by Nature he is giuen to bee sadde must néedes through these like greatly erre and bée deceiued in iudgement Héere also note that there are two manner of passions as the one naturall and the other accidentall The accidentall are those which consist of the spirit and for the same that they consist of the spirit no alteration in body is caused as of the Art Science and these by notes in the bodye are not indicated But the natural which for that they coÌ„sist in vs as afore taught for that cause doth some â—â—lâ—â—â—acion appeare in the bodie as yre feare and such like of which héereafter in this worke shall be intreated To be briefe this Phisiognomy is a knowledge which leadeth a man to the vnderstanding and knowing both of the naturall motions and conditions of the spirite and the good or euill fortune by the outwarde notes and lines of the face and bodie Yea by the pases many times is the heart bewrayed and the voyce as Aristotle reporteth are notes and vtterers of the inner thoughtes all which vnder the Phisiognomicall Science are contained Lucius Scylla and Cesare Dictatoure by the helpe of this Science found out and iudged the wilye craftes and deceites of their aduersaries many times that secretly couerd their malicious minds by their faire shewes The most singular and prudent Plato in his Phisiognomie vttereth these words That the man which hath members like to any beast insueth his nature as he which hath an Aquiline or hauked nose vseth and exerciseth Aquiline conditions as magnanimity cruelnesse and greedy catching The common sort of this day without any reason and learning do pronounce and iudge certaine matters verie strange of men as when he saith of any fowl look this person pleaseth me nothing They also say God defend and kéepe mee from the fellowship of that person marked as are the bunch backed and goggle eyed persons By which euidently appeareth that the bodily notes of Phisiognomating by the naturall conditions of men do procure cause a great probablenesse although no necessitie To conclude all the workings and passions of the spirit appear to be matched and ioyned with the bodie which especially appeareth in the passions of the concupiscible or desirefull spirite as are yre méeknesse feare pittifulnesse mercie such like which are not caused without the locall motion of the heart dilating and drawing together Of this the bodies of diuers men are diuersly disposed according to the diuers dispositions of spirits in that mens spirits throgh diuers members are diuersly disposed in their passions To end the conditions and naturall affections that consist in the sensitiue part is reported of the Phylosopher Aristotle to be the sense giuer being common both to men and beasts ¶ The knowne signes and notes both of the healthfull and sicke bodies after the condition of the foure qualities First the signes and notes of a hot quality The ii Chapter THose bodies naturally hote doe most spéedilie encrease and wax â—at as the like in yong children doth well appeare But after yeares such wax dry their vaines apparant in the places and beating fast Also their breath strong theyr voyce lowd mighty and great of strength lusty strong to coeate and much or very often desiring therto Such also do féed well brooke digest their meats Further they haue much haire on their head and in other places the like where as naturally the same should grow that thicke bristled specially on the breast The cause of which procéedeth thorough the much heat of the heart as the like may appeare after the minde of auncient men both in the Lyon and Cocke The signes of those bodies of a cold complexion or quality The iii. Chapter THose bodies naturally cold doe increase slowe and come to a fatnesse their Ueynes appeare bigge and apparant but their Pulses beate slowe Also their Beeath lowe in the hearing hauing a small voice and weake to coâ—eate so that seldome desiring thereto of the which such beget few children They also bée great sléepers and sléeping often yet eating verie little weakely digesting and bearing their meate euill Further such be white of skinne with some rednesse mixed and in the féeling appeare cold with the haires thin and slow in the growing whether the same be blacke or white Also dull of wit fearing or trembling of a light cause and weake to labour The signes of those bodies of a moyst quality The iiii Chapter THose bodies naturally moyst bee tender and soft of Flesh Corpulent with their Joyntes and bones hidde and weake of strength that they cannot long or but a while endure to labour so that the wearinesse of labour is soone espyed séene in them Also such feare and tremble in a maner for euery cause coueting to sléep much and delighting to coeate often hauing besides thin haires on the head and but a little quantity The eyes often watery and running yet in wit forwarde and apt to learne The signes of those bodies of a drie qualitie The v. Chapter THose bodies Naturally drie be well discerned rough in the feeling leane in flesh yet strong and may well endure to labor féeding well their ioynts also in the places very apparant Besides such haue much haire on the head and in the other places and that rough and curled The signes of temperate and healthfull bodies The vi Chapter THose bodies temperate and healthfull do féedâ— and drinke sufficiently according to the congruency of nature and digest the like To the thinges néedfull be sauoury to them and do hunger also in due houres ioying besides with such as be merrie and sléeping their full sléepes Further thinking themselues both light of bodie to goe light on the ground and sweating lightly yet seldome snéezing and waxe meanely Fatte but coloured and redde in the face and in the feeling hot Besides in them the fiue senses haue congruent force according to the agreement of the Age Bodie and Houre The signes of distemperate and vnhealthful bodies The vii Chapter THose bodies distemperate and vnhealthfull be in all points vnlike to the bodies temperat and healthfull so that such do euilly eate and that very little and force not to drink Also they do euilly digest and brooke their meate and to them things bee vnsauoury whereof they hunger 〈◊〉 in due houres and giue not themselues to bee throughly chearefull and merry neyther reioycing in them which laugh and bee merrie but rather alwayes sad and the like continuing Further such make their sléepes vnquietly suppose themselues heauie and to go heauily on the ground and seldome or in a manner sweate any thing at al also gape or snéese often and stretch their armes out and abroad So that such be either pale or ouer high coloured in the face and in them also are the fiue senses weake and such as cannot long endure to labour yea they soon forget matters spitting much and often and much filth séene commonly in their
fearefull personâ— and compared to the Goate and Shéepe The eyes not very blacke to a yellownes tending like vnto the Lyons doth declare an honest and Friendly person compared to the Lyon and Eagle And a meannesse of colour with an abatement doth signify shamefastnes and honesty And whose inner parts of the lips shall not bee with a certain rednesse coloured is then of the phisitians iudged sickly When the Aeynes both of the temples and behinde the necke do appeare to wax red otherwise to swel out and that the eyes séeme prominent and bloudy do argue an yrefulnes so vehement that they incurre vnto a madnesse and referred to the passion When the countenance appeareth all Redde doth then either declare a shamefastnes or else to be a Wine bibbler and this rednesse is readilye knowne by tokens of the eâ—es and by the custome of it That person which hath a fiery rednes on the Breast and Face is inflamed with yre and easily commeth franticke and mad as the like of these the Phisiognomer hath knowne by experience in sundry persons and referred to the passion The red colour of the hairs of the head intensed is a note of crafty wiles and deceits of much yre and of fransinesse when as the same declareth the abundance of choller The browne Chestnut colour doth declare vprightnesse and the loue of Justice And all report especially Nunciu natuâ—ae in the seuenth booke of the nature of beasts and in the first Chapter of the condition of a Nurse where hée sayeth That of those the better healthfuller sort are they which be browne in colour than the white woman and haue a healthâ—uller Milk The selfesame affirmeth Auicen 4. de Animalibus Those persons hauing a firy red colour or néere to it do retaine anger long also they are harde to be quallified and appeased when as they are angerie and such are referred to the passion that is vnto the manner appearing in any such gréeuously angred Those Persons which haue the Ueyns of the necke entensed and appearing bigge and eminent out with a redde colour tincted doe retaine anger long and such an vngracious anger that harde it is to be appeased Those also as the Phylosopher writeth be referred to the maner appearing for that in such an yre this hapneth as that the veines to be extended and magnified through the boyling and swelling vp of the bloud and spirits from the heart which so retch out those veines as is aforesaid and the like iudge in the forehead where wee vtter iudgement of the lines there séene The iudgement of the Colour and substance of the haires of the head and in all other pâ—aces of the body The xiii Chapter NVncius naturae saieth in lib. 2. de partibus cap. 14. animalium that of all liuing Creatures man in especiall is thickest and hath most plentie of haires on the head The cause of which matter is applied as well vnto a necessity as vnto the reason of a helpe and succour For necessary it was that the hayrs should be both for the moisture of the Braine and seames of the Scull For where the moyst quantitie of humours and heate is there of necessity must the great plenty of hairs grow for the reason and cause of a defence that the daily encreasing and growing of the Hayres couering the heade may so defend and succour it from the extreame colde and mightie heate Séeing mans Braine in proportion is greatest and moystest for that cause it néedeth especiallie a defence c. Isidore reporteth that the hayres of the Head were ordained of nature to couer and beseeme the head that these might so defend the Brain from the cold and heat of the Sunne Albertus in lib. de animalibus cap. 3. reporteth that the haires procéede of the grosser vapors issuing by the poores of the Skinne of the Heade sent foorth by heate thorough the narrow holes of the Skinne which dried and hardned in the comming forth through the outward cold of the ayre And the haires of the head which slowly encrease thorough the lacke of bloude is a note that the complexion to be very moyst That if these spéedily encrease is a note that the body declineth vnto a drines But to come to the matter the Hayres of the head do naturally declare the qualities and quantities of humours and the conditions of the spirite or minde The Phylosopher also in 5. de generatione animalium cap. 4. saith that the cause of the bignes and smalnes of the haires of the head is most chiefly caused and grow out of the skinne and not out of the flesh when the humor in them is euaporated and breatheth forth séeing we sée that the grose haires do spring out of a thick and grose skin and the small haires out of a thinne and soft skin These hitherto Aristotle So that when hotnes and drines bee conioyned the haires of the head doe much sooner grow and waxe matny and thicke Forasmuch as the much quantity signifieth a hotnes and the bignes of them a much fumositie And for that cause in young men there is much more quantity than in children for as much as the matter of children is vaporous and not humorous And the contraries of these do follow their contraries Further the signification by the part of the Figure is that the crispednes thereof declareth a hotnes and drines for the same is caused when it findeth a tortuousnes both of the holes and powers but this doubt is not héer resolued when as the complexion is altered although the two first matters be changed The plainnesse and flat lying of the hayres of the head doth signify a contrary that is coldnesse and moistnesse as euidently appeareth As touching the part of the colour the blackenesse signifieth a hotnesse which blacknesse is héer meant like to the cleare horne with a roughnesse and somewhat tortuous The whitishnesse signifieth a coldnesse but the citrinnesse and rednesse signifieth an equality and the whitishnes doth either argue a vehement coldnesse as the hoarines or a strong and mighty drinesse which hapneth in the Uegetalles when they are dried which from their blacknes or gréennesse passe into a whitenes and this like hapneth not to men but in the end of drying sicknesses Auerrois quarto colligit capitulo of the notes of the complexion of the whole body reporteth that the signification of the colour of the hayres of the head is not verified for the most part but in temperate climates although in euery climate may be somewhat comprehended in comparing the men of that climate dwelling there vnder As for example in the Germaines and Moores of which the Moores are black and their hayres are crisped with an vttermost tortuousnesse yet not for this is their complexion hot but rather these notes ought to be attributed to the outward heate séeing they aâ—e knowne rather to be cold through the heat vaporating But the Germanes Wendenland people and those which dwell in the cold Countreyes
necke hée was besides couetous and fearefull which is contrarie vnto magnanimitie or boldnesse in that the same procéedeth of a hot quality Yet hadde this person a ready wit through the comely forme of the head forasmuch as the knitting and conioyning of the spirits was lawdable by which the descent Organe aptly serued vnto reason especially for the eminencie of the fore-heade in breadth But the breast the Ribbes the Héeles and the necke were founde all effeminate which as aboue vttered bée contrarie vnto magnanimitie the Aquiline or hawked Nose indicated as the Phisiognomer reporteth his Couetousnesse that so mightily by his report bare sway in him Thus saith he a man must proportionate all the Members togither for otherwise it shall be in vaine to iudge or pronounce any matter at all after the minde of the Phisiognomer on any subiect The nose séene flat doth signifie such a person to be luxurious hasty in wrath and faint-harted for the dominion of the moysture and Flegme in that creature as the learned Conciliatore reporteth Héere conceiue saith the Phisiognomer Cocles that when the nose appeareth flat then is a hotnesse and moysture indicated in that person for as much as the hotnes of the Aqualine or hauked nose is caused with a drynesse So that the flat noses are procured through a hotnesse moysture in that the moysture causeth the inlarging of the nose of which such are knowne hot and moyst that properly cause the luxury in them When any report such persons that they are hasty in wrath the same procéedeth as the Phisiognomer reporteth of an ouer-much hotnesse and the inflamation of spirits mooued and procured through the aboundance of matter and of that inflamation by the report of Cocles is the yrefulnesse caused in such Another cause shall héere be vttered in that the inflamation of the spirit cannot soone or spéedily be cooled through the narrow passage as shal appeare in the matter following Of which the singuler Philosopher Asculanus in the mother tongue wrote these worthy verses following EL concauato è anchora il naso simo ciascun di lora a la luxuria acosta Piu del secundo dico che del primo chi la subtile è ne lextremo agozo Ouero rotundo cum obtusa posta mouesi ad ira el primo come cuzo Laltro e magnanimo e dae graue stile The person which hath a short Nose and the same flat is iudged after the mind of the Phisiognomer to be lasciuious and as some write to be a Théefe The nose séene short the mouth formed small and the téeth found short and big do denote after the mind of the worthy Conciliatore a moist and cold complexion The sharpenesse of the Nose séene the Necke found long the voyce heard small and comly are apparant notes of a temperate chollericke quality as the learned Rasis the worthy Albertus Ptholomeus paruus and other report and Cocles with them The Phisiognomer Cocles reporteth that hée hath many times noted of experience in infinite subiects and in all his life time he neuer saw any which were not possessed with a heape of vices especially for lying or for their imagining lyes and this caused by the Chollericknesse consisting in them for which cause this Cocles willeth a man to take héed of the fellowship of such as of all which saith he experience in short time will instruct thée perfit The nose formed sharpe of the end doth indicate such a person to bee a lyar contentions and yrefull the reason is as the Phisiognomer reporteth in that such are of a chollerick quality for as much as the leannesse and sharpenesse of the nose doth for the most part happen through the aboundance of choller The same end also hath narrow passages in which the ayre cannot passe to coole the heart so that of this it long remaineth inflamed which is the cause of contending and quarrelling in that person The like Creature by report of the Phisiognomer was that Antonius a learned scribe and notary yea he noted many other Countrey-men of his to be like among the number of which Cocles obserued and knew a iolly Fellow of the like Nature named Vandinus de Fauentia which was a betrayer of his courteous Lorde and a principall aider Son vnto the Noble Astorgius Fauentia by whose meanes and other mighty deceiuers about him was this gentle Lorde by commaundement conueyed vnto the prison in Rome and shut vppe as close prisoner in that strong Castle named Saâ—cti Angeli where not many monthes abiding was lamentably murdred of a most cruell Bastard by a headlong fall as the Phisiognomer learned and vnderstood which wicked Creature after the fact committed miserably pined away euen like an Image of Waxe standing in the hottest Sunne When the Nose shall be meanely small a little dry vpward and at the end raised vp and the neather part or end turned again vpward or that his cleft be procéeded from beneath vnto the part turned vpward toward the Cone of the Nose doth then indicate luxury or such an abuse of the bodie not héere decent to be vttered as the learned Conciliatore in his Rubrick of Phisiognomy reporteth The like of this the Phisiognomer Cocles obserued and noted sundry times especially in one of the Senate-house of the Noble Citty of Bononie which for reuerence vnto the noble-house and honesty sake he refuseth to name The cause is for as much as such are of a moist and sanguine quality tending vnto choller and these vniuersally by report of the Phisiognomer are luxurious in both the kinds euen as the same through the pricking forward of choller which daily inflameth the blood And the regitiue Nature of the whole body mooueth or stirreth forward the expulsiue vertue vnto the sending forth of the noious matter superfluous and expelleth the same vnto the congruenter places by the apt passages and sendeth the same forth vnto the 2rd1y in that it is the cause of the erection of it So that such helpe forward themselues by a proper industry not decent for honesty sake to be he vttered when as the desired subiect is not at hand And the apparant notes of these persons are that such haue the nose bigge and blunt especially at the end and the Nostrils wide and large through the grossenesse of bignesse of the nose The singuler Aristotle in Methraphoricis vttereth that such hauing the nose bigge at the end are of an earnest and ready minde vnto the concupiscence of the desired act such also are known to bée base and of no reputation applyed for the forme vnto the Oxe in that such especially in the venereall act are so prone and easily mooued that they couet in minde what person soeuer they sée which especially in knowne to be true for the actiue coeating as with Women for such after the sight of women séeme in a manner to mourn vnto themselues as the Bull doth after the Cow and such Asculanus reporteth are irefull Rasis vttereth
