprilis Et sunt lunares sunt velut ydra dies Prima dies primi postremaque posteriorum Nec sanguis minui nec carnibus anseris vti In sene vel iuuene si vene sanguine plene Omni mense bene confert incisio vene Hi sunt tres menses Maius september aprilis In quibus eminuas vt longo tempore viuas Here thauctour sayth that these .iij. Maye september aprile are the monethes of the moone and in them are dayes forbidden to let bloud that is the fyrste of Maye and laste of september and aprile Thoughe this be a coÌ„mon rule yet hit is false For the forsayde dayes maye be as good and worthy to be choseÌ„ as the other after the diuersite of constellation in them Farther the auctour saith that in those days none shuld eate goose fleshe whiche also is false erronious and very witchecraft I thynke thauctour had this sayeng of the iewes whiche obserue suche maner SecoÌ„dly he saith that men of myddell age yonge folkes whose veynes be ful of bloud may be let bloud euery moneth for those may well resist resolutioÌ„ in them is great quaÌ„tite of good bloud Thyrdly he saith that blud lettyng for mans helth must be done in one of these .iij. monthes maie septeÌ„ber aprile but yet with difference for in aprile maie the lyuer veyne muste be let bloud bicause than in vere tyme the bloud encreaseth and in septeÌ„ber in the splene veyne bicause of melancoly whiche than in autumpne encreaseth Frigida natura frigens regio dolor ingens Post lauachrum coitum minor etas atque seniles Morbâ—s prolixus repletio potus et esce Si
veynes may haue som respiracion and some yll fumes voyde out The .ij. is to dryÌ„ke and specially wyne whiche is good in blud lettyng if one hap to swouÌ„de and also hit is very holsome after blud lettyng to reuiue the spirites engendre newe blud whiche thyng in practyse all phisitians obserue The .iij. is baynyng whiche is holsome .iij. dayes before and .iij. dayes after blud lettyng nat the same day Hit is good before if one thynke he haue grosse humors within hym for baynyng leuseth moueth humors for the said cause hit is holsome to take a sharpe syrope before to moue dissolue and make subtile the humours And therfore whan ye wyll let one blud ye must rubbe the arme that the humours in the veynes about may be made subtile prepared to issue out more esily Hit is holsom after blud lettynge that the residue of humours vapours left behynd may be leused Hit is nat holsome the same day for baynyng maketh the skyn lynnowe whiche made lynnowe wyl nat abyde the stroke gyuen in blud lettyng that is daÌ„gerous The .iiij. is byndynge with lynnen clothes whiche is very holsome to stop the blud after euacuation therof before bledyng to drawe the humours to the veynes and to cause them to swel better to appere The .v. is moderate walkyng before blud lettyng to dissolue make subtile the humors afterward to leuse the residue of the humours lefte behynde Here note that some vse to be let blud fastyng but some other say hit were better to eate a rererosted egge fyrst and therto drynke a draught of wyne about the houre of .ix. or .x. before dyner and forth with to be let blud The cause is whaÌ„ the stomake is empty nature reteyneth styl the blud more stroÌ„gly lest she shuld lacke norishement but whan one hath eate a lyttel norishyng meate as wyne egges is than nature suffreth the blud better to issue Exhiâ—araâ— tristes iratos placat amantes Ne sint amentes fleubothomia facit Here be declared .iii. effectis of blud lettyng First it maketh a sad ê‘sone mery Secondly it appeseth angry folkes The reason is this moche melaÌ„coly myngled with the blud causeth heuynes and moche coler causeth aÌ„ger whiche .ij. humors as they be myngled with the blud are draweÌ„ out by blud lettyng Thirdly hit kepeth louers from furious rauyng for it remoueth the blud froÌ„ the heed auoydyng it by the other exterior partis Farther note that there be .v. causes of blud lettyng The first is that the abundance whether it be in qualite or quantite or bothe