their_o nature_n §_o 11._o all_o creature_n express_v a_o delight_n in_o the_o society_n of_o other_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n some_o case_n or_o interval_n wherein_o nature_n seem_v to_o act_v otherwise_o no_o contradiction_n to_o this_o general_a rule_n §_o 12._o all_o animal_n impel_v by_o the_o natural_a constitution_n of_o their_o part_n to_o a_o love_n of_o those_o of_o a_o different_a sex_n and_o to_o a_o natural_a affection_n to_o their_o offspring_n §_o 13._o all_o animal_n take_v delight_n in_o the_o sweet_a passion_n of_o love_n joy_n desire_v etc._n etc._n as_o helpful_a to_o their_o natural_a constitution_n whereas_o the_o contrary_a passion_n when_o inordinate_a be_v high_o destructive_a to_o it_o §_o 14._o mr._n h._n can_v deny_v these_o natural_a propension_n and_o therefore_o be_v force_v to_o suppose_v somewhat_o in_o man_n nature_n that_o render_v he_o more_o unsociable_a than_o brute_n §_o 15._o other_o peculiar_a observation_n relate_v to_o man_n whereby_o he_o be_v make_v more_o capable_a of_o promote_a the_o common_a good_a as_o first_o from_o the_o great_a quantity_n of_o brain_n in_o man_n than_o in_o brute_n §_o 16._o 2._o from_o the_o natural_a constitution_n of_o their_o blood_n and_o spermatick_a vessel_n from_o whence_o arise_v a_o necessity_n of_o marriage_n and_o of_o a_o more_o constant_a and_o last_a love_n to_o their_o offspring_n §_o 17._o 3._o from_o the_o wonderful_a structure_n of_o man_n hand_n it_o be_v prove_v that_o this_o instrument_n be_v give_v we_o for_o some_o more_o noble_a use_n than_o bare_a self-preservation_n §_o 18._o last_o from_o the_o upright_a posture_n of_o man_n body_n and_o way_n of_o motion_n §_o 19_o the_o next_o set_v of_o observation_n tend_v to_o prove_v man_n more_o fit_v for_o the_o promote_a of_o this_o common_a good_a be_v take_v from_o the_o natural_a and_o peculiar_a faculty_n of_o man_n soul_n above_o those_o of_o brute_n and_o 1._o from_o that_o of_o deduce_a effect_n from_o their_o cause_n and_o vice_n versa_fw-la especial_o in_o that_o of_o distinguish_v of_o real_a or_o natural_a from_o apparent_a good_n §_o 20._o what_o be_v understand_v by_o we_o by_o a_o natural_a or_o moral_a good_a or_o evil._n certain_a axiom_n for_o the_o plain_a understanding_n their_o nature_n and_o degree_n §_o 21._o how_o we_o arrive_v to_o a_o idea_n of_o a_o species_n or_o kind_n of_o creature_n and_o also_o to_o a_o notion_n of_o the_o general_a or_o common_a good_a of_o mankind_n §_o 22._o speech_n and_o the_o invention_n of_o letter_n peculiar_a faculty_n of_o man_n nature_n §_o 23._o and_o the_o great_a benefit_n arise_v from_o thence_o in_o order_n to_o the_o common_a good_a §_o 24._o man_n do_v infinite_o exceed_v beast_n in_o their_o discursive_a faculty_n as_o also_o in_o the_o knowledge_n and_o use_n of_o number_n §_o 25._o as_o also_o in_o the_o power_n of_o understanding_n the_o different_a quantity_n and_o proportion_n between_o body_n which_o we_o call_v geometry_n §_o 26._o the_o two_o great_a remain_a prerogative_n of_o humane_a soul_n freedom_n of_o will_n as_o to_o moral_a action_n and_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o god_n §_o 27_o 28._o what_o knowledge_n we_o can_v have_v of_o his_o attribute_n which_o can_v never_o be_v true_o understand_v but_o with_o respect_n to_o their_o great_a end_n the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o common_a good_a of_o the_o universe_n §_o 29._o the_o content_n of_o the_o three_o chapter_n a_o brief_a recapitulation_n of_o the_o former_a chapter_n and_o a_o sum_n up_o all_o those_o observation_n into_o a_o general_a proposition_n of_o god_n willing_a and_o command_v the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a being_n as_o the_o main_a end_n of_o all_o our_o action_n §_o 1._o a_o brief_a explanation_n of_o the_o term_n of_o our_o description_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o that_o word_n be_v not_o always_o essential_a to_o law_n §_o 2._o that_o all_o moral_a truth_n or_o duty_n as_o declare_v by_o god_n be_v contain_v in_o this_o one_o proposition_n of_o endeavour_v the_o common_a good_a certain_a principle_n lay_v down_o for_o the_o prove_v it_o §_o 3_o 4_o 5_o 6._o that_o this_o be_v once_o discover_v to_o we_o we_o lie_v under_o a_o sufficient_a obligation_n to_o observe_v this_o proposition_n as_o a_o natural_a law_n with_o the_o explanation_n of_o the_o term_n obligation_n and_o who_o have_v authority_n to_o oblige_v we_o §_o 7_o 8_o 9_o yet_o that_o this_o obligation_n may_v well_o consist_v with_o the_o freedom_n of_o our_o will_n the_o difference_n between_o a_o mere_a animal_n and_o a_o rational_a or_o natural_a good_a the_o neglect_n of_o which_o distinction_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o epicurus_n and_o mr._n h_n error_n §_o 10._o the_o last_o part_n of_o the_o obligation_n to_o this_o law_n viz._n its_o sanction_n by_o reward_n and_o punishment_n certain_a axiom_n necessary_a to_o be_v know_v in_o order_n to_o the_o right_a understanding_n the_o true_a nature_n of_o a_o moral_a good_a or_o evil_a and_o of_o man_n true_a happiness_n and_o perfection_n with_o its_o difference_n from_o that_o of_o other_o being_n §_o 11._o that_o though_o all_o moral_a obligation_n do_v not_o consist_v in_o reward_n or_o punishment_n yet_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o weakness_n of_o humane_a nature_n it_o be_v insignificant_a without_o they_o with_o a_o scale_n of_o nature_n show_v the_o difference_n between_o vegetable_n and_o inanimate_a body_n and_o between_o man_n and_o brute_n §_o 12._o the_o strict_a sanction_n and_o consequent_o obligation_n to_o all_o law_n consist_v in_o reward_n and_o punishment_n due_o distribute_v god_n right_a of_o dominion_n not_o to_o be_v resolve_v into_o his_o irresistible_a power_n §_o 13._o the_o internal_a reward_n ordain_v by_o god_n in_o nature_n be_v first_o the_o inward_a satisfaction_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o also_o the_o pleasure_n all_o man_n take_v in_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o sweet_a passion_n of_o love_n etc._n etc._n §_o 14_o 15._o the_o external_a reward_n be_v all_o the_o like_a return_n of_o this_o benevolence_n from_o other_o with_o the_o praise_n or_o commendation_n of_o all_o good_a man_n together_o with_o the_o peace_n and_o protection_n of_o the_o civil_a government_n §_o 16_o 17._o last_o from_o god_n soundness_n of_o mind_n and_o body_n with_o all_o those_o outward_a blessing_n he_o usual_o bestow_v on_o the_o peaceable_a and_o virtuous_a with_o a_o solution_n to_o the_o difficulty_n why_o god_n often_o afflict_v good_a man_n §_o 18._o the_o internal_a punishment_n ordain_v by_o god_n for_o the_o transgression_n of_o this_o law_n be_v the_o absence_n or_o privation_n of_o the_o former_a good_a thing_n which_o be_v a_o evil_a and_o a_o punishment_n §_o 19_o error_n and_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o passion_n a_o real_a evil_n and_o a_o internal_a punishment_n §_o 20._o 3._o that_o such_o evil_a action_n can_v but_o be_v often_o displease_v to_o the_o person_n that_o do_v they_o §_o 21._o 4._o that_o vice_n and_o crime_n seldom_o come_v alone_o but_o let_v in_o a_o train_n of_o other_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n or_o worse_o along_o with_o they_o §_o 22._o 5._o that_o such_o a_o offender_n can_v get_v out_o of_o this_o state_n when_o he_o will_v at_o least_o not_o without_o the_o trouble_n of_o repentance_n §_o 23._o 6._o the_o fear_n of_o punishment_n both_o from_o god_n and_o man_n §_o 24._o the_o external_a punishment_n be_v 1._o the_o evil_n that_fw-mi happen_v to_o the_o body_n from_o violent_a and_o unsociable_a passion_n §_o 25._o the_o second_o those_o return_n of_o hatred_n or_o contempt_n which_o all_o such_o man_n must_v expect_v from_o other_o §_o 26._o the_o 3d._n return_v of_o revenge_n from_o those_o they_o have_v injure_v §_o 27._o last_o those_o punishment_n which_o be_v often_o inflict_v by_o the_o civil_a power_n all_o which_o natural_a punishment_n mr._n h._n himself_o acknowledge_v to_o be_v ordain_v by_o god_n §_o 28._o that_o where_o these_o punishment_n fail_v in_o this_o life_n they_o will_v be_v supply_v by_o other_o infinite_o more_o grievous_a and_o durable_a in_o that_o to_o come_v §_o 29._o a_o brief_a recapitulation_n of_o this_o chapter_n that_o this_o proposition_n of_o our_o endeavour_v the_o common_a good_a etc._n etc._n be_v true_o a_o law_n as_o contain_v all_o the_o condition_n requisite_a thereunto_o §_o 30._o the_o content_n of_o the_o four_o chapter_n a_o brief_a repetition_n of_o what_o have_v be_v say_v in_o the_o first_o chapter_n that_o no_o man_n can_v have_v a_o right_a to_o preserve_v his_o own_o life_n but_o as_o it_o conduce_v to_o the_o common_a good_a etc._n etc._n that_o in_o all_o society_n the_o good_a of_o the_o lesser_a part_n must_v give_v place_n and_o be_v subordinate_a to_o that_o of_o the_o great_a §_o 1._o that_o a_o due_a consideration_n of_o this_o law_n will_v lead_v we_o to_o a_o
case_n propose_v unless_o first_o all_o those_o effect_n which_o may_v proceed_v from_o it_o in_o all_o its_o various_a circumstance_n be_v due_o consider_v and_o compare_v together_o so_o that_o the_o contemplation_n both_o of_o the_o cause_n on_o which_o man_n safety_n and_o happiness_n depend_v as_o also_o of_o the_o effect_n which_o may_v be_v produce_v by_o their_o joint_n or_o concur_v force_n and_o endeavour_n must_v necessary_o lead_v our_o mind_n first_o to_o the_o consideration_n of_o all_o other_o man_n and_o next_o of_o ourselves_o as_o a_o very_a small_a part_n of_o mankind_n and_o in_o the_o next_o place_n that_o we_o proceed_v to_o contemplate_v this_o system_fw-la of_o thing_n call_v the_o visible_a world_n but_o more_o especial_o god_n as_o its_o creator_n and_o governor_n according_a to_o the_o method_n lay_v down_o in_o the_o introduction_n to_o this_o discourse_n the_o idea_n of_o which_o be_v due_o consider_v and_o digest_v in_o our_o mind_n we_o may_v draw_v from_o thence_o certain_a conclusion_n by_o which_o we_o may_v judge_v or_o determine_v what_o humane_a thing_n and_o action_n be_v certain_o and_o necessary_o conduce_v to_o the_o common_a good_a and_o happiness_n of_o all_o rational_a being_n and_o in_o which_o every_o particular_a person_n be_v felicity_n or_o wellbeing_a be_v contain_v as_o a_o part_n thereof_o and_o in_o which_o rational_a dictate_v or_o conclusion_n i_o shall_v hereafter_o prove_v this_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o consist_v §_o 5._o no_o body_n i_o suppose_v will_v think_v it_o necessary_a to_o the_o matter_n in_o hand_n that_o i_o shall_v here_o make_v physical_a disquisition_n into_o the_o nature_n of_o all_o thing_n that_o be_v the_o object_n of_o our_o sense_n that_o be_v the_o business_n of_o profess_a naturalist_n it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o we_o to_o show_v that_o all_o the_o rule_n of_o moral_a philosophy_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n may_v be_v at_o last_o resolve_v into_o certain_a natural_a and_o easy_a observation_n gather_v from_o common_a experience_n or_o else_o into_o certain_a conclusion_n establish_v upon_o the_o know_a principle_n of_o mathematics_n and_o physics_n by_o which_o i_o do_v not_o only_o mean_v all_o those_o natural_a law_n of_o matter_n and_o motion_n in_o body_n but_o also_o the_o operation_n of_o our_o own_o soul_n as_o far_o as_o we_o be_v able_a to_o know_v or_o inquire_v into_o they_o from_o all_o which_o by_o the_o order_n of_o natural_a cause_n we_o may_v be_v lead_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o god_n their_o creator_n and_o ordainer_n and_o so_o may_v acknowledge_v he_o as_o the_o only_a cause_n of_o all_o these_o excellent_a effect_n since_o this_o nature_n of_o thing_n do_v as_o well_o suggest_v to_o our_o mind_n the_o idea_n of_o a_o creator_n as_o of_o the_o thing_n create_v and_o so_o supply_v we_o with_o sufficient_a matter_n from_o which_o we_o may_v deduce_v all_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o so_o many_o true_a practical_a proposition_n though_o it_o be_v only_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n or_o creator_n that_o can_v stamp_v any_o authority_n or_o obligation_n upon_o they_o now_o although_o there_o may_v be_v many_o thing_n collect_v from_o our_o knowledge_n of_o several_a being_n in_o the_o world_n that_o may_v serve_v for_o our_o moral_a instruction_n and_o the_o cultivate_a of_o our_o manner_n yet_o i_o shall_v for_o brevity_n sake_n only_o select_v some_o of_o the_o most_o material_a of_o they_o and_o such_o as_o may_v serve_v to_o explain_v our_o short_a account_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o notwithstanding_o several_a author_n have_v so_o much_o enlarge_v upon_o it_o i_o think_v may_v very_o well_o be_v reduce_v to_o this_o single_a proposition_n viz._n the_o most_o universal_a love_n or_o most_o diffusive_a benevolence_n of_o all_o rational_a being_n towards_o each_o other_o constitute_v the_o happy_a state_n they_o can_v be_v capable_a of_o so_o that_o their_o endeavour_n of_o the_o common_a good_a by_o this_o benevolence_n be_v the_o sum_n of_o all_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o in_o which_o they_o be_v all_o contain_v note_v that_o by_o this_o love_n or_o benevolence_n i_o do_v not_o mean_v only_o a_o fruitless_a desire_n or_o wellwishing_a but_o a_o active_a affection_n exert_v itself_o in_o all_o the_o act_n of_o piety_n towards_o god_n duty_n towards_o parent_n kindness_n and_o gratitude_n towards_o our_o country_n friends_z and_o relation_n and_o of_o charity_n and_o humanity_n towards_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n as_o often_o as_o any_o opportunity_n offer_v itself_o §_o 6._o in_o the_o make_n out_o of_o which_o description_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v here_o needless_a to_o