Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	body_n	matter_n	soul_n	1,472	5	5.2309	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A12121	A treatise of schemes [and] tropes very profytable for the better vnderstanding of good authors, gathered out of the best grammarians [and] oratours by Rychard Sherry Londoner. Whervnto is added a declamacion, that chyldren euen strapt fro[m] their infancie should be well and gently broughte vp in learnynge. Written fyrst in Latin by the most excellent and famous clearke, Erasmus of Roterodame.	Sherry, Richard, ca. 1506-ca. 1555.; Erasmus, Desiderius, d. 1536. De pueris statim ac liberaliter instituendis. English. aut	1550 (1550)	STC 22428; ESTC S111062	82,560	238

hym selfe an excellente and euerlastyng name and that hath shewed moste eloquently by putting out so manye noble workes that deathe ought to be despised inespeciallye seynge that now he hath not much tyme to ly●e beynge an olde man Agayn another principall proposicion shall be taken of the circūstaūces That nothynge is worse then that Cicero beyng a very good mā shulde owe his lyfe to Antonye the worst man of the world The third proposicion shal be cōiectural how that Antony craftely goeth about that the bookes beynge burned in the whych he perceiueth bothe hys owne immortal infamye to be and the immortal glory of Cicero whē he hath afterwardes taken awaye hys lyfe he maye vtterlye extinguyshe Cicero ¶ A copious heaping of probacions So when proposicions be found remaineth argumētaciō or proues called in Greke Pistis because they make suretye of a doutefull thyng Of proues some be artificiall some vnartificial Unartificial be foreiudgemētes rumoures tormentes tabelles othe wytnesses diuinacion oracles To these be referred whych the Greekes cal Symeia or sygnes For they also commonlye are not fer by the wytte of hym that disputeth but are ministred otherwyse They be called signes properlye whyche rysynge of the thynge it selfe that is in question come vnder the sences of menne as threatninges whych be of the time that is paste cryinge herde oute of a place whyche is of the tyme presente pa●enesse of hym whyche is ared of the murther whyche is of the tyme folowynge or that bloud leapte oute of the bodye latelye s●ayne when he came that dyd the murther Also of signes some bee necessary as that he liueth whiche dothe breathe and some probable as bloude in the garmente whych myghte also come oute of the nose or otherwyse Also proues and argumentes are taken oute of circūstaunces partly of the person partlye of the cause or thyng it self and be called also of the Rethoricians places neyther cleane contrarie to those that Aristotle hath taughte neyther the very same for some agree wyth them some be all one and some diuerse Onlye differeth the manour of teachynge because the Rethoricianes do teache a patrone the philosopher generally helpeth iudgement Circumstaunces of the person ben these Kinred nacion coutrey kynde age bryngynge vp or discipline hau●oure of the body fortune condicion nature of the mynde studies affectacion wordes forespoken deedes done before commocion counsell name Kynred monisheth vs to cōsider of what progeny a man dothe come For it is semely and happeneth cōmonlye that the sonnes belyke the forefathers and thereof procedeth causes to lyue well or euyll Naciō sheweth what disposicion and maners euery nacion hath peculiarly of theyr owne The difference of kynde is knowen to euerye man To diuerse ages diuerse thyngs be conueniente It skylleth more by whom and by what wayes men be brought vp then of whom they be begotten The hautoure of the bodye comprehendeth fayrnes or foulnes strength or weaknes ●or more credible is the accusacion of lecherye in a fayre body then in a foule and violence more probable in the strong then in the weake Fortune perteineth to ryches kynred friendes seruitures dignities honours Condicion comprehendeth manye thynges as whether he be noble or not noble an officer or a priuate person a father or a sonne a citizen or a straunger a fre man or a seruaunt a maried manne or a single man a father or none hauinge had but one wyfe or two The nature of the mynde hath manifold varieties in men Some be fearful some strong some gentle some vehemēt chaste lecherous glorious modes●e c. Studies for other be the maners of the rustical then of the lawyer of the marchaunte then of the Soldier of the shipman then of the phisicion To these they adde affectacion For it skylleth muche what maner man euerye one wolde seme to be whether he be y e same or not as ryche or eloquent iuste or mightie mery or sad a fauorer of the people or of the great men Both wordes that be spoken