shuld be voyded For as Auicen sayth two maner folkes must be let blud One is they that be disposed to be sicke that haue abundaÌ„ce of blud in quantite The other is they that are sicke alredy through the malice of humors or blud But there is difference in these .ii. blud lettynges For blud lettyng for the abuÌ„dance of blud ought to be moche but whaÌ„ it is done to auoyde yll blud it must be moderate as Galen saythe .ix. metategni And therfore they do very yll that let them selfe blede tyll they ê‘ceyue the good blud issue for ê‘auenture all theyr blud shall ruÌ„ne out er they se any good blud appere Therfore they shuld voyde a lyttel at ones and after the mynde of Galen in this case before they let one blud they shuld gyue hym good meates to engeÌ„der good blud to fulfyl the place of the yl blud auoyded and after within a lyttell space to let hym blud a lyttel and a lyttel This is called directe lettyÌ„g of blud for it is done to auoyde abundaÌ„ce of blud and of suche humors as shulde be auoyded The fyrst indirecte cause is the greatnes of the disease and greatnes of the apparent vehement inflaÌ„macion for as GaleÌ„ saith ther is no better medicine for an iÌ„postume of vehement inflaÌ„macion feuers great ache Gal. in coÌ„men illiuâ— apho quâ— egerunt thaÌ„ blud lettyng The .ii. indirect cause is that the mattier whiche must be auoyded be drawen to yâ— place froÌ„ whens it must be auoyded And therfore in retencion of the menstruous flixe emeraudis the great veyne in the â—ote called sophena must be opend as Galen saith to draw downe the mattier of the blud The .iij. indirect cause is to drawe the humours to the place contrary to that place that they flow to to diuert the mattier froÌ„ that place Therfore for to moche abuÌ„dance of meÌ„struosite the veyne basilica must be let blud to turne the mattier to the coÌ„trary part and so to voyde hit froÌ„ hit propre course And therfore he that hath a pluresie on his lyft syde must be let blud on the right side to diuert drawe the mattier to the place coÌ„trarie to that place that it inclineth to And like wise if it be on the right side to let blud on the lyft The .iiij. indirect cause is that bi lettyng of blud one portion of the mattier may be auoyded that nature may be the stronger vpon the residue and so lettyng of blud is holsome whan the body is ful lest impostumes growe for the regimeÌ„t of nature is feble iÌ„ regard of these humors wherfore a portion of the mattier is voyded lest through vnablenes of nature in gouernyng the mattier the mattier shuld flowe to som weake place and brede an impostume Faâ— plagam largam mediocriter vt cito fumus Exâ—at vberius liberiusque cruoâ— Here thauctor sayth that the gashe made in lettyng oâ— blud ought to be of a mean largenes that the same grosse blud may esily issue out for whan the gashe is straite the pure blud onely goth out and the grosse abith styl in And note that somtyme the gashe must be great somtyme small The gashe must be great for .iii. causes Fyrst bicause the humours be grosse and grosse blud must be voyded as in them that be melaÌ„coly Secondly in wynter the gashe muste be great for colde engrosseth the humours Thyrdly for thabuÌ„daÌ„ce of humours for they auoyde better by a great gashe than a small But the gashe must be small whan the ê‘sone is of weake strengthe that the spiritis naturall hete auoyde nat to moche and lyke wise in a hotte season and whan the blud is pure Sanguine subtracto sex horis est vigilandum Ne somni fumus ledat sensibile corpus Ne neruum ledat non sit tibi plaga profunda Sanguine purgatus non carpas protinus escas Thre thynges must be consydred whaÌ„ one is let blud Fyrst that he slepe nat within .vi. houres after â—est the fumes engeÌ„dred by slepe asceÌ„de to the heed hurt the brayne There be other causes Fyrst lest he in slepe turne hym on the arme that is let blud and therby hurt hym The .ii. is lest the humours by slepe flowe to the peynful meÌ„bre by reason of the incision so brede an impostume For GaleÌ„ saith that if