inquire_v into_o the_o nature_n of_o our_o soul_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o our_o knowledge_n and_o understanding_n since_o the_o former_a have_v be_v so_o learned_o perform_v by_o the_o reverend_n dr._n ward_n late_a bishop_n of_o salisbury_n and_o the_o latter_a so_o exact_o do_v already_o in_o english_a by_o the_o above_o mention_v author_n of_o the_o essay_n of_o humane_a understanding_n i_o shall_v only_o brief_o suppose_v upon_o his_o principle_n that_o our_o soul_n do_v 1._o from_o the_o very_a birth_n by_o degree_n receive_v idea_n draw_v from_o outward_a object_n by_o our_o sense_n 2._o that_o it_o be_v their_o faculty_n from_o divers_a single_a notion_n or_o idea_n put_v together_o to_o come_v to_o make_v complex_fw-la one_o that_o be_v to_o make_v divers_a proposition_n or_o conclusion_n not_o only_o concern_v their_o own_o inward_a act_n but_o also_o about_o all_o those_o outward_a object_n with_o which_o they_o be_v daily_o conversant_a and_o which_o may_v tend_v to_o the_o find_v out_o the_o ready_a mean_n of_o attain_v to_o and_o preserve_v themselves_o in_o the_o happy_a state_n and_o condition_n they_o be_v able_a to_o acquire_v these_o thing_n be_v suppose_v it_o be_v needless_a to_o trouble_v you_o with_o any_o far_a description_n of_o this_o love_n or_o benevolence_n since_o every_o person_n can_v but_o be_v sufficient_o sensible_a of_o its_o nature_n degree_n and_o various_a operation_n that_o will_v but_o make_v any_o selfreflection_n upon_o his_o own_o inward_a affection_n §_o 7._o but_o as_o for_o the_o due_a connexion_n of_o the_o term_n of_o this_o proposition_n in_o which_o its_o truth_n do_v chief_o consist_v it_o seem_v to_o i_o plain_a enough_o it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o to_o affirm_v that_o our_o endeavour_n of_o procure_v all_o the_o good_a thing_n in_o our_o power_n and_o which_o be_v most_o conduce_v to_o our_o own_o preservation_n and_o happiness_n and_o of_o all_o other_o rational_a being_n be_v the_o best_a or_o chief_a thing_n that_o all_o person_n can_v do_v to_o render_v both_o themselves_o and_o all_o other_o as_o happy_a as_o their_o nature_n will_v permit_v or_o can_v require_v and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o sure_a or_o more_o powerful_a mean_n to_o be_v discover_v by_o we_o whereby_o we_o may_v obtain_v a_o full_a enjoyment_n of_o all_o the_o good_a thing_n of_o this_o life_n and_o the_o hope_n of_o that_o to_o come_v than_o by_o endeavour_v our_o own_o felicity_n in_o conjunction_n with_o that_o of_o other_o so_o that_o from_o what_o i_o have_v already_o advance_v the_o reader_n may_v collect_v these_o two_o proposition_n 1._o that_o the_o foundation_n of_o all_o our_o natural_a happiness_n consist_v in_o a_o habitual_a determination_n of_o the_o will_n to_o the_o utmost_a of_o its_o ability_n and_o perfection_n whereby_o we_o may_v be_v always_o ready_a and_o prepare_v to_o endeavour_v this_o common_a good_a of_o rational_n 2._o that_o the_o true_a happiness_n of_o each_o individual_a person_n can_v be_v separate_v from_o that_o of_o other_o rational_n since_o the_o whole_a do_v not_o differ_v from_o all_o its_o part_n take_v together_o so_o that_o this_o proposition_n concern_v this_o general_a or_o diffusive_a benevolence_n be_v thus_o to_o be_v understand_v viz._n not_o to_o mean_v or_o only_o intend_v what_o any_o single_a or_o a_o few_o person_n may_v perform_v towards_o the_o procure_n of_o their_o own_o private_a happiness_n or_o that_o of_o their_o own_o party_n or_o faction_n distinct_a from_o that_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n but_o what_o all_o particular_a person_n may_v joint_o contribute_v to_o render_v themselves_o and_o other_o happy_a that_o be_v what_o each_o of_o they_o may_v rational_o perform_v towards_o the_o obtain_n this_o common_a felicity_n for_o it_o ought_v first_o to_o be_v know_v in_o general_a what_o all_o man_n be_v able_a to_o do_v or_o not_o to_o do_v towards_o any_o common_a end_n such_o as_o be_v the_o common_a happiness_n of_o rational_n and_o than_o what_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o any_o particular_a person_n in_o this_o or_o that_o case_n to_o perform_v for_o example_n towards_o his_o own_o private_a happiness_n as_o separate_v from_o
and_o obvious_a observation_n from_o the_o nature_n of_o those_o thing_n without_o we_o which_o we_o daily_o stand_v in_o need_n and_o make_v use_n of_o as_o may_v serve_v to_o prove_v after_o what_o manner_n we_o ought_v to_o make_v use_n of_o they_o and_o whence_o that_o right_o arise_v we_o have_v to_o they_o i_o come_v now_o to_o make_v the_o like_a observation_n from_o the_o nature_n of_o mankind_n in_o order_n to_o the_o prove_v that_o we_o be_v design_v by_o god_n for_o the_o good_a and_o preservation_n of_o other_o beside_o ourselves_o and_o that_o in_o the_o do_n of_o this_o we_o procure_v as_o far_o as_o lie_v in_o our_o power_n the_o good_a and_o happiness_n of_o all_o rational_a being_n in_o which_o our_o own_o be_v likewise_o include_v to_o perform_v this_o task_n i_o shall_v first_o take_v notice_n of_o those_o quality_n or_o property_n that_o belong_v to_o man_n 1_o as_o a_o mere_a natural_a body_n 2_o such_o as_o belong_v to_o he_o as_o a_o animal_n 3_o such_o as_o be_v peculiar_a to_o he_o as_o a_o rational_a creature_n endue_v with_o a_o high_a and_o noble_a principle_n than_o brute_n viz._n a_o immortal_a soul_n §_o 2._o to_o begin_v with_o the_o first_o of_o these_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o as_o a_o natural_a body_n he_o be_v endue_v with_o these_o property_n common_a to_o all_o other_o natural_a body_n first_o that_o all_o his_o motion_n in_o which_o his_o life_n strength_n and_o health_n consist_v do_v all_o proceed_v from_o god_n the_o first_o and_o original_a or_o cause_n of_o they_o and_o be_v necessary_o complicate_v with_o and_o depend_v upon_o the_o motion_n of_o innumerable_a other_o body_n among_o which_o the_o corporeal_a motion_n of_o other_o which_o do_v often_o limit_v and_o restrain_v our_o own_o be_v first_o and_o chief_o to_o be_v consider_v 2_o that_o from_o they_o as_o from_o other_o body_n motion_n may_v be_v propagate_v indefinite_o and_o which_o do_v not_o perish_v but_o concur_v with_o other_o motion_n to_o perpetuate_v the_o succession_n of_o thing_n that_o be_v contribute_v to_o the_o conservation_n of_o the_o universe_n and_o as_o the_o former_a teach_v we_o that_o a_o particular_a end_n viz._n our_o own_o preservation_n depend_v upon_o our_o common_a or_o joint_a force_n or_o natural_a power_n so_o this_o latter_a instruct_v we_o that_o such_o power_n and_o motion_n of_o particular_a person_n be_v often_o most_o beneficial_a and_o conduce_v to_o the_o common_a good_a of_o all_o man_n the_o first_o of_o these_o conclusion_n forbid_v we_o to_o hope_v for_o or_o endeavour_v our_o own_o private_a good_a or_o happiness_n as_o separate_v and_o distinct_a from_o that_o of_o all_o other_o and_o so_o excite_v we_o to_o seek_v the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_n as_o the_o original_a of_o our_o own_o particular_a happiness_n the_o other_o conclusion_n show_v that_o this_o endeavour_n of_o the_o common_a good_a can_v never_o prove_v in_o vain_a or_o to_o no_o purpose_n since_o it_o concur_v with_o the_o will_n of_o god_n and_o conduce_v to_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o universe_n and_o of_o all_o humane_a creature_n therein_o contain_v and_o far_o that_o in_o each_o complicate_v motion_n as_o well_o in_o that_o towards_o which_o divers_a cause_n concur_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o any_o body_n for_o a_o certain_a time_n as_o also_o in_o that_o whereby_o each_o particular_a body_n concur_v to_o the_o conservation_n of_o the_o whole_a system_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a order_n still_o observe_v whereby_o some_o motion_n be_v necessary_o determine_v by_o other_o in_o a_o continual_a series_n or_o succession_n all_o which_o be_v yet_o govern_v or_o overrule_v by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o whole_a system_n of_o natural_a body_n and_o although_o this_o sort_n of_o contemplation_n may_v seem_v remote_a from_o common_a use_n yet_o be_v it_o not_o to_o be_v contemn_v as_o altogether_o unprofitable_a in_o humane_a affair_n for_o it_o make_v we_o more_o distinct_o perceive_v from_o some_o certain_a general_a principle_n how_o necessary_a a_o constant_a and_o certain_a order_n be_v among_o those_o cause_n that_o act_n from_o corporeal_a force_n so_o that_o many_o of_o they_o may_v each_o in_o their_o order_n successive_o concur_v to_o a_o effect_n foresee_v or_o design_v by_o we_o and_o far_o show_v we_o a_o rule_n how_o we_o may_v certain_o judge_v what_o cause_n do_v more_o or_o less_o contribute_v to_o the_o effect_v seek_v for_o or_o desire_v so_o that_o from_o the_o natural_a power_n of_o these_o cause_n their_o order_n dignity_n or_o power_n in_o respect_n to_o each_o effect_n be_v to_o be_v determine_v and_o judge_v of_o and_o we_o be_v teach_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n as_o well_o what_o cause_n be_v to_o be_v most_o esteem_v for_o those_o good_a effect_n they_o have_v or_o may_v produce_v as_o also_o which_o be_v most_o diligent_o to_o be_v seek_v for_o the_o obtain_v those_o end_n which_o we_o desire_v and_o by_o which_o mean_v it_o may_v be_v also_o know_v that_o those_o cause_n which_o philosopher_n call_v universal_a viz._n god_n the_o first_o cause_n and_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o celestial_a body_n as_o proceed_v from_o he_o be_v the_o original_a cause_n of_o the_o common_a good_a or_o happiness_n of_o mankind_n a_o part_n of_o which_o we_o either_o always_o do_v actual_o or_o can_v hope_v to_o enjoy_v §_o 3._o but_o omit_v those_o motion_n which_o be_v not_o in_o our_o power_n to_o influence_n or_o alter_v it_o be_v certain_a that_o among_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v in_o either_o our_o power_n to_o do_v or_o forbear_v those_o voluntary_a humane_a motion_n proceed_v from_o a_o universal_a benevolence_n of_o all_o man_n towards_o all_o other_o be_v the_o principal_a cause_n of_o their_o common_a happiness_n and_o in_o which_o every_o one_o private_a good_n be_v include_v since_o from_o this_o source_n proceed_v all_o those_o action_n by_o which_o man_n innocence_n and_o fidelity_n towards_o each_o other_o be_v preserve_v as_o also_o by_o which_o humanity_n gratitude_n and_o almost_o all_o the_o other_o virtue_n be_v exert_v and_o perform_v after_o as_o certain_a a_o manner_n as_o the_o natural_a motion_n of_o the_o spirit_n bowel_n nerve_n and_o joint_n in_o a_o animal_n do_v whole_o proceed_v from_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o circulation_n of_o the_o blood_n which_o judgement_n or_o determination_n be_v take_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n due_o consider_v shall_v without_o doubt_n cause_v we_o to_o yield_v obedience_n to_o all_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o contribute_v to_o this_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a agent_n and_o may_v make_v we_o also_o diligent_o to_o take_v care_n that_o the_o same_o be_v observe_v by_o other_o so_o that_o there_o may_v be_v nothing_o want_v that_o can_v be_v do_v by_o we_o whereby_o we_o may_v not_o be_v render_v as_o happy_a as_o our_o frail_a nature_n in_o this_o will_v allow_v since_o right_a reason_n can_v propose_v no_o high_a or_o noble_a end_n than_o this_o of_o all_o our_o moral_a action_n §_o 4._o yet_o whilst_o we_o compare_v the_o aggregate_v body_n of_o mankind_n as_o far_o as_o we_o can_v act_n by_o corporeal_a force_n with_o the_o natural_a system_n of_o other_o body_n i_o be_o not_o unmindful_a of_o the_o manifest_a difference_n there_o be_v between_o they_o viz._n that_o all_o the_o effect_n of_o mere_a corporeal_a system_n be_v produce_v by_o the_o contiguity_n and_o immediate_a operation_n of_o body_n move_v upon_o other_o that_o be_v to_o be_v move_v by_o they_o without_o any_o sense_n deliberation_n or_o liberty_n which_o be_v only_o to_o be_v find_v in_o humane_a action_n in_o who_o motion_n and_o operation_n on_o each_o other_o though_o a_o great_a difference_n often_o intervene_v yet_o for_o all_o that_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o corporeal_a power_n of_o man_n when_o exert_v be_v subject_a to_o the_o same_o law_n of_o motion_n with_o other_o body_n and_o that_o divers_a man_n may_v often_o cooperate_v to_o one_o certain_a effect_n relate_v to_o the_o good_a or_o hurt_v of_o other_o so_o that_o there_o be_v the_o same_o necessity_n of_o a_o subordination_n between_o humane_a motion_n as_o there_o be_v between_o those_o of_o other_o body_n and_o i_o must_v here_o far_o take_v notice_n that_o man_n have_v frequent_a opportunity_n of_o meet_v together_o and_o also_o many_o other_o mean_n by_o which_o they_o may_v hurt_v or_o help_v each_o other_o by_o word_n write_v or_o other_o action_n so_o that_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o mankind_n in_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o their_o life_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v consider_v as_o one_o entire_a system_fw-la of_o body_n consist_v of_o several_a particular_a part_n so_o that_o nothing_o almost_o can_v be_v do_v in_o relation_n to_o any_o man_n life_n family_n or_o fortune_n which_o do_v
