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law_n give_v by_o moses_n 559._o against_o the_o make_n any_o image_n of_o god_n in_o the_o place_n before_o mention_v and_o which_o he_o there_o assert_n to_o be_v still_o obligatory_a to_o christian_n but_o although_o he_o there_o repeat_v the_o command_n at_o large_a against_o all_o sort_n of_o image_n yet_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o when_o he_o go_v about_o to_o set_v down_o all_o the_o commandment_n this_o by_o some_o artificial_a hand_n be_v convey_v out_o of_o the_o way_n and_o the_o second_o commandment_n be_v 682._o thou_o shall_v not_o take_v the_o name_n of_o the_o lord_n etc._n etc._n which_o make_v i_o not_o a_o little_a wonder_n find_v clemens_n so_o often_o in_o other_o place_n express_v his_o zeal_n against_o image_n but_o it_o be_v not_o hard_a to_o guess_v what_o hand_n his_o greek_a copy_n have_v pass_v through_o since_o the_o second_o nicene_n council_n yet_o we_o be_v behold_v to_o they_o for_o leave_v so_o much_o evidence_n of_o their_o foul_a deal_n behind_o 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deus_fw-la in_o lapidibus_fw-la coli_fw-la god_n have_v declare_v he_o will_v not_o be_v worship_v after_o such_o a_o manner_n whereby_o we_o see_v the_o primitive_a christian_n fix_v themselves_o on_o the_o command_n of_o god_n as_o upon_o a_o immovable_a rock_n against_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n thus_o much_o may_v suffice_v to_o have_v show_v in_o this_o place_n that_o the_o controversy_n between_o the_o christian_n and_o heathen_n about_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n be_v not_o whether_o they_o be_v proper_a likeness_n of_o god_n from_o the_o apprehension_n they_o have_v of_o their_o image_n i_o proceed_v now_o to_o show_v it_o 2._o from_o the_o notion_n they_o have_v of_o their_o go_n and_o here_o i_o must_v in_o the_o first_o place_n 11._o exclude_v those_o who_o in_o truth_n be_v atheist_n and_o not_o idolater_n i_o mean_v the_o epicurean_a philosopher_n who_o although_o they_o seem_v to_o assert_v some_o pleasant_a being_n that_o live_v in_o perfect_a ease_n far_o from_o 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in_o token_n of_o adoration_n he_o can_v not_o but_o laugh_v through_o his_o finger_n at_o the_o god_n they_o worship_v but_o we_o may_v see_v by_o the_o discourse_n of_o the_o academic_a and_o stoic_a with_o the_o epicurean_a in_o cicero_n how_o much_o they_o abhor_v this_o epicurean_a doctrine_n of_o the_o god_n be_v like_a to_o man_n and_o velleius_n the_o epicurean_a do_v in_o effect_n confess_v there_o be_v no_o philosopher_n of_o that_o mind_n beside_o themselves_o for_o he_o reckon_v up_o all_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o other_o philosopher_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o god_n after_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o to_o discover_v that_o this_o opinion_n be_v peculiar_a to_o their_o own_o sect._n he_o acknowledge_v that_o thales_n assert_v god_n to_o be_v a_o eternal_a mind_n which_o frame_v all_o thing_n out_o of_o water_n 25._o even_o anaximander_n and_o anaximenes_n who_o hold_v only_o material_a god_n or_o first_o principle_n for_o even_o the_o atheist_n be_v willing_a to_o 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verse_n cite_v out_o of_o he_o by_o the_o father_n 5._o he_o say_v that_o god_n be_v like_a to_o man_n neither_o in_o body_n nor_o in_o mind_n and_o for_o man_n to_o make_v a_o image_n of_o god_n like_v to_o themselves_o be_v all_o one_o as_o if_o a_o horse_n