are appearing from thence vnto the breast are iudged to be weake of body and short liued The condition and iudgement of the inner partes which are consisting from the nauill vpwarde vnto the beginning of the stomack The xlvi chapter IF the Hypocondria or inward partes so named shall be decerned harde in the féeling and sufficiently or well compowned with bones doe witnesse the Masculynity and that such persons to be fierce cruell and quarrellers or fighters as the auncient Palemon Albertus and the learned Conciliatore vtter Such Hypocondria doe certaine report that the worthy Plato possessed yea the like creatures as Albertus and Conciliatore report are applyed vnto the fierce Lyon But if these partes named Hypocondria shall be decerned to be couered with a soft fleshe these then saith the Phisiognomer Cocles doe denote an effeminate minde and womanly courage to dwell or consist in that creature and the lyke affirmeth Conciliatore in his Rubrick of Phisiognomy Such which shall haue these partes weake boned and wrinckled and compassed with a thinnesse of fleshe like vnto the Hypocondria of the Ape are of the Philosopher iudged wicked of behauiour and full of shrewde or euill turnes applyed for the like condition and forme vnto the Ape The signification and iudgement by the notes of the belly The xlvii chapter THe Philosopher Aristotle doth héere instruct how a man may Phisiognomate by the habitude of the belly in that the belly is knowne to be the same which receiuing the meate as Isidore reporteth doth throughly digest it and conueieth the excrements forth that be superfluous for which cause this of nature formed bearing and appearing outward Such which are sufficient fatte about the belly that is well brawned and that the belly beare not to much outwarde are denoted strong after nature applyed for the forme vnto the male kind And such a condition of it is reported to be naturall so that the composition of the belly after the minde of Constantine is formed fleshlie after nature yea hotte and moiste and this through the occasion of digestion properly Of which Rasis vttereth that such creatures which possesse bigge bellies after nature are noted to be libidinous great féeders and that spéedily digest meates Such creatures which are decerned in a contrary condition to this as hauing flat bellies not sufficient brawned and these found soft are denoted and iudged to be weake of body and for the forme applyed vnto the apparant congruency In that we commonly see saith the Phisiognomer that such possessing leane bellies proceeding of any accident as eyther of too much fasting or of a sicknesse caused oâ— procured otherwise of any accidentall cause are argued to be vnapt to learne and to conceiue déepe matters yea weake of body and courage And how long soeuer such continue in the like passion and so long they tend or leane vnto the womanly condicions and courage after the agréement of Aristotle Albertus Conciliaâ—ore and others The learned Aristotle doth vtter also in secretis secretorum that he which possesseth a big belly is denoted and iudged to be an vndiscreete person proud foolish and often desiring to coeate for the hotnesse resting in him A meane proportion and forme of the Belley discerned with a narrownesse of the breast dooth indicate such a Creature to bee of a déepe vnderstanding of a good discretion and witte of an honest conuersation and trusty For a meannesse of the belly saith the Phisiognomer is procured of a hotnes proportioned in that Creature of which lawdable spirits ensue Where the Philosopher vttereth with a straightnest of the breast this is heere meant to be formed with a proportion of the same breast for if this shold be compounded with an ouer-much largenesse it would indicate a hotnesse of the heart in that Creature to hinder vnderstanding Of the same minde and iudgement by the report of the Phisiognomer is the learned Loxius where he witnesseth that such a forme of the belly is knowne to be soft Conciliatore reporteth that the bignesse of the belly doth denote an ouermuch desire vnto the veneriall act Whose stomacke and belley are discerned fleshier are reported to be strong He also affirmeth that the belly soft in youth doth witnesse that the same in many to become flat and drawne together in old age econtra of which this like doth indicate a heauinesse in old age The learned Aristotle vttered vnto the mighty K. Alexander that the person hauing a great belly to be vndiscréet foolish proud and desiring to coeate A meanesse of the belly descerned as aboue taught with a decent narrownesse of the breast witnesseth a déepenesse of vnderstanding and ready counsaile in that Creature These hitherto of Conciliatore The bignesse of the Belley procéedeth of the great heate reuerberating in the empetnesse of the same especially vnto the Region of the Genitors In that as it is saide the vertue Morrall or intellectiue is not scituated in a body ouer hote and of this such are procured to be vndiscréete and foolish Such also are noted to be great drinkers gluttonous féeders and delighted in sluggishnesse and giuing their minds much to luxury As hath béene noted in sundry persons which ledde an easie life A hearinesse decereed on the belly doth argue such a person to be full of wordes applyed for the forme vnto the kinde of birdes in that it is knowne that the property of such which are thus heary on the bellye to be talkatiue and full of words and this note onely conceiued and taken of the chattering of birdes which through their light spirits are thus mooued to chatter and the lesser birdes are knowne much louder to sing and to haue many more notes as the Nightingale and such like which are so procured and caused through the subtilnenesse of their bloud and lightnesse of the spiriâ—s in that these are of an ayrefull nature through which they are so lightly mooued vnto mirth and diuers desires which in their many songs and chaunging of notes endeuour to expresse And the Cockes of those kinde more exercise long then the Hennes doe forasmuch as they are formed hotter and by the consequent haue subtiller bloud and lighter spirites than the Hennes And that hearinesse or many more feathers appearing on their bellies procéedeth through the abundance of the heate vaporatiue in that the same more aboundeth in this place through the digestion there bearing greater sway whose note is that the flesh of their bellies is found farre swéeter and more sauerie in taste than any part of their bodies besides so that of the like causes sundry men are knowne to be very heary on the belly Of which to conclude in that these possesse a subtill bloud and light spirits through the light motion of bloud and the spirites For that cause are diuers fantasies in those subiectes lightly procured and conceiued in minde which of them vttered in their spéech and talke So that of these a certaine reason of the cause appeareth why the
head plaine to bee simple Much haire of the head and thick to be euil conditioned Of the going and mouing The pace slow and long to be witty and strong the pace flow and short to be witty yet weak the pace long and quicke to bee strong yet foolish the pace short and quick to be both foolish and weake of strength the shoulders bending forward in going to be high-minded The person going with the knées and féet turning in to be weake applied to the Woman In the talking writhing or shrugging the body hither and thither to be a Flatterer like to the fawning Dogge Leaning vnto the right side in the going to be â— Cynede applied to the excessiue appearance The eyes quicke mouing to bee gréedy and quicke Catchers applied to the Hault the eyes quick and often moouing with a steddinesse of the Bodie to be Witty and of a readie vnderstanding aplied to the condition of the passion Of the personage and stature Such as are of a very smal personage to be quicke witted and prompt in attaining any matter of the natural cause Such very big of personage of dul capacity and thereof hardly conceiuing of the contrary cause after Aristotle Smal of personage of a hot and dry quality cholericke to bee vnapt readily to conceiue and to iudge or discerne anie matter rightly Smal of personage and of a colde and moiste quality to bee apt to conceyue and readily to discerne of the contrary cause Bigge of personage of a hot and dry quality to be wittie and ready to conceiue Big of personage and of a cold and moist quality to be dul of capacity of the contrary cause The personage euil fashioned and tal of stature to be dul of capacity and euil conditioned applied to the forme the person of a comely personage and meane of stature to bee witty and honest conditioned applied to the Naturall cause A breefe treatise of the signification of Moles seene in any part of the body written by the Greeke Authour Melampus FIrst if the man shall haue a Mole on the forehead doth indicate that he shall possesse much wealth and riâ—heâ— The Woman hauing a Mole on the forehead doth demonstrate that she shall either gouerne or 〈◊〉 come vnto a high dignity If a man shall haue a Mole aboue the ouerbrow doth argâ—â— that he shaâ—l couple and ioyne in marriage both with an honest wealthy and verâ—uâ—us woman The woman hauing a Mole in the same place doth denote that she shall ioyne in marriage both with a rich faire and comely person If the man shal haue a Mole on the ouerbrow then let such a person refraine from Marryage altogether or all his life time for that such a persuit if he marry shall haue fiue wiues in his life time The woman hauing a Mole in the like place to haue likewise so many Husbands as the Man Wiues in her life time as Melampus writeth If a man haue a Mole on the Nose somewhat ruddy and another the like in the priuy place doth indicate that such a person to be ouer much giuen to the veneriall act The like Mole séene either on the nose or eye of the Woman and that she hath the like on her priuy place dooth signifie the same that is afore spoken of the man If the man shall haue a Mole ouerthwart the nose doth denote that he shall wander hither and thither through Countries and Citties A Mole the like standing on the womans nose doth protend that she shall traâ—â—ile on foote thâ—â— rough sundry countries and that she hath the liâ—â— Mole besides on the priuy place If a man haue Mole on the gâ—llet or throat 〈◊〉 demonstrate that he shall become very rich If the woman haue a Mole on the neather iaâ—â—â— doth indicate that she shall lead her life in sorrow and paine of the body because she hath that within her body which shall hinder her from the teaming or bearing of Children If the man shall haue the forme of a Mole on the tongue doth demonstrate that he shall maâ—riâ— with a rich and beautifull woman If either the Man or woman shal haue a Mole on any of the lips doth portend that he or shée to be a great féeder and a glutton If a man shall haue a Mole on the chin doth argue that he shal be rich both in the substance of Money and in possessions The woman hauing a Mole in the same place doth indicate that she shall come to the like wealth as the Man and that shee hath besides the same like Mole right aloft or against the Milt If a man shall haue a Mole in any of the eares doth argue that he shal be rich and much reuerenâ—ed and spoken of If the woman shall haue the same and that in the like place doth denote the like good hap and fortune to her and that besides she hath the like mole placed on the thigh or hams If the man shall haue a Mole on the neck doth promise that he shall become very rich If the woman shall haue a Mole so placed doth indicate that the like good fortune wealth shall ensue vnto her If the man shall haue a Mole in a manner behind the necke doth demonstrate that he shall bée beheaded except God through earnest Prayer prâ—â—ent the same If as well the man as the woman shall haue a Mole on the loines doth demonstrate a weak and poore kindred and to be alwaies néedy If on the shoulders of the man shall be séene a Mole doth signifie imprisonment and sorrowes of the mind If the man shall haue as is aboue said a mole on the throat doth promise that he shall mary both with a rich and beautifull woman If the Woman shal haue a Mole on the same place doth signifie that she shall also marry both with a Wealthy and very faire or comely man If either in the mans or womans hands shall a Mole appeare doeth denote the prosperous good lucke and enioy of children If either the man or woman shall haue a Mole on the breast doth threaten that he or she shall like much harmed by pouerty If the man shall haue a Mole on the place right against the heart dooâ—h denote him vndoubtedly to be wicked If the Woman shall haue a Mole on the left Breast then pronounce the like iudgement 〈…〉 the man If a Mole shall be séene eyther on the mans or womans belly doth demonstrate that he or shee to be a great feeder and glutton If a mole in eyther the man or Woman shall appeare on the place right against the Spléen doth signifie that he or she shall be much passionated and oftentimes sicke If eyther the man or Woman shall haue a mole on the bottome of the belly doth argue much debility and to be often sicke If a Mole in either the man or woman shal be séene néere to the priuy place denotes vnspeakable desirousnes and vnsaciate in coeating If the man or woman haue a
A PLEASANT History Declaring the whole Art of Phisiognomy Orderly vttering all the speciall parts of Man from the Head to the Foot Written by Thomas Hill Printed by W. Iaggard 1613. An Admonition vnto the Gentle Reader THE same consider and note for a generall Rule that the Significations and Iudgements after vttered in many places of this Booke doe chiefely extend and are meant rather to happen and come to passe on the brutish sort which for the lacke of grace and being not regenerated by Gods holy Spirit these in such manner are moued to follow their sensuall will and appetites For by a naturall frailty proceeded from our fore-Father Adam euery Creature after Nature is drawne and allured vnto the like dispositions and passions of the mind But to be briefe the Creatures which are regenerated through the holy Ghost doe not onely endeuour to mortifie their fleshly appetites but seeke to put away and correct all other inormities and vices resting in them although there still continueth a frailtie to sinne and offences daily committed euen of the wise which for that we be so intised of the flesh no maruaile is it saiâ—h the Phisiognomer that so many insue and follow the like steppes of sundry sentences pronounced in this Art the more is to be lamented that these so bestiall should be thus common amongst vs as we daily see and know Thomas Hill A large pleasant discourse of the whole Art of Phisiognomy orderly vttering all the speciall partes of man from the head to the foot Of Phisiognomie in generall CAP. 1. PHILOSOpher Aristotle and Concylatour agrée that to all liuing creatures it is a matter common as to suffer do of a natural inclination which as the same in beasts is named a violence euen so in men this is by a contrarie maner named an inclination For as much as by way of example in the Chollericke is knowne an inclination to yre in the Melancholicke to ware in the Sanguine to myrth and in the Flegmaticke to sluggishnesse All which inclinations are reported to be the vtterers hath of the naturall Motions and conditions in men which by reason and wisedome be well gouerned Which well appeared by Hypochrates who by his face was iudged wicked yet thorow Phylosophy knowne to be well conditioned But in beastes for the lacke of reason are these affections and conditions as Aristotle vttereth in his booke de secretis seâ—retorum may not bee gouerned in that they liue and perseuer after their sense and appetite By which euidently appeareth that Phisiognomie to be a necessarie and lawdable Science seeing by the same a man may so readily pronounce and foretell the naturall aptnesse vnto the affections and conditions in Men by the outward notes of the body which although a man may thus foretell the natural motions and actuall conditions yet of this it is not accounted so perfect and â—â—me a Science séeing by the same a man may erre in sundry subiects hauing Grace and wisedome But in that men for the more part do liue after a sensuall wil in themselues and that none but the wise and godly which is by an inward working of the spirit do liue after reason for that cause is this Phisiognomy accounted and named a Science which instructeth a man by the outwarde notes to foretell the naturall motions and actuall conditions that consist and dwel in many persons especially in those which liue after their affection and appetites rather then gouerning themselues by reason And of this did the learned Bias Priaenias report that there liued and were more of the wicked than of good persons in that so manie are ledde and mooued after a sensuall will than procured by reason which causeth that man as Aristotle affirmeth to swarue and fall from a meane in many manners but the same is approached vnto and purchased by one manner of way And two kindes there are of these Notes as certaine which of the Elementary qualitie conceiued that vtter and signifie the affections of the minde as dooth the hayrinesse of the Brest which is a note of yre thorough the hote heart And certaine are of propertie as the declining of the head to the right side in the Walking which is the note of a Cynede as Aristotle reporteth and this like is neyther gathered of a hotte nor cold cause but of the property Yet do the Perypateticks as writeth Aristotle secundo priorum vtter that not any one affection to consist and be in man or any condition of nature but that a like note is outwardly to be séen on the body by which not only that passion or coÌ„dition may be vttred but the fortune vnto good or euil by the accidentall notes may be iudged And althogh the spirit as vnto vnderstanding is from the body eleuated yet as vnto the other parts and powers is the spirite comprehended of the bodie Although the inner affectes of the spirite cannot bee iudged by the outward notes of the body yet may the accidentes of the spirit and minde according to those which together alter both Spirit and body be iudged as Aristotle reporteth in secundo priorum Auerrois vttereth that the accidentes not naturall cause no note but in the Spirite as if any knoweth the Arte of Musicke hee hath the note in the spirite and not in bodie formed of the same The lookes also of men although they doe not differ in the essentiall kinde yet do these differ in the kinde accidentall So that the accidentall difference of lookes in man doth onely suffice for the difference of conditions But if any shall héere obiect that sentence written in the seuenth chapter of Saint Johns Gospel where our Sauiour willeth none to iudge rashly after the vtter appearance of the face or look but to pronounce and iudge arighteous iudgement To this may thus be answered that the same saying of the Lord was spoken vnto them which in very déed were wicked persons of malicious conditions yet not of the matter and cause do they procure a iudgement but thorough the accepting of personnes and in the hate or contempt of men are they so alienated from the truth of the matter in iudging which otherwise must be eschewed and that especially where the person is occupied in the celestiall Doctrine This is also to bee learned and noted that any person as afore vttered to iudge alone by the face mightilie to erre and bee deceiued so that necessarie it is to gather and marke sundrie other Notes of the bodie and after to pronounce Judgement and the same not firmely but coniecturally As by this example may well appeare that if the Phisiognomer earnestly beholding and viewing any merrie person by nature doth sée him at that instant time through some hap very sadde of countinance and doth of the same iudge him to be sadde by Nature where he contrarywise is of Nature merrie or otherwise appearing then merry shall iudge him of the same to bée of Nature merrie where perhaps