impostumes brede in the body or in a meÌ„bre hurt the humours flowe thervnto But Auicen assigneth an other cause that by suche slepe may chance coÌ„fraction of the meÌ„bres The cause may be as Galen sayth that slepe is vnholsome in the ague fyt for natural hete goth inward Gal. ii apho suê‘ illo In quo c. and the out ward ê‘tis waxe colde the fumes remayne vnconsumed wherby the rigour is augmented and the feuer fyt ê“longed Also by mouyng of the humours iÌ„ lettyÌ„g of blud fumes are reised vp to the senowes and braunes of the armes whiche remaynyng vnconsumed waxe colde in slepe and ingrosse in the vtter partes And therfore if one slepe iÌ„mediately after lettyng of blud they cause confraction of the senowes and braunes of tharmes Secondly he sayth that one in lettyng blud must beware that he make nat the gashe to depe lest he hurt a senowe or an arterie strynge vnder the veyne for hurtyng of a senowe causeth a mortal crampe or losse of a meÌ„bre as an arme or a fynger and hurt of an arteri strynge causeth bledyng vncurable The .iiij. is one ought nat to eate iÌ„mediatly aft he is let blud but he must tary tyll the humors in hym be in qete lest the meate er hit be digested be drawen together with the blud to succour the hurt membre Omnia de lacte vitabis rite minute Et vitet potum fleubothomatus homo Frigida vitabit quia sunt inimica minutis Interdictus erit minutis nubilus aer Spiritus exultat minutis luce per auras subtile to ruÌ„ne through out al the body outcept the matter be furious The .ii. is abuÌ„dance of the mattâ—er for GaleÌ„ sayth on the aphorisme Inchoantilus morbis c. that it is than behoueful to be let blud or take a medicine laxatiue to alleuiate nature loded with abuÌ„dance of mattier The .iii. is greatnes sharpenes of the sickenes as whan there is a great an acheful impostume though the mattier be lyttel Gal. xiii 〈…〉 For GaleÌ„ sayth if the impostume be great ye must let blud at the begynnyng though there be but lyttel mattier lest it breke or open er it be rype therfore to eschewe many incoÌ„uenieÌ„ces blud lettyng must be done 〈◊〉 is so 〈…〉 eyther to 〈◊〉 or deth 〈◊〉 The .ii. rule is that blud lettyÌ„g may nat be done on the day of mocioÌ„ of the sickenes as in crisis nor no other vacuacion nor diuertyng of mattier froÌ„ the place that nature sendeth it to Nor like wise in the ague fyt For Galen sayth .i. aph that whaÌ„ the sickenes is in hit estate neyther blud lettyng nor laxatiue shulde be done for than the matter rypeth whiche rypeth better by quietnes thaâ—â—rryng The .iii. rule is that lettyng of blud shuld nat be done in begyÌ„nyng of the sickenes whan crisis is remoued for Isaac saith in his boke of vrins that though the hart be the engeÌ„drer of the blud spiritis yet the blud is fundacioÌ„ of natural hete susteyneth hit for hete is naturally therof engendred and therfore one voydyng blud voydeth hete whiche shulde digest the mattier of the sickenes and so coÌ„sequently the sickenes is proloÌ„ged strengthe weaked And therfore hit is to drede lest through lengthynge of the sickenes and weakyng of the streÌ„gthe nature shuld fayle The .iiii. rule is that the body hauyng dregges or filth iÌ„ the guttis shuld nat be let blud The cause is there be .iii. thyÌ„ges that draw to them hete emptynes all the shap nowe the veynes eÌ„pted by lettyng of blud dawe to them froÌ„ the next meÌ„bres as the guttis stomake wherby that bealy is indurated the mattier in the veynes more infected the miseraike draweth the humidites of the ordeurs the ordeurs are dried the more therfor ye must fyrst mollifie the bealy with clisters or suppositories except it waxe laxatiue alone The .v. rule is That lettyng of blud shulde nat be moche vsed for by oft vsyng therof one waxyng olde falleth in to dyuers diseases as epilencie apoplexie and palsey for by remouyng of the blud hete many flematike suê‘fluites are engendred that cause these diseases The .vi. rule