shall_v paint_v he_o with_o a_o long_a tail_n and_o four_o foot_n if_o he_o have_v understanding_n enough_o to_o make_v a_o representation_n of_o the_o deity_n or_o a_o ox_n or_o a_o lion_n shall_v draw_v he_o by_o their_o own_o figure_n parmenides_n make_v god_n to_o be_v of_o a_o circular_a figure_n in_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o crown_n or_o orb_n of_o light_n compass_v about_o the_o heaven_n whatever_o the_o opinion_n of_o alcmaeon_n empedocles_n protagoras_n diogenes_n apolloniates_n be_v it_o be_v certain_a the_o epicurean_a despise_v they_o all_o because_o they_o either_o appear_v too_o doubtful_a and_o obscure_a in_o
their_o opinion_n about_o a_o deity_n or_o at_o least_o seem_v to_o make_v he_o of_o a_o inconvenient_a form_n to_o deceive_v the_o people_n even_o democritus_n himself_o do_v not_o please_v he_o for_o although_o he_o make_v his_o image_n to_o be_v god_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o by_o they_o understand_v such_o as_o t._n g._n do_v but_o he_o mean_v no_o other_o than_o his_o atom_n which_o laertius_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o that_o first_o matter_n whence_o they_o arise_v but_o say_v velleius_n while_o he_o destroy_v a_o eternal_a be_v democritus_n must_v needs_o overthrow_v the_o very_a opinion_n of_o a_o deity_n however_o he_o will_v give_v the_o title_n of_o it_o to_o his_o image_n or_o matter_n or_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n he_o grant_v that_o according_a to_o plato_n god_n be_v a_o incorporeal_a mind_n but_o then_o he_o say_v he_o must_v want_v sense_n and_o prudence_n and_o pleasure_n i._n e._n epicurean_a pleasure_n but_o withal_o he_o add_v that_o plato_n contradict_v himself_o make_v the_o world_n and_o the_o heaven_n and_o star_n and_o man_n to_o be_v god_n which_o be_v both_o false_a in_o themselves_o and_o inconsistent_a with_o each_o other_o this_o charge_n against_o plato_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o most_o material_a and_o therefore_o deserve_v to_o be_v more_o full_o clear_v which_o shall_v be_v afterward_o do_v when_o i_o come_v to_o the_o platonic_a doctrine_n about_o divine_a worship_n where_o it_o will_v be_v make_v appear_v that_o plato_n do_v assert_v one_o supreme_a and_o incorporeal_a deity_n and_o that_o the_o worship_n allow_v by_o he_o to_o inferior_a god_n be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o that_o which_o be_v practise_v in_o the_o roman_a church_n and_o that_o he_o no_o more_o believe_v image_n to_o be_v like_o the_o true_a god_n than_o they_o do_v i_o now_o proceed_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o philosopher_n opinion_n in_o this_o matter_n xenophon_n be_v charge_v by_o the_o epicurean_a to_o be_v guilty_a of_o the_o same_o fault_n with_o plato_n and_o that_o in_o the_o memoires_n of_o socrates_n write_v by_o he_o he_o say_v that_o man_n ought_v not_o to_o inquire_v after_o the_o form_n of_o god_n and_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o we_o to_o know_v it_o for_o we_o only_o know_v say_v he_o 4._o that_o he_o be_v great_a and_o powerful_a who_o make_v all_o thing_n to_o quake_v and_o tremble_v antisthenes_n acknowledge_v but_o one_o god_n in_o nature_n although_o there_o be_v many_o of_o the_o people_n make_v by_o which_o say_v velleius_n he_o destroy_v the_o force_n and_o nature_n of_o the_o god_n and_o upon_o the_o epicurean_a supposition_n that_o they_o be_v like_a to_o man_n he_o think_v it_o necessary_a for_o their_o pleasure_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v more_o than_o one_o