liuely mind and corage vnto a brunt or attempt very vehement yet slowly moued to yre slowly pleased aduised in businesses in due and fit times studious abroad liberall stowt iust trusty vnconstant or wandering from place to place and true of his word Of which Auicen writing of the conditions of persons reporteth that man is the subtiller and that Weomen are more pittifull and gentle than men more conuertible lighter perswaded sooner seduced enuiouser fearefuller vnshameâ—aster more Foolish Lyars more fraudulent more giuen to fraud more esteeming triâ—â—es slower tenderer weaker and more proâ—e or sooner drawne into familiarity and into companie with another The like vttereth the Phylosopher in lib. 9. de hystoria Animalium cap. primo that man in nature is perfectest and for the same cause the proportions of al the members and parts are séemlâ—er and stronger compact insomuch that the woman is more pittiful and mercifuller yeare adier to shed teares and weepe than the man yet enuâ—ous full of complaâ—nts euiller speaking backebyting and slaundering Besides more sorrowfull carefull and dispayring than the man yea more impudent A greateâ— lyer lighter deceiued apter to call to memory or remember matters vnto these watchfuller sluggisher lesser sturring abroad and lesser desiring meate But the man as aboue vttered liuelier more stirring and stronger Auerro is primo phisico commen 81. vttereth that the woman is vnperfecter than the man and the femininitie hapneth to man by accident another Texte openeth of the depriuing And the Learned Ioannitius in pisagogis reporteth that the man differeth from the Woman in the same that he is hotter and drier than the Woman and shee contrary wise colder and moyster than he And the singuler Aristotle vttereth in primo de Animali that the Worthiest Noblest and with vs more common and knowne yea and the more stable sate creature is man And in the xi de animalib Aristotle reporteth that man among all other Creatures is accounted the worthier and of the virill kind the Males are stronger and stowter than the females except in the Beare and Libard as 8. de Animalibus In all the kinds of Beasts the Females haue a more dead minde and are lesse patient and may sooner be conuerted and are sooner angred and sooner appeased and are of a lesser heate they are besides rash and hastie and inuericundious haue a small head the face and necke slender the breast and shoulder points narrower the ribbes lesser but the haunches bigge and Buttockes the like the legges also are slender the handes and Féete slender and thinne The Females in al the kindes of Beasts as afore reported are founde far more fearfuller and Péeuisher or frowarder conditioned than the Males These hitherto Alman for secundus The iudgement of the colours of the whole body The xii Chapter THe colour is manie wayes chaunged according to the commixion of the Humours and according to the Dominion of them Intensiuely and remissiuely by which also a man must Physiognomate For the iudging of colours except the propper effect be adioyned to his cause error to the iudger must in many happen So that their Natures and qualities cannot easily be iudged except a man diligently consider the proper Country in which each be borne for that we sée in many places chéefely in Italy many Nations dwelling together like as the Jew Turke Schauone Gréeke and high Almayne and many others Whos 's mixte Natures must be considered if a man will rightly phisiognomate and iudge vppon any of these abouenamed or of any other Nation besides Séeing those people dwelling farre North bee strong of body comely of colour softe of flesh bigge bellied yet simple yrefull of small Learning meane of counsell vnstable lyers deceiuers and boasters And on such wise temper your iudgement according to the nature of the place and Country where such are borne which in another Chapter happily I will further write of But to returne vnto the matter vnderstande that the white wanne and yellowish colour is a note of the deminished decoction if this diminution therefore hapneth the goodnesse of nature shall like be diminished For which cause flie and eschew the company of a wanne and yellow coloured man for that he is giuen to vices and luxurie but this Luxury dooth the Phylosopher héere meane to be the immoderate appetite of the thankfull matter in causing euill Workes vnto others hurt and losse and not of the co-eating alone in that coldnesse is a contrary vnto the lust séeing the lust is caused of hotnesse and moistnesse For the wan and yellow colour doeth héere rather argue coldnes Further the wan colour is the way and beginning of the mortifying of naturall heat and extinction of the same by which reason appeareth that the wan colour doth no otherwise differ from the blacke but as to the remission of the mortifying And by this wan colour is to be vnderstoode the Leadie colour The Learned Auicen Writeth that the whitenesse of colour is a note of the depriuing of bloud or the scarsity of it with a coldnesse for if this colour should procéed of a hotnesse and that with the Chollericke humor then should it tend vnto a cytrinesse Further Auicen Writeth that the ruddie colour doth signifie the plentie of bloud the red and somewhat redde colour doth declare the hotnesse of quality yet more doth the somewhat red colour declare the red Choller and the redde colour the Sanguine Choller Héere further is to bée noted that the colour some-what red doth signifie the depriuing of bloud although there appeareth not the red Choller as the like hapneth in the helthfull bodies But a very swarâ— colour as betwéene the blacke and yellow appearing doth rather signifie coldnes through which the blood then is diminished and congealed and that litle so congealed is through the same turned into a blacknesse which changeth the colour of the skin And this we name a wan or yellowe colour according to the intensiue and remissiue dominion The hony colour signifieth a coldnes and drinesse forasmuch as the colour is the same which ensueth a pure blacke choller So that the whitenesse of colour followeth the condition of Flegme and quality of the moysture but the greannesse of colour doth rather argu the blood congealed which then tendeth to a blacknesse so that the same commixed to the Flegme is made gréene yet doth the whitish gray colour rather signifie a Flegmatick coldnesse mixed with a little red choller And after the opinion of many Physitians the colour is for the more part chaunged through the Liuer vnto a reddishnesse and whitenesse and thorough the Milt into a swartnesse Further Auicen writeth that the swart yellowe colour dooeth argue the redde Choller but the Dark Browne colour doth signifie the black choller And the like in a manâ—â— to this affirmeth Auerrois which writeth that in an equall Climate the swart yellowe colour doth declare that the redde Choller to gouerne the chollericke but the darke browne colour
bin heard of by that afore described woman who drew by her singular beauty many a worthy Captaine Soldier to hir company Wherfore this man for loue of his Countrymen sought to perswade them in these verses as followeth De non credati a femina scioccha E non vacenda lor ficta belezza Ma riguardati come deâ—tru fioccha Miri la mente cum gli occhij cerueri Che alhora perderaila sua vaghezza De lei mirando li socii mâ—steri In which words he willeth his Countrymen to beware of the counterfet beauty of most weomen with them for that it is not natural but framed by Art with Waters Tinctures such like things The Phisiognomer also reporteth that manie women like delighted to garnish and decke vppe themselues carrying the head after the manner of the Hart with the eyes rolling and turning heere and there still turning the head one while on the right side another on the left now vpwarde then downward which argueth an especiall vnstablenesse and an vnsatiate luxury in that creature In so much that if they intensiuely possesse or haue these then such be for the most part cremeriti and of experience saith the Phisiognomer do I report this Where sundry men are named to bee effeminate is vnderstood and ment two waies the one when as such be delighted to go in apparrell and decked with ornaments like to women the other to appeare lascâ—uious and weake both of will and courage The quality of which apparantly declares the mind for the most part doth like ensue and answere to the disposition of the body For such be noted of experience to be vnfaithfull and euill reporters lyars for that through their counterfaiting answer in parts to be kinde fraudulent and wily Further the youthful delights in men is séene vnto xx yeares or néere vpon for that the natural heat is al that tune couered and hid of the moysture The knowledge of which is well discerned through their members then being soft that suffer in a manner as the women The wearing of heauy garments customablie doth argue a heauy brain but the garments light witnesseth alight braine which rule much furthereth the person minding to Phisiognomate on any subiect The haires of the head Blackish in colour if they be meanely thinne as writeth Palemon and the like Albertus Aristotle and Conciliatore doe then denote very honest conditions and both a good disposition iudgement and nature in that person The haires of the head yellowish and meanly thin denoteth that the Sun and Mercury to â—ear sway in the qualities and nature of that person after the mind of the Phisiognomer which I thereto agrée Conciliatore writeth that he which hath the haires of the head small and in all other partes of the body standing vpright is argued by iudgment fearfull for that such persons in great fear appear the like which for that applied to the condition of the passion Alike reason of the â—ame vttereth Albertus which affirmeth that the windy moisture is cause of such an vprightnesse and staring of the haires Yet be the hayres sometimes crisped curled and hard which procéede thorough the drinesse in the sharpe heat is causing and working the like The worthy Almansor writeth that the crispeâ—nesse of the haires and of these standing vpright doe demonstrate a hot quality and hasty nature in that person Héere in the first persons touching the colour of the haires and the effeminacy of parts doth the Phisiognomer aptly apply the Moon and Venus but in the second kind doth he néere attribute the Sun or rather Mars The haires of the head lying flat and reaching out on the forehead denoteth a strong person yet brutish of likelyhood in conditions for that the polling of heads in our time may greatly beguile the iudger applied to the Beare and other Wilde Beasts The like iudgment the Philosophers say that the roughnesse of the haires on the head denoteth in many lacking educaâ—ien grace the rudenesse of manners and wild behauiour The haires of the heade after the minde of the Philosopher Aristotle very thin indicates an effeminate minde for the lack of bloud thorough which not only a slownesse but a womanly corage and dulnesse in conceiuing is procured A much quantity of the haires of the head lying 〈◊〉 and a part on the middle of the fore-head folding and widing vpward toward the braine or crowne of the head do argue after the agréement of Authors that such a person to bee both subtile and wily yet in honest and iust causes not found so aduised and witty for which reason attributed of the Phisiognomer to the barbarous sort The haires of the head flat lying of either side descending to the forehead doe declare such a person condicioned to the nature of the horse The haires next the Temples small and thin doe denote a cold person and weake of strength the reason of which séemeth to bée for that the temples supply that place where the great Arterâ— and vaiues doe end And in this the place should naturally bee hot through which causing the engendering of haires in that the same is procured of heat For which cause when the haires of the temples be small and thin doe then denote the lacke of naturall heat and applied to women being theâ—â—are of haires The haire of the temples thin yet found stiffâ— do then denote not onely a feareful person but cold also by nature The haires thicke growing about the temâ—â—â—â— and eares doth denote that person of experience knowne to be of an hot nature and prone to the veneriall act The haires in that place if they shall be big 〈◊〉 whiter doe then denote vntaught manners 〈◊〉 rude conditions applied to those brutish sort named the Frizeland men The haires in the same place if they shall bee either perfit blacke or flaxen of colour doe then argue a violent and furious mind applied of the likelihood to the Boare The haires so it and thin and excéeding small do then declare an effeminate mind and courage and that this person not onely lacking blood but to be dull of sense and slow When the haires shall be yet much thinner 〈◊〉 then innuate a crafty hard or néere and couetous person applied after quality to the fearefulnesse and couetousnesse both of the Barbarian and Assirian for that the Assirians are by nature excéeding couetous The haires much and grosse and flat lying with a hairinesse of all the body in a child doe witnesse the melancholy to ensue that is to â—â—y to become franticke and mad When the haires in age are much increased then doe they represent the much adâ—stion aboue nature which so causeth the sicknesse of innocency and foolishnesse The vttermost line or creast of the hairs of the head if the same reacheth and goeth from the forehead do then argue a crafty person hauing a peruerse and wicked vnderstanding The vttermost line or creast of the haires if the same extendeth to the forhead
doth by the opinion of the Philosopher denote such a person not onely to be emptâ— and 〈◊〉 of honest guifts and vertue but lacking wisedome The head Pineapple like formes dooth indicate vnshamefastnesse in that person thâ— rather and of more likeâ—â—hood if the other notes aunswere this Conciliatore The head flat and plaine doth argue that vice of ambition and sensuality in the person mightily bearing sway The head eminent or bearing out in the forepart dooth note a hawtinesse and arrogancy in the Creature after the opinion of the abouesaid Philosopher The head in the forepart vallied depressed and hollow doth denote an irefull and deceitfull person but such which haue the hollow of the hinder part of the head flatted are noted after Arte to be very fearefull persons applyed to the kindâ— like The head bigge with a largenesse of the forehead and countinaunce vnto a Gyant dooth argue such a person to bée slowe yet strong in the composition of Bodie and gentle of behauiour but that person of the Philosopher is reported vnapt to be taught and to learne and applyed for that cause vnto the Ore The head long and somewhat protensed or streatched out to the forme of a hammer euen as the heads of the Switzers for the most parte are doth indicate such a person to be reasonably feareful diligent circumspect and a foreséer in waighty matters and affaires The head right out formed in the midle plain and in a maner flat being also of a mean bignesse doth indicate such a person not to be onely wittie but stout and of great courage The head well formed doth denote such a person to possesse a singuler wit to bee one of a good aduisement and consideration yet liberal in gifts but by the report of Conciliatore this Person sometimes will be very fearefull and faint-hearted The head either small or big is vnderstood and meant according to the measure and proportion of the whole body as saith Albertus The head short declareth such to lacke reason vnderstanding and wit as report Palemon Albertus and Conciliatore The head in the hinder part hollow doth denote an irefull person wily and deceitfull and these acording to the notes answering to the other parts of the head and body And in whom you shall espie the temples hollowe of either side such by the agréement of the Philosophers shall you iudge and pronounce to be cruell deceitfull and great dissemblers with other conditions scarsely tollerable Hitherto of the iudgements of the head next followeth the iudgements of the forhead after the rules and order of the Art as a member and part greatly to be regarded both for the composition and lines worthy memory séene in the same Of the forme nature and iudgement of the forhead The xv Chapter THe face saith Aristotle euermore goeth bare â—â—pecially in man The forehead is that space lying betwéene the highest browes vpward the eies downward The bredth whereof beginneth from the roote of the nose where the eye-lids end and reacheth vnto the garland seame about the head The length oft be forehead is vnderstood after the bredth of the body which way the hairie sinnewes are seen to stretch and runne As the like the Phisiognomer hath obserued in many of the best learned Also at Rauenna hee behelde the Image of that learned Dante hauing the like forme Héere note that a man must consider all other parts with the conditioned forme of the head and the agréement of the countenance otherwise this cannot be verified By the rounde forehead shall you conceyue and vnderstand a certaine sphericall or very round eminency and bearing outwards such a forme of necessity must be granted to lacke in the length of the Fore-head The cause of this is for that the â—pirices in the same emptie place are reuerberated and inflamed and that the inflamation long continueth Which reason and saying is confirmed when such haue a short Necke and chollericke in that the inflamation of bloud is lightâ—â— caused and abiding The forhead is an vtterer of heauinesse â—irth clemency and cruelty of which the prouerb cam That the flattering person sheweth a smooth smiling forehead the irefull man a knitting or wrinkling forehead Aristotle affirmeth the forehead to be the seat or place of modesty and honor and the same for the méerenesse of the imaginatiue vertue which with the common fence in the fore-part of the braine is placed as principall of the head by force of whose vertue either heauinesse or mirth comelinesse or vncomlinesse are sodenly carried vnto the iudgement of reason and by the same iudged Of this we name such to haue a shamelesse braâ—en forehead which put away or set aside all bashfulnesse and shame The forhead thorough the discending of all the sinnewes from the braine to performe the sense is as it were a certaine tower and â—ortresse to whose hollownes do the fiue sensitiue sinnews concurre of the outward senses through whose helpe from all the obiects of the sences at the seat of reason is iudgement caused The Sâ—inne of the Fore-head which with a certaine musculous and thinne substaunce fastned to it is vnited or ioyned together that the inner parts of the hands and soals of the féet with the tendons do agrée together The fore head distinguished of the bones lying vnder the vtter skin doth only consist of two mouable skins and briefly the whol is lose in it self and of the same is vndoubtedly mooued by a voluntary The skinne of the forehead dooth mooue togither with the eye-liddes by certaine muscles and sinnewes at the opening and shutting togither of the eyes The Musculous thickenesse lying vnder the skinne of the forehead by which the eye-browes are drawne vp and the motion of the foreheade caused hath his hairie fastnings tending downewarde which cut ouerthwart by an vnskillfull Chirurgian doth after cause that the whole skin of the forehead dooth slide or fail downe to the eyes The plaine and euen forehead without anie wrinckles is the same which doth beare or bosse nothing outwardes but containeth or hath a certaine éeuennesse thoroughout And such persons are noted of the Phisiognomer to be contentious and full of variances the reason is for that the same signifieth a grose skin of the forhead and of the consequent alike Wit and the hardnesse of Flesh which cannot be placed of which the rudenesse of vnderstanding ensueth through the Organ not due proportioned And such also be hot and drie persons which causeth the tention of the forehead so that through the paucity of vnderstanding they be caused brawlers and contentious In all matters there is a certain outward note by which we find those that are not answering to the eies that is the inward notes not seen Of this appeareth that the nature of the propper matter hath his and Philosophy naturall hath his whicâ— it skilfully noteth The person hauing a bigge forhead is slow and dull Witted compared vnto the Oxe in that the Oxe is a flow