is that a woman meÌ„struate or with childe shuld nat be let blud A womaÌ„ with childe shuld nat for therby the hete that digesteth meate is diminâ— and the foode of that that she goth with taken away specially whan it that she goth with waxeth great for thaÌ„ it nedeth more foode This sayth Hippocrates .v. aph whaÌ„ the menstruosite kepeth due curse voydeth naturally inough lettyÌ„g of blud shuld nat be done but whan it voydeth to moche than to diuert the mattier it must be done for nature wolde nat be let of her operacion The .vii. rule is that after the colerike passion one shuld nat be let blud for bi reason that lettyng of blud sturreth vp the humors a colerike on the right side of the body staÌ„deth the meÌ„bre that engendreth blud that is the lyuer and the receptacle of coler the galle AutuÌ„ne engeÌ„dreth melancoly whiche is gethered to gether nat resolued by wenter therfore in verÌ„ and wynter those veynes shuld be let blud in whiche melaÌ„coly hath dominion whiche be the lyft side veynes for the splen is on the lyft syde of the body whiche is the receptacle of melaÌ„coly Secondly he sayth that these .iiii. meÌ„bres the heed the hart the fote and the lyuer after the .iiii. seasons of the yere must be empted the hart in verÌ„ the lyuer in somer the heed iÌ„ wynter and the fote in autumne Dat saluatella tibi plurima dona minuta Purgat epar splenem pectus precordia vocem Innaturalem tollit de corde dolorem Here he toucheth .vi. coÌ„modites that come by lettyng blud of the veyâ—e called saluatella hit is the veyne on the backe of the haÌ„de betwene the myddyll fynger rynge fynger Fyrst it purgeth the lyuer SecoÌ„dly it cleÌ„setâ—â—ene Thyrdly it muÌ„difieth the breast Fourthly hit preserueth the stomakes mouthe froÌ„ hurt Fyftly hit doth away hurt of the voyce Sixtly hit doth away vnnaturall ache of the hart The reason of all these coÌ„modites is bicause the forsayd veyne auoydeth blud froÌ„ al these places as after it shall appere For a more ample declaracion hit is to witte that in lettyng of blud other while the veynes be opend and somtyme the arteries The openyÌ„g of the arterie is daÌ„gerous the chiefe cause hereof is the ouermoche bledyng whiche is caused .ii. ways One is through ferueÌ„t hete of the arterie blud for a hotte thyng is soone mouable delateth openeth the arterie and therfore hit helpeth moche to voyde the blud in lettyng blud the arterie The .ii. cause is mobilite of the arterie and therfore the wouÌ„de or gashe in it is slowlier healed for wouÌ„des without rest can nat heale Yet this lettyÌ„g of blud is holsome .iii. maner wise Fyrst whan there is abuÌ„daÌ„ce of subtile blud iÌ„ the body SecoÌ„dly
for this cause Auicen forbyddeth them specially eatynge of frute that haue the ague in his .iiij. dist and chap. of the vniuersall cure sayenge All frutes hurte them that haue the ague throughe theyr boylynge and corruptyng in the stomake The .iiij. is eatynge of mylke Eatyng of mylke the cause why eatynge of mylke is nat good is bicause it is lyghtly corrupted and turneth vnto fume or sharpenes in the stomake as in theyr stomake specially that are diseased with putrified feuers therfore they that haue a putrified feuer are forbyden eatynge of mylke And to them also hit is hurtfull that haue the heed ache to them that haue the swyns pockes to many other Wherof Hippocrates speakethe in the Aphorisme Lac dare caput c. to gyue them mylke that haue the heed ache is verye hurtefull Yet nat withstandynge in some diseases mylke is agreable for them that haue the tysike the feuer etike and for some other as Hipp. saith in the afore allegate aphorisme And also folowynge some thinge shall be saide whaÌ„ we come to Lac ethicis c. And all though mylke in the forsayd diseses is blamed yet in them that be holle it is allowable and that if it be well digested in the stomacke lyuer For thaÌ„ it washeth the eÌ„trayles with it wattrishenes and hit mundifieth with hit buttrines and striueth agaynst