life will expell Digestion of stomake they shall fele full well And to shake of anger and passions of the mynde Thus quietnes of coÌ„science the happy maÌ„ shal finde VVe knowe eche one and se by experience That men shall waste and phisicke fade What is man when he is in moste excellence â—one fallen to duste and sleapeth stil in shad â—lowers leaues fruts groweth iÌ„ somer most glad â—ut from their braunches as it is daily sene â—re beateÌ„ down w t winde wheÌ„ thei are fresh grene SOnne mone starres with heauenly influence The earth doth garnishe w t flowers fresh of hew The trees spring w t frute of their beneuolence â—e rain norisheth y e swete felds w t siluer drops new â—â—e lelie read rose and flowers pale blewe â—orue and cattelle and euery thing temporall â—e not these gods giftts for these our liues mortal BVt to know these creaturs is a gift most excelleÌ„t Complexions hote or colde moist or drie And to whate nature they be conuenient Hippocrates and Gallene in their time did trie Dioscorides and Auicen with Plini wold not lye Aristotle the philosopher in learning moste excellent So be many men now in this life present TO them I bend my knee with dewe reuerence As one vnworthy their fotesteppes for to kisse Iacking no good will confessing my negligence Though many will iudge my entent amisse Powring water in the sea where aye plentie is But of your worship to whome I present this gift Except it better theÌ„ nothing to make a simple shift I pray you rede this gouernmeÌ„t short I wil it make Betwene one called Iohn Humfrey the wise When you are at leasure in your hand it take Though it lacke eloquence yet do it not despise I will assite no authour which haue writen lies And stil wil submitte my self vnto the lerned iudge And forse not of the ignorant whiche at my traueâ— grudge Esse cupis sanus sit tibi parca manus Pone gule metus etas vt sit tibi longa FINIS To the gentle Reader HEre I doe present vnto thee gentle Reader a symple Gouerne meÌ„t of helth beseching thee moste heartely for to except it as an argument of my good wyll as one vnfayeÌ„dly that greatly dooe couit the good â—ate and happy health of mankynde Whiche by dayly casualtis surfaites 〈◊〉 do decay and fall into many greâ—â—â—us painful sickenesses For whiche cause although perhappes I can not in 〈◊〉 pointes aunswere to thy request in â—â—is litle regement yet I shall desire â—ee to except me amonge the feloweshyp of the botchers which do helpe to â—â—paire thinges that fall into ruine or â—ecay Euen so bee the pratiscioâ—ers of â—â—isicke no makers of men but when â—â—en dooe decaye throughe sickenesse â—â—â—en the counsell of the Phisicion and 〈◊〉 vertue of medicine is not to be reâ—â—sed but moste louingly to be embraced as a chief friende in the tyme of a â—â—uersitie if thou readest this litle hooâ—â— and obserue it I trust it wyll paye muche as it doeth promyse And because I am a yong man I woulde 〈◊〉 presume to take suche a matter in 〈◊〉 although the wordes be fewe but 〈◊〉 consiliat and gather thinges together which of my selfe I haue practised and also read and noted in the workes Hypocrates Galen Auicen Plinii Hâ—lyabas VVenzoar Rasis Dioscorid Leonhardus Fucchius Conradus Gesnerus c. And thus I leue the to the company of this my litle booke wisshyng thee health and all them that shall reade it ⸫ VVilliam Bulleyn ⧠The contentes of this boke of the gouernment of healthe THe Epistle Verses in Meter against surfeting coÌ„mending moderate diet Verses in the prayse of the boke A preface to the Reader Of the Epiâ—urs life Fo. i. â—â—eliogabalê° court fit for Epicures Fo. ibid. â—aly gods plaged Fo. ii â—utes of inordinate banquets Fol. eod â—arietie of opinioÌ„s fo iii 〈◊〉 obiectioÌ„ against phiâ—â—cke fol. eod â—â—od autour of phi fo eo â—â—od ordeined herbes for â—â—elth of men fol. eod â—â—he praise of phi fo iiii â—diffinition of phi fo v â—â—ndry sectes of phisitiâ—ns fo vi Phisike deuided into v. partes fol. vii The discription of the. 4 complexions fo ix The discription of the. 4 Elementes fol. x Creatures coÌ„pouÌ„d of mo elements theÌ„ one fo eo Elementes felâ—e and not sene fo xi