infortune to succeed If a line appeareth in the middle vnder the lines in the Dyameter of the Nose dooth then argue a singuler fortune and the great increase of riches The Philosopher Ptâ—â—lomeus paruus writeth that if one line reâ—cheth along the forehead as from the right side vnto the left dooth then promise such a person after nature to liue thréescore yeares If two lines shall the like stretch along the forehead do then promise such a person to liue vnto the age of thréeâ—core and ten yeares If thrée lines the like then vnto fourescore yeares If foure lines the like stretched along the forehead doe then signifie fourescore and ten yeares And if fiue lines the like stretched a long doe then declare an hundred yeares as the learned Ptholomeus writeth If the â—hree lines aboue described are crossed of other lines doe then denote hatred troubles and persecutions for the more part If the said crossinges of the lines shall make an angle and that one line be bigger then the other in such maner that the same stretcheth ouer the angle aboue the nose doth then signifie that such a person hath Enemies but they shall not greatly harme him But further of this forme of the angle crossed may a man learne and vnderstand in any work of Paulmestry that vtteâ—eth matter of the quadrangle of the hand as touching friendes and Enemies and euen the same is witnessed by the signes of the forehead If neither angle crosse or ouertwart line shall appeare on the forehead doth then signifie a lucky continuance and glory in workes and a most happy estate vnto the end of life The sharpe crossing of lines to the manner and forme of a pinnacle dooth then demonstrate both houshold and familiar enemies or enemies of the owne Kindred as Morbeth the Cardinall writeth If any two lines of the forehead are néere ioyning together in any part doe then demonstrate discord and contention with many persons The comlinesse and good proportion of the thrée principall lines of the forehead dooth denote a worthy Fame and finguler Wit as sundry Authors write and the same affirmeth the Phisiognomer If many lines are discerned in the fore-head then so appearing those are named the sisters of the three principall lines as writeth the former Morbeth If but one line onely is seene or dooth appeare in the forehead then according to the maner and forme of the same place where that appeareth with the age of the person and dominion of the Planet must a man like iudge If no line at all shall appeare in the fore-head then by reason no iudgement at all can bee pronounced When in the breaking those lines appeare crooked in this manner as the example here vnder of the one plainer expresseth dooth then signifie the greater infortune to that person As the like by obseruation was noted in a certaine Italian and sundry others If any of the lines appeareth crooked or bended vpward as a Bow doth then indicate the greater infortune But if any line downeward stretched then the lesser infortune is signified by the same as Mantâ—anus and Cocles write When in the crooking any of the lines shall bée crossed especiallie Marses line doth then signifie violent death vnto that person and this according to the positure and place of the line shall like be iudged to happen either in the second or third Age. The Ueines very bigge appearing in the Fore-head doth denote the excéeding qualitie of Choller and that such a person to bee excéeding yrefull These hitherto of the iudgement of the thrée principall lines appearing and to be séene in a manner in the foreheads of most subiects which diligently obserued and noted by due circumspection shall in the end finde this rare and Golden secret hid a long time from many good wittes yea and of these sufficiently skilfull in other lawdable Arts. And that this Jewell may not appeare mutilate and vnperfite for the lacke of more principles and instructions to further the same I intend to publish a singuler treatise verie rare and knowne but to few Students intitled Metoposcopie or by a more knowne name the view and beholding of all the lines appeering in the forehead beginning orderly from Saturns line vnto the Moones written by a most learned Mathematican and Phisition named â—haddaeus Hagecius of Hagâ—k the which aded vnto the number of thréescore examples liuely counterfeited that he by diligent trauaile noted and obserued which no doubt will much help and further those that mind to iudge on subiects by the ayde of those faithfull instructions and linely examples published in this perfit manner by that worthy man aboue named for recompence of which trauailes he in my opinion well deserueth immortall memory among other of the learned Philosophers which commendation and opinion of mine I referre to the wisedome of the Readers at the comming forth of the Treatise in the meane time I wish the Readers to vse these instructions aboue vttered Next followeth the iudgement of the ouer-browes as a part belonging to the forehead by which singuler matter may be learned and knowne The forme and iudgement of the ouer-browes The xvii Chapter THe Learned Phylosopher named Nâ—â—cius Naturae writeth in the second Book de partibus Animalium that the ouer-browes and eie-lids were ordained for speciall helpes to the face as to ornate and beseeme the same with the auoyding of other inconueniences The place of the ouerbrowes as writeth Cocles is a part of the Fore-head and formed of nature in that seate where the bones knit and ioyne together The ouerbrowes also were ordained to man as reporteth Thaddaeus both for profite and comelinesse sake these for profit that the moisture and sweat falling from the forehead might as penthouse to the eies so cast off the moysture distilling and like the humours and moisture falling from the head thorough the same eueising shoote them off without harme to the eyes The like words in a manner vttereth the Phisiognomer Cocles The ouerbrowes as reporteth Cocles were appointed by God and Nature in the knitting and ioyning of the bones for that in manie Oldâ— persons they grow and waxe so long that of necesitie and for comelinesse sake also they must bee clipped The causes of the haires as writeth the Physiognomer are noted to bee foure as the Efficient the Materiall the Formall and Finall The efficient cause of the hairs is procured two waies the one is naturall heate which eleuateth the humours from the moysture of the body and sendeth or carrieth them forth vnto the skinny parts The other is the cold ayre which both thickneth and coaguleth those humors and reduceth them into the forme of haires The materiall cause is two wayes the first is farre off and is the corporal moysture the second cause is néere and is the earthly vapor or humor which is euaporated from the moysture The formall cause is the forme of the haires as the length and roundnesse of them The finall
cause the vapours cannot haue their frée passage foorth seeing the penetration in them at that age is prohibited But the moysture of the selfe 〈◊〉 ioyned in old age is consumed and dried wheâ—â— of the bones are caused more open and the vapâ—â—â— frée do consequently ascend thorough which the hairs of the ouerbrows are then procured to grow long The haires of the ouer-browes thicke and so long streatched out that they séeme in a maner to shaddow the sight denoteth in that person the excesse of heat The ouerbrowes thin of haires and the places much fleshy denoteth a slowe and dull capacity and coldnes ruling in the principal members as the learned Thaddeus writeth The haires of the ouer-browes néere touching and in a manner ioyned togither are noted to be the woorst condition of all others in that the Browes like formed doe argue a wicked person full of mischiefe vngracious workes and déeds giuen to wicked Arts. As the like the learned Ioan Indagines affirmeth that he obserued in sundry old Witches brought to bee burned hauing the like ouerbrowes The learned Physitian Thaddeus reporteth that he obserued a iolly Captain a great trauailer a Pirate on the Sea and a rauisher of Maydens in the Ciâ—ty of Nymburge thrée yeares before hée was cruelly slaine of the Tartarians who had the like ouerbrowes with the eyes glistering and firy spots in them hauing also an yreful fierce countenance and manne of colour in the face That the forme of this person may nearer be vnderstood and Learned of the professors of the Art dooth conceiue this figure héere afore demonstrated liuely to the eye The haires of the ouerbrowes white as reporteth Ioan. Indagines doe argue an effeminate person lightly beléeuing and foolish If the crooking of the haires declineth vnto the temples and to the bossing out of the chéekes denoteth him to be negligent and foolish The ouerbrwes if they reatch out long and appeare thicke of haires argueth meditating and bethinking mighty matters as the Physiognomer reporteth The Physiognomer Cocles héere placeth an other example of a certaine person that hée noted in his time which by reason of the ouermuch hotnesse consisting in him was knowne to bee a foole full of words furious yrefull euill tongued and vnpatient whose positure and forme of parts is thus described He had the head pinaple like the voice lowd â—â—â—â—ke of spéech and in stature 〈…〉 muscuâ—ous Sanguine yet tending vnto 〈◊〉 The eares were great the forhead bearing out â—â—ter a round maner the ouerbrows ioined togither and much hairy the eies small hollow standing glistering and Fieâ—y the Nose flatte and hollow in the middle at the chéekes bony and some-what flat â—the mouth great the lips thicke and foâ—lded or turned outward the Teeth bigge the Chinne sharpe and long the face long the Necke Grosse and short small was the distaunce betwéene the heart and braine by which appeareth that the skill of the Anathomy is verie necessarie in this Art The shoulder-points were great and eleuateâ— with a largenesse of the breast the part afore named Methaphreâ—on was eminent and fleshy the Hipocondria great the legges short and musculous the armes long grosse or bigge the féet Big and articulated the héeles great the soales of the féet hollow a swiftnes in pace and treading short He bare the head by turning hither and thither after the manner of the Hart ouer all the body he was most hairy hauing a red colour in the Face which notwithstanding was a darke fiery In the hands he had the Cardiacke and middle naturall line very large seperated and were most red with the mensall line naked and alone in the palme of the hands were onely three lines with the rest of the tubercles and other lines infortunated and depressed that denoted a most beluin or brutish nature to consist in that person For as much aâ— Michael Scotus hath friuolously written of the ouer-browes for that cause doth the Physiognomer Cocles writingly ouer-passe his sayings in his Chapter considering they do so farre disagrée from the liuely Art And the learned Ioannes Picus greatly discommendeth this Scotus affirming him to haue written no waightie matters of importance but rather trifles and of these full of superstition Hitherto of the Ouer-browes with the liuely examples described of the Physiognomer much furthering all such as be delighted in the Art next to this doth he speak both of the vses and iudgement of the eie-lids The forme and iudgement of the Eye-liddes and haires of the liddes The 18. Chapter ISydore writeth that nature ordayned the couer of the eies or eie liddes to defende the eies from outwarde harmes as from flyes moths dust strawes and such like that might otherwise fall into them The eie liddes also be the couers with which the eies are couered and of Isydore named the eie liddes in that these â—ouer and hide the eies in saftie For the same cause the like is to be learned and vnderstanded of the nature and diuersitie of the heares as afore in the other chapter of the ouerbroowes Here in this chapter hath the Phisiognomer diligently gathered togither the sayings of the learned Conciliatore and others although but a fewe notes of them were to be founde The eie liddes which on the eie aproched nigh the angle in the lacrimall part if the same be excéeding small and thinne doth denote the disposition of the maner and malice of the forme The cause of the smalnesse of heares doth litle the matter indicate The lacrymall or inner corner of the eie when the same is little and narrowe doth signifie a craftie person as Auicen reporteth primo de Animalibus The vpper eie lidde bearing out rather blowne vp then full appearing and somewhat declining ouer the eie doth argue that person to be hawtie and disdainfull That if the neather eye lidde shall be small narrow drawne togyther in such maner that it couereth but the whyte of the eye doth denote the body to be gouerned of a drinesse of humours If this like hapneth in any cause of verie sharpe passions vnlesse nature hath so wrought the same as Hypocrates wytnesseth doth then pronounce death at hande The auncient Rasis reporteth that when the hâ—ares of the eye liddes so named of the beating of them doe crooke downewards or be naturally wrythed vnto one part doe indicate such a person to be craftie and a lyar Why the liddes are placed on the eyes doth Gulielmus Nurice thus define that by them the condition and qualitie of the eyes might the readier and better be defended and preserued from the outwarde matters euen as the sheath on a sworde for that cause such a person which hath a grosser or thicker eie lidde doth further sée from him for as much as these preserue the light of the eyes from the outwarde heate and cold And of this manye beastes sée further off than men through the grossenesse or thicknesse of the Eye-lids The corners of the eies when they be
delated doe then argue a sicknesse or disease of the eyes And if these haue any flesh bearing out do denote drunkennesse especially when the eyes are bearing out and the eye-lids be dry as in many the like the Phisiognomer hath obserued and noted The vpper eye-lids couering the neather doe argue by the report of Conciliatore Albertus and others long life The corners of the Eyes dylated and large through the cause of a smiling eye doth indicate a letcherous person and this note applyed of the Philosopher to Venus The often beating or panting of the eye-lids doth argue such a person to be fearefull and vexed often with a frenzinesse as Palemon Loxius and sundry others report The eye-lids thin and in health are best commended For these declare a lawdable minde nighest approaching to God through an vpright behauiour The iudgement of the spaces betweene the eye-browes after the mind of Michael Scotus The xix chapter THe spaces betwéene the eye-browes nere ioyning together declare that person to be a niggard enuious very much desirous of beautifull things hauing a strange fortune and more rigorous then gentle in behauiour The spaces betwéene the eye-browes if they be large doth denote such a person to be of a dull capacity yet of a great boldnesse very trustie in néede of a perfit and vpright friendship these hâ—therto Michael Scotus if we may credit the agréement of these sayings The nature and iudgement of the mouings of the eyes The xx Chpter THe Phisiognomers confirme their sayinges by the signes and notes of the eyes in that the notes which are discerned in the eies be figurs and vtterers of the affections of the heart The eye is the instrumentall member of sight whose quality is moist in a round forme figured with a certaine plainnesse and formed with seuen coâ—tes and thrée humors as writeth the learned Sillanus super nono Almansoris The passions of the minde as trouble myrth loue hatred and such like are especially declared and vttered by the eyes after the agréement of all Writers The especiall colours of the eyes are knowne to be foure as the blacke whitish variable and gray as the worthy Canamusalis in libro oculorum cap. tertio reporteth and the like Iehusalis The round forme of the eyes is better moouing perfiter and vncorruptible through the lacking of corners as all the learned agrée in the fame The cornered eyes haue very often superfluous moysture standing in them as writeth the singular Constantine in libro oculorum A perfit forme and condition of the eyes doth denote an honest person as writeth Gulielmus Nurice Conciliatore Albertus and others The eies big and eminent doe argue weakenesse and a féeble courage in that these be so caused bigge thorough the much aboundance of moisture of the brain in which is coldnesse that sheddeth along by the Members and extinguisheth the bloud So thrt such a Braine is more colder and moister than it ought to bee and in such a body should bee the lacke both of naturall bloude and courage And as the spirit and store of bloude procureth boldnesse in men euen so doth the colde and moyst quallity contrarie worke and cause fearefulnesse Rasis reporteth that the Eyes béeing verie eminent and bigge doth argue such a creature to be fearefull and applied to the Hare Cunny and Frogge The eyes outward extended do denote after the mind of Rasis such a person to be foolish but the eyes déep standing doe denote such a person to be subtill and of euil conditions through the part of the wicked quality yet such be of a good sharp sight and sée further than the eminent eyes do in that the visible spirit is more gathered in the déepe eyes and the séeing vertue stronger yea the light is receiued in greater quantity as by experience is known in the Gunner which minding to shoote strait winketh with the one eye like the Carpenter in the laying of his line right Hitherto Auerroys But through the contrary cause such hauing the eies eminent be weake of sight and sée nothing so farre off The large eyes tending into a breadth of the body like to the eyes of the Parthians do indicate the moisture of bodie in that creature Such hauing the eies eleuated and standing hie out do sée from them as aboue vttered but a little way the cause is that when the eye is eminenter it is then further distant from the braine which is noted the Well-spring of the Eyes So that through the farre distance from their Spring that is the braine such eyes are hindered to sée far where otherwise the eyes standing déepe do sée sâ—â—ner and further yet such are noted to be of ill conditions Further conceiue that through the Eminency of the eies diuers matters visible are represented so that such in a short time can iudge of matters They are also bablers through the moist forepart of the fore head And thereby are noted vnshamefast and foolish the selfsame in a maner doth the learned Asculanus write in his mother tongue in libro Cerbae as followeth Gli ochij eminenti et in figura grossi Gli ochij veloci cum lo batter sermo Matri e falsi de mercedae scossi By which he concludeth that such are without discretion thorough the small discourse of vnderstanding He also saith of these that the eyes mouing fast quick procéeding of hotnes argueth irefulnesse luxury and boldnesse aplied to the Hauk and Falcon. The slow moouing of the eyes denoteth coldnes declaring sadnesse and fearfulnes in that creature Such with the eyes moue the eye-lids together are of a weake and féeble mind as Palemon writeth The eies which shut and open together denoteth a wicked and traiterous person If water shall stand in them it argueth a studious person an earnest searcher of Arts as writeth Aristotle Albertus and Phylemo Conciliatore writeth when the eyes are disformally moued that one while they run and another while cease running although by these as yet no wicked fact or mischiefe bee committed or done in cogitation notwithstanding the minde is known to be occupied with the like And such generally the Phisiognomer noted to bee of wicked conditions and prone to some violent shamefull or euill death Yea the Physiognomer hath often times obserued it in many that Rob by the high-way Ptholomy the Phylosopher Writeth that the eyes yellow so that the same procéedeth of no sicknesse doth signify such a person to be a deceyuer and cruell as the Phisiognomer Cocles obserued in sundry Bawds Murderers Further such a colour indicateth the dominion of choler with gret adustion of which occasion cannot otherwise bee caused but the dominion of malignity The eyes mouing swiftly with a sharpnesse of sight are noted théeues vnfaithfull deceyuers yea such a note hath the Phisiognomer séene many which were after hanged One of these was the sonne of M. Iulianus de Pontremulo brought vp and trained couragiously from a child vnder a valiant