before time and dedes that be done be also considered For of thynges that be paste the present be estemed also thinges that be to come Cōmocion in thys differe●h from the nature of the mynde because that one is perpetuall that o●her for a whyle as anger is commocion rancour the nature of the mynde and feare a cōmocion fearefulnesse nature To these they adde the name of the person of whence many tymes an argument is takē as Cicero resteth muche vpon Uerres or sweepers name because beyng a strong thief he swepte altogether Thus haue we shewed that much matter may be taken of thynges belongyng to a personne so maye be also of those that belonge to a thynge or cause whiche places bee so handeled of Quintil●ane that he myngleth thē wyth the places whyche Aristotle hathe comprehended in hys ●yghte bookes of Topyckes Circumstances of the thynges be these Cause place tyme chau●ce facultie instrumente manour And fyrste of euerye thinge there be foure causes efficient materiall formall and finall Matter is the receptacle of al formes The forme causeth it to be thys and not another thynge as the reasonable soule geueth to the body that it is a man and the soule because it is a substaunce hathe her vnnamed forme whereby she is a soule and not an aungel And what soeuer is made is made to a certen ende and one thynge maye haue diuerse endes as nature hathe geuen brestes vnto women to geue milke and also for comlynesse of theyr bodies neyther doth any man that is of a sounde mynde take vpon hym anye businesse but for that he desyreth to haue s●me thynge nor there is nothynge desyred but vnder the consideracion of good or profite So the ende whyche is laste in effecte and fyrste in intencion loketh vpon the gettinge of profites increase and cōfirmacion of them and also vpon them eschuynge of disprofites diminyshynge or puttyng them awaye But in chosyng them false perswacion deceyueth manye whylest by errour they beleue that to be good y t is naughte This place therfore serueth for many thynges to make more or lesse Greatly happy shulde men be if euerye man wolde looke vpon the marke not the whych desyre hathe sette before hym but whyche God and honest reason hath prefixed And of suche strengthe is the ende that hereof is taken the felicitie of euery thyng To fast that the body maye obeye the mynde to do good workes is an holy deede To fast to be counted holye is hypocrisie To faste to encrease thy good is couetousenesse To faste to be whole in thy bodie is phisycke and so of praiynge almose and other laudable workes After lyke maner must be wayed the secondarie endes An other circumstaunce of a thynge is the place whose qualitie oftentimes maketh the faute either greter or lesser as to steale an

holye thing out of an holy place is worse then some other kynde of theft No lesse matter of argumentacion ministreth the qualitie of time which signifieth two thynges Fyrst it is taken playnly for the time present past or to come Seconde it signifieth oportunitie to do a thynge and so when a man cometh as we wold haue it we saye he cometh in time And in the seuenth of Ihon when Christ sayth My tyme is not yet come tyme is taken for oportunitie of tyme. And lykewyse in the syxt to the Galat. Therfore whyle we haue tyme. c. The Rethoricianes put chaunce vnder tyme because the ende of a thynge perteyneth to the time that foloweth but of thys wyll we speke in the place called Euent Facultie is a power to do the thynge that is taken in hand and in coniectures two thinges speciallye be considered whether he could or wold Wyll is gathered of hope to performe it and is made more probable whē the nature of the mynde is ioyned to it as it is not like he wyl abide in his glorye because he is enuious and ambicious Also when we counsell one to leaue of vayne mournynge when it is not in his power to get agayne that is gone Instrument semeth to be a part of facultie for instrumentes sometyme are cause of oure hablenes to do a thinge and it is a more mischeuous deede to kyl with venome thē with swearde And to instrumēt so●e is the manour of doyng that almoste it is all one But more properlye perteyne to the manour or fashion those thynges that be eyther excused or made greater by wyl As lesse faute is it to fall into a vice by ignorance or frailtie then of a purpose and full deliberacion The vse of circūstances profiteth to amplifie to extenuate to euidence to confirmacion and probabilitie And hytherto be referred also the common places that indifferentlye apperteyne to all kyndes and partes of causes of the whyche Rodulphe entreateth and Aristotle in hys Topyckes But before we speake of them it is to be noted that thys woorde place is taken