The. 4 complexions deuided into 4 quarters of the yere fo eod Metals and medicines be knovven fol. xii The bringing vp of children fo xiâ—iâ— Best time to prouide for age fol. xv The discription of the. 4 humours fol. xvi Men hoat but vvomens tongues hoater fo xix Al things bringeth their apparell vvith him maÌ„ onely except fo eod A diffinicion of members fo xx Muskels and glandens fleshe fo eod A part called by the naÌ„e of the vvhole fo xxi Vvhat anotomy is fo eo Foure thinges conside red in the bodye of man fol. eod Of openyng the vaines and blud letting fo xxiii AgaiÌ„st dropsy fo xxiiii Helping the Eme. fo eo Thernia excellent Triacle fol. eod Capers good fo xxv Miracle healpeth vvhen phisike faileth fo eod Time for al thinges fo 27 Of bloud letting fo 28. Vsurpation fo xxviii Morning best to let blud fol. eod Of meats and medicinâ— fo eod Best time to purg fol. 3â— Vomites and their profites fo eoâ— Custome in vomityng euill fol. eoâ— Of bathinges and their properties fo eoâ— Discommodities by coÌ„mon hot houses fo xxxâ— Afore bathing vse gooâ—â— oyntments fol. eoâ— Perilous to bath vpon aâ— empty stomack fo eoâ— Of nesynge fo â—oâ— Of suppositers fol. eoâ— Boxing good for the bodye fo eoâ— Of glisters fol. eoâ— Manipracticioners fo 3â— Beastes and birds vse prâ—ning c. fol. eoâ— Hot vvater vnholesomâ— fol. xxxiâ— Frication holesom fo eâ—â— Combing the head fo eo Cutting of heere and parynge nayles fo eod Consideration to be had in eating fo eod A cause vvhy the soul de parteth from the body fo 34. To eate bothe fleshe and fishe together hurteth the flegmatike fol. eod Diuerse sortes of meates corruptes the body fo 35 Good dyet prolongeth life fol. eod Vvhat meats doth cause good bloud fol. 36 To go to bed vvith empty stomack hurts fo eo An order in dieting fo 37 An order for them that the sicke fo 38 Of syrrops and drinkes fol. eod 〈◊〉 the complexion is so 〈◊〉 desireth fol. 39 Moderate vvalke after meat profiteth fo eod To healpe disgestion by diuers vvaies fol. xl A note vvhiche bee the most holesomest ayres to dvvel in fo xli Vvhat ayres corrupteth the bloude fol. eod Corrupte ayre bringeth sundry diseases fo xlii Feruent praier vnto god doth mitigate his vvrath fo eod Svvete aires to be made in time of sicknes fo eo Vvhat sitation is best for an house fol. 43 Pleasant people fo eod Moderate exercise a souerain thing fol. 44 Vvhat profit cometh by exercise fo eod
or Cardus Benedictus then drinke the brothe of a chicken or pure wine to ripe the sore roste a great onion take out the core put in triacle and warme apply it to the place thre or foure tymes renued warme And oyle Oliue blacke sope soure leauen Lilly rootes of eche lyke quantitye boyled together put in the ioyse of Rew and make a plaster this wil breake the sayd sore CapoÌ„s grese yolkes of egges swines grease barlie floure linsede in pouder encorporated together wil make a good heling plaster Emplastrum diachilon magnum discriptione filii Zacharia doth resolue and quence the hote vlcer But in the time of the plage trust not vrins ¶ Agayne to the gentle Reader THe swift runner in his rase gentle Reader in a stobby or rockye grouÌ„d is in daunger efâ—sones to stumble or faule where as the goer faire and softly in the smothe path is safe Euen so because I haue had no coÌ„ferrence with others nor longe tyme of premeditatioÌ„ in studie but with speade haue coÌ„ciliated this smal intitled Gouernement of health it can not be but many things haue missed in the print as in folio .iii. the .xviii. line reade sighe for fight iâ— fol. lx the seconde page .xi. line reade Olibanum for Olibulom and in the ende of the Epistle to the reader there is imprinted Wenzoar for Auenzoer in fol. lxvi line .xv. leaue out because And thus to conclude I will by Gods grace ioyne another booke called the Healthfull medicins vnto this Gouernement and at the next impressioÌ„ such amendes shalbe made that both silable and sentence shalbe diligently kept in trew order to thy contentacion God willing who euer kepe the in health The first of March the yeare of our saluacion 1558. VVilliam Bulleyn Codrus Midas Cap. 38. Nestor Galen ArgantoÌ„ ☞ The epicure desireth too liue al together in belly chere Heliogabalê° court â—it for belly gods The iust rewarde of belly gods The frutes of inordinate baÌ„quets Varietie of opinions amoÌ„g meÌ„ Anobieâ—tion against phisicke God the author of phisicke The inesâ—imable goodnes of god ordeined herbes for the healh of man Salomon Eccle. 