vicious person of al others that euer the Phisiognomer vnderstood or knew in his time In a man the face remaineth but the countenance doth alter so that the continuance is named of the Latine word Volando which properly in English signifieth a flying or vanishing away The countinance appearing sowre through the forme and condition of the lips chéekes forehead and grinning doth indicate such a person to bée a foole and franticke at times by the report of the Phisiognomer A chéerefull and smiling countenance séene doth innuate such a Creature to bee giuen vnto mirth and to be libidinous after nature The face often sweating and that of a light or small stirring doth argue hotnesse or a hot condition to consist in that person And such a Creature is knowne of experience to be leacherous gluttonous and a great féeder Of which insueth indigestion and a sicknesse to come as the Phisiognomer hath sundry times noted The face appearing valled or dented in and rather more leane than fat doth innuate such a Creature to be iniurious enuious a lyar contentious cruell yea a Murderer if the same especially be annexed vnto adustion and that the colour be eyther â—anne or yellowe appearing as the same the Physiognomer sundry times hath obserued and knowne And euery countenance when the same apeareth ful of flesh and fat doth denote by the agréement of most Writers such a creature to be sluggish and giuen vnto pleasure and wanton actions The face appearing verie much awrie leane and long procureth after the minde oâ— the Phisiognomer a very rude creature in conditions malicious and â—nuious and the same affirmeth lerned Rasis A sad countenance indicateth sadnes and heauinesse of minde in that creature but the frowning looke dooth denote such a person to be a bethinker and an immaginer of déepe matters yea wily fearfull in actions and indeuoreth himselfe to be crafty The face well proportioned both in the forme of the flesh colour and in the parts connexed doth argue a laudable life or disposition and flowing in Uertues The face séen hollow from the beginning of the forhead vnto the end of the chin that the nose and mouth séeme placed as they were in a valley doth inuate euil conditions especially if the same bée with a wan or adust colour For such hath the phisiognomer known to haue bin murtherers full of words contentious yea Pirats and Théeues Take héed saith Cocles that you be not deceiued in the iudgement of the leprous forasmuch as their eies are rounde and the vaines eminent or bearing outward and a cytrinesse of colour mixed vnto the rednesse and such are caused to be quick of stirring and possesseth a straitnes of the Nosestrils with a most vehement hoarsenesse that it causeth that person as it were to speake thorough the nose The Gums also of such creatures and the ends of their noses are known to be beaten away their skin besides is caused rough and the haires of the ouerbrowes shed away al which by the face may partfull be knowne as the Learned Arnoldus de villa noua reporteth A small face and countenance doth witnesse a small and base wit The countenance formed exceeding big denoteth sluggishnes in actions a dull capacity and foolishnesse What to be noted and iudged of the condition and forme of the Nose and Nosthrils The 22. chapter MAns face aâ—ter the minde of the Methaposcopeâ— is thin and very passible and no part there is of mans body which like expresseth the passion of the mind as the face properly dooth Of which the mind altered by any cause the Methaposcopers can readily espy and iudge The passible place also of the face and the eyes which the Phiâ—osophers name to be the Windowes Messâ—ngers of the mind and next to these is the forehead For we daily see in the place that the vains exteâ—sed in many subiects when such are angry do swell in a maruellous bignes The next passible part is the nose in that the same is Cartilaginous as without flesh except the vertue of ingendring be mighty from the beginning of generation So that this before the other partes causeth mans face especially to be either comely or deformable The nose stretched and retching vnto the mouth with a decent bignes argueth the bignesse of the Cartylage and the multitude or much quantity of flesh which compasseth the same Cartilage in that the same cannot be caused but thorough a great hotnesse For the property of heat is to dilate and lengthen out so that the nose when the same is protensed or stretched vnto the mouth doth indicate the complexion of the whol indiuiduate to be hot of which both honesty and boldnesse procéedeth and is caused in that creature The Nosthrils bigge and large doe witnesse the Testicles great and that such a person to bee leacherous a betrayer deceitfull a lyer enuious couetous a niggard of a grosse wit and somwhat fearefull as certaine report yet the cause of this matter they alleadge not as the Phisiognomer witnesseth Héere the Phisiognomer teporteth that the nature of heate is to dilate but of colde to shrinke and gather together so that thorough the largenesse of the Nosthrilles is the cause of the hot complexion knowne of which the great testicles procéede and luxury in that creature for through the multitude of Sperme must the receptacle of necessity be great and large that the same may receiue and containe the Sperme or matter of the Sperme vnto the digesting of it Of the grose humors is the grosenesse and bignesse of members procured and by the consequent are the Spirites grosse so that of this grosenesse is the rudenesse of wit caused as the Philosopher Aristotle sayth in lib. 2. de part Animalibus cap 4. of which a tenacity and couetousnesse insueth in so much as such cannot thorough the same rightlie Discerne The Nose doth argue the qualitie of the hart in that a big nose doth indicate the hotnes of the hart and yrefulnes in that creature And through this hotnesse after the minde of Conciliatore is the priuity of man inlarged and caused great as aforesaid Of which certaine report these Words in Latine Ad formam nasi dignoscitur hasta Baiardi By alike reason saith the Phisiognomer may a man argue of the womans priuy place in these Latine words Nam mulieris pes est signum oris verendae The nose either big or small dooth argue by the like the mans and womans _____ to be in that the same being great doth procéede of the grosse matter and hâ—at intensed The _____ of the woman is a note of _____ For the _____ long straight and slender dooth like argue _____ to be econtra The measure of _____ is the proportion measure of the _____ of _____ in euery one Of which a learned sayeth in these words Ad formam pedis tu nosces portam mulieris The smalnesse and thinnesse of the skin of r2h _____ of a _____ is onely knowne by the condition
members are knowne of the Phisiognomers to be hot Of which reason how much intentiuer the heat is so much the greter will the resolution of partes be For where a great resolution consisteth there of necessity must insue that a restauration aptly be procured which otherwise cannot be caused but through the benefit and help of meates that ought to be a sufficient quantity of which the spirits are actiuely ingendred and these in great quantity which properlie cause in that Creature ire boldnesse yea quarrelling and fighting Of which it succéedeth that the worthy Philemon Palemon Albertus Conciliatore report that the Creature which hath a great and wide mouth is a gluttonous féeder yet hardy and prone to fight Rasis vttereth the like that the person which hath a great mouth is known to be a gluttonous féeder and bold The mouth formed small is noted to bee of a Feminine nature But the mouth discerned great and wide doth witnesse yre boldnesse quarrelling and fighting such also are knowne by experience to be gluttonons feeders The mouth hauing a small closing and opening doth denote such a creature to be peaceable yet many times found vnfaithfull and faint harted the reason of this contrarie is the same which was aboue vttered of the Phisiognomer The mouth in the proper sight or being hauing a séemly quantity in the greatnesse with the lips thinne and appearing small in the closing and to these the eies shewing smilingly with the rest of the face agréeable answering doth indicate a libidinous person a Cynede or an effeminate Creature and a lyar as the worthy Conciliatore in his Rubrike of Phisiognomy vttereth A small mouth in forme appearing prominent outward doth denote wicked conditions in that person to be false in promise and a betrayer The mouth discerned small hauing thin lippes doth witnesse a féeble mind and courage but this person is deceitfull and malicious Where or in whom the mouth shall appeare very farre bearing out and round with a thicknes of â—he lips and that the vpper lip foldeth outward is or the forme applied of the Philosopher vnto the Hog and signifieth by the agréement of Authors that such a creature is nasty péeuish cruel and a foole as the Phisiognomer hath often times noted The best conditioned mouth after the agréement of the Phisiognomers is when the same appeareth not ouer moist in that the moysture of the mouth and lips doth argue fearefulnesse and malignity in that Creature as the worthy Albertus reporteth and the same the Phisiognomer Cocles affirmeth The mouth that sauoureth sweâ—â—e especiallie in the breathing doth indicate an honest person witty both in the giuing and retaining warie seâ—ret coueting faiâ—e thinges and faithfull yet easily led eyther vnto the good or euill through his light â—eléeuing if wee may credite Michaell Scotus The mouth that sauoureth ill in the breathing doth denote such a Creature to be diseased in the Liuer besides of a grosse vnderstanding lightlie crediting of a base wit a coueter of other mens goodes lasciuious deceitfull a lyar a teller of vaine matters and newes if Michaell Scotus may be beléeued Whose mouth in the speaking is drawn awry is noted of experience to be diseased with a rewine distending from the head yet is the same eyther stronger or weaker procured euen as in the doubling vnto the other proportions and this of obseruation doth the Phisiognomer Cocles witnesse The iudgement of the forme and condition of the lips The xxvii chapter AT the end of the Jawes are the Lippes formed which are compouned of a soft flesh in that these by a double motion are aptly moued as in the one by a proper manner vpward and in the other by the motion downeward and these caused by motion of the iawes from one to the other both in the closing and opening which is the cause why the lips are named to haue a good and perfit motion The vtility of them by the agréement of all the Phisiognomers is and seruech for the furthering and helping of speech and that these may through the help of the Jawes aptly well close together for the better beséeming of the countenance The colour of the lips toward the opening of the mouth is red thorough many veines of bloud deriued vnto that place the note of which is in that these often and much in quantity bléede and are of a light cause broken and quickly cut off The common hurts there hapning are especially cured after the minde of the Phisiognomer with the same named the Practitioners Mel Rosatum for he reporteth that he hath often experienced the same in many subiects There may Notes also bee gathered in conceiued by the colour of the Lippes for that the naturall colour in the edges of the Lippes after the minde of Constantine ought to bee redde through the thinnesse of skinne which lightly of the heat or colour of the blood receiueth a Rosâ—e quality Of which the worthy Constantine reporteth that the rednesse of the lippes indicateth the purenesse of complexion and the vnmixing together of troubled blood and the note both of good strong vertue in that Creature The wannesse of the lips argueth the contrary to the same aboue in that the vertue of blood and naturall heate is lacking in that creature so that such hauing the like lips are noted to be sicke as the worthy Rasis reporteth When the lips are formed big these do represent the multitude of matter drawne vnto them through heat and the grossenesse or bignesse of them is caused through the grosse humours and spirits of which the dulnesse of wit and foolishnes ensueth procured by reason of the hotnesse except the neather lip be discerned loose hanging and watry running But if the lip be discerned vpright and thicke in forme that is compact or stiffe in such a person doth the Phisiognomer of experience apply there the Planet Mars A like reason the Phisiognomer vttered that when the mouth is formed great if that the lippes appeare loose and hanging in that part of the Creature is the Moone of him and others aptly applyed The neather lippe decerned loose hanging and that the same appeareth very red in colour dooth argue hapning in the woman to bee a most sure note of the great desire vnto the veneriall act and shamefastnesse in that Creature as the same the Phisiognomer Cocles noted in a famous Curtizane of Rome named Isabella di Luna The like note séene in Children signifyeth the Creature in time to grow and become a Cynede or effeminate person especially if the countenance and eies appeare smiling and the creature growne vnto a ripe age as Cocles reporteth that hee noted in a certaine Noble-man of the like condition In briefe all the other members according to the nature and property of them are each attributed vnto his proper Planet as shall after appeare in the third Booke of the Physiognomers to come forth intituled the Phisiognomy of the Planets The worthy Loxius Philemon Plato Aristotle
actions The chin formed as the same were parted in two by a certain valley or dâ—â—â—â—ng in doth argue as Michael Scotus vttereth that person to be of a grosse wit vaine lightly câ—editing a great surmiser yet congruently seruiceable to another quiet and secret for the more part in his doings The chinne decerned sharpe and thinne in the quantity of flesh doth after Michael Scotus denote such a Creature to be bolde and couragious a Quarreller sometimes and fighter irefull disdainfull weake in strength and contented after a manner to serue for the reliefe of liuing The chin seen crooking vp with a hollownesse in the knitting of the Jawes and leane of Flesh that the same appeareth as it were formed sharp doth witnesse after the minde of Scotus such a person to be wicked enuious of a simple wit a niggard deceitfull soone angry ireful a surmiser bold proud a threatner a betrayer and a theefe these hitherto Michael Scotus The condition and iudgement of the Beard The xxxiij Chapter THe Beard in man after the agreement of the ancient writers beginneth to appeare in the neather Jawe which so ascendeth toward the Temples through the heat and moysture carried vnto the same from the report of the head drawn from the â—enitours which 〈◊〉 to 〈◊〉 especially the Sperme from those â—laces which nâ—â—e is by reason the spermaticallâ—â—eines doe dâ—â—â—eâ—â—d vnto the same place as the like appeareth in theâ—â— which ouer-much exercise 〈◊〉 whose faâ—â—s by the meanes are after 〈◊〉 â—razed and alâ—ered As touching the womaâ—s testicles in that theâ—e are but weake for the same 〈◊〉 are they known not to be bearded And such Women which are found to haue these hotter then the 〈…〉 haue also somewhat of the reflexed matter 〈◊〉 the same place whence the Sperme moâ—â— cheefâ—â—ie commeth This reflexed heat saith the Conâ—â—â—atore draweth with it the moysture of whiâ—â— in them 〈◊〉 engendered the thin and small hâ—â—res of the Beard and this especially verified in them which vse often very much â—oeaâ—â—ig For which cause the sanguine bodies that haue a thin beard and mean of length are indicated to be creatures which often and greatly desire to coeate through the common of the heaâ— and moisture consisting in thâ—â— them Héere conceiue saith the Phisiognomer that such haires doe procéede and appeare through the superfluousnesse of meates and the fumosities of them which daily ascend on high vnto the parts of the Lawes much like to the smoak of an Oueâ—heated that passeth so long through the Chinkes of the same vntill those passages through the heat are wholly stopped that no more smoake can after passe through them Euen the liâ—e do the fumosities of man issue foorth into the manner of haires which are properly named the hairs of the Beard The colour of the Beard doth sometimes expresse the qualities and quantities of the humors yet hitherto hath not the same béene heard of that any man saw a flaxen white Beard for as much as the flegmaticke humor is not found so mighty as to engender haires of the like colour through the depriuing and lacke of naturall heat to eleuate the sufficient matter vnto the engendring of the like coloured haires Héere perhaps some will argue and affirme saith the Phisiognomer that there is sundry times séene Women bearded yet these are not â—ound of a Flegmaticke qualitie but rather the same doth happen in that the humors are so subtil that of Nature such are procured to bée hot For out of these Creatures doe haires spring yea they sometimes appeare on their Jawes but properly these appeare about the mouth where the more heate doth abound and suâ—h Women séene the like is named of all men bearded héere conceiue saith Cocles that the like Woman found is iudged to be very luxurious through her heat and moyst quality of which the like Creature séen is not onely strong of nature but to be of a stout courage and manly in her facts The perfit woman is known to be sufficiently naked of haires especially about the mouth such a creature after Phisiognomy is reported to be of a good quality that is to say bashfull fearefull honest weake of courage gentle of behauiour and obedient Héere saith the Phisiognomer doth a solemne doubt arise and the same is why men are séene bearded and not women for the more part which doubt séemeth to be put forth by the learned Gulielmus Nurice to which Cocles aunswereth in this manner that the same may bée gathered to procéede of the efficient the materiall and small cause for as much as these properly serue vnto an ornament and comely beautifying of the Woman and in euerie kinde the Males are séene comelier beautified with the same than the Females Which condition of the haires properlie serueth vnto a defence of the iawes in man that the Woman for the like defence and necessitie nothing néedeth at the least so much as the Man through which the sense of feeling is knowne to be of greater force in Man So that the Man by this reason may better endure to goe bareheaded and naked in other partes in the bitter cold weather than the Woman and suffer greater stormes on the Bodie than shée may without harme to ensue A stronger reason may be rendered and giuen of the efficient and materiall cause séeing the Males in generall are knowne to be hotter than the Females For which cause the Fume in men that is the matter procuring the Haires is found both more and mightyer than in women which séeing the same is known not able to be consumed for that cause God and nature together ordained two apt places in man for the passages of them as the one by the head and other fitly by the chin and iawes which forme the beard of man Which manner of fumes consisting in the woman for as much as they appearâ— not to bee so many and mighty as well knowne they are to rest in the man for this cause are these properly and naturally sent forth by the head And a note of the like effect wee sundry times know and sée by Women found of a hot and moyst complexion that appeare bearded wee sée contrariwise that in the colde and dry men these for the more part haue very little or no Beards By which reason we gather saith the Phisiognomer that the séemely Beard waxeth not in the gelded person for as much as those parts haue then lost the benefit of their hotter qualitie through which these should engender the hot humors and fumes that properly are the matter of the haires in them And by a like reason of the former wordes it appeareth that the thicknesse of the Beard and great hairinesse in general is an euident note and iudgement of the substantiall heate and moisture and of naturall strength consisting in that Creature Héere may this argument also be propowned that séeing Children are knowne to bee hot and moyst why they waxe not bearded as men to which the Phisiognomer