foure maner of wayes They are called common places because thei be entreated of of bothe partes althoughe not in all one cause as he that is sore spoken agaynste by witnesses swadeth that we shulde not geue credite to witnesses Contrarye he that is hol●en by them speaketh in defence of wytnesses and so of other that we spake of before when we entreated of vnartificial argumentes Lyke to thys sorte be sentences whyche wee e●aggerate as it were wythoute the cause but so that they serue to the cause whiche wee haue in hande as bee the amplificacions of vertues and the exaggeracions of vices As when wee accuse anye manne that by euyll companions he was broughte to do also the mischeuouse deede A common place shall bee wyth wordes to exaggerate howe much it profiteth to keepe goodnesse to bee in companye wyth good men and contrarye howe greate myschyefe the companye of euyll men dothe cause In the third sence places be called seates of argumentes whyche the Rethoricianes do applie to ech● kyndes of causes As in the kynde suasorie honest profitable pleasaūt easye necessarie c. In demonstratiue kynde kynred contrey goodes of the bodye and of the mynde In the Iudiciall kynde inespecial deniall those that we spake of euen nowe The fourth places be general whych declare what belongeth to euerye thynge and howe oute of eche of them there be taken argumentes partly necessary and partlye probable These be commen to the Oratours with the Logicians albeit Aristotle hathe seperatelye written of them in hys Topickes and in his Rethorickes hathe not touched thē and they profite much both to iudgement and to endightynge but the varietie of authors hath made the handlynge of them sumwhat darke because amonge them selues they can not wel agre neyther of the names neyther of the number neyther of the order An example is a rehearsall of a thynge that is done and an applyynge of it vnto our cause eyther for similitude or dissimilitude profitable to perswade garnyshe and delyght Examples some be taken out of hystories some of tales some of fayned argumētes in comedies and bothe sortes be dilated by parable and comparacion Comparacion sheweth it equall lesse or bygger Parable is a feete similitude whych sheweth y e example that is brought ether like vnlyke or cōtrarye Lyke as Camillus restored the common wealth of the Romaines that was oppressed by the Frenchmen and when it was brought into extreme losse by theyr valiauntnesse expelled the Barbariens So Ualla whan thorowe the ignorāce of y e Barbarians learnyng was destroyed restored it agayn as it wer from death into hys former brightnes Unlike As not lyke thanke is done to Laurence and Camillus because that the one moued by vertue wyth the ieopardie of hys lyfe deliuered his contrey from the vngracious that other styrred vp by desyre of fame or rather wyth an euyll luste to checke manye no● restored agayn the lattēt●ng oppressed but brought it as it were into certen rules Cōtrary Brutus kylled hys chyldren goyng about treason Manlius punished by death the valiauntnes of hys sonne Comparacion sheweth y e thing y t is brought eyther equall lesse or bigger Lesse as our elders haue warred oftentymes because theyr marchaūtes and mariners wer euyl entreated What mynd ought you to be in so many thousande citizens of Rome slaine at one message and one time Equall as in the same Cicero For it happed vnto me to stand for an offyce wyth two gentlemenne that one very naughte that other very gentle yet ouercame I Catiline by dignitie and Galba by fauoure Bygger As for Milo they saye he shulde not lyue that confesseth he hathe kylled a man when M. Horacius was quitte whyche kylled hys owne syster Parable which some call similitude some cōparacion is a comparyng of a thyng y t hath no life or no bodye to our cause and purpose for some thyng that is lyke or vnlyke And as example is taken of y e dede of a man and the person of an hystorye or that is fabulous and fayned so is comparison taken of thinges that be done or that be ioyned to them by nature or by chaunce As Attilius retournyng agayne to hys enemies is an example of kepynge faythe and promise But a shyp in the whych the sayles be ●oysed vp or takē down after the blowyng of the winde is a parable whiche reacheth a wyse man to geue place to tyme and applye hymselfe to the world that is presente And lyke fashion is of dila●yng a parable as we haue shewed in example For sometime it is noted in a word as Doest thou not vnderstand that the sayles muste be turned Sometyme it is more largelye declared as in the oracion for Mu●ena And if vnto menne that sayle out of the hauen c. Analogia Icon called of the latines Imago an Image in Englyshe is