Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	body_n	motion_n	natural_a	2,016	5	6.5181	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A42214	De rebus belgicis, or, The annals and history of the Low-Countrey-warrs wherein is manifested, that the United Netherlands are indebted for the glory of their conquests, to the valour of the English, under whose protection the poor distressed states, have exalted themselves to the title of the high and mighty ...; Annales et historiae de rebus Belgicis. English	Grotius, Hugo, 1583-1645.; Manley, Thomas, 1628-1690.	1665 (1665)	Wing G2098; ESTC R3740	690,015	1,031

overjoyed refused to redeem themselves or their goods but making an excuse of poverty whereupon the Hollanders setting fire both upon the Town and Castles departed their revenge being to them instead of prey The success at Gomera was not much unlike for there an empty Town lay open to them the Guns and other things which the People could not carry away with them in their flight being buried under ground and some who for hope of prey went up into the Mountains were slain to the number of fourscore which was a great Victory to the weak multitude and according to the Custom of Barbarians they shewed great cruelty upon the dead and conquered Bodies which when they had regained they set all the Buildings they came to on fire Douse seeing these his first hopes fait and knowing there would be no need of so great an Army to wast the Coasts he sent one part of the Fleet home with what prey was gotten who happily escaping the Enemies Fleet for at the same time that had set Sail from Corunna and by and by separated by the boysterousness of the Weather yet at last in the middle of Autumn they attained the Harbour Himself with the rest of the Forces appointed to go to Brazil a noble part of America in possession of the Portugueses and aboun●ing with a rich sort of Wood and Sugar But chusing the Hesperides and all Africa joyning upon the Ocean as a safer Voyage when he saw there many Novelties particularly money made of Shells he wandred from thence increasing his number with some Merchants Ships which he had taken coming from Spain by some fatall Counsel he chooses the Island of St. Thomas a Colony of the Portugalls for the refreshing his Men. They were invited to that place by the fresh waters and Shell-fish called a Tortoise which is no unsavory meat and besides many times full of Eggs which have so hard a Shell as is not easily broken There is also an infinite store of Fish which either for fear of other devourers or through ignorance of humane covetousness because no Fishermen come thither stick to the sides of the Ships There were moreover some fowl which being weary of flying sit down of their own accords This Island of Ethropia which is called Guine lyes in such a Climate that the nights and dayes are equal and tempers the heat of the Sun that is alwayes perpendicular to them and never so declining as to make any Winter which part of this wide World Antiquity asserted neither to bear Corn Fruits or Men because those ages were ignorant of the Art of Navigation But as experience teacheth there is no part of Nature but is usefull some way or other nor is the modesty of men such as that they will leave the most barren and unhealthful soil unsearched for gain The Circuit of the Island is almost round where it is broadest they reckon it but twelve leagues the middle part is mountainous over which clouds continually hanging with their dew make abundance of Reeds or Canes to grow out of which Sugar is taken the profit arising whereof is so great as maintains the Portugueses and imployes for each of them a hundred or more servants Here likewise groweth Ginger and Trees whose juice exceeds the use of Wine both for pleasantness of taste and quenching the thirst Here no man resisted them at their landing the Town of Pavousa after a light ●ickering was taken Douse then gave notice to Francisco Menez that kept the Castle That he was not come to Sea like a Pirate but that he was sent with a well furnished Fleet by the most noble Captain Prince Maurice and the States to punish both old and new injuries with a publick War That he would do well therefore not to make him who had greater matters to look after to stay there for one Garrison assuring mercy and clemency to such as yielded but punishment or death to them that continued stubborn and so bringing thither some Artillery the surrender of the place quickly followed But the Islanders who were fled making a great eruption set fire on the Town whose flames were suffred to expatiate to the great ruine of others for the Hollanders moved at the damage as if it had been their own scattered the fire up and down the fields and Villages But Heaven it self fought most sharply for the Inhabitants for an incurable and violent disease seized the Hollanders in their Tents and pursued them with that malevolence and destruction as is hardly imaginable Nor indeed shall I excuse them as being so ignorant in things of nature that they did not shun places lying directly under the stroke of the Suns heat and pestilenti 〈…〉 Ayres which though if find fit bodies naturalized ther●to from their very parents there yet is not to be born by a people not used thereto and