thus answereth that the smoky superfluousnesse which is the especiall matter of the haires that issueth from the heade other parts of the bodye dooth passe and serue for their increase and norishment The lâ—ke affirmeth that singular Constantine Conceiue saith the Phisiognomer that how much the force and plenty of heat consisteth by so much more the quantity of haires succeeds in that person For which cause a man must carefullie beware of those which ouermuch abound in the store and plenty of haire â—on the body when the complexion of such is especially found adust Cocles willeth a man to beware of such which haue red beards for that the said colour indicateth an aboundance of adustion and a mighty hotnesse to consist in these creatures thorough which such are knowne to be â—â—iurious deceiuers and liars and in them by report of the Phisiognomer doe the principall heap of vices rest vnlesse that grace and godly education seeme otherwise to contrarie the same The beard decerned comly and well fashioned doth innuate such a creature to be of a good nature of reasonable conditions congruent to all thinges and manured after his bringing vp Contrariwise iudge of those which haue the bearde not séemely formed or euill fashioned in the length as appear thin the gelded persons which after these are depriued of their genitors be then greatly chaunged from the nature of men into the condition of women as reporteth Aristotle in libro de Animalibus Cocles obserued in sundry subiects which hauing long and séemly beards after certainâ— years fell into a frensinesse and some of them to be 〈◊〉 foolish He further saith that he knew sundry persons which hauing very long beards fell from good estate vnto oppressed miseries yea he also knewe certain noble persons which 〈◊〉 expel◠〈…〉 â—â—â—tiue country of Italy The like iudgement sayeth the Phisiognomer may in a manner be vttered of hoary beards as aforesaide in the Chapter of the haires in generall forasmuch as their nature is then knowne to draw néere the Womans The forme and iudgement of the throat The 34. Chapter THe throat cléere and white whether it be lean or fat argueth such to be vainglorâ—ous feareful enuious lasciuious prone to lying congruently wary and circumspect yet very yrefull and long hating if we may credit Michael Scotus The throat leane and thin so that the vaines appear argueth after the mind of M. Scotus hard fortune to be fearful sluggish a grosse féeder lightly crediting weake of courage and conuertible either to good or euill The throat rough denoteth an vnconstant person a trifler full of wordes presumptâ—â—â—â—â—y talking applied for the forme to the birds If the canell bone of the throate with the sinnewes eminent and lightly mouing withall indicateth such a creature not only rash of his toong but occupied in haughty cogitations And when this person hath well filled himselfe with Wine doth then mourne and is also suspitious prone to yre and of himselfe by property a sad drunkard The canell bone of the thrâ—at séene eminent or bearing out doth indicate a sluggish person iniurious and slowe in his actions after the minde of the Phisiognomer The canell bone of the 〈◊〉 well fashioned and comely in fight argueth strength stoutnes of courage nimblenes in actions and indued by report of the Phisiognomer with wisedome The condition and iudgement of the necke The xxxv Chapter But the Phisiognomers in their iudgements doe distinguish the Neck and Nape in the hinder part For in the fore-part they take 〈…〉 weasand the throat-â—â—le and whole 〈…〉 the roote of the conioyned according to the minde of the philosopher The like words vttreth Isidore in libro 11. cap. 1. This named the necke in that the same is formed stiffe and round as a piller to bâ—are vp the head whose forepart of him râ—â—ned aptly the throat and the hinder part not without good reason the necke This singuler Isidore reporteth that such a person hauing the necke formed bigge not by reason of the fleshinesse but thorough the bignes of the bâ—nes and sinnewes is denoted strong of Bodie applied for the same vnto the male kind and acording to the conditions of the spirite in that the male after the kind is knowne to haue a big and liuely necke the lame neither short nor formed too long which by agréement of the most Phisiognomers indicateth a hot quality and boldnes in that creature The second note séemeth to be that such hauing the neck formed long and slender are iudged to be feminine in conditions and weakeâ— corage The necke discerned big and liuely as aforesaide doth denote the strength of the Brain and by the conseâ—uent a hotnes of the heart as all men are like knowne in their kind The necke long and slender signifieth the contrary vnto the abouesaid that is the weaknes of body and to be faiâ—â— hearted Such hauing the necke formed big through a fleshinesse and not by reason of the bignesse of the sinnewes and bones as Rasis addeth found hard and strong and knowne to bée irefull applied for the same vnto the apparant congruency of the irefull Bulles prouoked or stirred to ire which then haue such a forme and condition of the neck and as Rasis addeth such also are knowne to bee rash and hasty in their déeds The necke dererned sufficient big not by reason of the fleshinesse but through cause of the sinnewes and Bones and sufficient long séene are reported to be bolde and stowte of courage applyed for the forme vnto the stowte Lyon This especiallie is verified when the Head and Necke is orderly proportioned in such manner that the same be of a meane bignes as the learned Conciliatore and Constantine write The forme of the head if the same shall be of a meane bignesse and the necke formed somewhat bigge doth indicate a goodnesse of the quality and disposition If the head shall be decerned small the neck séene bigge doth denote the abundance of matter and the superfluousnesse of the same the lacke also of the Vertue performing in the due proporâ—â—on Such a heade as certaine report is manie times grieued with much pain and the Cephalick passion The necke discerned very long and slender as aboue vttered is iudged fearefull applied for the forme vnto the Hart in that the Hart is knowne to be a beast very fearefull and hath a verie long necke and small formed in the respect of his body and greatnesse Yet the necke formed slender and long and that he beareth it vpright in his going dooth indicate not so much fearefulnesse to consist in that person as aboue reported of the Hart. The necke séene very short doth innuate such a person to be a deceiuer and very crafty applyed for the forme vnto the Wolfe And this note héere taken of the apparant manner séene both in men and beastes in that a person minding subtiltie to set vpon another whether the same be his enemy or otherwise attempting vpon pleasure doth
as the saâ—e the Phisiognomer Cocles obserued in many subiects For which cause this Cocles warneth a man especially to eschew the fellowship company of such which of nature are wry necked and haue a drawing in or narrownesse to be decerned betwéene the shoulder poyntes in that these are knowne to be wicked persons enuious fraudulent and hypocrites as the same the Phisiognomer Cocles obserued in sundry of the obseruant brothers in his time and in many Melancholicke persons The necke formed in a mean manner both in the bignesse and length doth demonstrate such a person to be strong of nature apt to learne and of a singuler wit but these oftentimes are known to haue a subtill or crafty wit and to be deceitfull The condition and iudgement of the shoulder points The xxxvi Chapter HEre conceiue saith the Phisiognomer that such persons hauing the shoulder paints sufficiently distant from the knottinesse or spondile of the neck which first appeareth aboue the sholders where the sholder points or neck are continuated and not to neare ioyned to it are of a good nature and hauing ripe or good senses and by the consequent of a good vnderstanding The Philosopher in Methaphoricis vttereth a reason of this saying that the shoulder points being sufficiently soluble that is sufficiently distant from the spondile or knottinesse in such manner that the space betwéene them be equall do denote that such indiuiduates readily receiue that is easily the sensitiue motion For these haue the note or sensitiue power easily moueable that is lightly reducible from the power vnto the act of perceiuing But such which about the spondiles of the necke appeare hidden are noted to be persons lacking wit forasmuch as these hardly being soluble which about the knottinesse are decerned weake to receiue the motion of the senses The Shoulder pointes decerned sufficiently distaunt-asunder doe denote such a Creature to bee liberall after Nature applied for the same vnto the decent apparancy and forme for that liberality aunswereth and agreeth to such a forms and the like formed are the Shoulder-points of the Lion by the report of the Phisiognomer The shoulder points néere adioyning togither do contrariwise signify niggardship and vncourtesie to rest in that person The shoulder points appearing sufficiently distant asunder and decently spaced from the knot or ioynt of the neck argueth such a person to be of a simple perseuerance and vnderstanding and by the consequent knowne to be a dullard as the lerned Aristotle writeth The Shoulder-points after the minde of the Phylosopher well brawned with an eminencie or bearing out of the fleshe and these strong formed are applyed after Nature vnto the Male-kind Forasmuch as the nature of the muscle is to possesse the ingendred hotnes strong and of the reason of the heate is thus procured to encrease the forme of the members according to euery Diameter The shoulder-points discerned bigge and large in forme doe indicate a hotnesse to consist in that creature The strength of euery person consisteth in the sinnewes and bones for which cause when the muscles are sufficiently formed Fleshy then must néeds insâ—â— a mighty strength to consist both in the sinnewes and bones of which the spirit combyned in 〈◊〉 an habitudeâ—â— body may well exercise and attâ—mpt or do strange actions if néede reâ—uireth Of which Rasis reporteth that the Shoulder-points discerned large do indicate a strong person of an honest mind oâ— good conditions and perfect vnderstanding The reason of this is in that through the bredth of the shoulder points the muscles are indicated to be large and strong proceeding from a strong beginning that is in the brain wher the beginning consisteth of the sinewes and the seate of the spirits So that of necessity the forme of the 〈◊〉 must be â—apeable to the retaining of the goodnes of the senses as the Phisiognomer saith The muscles weak of strength so as the shoulder-points appeare flat and as it were couâ—â—ed with a softnes of flesh argueth a flegmatick quality of the contrary nature to rest in that creatuâ—â— and if these appear without a softnes they import the like quality as saith the Phisiognomer Rasis reporteth that the shoulder-points formed thin indicateth the smalnesse of wit and vnderstanding Cocles reports that he knew and saw sundry women in his time which drew by Art through their bestiall inâ—â—â—ents the shoulder-pointes so neare together that they formed in a manner the like vnto Os vontris in the part behind and they garnished or beautified these with Cosmeticall waters This Cocles also noted sundry Italians and fond French men which he aptly nameth by that by-word Hermaphroditi that exercised the like practise with their shoulder-points A matter which séemeth in my opinion incredible to be exercised of any faithfull Christian but the Phisiognomer séemeth truly to vtter what hee saw and knew in sundry places The bearing of the heads â—f the shoulder points very faire out doe denote â—oolishnesse to consist in that creature which manner Aristotle reporteth vnto King Alexander to be a note of rigorousnes and vnfaithfulnesse to dwell in that person The Phisiognomer Cocles vttereth of experience knowne that hee sildome saw any person beeing crooke backed which were of a good nature but that these hauing the like bearing out or bunche on the shoulders were rather Trayterous and verie wicked in their actions And such saith the Phisiognomer were knowne in his time to bee the founders of all wicked deceits yea wily vn deminers and gropers of the people and had a déepe retching wit and wylie fetches in wicked actions So that it seemeth impossible after Nature that such deformed persons should possesse in them lawdable actions forasmuch as the spirite connexed in such an habitude dooth yéelde a retrograde forme and property which saith the Phisiognomer is knowne for the most part to bee Melancholicke For which cause a man ought carefully to beware and take héede of fellowshipping or kéeping Company with such vnfortunate personnes for the abouesaide reason and Worke of Nature For these sayeth the Physiognomer are the like to bée eschewed as a man of skill would refuse and shun the companie of a person lacking any chéef or principall Member of the Bodie And the like Aristotle in secretis secretorum saith that a man ought verie diligently and carefully to beware of such an vnfortunate person lacking any speciall member as much as he would of his most dangerous Enemies The Prouerbe also warneth vs to beware of the creatures marked and in another place of the persons marked in any member that a man trust not them The reason is for that the Spirits like insue vnto the forme of the body so that out of an euill shaped body can no lawdable actions proceed or be caused as afore vttered and this of him vttered Phisiognomically The Philosopher also vttereth that the great number of Children liuing is cause many tymes of the ill hap of Parents For these lacking prouision for their
naturall sustenance are caused to worke mischiefes not tollerable by lawe For the Phisiognomer learned and saw sundry times that diuers fathers of many Children not able to prouide sustenance for them were constrained throgh great néede to steale through which practise exercised their Children like endeuoured for the helpe of their parents néede and confessed a lyke matter at the place of execution So that the Philosopher giueth or sheweth this not as an inâ—orced precept but rather peâ—swadeth that in the cause of a necessitie the same to be procured as a rule in miserie which to the beholder may lyke appeare And the Mother Philosopher Asculanus vttereth a sum of the matter afore taught Ben se voria plicar li cinqui rami Metendo el primo fra le do piu apresso Dicendo hor toi poi che tanto mami Poi laltre cinque del sinistro tronco Volatere in verso gliochij de si stesso Chi mai si fida in rosso guercio e cionco By which he concludeth that no trust is to bée had in those women and men heing red of colour and gogle eyed or one eyed and bunch backeâ— also the reason is allâ—adged in the same booke where he reporteth these wordes Quando tu vidi quisti zoppi e glombi Impio fo el segno de la parte Et anche quisti cum li flexi lombi Defecto corporal fa lalma ladra In pegiorando dicon le lor carte Sonno superbi e de la mala quadra The shoulder-pointes well formed both in the length and breadth doe denote a good disposition and nature to consist in that Creature after the minde of the Learned Conciliatour The shoulder-points discerned thin in the composition of nature do signifie such an one to bee a niggard couetous and fearful in attempts or Enterprises The shoulder points beeing formed vnequall signisieth the vnequall actions of such a Creature and dull of capacity The shoulder points being thin and leane doe witnesse as Michael Scotus reporteth a weake person féeble of courage fearefull not wel bearing or enduring earnest labour lightly crediting quiet of behauiour and conuertible either vnto good or euill The shoulder points formed large and bigge through the flesh signifieth as writeth Michaell Scotus a strong person faithfull yet a niggarde grosse of wit féeding simple well enduring painfull labour féeding sufficiently and willingly desiring quietnesse The Shoulder pointes appearing bended inward doth intimate after the minde and opinion of Scotus such a person to be wary sluggish and after a manner ingenuous secret and an vndergroper of men The Shoulder-pointes discerned flat lying in a manner to the bodie do signifie as affirmeth Michael Scotus a simple person a niggard Laborious modest both in his talke and feeding and quiet of behauiour yet creâ—yting lightly and conuertible eyther vnto the good or euill The shoulder points decerned vnequall that the one be bigger or larger than the other doo denote a sluggishe person of a grosse wytte of a dull capacitie and vnderstanding simple grosse in féeding yea a nyggard deceytfull a betrayer bolde and hardly credyting if wee maye credite Scotus in these The shoulder pointes séene farre bearing out doe wytnesse â—uch a person as affirmeth Michael Scotus to be of an open lyfe in his conditions that is to say vaine simple vnstable a lyar enuious bolde vnshamefast and a brawler The iudgement of the Armes The xxxvii Chapter THe Armes so long that the handes reache vnto the knées doe denote the subtilnesse of wit arrogancie and the desire to rule Aristotle reporteth that these notes séeme to signifie boldenesse honestie with a liberalitie The lyke long armes some suppose that the mightie king Alexander had Nor it is vnlike to that which the sonne of Zachariâ— affirmeth that in some to argue arrogancie and in othersome a desire to rule and gouern and in both a boldnesse and stowt courage The selfe-same reporteth Albertus in de Animalibus and in compendio suae Theologiae and like Hieronimus de Manfredis and the Learned Rasis For that lengthening out and longnesse of the armes proceedeth of the great heat of the hart with a moisture proportioned which is the chéefest cause of the lengthning out as may well bee comprehended by the former Wordes of the Phisiognomer When such a length or longnesse is extended vnto the thighes or hammes it doth intimate wicked conditions and such as reioyce at other mens harmes in that those persons are excéeding malicious and enuious And some affirmeth that this note doth argue fearfulnes also to be ignorant and a louer of discord Such which with a gréedie desire to meate doe bring the mouth to the hands being especially caused through the shortnesse of the armes and euill forme of the hands not orderly wrought are iudged to be wicked and enuious for that enuy is the daughter of coldnesse and drinesse the plannet Saturne engendring her The Armes thinne or slender if they shall bee weake doe witnesse a rude person and vnapt to learne The armes bigge through the bones sinnues and flesh doe indicate a strong nature and if the vaines appeare it doth then declare a hot quality When the armes are bigge with soft flesh doe then demonstrate a womanly Nature The Physiognomers report that the Armes verie hayrie doe denote such a person to bee Luxurious Aristotle vnto King Alexander writeth that when such a Person whiles he talketh mooueth the hands too and fro is iudged enuious a deceyuer and one pleasant in words Such a person which refraineth mouing of the handes whiles he talketh is argued to be of a perfect vnderstanding well disposed of a singular wit and readie counsell verie commendable the reason doth the Physiognomer vtter in the Chapter of the Paces The perfect length of euerie person after the minde of Albertus in compendio suae Theologiae in accounting from the top of the forhead and beginning of the Crefi of the bead vnto the sole of the foote is noted to bee so much these beeing of sound limbes and composition as is the space discerned betwéene the two ends of the middle Fingers the armes right retched out The armes so long that béeing stretched out reach to the knées which seldome so hapneth doth then denote such a person to be liberall bold high-minded of a gréedie desire weake of body simple of wit foolish and vaine-glorious as Writeth Michael Scotus The armes ouer short in respect of the stature of the body do signifie a contentious person vnthankefull bold enuious prowd foolish and a niggard as affirmeth Scotus The armes bigge through the bones sinewes and much fleshe do signifie a person sufficient strong prowd of a light cause presumptuous enuious desirous of bewtifull things and lightly crediting as writeth Michaell Scotus The armes fatte and brawned doe signifie a person vaine glorious coueting pleasaunt things and more foolishe than wittie in the doing of things as witnesseth Michael Scotus The armes very hearie whether they be leane or fatte