venomous humours and with hit chese moysteth the membres and alleuiateth the grefes of the brest and hit doth mitigate the shotynge or prickynge of the longes guttes raynes entrayles and of the bladder and it is good agaynst prickynge humours in the entrayles Farther more mylke is good for teÌ„perate bodies whose stomake is clene from colerike and flumatike humours For to suche folke mylke well digested is great nourysshynge hit ingendrethe good bludde it nourisheth the body and conuenientlye moysteth and makethe faire the exterior partis as Isaac saith in the vniuersall dietis And there also he sayth by auctorite of Ruffus that they that wyll drynke mylke must drynke it fastynge and it must be dronke hotte from the cowe and to eate nothynge tyll that be digested and nat to labour nor stere aboute moche than Yet seldome or at no tyme one shulde forbeare walkynge but than one muste walke an easye pace tyll he parceiue hit be discended to the bottum of the stomake But mylke is vnholsome for these bodies that be disteÌ„pered For in hotte bodies it is soone turned in to colerike fumosite In suche as be colde hit tournethe to sharpenes and putrifaction Also mylke is vnholsome for an vnclene stomake for therin it corrupteth Choyce of mylke Touchynge the choyce of mylke hit is to be noted that meane mylke is to be chosen for nourishement and nat thynne mylke as mylke of a camell or of an asse nor the most fatte and grosse is nat to be chosen as mylke of kyne shepe wherfore goottis mylke shulde be chosen For hit is nat so wattrishe as camels mylke the whiche is nat apte to nourishe by reason of humidite and hit maketh a man to laske Nor it is nat so fatte nor so grosse nor so full of curdes and butter as kowe mylke and shepis mylke is whiche by reason of theyr fatnes stoppe the heynes and engendre veÌ„ tosites and is more harder of digestion thaÌ„ is necessary in gouernance of helth Therfore mylke of a gootte nat to nere kyddynge tyme nor to farre from it and that goth in a good pasture whan pastures be at the best shulde be chosen The .v. is eatynge of chese Eatyng of chese and it may be vnderstande of all sortes of chese but specially of olde chese The reason is bycause newe chese is colde moyst and of grosse substance and harde of digestion engendreth opilations and the stone and helpeth or coÌ„serueth mans helth by way of nourisshement very littell or nothynge And olde chese is hotte drie by reason of the salte therin hit causeth digestion but yet of it selfe it is harde of digestion of small nourishemeÌ„t and hurteth the stomake drieth ouer sore agreeth wors thaÌ„ newe chese But chese betwene bothe neyther newe nor olde The bontie of chese nat to tough nor to brittill to harde nor to softe to swete nor to sower nat to salte nor to full of eies of good tallege of good sauour whan it is cutte whiche tarieth nat loÌ„ge in the stomake made coÌ„ueniently of good mylke sufficiently oyly Suche chese is good and shulde be chosen afore all other wherof after meate we shulde eate a lyttell quantite for moche in quaÌ„tite in way of nourishemeÌ„t is vniuersally ill and hurteth the stomake wyll nat digeste and engendreth opilations the stone in the raynes grosse humours in the body ventosites Therfore that chese is onely good that coÌ„meth out of any gardes handes The .vj. is salte meate dryed with salte or smooke Salte meate and of what kynde of best so euer hit be hit engendreth grosse bludde and melancoly and so per coÌ„sequens it is vnholsome for sicke folkes nor holsome for them that be hole as Auicen ij.j doct ij cap. xv about the ende sayth that salte flesshe nourissheth but littell and that it is grosse engeÌ„dreth yl bludde The .vij. is hartis fleshe Hartis fleshe whiche lyke wyse engeÌ„dreth melancolye bludde as witnesseth Rasis AlmaÌ„ .iij. cap. de animalibus siluestribus et domesticis The .viij. is hare fleshe Haare fleshe whiche lyke wyse engendreth melancoly bludde as Rasis sayth in the place afore allegate