to_o keep_v up_o good_a fellowship_n among_o they_o and_o because_o speusippus_n say_v that_o the_o divine_a nature_n do_v imply_v a_o govern_n spirit_n he_o think_v this_o as_o bad_a as_o the_o deny_v his_o be_v it_o be_v to_o his_o apprehension_n impossible_a to_o be_v happy_a and_o to_o govern._n he_o grant_v that_o aristotle_n affirm_v god_n to_o be_v a_o incorporeal_a be_v however_o he_o say_v that_o he_o be_v not_o constant_a to_o himself_o sometime_o make_v nothing_o to_o be_v god_n but_o only_a mind_n at_o other_o time_n attribute_v divinity_n to_o the_o heaven_n and_o part_n of_o the_o world_n but_o as_o the_o late_a commentator_n on_o that_o part_n of_o tully_n observe_v 55._o the_o former_a be_v only_o the_o first_o eternal_a infinite_a god_n the_o other_o a_o secondary_a limit_v and_o participative_a divinity_n and_o rather_o a_o image_n of_o the_o divinity_n than_o itself_o as_o he_o prove_v from_o compare_v several_a place_n in_o aristotle_n together_o etc._n and_o conclude_v with_o that_o excellent_a description_n of_o god_n draw_v out_o of_o aristotle_n by_o du_n vall_n god_n be_v a_o eternal_a substance_n and_o act_n without_o potentiality_n and_o matter_n without_o magnitude_n part_n division_n 7._o passion_n change_n intelligible_a by_o himself_o the_o principle_n of_o motion_n but_o immovable_a the_o cause_n of_o heaven_n and_o nature_n and_o infinite_o happy_a mirare_fw-la lector_fw-la say_v du_n val_n hominis_fw-la ethnici_fw-la theologiam_fw-la see_v how_o far_o aristotle_n be_v from_o think_v the_o athenian_a image_n to_o be_v proper_a likeness_n of_o the_o deity_n if_o to_o these_o now_o we_o add_v the_o stoic_n who_o assert_v god_n to_o be_v a_o divine_a reason_n and_o spirit_n actuate_a the_o world_n we_o have_v a_o full_a discovery_n that_o by_o the_o confession_n of_o those_o who_o be_v of_o another_o opinion_n all_o the_o famous_a sect_n of_o philosopher_n agree_v in_o reject_v that_o principle_n that_o the_o god_n be_v of_o humane_a shape_n and_o consequent_o the_o idolatry_n they_o be_v guilty_a of_o in_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n can_v not_o lie_v in_o this_o that_o they_o think_v their_o image_n to_o be_v proper_a likeness_n of_o god_n of_o the_o same_o mind_n with_o these_o be_v the_o free_a philosopher_n of_o follow_a age_n among_o who_o cicero_n deserve_v a_o name_n 1._o be_v it_o only_o for_o that_o excellent_a description_n of_o god_n which_o lactantius_n and_o s._n augustin_n quote_v out_o of_o he_o 20._o with_o great_a approbation_n neither_o can_v god_n himself_o be_v otherwise_o understand_v by_o we_o than_o as_o a_o mind_n free_a and_o disentangle_v from_o all_o corporeal_a mixture_n perceive_v and_o move_v all_o thing_n the_o same_o thing_n may_v be_v prove_v of_o seneca_n epictetus_n plutarch_n alcinous_n plotinus_n proclus_n sallustius_n and_o other_o but_o i_o purposely_o forbear_v both_o because_o these_o be_v sufficient_a for_o my_o purpose_n and_o because_o it_o may_v be_v say_v by_o those_o who_o have_v nothing_o else_o to_o say_v in_o this_o matter_n that_o they_o come_v to_o have_v true_a apprehension_n of_o god_n only_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n nay_o i_o may_v prove_v that_o many_o of_o the_o very_a poet_n themselves_o have_v much_o noble_a conception_n of_o the_o deity_n than_o to_o imagine_v he_o to_o have_v any_o thing_n corporeal_a but_o i_o shall_v only_o mention_v these_o verse_n out_o of_o the_o ancient_a tragedian_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d think_v not_o that_o god_n be_v like_a to_o mortal_a flesh_n