be_v common_o receive_v and_o practise_v by_o most_o nation_n for_o their_o general_a usefulness_n and_o conveniency_n yet_o it_o must_v be_v acknowledge_v that_o there_o be_v still_o require_v the_o knowledge_n of_o god_n as_o a_o legislator_n by_o who_o authority_n alone_o they_o can_v obtain_v the_o force_n of_o law_n the_o proof_n of_o which_o though_o the_o most_o material_a part_n of_o the_o question_n have_v be_v hitherto_o omit_v or_o but_o slight_o touch_v by_o former_a writer_n on_o this_o subject_a but_o beside_o the_o objection_n of_o some_o of_o the_o ancient_n mr._n selden_n and_o mr._n hobbs_n have_v also_o argue_v against_o this_o method_n though_o upon_o divers_a principle_n and_o from_o different_a design_n the_o latter_a intend_v that_o no_o body_n shall_v receive_v these_o dictate_v of_o reason_n as_o obligatory_a to_o outward_a action_n before_o a_o supreme_a civil_a power_n be_v institute_v who_o shall_v ordain_v they_o to_o be_v observe_v as_o law_n and_o though_o he_o sometime_o vouchsafe_v they_o that_o title_n yet_o in_o his_o de_n cive_z cap._n 14._o he_o tell_v we_o that_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n they_o be_v but_o improper_o call_v so_o and_o that_o though_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n may_v be_v find_v large_o describe_v in_o the_o write_n of_o philosopher_n yet_o be_v they_o not_o for_o this_o cause_n to_o be_v call_v law_n any_o more_o than_o the_o write_n or_o opinion_n of_o lawyer_n be_v law_n till_o confirm_v and_o make_v so_o by_o the_o supreme_a power_n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n mr._n selden_n more_o fair_o find_v fault_n with_o the_o want_n of_o authority_n in_o these_o dictate_v of_o reason_n consider_v only_o as_o such_o that_o he_o may_v from_o hence_o show_v we_o a_o necessity_n of_o recur_v to_o the_o legislative_a power_n of_o god_n and_o that_o he_o may_v thereby_o make_v out_o that_o those_o dictate_v of_o reason_n do_v only_o acquire_v the_o force_n of_o law_n because_o all_o our_o knowledge_n of_o they_o be_v to_o be_v derive_v from_o god_n alone_o who_o when_o he_o make_v these_o rule_n know_v to_o we_o do_v then_o and_o not_o before_o promulgate_v they_o to_o we_o as_o law_n and_o so_o far_o i_o think_v he_o be_v in_o the_o right_n and_o have_v well_o enough_o correct_v our_o common_a moralist_n who_o be_v wont_a to_o consider_v these_o dictate_v of_o reason_n as_o law_n without_o any_o sufficient_a proof_n that_o they_o have_v all_o the_o condition_n require_v to_o make_v they_o so_o viz._n that_o they_o be_v establish_v and_o declare_v to_o we_o by_o god_n as_o a_o legislator_n who_o have_v annex_v to_o they_o sufficient_a reward_n and_o punishment_n but_o i_o think_v it_o be_v evident_a that_o if_o these_o rational_a dictate_v can_n by_o any_o mean_n be_v prove_v to_o proceed_v from_o the_o will_n of_o god_n the_o author_n of_o nature_n as_o rule_n for_o all_o our_o moral_a action_n they_o will_v not_o need_v any_o humane_a authority_n much_o less_o the_o consent_n or_o tradition_n of_o any_o one_o or_o many_o nation_n to_o make_v they_o know_v to_o be_v so_o therefore_o though_o i_o grant_v this_o learned_a author_n have_v take_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o pain_n to_o prove_v from_o divers_a general_a tradition_n of_o the_o jewish_a rabbin_n that_o god_n give_v certain_a command_n to_o adam_n and_o after_o to_o noah_n contain_v in_o these_o seven_o precept_n call_v by_o his_o name_n and_o that_o those_o various_a quotation_n this_o learned_a author_n have_v there_o produce_v do_v clear_o prove_v that_o the_o jew_n believe_v that_o all_o nation_n whatever_o although_o they_o do_v not_o receive_v the_o law_n of_o moses_n yet_o be_v oblige_v to_o observe_v the_o same_o moral_a law_n which_o they_o conceive_v to_o be_v all_o contain_v under_o the_o precept_n above_o mention_v and_o though_o this_o work_n be_v indeed_o most_o learned_o and_o judicious_o perform_v and_o may_v prove_v of_o great_a use_n in_o christian_a theology_n yet_o i_o must_v confess_v it_o still_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o he_o have_v not_o sufficient_o answer_v his_o own_o objection_n concern_v man_n ignorance_n or_o want_v of_o discovery_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n for_o although_o it_o shall_v be_v grant_v that_o those_o tradition_n they_o call_v the_o precept_n of_o noah_n shall_v be_v never_o so_o general_o or_o firm_o believe_v by_o the_o whole_a jewish_a nation_n yet_o be_v they_o not_o therefore_o make_v know_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n and_o one_o of_o they_o viz._n that_o of_o not_o eat_v any_o part_n or_o member_n of_o a_o live_a creature_n be_v just_o deride_v and_o receive_v with_o scorn_n by_o all_o other_o nation_n so_o that_o it_o seem_v evident_a to_o i_o that_o the_o unwritten_a tradition_n of_o the_o learned_a man_n of_o any_o one_o nation_n can_v be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o sufficient_a promulgation_n make_v by_o god_n as_o a_o lawgiver_n of_o those_o law_n or_o precept_n therein_o contain_v and_o that_o all_o nation_n who_o perhaps_o have_v never_o hear_v of_o adam_n or_o noah_n shall_v be_v condemn_v for_o not_o live_v according_o to_o they_o especial_o when_o we_o consider_v that_o it_o be_v but_o in_o these_o latter_a age_n of_o the_o world_n that_o the_o jewish_a rabbin_n begin_v to_o commit_v these_o tradition_n to_o write_v and_o that_o it_o be_v most_o probable_a the_o ancient_a jew_n know_v nothing_o of_o they_o since_o neither_o josephus_n nor_o philo_n judaeus_n take_v any_o notice_n of_o these_o precept_n in_o their_o write_n therefore_o that_o the_o divine_a authority_n of_o those_o dictate_v of_o right_a reason_n or_o rule_n of_o life_n call_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n may_v more_o evident_o be_v demonstrate_v to_o all_o consider_v man_n it_o seem_v to_o i_o the_o best_a and_o fit_a method_n to_o inquire_v first_o into_o their_o natural_a cause_n as_o well_o internal_a as_o external_a remote_a as_o near_o since_o by_o this_o series_n of_o cause_n and_o effect_n we_o may_v at_o last_o be_v more_o easy_o bring_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o will_n of_o god_n their_o first_o cause_n from_o who_o intrinsic_a perfection_n and_o extrinsic_a sanction_n by_o fit_a reward_n and_o due_a punishment_n we_o have_v endeavour_v to_o show_v that_o as_o well_o their_o authority_n as_o promulgation_n be_v derive_v i_o know_v indeed_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o former_a writer_n have_v be_v content_a to_o suppose_v that_o these_o dictate_v of_o reason_n and_o all_o act_n conformable_a thereunto_o be_v teach_v we_o by_o nature_n or_o at_o most_o do_v only_o affirm_v in_o general_a that_o they_o proceed_v from_o god_n without_o show_v we_o which_o way_n or_o the_o manner_n how_o therefore_o it_o seem_v high_o necessary_a to_o we_o that_o we_o ought_v to_o inquire_v more_o exact_o how_o the_o force_n of_o object_n from_o without_o and_o of_o our_o own_o notion_n or_o idea_n from_o within_o we_o do_v both_o concur_v towards_o the_o imprint_n and_o fix_v these_o principle_n in_o our_o mind_n as_o law_n derive_v from_o the_o will_n of_o god_n himself_o which_o work_n if_o it_o be_v well_o perform_v we_o hope_v may_v prove_v of_o great_a use_n not_o only_o to_o our_o own_o nation_n but_o to_o all_o mankind_n because_o from_o hence_o it_o may_v appear_v both_o by_o what_o mean_n man_n understand_n may_v attain_v to_o a_o true_a and_o natural_a knowledge_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n or_o law_n of_o god_n so_o that_o if_o they_o practise_v they_o not_o they_o may_v be_v leave_v without_o excuse_n and_o this_o principle_n will_v likewise_o serve_v for_o a_o general_a rule_n by_o which_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o every_o commonwealth_n may_v be_v try_v whether_o they_o be_v just_o and_o right_o or_o not_o that_o be_v agreeable_a with_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o so_o may_v be_v correct_v and_o amend_v by_o the_o supreme_a power_n whenever_o they_o have_v deviate_v from_o this_o great_a end_n of_o the_o common_a good_n and_o from_o hence_o may_v also_o be_v demonstrate_v that_o there_o be_v somewhat_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o god_n as_o also_o in_o our_o own_o and_o all_o other_o man_n nature_n which_o administer_v present_a comfort_n and_o satisfaction_n to_o our_o mind_n from_o good_a action_n as_o also_o firm_a hope_n or_o presage_v of_o a_o future_a happiness_n as_o a_o reward_n for_o they_o when_o this_o life_n be_v end_v whereas_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o great_a misery_n and_o most_o dismal_a fear_n do_v proceed_v from_o wicked_a or_o evil_a action_n from_o whence_o the_o conscience_n seem_v furnish_v as_o it_o be_v with_o whip_n and_o scorpion_n to_o correct_v and_o punish_v all_o vice_n and_o improbity_n so_o that_o it_o may_v from_o hence_o appear_v that_o man_n be_v not_o delude_v in_o their_o moral_a notion_n either_o by_o clergyman_n or_o politician_n i_o grant_v the_o platonist_n undertake_v to_o dispatch_v
show_v we_o that_o not_o the_o private_a felicity_n of_o any_o single_a man_n be_v the_o principal_a end_n of_o god_n the_o legislator_n or_o aught_o to_o be_v so_o of_o any_o one_o who_o will_v true_o obey_v his_o will_n and_o by_o a_o parity_n of_o reason_n it_o also_o appear_v that_o those_o humane_a action_n which_o from_o their_o own_o natural_a force_n and_o efficacy_n be_v apt_a to_o promote_v the_o common_a good_a be_v certain_o better_a than_o those_o which_o do_v only_o serve_v the_o private_a good_a of_o any_o one_o man_n and_o that_o by_o the_o same_o proportion_n as_o a_o common_a good_a be_v great_a than_o a_o private_a so_o likewise_o those_o action_n which_o take_v the_o near_a way_n to_o attain_v this_o effect_n as_o a_o end_n be_v call_v right_o because_o of_o their_o natural_a similitude_n with_o a_o right_n or_o straight_o line_n which_o be_v always_o the_o short_a between_o the_o two_o term_n but_o the_o same_o action_n when_o compare_v with_o a_o natural_a or_o 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person_n who_o can_v either_o promote_v or_o oppose_v this_o common_a good_a be_v part_n of_o that_o whole_a body_n of_o mankind_n which_o be_v either_o preserve_v or_o prejudice_v by_o their_o endeavour_n we_o shall_v not_o now_o descend_v to_o the_o particular_a proof_n as_o they_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o cause_n of_o such_o action_n of_o which_o we_o have_v partly_o treat_v in_o the_o chapter_n of_o humane_a nature_n and_o partly_o from_o their_o natural_a effect_n and_o consequence_n of_o which_o we_o have_v large_o discourse_v in_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o also_o in_o the_o second_o part_n in_o our_o observation_n on_o mr._n h_n principle_n all_o which_o may_v nevertheless_o be_v reduce_v to_o these_o plain_a proposition_n 1._o as_o i_o have_v observe_v it_o be_v manifest_a that_o our_o felicity_n or_o high_a reward_n be_v essential_o connect_v by_o god_n the_o legislator_n with_o the_o most_o full_a and_o constant_a exercise_n 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of_o preserve_v amity_n both_o with_o god_n and_o man_n here_o be_v thereby_o present_o declare_v the_o sanction_n of_o this_o general_a law_n of_o nature_n which_o we_o be_v now_o inquire_v into_o for_o this_o alone_a establish_v all_o natural_a religion_n and_o also_o all_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o the_o happiness_n and_o preservation_n of_o mankind_n which_o be_v beside_o piety_n towards_o god_n 1._o a_o peaceable_a commerce_n and_o agreement_n of_o divers_a nation_n which_o be_v treat_v of_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n which_o be_v but_o a_o branch_n or_o subordinate_a member_n of_o this_o great_a law_n of_o nature_n 2._o the_o constitution_n and_o conservation_n of_o a_o civil_a society_n or_o commonwealth_n which_o be_v the_o scope_n of_o all_o civil_a law_n and_o 3._o the_o continuance_n of_o domestic_a relation_n and_o private_a friendship_n concern_v which_o the_o general_a rule_n of_o ethic_n as_o also_o the_o more_o particular_a one_o of_o oeconomy_n do_v prescribe_v and_o therefore_o we_o have_v put_v together_o many_o thing_n in_o the_o chapter_n of_o humane_a nature_n by_o which_o all_o particular_a person_n of_o sound_a mind_n be_v some_o way_n render_v capable_a of_o so_o large_a a_o society_n and_o be_v either_o more_o near_o or_o remote_o dispose_v to_o it_o and_o we_o do_v here_o entreat_v the_o reader_n that_o he_o will_v not_o consider_v those_o thing_n each_o of_o they_o single_o or_o apart_o but_o all_o together_o since_o from_o all_o of_o they_o conjoin_v he_o may_v raise_v a_o sufficient_a argument_n to_o prove_v the_o existence_n and_o evince_v the_o sanction_n of_o this_o most_o general_a law_n of_o nature_n and_o that_o man_n will_v necessary_o fail_v of_o their_o happiness_n which_o chief_o consist_v in_o the_o adequate_a or_o proper_a exercise_n of_o their_o rational_a faculty_n unless_o they_o will_v exercise_v they_o in_o cultivate_v this_o amity_n or_o love_n both_o with_o god_n and_o man_n to_o which_o end_v they_o be_v before_o all_o other_o animal_n particular_o adapt_v but_o from_o the_o effect_n of_o such_o action_n conduce_v to_o the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a being_n we_o have_v also_o further_o show_v in_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n that_o this_o sanction_n by_o sufficient_a reward_n and_o punishment_n be_v most_o common_o connect_v with_o such_o action_n and_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o in_o the_o first_o place_n god_n as_o the_o best_a and_o wise_a of_o rational_a being_n be_v to_o be_v love_v and_o honour_v by_o such_o action_n or_o endeavour_n as_o that_o the_o good_n and_o fortune_n of_o all_o innocent_a person_n of_o what_o nation_n soever_o be_v thereby_o secure_v as_o far_o as_o lie_v in_o our_o power_n and_o all_o thing_n profitable_a for_o particular_a person_n procure_v according_a to_o the_o proportion_n they_o bear_v to_o the_o good_a of_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o mankind_n so_o that_o this_o law_n will_v not_o permit_v any_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v which_o the_o care_n of_o the_o whole_a do_v not_o allow_v nor_o can_v any_o thing_n be_v suppose_v more_o worthy_a a_o rational_a creature_n and_o from_o whence_o great_a effect_n can_v proceed_v than_o a_o will_v always_o propeuse_n towards_o the_o good_a of_o this_o whole_a body_n govern_v by_o the_o conduct_n of_o a_o right_a understanding_n therefore_o since_o it_o can_v certain_o be_v foreknow_v that_o such_o effect_n will_v follow_v from_o this_o endeavour_n no_o man_n can_v be_v ignorant_a that_o all_o the_o joy_n and_o present_a comfort_n of_o true_a piety_n be_v therein_o contain_v together_o with_o the_o hope_n of_o a_o bless_a immortality_n beside_o those_o many_o conveniency_n of_o peace_n and_o commerce_n with_o those_o of_o other_o nation_n and_o all_o those_o emolument_n both_o of_o civil_a and_o domestic_a government_n and_o private_a friendship_n which_o be_v connect_v with_o this_o endeavour_n as_o the_o common_a reward_n thereof_o and_o which_o can_v by_o any_o mean_n within_o our_o power_n be_v otherwise_o obtain_v so_o that_o he_o who_o neglect_v the_o care_n of_o the_o common_a good_a do_v also_o reject_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o his_o own_o felicity_n and_o embrace_v those_o of_o his_o misery_n as_o a_o punishment_n due_a to_o his_o folly_n in_o short_a since_o it_o be_v manifest_a from_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n that_o the_o high_a happiness_n which_o we_o can_v procure_v for_o our_o self_n proceed_v from_o our_o care_n both_o of_o piety_n to_o god_n and_o love_n and_o peace_n with_o men._n and_o that_o the_o endeavour_n of_o these_o can_v only_o be_v find_v in_o his_o soul_n who_o true_o study_v the_o common_a good_a of_o all_o rational_a being_n it_o be_v also_o evident_a that_o the_o great_a reward_n that_o any_o one_o can_v acquire_v be_v necessary_o connect_v with_o this_o endeavour_n