36. The praise exeleÌ„cie of phisicke Moises Adam Iesus Sirack cap. xxxviii Diodoro Test Ouid. Metamor Chiron centaurê° Podaliriê° MachaoÌ„ Hippocrates Gallenus Hippocrates in lib. defla A diffinitioÌ„ of physicke Hippocrates in primo Aphoris Theoricha Herodotê° Emperici Philinus serapion Apolonii Methodici Asclepiades Dogmatici Hippocrates Gallen de elemen de temp de facul Phisicke deuided into fyue partes Gal. lib. 3. de temp cap. 4. Galle in lib. 2. The rap metho The discription of the saâ— guene peâ—â—sons The discription of the sleâ— matilâ—e persons The discription of the colericke The discription of MelaÌ„coly Hippocrates de Element Auic in cauteca The discription of the .iiii. ElemeÌ„ts Galen in li. 8. decr Hippocrates in lib. de na â—turs comâ—â—ded â—ore eâ—eutes 〈◊〉 one Elen felt seen Hippocr in lib. de Natura humana Wynter Spryng Sommer Haruest Auic in pri can Meates and medicine bee knowen by tasting Cold. Moiste Salte Auic in pri tract cantico Gal. lib. 1. cap. 2. li. 2. cap. 3. li. 4 cap. vlti Sim. med Gal. lib. 5. Aphor. coÌ„men 9. An ernest brief exhortacion for y e bringyng vp of youth Galen in lib. Simp. The beste tyme to prouide for age 〈…〉 Auicen in li. can Galen in lib. 4. de tempor Galen in lib. 4. de tempor Arist de Gene. Auicen Whether this bee true let y â— maryed iudge eueri thiÌ„g bringyng his aparel with him sauiÌ„g maÌ„ Muskels and glandens flesh A diffiâ—â—cion of members Muskels and glandens flesh A parte is called by the name of y e whol and not y e whole by the part What annothomie is Foure thinges coÌ„sidered in the body of maÌ„ Example Dropsy Helpyng the Emorodes Theriaca is an excelent triacle Vse to eate Capers and take Pillule Iude Haly or pilluledâ— lapide Lazule Miracle helpeth but no medicen in this case Time for althinges Hipp. in 1. Affor 3. Aristo in pri prob 56. Auice in 2. pri doc 2. Cap. 6. Gallen in lib. de â—lobothomia Rasi in 4. alman cap. 14. Rasi in 4. alimeÌ„ Ca. 14. the midle vayne Hip. in 3. â—ri doct 〈◊〉 cap. VsurpatioÌ„ in medicin be euill In the mornyng is beste to let bloud euell towarde night Rasi in 4. alman ca. 15. Meates mediceÌ„s â—â—eith not excepte pilles before supper Tyme to purge Digges Kenningham Vomites and there profites Hip. SeÌ„tin 4. Aphoris Costome to vomit weakeneth the stomack Auicen in 4. pri cap. 13. Of bathes and there propertes The discoÌ„moditie of coÌ„mon hote houses To vse oyntemeÌ„tes after bathings is good To bathe vpon an empty stomalie is perilous Of nesing Of suppositers Soringe doth muche good to the bodye I will speake more of Glisters in my boke of healthful medicins Manye practicioners of actes venerus â—esâ—es birdes vse frictious and pruninge theÌ„ selues The profit whiche cometh in washing the haÌ„des with cold water Hote water is vnholsome to washe hands in FricatioÌ„ is holsom for the body Comyng the head Cuttinge of heare paring of nayles be comly for men A consideration to he had in eatinge drinking A cause why the soule departeth from the body To eate both fishe fleashe together hurteh y â— flematick Galen Hipocrites To fede of diuers sortes of meates corrupteth the bodye Eccl. 37. A good diet prolongeth lyfe What kindes of meates dothe cause good bloud What hurt commeth of an emty stomacke when ye go to bed A order of dieting Galen me trite The melancoly The sanguine An order for the diâ—tinge of such as be sicke of sharpe feuers Of siroppes and drynkes As the coÌ„plexion is so man requireth The. iii. doctrine The. vii chap. Moderat walke after meat profiteth Gallen in 6. de accedenti morbo 1. cap. Auice in 13. theo 3. tracte 3. cap. To healp disgestion by diuers wayes Hipo. in secondo prim doc 3. ca. 6 Hec signa declarâ—nt Note which be the most holsomst ayers to dwell in what airs corrupteth the bloud Corrupte aire bringeth