This fleshe engeÌ„dreth more melaÌ„colye than any other And of this Isaac in dictis vniuersalibus sayth that hare fleshe shulde nat be eaten as meate but onelye vsed in medicines And witteth well that hare fleshe hartis fleshe whan they be olde oughte vtterly to be eschewed yet neuer the les they may be eaten they be best before caluynge tyme that theyr drines may be tempered with the age And yet they ought to be eschewed excepte they be fatte For their drines is tempered with theyr fatnes The .ix. is goottis fleshe The .x. is oxe fleshe For these be melancolye flesshes For Isaac in dictis vniuers saythe Gootis fleshe and oxe fleshe be worst Gootis fleshe 〈…〉 hardest and sâ—owest of digestion and whan they be digested they engendre grosse bludde and melancoly And Auicen in his .ij. canon of goottis fleshe saythe Goottis fleshe is nat very good and ê‘chance the humour is very yll And lyke wyse ye shal vnderstande of goottis fleshe and cowes fleshe whiche are worse than the forsaide fleshes gootis and oxe fleshe For of them Auicen in the .ij. Canon the chap. of fleshe sayth Cowe fleshe hartis fleshe wylde goottis fleshe and great foules engeÌ„dreth the feuers quartans And yet farther he saythe of cowe fleshe that cowe fleshe nourissheth moche and engendreth grosse melancoly and melancoly disseases And he saythe farther that cowe fleshe engendreth lepre And
be olde and nat newe For newe wyne or must doth soner ouer come ones brayne and make one haue the laske than other of the parell hit engeÌ„dreth the colike and other accidentis that shall be declared after whan we come to Impedit vrinam Nor ye shulde nat vnderstande that wyne ought to be to olde For suche wyne Auic iii. i ca. de regimine aque â— vini as AuiceÌ„ saith is as a medicine and nat as drynke For suche wyne dothe rather alter a temperate body to heate and drought thaÌ„ nourishe it hit is of small norishemeÌ„t For whan hit is so very olde hit receyueth agayne hit fyrste naturall verdure and sharpenes and is than all firye wherfore the aggregatour in the chap. de vite by authorite of Galen writethe that hit is hotte and drye in the .iij. degree The .iij. is that wyne oughte to be subtile For subtile wyne maketh the spiritis of maÌ„ subtile and grosse wynes grosse spiritis The .iiij. is wyne shulde be rype and nat vert or eger orels hit wyll depriue man of all his naturall vacuations and good helthe as Galen sayth in the coÌ„meÌ„t of the canon .iii. part reg acut And therfore hit is hurtefull for them that wante euacuation by vrine and all other their vpper meÌ„bres Yet as Gal. in the same place saythe suche wyne stypticall is holsome for diseases that chance in the guttes Yet as Galen saythe there the stypticalnes of the wyne wolde be put awaye by moche mynglynge of water The .v. is that wyne shuld be alayde with water For therby the fumosite of the wyne is put away and so ouercoÌ„meth the brayne lesse This is treuth if the wyne be subtile but if hit be grosse hit ouercometh the brayne the sooner for therby it is subtiled made more fumyshe And of this wyne Auicen vnderstode whan he saide Auic â—ii i ca. de regimine aque et vini that wyne alaide with water doth soner ouer come the brayne than pure wyne The .vj. is wyne shulde be sprinkelynge whaÌ„ one tastethe hit and this is one of the condicions of good wyne before saide The .vij. is taken of the drynkers condicion and nat of the wyne that is we must drynke wyne teÌ„perately For wyne temperatly taken sharpeth the wytte and engeÌ„dreth all the holsome thynges before declared By all these thynges here expressed we maye conclude that wyne moste to be chosen and best in the regiment of helth is meane wyne egall betwene olde and newe clere some what redde of good odour and flauour of egall sauour that is neither eger sharpe nor swete whiche is nat grosse nor to moche subtile and eke that hit be nat to stronge nor to weake and that hit growe nat on stony hylly grounde nor on simble plaine earable