that_o of_o all_o other_o though_o such_o case_n be_v indefinite_a can_v be_v certain_o or_o distinct_o know_v §_o 8._o but_o indeed_o the_o care_n of_o any_o particular_a person_n or_o a_o few_o man_n happiness_n be_v render_v useless_a for_o the_o present_a nor_o can_v be_v hope_v for_o the_o future_a if_o it_o be_v seek_v by_o oppose_v or_o postpone_v the_o happiness_n of_o all_o other_o rational_n because_o the_o mind_n be_v thus_o affect_v a_o main_a and_o essential_a part_n of_o its_o own_o felicity_n must_v needs_o still_o be_v want_v viz._n that_o inward_a peace_n of_o conscience_n proceed_v from_o a_o solid_a reason_n and_o true_a prudence_n always_o constant_a and_o agreeable_a to_o itself_o for_o whilst_o such_o a_o person_n resolve_v to_o act_v by_o one_o rule_n towards_o himself_o and_o by_o another_o towards_o all_o other_o who_o be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o therefore_o need_v and_o require_v the_o same_o thing_n with_o himself_o he_o must_v needs_o contradict_v his_o own_o reason_n and_o so_o want_v that_o true_a joy_n and_o satisfaction_n constant_o spring_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o a_o just_a benevolent_a and_o good-natured_a person_n from_o the_o sense_n of_o another_o good_a and_o happiness_n when_o promote_v or_o procure_v by_o himself_o so_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o any_o man_n to_o be_v true_o happy_a who_o not_o only_o neglect_v the_o necessary_a cause_n thereof_o god_n and_o all_o other_o man_n on_o who_o help_n and_o assistance_n his_o true_a happiness_n and_o wellbeing_a whole_o depend_v but_o also_o provoke_v they_o to_o his_o certain_a ruin_n and_o destruction_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o sure_a way_n which_o can_v bring_v any_o man_n to_o the_o attain_v his_o own_o particular_a happiness_n but_o that_o which_o lead_v he_o also_o to_o endeavour_v the_o common_a good_a of_o all_o other_o man_n as_o well_o as_o his_o own_o §_o 9_o but_o i_o here_o acknowledge_v that_o this_o proposition_n concern_v universal_a benevolence_n can_v be_v of_o sufficient_a efficacy_n for_o the_o due_a order_v our_o action_n and_o correct_v our_o manner_n until_o we_o have_v first_o propose_v to_o ourselves_o this_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a being_n viz._n our_o own_o felicity_n in_o conjunction_n with_o that_o of_o other_o as_o our_o main_a end_n and_o that_o we_o be_v convince_v that_o the_o various_a act_n contain_v under_o this_o general_a love_n or_o benevolence_n be_v the_o only_a true_a mean_n to_o procure_v it_o the_o truth_n of_o which_o proposition_n be_v in_o the_o first_o place_n to_o be_v make_v manifest_a to_o we_o in_o the_o next_o all_o those_o other_o proposition_n that_o can_v be_v deduce_v from_o thence_o such_o as_o be_v those_o less_o general_a one_o which_o determine_v concern_v the_o natural_a power_n of_o fidelity_n gratitude_n paternal_a and_o filial_a affection_n as_o also_o of_o all_o other_o particular_a virtue_n necessary_a for_o the_o obtain_v any_o part_n of_o this_o humane_a felicity_n for_o as_o well_o the_o whole_a truth_n of_o this_o proposition_n as_o of_o all_o those_o which_o follow_v from_o thence_o depend_v upon_o the_o natural_a and_o necessary_a power_n of_o such_o action_n as_o real_a cause_n produce_v such_o effect_n §_o 10._o and_o though_o perhaps_o it_o may_v at_o first_o sight_n seem_v to_o detract_v from_o their_o certainty_n that_o they_o depend_v upon_o such_o a_o uncertain_a cause_n as_o man_n will._n yet_o however_o it_o suffice_v for_o their_o truth_n and_o certainty_n that_o whenever_o such_o voluntary_a cause_n shall_v exert_v themselves_o such_o effect_n will_v certain_o be_v produce_v thus_o in_o arithmetic_n we_o free_o add_v and_o subtract_v that_o be_v we_o can_v choose_v whether_o we_o will_v perform_v those_o operation_n or_o not_o but_o if_o we_o reckon_v true_o we_o shall_v always_o find_v the_o total_a equal_a to_o all_o the_o particular_n either_o add_v or_o subtract_v and_o there_o be_v a_o like_a certain_a and_o true_a connexion_n between_o all_o the_o cause_n and_o effect_n which_o can_v be_v know_v in_o any_o other_o science_n and_o this_o i_o have_v likewise_o imitate_v in_o this_o treatise_n of_o moral_a philosophy_n by_o reduce_v all_o the_o part_n of_o which_o it_o consist_v to_o this_o one_o head_n or_o sum_n viz._n love_n or_o benevolence_n which_o idea_n i_o shall_v improve_v by_o inquire_v into_o its_o several_a kind_n and_o show_v the_o necessary_a connexion_n of_o this_o or_o that_o particular_a action_n with_o the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o great_a end_n seek_v for_o by_o we_o §_o 11._o but_o since_o our_o voluntary_a action_n alone_o can_v be_v govern_v by_o reason_n and_o those_o only_o which_o concern_v intelligent_a agent_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v in_o moral_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o from_o none_o of_o all_o these_o action_n we_o can_v frame_v a_o high_a or_o more_o comprehensive_a idea_n than_o this_o of_o universal_a benevolence_n which_o comprehend_v the_o willing_a and_o endeavour_v of_o all_o good_a thing_n and_o the_o removal_n or_o hinder_v of_o all_o evil_a one_o from_o those_o object_n about_o which_o it_o be_v conversant_a and_o this_o benevolence_n extend_v its_o self_n to_o all_o moral_a action_n as_o well_o those_o of_o consider_v and_o compare_v divers_a good_n with_o each_o other_o as_o of_o inquire_v into_o the_o mean_n by_o which_o they_o may_v be_v produce_v nor_o be_v it_o more_o certain_o true_a that_o the_o addition_n of_o several_a number_n make_v a_o sum_n total_a than_o that_o this_o benevolence_n produce_v a_o general_a good_a effect_n to_o all_o those_o towards_o who_o we_o exert_v it_o thus_o it_o be_v as_o certain_a that_o piety_n fidelity_n gratitude_n paternal_a and_o conjugal_a affection_n together_o with_o filial_a duty_n make_v up_o the_o chief_a and_o constituent_a part_n of_o this_o benevolence_n as_o that_o addition_n substraction_n multiplication_n and_o division_n be_v several_a part_n of_o arithmetic_n so_o that_o it_o be_v no_o material_a objection_n that_o this_o universal_a benevolence_n may_v be_v prejudice_v or_o lessen_v by_o the_o wickedness_n or_o ill-nature_n of_o men._n so_o that_o the_o great_a end_n or_o sum_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n can_v be_v thereby_o general_o obtain_v as_o it_o ought_v any_o more_o than_o it_o be_v a_o objection_n against_o the_o certainty_n or_o usefulness_n of_o arithmetic_n or_o geometry_n that_o some_o man_n shall_v through_o lazyness_n and_o inadvertency_n altogether_o neglect_v their_o rule_n or_o make_v false_a conclusion_n from_o those_o science_n or_o shall_v through_o ignorance_n or_o prejudice_n deny_v their_o certainty_n so_o likewise_o it_o be_v in_o the_o science_n of_o morality_n as_o contain_v in_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v chief_o employ_v in_o weigh_v and_o take_v a_o true_a account_n of_o those_o humane_a power_n that_o contribute_v to_o the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a being_n which_o since_o they_o may_v vary_v somewhat_o in_o so_o great_a a_o variety_n of_o possible_a case_n he_o may_v be_v say_v and_o that_o deserve_o to_o have_v well_o perform_v this_o task_n who_o first_o affirm_v in_o general_n that_o all_o those_o power_n be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o most_o general_a and_o diffusive_a benevolence_n though_o he_o may_v be_v able_a afterward_o more_o particular_o to_o demonstrate_v that_o a_o just_a division_n of_o thing_n fidelity_n gratitude_n and_o all_o the_o other_o virtue_n be_v contain_v under_o it_o and_o also_o show_v in_o what_o case_n they_o become_v useful_a to_o this_o end_n by_o which_o mean_v religion_n and_o humane_a society_n with_o all_o other_o thing_n which_o may_v render_v man_n life_n happy_a and_o safe_a will_v be_v certain_o improve_v and_o advance_v and_o herein_o consist_v the_o solution_n of_o that_o most_o useful_a problem_n concern_v the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_n procure_v by_o the_o most_o diffusive_a benevolence_n which_o moral_a philosophy_n teach_v we_o to_o search_v after_o nor_o be_v the_o truth_n or_o authority_n of_o such_o precept_n at_o all_o prejudice_v or_o diminish_v though_o very_o many_o person_n will_v not_o obey_v they_o or_o will_v set_v themselves_o to_o oppose_v they_o since_o this_o only_a can_v be_v the_o consequence_n of_o it_o that_o they_o will_v thereby_o lose_v their_o own_o happiness_n and_o perhaps_o may_v draw_v other_o by_o their_o false_a reason_n into_o the_o same_o misery_n and_o so_o i_o doubt_v not_o on_o the_o other_o side_n but_o that_o man_n will_v think_v themselves_o oblige_v to_o perform_v all_o the_o act_n that_o constitute_v this_o benevolence_n if_o they_o be_v but_o once_o convince_v that_o so_o great_a and_o noble_a a_o end_n as_o the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a being_n and_o in_o which_o their_o own_o happiness_n be_v likewise_o contain_v will_v be_v certain_o procure_v thereby_o and_o can_v be_v have_v by_o any_o other_o or_o contrary_a mean_n
it_o be_v evident_a that_o their_o offspring_n can_v neither_o be_v generate_v or_o preserve_v unless_o those_o of_o different_a sex_n do_v for_o some_o time_n maintain_v peace_n and_o a_o co-habitation_n with_o each_o other_o which_o in_o many_o other_o of_o they_o continues_z much_o long_a than_o the_o bare_a time_n of_o generation_n viz._n for_o the_o whole_a season_n of_o couple_v and_o breed_n up_o of_o their_o young_a one_o and_o in_o divers_a other_o as_o dove_n pigeon_n etc._n etc._n this_o affection_n continue_v like_o marriage_n as_o long_o as_o their_o life_n and_o that_o creature_n be_v excite_v to_o generate_v their_o like_a from_o the_o same_o natural_a cause_n for_o which_o their_o own_o preservation_n be_v procure_v appear_v from_o this_o anatomical_a observation_n that_o part_n of_o the_o same_o nutritious_a juice_n pass_v into_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o body_n and_o the_o rest_n to_o the_o propagation_n of_o seed_n and_o the_o whole_a circulation_n of_o the_o blood_n with_o the_o cause_n that_o produce_v and_o promote_v it_o as_o the_o muscular_a force_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o that_o strange_a and_o wonderful_a artifice_n of_o the_o valve_n in_o the_o vein_n do_v by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o action_n serve_v for_o the_o particular_a nutrition_n of_o the_o animal_n and_o also_o perform_v the_o more_o public_a duty_n of_o propagation_n of_o the_o species_n whilst_o it_o do_v at_o the_o same_o time_n send_v down_o part_n of_o that_o matter_n to_o the_o spermatick_a vessel_n out_o of_o which_o the_o seed_n be_v produce_v §_o 13._o but_o leave_v the_o nice_a disquisition_n of_o these_o anatomical_a observation_n to_o naturalist_n and_o physician_n i_o shall_v only_o add_v this_o one_o observation_n that_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o all_o animal_n be_v by_o these_o mean_n impel_v to_o the_o love_n of_o those_o of_o a_o different_a sex_n and_o also_o of_o their_o own_o offspring_n and_o so_o be_v bring_v to_o impart_v some_o of_o that_o self-love_n with_o which_o they_o be_v first_o endue_v to_o other_o of_o their_o own_o kind_n from_o a_o irresistible_a instinct_n of_o nature_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v true_o observe_v of_o man_n that_o after_o they_o be_v marry_v and_o have_v get_v child_n they_o be_v more_o prone_a to_o and_o solicitous_a after_o peace_n than_o before_o but_o that_o this_o desire_n of_o propagation_n dispose_v man_n to_o a_o great_a affection_n towards_o those_o of_o the_o female_a sex_n be_v so_o evident_a that_o it_o need_v no_o proof_n but_o since_o mr._n h._n and_o other_o of_o his_o opinion_n do_v grant_v these_o observation_n concern_v the_o natural_a propension_n of_o creature_n to_o be_v true_a but_o be_v wont_n to_o evade_v they_o by_o affirm_v that_o they_o only_o proceed_v from_o the_o sole_a love_n of_o their_o own_o pleasure_n and_o