sondry diseases Feruent praier vnto God doth miâ—tigate hâ—â— wrath Sweete aire to be made in y e tyme of sicknes SituacioÌ„ best for a house Pleasaunt people moderate exercise a soueraâ—â— thing Fulgen. in lib. 2. What profit coÌ„meth by exercise Vse meketh labour esy Apho. Idelnes the mother of al mischiefe Exercise before meate Auicen in can Of slepe and waking Tulli. in lib. de sene Arist in lib. de so Slepe after dinner not helhtful Slepe on the right syde is best Gal. sen 1. terap ca. 6. Thy lodging muste be kepte clene Note that sleapeers in fildes in harueste shalbe in dannger of quartens in winter The cause of y e stone remedies for y â— stone Foure thiÌ„gs noted in vrines Golden vrine Read vrine Grene vrine Couller like lead 〈…〉 〈…〉 like 〈◊〉 be â—â—â—h 〈◊〉 â—â—â—ite 〈◊〉 vâ—in â—â—â—ite
neither obserue tyme place age state noâ— coÌ„dicion thinke theim thinges of small profite but onely theâ— respecte is to their disease theâ— loue not longe study in phisicke and are greatly deceyued because they would builde withouâ— foundacion and haue the fruteâ— before thei haue planted y e trees These mennes cures be but bâ— chaunce medly One Sirus begaâ— this whiche receyued certayn rules of Asclepiades The chief â—este secte of Phisitions called Dogmatici These be the wyse meÌ„â—hiche sette not the carte before â—e horse nor the rootes of the â—ees vpwarde They dooe pruâ—ently consider the chaunge of â—ans nature y e dwellyng place â—e alteration of y e ayre the time 〈◊〉 the yeare the custome of peoâ—â—e the maners of diseases the â—shion of mens diete And this â—ey will prous by trewe arguâ—entes and reasons and will be â—ry careful for their patientes â—he disciples of those meÌ„ be the â—st scollers therfore I counsell â—ee Ihon to loue wel Hippocrates â—e prince of Phisicions whiche â—gan the best maner to geue ruâ—s to all the louers of phisicke â—f this writeth Gallen much lauâ—â—g Hippocrates his followers â—d in these daies Leonhardus Futchius Matheolus c. ¶ Iohn SEinge thou hast spooken of sondrie partes of Phisicions I praye thee what partes be there of phisicke ¶ Humfrey TRuly there be fyue thinges to be noted in phisicke as v. principall partes as Gallen saith in lib. de Elementis The first is to consider the nature of mans bodie The seconde is to kepe the bodie in health and to defende it from sickenes and infirmities The thirde is to knowe all the causes rules and sedes wherof the sicknes doth growe The .iiii is Crises or iudgemeÌ„t of the disease of thinges present past to come The fifth is the beste and moste excelleÌ„t for it sheweth the maner of healing dietinge fasshion order waye to helpe the sicke bodie preserue the same as longe as man doth remayne in the state of lyfe ¶ Iohn THou hast spoken of the partes of phisicke what is the forme maner or distribucion thereof ¶ Humfrey IT is distributed in thre formes one is natural another vnnatural y e .iii. agaiÌ„st nature The first is by those things wherof y e bodie is coÌ„pact coÌ„stituted or made as Gallen saith in his .iii. boke of his TeÌ„pramentis Cap. 4. The secoÌ„d is called not natural as meates or thinges to preserue the bodie in health they be not called vnnaturall because they be againste the body but because the rasshe â—akynge or glotonus vsinge of â—hem may bryng many thinges â—o the vtter destruction of the bodie The thirde bee thinges against nature whiche doeth corrupt the bodie or poisone nature wherof Gallen writeth ¶ Iohn NOwe thou hast taughte me short rules of the partes formes phisicall I pray the shewe me some pretie rules of the complexions of men and that I may aptelie knowe theim with their properties elementes temperamentes and humors ¶ Humfrey VPon my lute some time to recreate my selfe I ioyne with my simple armonie manie playne verses Among all other one smal songe of the foure complexions wilte thou heare it take that chaire and sitte downe and I will teache thee my song ¶ Iohn I thanke thee ¶ Humfrey The bodies where heat moister dwel Be sanguen folkes as Galen tell With visage faire chekes rose ruddy The slepes is much dreames be bluddy Puls great and full with digestion