comming from parts much more North for the Ayre there is neither cleansed cooled not refreshed with any Winds and so by means of the untemperateness grows foul and corrupted with a dusky vapour endammages the earth and this makes the countenances of the Portugueses that dwell there to be of a pale wan colour and the continual recourse of Fevers doth sufficiently argue That even they that were born in a warmer Climate do draw in a more dangerous Ayre At first the Judges sent to inhabite this Island only such as were condemned persons in Portugall but now covetousness doth bring others thither voluntarily Although it hath seldome been found that any European born ever attained there to his middle age But the Seamen besides the heat of the Ayre being wearied with labour were driven to remedies equal to the evills they suffred for a deadly sleepiness very noxious to such as went to take the cool Ayre at the rising of the Moon and Sugar and Indian Nuts and other things causing a flux they eat unmeasurably And now the drinking of water too greedily brought the disease full out among them but whether it were corrupted by the fraud of men I may worthily doubt since it agrees with the malice of that Nation and that not differing from reason Another cause of their ruine was their use of Venereal sports with some of the Women N●tives the most of which are so libidinous that they will endeavour to allure men into their embraces in such diversity that Nature was not able to bear such a traffique of bodies thus they brought upon themselves several causes of death on every hand This Pestilential mortality was made more noted by the death of D●use the Admiral who being of a very gross corpulent body was not capable of much motion in his natural climate being for two dayes rather languishing than sick he dyed not by any disease but only by the melting of his fat as was supposed By whose death all the common rabble were so troubled that their hopes began utterly to droop and soon after the cry of all was to leave that infectious place

dealing to turn their Friendship into a kind of Domination Nor could any Peace or Leagues be hoped for in that New World which is divided from its better part not so much by Scituation as Manners and secluded on every side by its own Ocean as if condemned by Nature to the most odious barbarism These were at that time the Discourses concerning America Surely it concerned those who were desirous of finishing the Warr that these hopes should not be settled too deep in the Opinions of the people Nor was it a hard matter to put a stop to the begun Project of the New Company by the emulation of the Cities earnestly drawing to themselves the ordering of the Ships and some interceding that the Liberty of fetching Salt out of America should not be restrained by any Law Therefore this debate being set apart no less difficulties were observed to hinder those that were desirous of making peace for although the Enemies Design might chiefly be discovered yet the Governours of the Confederate Cities from a received Opinion in the Prince of Aurange's time abhorred the very name of Peace And to men of this perswasion much appeared that would be lost if the Enemy should openly profess himself contented with a Peace whereby he could not regain the dominion he lost by Warr for that which of old was accounted a part of Prudence to break off all hope of reconciliation had no other Basis than this That onely such a Peace could be expected as would bring along with it an insulting Lord. On the other side That it pertained both to the Security and Honour of the Commonwealth if the Enemy could be drawn to a confession of their Liberty But the War yet growing hot and new Causes of Indignation daily arising either Victory made them fierce or some slaughter drew them to the desire of revenge so that minds prepossessed or byassed with affection could not considerately ponder the Reasons that induced to peace But if any Remission or Cessation should be granted of Arms there would not be wanting some favourers of peace which being otherwise acceptable in it self would agree principally with the mind of the HOLLANDERS that were earnest of Traffick and also the people that lay next the ●nemy would not easily suffer themselves having once tasted the Sweets of Peace to be carryed back to Arms. It is a very hard thing to find the beginning of so great a ●●ter in that Commonwealth wherein no Affair of any great Concern is undertaken without the Advice of the Provin● 〈◊〉 and a Relation of what is done or to be done to the several Cities which circuit that business which without doubt was involved in great Dissentions could not bear They that were in the General Assembly of the United States would not take upon them the Envy of so suddain a Muta● unless Prince Maurice who was the General of the War and famous as well by his great Merits as the Nobility of his Extract should become the great Author of Temporary Agreement But He having attained so much Honour by War that scarcely any ever attain'd the like and not despising the most effectual substance of Fame and thinking with himself that all Peace with the Spaniard was mingled with Treachery yet was perswaded by Oldenbarnevelt whose Authority underpropped by his