satisfaction_n and_o that_o all_o the_o action_n proceed_v from_o thence_o tend_v to_o no_o high_a end_n than_o the_o love_n and_o preservation_n of_o themselves_o as_o i_o do_v not_o in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o discourse_n intend_v to_o dispute_v so_o have_v i_o not_o omit_v to_o answer_v this_o objection_n in_o the_o last_o chapter_n which_o be_v design_v on_o purpose_n for_o answer_v all_o those_o objection_n that_o can_v well_o be_v make_v against_o our_o definition_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n §_o 14._o the_o last_o general_a observation_n to_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o live_v creature_n may_v be_v take_v from_o that_o sweetness_n and_o pleasure_n they_o take_v and_o enjoy_v in_o those_o action_n and_o passion_n that_o tend_v to_o the_o common_a good_a of_o their_o own_o kind_a since_o it_o be_v very_o well_o know_v to_o naturalist_n that_o in_o those_o sweet_a passion_n of_o love_n desire_v hope_v joy_n especial_o when_o employ_v about_o any_o great_a good_a towards_o other_o the_o vital_a motion_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o heart_n be_v then_o high_o help_v and_o promote_v so_o that_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n be_v fill_v with_o a_o mild_a and_o noble_a juice_n whilst_o brisk_a and_o more_o active_a spirit_n be_v thereby_o generate_v and_o the_o circulation_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o consequent_o all_o the_o other_o animal_n function_n be_v more_o easy_o and_o nimble_o perform_v so_o that_o by_o those_o very_a affection_n by_o which_o they_o do_v good_a to_o animal_n of_o their_o own_o kind_a they_o themselves_o be_v also_o satisfy_v and_o delight_v and_o as_o far_o as_o they_o feel_v this_o natural_o root_v in_o their_o very_a nature_n they_o must_v needs_o incline_v to_o these_o affection_n so_o high_o conduce_v to_o their_o own_o happiness_n and_o preservation_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a in_o hatred_n envy_n fear_v and_o that_o sadness_n and_o ill-humour_n which_o necessary_o spring_v from_o those_o sour_a and_o immoderate_a passion_n the_o circulation_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v obstruct_v and_o the_o heart_n render_v more_o heavy_a and_o unapt_a to_o motion_n so_o that_o it_o thereby_o expel_v the_o blood_n with_o great_a difficulty_n in_o its_o systole_n from_o whence_o proceed_v meagerness_n and_o paleness_n of_o the_o countenance_n with_o innumerable_a inconvenience_n to_o the_o whole_a oeconomy_n of_o the_o body_n but_o chief_o in_o the_o function_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o nerve_n such_o as_o be_v those_o disease_n which_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o spleen_n deep_a melancholy_n and_o discontent_n but_o these_o thing_n be_v rather_o of_o a_o medicinal_a consideration_n i_o shall_v but_o only_o just_a mention_n they_o though_o the_o write_n of_o physician_n may_v yield_v we_o divers_a example_n of_o such_o who_o have_v hasten_v their_o own_o fate_n through_o immoderate_a envy_n and_o regret_n that_o they_o can_v not_o satisfy_v their_o malice_n or_o revenge_n of_o which_o i_o may_v chance_v to_o give_v you_o a_o taste_n when_o i_o come_v to_o consider_v the_o sanction_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n by_o punishment_n proceed_v from_o the_o undue_a and_o immoderate_a exercise_n of_o those_o passion_n §_o 15._o but_o as_o mr._n h._n and_o his_o disciple_n can_v deny_v these_o natural_a propension_n in_o brute_n creature_n towards_o mutual_a concord_n so_o they_o have_v no_o other_o way_n to_o evade_v these_o instance_n but_o by_o suppose_v some_o thing_n in_o man_n nature_n that_o render_v he_o worse_o nature_a and_o more_o unmanageable_a than_o bear_n wolf_n etc._n etc._n that_o so_o be_v natural_o in_o a_o perpetual_a state_n of_o war_n they_o can_v no_o way_n be_v keep_v from_o destroy_v each_o other_o but_o by_o some_o common_a supreme_a power_n set_v over_o they_o to_o keep_v they_o all_o in_o awe_n which_o argument_n and_o the_o answer_n to_o they_o since_o by_o their_o length_n they_o will_v too_o much_o perplex_v the_o connexion_n of_o this_o discourse_n i_o shall_v refer_v you_o to_o the_o second_o part_n wherein_o i_o hope_v i_o have_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o man_n nature_n consider_v as_o a_o animal_n that_o aught_o to_o be_v govern_v by_o right_a reason_n and_o in_o which_o alone_o he_o excel_v other_o creature_n that_o can_v lay_v any_o necessity_n upon_o he_o of_o be_v more_o fierce_a and_o unsociable_a than_o brute_n §_o 16._o have_v now_o dispatch_v these_o common_a and_o easy_a observation_n concern_v man_n consider_v as_o a_o mere_a body_n and_o also_o such_o as_o concern_v his_o nature_n as_o a_o animal_n tend_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o endeavour_n of_o the_o common_a good_a of_o his_o own_o species_n be_v one_o great_a end_n and_o design_n of_o god_n in_o his_o creation_n i_o come_v in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o consider_v those_o particular_n in_o which_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n excel_v that_o of_o brute_n and_o whereby_o he_o be_v render_v much_o more_o capable_a than_o they_o of_o promote_a and_o perform_v this_o great_a end_n viz._n the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a agent_n which_o i_o shall_v divide_v into_o two_o head_n either_o those_o belong_v to_o the_o body_n or_o else_o to_o the_o soul_n or_o mind_n as_o to_o the_o former_a though_o there_o be_v divers_a anatomical_a observation_n make_v by_o curious_a anatomist_n and_o learned_a physician_n concern_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o inward_a part_n or_o vessel_n in_o man_n and_o brute_n yet_o i_o shall_v take_v notice_n of_o no_o more_o than_o what_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a to_o our_o purpose_n and_o which_o may_v serve_v to_o show_v what_o be_v the_o natural_a cause_n of_o that_o excellency_n and_o superiority_n that_o be_v common_o find_v in_o humane_a intellect_n above_o those_o of_o brute_n the_o first_o of_o which_o observation_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o the_o large_a quantity_n of_o brain_n which_o be_v find_v in_o humane_a body_n and_o which_o bear_v a_o much_o great_a proportion_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o bulk_n than_o in_o any_o other_o creature_n for_o though_o the_o weight_n
all_o these_o difficulty_n a_o much_o easy_a way_n only_o by_o suppose_v certain_a innate_a idea_n of_o moral_a good_a and_o evil_a impress_v by_o god_n upon_o the_o soul_n of_o men._n but_o i_o must_v indeed_o confess_v myself_o not_o yet_o so_o happy_a as_o to_o be_v able_a thus_o easy_o to_o attain_v to_o so_o great_a a_o perfection_n as_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n by_o this_o natural_a instinct_n or_o impression_n and_o it_o do_v not_o seem_v to_o i_o either_o safe_a or_o convenient_a to_o lay_v the_o whole_a stress_n of_o natural_a religion_n and_o morality_n upon_o a_o hypothesis_n which_o have_v be_v explode_v by_o all_o philosopher_n except_o themselves_o and_o which_o can_v never_o alone_o serve_v to_o convince_v those_o of_o epicurean_a principle_n for_o who_o we_o chief_o design_v this_o work_n but_o whosoever_o will_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o peruse_v what_o have_v be_v write_v against_o these_o innate_a idea_n by_o the_o inquisitive_a and_o sagacious_a lock_n author_n of_o the_o late_a essay_n of_o humane_a understanding_n will_v find_v they_o very_o hard_o if_o not_o impossible_a to_o be_v prove_v to_o have_v ever_o be_v innate_a in_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n before_o they_o come_v into_o the_o world_n therefore_o as_o i_o shall_v not_o take_v upon_o i_o absolute_o to_o deny_v the_o be_v or_o impossibility_n of_o such_o idea_n so_o i_o shall_v not_o make_v use_n of_o any_o argument_n draw_v from_o thence_o in_o this_o discourse_n though_o i_o hearty_o wish_v that_o any_o reason_n or_o motive_n which_o may_v serve_v to_o promote_v true_a virtue_n and_o piety_n may_v prevail_v as_o far_o as_o they_o deserve_v with_o all_o sincere_a and_o honest_a men._n and_o the_o same_o reason_n which_o deter_v i_o from_o suppose_v any_o natural_a law_n innate_a in_o our_o mind_n have_v also_o make_v i_o not_o present_o suppose_v as_o many_o do_v without_o any_o due_a proof_n that_o such_o idea_n have_v exi_v in_o the_o divine_a intellect_n from_o all_o eternity_n and_o therefore_o i_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o more_o proper_a and_o necessary_a to_o begin_v from_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v most_o know_v and_o familiar_a to_o we_o by_o our_o sense_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o prove_v that_o certain_a proposition_n of_o immutable_a truth_n prescribe_v our_o care_n of_o the_o happiness_n or_o common_a good_a of_o all_o rational_a agent_n consider_v together_o be_v necessary_o imprint_v upon_o our_o mind_n from_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n and_o which_o the_o first_o cause_n perpetual_o determine_v so_o to_o act_v upon_o they_o and_o that_o in_o the_o term_n of_o these_o proposition_n be_v intrinsical_o include_v a_o evident_a declaration_n of_o their_o truth_n and_o certainty_n as_o proceed_v from_o god_n the_o first_o cause_n in_o the_o very_a intrinsic_a constitution_n of_o thing_n from_o whence_o it_o will_v be_v also_o manifest_a that_o such_o practical_a proposition_n be_v true_o and_o proper_o law_n as_o be_v declare_v and_o establish_v by_o due_a reward_n and_o punishment_n annex_v to_o they_o by_o he_o as_o the_o supreme_a legislator_n but_o after_o it_o shall_v appear_v that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o these_o law_n and_o a_o practice_n conformable_a to_o they_o be_v the_o high_a perfection_n or_o most_o happy_a state_n of_o our_o rational_a nature_n it_o will_v likewise_o follow_v that_o a_o perfection_n analogous_fw-la to_o this_o knowledge_n and_o a_o practice_n conformable_a to_o these_o law_n must_v necessary_o be_v in_o the_o first_o cause_n from_o whence_o proceed_v not_o only_o our_o own_o natural_a perfection_n but_o also_o the_o most_o wise_a ordination_n of_o all_o effect_n without_o we_o for_o the_o common_a conservation_n and_o perfection_n of_o the_o whole_a natural_a system_n or_o universe_n which_o our_o eye_n daily_o behold_v for_o that_o be_v look_v upon_o by_o i_o among_o the_o thing_n most_o certain_o prove_v that_o it_o must_v be_v first_o know_v what_o justice_n be_v and_o what_o those_o law_n enjoin_v in_o who_o observation_n all_o justice_n consist_v before_o we_o can_v distinct_o know_v that_o justice_n be_v to_o be_v attribute_v to_o god_n and_o that_o his_o justice_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v by_o we_o as_o a_o pattern_n or_o example_n for_o we_o to_o imitate_v since_o we_o do_v not_o know_v god_n by_o a_o immediate_a intuition_n of_o his_o essence_n or_o perfection_n but_o only_o from_o the_o outward_a effect_n of_o his_o providence_n first_o know_v by_o our_o sense_n and_o experience_n neither_o be_v it_o safe_a to_o affix_v attribute_n to_o he_o which_o we_o can_v sufficient_o understand_v or_o make_v out_o from_o thing_n without_o we_o have_v now_o show_v you_o in_o general_a the_o difference_n between_o our_o method_n and_o that_o which_o other_o have_v hitherto_o follow_v it_o be_v fit_a we_o here_o declare_v in_o as_o few_o word_n as_o we_o can_v the_o chief_a head_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o we_o have_v deliver_v in_o this_o treatise_n suppose_v therefore_o those_o natural_a principle_n concern_v the_o law_n of_o motion_n and_o rest_v sufficient_o demonstrate_v by_o naturalist_n especial_o such_o as_o depend_v upon_o mathematical_a principle_n since_o we_o have_v only_o here_o undertake_v to_o demonstrate_v the_o true_a ground_n of_o moral_a philosophy_n and_o to_o deduce_v they_o from_o some_o suppose_a knowledge_n of_o nature_n and_o as_o they_o refer_v to_o our_o moral_a practice_n i_o have_v here_o therefore_o suppose_v all_o the_o effect_n of_o corporeal_a motion_n which_o be_v natural_a and_o necessary_a and_o perform_v without_o any_o intervention_n of_o humane_a liberty_n to_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o will_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n and_o two_o which_o mr._n h._n himself_o likewise_o in_o his_o leviathan_n admit_v that_o from_o the_o consideration_n and_o inquisition_n into_o these_o cause_n and_o from_o the_o power_n and_o operation_n of_o natural_a body_n may_v be_v discover_v the_o existence_n of_o one_o eternal_a infinite_a omnipotent_a be_v which_o we_o call_v god_n so_o that_o every_o motion_n impress_v upon_o the_o organ_n of_o our_o sense_n whereby_o the_o mind_n be_v carry_v on_o to_o apprehend_v thing_n without_o we_o and_o to_o give_v a_o right_a judgement_n upon_o they_o be_v a_o natural_a effect_n which_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o other_o inferior_a cause_n owe_v its_o original_a to_o the_o first_o cause_n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o god_n by_o these_o natural_a motion_n of_o cause_n and_o effect_n delineate_v the_o idea_n or_o image_n of_o all_o natural_a and_o moral_a action_n on_o our_o mind_n and_o that_o the_o same_o god_n after_o he_o have_v thus_o make_v we_o draw_v various_a notion_n from_o the_o same_o object_n do_v then_o excite_v we_o to_o compare_v they_o with_o each_o other_o and_o then_o join_v they_o together_o and_o so_o determine_v we_o to_o form_v true_a proposition_n of_o the_o thing_n thus_o single_o receive_v and_o understand_v so_o that_o sometime_o a_o thing_n be_v expose_v whole_a and_o all_o at_o once_o to_o our_o view_n and_o sometime_o it_o be_v more_o natural_o consider_v successive_o or_o according_a to_o its_o several_a part_n and_o the_o mind_n thereby_o perceive_v that_o the_o notion_n of_o awhole_n signify_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o all_o the_o several_a idea_n of_o the_o particular_a part_n put_v together_o and_o so_o be_v thence_o carry_v on_o to_o make_v a_o proposition_n of_o the_o identity_n of_o the_o whole_a with_o all_o its_o part_n and_o can_v true_o affirm_v that_o the_o same_o cause_n which_o preserve_v the_o whole_a must_v also_o conserve_v all_o its_o constituent_a part_n and_o then_o from_o a_o diligent_a contemplation_n of_o all_o these_o proposition_n which_o may_v just_o challenge_v the_o title_n of_o the_o more_o general_a law_n of_o nature_n we_o may_v observe_v that_o they_o be_v all_o reduceable_a to_o one_o proposition_n from_o who_o fit_a and_o just_a explication_n all_o the_o limit_n or_o exception_n under_o which_o the_o particular_a proposition_n be_v propose_v may_v be_v seek_v for_o and_o discover_v as_o from_o the_o evidence_n of_o that_o one_o proposition_n which_o may_v be_v reduce_v into_o this_o or_o the_o like_a sense_n viz._n the_o endeavour_n as_o far_o as_o we_o be_v able_a of_o the_o common_a good_a of_o the_o whole_a system_n of_o rational_a being_n conduce_v as_o far_o as_o lie_v in_o our_o power_n to_o the_o good_a of_o all_o its_o several_a part_n or_o member_n in_o which_o our_o own_o felicity_n be_v also_o contain_v as_o part_v thereof_o whereas_o the_o act_n opposite_a to_o this_o endeavour_n do_v bring_v along_o with_o they_o effect_n quite_o opposite_a thereunto_o and_o will_v certain_o procure_v our_o own_o ruin_n or_o misery_n at_o last_o therefore_o the_o whole_a sum_n of_o this_o proposition_n may_v be_v reduce_v to_o these_o three_o thing_n 1._o that_o which_o concern_v the_o matter_n of_o it_o