fine Pleasauntlie concocting fleshe and wyne ExcremeÌ„tes abouÌ„dant with anger short â—aughing very much and finding sport Drine grose with couler read Pleasaunt folkes at bord and bead Where cold w t moistur preuaileth much Fleumatike folkes be alway suche Fatues softnes here plaine and ryght Narrowe vaines and coller whyt Dull of wyt no hart to bold Pules very slowe disgestion cold Sleping ouer much vryne grose pale Spittell whit thick thus endes the tale Coller is hoot and drie as fyre â—enis of limmes and puffed with yre Costisse belles with litte slepe Dreames of fier or woundes depe Sallowe coulered or tawnie read Feding on salt meates crustes of bread Voyce sharpe and quickenes of wit Vryne yellowe and saltnes of spit Pulses swyft and very strong Cruell countenance not anger long Melancoly is cold and very drye As here in ryme his signes will trye Heare playne and veray thyn A leane wretche with hardnes of skyn Coller whitlie or like to leade Muche watthe and dreames of dreade And stif in folyshe fantasie Disgestion slowe and long angrie Feareful of minde with watrie spitle Seldome laughing and puls litle Vryne waterie and very thyn The colde earth to hym is kyn ¶ Iohn THis is a good song and I wil learne it for though it seme not verye pleasauÌ„t yet I perceiue it is profitable Now thou hast spoken of the singes of the .iiii. complexions I pray the teache me shortlie howe to knowe the elementes ¶ Humfrey THey be y e foure beginners vnmingled and vntempored froÌ„ whose mixtures euerye corporall thynge hath his substaunce ¶ Iohn What be y e partes I pray the tel me â–ª ¶ Humfrey FOure the one is earth the heuiest matter grossest whiche is colde and drie and melancoly And the other is water whiche is lighter moste subtil then the earth of nature is colde moist and flegmatike Then is ayre more purer and lighter then water and if it bee not altered with any other straunge cause it is hote and moiste and sanguen Then fyer is moste lyghte pure and cleare a clarifier and a clenser of all the other elemeÌ„tes wheÌ„ they are corrupted and is of his owne nature hoot drie and collericke And of these foure Elementes both man beaste fysshe foule herbe stone mettall haue their propre workyng not of one of the Elementes alone but of al some more and some lesse accordyng to their natures Hippocrates saieth after the soule is gone from the bodie the body doeth returne to the first matter wherof it was made And to coÌ„clude all thinges that be made vpon earth shal returne vnto the earth againe in tyme. ¶ Iohn VVhy might not men beastes fyshe or foule herbe or tree be of one element aswell as of foure I praye you tell me ¶ Humfrey NOo for Aristotel sayth Deus et natura nihil agunt frustra God nature hathe doone nothinge in vaine And if any thing vpon the earth sencible were of one element no sickenesse coulde hurte it nor disease corrupt it but euery thing liuing vppon the earth seing it hath had beginninge it must nedes haue ending to whoÌ„ these foure complexioÌ„s doeth belonge if they do greatly abounde or disminish or withdrawe their vertues with quantities or qualities ¶ Iohn MAy a man see anye of the Elementes ¶ Humfrey THe thing whiche men do see be none of y e foure ElemeÌ„ts not earth but earthie not water
but a Gouerment of helth Not withstandinge at thy request I wyll showe vnto the a proportion of the boones no lesse trewe than newe which is the very timber or postes whervpon oure frayle fleshe is buyldyd beginninge in our mothers wombes and endinge in earth the mother of all thinges And as the noble Prince Auicen affirmith y e nomber of al y â— bones be CC.xliiii beside Sisamina Os Laude ¶ Iohn THou haste spoken of the opening of vaines and medicins conuenient to clense the bloude with the figure of boones but thou hast not spoken of coÌ„uenient tyme when to let bloude nor of the state or adge of theÌ„ whose vaines should be opened Therfore I wold be glad to learne not onely time of bloode lettinge but also of purging the belly vomites bathinges neâ—inges and rubbinge of the bodie c. ¶ Humfrey EVery thinge haithe his tyme conueniente must be donne with sobber discression