grounde but on highe grounde lyenge open towarde the southe in a countrey nat to hotte nor to colde And these thyÌ„ges are partly gathered out of Gal. iij.j. the place afore allegate Touchynge the regimeÌ„t of wyne coÌ„cernyng the ages the rules that Auicen putteth in the aboue allegate place are to be noted The first is to gyue children wyne to dryÌ„ke is as one layde fire to fire of drie wodde For chyldren be tender and soone enflamed throughe thabundaÌ„ce of theyr naturall heate their senowes and brayne be weake feble Wherfore wyne hurteth them many wayes First by quicke inflaÌ„mation by strykynge of the brayne by lyghtly percynge of the senowes and abundant fumosite Therfore whan one gyuethe wyne to chyldren to drynke the flamynge heate of the wyne is added to the flamynge heate of chyldreÌ„ bodies whiche is of small resistence as drie styckes reedes or towe is agaynst the fire The .ij. rule is that one gyue an olde man as moche wyne to drynke as he can beare without hurt that is as moche as his naturall and due appetite desireth For lyke as olde bootis and buskyns that be drye and wrynkeled are made soupull and playne with oyle lyke wyse ben the bodies of olde folkes by drinkynge of chosen wyne as wyne of Beuuois Auncient folkes are colde and wyne heateth their spirite is heuy and they be fulle of melancolye but wynes maketh them mery and represseth melaÌ„colyes and coÌ„monly olde folkes slepe yll but wyne makethe them to slepe well They be prone to opilations but wyne openeth and letteth them And so lyke as wyne to children is moste contrarie so for olde folkes hit is most holsome The .iii. is that yoÌ„ge folkes drynke wyne temperatly temperately is touchynge measurable quantite and conuenient alayenge with water And al though yoÌ„ge folkes are as hotte as chyldren yet they haue theyr meÌ„bres more sounde the senowes and brayne more stronge wherby they may the stronglyer resiste the hurte of wyne drynkynge There folowe many good thinges of drynkynge wyne sobrely that is to saye the voidynge of coler the quickenynge of the corporall myght and wytte and the abundance of subtile spiritis Non sit acetosa ceruisia sed bene clara De validis cocta granis satis ac veterata This texte declareth .v. thyÌ„ges to chose good ale by Fyrste that hit be nat sower for that hurteth the stomake A sower thynge as Auicen sayth in many places hurteth the senowes for the stomake is a meÌ„bre full of senowes and that is touchynge the brynke The .ij. is that ale muste be clere for troubled ale is a stopper and hurtethe them ouer moche that haue the stone hit fattethe and enflatethe and maketh one shorte wynded and engendreth moche fleme The .iij. is ale shuld be made of good corne nat corrupte that is to saye of the best barly wheate or â—otis for the better the corne is the better is the humour therof engendred The .iiij. is that ale oughte to be well sodde for it is the better digested and more amiably receiued of nature and the incoÌ„uenieÌ„tis therof growyng are the better borne For ale nat well sodde engendreth veÌ„tosites in the bealy gnawynge inflasioÌ„ and colike The .v. is ale oughte to be stale well purged and nat ouer newe For newe ale engendreth the same hurte that ale doth that is nat wel sodde and there with mooste easilye causeth the strayne coilion De qua potatur stomacus non inde grauetur Here is taught one lesson touchynge the vse of ale That we must drinke it moderatly so that the stomake be nat hurte therby nor droÌ„kennes caused For hit is worse to be dronke of ale than of wyne and loÌ„ger dureth the fumes and vapours of ale that ascende to the heed are grosse wherfore they be nat so resoluable as they that be moÌ„ted vp by wyne Where vpon it is to be noted that in the begynnynge of dyner or soupper hit is holsomer to drynke ale before wyne the cause is for at the begynnyng of our repast or dyner the body is hungrye so the stomake before we began to eate meate was hungrye and so drewe superfluites from