only_o to_o discern_v the_o reasonableness_n of_o all_o virtue_n and_o morality_n which_o be_v their_o duty_n and_o ornament_n as_o they_o be_v man_n but_o also_o they_o may_v here_o see_v the_o true_a foundation_n of_o civil_a government_n and_o property_n which_o they_o be_v most_o oblige_v to_o understand_v because_o as_o gentleman_n they_o be_v bear_v to_o the_o great_a interest_n in_o they_o both_o i_o need_v add_v no_o more_o to_o give_v you_o assurance_n that_o i_o free_o consent_v to_o your_o print_n of_o this_o book_n and_o be_o your_o affectionate_a friend_n ric._n peterborough_n the_o content_n of_o the_o first_o chapter_n a_o brief_a repetition_n of_o the_o preface_n that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n can_v only_o be_v learn_v from_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o god_n and_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n and_o of_o mankind_n in_o general_n §_o 1._o a_o state_n of_o the_o question_n between_o we_o and_o the_o epicurean_o and_o sceptic_n §_o 2._o the_o method_n propose_v in_o what_o manner_n we_o be_v to_o inquire_v into_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n and_o of_o mankind_n in_o order_n to_o prove_v certain_a general_a proposition_n that_o shall_v carry_v with_o they_o the_o obligation_n of_o natural_a law_n §_o 3._o the_o soul_n suppose_v to_o be_v rafa_o tabula_fw-la without_o any_o innate_a idea_n our_o method_n propose_v of_o consider_v god_n as_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o world_n and_o all_o thing_n and_o humane_a action_n as_o subordinate_a cause_n and_o effect_n either_o hinder_v or_o promote_a our_o common_a happiness_n and_o preservation_n §_o 4._o all_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n deduceable_a from_o hence_o as_o so_o many_o practical_a proposition_n and_o all_o our_o observation_n or_o knowledge_n of_o it_o reduceable_a to_o one_o proposition_n of_o the_o high_a benevolence_n of_o rational_a being_n towards_o each_o other_o as_o the_o sum_n of_o all_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o what_o be_v mean_v by_o this_o benevolence_n §_o 5._o what_o thing_n be_v necessary_a to_o be_v know_v or_o suppose_v in_o order_n to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o this_o universal_a benevolence_n §_o 6._o the_o connexion_n of_o the_o term_n of_o this_o proposition_n prove_v and_o what_o be_v to_o be_v collect_v from_o thence_o the_o true_a happiness_n of_o single_a person_n inseparable_a from_o that_o of_o mankind_n the_o general_a cause_n of_o its_o happiness_n to_o be_v consider_v in_o the_o first_o place_n §_o 7._o therefore_o no_o man_n particular_a happiness_n can_v be_v oppose_v or_o prefer_v before_o the_o happiness_n of_o all_o other_o rational_a being_n the_o contrary_a practice_n unreasonable_a and_o unjust_a §_o 8._o yet_o that_o this_o proposition_n can_v be_v of_o sufficient_a efficacy_n till_o we_o have_v propose_v the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_n for_o the_o great_a end_n of_o all_o our_o action_n §_o 9_o the_o effect_n of_o this_o proposition_n not_o prejudice_v by_o the_o ill_a use_n of_o man_n free-will_n §_o 10_o 11._o by_o what_o step_n and_o degree_n the_o knowledge_n of_o this_o common_a good_a come_v to_o be_v convey_v into_o our_o mind_n from_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n §_o 12._o first_o natural_a observation_n that_o in_o our_o free_a use_n and_o enjoyment_n of_o all_o the_o outward_a necessary_n of_o life_n and_o in_o our_o mutual_a administer_a they_o to_o each_o other_o consist_v all_o man_n happiness_n and_o preservation_n from_o whence_o also_o proceed_v a_o notion_n of_o the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_n §_o 13._o that_o man_n be_v able_a to_o contribute_v more_o to_o the_o good_a and_o happiness_n of_o those_o of_o their_o own_o kind_n than_o any_o other_o creature_n §_o 14._o nothing_o a_o sure_a help_n and_o defence_n to_o mankind_n than_o the_o most_o sincere_a and_o diffusive_a benevolence_n §_o 15._o nor_o any_o thing_n more_o destructive_a to_o it_o than_o their_o constant_a malice_n and_o ill-will_a §_o 16._o that_o these_o principle_n be_v as_o certain_a as_o any_o in_o arithmetic_n and_o geometry_n notwithstanding_o the_o supposition_n of_o man_n freewill_n §_o 17._o yet_o that_o they_o be_v only_a law_n as_o proceed_v from_o god_n the_o first_o cause_n and_o as_o establish_v with_o fit_a reward_n and_o punishment_n §_o 18._o that_o from_o these_o natural_a and_o general_a observation_n we_o attain_v to_o a_o true_a knowledge_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o all_o man_n happiness_n and_o that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o matter_n and_o motion_n these_o cause_n act_n as_o certain_o as_o any_o other_o §_o 19,20_o hence_o arise_v a_o true_a notion_n of_o thing_n natural_o and_o unalterable_o good_a or_o evil_n §_o 21._o that_o man_n natural_a power_n and_o the_o thing_n necessary_a for_o life_n can_v neither_o be_v exert_v nor_o make_v use_n of_o contrary_a to_o the_o know_a rule_n of_o matter_n and_o motion_n §_o 22._o some_o conclusion_n deduceable_a from_o hence_o as_o that_o we_o chief_o concern_v ourselves_o about_o those_o thing_n and_o action_n that_o be_v in_o our_o power_n §_o 23._o no_o man_n self-sufficient_a to_o procure_v all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o his_o own_o preservation_n and_o happiness_n and_o therefore_o need_v the_o goodwill_n and_o assistance_n of_o other_o §_o 24._o none_o of_o these_o necessary_n for_o life_n can_v produce_v the_o end_n design_v but_o as_o they_o be_v appropriate_v to_o man_n particular_a use_n and_o necessity_n for_o the_o time_n they_o make_v use_v of_o they_o §_o 25._o from_o whence_o arise_v the_o right_a of_o occupancy_n or_o possession_n which_o may_v be_v exercise_v even_o during_o a_o natural_a community_n of_o most_o thing_n §_o 26._o that_o as_o this_o natural_a division_n and_o propriety_n in_o thing_n be_v necessary_a to_o the_o preservation_n of_o particular_a person_n so_o it_o be_v also_o of_o mankind_n consider_v as_o a_o aggregate_v body_n §_o 27._o that_o these_o principle_n destroy_v mr._n h_n hypothesis_n of_o the_o right_n of_o all_o man_n to_o all_o thing_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n §_o 28._o the_o necessity_n of_o a_o far_a division_n and_o appropriation_n of_o thing_n now_o mankind_n be_v multiply_v on_o the_o earth_n §_o 29._o no_o man_n have_v a_o right_a to_o any_o thing_n any_o far_a than_o as_o it_o conduce_v or_o at_o least_o consist_v with_o the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a being_n §_o 30._o the_o knowledge_n of_o these_o natural_a cause_n and_o effect_n alike_o certain_a in_o a_o natural_a as_o civil_a state_n with_o a_o brief_a recapitulation_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o argument_n insist_v on_o in_o this_o chapter_n §_o 31._o the_o content_n of_o the_o second_o chapter_n man_n to_o be_v consider_v as_o a_o natural_a body_n as_o a_o animal_n and_o also_o as_o a_o rational_a creature_n some_o observation_n from_o the_o first_o of_o these_o consideration_n as_o that_o humane_a body_n and_o action_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o same_o law_n of_o matter_n and_o motion_n with_o other_o thing_n §_o 1_o 2._o no_o action_n or_o motion_n more_o conducive_a to_o man_n happiness_n than_o what_o proceed_v from_o the_o most_o diffusive_a benevolence_n §_o 3._o mankind_n consider_v as_o a_o system_fw-la of_o natural_a body_n do_v not_o make_v any_o considerable_a difference_n between_o they_o when_o consider_v as_o voluntary_a agent_n endue_v with_o sense_n but_o that_o they_o rather_o act_v more_o powerful_o thereby_o §_o 4._o man_n great_a security_n from_o evil_n and_o hope_n of_o obtain_v good_a depend_v upon_o the_o goodwill_n and_o voluntary_a assistance_n of_o other_o §_o 5._o several_a natural_a conclusion_n draw_v from_o these_o observation_n §_o 6._o the_o like_a be_v find_v true_a in_o animate_v as_o well_o as_o inanimate_a body_n will_v make_v we_o more_o solicitous_a towards_o the_o general_a good_a of_o those_o of_o our_o own_o kind_n §_o 7._o that_o love_v or_o benevolent_a action_n towards_o each_o other_o constitute_v the_o happy_a state_n we_o can_v enjoy_v and_o also_o it_o be_v ordain_v by_o a_o concourse_n of_o cause_n that_o all_o rational_a being_n shall_v be_v sensible_a of_o these_o indication_n §_o 8._o this_o prove_v from_o several_a natural_a observation_n as_o 1._o that_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o body_n of_o animal_n be_v but_o narrow_a the_o thing_n necessary_a for_o their_o preservation_n can_v be_v but_o few_o and_o most_o of_o they_o communicable_a to_o many_o at_o once_o and_o so_o require_v a_o limit_a self-love_n consistent_a with_o the_o safety_n and_o happiness_n of_o other_o §_o 9_o 2._o that_o creature_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n can_v but_o be_v move_v to_o the_o like_a affection_n towards_o other_o as_o towards_o themselves_o from_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o similitude_n of_o their_o nature_n §_o 10._o animal_n do_v never_o deviate_v from_o this_o natural_a state_n but_o when_o they_o be_v seize_v with_o some_o preternatural_a disease_n or_o passion_n which_o as_o oft_o as_o it_o happen_v be_v absolute_o destructive_a to_o
the_o gospel_n of_o jesus_n christ_n reducible_a to_o this_o one_o proposition_n of_o endeavour_v the_o common_a good_a and_o that_o this_o be_v the_o great_a design_n of_o christ_n come_v into_o the_o world_n §_o 17_o 18._o a_o conclusion_n of_o the_o whole_a §_o 19_o to_o the_o bookseller_n the_o learned_a author_n of_o this_o treatise_n send_v it_o to_o i_o then_o be_v in_o a_o private_a station_n above_o a_o year_n ago_o but_o then_o conceal_v his_o name_n from_o i_o either_o through_o his_o great_a modesty_n or_o because_o in_o his_o prudence_n he_o think_v that_o if_o i_o know_v he_o i_o may_v be_v bias_v in_o my_o judgement_n by_o the_o honour_n which_o i_o be_o oblige_v to_o have_v to_o his_o family_n and_o especial_o to_o his_o grandfather_n by_o his_o mother_n side_n the_o most_o learned_a primate_n of_o ireland_n wherefore_o i_o read_v the_o book_n without_o any_o respect_n to_o the_o unknown_a writer_n and_o consider_v only_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o performance_n thus_o i_o find_v that_o he_o have_v not_o only_o well_o translate_v and_o epitomise_v in_o some_o place_n what_o i_o have_v write_v in_o latin_a but_o have_v full_o digest_v the_o chief_a thing_n of_o my_o design_n in_o a_o well-chosen_a method_n of_o his_o own_o with_o great_a perspicuity_n and_o have_v add_v some_o illustration_n of_o his_o own_o or_o from_o other_o learned_a author_n with_o a_o philosophical_a liberty_n which_o i_o must_v needs_o allow_v for_o this_o reason_n i_o judge_v that_o the_o then_o unknown_a author_n have_v give_v too_o low_a a_o title_n to_o his_o book_n and_o that_o i_o be_v to_o esteem_v he_o a_o good_a hyperaspistes_n or_o able_a second_n in_o this_o combat_n for_o truth_n and_o justice_n rather_o than_o a_o translater_n or_o epitomiser_n of_o what_o i_o have_v write_v this_o oblige_a i_o to_o inquire_v diligent_o after_o the_o author_n name_n and_o quality_n and_o then_o i_o soon_o obtain_v the_o favour_n and_o honour_n of_o a_o more_o intimate_a conversation_n with_o he_o hereby_o i_o soon_o find_v that_o i_o may_v safe_o leave_v the_o maintenance_n of_o that_o good_a cause_n in_o which_o i_o be_v engage_v to_o his_o great_a ability_n and_o diligence_n and_o i_o hope_v that_o since_o this_o learned_a gentleman_n have_v conquer_v the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o search_n into_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n now_o many_o of_o our_o young_a gentry_n will_v be_v encourage_v to_o follow_v he_o in_o the_o way_n which_o this_o his_o treatise_n make_v plain_a before_o they_o for_o from_o thence_o they_o may_v receive_v assistance_n not_o only_o to_o discern_v the_o reasonableness_n of_o all_o virtue_n and_o morality_n which_o be_v their_o duty_n and_o ornament_n as_o they_o be_v man_n but_o also_o they_o