from_o whence_o we_o see_v that_o if_o there_o be_v any_o so_o foolish_a among_o the_o athenian_n to_o imagine_v their_o god_n to_o be_v just_a like_o their_o image_n they_o do_v it_o not_o for_o want_v of_o instruction_n to_o the_o contrary_a and_o if_o the_o nature_n of_o their_o idolatry_n do_v lie_v in_o this_o scarce_o any_o understand_a man_n among_o the_o heathen_n that_o do_v real_o believe_v a_o deity_n be_v guilty_a of_o it_o 2._o but_o if_o they_o do_v not_o suppose_v their_o image_n to_o be_v the_o proper_a likeness_n of_o god_n 12._o yet_o they_o worship_v the_o image_n of_o false_a god_n or_o they_o worship_v their_o image_n themselves_o for_o god_n and_o therefore_o say_v t._n g._n the_o apostle_n condemn_v they_o 99_o rom._n 1._o to_o make_v my_o discourse_n come_v home_o to_o they_o i_o must_v show_v say_v he_o that_o the_o image_n by_o which_o they_o honour_v christ_n and_o his_o saint_n be_v worship_v by_o they_o as_o god_n or_o as_o the_o image_n of_o false_a god_n as_o those_o be_v of_o which_o the_o apostle_n speak_v in_o that_o place_n that_o be_v it_o i_o aim_v at_o to_o bring_v my_o discourse_n as_o home_n to_o they_o as_o may_v be_v and_o therefore_o to_o give_v he_o full_a satisfaction_n i_o shall_v inquire_v whether_o the_o heathen_a idolatry_n condemn_v by_o s._n paul_n do_v consist_v in_o one_o of_o these_o two_o thing_n either_o 1._o that_o they_o worship_v only_o the_o image_n of_o false_a go_n or_o 2._o that_o they_o take_v the_o image_n themselves_o for_o go_n 1._o whether_o their_o idolatry_n lie_v in_o worship_v the_o image_n of_o false_a god_n if_o i_o can_v prove_v 1._o that_o they_o do_v intend_v to_o worship_v the_o true_a god_n either_o by_o a_o image_n purposely_o for_o he_o or_o to_o direct_v the_o worship_n through_o the_o god_n and_o image_n they_o worship_v to_o he_o and_o 2._o that_o there_o be_v no_o great_a repugnancy_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o worship_n than_o be_v use_v in_o the_o roman_a church_n i_o hope_v i_o shall_v bring_v my_o discourse_n home_o enough_o to_o t._n g._n to_o do_v this_o more_o convince_o i_o shall_v give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o principle_n of_o divine_a worship_n among_o the_o heathen_n from_o their_o own_o writer_n which_o i_o suppose_v will_v be_v another_o way_n of_o bring_v it_o home_o to_o they_o and_o because_o t._n g._n particular_o charge_v socrates_n and_o plato_n i_o shall_v make_v choice_n of_o the_o platonic_a principle_n
compare_v to_o good_a hezekiah_n and_o so_o very_o learned_o he_o fall_v to_o the_o commend_v the_o brazen_a serpent_n and_o inveigh_v against_o that_o insolent_a king_n that_o break_v it_o in_o piece_n be_v not_o this_o a_o hopeful_a piece_n of_o infallibility_n after_o this_o our_o learned_a historian_n say_v 55._o the_o pope_n declare_v he_o not_o only_o a_o heretic_n but_o a_o heresiarch_n for_o what_o i_o beseech_v he_o for_o be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n as_o to_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n that_o his_o predecessor_n gregory_n have_v be_v of_o but_o see_v how_o the_o case_n be_v alter_v in_o a_o hundred_o year_n in_o my_o mind_n the_o emperor_n leo_n ask_v a_o very_a pertinent_a question_n of_o the_o pope_n how_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o the_o six_o general_a council_n never_o say_v a_o word_n of_o image_n if_o they_o be_v such_o necessary_a thing_n and_o the_o pope_n make_v as_o impertinent_a a_o answer_n and_o why_o say_v the_o pope_n do_v they_o say_v nothing_o of_o eat_v and_o drink_v 2._o it_o seem_v