and not with rashe ignoraÌ„cie which killethe an infinit noÌ„ber Therfore the cause muste be knowen and the time obserued as Gallen writeth in the coÌ„mentary of the Afforismes of Hippocrites many bodies be extinguished by sodeyn death in whome is extreme fulnes or aboundance For aboundance 〈◊〉 bloode or any other humer sayth Aâ—ristotle is the cause of manye sickenessis and those menne that vseth muche glottonie in winter shalbe apte to receaue manye diseases in the spring time Therfore when the body haue extreme heate fulnes of vaines flushing with sodaine redenes in the face grose and rede vryne and suche burninge heat in the nighte that lette the slepe c then it is time to euacuate the bodie with some purgation bloude letting or abstinence as the strengthe adge of the paciente will serue For many diseases he helped by discrete bloude lettinge as Pluriceâ— hoote feuers Frenyces repletion or surphytes taken w t ouermuche eatynge or drinkinge as Gallen sayth The letting of blode dryethe vppe the superfluous moister of the belly helpeth memorye purgeth the blader quieteth the braine warmeth the marie openeth the orgaÌ„s of hering helpeth disgestioÌ„ inducith slepe c. Vnto this agreeth Rasis saing it helpeth greatly against leprosies squinancis Appoplexis pestilencis c. But old men children or women with childe ought not to be lette bloode nor also those people that dwell in colde regions maye not be lette bloude because the bloode is the chiefe warmer of nature y e people that dwel in hoote regions if they be letten bloude it wyll drye there bodies for bloode is the cheife moister of nature Therfore is y e heate of somer and the coldnes of winter forbiddeÌ„ to opeÌ„ vains or let bloud exept for a stripe or sodain chaunce as Rasis sayth thâ— spring of y e yere is y e chief tyme tâ— let bloud in y e right arme or right fote in the vayne called Medianâ— Which vayne must be opened asâ— well at other times in the beginniÌ„g of sicknesses as hote feuers pleurices c. As basilica shold be opened in y e midle or towarde thende of a sicknes Purgations ought to be ministred with great discrecion and not rashely to be taken for euerye trifle as thou haste hard me speake of blood lettinge So obserue the selfe same rules in purgation as time person qualitie or quaÌ„titie For Hippocrates sayth withoute doubte it is nedefull to purge the superfluitie of y e bodie As if bloud do abouÌ„de to take thinges to purge bloud If steame be superfluous then take thinges to clense hys superfluitie If coller be to ardeÌ„t hote vse thinges to extinguishe If melaÌ„coly be to extreme then taste thinges to bringe him into a meane And not to purge one humer with the medicins of an other but to take them in dewe â—rder and aptenes For the sayde humers as Valarius cordus Mesue and Nicholas teacheth the maner of making of the moste excellent purgations with ther quaÌ„tities And as in bloode lettinge slepe muste be auoyded for viii or xii â—oures after them so when your â—urgations be taken ayre is to â—e auoyded and to be kepte close â—or ii or iii. dayes or more as the â—alice of the disease or power of he purgations be and the counâ—yll of Rasis muste be followed Whiche sayth oftentimes to take â—urgations or laxâ—tiue mediceÌ„s doth make the bodie weake and apt to the feuer ethicke and specialye in verye leane or weake persons they y t be very fat haue smal gutes and vaynes purgatioÌ„s be verye noysome vnto theÌ„ But strong bodies hauing large vesselles maye susteine purgatioÌ„s without any hurt but stroÌ„g purgations either in pilles or potioÌ„s if thei any thing do excede be very hurtful therfore y â— doces or quantities may not exceade And also they must bee made as pleasaunt as arte can dooe them onles they offende the stomake Hippocrates geueth counsaile that men should not mingle medicins with meate but to take them thre or foure houres before meate or els so long after Onles they be pilles called Antecibum whichâ— may be taken at the beginning oâ— supper or els Pilli chochi a litle before slepe two houres after supper The best tyme of purgacioÌ„s is in the spring tyme as the docters doth