Providence chiefly and 30 years Fidelity supported these Consultations of Peace that as would not refuse to Treat with the Enemy For the King of Brittain would sit by onely as a Spectator of so great a War and the French King by their Alliance aimed at greater Matters of which there were no obscure Demonstrations If ●e Confederate States could find a way to lye open for them 〈◊〉 Peace they that supposed it advantageous to their Affairs that the Spanish Forces should be wasted in the War of Holland might be brought to promise certain Aids without any other account Therefore Wittenhorst and Gevard having receiv'd Letters from Albertus and Isabella whereby it might appear they were intrusted they were admitted into the Assembly of the United States where they publickly repeated what they had privately before spoken highly extolling the Commodities of Peace before the uncertain Events of War But because the Legates had mention'd the Arch-Dukes Right and Claim The States thought fit to answer That it was openly known to all who had any insight in the Belgick Affairs that the Arch-Dukes could be helped by no pretence of Right against the Confederate Provinces but such as must be hoped to be gained by Conquest In truth when of old divers of the Provinces after the Confirmation of their Liberty by an inviolable Decree were united into one Body they had sought to reduce them by Arms being Members separated from that Body by the best and highest Right the Equity of whose Cause many Kings and Princes had approved by making Leagues with them Therefore they all Resolved to persist in that Opinion which they had lately declared to the Emperour That a safe pin● and just Peace could not be expected with them who under the vain pretence of Right would infringe the Authority of a must Reverend Decree The Mischiefs of War would fall on both Parts but ought to be imputed to them that would unjustly seek what belonged to others not those that valiantly defended their own Wittenhorst being dismissed with this Answer afterwards writ to the States that he had found it to be the Arch Dukes pleasure that in the making an Agreement they desired to gain nothing but that all things should remain in the same condition they were But for the more ready carrying o● of this business the Principal of the Order of Franciscans of that Country by Name Francis Naya born at Antwerp but by Kinred a Zelander was made choyse of his Father sometimes followed the Prince of Aurange Himself was of a voluble and fluent Tongue and though he was not ignorant in Court-Affairs for he had been in Spain and lived at Bruxells conversant in matters of greatest importance being of an open and free disposition like the Netherlanders that you will hardly suspect guilty of fraud and by his Profession of life armed against bashfulness neither greatly fearing a repulse or contumely This Man being sent from Bruxells came privately to Riswicke the next Village to the Hague making tryall by discreet Persons what were the main difficulties that ●ostructed the business from thence being brought to the Prince he expounded some things as he saw convenient in Wittenhorsts Letters and there understanding perfectly that there was no hopes of beginning a Treaty unless the Arch Dukes did first really own and acknowledge their Liberty returning to Bruxells soon after he brought Letters from Albertus and Isabella Signed the thirteenth of March to this effect That they were weary of the cruell War and were ready to make a perpetual Peace with the United States as free People whom they so accounted and against whom they would make no pretence of claym

other denying Obedience Yet there were some Princes who affecting the Favour of Germany named themselves Vassals of the Empire yet with such Liberty as that they were obliged to no other Duty than that of Reverence among whom William became Emperour Nor did the Bavarians being born under Emperours think of any Change But the Burgundians and after them the Austrians refused to make any Oath of Allegiance deriving their Liberty from great Antiquity as if the Emperor Frederick had released to Philip Duke of Burgundy all Right of Empire Maximilian of Austria the Son of Frederick being rather the Father and Tutor of a Prince than a Prince and making opposition against the Cities by Forein Force reckon'd Holland and other people of the Burgundian Jurisdiction within the Body of the Empire but the States very eagerly opposed the same and this among all the rest of the Causes of the begun Commotions was look'd upon as one But Charles the Fifth affecting the Empire endeavouring to expel the French as Foreiners it was objected by the very Germans themselves that the Netherlanders belonged no more to the Almain Empire than the French did being obliged neither to pay Tributes to it be subject to its Laws not o●n its Decrees and Constitutions But He the more effectually to attain the Honour he so earnestly thirsted after promised that he would bring it to passe that by a firm League the Netherlanders should unite and grow together with the Germans and soon after brought it to such perfection that what could be offered either for the priviledge of Germany or the liberty of the Netherlands being heard and understood he confessed