image_n in_o his_o opinion_n be_v as_o necessary_a to_o religion_n as_o meat_n and_o drink_n to_o our_o body_n for_o he_o say_v the_o father_n carry_v their_o image_n to_o council_n with_o they_o and_o travel_v with_o they_o and_o i_o suppose_v sleep_v with_o they_o too_o as_o child_n do_v with_o their_o baby_n 5._o the_o artifices_fw-la and_o method_n ought_v to_o be_v observe_v whereby_o such_o a_o cause_n as_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n 6._o be_v advance_v and_o defend_v for_o be_v destitute_a of_o any_o colour_n from_o scripture_n reason_n or_o antiquity_n there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o make_v use_n of_o other_o mean_n to_o supply_v the_o want_n of_o these_o such_o as_o 1._o represent_v their_o adversary_n to_o the_o great_a disadvantage_n which_o be_v do_v to_o purpose_n in_o the_o five_o action_n of_o the_o second_o nicene_n council_n labb_n the_o demolish_n of_o image_n be_v condemn_v in_o serenus_n by_o gregory_n as_o a_o act_n only_o of_o intemperate_a zeal_n and_o indiscretion_n but_o now_o it_o be_v become_v heresy_n worse_o than_o heresy_n judaism_n samaritanism_n manichaism_n nay_o worse_o than_o all_o these_o this_o tarasius_n offer_v to_o prove_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o that_o action_n from_o s._n cyril_n he_o compare_v they_o with_o nabuchadnezzar_n who_o destroy_v the_o cherubin_n from_o simeon_n stylites_n to_o the_o samaritan_n and_o john_n the_o pretend_a vicar_n of_o the_o oriental_a bishop_n say_v the_o samaritan_n be_v worse_o than_o other_o heretic_n therefore_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v call_v samaritan_n and_o constantinus_n bishop_n of_o constantia_n in_o cyprus_n say_v they_o be_v worse_o than_o samaritan_n 349._o afterward_o the_o same_o john_n say_v see_v how_o clear_o we_o have_v demonstrate_v that_o the_o accuser_n of_o christian_n in_o this_o matter_n of_o image_n be_v partaker_n with_o nebuchadonosor_n and_o samaritan_n 383._o and_o jew_n and_o gentile_n and_o manichee_n and_o those_o who_o deny_v that_o christ_n be_v come_v in_o the_o flesh._n why_o what_o be_v the_o matter_n what_o article_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n have_v they_o deny_v what_o have_v they_o renounce_v christianity_n and_o be_v circumcise_v no_o but_o worse_a be_v christian_n they_o call_v the_o worship_n of_o image_n idolatry_n o_o dangerous_a heresy_n and_o horrible_a blasphemy_n but_o it_o may_v be_v worth_a our_o while_n to_o consider_v a_o little_a the_o account_n which_o tarasius_n desire_v john_n to_o give_v the_o council_n of_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o most_o detestable_a heresy_n 386._o viz._n that_o after_o the_o death_n of_o solyman_n caliph_n of_o the_o arab_n homar_n succeed_v he_o after_o who_o follow_v ezid_v or_o jezid_v a_o vain_a man_n in_o his_o time_n there_o be_v at_o tiberias_n one_o sarantapechys_n a_o leader_n of_o the_o jew_n and_o a_o magician_n who_o promise_v long_a life_n to_o the_o chaliph_n on_o condition_n he_o will_v do_v what_o he_o will_v have_v he_o which_o he_o present_o undertake_v with_o great_a promise_n of_o reward_n to_o he_o then_o the_o jew_n require_v a_o edict_n for_o the_o demolish_n and_o deface_v all_o the_o image_n in_o the_o christian_a church_n which_o be_v according_o execute_v by_o the_o jew_n and_o arab_n the_o news_n of_o which_o excite_v the_o bishop_n of_o nacolia_fw-la and_o those_o about_o he_o to_o do_v the_o same_o thing_n but_o jezid_v live_v not_o above_o two_o year_n and_o a_o half_a after_o and_o his_o son_n ulid_v