affirme the apt daies signes are commonly knowen in the Englishe Almanackes calculated into english As in the writinges of maister Leonarde Digges of William KeÌ„nyngham a learned student bothe in Astronomy and Phisicke with many moÌ„ good men that taketh paines to profite y e coÌ„mon welth There is another maner of purging of the body by vomet for it clenseth from y e midrife vpward if they haue large brestes and be collericke persones It is good against dropsies and leprosies better in sommer theÌ„ in winter as Hippocrates saith and holsomer one houre before supper then at any other time and not to be vsed as a custome for the custome of of vomittes hurteth greately the head and eies and make the stomacke so feble that it wil scant bere any meates or drinkes but estsones caste them vp agayne They which haue narrow throtes and brestes and loÌ„g neckes vomites be neither apt nor good for theim And Auicen sayeth that vomites ought to be twyse in the moneth for the conseruacion of health but that whiche is more doth hurte the bodye There is an other kinde of the clensing of the body by sweeting as with hoote drinkes warme clothes perfumes made of OlibaluÌ„ brimstone niter c. There is also bathes and sweetinge in hoote houses for the pockes scurffe scabbes hemerodes piles which hoote houses hathe the vertue of helping the sayd diseases But if any that be of an whole temperat complexion do sweete in drie hoote houses it doth them muche harme as hyndrynge their eie â—ightes decaying their tethe hurâ—ing memory The best bathing â—s in a great vessel or a litle close
voâ—mit or fast it out and this is thâ— counsell of many learned men For it is no meruaile althougâ— manye meates corrupteth one man whiche be of sundry and dâ—â—uers workinges in the stomake liuer vaines for the qualities doth hinder nature as muche as the quantities And take hede these signes and euill tokens be not founde in you The paines of all your members with idelnes wearines to go or moue your bodie Sodayne greate blusshynge or readnes in your face vaynes swelled and puffed vp read vryue and grosse skine extended or stretched out with fulnes like a blowen bladder full pulses small desire to meat ill reste and grief in slepe seming in slepe to beare some intollerable burdeyne or dreamyng to be specheles these be the euill and daungerous tokens of repletioÌ„ And of this I geue you warning for it hath slayne as manie by aboundance as hunger hath killed through scarcitie ¶ Iohn I Haue hearde saye that holsome ayre is a great comforte to mans nature but corrupt ayre doth muche harme I shall require you therfore to tell me of the good and the bad ayre that I may learne to vse the good refuse y â— bad ¶ Humfrey GAlen in lib. de Sectis sayeth A wyse phisicioÌ„ ought to know the natures of men of waters of aire of regions and dwellings generally particulerly to thy self being a natural English man of birth and education this lande is very temporat How be it our dwellinges in this laÌ„d be variable as fennes marisses wodes heythes valleis playnes and rockie places and neare the sea syde But the sayde Galen geueth counsail in his regimeÌ„t of helth saiyng a good aire which is pure and holsome is that whiche is not troubled in standing waters pooles Therfore maris grouÌ„ds places where hempe flaxe is rotten dead carions be cast or multitudes of people dwelling to together or houses inuironed w t staÌ„ding waters wherinto iakes or sinkes haue issues or wallowing of swine or carioÌ„ vnbruied or foull houses or such like places be dauÌ„gerous corrupteth the bloud whiche is worse then enfectioÌ„ of meate for y e prince saith that al places of concauetes as fellers voltes holes of minerals where mettels be digged or houses or walles ioyned together where as y e sunne with reflexion beateth in w t sodain heate whose absence bryngeth colde This aire is distempered but plesaunt clere aire swete gardens goodlye hilles in daies teÌ„perat when one may se far of These be good also there be certain stars called infortunates in their exalâ—acion whose influence bringeth corruptioÌ„ to creatures rot pestiâ—ence to men beasts poisoning