and mouing forward of the spirites If this shaking or quiuering of the hands shall be very strong the same is a note of a corrupt quality and such a person is lightly angry Melancholicke desirous of many and diuers things and malicious The hands hollow in the Paulmes with a goodnesse and eminency of the Montes and proportion of the lines is an assured note of long liâ—e But if contrary to this you finde the hande then iudge the contrary The Fingers of what forme so euer they bee with the ioynts grosse or bigge doe indicate miserie and misfortune as the Physiognomer hath many times noted Héere conceiue that by the forme of the Fingers a man may lâ—ke distinguish three Ages in euery creature as the Physiognomer taughâ— vs before in thâ— Physiognomy of the lines séene in the forhead In holding the handes vpright and close together against the light marke where anie open place appeareth and at that age the misfortune of the creature shal happen This maner of accounting must begin from the first ioynt of the fore middle finger in proceeding like vnto the ends of the fingers and on such wise consider along from Finger to Finger where any open place is for at that age where the space signifyeth shall the misfortune come and on such wise may the fortune misâ—ortune of the thrée ages be known and found If the closing or shutting together of the Fingers be whole with a most comely forme of the ioynts doâ—h denote a singuler fortune to that person especially if the annexed do answere the like The learned Albertus and Conciliatore write that when the Fingers be so full and rounde that lifted vppe before the eye a man cannot see betweene them doe indicate a couetous person and malicious If the Fingers stretched out these bende toward the backe of the hand do argue such a person to bee vniust subtill and witty especially if the Fingers be slender If any whiles he walketh dooth of a custome shut the thumbe within the fingers is noted to be a couetous person as the like the Physiognomer obserued in a certaine Lumbard The Fingers long do like argue the length of the eares of the Liuer and the bignesse of the Fingers do like denote the largenesse of the eares of the liuer But the smalnesse of them as Albeâ—tus reporteth doth like signify the eares of the Liuer to be little the selfsame vttereth Auicen and Galen in libâ—o regâ—â— If any shall haue red hands whither the same be man or woman is of nature noted Sanguine and Luxurious as writeth the learned Formica and the same a truth knowne Ptholomie the Phylosopher vttereth that the creature which hath the vpper ioynts of the Fingers grosse or bigge and turning backewarde doth denote that if he shall then be rich within a period and a certaine time after to become poore or else by some misfortune shall be short liued The hands crooked in the length is a note as some Authors write of sodain death and this in sundry hath bin noted Forasmuch as some are found to haue six fingers on one hand as the two last toward the eare Finger in like maner lined yet in the greatnes diuers the ioynts and Nayles séemely formed and proportioned through the goodnesse of the matter And the first person which I saw and considered before the presence of M. Iulius Vitalis was a Jew named Helias After him many others whose names for breuitie the Physiognomer omitteth and this person hee beheld in the City of Bononie Thus briefely the Physiognomer Cocles endeth this Chapter of the hande and Fingers crauing pardon of the Reader if the same be vnperfectly or superfluously handled The forme and iudgement of the nailes of the Fingers The xxxix Chapter THe Prince of the laters Writers both of Phisiognomy and Paulmestry affirmeth that the Nayles and the same a trueth are produced or do proceed of the superfluities of the heart in that the heart is found the nobler member of action so that by them is somewhat to be vttered Hee also reporteth in differentia 54. that the naile is a body extensed thinne produced and caused of the superfluities and hardned on the fingers ends for a speciall helpe to them being there scituated and groweth on the Fingers ends Toes â— as the heares vttermost of the skin do occupy on the body Also Auicen vttereth that the nayles both on the Fingers and toes were ordained in the endes of theâ—e members the better to strengthen for to take and holde thinges firmely and to couer the flesh at the ends which ioyntly being well matched giue a more strength This well appeareth in thâ—t if any of the small bones be lacking at the ends of any of the toes or fingers then like doe the nailes lacke at the endes of those members as the same may euidently appeare in any large scarre in the flesh where after groweth no haires to be seene The manner also of the Originall and cause of those nailes is proportionall to the production of the haires through the grosser superfluities not so much adust The nailes plaine white soft and thin reddish and sufficient cleare do indicate a singular wit in that person and this is one of the Notes which very seldome faileth forasmuch as such nailes do procéed of the best quality as Albertus reporteth so that the spirites which produce the Nailes declared from the heart are cleare and thinne thorough whose superfluity are the Nails engendred The nailes rough and hard doe denote such a person to be prone to the veneriall act as the learned Morbeth reporteth The nailes ouer short do argue wickednesse in that creature And the blacke small and bending nailes do argue impudency compared to the greedy catching fowles These also after the minde of the Physitians with a leannesse of the Fingers do witnesse a consumption of the body When the nailes fall off without cause doe threaten the Leapry to come or neere at hand as the learned Conciliatore vttereth The Childe borne without Nayles or hauing them but weak doth witnesse the mother to haue vsed the ouermuch eating of Salt as witnesseth the Philosopher Aristotle in septimo de natuta animalium cap. 4. The nailes in the middle déep grosse or big and thicke do denote a rude person and knowing little especially if the flesh about the Fingers endeâ— be high and grosse Ptholomy the Phylosopher reporteth that thâ— Nayles long do signifye pouertie to that Person and to liue in bare estate or Beggeâ—ie all his lifâ— time The same is confirmed of Pontius Gallicus Certaine Authors affirme that whose nayle of the fingers of the left hand grow faster then thâ— right witnesseth pouerty the like if the nailes 〈◊〉 without colour I much maruell sayth the Physiognomeâ— that all the legitimate authours doe affirme thâ—â— the white prickes in the Nailes to signify happâ—â—nesse and friends which as it should séeme hatâ— many times bin obserued and noted and iudgâ— of the Physiognomer
The back large and vnextensed doth denote strength arrogance and the vehemencie of a strong yre The neather part of the back bone if the same lyeth broad to the buttocks be compassed with a soft flesh doth indicate an effeminate person compared to the woman But if the same appeareth long and shall ende sharpe at the ende doth argue wantonnesse vnto the veneriall act yet with a temperancy and feaâ—efulnesse Such also hauing a great large and strong ioynted back are reported strong econtra But broad thinne narrow and flatiâ— doe indicate weakenesse These hitherto Conciliatore Certaine report that the backe bone hearie leane and very much eleuated or bearing out froÌ„ the equallitie of partes to denote such a person to be vnshamefast malicious rude of a dull capacitie weake of small labour and sluggish Whose back bone is decerned bigge and fatte doth argue such a person to be variable sluggishe and very craftie or full of deceite The backe bone thinne long and leane doth signifie such a person to be weake of a light cause fearefull vaine contentious and very light of beliefe The backe bone from the shoulder points vnto the girdlestéede when it is short and sufâ—icient broade doth denote such a person to be hasty in the venerall action as the Phisiognomer oftentimes noted in sundry persons Here conceaue that the backe bone is mente and reckoned from the shoulder points vnto the gyrdlesteede Of which is to be noted that the backe bone be large doth then argue the breast the ribbes flanckes to be large and of necessity it ensueth that the composition of Nucha the neck to be strong with a decent forme of the head And the inner members haue their receptacles great and the knittings of the motiue sinewes are of a due proportion Et econtra contrarium denotatur By the loynes the ingenious Phylosopher Aristotle meaneth from the gyrdlesteede vnto the beginning of the buttockes So that when the same place hath a largenesse doth argue strength in that creature through the plentie of muscles and such are delighted in the hunting of beastes and applyed to the Lyon and Greyhound in the forme The condition and iudgement of the breast throate and pappes The xliii chapter THe breast is that part which containeth the spirituall members for that in it are certaine partes containing and certaine contained The partes containing are fâ—wer that is the fleshe the brawny part the pappes and the bones The partes contained are eyght that is the hart the lungs the pannycles the ligaments the sinewes the veynes the arteries and Hysophagus The Phylosopher Aristotle vnto King Alexander vttereth that the largenesse of the breast and bignesse of the shoulders and back doe argue such a pâ—rson to be honest bolde of a ready vnderstanding and witty The worthy Conciliatore reporteth that when the â—eather part about the veysande the shoulders and breast shall be euill distinguished and flatte doe signifie the rudenesse of witte and foolishnesse and that such a person not to be apt to attaine any speciall handy craft When the weysande beneath shall be farre dystant from the shoulders and large doth denote such a person to be of a féeble courage The weysand being a meane doth then argue such a person to be honest conditioned and strong These hytherto Conciliatore Here conceaue that the weysande appearing emynent and large doth denote an effeminate person especially if he be double chinned The breast large and well proportioned with the other parts large is a most perfit and true note to be conceiued in euery creature forasmuch as this largenesse of the breast is proper to man The breast thinne and weake compowned doth argue a weake courage and will after the minde of certaine Authors The breast thick couered with fleshe doth denote such a person to be vngratefull as the Physiognomer reporteth Whose breast is mightily bending in and that the Muscles so procéeding that through these are caused lyke to an hollownesse doth denote a peruerse person and wicked When this is bery emynent the heart of such a person is hote of a small vnderstanding and dayly wéepeth or singeth Rasis affirmeth that the qualitie of the heart if it shall be hote doth argue the pulse to be quicke mouing and often and the breath fast Much heare séene on the breast and thick and that in the féeling the same perceiued hote such a qualitie of the heart doth demonstrate that person to be bolde sturdie and very yrefull The composition of the body both in the bignesse and smalnesse is to be considered for that the same demonstrateth the qualitie of the heart So that the breast formed big doth argue properly the hotenesse and bignesse of the heart and this the more confirmed if with the same the head appeareth small or that it be not big which iâ— iâ— shall so be a man néedeth not to haue regarde vnto any other signes In like manner the breast formed small and the head appearing seemely or but meanely big doth demonstrate by that reason the smalnesse of the heart and coldnesse of the quality in the creature If the bignesse of the breast appeareth to aunswere vnto the bignesse of the head or that the smalnesse of the breast shall be proportionally â—ormed to the smalnesse of the head then ought a man to haue regard vnto the other notes The colde qualitie of the heart doth procure a weake pulse and â—eeble breath through which the breast is caused to possesse fewe heares on it and those but small so that the breast by the meanes is â—ound colde in the féeling The perâ—on being of such a qualitie is noted fearefull and sluggish The quality drie hath a hard pulse and is thorowâ—ut the body brawned swartish of colour The breast also thinne of flesh but the veynes appaâ—aunt and hearte of bodie and the skinne both thick and harde But the moyst complexion doth cause a soft pulse the breast naked of heares the fleshe also softe and gentle and such a person is noted effeminate The complexion or qualitie hote and dry causeth a hard and quick pulse and the same often and engendreth much heare both thick and stiffe on the breast and on the thighes The breath also out of the same qualitie proceedeth both great and often and the whole body besides is in the feeling decerned hote and brawned and the veynes apparant The person being of this quality is noted yrefull and obstinate But the qualitie decerned colde and moyste worketh the contrary to these aboue vttered these hytherto the wordes of the auncient Rasis To come vnto the matter and purpose saith Cocles that is when the breaste is sounde well compowned and orderly formed doth indicate strength manlinesse boldnesse the others lyke and aunswering which properly belong vnto the man as the Philosopher Aristole meaneth and such a habitude ought not to appeare much fleshly nor so soft in the feeling as the softnesse of the woman The like wordes vttereth the singuler
Physitian Galen that the bodye appearing not ouer fatte nor ouer leane and continuing the like doth argue such a person to liue long yet the body decerned rather leane then fatte is the more commended and doth liue longer after the agréement of the learnedst Phisitions The veynes of fatte bodyes are euermore decerned narrowe whereof such appeare to haue but a weake and small breath and little bloud consisting in the speciall partes of the body Of which such growing elder in yeares are reported to be short liued and to be abreuiated life thorow a fewe and these small accydences to insue When any considereâ—h a subiect let him first saith the Phisiognomer marke the condition of the breast after the forme of the head and other members of the body For if the breast be formed large and bearing out and the head seemely bigge with a shrrtnesse of the neck doth then indicate the hotnesse of the heart so that there appeareth a nakednesse of heares which after nature doth proceede through a largenesse of the powers consisting in that creature that properly cannot retayne the matter of the heares or else of the occasion that the straightnesse of the passages be so narrow and close that these let the issuing forth of the heares after the due propertie and course of nature As touching the leane bodies after nature these are in a contrary manner formed to the fatte for as much as their principall members are knowne to be open and able by the report of the Phisiognomer to indure but small matters and traueyles But the persons knowne of a temperate qualitie and dieting themselues daintilye or rather after discretion that these may so ware fatte are by that meanes procured that their veynes and arteries are caused strong and indure large Of which their heate by that reason is not so soone extinguished as the singuler Phisition Galen vttereth So that such an habitude with the Phisiognomer is accounted lawdable and this generally ment in all the body Here conceaue saith Cocles that the heart in man is cause of all the workings if the principall members are duly formed of which the goodnesse and mâ—lice of minde insueth according to the positure of â—iuers partes in the creature The contrary of this is to be iudged when as the neck is long the breast large with a much quantitie of heares as in sundry places afore vttered The thinnesse of flesh on the breast with a due proportion of the other members doth argue hotnesse of the heart and by the consequent a warlike boldnesse as appeareth in the chollericke And as the like by the former words afore may be gathered ¶ The forme of the pappes is to be considered which as it is written are compowned of white flesh hauing many kernels and little holes like to a spunge through the veynes arteries sinewes and of this they be ioyned with the heart the liuer and the braine with the generatiue members The Philosopher Ptholomie reporteth that hée which on the left side of the breast hath a bigge fleshie Mole high out and round with one or many heares on it doth then promise the increase of riches and honour This experienced of Pontius Gallicus of the Phisiognomer Cocles Such women which haue bigge pappes and short are denoted sluggish and rammish of smell as some affirme Such women which haue no veynes appearing on the breasts are vnfitte to giue suck vnto Children For that such a positure doth argue a flewmatick and an inordinate matter Such women also are of a rude nature and beastly giue suck with paine through some gréeuous accidence The pappes of a meane bignesse not soft and the veines apparant and straight oâ—t doe argue a good milche Nurse especially if her skin be swartish in colour The pappes small and leane or slender thorowe drynesse doe denote such a woman to bée weake of body When the pappes begin to arise then doe they denote that such shortly after to be prouoked vnto the veneriall acte The pappes sufficient bigge and full after Galen doe argue a perfit digestion The forme and iudgement of the hollownesse on the breast The xliiij chapter THe ingenious Phylosopher Aristotle doth Phisiognomate of the noblenesse of the part of the breast which commonlye is decerned betweene the breastes The same properly named Methafreton where frenes and the Midriffe consisteth and this is a pellicle deuiding the region of the naturall members from the region of the nutritiue which through a like deuision is the same named the Midriffe as it were parting or deuiding in two and knitte or fastned to the back bone and breast in the compasse of the breast hauing a circuler forme This hollow place of the breast is here ment of the Phisiognomer where the heares commonly grow on men and right against the Midriffe The person which hath this part of the breast appearing big sufficient fleshy and brawned is of the Philosopher noted strong according to nature and applied of him to the male kinde The creature which hath this part appearing weake not fleshie nor brawned are denoted feeble and weake after natuere and applied for the forme vnto the female kinde Such a person which haâ—h this part so bending in through the méeting there of the muscles right against the furcle of the two semiâ—â—rcles méeting at it that they cause there a déepe holownesse or pit in the middle of the same doth denote such a person to be euill conditioned and not to fellowship withall rude and of a disdainefull nature But the manner of his disdaining he couereth and hideth for that he is close minded as touching his malicious stomacke which he subtilly cloaketh by his dissembling wordes The Phisiognomer Cocles noted a certaine husbandman in his time which had the Methaphrenon so hollow standing in that a man might well haue hidde the whole fist in the same who he diligently noted and knewe to be euill conditioned especially a wrangler contentious and double tongued He which hath this part appearing eminent is noted to be very yrefull in that the bearing out of this part procéedeth thrugh the ouermuch heate of the hart and of the same cause is mooued to bée very yrefull as reporteth Galen in Libro Tegm and through this yrefulnesse caused to be forgetful of himselfe vndiscréete and vnaduised of that hée doth and applyed for the nature and property vnto the Horse for that the horse hath such a forme of the breast and is of a vehement fury as Aristotle vttereth This part consisting a meane in the hollownesse that is the Methaphrenon neither to high bearing out nor to déepe formed inward as the breast plate of a harnesse is a laudable note after the minde of the Physiognomer Cocles and such a person saith he is knowne to be of a temperate quality and well conditioned The selfe same vttereth Conciliatore and the like taught in the Chapter of the signification of the breast The condition and iudgement of the ribbes The