at length that only Gelderland and Utrecht were Feodaries to the Empire yet nevertheless for the future he required that the rest of the Hollanders and Netherlanders should joyntly make one part of the German Empire not that they should receive Laws and Constitutions from thence but that he might confer unto the publick necessities as much as the two Princes Electors and also that they should be under the Protection of Germany and should have right of suffrage in their Dyets and Assemblies in all things else they should keep their liberty intire Upon the account of this League it was that the Hollanders at what time they were subject to the Spaniard implored the help of Germany against the Spanish injuries And in the Treaty of Breda the Prince of Aurange saying that Holland and Zeland belonged to the German Empire which he spoke meerly to win the favour of that Nation King Philips Embassadors with much earnestness denyed the same But being compelled to defend themselves and obtaining no help from thence from that time they withdrew themselves from bearing any share in those foreign burdens Nor was it a new thing that Leagues were in this manner dissolved since almost all Europe withdrew it self from the Constantinopolitan Emperours being by them left undefended against the Barbarians and the Cities of Italy by the same Right obtained their liberty against the Emperours But it is not convenient for us any longer to prosecute these things for the order of our intended History now recalls us to proceed in the same without further digression Therefore after the violence of Arms was somewhat moderated by Covenants yet the Souldiers did not omit for the whole Year to make Invasions where it was lawful laying hold on that last opportunity of making War For Albertus had commanded a few Horsemen to go to Lingen laden with Money for Pay These being by chance met by a stronger party of Hollanders in the Country of Bentheym were surprized and taken For when they had betaken themselves to the Town of Steenfort some of the Pursuers entred pell-mel with them wile the Townsmen shutting up the Ports kept others out Both Parties fought valiantly within the Gates Those to keep their Money These on the other side greedy to win it They that were without threatned to force the Gates unless they were set open as well for them as the Enemies Then each of them send to their Neighbour Friends in Garrisons desiring them to send Assistance Thus from the small beginning of a Skirmish was likely to ensue a sharp and great Battel But the Citizens of the Town fearing lest they should become a Prey to the Vict●● perswaded both That rather than for the onely hope of Gold th●y should run the hazard of an uncertain Event by Fight the Hollanders should take three thousand Archidutal Angels and have the Booty The Governour of Grave was taken by the Spaniard while he was passing the Maes with too much security and Warner Dubois was kill'd being Judge Advo●●te of the Army in the Country of Tiel as he was taking the Air in his Coach and with obstinacy refused to surrender himself to the increasing Enemy At this time both Parties relying upon the Covenants dismissed part of their Forein Souldiers the States doing it 〈◊〉 of Prudence the Arch-Dukes out of Necessity For Seditio●s were ready to break forth on every side if they had not redeemed themselves from new Charges by that Temporary Peace Nor had they so eschewed the Evil many of the Souldiers scattering up and down the Country to the grievous prejudice of the Husband-men and they that were planted at D●est threatned by entertaining others among them to increase their number if their Pay were any longer delayed Anon after some Money came from Spain and some was raised by the Netherlanders whereupon Pay was sent to them at Diest and at the same time Pardon and Indempnity was proclaimed to them Thus the strength of the Confederates being broken the Arch-Dukes spent that time of Rest which they had from the Enemy for the encouraging and fortifying Discipline by Examples of Severity the Author thereof being Didaco Ibarra one sent from Spain to overlook the Treasury and Militia Therefore they declare by an Edict the flagitious wickedness of that Sedition at Diest and their offences against the Publike who although they were pardoned their Crimes yet therefore they were not to be retained in Service as Souldiers without further Licence And therefore all that were Associates in that Sedition they command within one Night and Day to depart and never to return into or set foot upon any the Lands belonging to the Arch-Dukes and Spaniards threatning present justice to all that should remain in or return to the Country and proposing great Rewards to all that apprehended any of them The wiser and more moderate sort of Men esteem'd it not fit for that time to publish their Belief and Opinion to the suspitious Hollander and by so subtle an Interpretation to elude though never so deservedly their Promises to the Souldiers In this place it is not fit to defraud Posterity of that rare Example of the Hollanders Wealth and Ingepuity which effected Operations against Nature for some private Persons undertook and fortunately brought to pass the draining of the Lake Bamestren adjoyning to Parmeren