waters killing of fish blasting of frute in trees and corne in the â—ields infecting meÌ„ with diuers â—iseases feuers palses dropsis â—ranses falling sickenesses and eprosis AgaiÌ„st y e said influeÌ„ces â—l christen men must pray to god 〈◊〉 be their defeÌ„ce for thei be gods â—â—strumeÌ„tes to punisheth earth Example we haue of mortall pestilence horrible feuers and sweeting sickenes and of late a generall feuer that this lande is ofteÌ„ greatly plaged withal TheÌ„ one muste make a fier in euerye chymnay within thy house and burne swete perfumes to purge this foule aire and nowe in conclusion to aunswere thy questioÌ„ for the health of dwelling Auicen saith to dwell vpoÌ„ hilles is cold And in valleis comprised with hilles is hote Vpon a hyll syde against the north is cold drie Towarde y e west grose moist verie subtill towardes the East And cleare and warme towards the South And Rasis saieth in his first boke Afforien A maÌ„ dwelling nere the Sea side or greate waters can not liue loÌ„g nor can not be without weakenes of meÌ„bers or blindnes but the bestâ— building of a house is vpoÌ„ a drie ground and a hill towardes the west side and south west dores and windowes opeÌ„ towards the east and north east hauing nere vnto y e said house swete springs of running waters From stony or chaukye grounde whiche is both pleasaunt and profitable to the house For Hippocrates saieth in his boke of aire and water the second chapter Cities townes which is placed toward the east be more surer then the townes builded towardes the north for temperat aire or wynde and sickenesses be les And in the sayde boke Auicen greatly commeÌ„deth pleasant riuers ruÌ„ning towards the rising of the sunne the dwellers in suche places sayeth he be fayre and well fauored smothe skynned cleare sharpe voyces and thus to conclude with thee this shal suffise at this time what and where good pleasant dwelling is Note also that thou must obserue aire in sickenes as thou must do meate in sickenes colde sicknessis warme aire drie sicknessis moiste ayre and so in the contraries to them that be sicke and they that be hole aire of like qualitie is moste holsome they that haue loÌ„g sickeness is chauÌ„ge of aire is a great helpe bothe in feuers dropsies fallyng syckenesses and rumes ¶ Iohn I Haue founde very muche disquietnes in my body when my seruaunts and labouryng familie haue founde ease yet we are partakers of one aire ¶ Humfrey THe cause why thy labouring seruauntes in the fielde at plough pastures or woode haue such good health is exercise and labour thy disquietnes cometh partly of Idlenes and lacke of trauel which moderatly vsed is a thing most soueraint to nature ¶ Iohn I pray y t tel me some thing of exercise ¶ Humfrey THe well learned man Fulgentius saith that exercise is afile and chaufer of the heate natural whiche chasseth away slepe and coÌ„sumeth superfluous strength Of the naturall vertues redeamynge of tyme enemye vnto Idlenes dewe vnto yong men ioy of old meÌ„ and to say y e truthe he which doth abstein froÌ„ exercise shal lacke y e ioyes of helth quietnes both of body mynde And Galen saieth in his regiment of health if we wil kepe ê‘fit health We muste begin of laborrs and moderat trauell and then to our meate and drinke and so for the to slepe this is the cause whye haukers shooters hunters and plowmen and gardeners c. haue so good dysgestyon and strength of bodie Who be stronger armed men then Smithes because of the exercise of there armes stronger boddyed then carpenters which lifteth greate blockes and masons which beareth greate stones not onely in there youth but suche men will take meruelous traueles in age which to Idle people semeth verye paynefull but vnto them selues that trauell no paine but pleasure because of custome These people can disgeste grose meates eating them with much pleasure and slepinge soundlye after them wheras the idle multitudes in Cities noble mens houses great nombers for lacke of exercise doth abhorre meates of lighte disgestion and dantye disshes marye in deade thei may be very profitable to phisicions But if trauell be one of the beste preseruer of helth