may_v here_o see_v the_o true_a foundation_n of_o civil_a government_n and_o property_n which_o they_o be_v most_o oblige_v to_o understand_v because_o as_o gentleman_n they_o be_v bear_v to_o the_o great_a interest_n in_o they_o both_o i_o need_v add_v no_o more_o to_o give_v you_o assurance_n that_o i_o free_o consent_v to_o your_o print_n of_o this_o book_n and_o be_o your_o affectionate_a friend_n ric._n peterborough_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o its_o obligation_n chap._n i._n of_o the_o first_o mean_n of_o discover_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n viz._n the_o nature_n of_o thing_n §_o 1._o have_v in_o the_o introduction_n to_o this_o discourse_n show_v you_o those_o several_a method_n by_o which_o divers_a author_n have_v endeavour_v to_o prove_v a_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o have_v also_o give_v my_o reason_n though_o in_o short_a why_o i_o can_v acquiesce_v in_o any_o of_o they_o as_o lay_v too_o weak_a foundation_n whereon_o to_o raise_v so_o great_a and_o weighty_a a_o building_n and_o have_v likewise_o give_v you_o the_o only_a true_a ground_n by_o which_o it_o can_v as_o i_o suppose_v be_v make_v out_o viz._n from_o the_o existence_n of_o a_o god_n declare_v his_o will_n to_o we_o from_o the_o frame_n of_o the_o world_n or_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o all_o thing_n without_o we_o as_o also_o from_o our_o own_o nature_n or_o that_o of_o mankind_n in_o general_n we_o by_o the_o power_n of_o our_o natural_a faculty_n or_o reason_n draw_v true_a conclusion_n from_o all_o these_o this_o be_v premise_v i_o shall_v now_o proceed_v particular_o to_o declare_v in_o the_o first_o place_n what_o i_o understand_v by_o the_o frame_n of_o the_o world_n or_o nature_n of_o thing_n in_o order_n to_o the_o prove_v the_o existence_n and_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o that_o it_o be_v real_o and_o true_o a_o law_n oblige_v all_o person_n of_o year_n of_o discretion_n and_o sound_a mind_n to_o its_o observation_n which_o be_v perform_v i_o shall_v then_o proceed_v to_o our_o own_o nature_n as_o include_v in_o that_o of_o all_o mankind_n §_o 2._o but_o though_o the_o ancient_a as_o well_o as_o modern_a sceptic_n and_o epicurean_o have_v of_o old_a and_o do_v still_o at_o this_o day_n deny_v the_o existence_n of_o any_o law_n of_o nature_n proper_o so_o call_v yet_o i_o suppose_v that_o we_o be_v both_o sufficient_o agree_v what_o we_o understand_v by_o this_o term_n since_o we_o both_o thereby_o mean_v certain_a principle_n of_o immutable_a truth_n and_o certainty_n which_o direct_v our_o voluntary_a action_n concern_v the_o election_n of_o good_a and_o the_o avoid_n of_o evil_a thing_n and_o so_o lie_v a_o obligation_n as_o to_o our_o external_a action_n even_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n and_o out_o of_o a_o civil_a society_n or_o common-weal_n that_o such_o eternal_a truth_n be_v necessary_o and_o unavoidable_o present_v to_o and_o perceive_v by_o man_n mind_n and_o retain_v in_o their_o memory_n for_o the_o due_a order_n or_o govern_v of_o their_o action_n be_v what_o be_v here_o by_o we_o affirm_v and_o by_o they_o as_o confident_o deny_v and_o i_o far_o conceive_v that_o the_o action_n so_o direct_v and_o choose_v be_v first_o know_v to_o be_v natural_o good_a as_o productive_a of_o the_o great_a public_a benefit_n and_o afterward_o be_v call_v moral_o good_a because_o they_o agree_v with_o those_o dictate_v of_o reason_n which_o be_v here_o prove_v to_o be_v the_o law_n or_o rule_n of_o our_o manner_n or_o voluntary_a action_n so_o also_o the_o evil_a to_o be_v avoid_v be_v first_o the_o great_a natural_a evil_a which_o afterward_o for_o the_o like_a reason_n be_v call_v moral_a §_o 3._o therefore_o that_o the_o existence_n of_o such_o proposition_n may_v more_o plain_o appear_v and_o be_v demonstrate_v to_o the_o understanding_n of_o all_o indifferent_a reader_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o we_o first_o careful_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o divers_a thing_n without_o we_o as_o also_o that_o of_o mankind_n and_o what_o we_o mean_v by_o good_a and_o evil_a whether_o natural_a or_o moral_a last_o we_o shall_v show_v what_o those_o general_a proposition_n be_v which_o we_o affirm_v carry_v with_o they_o the_o force_n or_o obligation_n of_o natural_a law_n as_o declare_v their_o exercise_n or_o performance_n necessary_a to_o the_o compass_v of_o a_o end_n that_o aught_o to_o be_v endeavour_v or_o seek_v after_o in_o order_n to_o our_o true_a and_o great_a happiness_n §_o 4._o nor_o let_v it_o seem_v strange_a that_o i_o suppose_v the_o nature_n of_o divers_a thing_n about_o which_o we_o be_v daily_o conversant_a ought_v first_o to_o be_v look_v into_o and_o consider_v for_o i_o will_v here_o suppose_v the_o soul_n or_o mind_n of_o man_n to_o be_v at_o first_o rasa_fw-la tabula_fw-la like_o fair_a paper_n that_o have_v no_o connate_a character_n or_o idea_n imprint_v upon_o it_o as_o that_o noble_a theorist_n mr._n 11._o lock_n have_v i_o suppose_v full_o prove_v and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o sensible_a of_o any_o thing_n at_o its_o come_n into_o the_o world_n but_o it_o be_v own_o existence_n and_o action_n but_o receive_v all_o its_o idea_n afterward_o from_o such_o object_n as_o it_o have_v receive_v in_o by_o the_o sense_n so_o that_o our_o understanding_n be_v natural_o destitute_a of_o all_o notion_n or_o idea_n we_o can_v comprehend_v how_o they_o can_v operate_v unless_o they_o be_v first_o excite_v by_o outward_a object_n and_o indeed_o how_o can_v we_o understand_v what_o may_v be_v helpful_a and_o agreeable_a or_o else_o hurtful_a and_o destructive_a to_o man_n mind_n and_o body_n unless_o we_o first_o consider_v as_o far_o as_o we_o be_v able_a all_o the_o cause_n as_o well_o near_o as_o remote_a which_o have_v make_v constitute_v and_o still_o preserve_v mankind_n or_o else_o may_v tend_v to_o its_o destruction_n either_o for_o the_o time_n present_a or_o to_o come_v nor_o indeed_o can_v it_o be_v understand_v what_o be_v the_o fit_a and_o best_a thing_n or_o action_n any_o person_n can_v perform_v in_o a_o
glad_a if_o any_o of_o mr._n h_n disciple_n can_v show_v we_o any_o sufficient_a reason_n for_o that_o opinion_n §_o 17._o so_o that_o these_o thing_n which_o i_o have_v now_o lay_v down_o concern_v the_o natural_a mean_n of_o man_n happiness_n do_v appear_v so_o evident_a from_o our_o common_a reason_n and_o daily_a experience_n that_o they_o be_v of_o like_a certainty_n with_o the_o principle_n of_o arithmetic_n and_o geometry_n in_o all_o who_o operation_n there_o be_v still_o suppose_v certain_a act_n depend_v upon_o our_o free_a humane_a faculty_n and_o yet_o neither_o of_o these_o science_n be_v render_v the_o more_o uncertain_a from_o the_o supposition_n of_o man_n freewill_n whether_o they_o will_v draw_v line_n or_o cast_v up_o sum_n or_o not_o since_o it_o suffice_v for_o their_o truth_n and_o certainty_n that_o there_o be_v a_o inseparable_a connexion_n between_o such_o act_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v in_o our_o power_n to_o exert_v and_o all_o the_o effect_n seek_v for_o to_o the_o find_n of_o which_o both_o the_o pleasure_n annex_v to_o their_o contemplation_n and_o the_o various_a use_n of_o humane_a life_n do_v at_o once_o invite_v we_o and_o in_o the_o like_a manner_n the_o truth_n of_o all_o moral_a knowledge_n be_v found_v in_o the_o immutable_a coherence_n between_o the_o high_a felicity_n which_o humane_a power_n can_v attain_v to_o with_o those_o act_n of_o universal_a benevolence_n that_o be_v of_o love_n towards_o god_n and_o man_n and_o which_o exert_v itself_o in_o all_o the_o particular_a moral_a virtue_n yet_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n these_o two_o thing_n be_v still_o suppose_v that_o man_n desire_v and_o seek_v the_o high_a felicity_n they_o be_v capable_a of_o and_o also_o that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o exercise_v this_o benevolence_n not_o only_o towards_o themselves_o but_o god_n and_o man_n as_o partaker_n with_o they_o of_o the_o same_o rational_a or_o intelligent_a nature_n this_o i_o have_v think_v fit_a to_o add_v to_o prevent_v all_o those_o cavil_n which_o mr._n h_n disciple_n be_v use_v to_o make_v against_o morality_n from_o the_o necessity_n of_o our_o wi_n §_o 18._o but_o before_o i_o proceed_v far_o to_o inquire_v into_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n i_o desire_v you_o to_o remember_v what_o i_o have_v already_o hint_v in_o the_o introduction_n to_o this_o discourse_n that_o this_o truth_n concern_v the_o efficacy_n of_o universal_a benevolence_n for_o the_o preservation_n and_o happiness_n of_o rational_a being_n as_o also_o all_o other_o proposition_n alike_o evident_a and_o contain_v under_o it_o do_v all_o proceed_v from_o god_n as_o the_o first_o cause_n and_o ordainer_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o consequent_o of_o our_o humane_a understanding_n and_o of_o all_o truth_n therein_o contain_v and_o since_o these_o rule_n draw_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n tend_v to_o the_o procure_a god_n end_n and_o design_n viz._n the_o preservation_n and_o happiness_n of_o mankind_n and_o also_o that_o it_o have_v please_v he_o to_o annex_v certain_a natural_a reward_n to_o the_o observation_n of_o these_o dictate_v of_o reason_n and_o punishment_n to_o their_o transgression_n so_o that_o they_o thereby_o become_v apt_a and_o sufficient_a for_o the_o due_a order_n of_o our_o thought_n and_o govern_v our_o action_n towards_o god_n ourselves_o and_o all_o other_o as_o i_o shall_v far_o make_v out_o in_o this_o discourse_n i_o see_v nothing_o want_v to_o give_v it_o the_o essence_n and_o vigour_n of_o a_o law_n and_o i_o shall_v far_o show_v before_o i_o have_v do_v that_o under_o this_o general_a rule_n of_o endeavour_v the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a being_n or_o universal_a benevolence_n be_v contain_v piety_n towards_o god_n and_o the_o high_a goodwill_n or_o charity_n towards_o man_n and_o be_v the_o sum_n both_o of_o the_o moral_a law_n of_o moses_n and_o of_o the_o gospel_n of_o our_o saviour_n jesus_n christ._n §_o 19_o these_o thing_n be_v thus_o propose_v in_o general_a i_o come_v now_o more_o particular_o to_o show_v that_o a_o due_a observation_n and_o knowledge_n of_o these_o natural_a thing_n without_o we_o will_v true_o and_o clear_o teach_v we_o what_o operation_n or_o motion_n of_o they_o be_v good_a or_o evil_a for_o all_o other_o man_n as_o well_o as_o ourselves_o and_o also_o show_v we_o how_o necessary_o and_o unalterable_o all_o these_o thing_n be_v produce_v for_o natural_a knowledge_n search_v into_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o that_o generation_n and_o corruption_n which_o daily_o happen_v to_o all_o natural_a body_n and_o especial_o to_o man_n and_o so_o can_v demonstrate_v the_o necessary_a coherence_n of_o these_o effect_n with_o their_o cause_n and_o therefore_o those_o cause_n that_o help_v to_o generate_v or_o preserve_v man_n and_o that_o make_v they_o live_v happy_o in_o this_o life_n be_v natural_a good_n as_o the_o cause_n of_o their_o misery_n and_o dissolution_n be_v natural_a evil_n and_o it_o then_o as_o plain_o follow_v that_o by_o this_o knowledge_n we_o can_v as_o certain_o demonstrate_v and_o foretell_v what_o thing_n be_v natural_o good_a or_o evil_a for_o all_o mankind_n as_o for_o any_o single_a person_n §_o 20._o therefore_o we_o may_v true_o conclude_v that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o all_o these_o effect_n which_o either_o nature_n or_o humane_a industry_n can_v produce_v for_o man_n food_n clothe_v habitation_n and_o medicine_n be_v part_n of_o this_o natural_a knowledge_n to_o which_o we_o may_v also_o add_v the_o understanding_n of_o all_o other_o humane_a operation_n and_o of_o the_o effect_n proceed_v from_o thence_o for_o the_o use_v of_o humane_a life_n for_o although_o the_o voluntary_a action_n of_o man_n as_o they_o exert_v themselves_o towards_o thing_n without_o they_o do_v not_o work_v exact_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o mere_a mechanic_n motion_n viz._n from_o the_o pulsion_n or_o motion_n of_o other_o body_n but_o either_o from_o their_o reason_n or_o will_n yet_o since_o all_o the_o outward_a motion_n we_o exert_v receive_v their_o measure_n and_o force_n from_o the_o natural_a power_n of_o humane_a body_n which_o be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o other_o and_o so_o must_v perform_v their_o natural_a function_n as_o they_o be_v regulate_v by_o the_o necessary_a law_n of_o matter_n and_o motion_n much_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o other_o natural_a motion_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o these_o voluntary_a action_n whenever_o they_o be_v thus_o exert_v be_v regulate_v by_o the_o same_o natural_a law_n and_o it_o be_v common_o know_v how_o much_o man_n industry_n by_o the_o various_a motion_n of_o their_o body_n which_o a_o philosopher_n can_v easy_o resolve_v into_o mechanic_n one_o do_v contribute_v to_o their_o own_o and_o other_o man_n preservation_n by_o provide_v and_o administer_a victual_n clothes_n physic_n house_n etc._n etc._n in_o perform_v which_o effect_n man_n strength_n and_o skill_n in_o husbandry_n building_n navigation_n and_o other_o manual_a trade_n be_v chief_o employ_v nor_o be_v the_o liberal_a art_n absolute_o free_a from_o these_o law_n of_o motion_n since_o by_o the_o help_n of_o certain_a sensible_a sign_n and_o articulate_v note_n or_o mark_n as_o word_n letter_n or_o cipher_n the_o mind_n of_o man_n come_v to_o be_v endue_v with_o knowledge_n and_o direct_v in_o most_o of_o their_o civil_a and_o moral_a duty_n i_o have_v only_o think_v fit_a to_o hint_n thus_o much_o concern_v humane_a action_n consider_v as_o mere_a natural_a thing_n exist_v without_o we_o but_o i_o shall_v treat_v more_o full_o of_o they_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n when_o i_o come_v to_o treat_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n consider_v as_o a_o voluntary_a agent_n §_o 21._o hence_o it_o plain_o appear_v that_o all_o these_o natural_a thing_n and_o the_o mutual_a help_n by_o which_o they_o be_v procure_v may_v be_v certain_o know_v and_o foresee_v by_o we_o to_o be_v natural_o and_o unalterable_o good_a that_o be_v tend_v to_o the_o preservation_n and_o happiness_n of_o mankind_n and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n all_o those_o contrary_a cause_n or_o motion_n by_o which_o man_n body_n be_v weaken_v or_o destroy_v by_o lessen_v or_o take_v away_o the_o necessary_n and_o convenience_n of_o life_n such_o as_o food_n raiment_n liberty_n quiet_n etc._n etc._n and_o also_o those_o action_n by_o which_o virtue_n and_o knowledge_n may_v be_v root_v out_o of_o man_n mind_n and_o error_n and_o unbridled_a passion_n destructive_a to_o the_o common_a good_a of_o mankind_n introduce_v into_o their_o room_n be_v necessary_o and_o in_o their_o own_o nature_n evil._n therefore_o when_o we_o determine_v of_o natural_a good_n or_o evil_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n we_o be_v not_o only_o to_o consider_v the_o preservation_n of_o a_o few_o particular_a person_n since_o the_o punishment_n nay_o death_n of_o these_o may_v often_o conduce_v to_o the_o common_a good_a