destroy_v this_o jew_n and_o the_o image_n be_v again_o restore_v this_o be_v the_o story_n tell_v and_o approve_v in_o the_o council_n but_o zonaras_n say_v 84._o they_o be_v two_o jew_n who_o persuade_v jezid_v to_o publish_v his_o edict_n against_o image_n and_o that_o he_o die_v within_o the_o year_n and_o that_o his_o son_n seek_v to_o punish_v they_o they_o be_v flee_v into_o isauria_n where_o they_o meet_v with_o leo_n then_o a_o young_a man_n to_o who_o they_o foretell_v the_o empire_n and_o make_v he_o promise_v they_o that_o when_o he_o come_v to_o be_v he_o will_v do_v one_o thing_n for_o they_o which_o one_o thing_n prove_v to_o be_v the_o destruction_n of_o image_n and_o they_o challenge_v their_o promise_n when_o he_o be_v now_o emperor_n give_v the_o occasion_n to_o the_o terrible_a persecution_n of_o image_n cedrenus_n say_v 450._o that_o a_o few_o year_n before_o the_o reign_n of_o leo_n some_o jew_n of_o laodicea_n in_o phoenicia_n go_v to_o jezid_v and_o obtain_v the_o edict_n against_o image_n and_o then_o he_o tell_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o story_n as_o zonaras_n do_v theophanes_n say_v 336._o it_o be_v but_o one_o jew_n of_o laodicea_n and_o that_o jezid_v die_v before_o the_o edict_n be_v publish_v in_o all_o part_n of_o his_o dominion_n and_o say_v this_o be_v in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o leo._n constantinus_n manasses_n and_o michael_n glycas_n only_o mention_v the_o jew_n foretell_v the_o empire_n to_o he_o 281._o and_o put_v he_o upon_o the_o destruction_n of_o image_n without_o the_o other_o circumstance_n let_v the_o reader_n now_o judge_v whether_o this_o be_v not_o a_o probable_a story_n and_o purposely_o invent_v to_o cast_v the_o odium_fw-la of_o reject_v the_o worship_n of_o image_n on_o the_o jew_n and_o saracen_n as_o though_o it_o can_v never_o have_v come_v from_o any_o christian._n it_o be_v one_o jew_n say_v the_o vicar_n of_o the_o oriental_a bishop_n they_o be_v two_o jew_n or_o more_o say_v the_o greek_a historian_n it_o be_v a_o jew_n of_o tiberias_n say_v john_n no_o say_v cedrenus_n they_o be_v two_o jew_n of_o laodicea_n but_o one_o say_v theophanes_n these_o jew_n meet_v with_o leo_n when_o he_o be_v a_o young_a man_n and_o foretell_v the_o empire_n to_o he_o say_v zonaras_n manasses_n and_o glycas_n but_o a_o few_o year_n before_o the_o reign_n of_o leo_n say_v cedrenus_n nay_o say_v theophanes_n it_o be_v in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o leo_n in_o the_o eight_o say_v baronius_n 21._o for_o jozid_n do_v not_o reign_v before_o be_v there_o ever_o a_o more_o consistent_a story_n than_o this_o but_o the_o author_n of_o the_o late_a history_n of_o the_o iconoclast_n 33._o think_v he_o have_v find_v out_o a_o salvo_fw-la for_o these_o contradiction_n for_o he_o make_v two_o several_a edict_n under_o two_o jezid_n that_o be_v chaliphs_n the_o former_a of_o the_o two_o jew_n about_o a._n d._n 686._o who_o be_v the_o man_n that_o foretell_v the_o empire_n to_o leo_n and_o the_o other_o of_o sarantapechys_n to_o jezid_v the_o second_o in_o the_o time_n of_o leo_n this_o he_o have_v borrow_v from_o the_o french_a author_n as_o he_o have_v do_v all_o his_o quotation_n and_o i_o much_o question_n by_o his_o manner_n of_o cite_v they_o whether_o he_o ever_o see_v the_o book_n he_o quote_v in_o his_o life_n but_o this_o be_v say_v without_o the_o least_o shadow_n of_o proof_n for_o no_o one_o of_o all_o the_o historian_n ever_o mention_v two_o edict_n of_o the_o several_a jezid_n but_o 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