xliiij chapter HEre the Phylosopher doth skilfully instruct a man to Phisiognomate by the disposition and forme of the ribbes and learnedly vttereth certaine notes of these The first note is that such creatures which are decerned to be well ribbed be accounted after skil knowne to be strong and applyed for the forme vnto the male kinde But such séene and founde weake ribbed are denoted feeble of strength after nature applyed for the forme vnto the female kinde which are knowne saith the Philosopher to haue but small and feeble ribbes and weake muscles The Lyon of all beastes is the strongest and perfitest compowned in his partes yea he for the proper composition néerest agréeing vnto mans forme The discription of whose forme the learned Aristotle Artly vttereth in this manner That he hath a mouth sufficient great the face formed square and not very bony the vpper Jaw equally hanging downeward the nose more grosse then small the eyes hollow standing and very round nor to much protensed but the meanesse moderate the ouerbrowes sufficient great and broade the forehead formed square and in the middle of it somewhat hollow denting in vnto the ouerbrowes and nose vnder the forehead the same as a cloude consisting but aboue on the forehead neere to the nose hauing the heares appearing inclined the head in a meane manner formed the necke of a good and séemely length and the same grosse and innodated the heares in colour yealow not plaine nor much crisped the partes which are cituated next the ioynts of the shoulder poynts well proportioned and spaced rather than néere conioyned the shoulder points appearing strong and the breast iuuenile the Methaphrenon also appearing large and the backe sufficiently compowned the hips or haunches appearing not fleshie the thighes and shanckes strong formed and well sinewed the whole chyne of the backe throughout compowned strong the whole body of knowledge decerned to be well brawned and sinewed and not sounde very moyst the pace that the Lyon treadeth is knowne to be neither swift nor very slowe In pace also he walketh stately and moueth the shoulder points as the treadeth Such a condition of the mans body formed according to these is denoted laudable and to bée strong and such persons like formed after nature are knowne to giue fréely and to be liberall yea stoute of courage louing and coueting victory gentle of behauiour and iust in dealing louing besides these with which they associate these hetherto Aristotle Such persons saith the learned Conciliatore in his Rubricke of Phisiognomy which are strong and well ribbed be denoted liberall and frée of giftes bolde desirous of victory gentle in behauiour iust in actions and louing well those with which they fellowship And applyed for the forme vnto the Male kinde in that the same hath great ribbes through the largenesse of the breast and bredth of the backe which properly procéedeth of the nature of heate Forasmuch as the nature of heate as afore vttered is to encrease and dilate the forme of the members Such persons which are founde weake and small ribbed are knowne of experience to be féeble of strength and after nature applyed vnto the female kinde Such persons which appeare to haue the ribbes much couered and compassed with the great quantity of flesh that these séeme swolen or puffed vp withall are argued to be full of ydle wordes and foolish in actions as both Almansore and Conciliatore report And for the like forme aptly applyed vnto the Oxe and Frogge hauing such conditioned ribbes The ribbes of the woman formed narrow and the flancks like are especially caused through the lacke of naturall heate in that creature The auncient Rasis vttereth that the smalnesse and thinnesse of the ribbes doth innuate in that creature the debility and féeblenesse of coeating The condition and iudgement by the notes decerned in the quantity of the space betweene the necke vpward and the Nauill downeward vnto the mouth of the stomacke The xlv chapter THe Philosopher Aristotle doth Phisiognomate by the quantity of the partes which are betwéene the nauill and necke and the mouth of the stomacke saying on this wise that such persons which haue the same space larger which is from the nauill vnto the bottome and ende of the breast than that consisting from the end of the breast vnto the neck are iudged gluttenous and of a dull perseuerance The reason why such are reported to be gluttons is for that such haue a big belly and great stomacke and a great stomacke saith the Philosopher requireth much meate or foode by reason of the great quantity and not of the quality of which these by an earnest desire couet to eate much meate And such are knowne to be of a dull vnderstanding and perseueraunce through their mighty filling of meate more then needeth which of the same procureth weake senses in them But such a creature which hath the space consisting from the nauill vnto the breast lesser in distance then the same which is from the breast vnto the necke hath by the report of the Phisiognomer a great or large stomacke the stomacke héere ment for the proper belly of which this person is knowne of obseruation to be weake of body and short liued The reason of this is in that the belly or rather the stomacke consisteth colde through the smalnesse of the same of which this ventricle or stomacke saith the Phisiognomer doth not orderly and well digest but rather ingendreth superfluities in it and of the same such are prone vnto diseases or sicknesses and to be short liued And the multitude of sicknesses procured in that creature are occasioned and caused through the intensed hotnesse which the same purchaseth and by the meanes of the bowels and other members neere placed that hastily draw from the stomack the meate by a force vndigested The learned Aristotle also vttereth that when this space aboue described shall be decerned equal such a positure and condition of the like is commended highly of him for that this argueth a due proportion of the members contayning in them an apt and good digestion in that creature But a contrary to these aboue vttered doth Aristotle report that such persons which haue the partes from the Nauill downewarde as vnto the belly larger appearing then the partes which are consisting vnto the breast as vnto that named Pomum granatum are denoted féeble and weak persons of body and of likelyhoode to be short liued for the reason and cause aboue reportes Such persons which haue that space larger consisting from the ende of the breast vnto the necke then that extended from the Nauill vnto the point or ende of the breast such after the minde of the Philosopher Aristotle are denoted strong witty and of a ready vnderstanding Guilielmus Nurice in his Phisiognomy reporteth that the like wordes in a manner to be vttered of the singuler Aristotle where he writeth that when the partes consisting from the Nauill downewarde shall be decerned larger then these which
which are of a cold and moist complexion arâ— perfit that is apt vnto the performing although the Bloud and spirit in these are moued vnto the heart spéedily for the smalnesse of space yet neuerthelesse caused vnmooueable by reason of the complexion or coldnesse in that moysture restrayneth the dryth and heate and thus of the short and swift motion of those Spirites by reason of the space and in a slow manner by reason of the moisture of those Spirits shall the motion bee caused commensurated and both a meane and temperate apt vnto the performing In the fourth he Phisiognomateth by the greatnesse of body by a comparison vnto the hot and dry complexion in that such are perfit and quicke in conceiuing Although in those the space of the motion be great yet the blood and Spirit in them are very swift mouing by reason of the great heate and on such wise in these is a temperament of motion caused and are apt vnto the performing Here is to be conceiued that although the hot and dry and generally the chollerioâ— are of a difficill or hard conceiuing and of a dull wit by reason of the dryth which hardly receiueth neuerthelesse the chollericke bigge in body are more perfit and apter to conceiue then the small in quantitie of body For when these giue and apply their wit vnto the conceiuing and attaining of any thing they long retaine the same with them and although they haue the Spirit and blood moueable yet for that the space of the motion is great for that cause before any other thing or matter occurreth they first conceiue and take and strongly retaine For a more drynesse then moysture consisteth in the hinder part of the braine of this creature So that drinesse hath the property to attain and receiue with difficulty and when this hath receiued a forme the same purchased it retaineth for a long time which contrary is of the moysture For the moysture or moist braine behind doth lightly receiue a forme and soone looseth the same in that the formes which are imprinted in the moysture are not preserued any long time but soone vanish away And for as much as the chollerick small in body do not so long consist in any maner that any forme in their spirit can be fixed yet are these neuerthelesse noted perfite as is afore vttered For the learned Aristotle héere meaneth that the more chollericke in body are perfit simply but this vnderstood in the comparison vnto the chollericke small of body The Sanguine of complexion and big in body are very perfit in that they be of a temperate moyst quality and of a good receiuing or retaining In the excéeding the Philosopher dooth Phisiognomate by the quantity of the body betwéene a very small and very big as vnderstanding of a meane Of which such hauing bodies ouer-much excéeding in greatnesse and height or ouer-much lacking in the smalnesse of body and stature are perfit by hap in that these sometimeâ— are on such wise and sometimes in a contrary manner according to the same as they are diuerâ—â—â— complexioned So that by the consequent such ouer smal and ouer big are vnperfit in as much as vnto the extending which may be on such wise and otehrwise in the ouer small forme so that the vnperfit is â—as euery variable continguent or happening For that cause in stature and quantity of bodie a meane which are nâ—â—â—her ouer small nor ouer-bigge vnto sense 〈◊〉 the aptest to perceiue and know The Phisiognomer further vttereth that the person which is not of length and largenesse alike is noted to be one not in a due form proportioned Indagines breefely writing of the stature of man alleageth 〈◊〉 example out of the Histories of one Maximinus the Emperour who for his notable and monstrous talnesse was of this found and iudged to be of a dull capacity and foolish And of the same arose the Prouerbe which is Climacis Aegiptia â—â— Caliga Maximini And that applyed now to men of a great and huge stature hauing euill properties conditions and had in contempt for their rude manners Sundry others the like might heere be vttered which for breuitie saith Indagines I omit yet is it well knowne to all men that such which bee of a monstruous talenesse are euermore of a dull capacity simply witted and in manners rude especially if they be leane and very long of Bodie with the neck reaching forward like the Storkes necke In the Court of Frederick the third Charles Emperors did the worthy Indagines note certain persons very tall and maruellous leane who in conditions were knowne to be very froward and foolish And from these persons do not such much differ which go crooked or stouping Heere a man might aptly apply the olde Prouerb which affirmeth that sildome any séeth the long and tall person wittie nor the short person méeke and patient yet the person short of body is noted to be of a ready wit apt to attaine thinges and in the end very skilfull in many matters And this onely meant by the quantity of the body and not of the quality in that the same often falleth out the contrary The person decerned meane of stature and reasonably fat and in the other members and partes decently formed is noted to be ingenious prudent and doth his busines with expedition These hitherto Iohn Indagines Michaell Scotus writeth that somewhat may be declared by the stature of man First the stature long and sufficient vpright and rather leane than fat doth argue that person to be bold high minded presumptuous vaine-glorious to much of a will long angry somtimes lying and in many things malicious The stature long and sufficient fat dooth signifie a strong person yet lightly vnfaithfull deceitfull of a dull wit selfe-willed a surmiser vngratefull â—nd circumspect in his doings The stature very long leane and slender doth denote a foolish person much selfe-willed weake to labour slowe a great féeder lightly crediting thinges to be compassed as he wisheth them and often lying The stature short and bigge is a note of a flegmaticke quality enuious suspitious more simple than wise easily perswaded to beléeue long angry vaiue and well contented to serue The stature short and slender and sufficient vpright is a note of a chollericke quality and that such a person to be naturally circumspect of that he doth ingenious hold high minded vaine-glorious of good memory and vnderstanding secret a great surmiser The stature which bendeth naturally forward and not caused of age denotes a wary person vnto himselfe a niggard laborious a grosse feeder long angry not lightly crediting secret of dull Witte and seuere or cruell The stature or personage bending backward doth signifie a foolish person of a small vnderstanding of ill memory vain a grosse féeder and easily perswaded to good or euill Hitherto M. Scotus A perfect instruction in the manner of iudging FIrst consider that a man may not hastily pronounce iudgement of any one note
then wilily drawe and shrincke in the necke for the more shortning of the same that hee may not so soone be espied in the stealing vppon as by alike we daily sée in the Cat when she with the necke shrunke in stealeth by little and little on the Mouse Certain report that the neck formed long signifieth the féet to be long and the necke séene slender doth indicate the féet to be slender The necke hollow behind and déepe withall doth denote a weaknes of the sinnewes and sicknesses to ensue according to the knitting of it in that creature The necke formed very fleshy dooth witnesse such a creature to be a lyar vsing filthy excesse a meane necke séene doth indicate the goodnes of nature to consist in that creature The nape of the necke next vnto the heade behinde if the same be found hairy doth inuate such a person to be strong and stout of courage in that this note appeareth to be a hotnesse consisting in that person The neck formed long and hauing a meanesse in the proportion dooth indicate mallice and indignation to consist in that person And certaine report that such a creature to be a foole weake of strength fearefull and full of words The necke big with a certaine length yet not very fleshy denoteth a strong person stout of courage a boaster and proud as Conciliatore reporteth in his Rubricke of Phisiognomy The necke formed stiffe and strong argueth yrefulnes hastines and vnapt to learne The good disposition also of the mind humanity they say negatiuely to concurre vnto such an operation The neck with apparant sinewes and il shaped doth witnesse by the report of the Phisiognomer a foolish person and vnapt to learne The necke decerned so loose that the same séemeth to leane vnto the one side dooth inuate such a creature to harme those that are not able to resist wilfull and deceitfull as the learned Conciliatore reporteth Such that about the ioynt of the necke aboue are séene ouer fleshy be those which haue the knot bearing out and the neck hardly mouing and be also without feeling to exercise the same orderly yea such are knowne to be dul and vnapt to exercise good workes yet these in the euill or wicked actions and to do iniuries very prone forward as afore in another place the Phisiognomer obserued And certaine Apostates and Princes this Cocles noted that mooued their neckes neuer vnto the right nor left side without the mouing of the whole body togither and such were known to be double tongued dissemblers and very wicked But such hauing the contrary to this is of another disposition that is honest conditioned and of gentle behauiour The necke formed long with a largenes in the positure denotes such a person to be yrefull vnapt to learne applied for the forme vnto the grunting Sow The necke bigge and fleshy and short withal doth argue such a person to be a foole and a verie great féeder When a certaine bearing out shal be betwéene the knitting of the shoulder points and beginning of the neck that the growing out of the knottes be sharp doth indicate such a Creature for the most part to be proud and arrogant as the Phisiognomer Cocles noted many the like The necke declining or leaning vnto one side doth innuate such a creature to be of a dull capacity and vnapt to learne The necke bearing too much vpright doth argue that creature not onely to be vnapt to learne but high minded and selfe-willed and one that will not be admonished of nothing he doth The neck decerned stiffe and as the same were immoueable doth like declare such a person to be vnapt to learne and vndiscreet in his doings by which note for the most part such are knowne to be fooles The difference betweene the moouing and not moouing of the neck is easily discerned so that the neck appearing fast or stiffe or quick mouing doth witnesse the more foolishnes to consist in that creature but if the same appeare stiffe and in a manner fixed doth demonstrate dull capacity and the vnaptnesse to learne That you may not much erre the Phisiognomer doth here discouer and open that there bée some which minding to hide this note in them the rather to beguile the Judger do vse customably and oftentimes in the day to rubbe and chase well their necks with a warm linnen cloth wherby these may moue and turne the head hither and thither somewhat the easier in couering by such meanes their foolishnesse As the like note the Phisiognomer obserued in a certaine Cittizen of Bononia in Lumbardy which Creature besides as he talked many times smiled to himselfe So that by this appeareth that the stiffe turning of the necke is a note of the proper foolishnesse to consist in that creature by the report of the Phisiognomer The nape of the necke from the ioynt vnto the head decerned rough dooth denote such a person to be very rude conditioned and luxurious But the white neck séen rough doth signifie a dellâ—â—ne vnderstanding and rude wit as Conciliatore reporteth in his Rubricke of Phisiognomy The necke bending vpward toward the head doth demonstrate such a Creature to be arrogant stubborne in actions and void of honesty as the learned Conciliatore in his Phisiognomy vttereth When you shall decerne a loosenesse of the neck with a certaine gathering of the Lippes vnto a laughter and that the eyes appeare out of order in the rolling with a certaine lightnesse of countenance shewed in the sitting or standing of the creature and a trembling voice to 〈◊〉 in him doth not onely indicate an effeminate mind but euiâ—â— conditions to consist in him after the mind of the Phisiognomer The neck decerned bending toward the breasâ— doth innuate such a person to be much encombrâ—â— with cares yea this creature 〈…〉 ocâ—upieâ— with niggardship and sometimes mooued with that euill vice of malignity The necke alâ—â—â— varied saith the Phisiognomer according to the knitting of the other members in man The necke séene bowing downeward as the learned Conciliatore in his Phisiognomy writeth doth indicate a foolish person a niggard froward at times and knowne he is to bee neyther simple nor of an vpright mind The neck decerned leaning vnto the right side dooth denote such a person to be witty or seemelie manners and conditions and circumspect in the 〈◊〉 that he attempteth or goeth about But the Necke séene leaning vnto the left side doth argue such a Creature to bee currish or churlish rash in his actions and foolish as the learned Conciliatore reporteth in his Rubricke of Physiognomy The neck formed strong and very big whether the same bee of length and that this hardly turneth doth innuate such a person to bee a gréedie proller and gatherer of goods together howsoeuer the same be The neck decerned crooking after the breadth of the Bodie as eyther from the right or the left side doth denote such a Creature to be full of wordes deceitfull wily and vnfaithfull