but_o rather_o that_o of_o the_o aggregate_v body_n of_o mankind_n subordinate_a to_o god_n as_o the_o head_n of_o rational_a being_n in_o this_o natural_a system_n or_o commonweal_n establish_v by_o natural_a law_n for_o the_o good_a of_o a_o aggregate_v body_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o chief_a good_a that_o can_v accrue_v to_o all_o its_o part_n or_o the_o individual_a §_o 22._o have_v now_o find_v out_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n by_o what_o mean_v our_o mind_n can_v receive_v the_o idea_n of_o a_o common_a natural_a good_a and_o evil_a and_o these_o no_o less_o certain_a and_o stable_a than_o those_o by_o which_o the_o cause_n of_o generation_n and_o corruption_n be_v exhibit_v to_o they_o i_o come_v next_o to_o consider_v that_o that_o matter_n and_o motion_n in_o which_o the_o power_n of_o humane_a body_n as_o well_o as_o other_o part_n of_o this_o visible_a world_n consist_v and_o exert_v themselves_o after_o a_o limit_v manner_n and_o have_v a_o finite_a quantity_n and_o certain_a bound_n beyond_o which_o they_o can_v act_v from_o which_o principle_n flow_v those_o know_a law_n of_o natural_a body_n as_o that_o they_o can_v be_v at_o once_o in_o divers_a place_n and_o therefore_o can_v be_v move_v towards_o contrary_a point_n at_o the_o same_o time_n or_o so_o as_o to_o be_v subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o contrary_a will_n of_o divers_a person_n at_o once_o but_o be_v so_o bound_v and_o determine_v in_o their_o nature_n as_o to_o be_v only_o order_v or_o dispose_v of_o according_a to_o the_o will_n of_o one_o person_n alone_o or_o else_o of_o divers_a consent_n or_o conspire_v to_o the_o same_o end_n or_o design_n for_o if_o man_n shall_v think_v thus_o to_o make_v use_n of_o they_o they_o will_v be_v so_o far_o from_o conduce_v to_o their_o benefit_n or_o preservation_n that_o they_o will_v only_o tend_v to_o their_o hurt_a and_o destruction_n since_o if_o the_o strong_a have_v a_o right_a to_o take_v from_o the_o weak_a by_o strength_n and_o the_o weak_a from_o the_o strong_a by_o cunning_a and_o surprise_n any_o of_o these_o necessary_n of_o life_n which_o he_o be_v once_o possess_v of_o yet_o when_o he_o have_v they_o he_o can_v be_v no_o more_o assure_v that_o he_o shall_v keep_v they_o than_o he_o be_v that_o last_o possess_v they_o since_o one_o strong_a or_o more_o cunning_a than_o himself_o may_v yet_o come_v and_o serve_v he_o as_o he_o have_v do_v the_o other_o before_o and_o so_o on_o till_o all_o man_n that_o enjoy_v they_o shall_v be_v destroy_v and_o the_o thing_n contend_v for_o perish_v without_o use_n so_o that_o there_o can_v remain_v neither_o any_o owner_n nor_o thing_n to_o be_v own_v §_o 23._o from_o all_o which_o that_o have_v be_v now_o lay_v down_o i_o shall_v draw_v some_o conclusion_n of_o great_a moment_n to_o our_o subject_n as_o 1._o from_o this_o knowledge_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n and_o especial_o of_o our_o own_o humane_a nature_n we_o may_v learn_v that_o somuch_o celebrate_a distinction_n of_o the_o stoic_n between_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n those_o thing_n which_o be_v in_o our_o own_o power_n and_o disposal_n such_o as_o be_v the_o voluntary_a motion_n and_o inclination_n of_o our_o body_n and_o mind_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n the_o thing_n out_o of_o our_o power_n such_o as_o be_v those_o corporeal_a motion_n so_o violent_a and_o irresistible_a which_o we_o daily_o observe_v to_o proceed_v from_o the_o nature_n and_o frame_n of_o the_o world_n which_o we_o weak_a creature_n be_v not_o able_a to_o resist_v and_o from_o who_o irresistible_a force_n all_o thing_n here_o below_o be_v in_o a_o perpetual_a flux_n whence_o also_o there_o happen_v to_o we_o man_n a_o perpetual_a vicisfitude_n of_o thing_n as_o well_o adverse_a as_o prosperous_a as_o also_o of_o maturation_n decay_n and_o dissolution_n so_o that_o this_o distinction_n if_o due_o observe_v will_v be_v of_o singular_a use_n as_o well_o in_o form_v our_o manner_n as_o govern_v our_o affection_n for_o from_o hence_o we_o be_v teach_v not_o to_o expect_v any_o other_o or_o great_a happiness_n as_o a_o reward_n of_o all_o our_o labour_n and_o endeavour_n than_o what_o may_v proceed_v from_o a_o prudent_a management_n of_o our_o rational_a faculty_n and_o from_o those_o external_n help_v which_o we_o may_v expect_v divine_a providence_n will_v afford_v we_o in_o its_o govern_v the_o world_n by_o which_o mean_n we_o may_v befree_v from_o those_o fruitless_a labour_n and_o endeavour_n to_o which_o man_n vain_a fear_n and_o groundless_a hope_n so_o often_o transport_v they_o nor_o shall_v we_o too_o much_o afflict_v ourselves_o for_o those_o evil_n which_o either_o do_v now_o or_o may_v hereafter_o without_o our_o own_o fault_n inevitable_o befall_v we_o whence_o the_o great_a part_n of_o those_o trouble_n and_o molestation_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o proceed_v from_o grief_n anger_n and_o discontent_n at_o our_o present_a fortune_n or_o condition_n may_v by_o our_o prudence_n or_o patience_n be_v prevent_v neither_o be_v we_o hereby_o only_o direct_v to_o the_o avoid_n of_o evil_n but_o here_o be_v also_o chalk_v out_o to_o we_o a_o more_o short_a and_o compendious_a method_n by_o which_o we_o may_v by_o degree_n attain_v to_o those_o two_o great_a blessing_n which_o can_v be_v enjoy_v by_o we_o in_o this_o life_n the_o culture_n of_o our_o own_o mind_n and_o the_o government_n of_o our_o passion_n §_o 24._o i_o need_v not_o prosecute_v this_o subject_a any_o far_a but_o shall_v proceed_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o those_o obvious_a observation_n to_o our_o purpose_n viz._n that_o it_o be_v evident_a from_o common_a experience_n that_o the_o natural_a force_n or_o power_n of_o any_o one_o person_n be_v too_o weak_a scanty_a and_o inconsiderable_a towards_o the_o obtain_n all_o that_o happiness_n he_o desire_v and_o be_v capable_a of_o to_o procure_v which_o he_o still_o want_v the_o help_n and_o assistance_n of_o many_o other_o person_n and_o thing_n to_o render_v his_o life_n safe_a pleasant_a or_o content_v and_o further_o that_o it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o any_o one_o of_o we_o to_o contribute_v many_o thing_n towards_o the_o use_n of_o other_o of_o our_o own_o kind_n which_o we_o do_v not_o need_v ourselves_o and_o which_o though_o of_o no_o use_n to_o we_o yet_o may_v be_v of_o singular_a use_n to_o their_o happiness_n or_o preservation_n but_o since_o we_o be_v certain_a from_o those_o know_a bound_n of_o our_o power_n that_o we_o be_v not_o able_a to_o compel_v all_o those_o by_o force_n who_o assistance_n we_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o to_o cooperate_v with_o we_o towards_o this_o our_o main_a end_n and_o design_n viz._n happiness_n there_o can_v be_v no_o sure_a mean_n or_o safe_a defence_n leave_v we_o than_o that_o by_o a_o constant_a offering_n and_o afford_v those_o necessary_n of_o life_n together_o with_o our_o assistance_n to_o other_o as_o often_o as_o it_o lie_v in_o our_o power_n we_o may_v thereby_o probable_o render_v they_o likewise_o benevolent_a and_o helpful_a to_o we_o in_o the_o like_a necessity_n or_o occasion_n so_o that_o this_o benevolence_n or_o charity_n be_v only_o a_o constant_a will_n and_o endeavour_n of_o act_v thus_o sincere_o and_o diffusive_o whenever_o any_o opportunity_n offer_v itself_o and_o that_o even_o in_o those_o case_n in_o which_o it_o may_v oftentimes_o be_v probable_o foresee_v that_o no_o return_n can_v be_v immediate_o expect_v from_o the_o person_n to_o who_o the_o benefit_n be_v do_v since_o however_o it_o still_o contribute_v to_o the_o general_a good_a of_o mankind_n of_o which_o that_o person_n we_o so_o benefit_n be_v a_o member_n which_o general_a benevolence_n do_v not_o yet_o hinder_v but_o that_o we_o may_v bestow_v and_o exercise_v a_o large_a share_n and_o high_a degree_n thereof_o towards_o those_o from_o who_o our_o own_o long_a acquaintance_n and_o near_a relation_n may_v persuade_v we_o to_o hope_v for_o large_a return_v of_o friendship_n §_o 25._o whence_o we_o may_v in_o the_o next_o place_n observe_v that_o if_o our_o assistance_n and_o other_o thing_n in_o our_o power_n certain_o contribute_v to_o the_o use_n or_o benefit_n of_o other_o they_o can_v only_o perform_v this_o as_o they_o be_v assign_v or_o appropriate_v to_o the_o particular_a person_n that_o be_v to_o make_v use_n of_o they_o according_a to_o some_o certain_a time_n and_o place_n so_o that_o if_o right_a reason_n prescribe_v a_o use_n of_o thing_n and_o humane_a help_n as_o necessary_a for_o the_o happiness_n and_o preservation_n of_o mankind_n it_o as_o necessary_o prescribe_v that_o this_o use_v of_o these_o thing_n shall_v be_v appropriate_v to_o they_o that_o be_v thus_o to_o use_v they_o for_o the_o time_n they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o they_o and_o according_a
not_o some_o way_n or_o other_o either_o benefit_n or_o prejudice_n those_o thing_n which_o be_v most_o dear_a to_o other_o also_o as_o the_o motion_n of_o any_o one_o body_n in_o the_o system_fw-la of_o the_o world_n communicate_v itself_o to_o many_o other_o for_o that_o great_a prerogative_n of_o knowledge_n and_o understanding_n with_o which_o man_n be_v endue_v supply_v the_o contiguity_n require_v for_o motion_n in_o other_o body_n man_n be_v often_o excite_v to_o action_n by_o certain_a arbitrary_a sign_n or_o word_n by_o which_o they_o understand_v what_o have_v be_v do_v by_o other_o in_o place_n far_o distant_a so_o also_o our_o intellect_n apprehend_v a_o likeness_n of_o desire_n and_o aversion_n between_o those_o of_o the_o same_o species_n with_o itself_o as_o to_o thing_n necessary_a or_o hurtful_a to_o life_n as_o also_o be_v able_a to_o remember_v other_o man_n action_n towards_o themselves_o or_o those_o they_o love_v be_v from_o thence_o excite_v to_o hope_v for_o or_o expect_v the_o like_a thing_n from_o they_o and_o be_v also_o provoke_v to_o a_o requital_n when_o occasion_n be_v offer_v such_o property_n be_v plain_o natural_a and_o constant_a in_o humane_a nature_n be_v no_o less_o efficacious_a to_o excite_v man_n to_o such_o action_n or_o motion_n than_o a_o mutual_a contact_n between_o body_n be_v to_o communicate_v motion_n between_o all_o the_o part_n of_o any_o corporeal_a system_n §_o 5._o from_o which_o natural_a observation_n it_o be_v plain_o manifest_a that_o particular_a man_n may_v hence_o learn_v that_o both_o their_o great_a security_n from_o evil_a and_o all_o their_o hope_n of_o obtain_v any_o good_a or_o assistance_n from_o other_o towards_o make_v themselves_o happy_a do_v true_o and_o necessary_o depend_v upon_o voluntary_a action_n proceed_v from_o the_o benevolence_n of_o other_o who_o do_v likewise_o themselves_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o the_o like_a mean_n for_o their_o happiness_n and_o safety_n from_o whence_o we_o easy_o perceive_v that_o these_o mutual_a help_n and_o assistance_n of_o man_n towards_o each_o other_o be_v high_o beneficial_a to_o all_o of_o they_o and_o answer_v that_o concourse_n of_o natural_a body_n and_o that_o session_n or_o give_v place_n to_o each_o other_o which_o be_v so_o necessary_a for_o the_o performance_n of_o their_o motion_n so_o that_o from_o this_o necessity_n of_o these_o mutual_a help_n it_z as_o necessary_o follow_v that_o he_o who_o will_v consult_v his_o own_o happiness_n and_o preservation_n shall_v procure_v as_o far_o as_o he_o be_v able_a the_o good_a will_n and_o assistance_n of_o other_o since_o he_o can_v but_o be_v sensible_a that_o he_o be_v able_a to_o afford_v and_o perform_v to_o other_o divers_a like_o office_n of_o kindness_n and_o so_o be_v able_a to_o conspire_v with_o the_o whole_a system_n of_o rational_a being_n towards_o the_o same_o end_n viz._n the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a being_n and_o that_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o weak_a and_o inconsiderable_a force_n of_o any_o one_o man_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o compel_v so_o many_o other_o each_o of_o they_o equal_a if_o not_o superior_a to_o himself_o both_o in_o wit_n and_o power_n to_o yield_v he_o their_o help_n and_o assistance_n to_o their_o own_o prejudice_n whether_o they_o will_v or_o no_o which_o will_v prove_v as_o impossible_a as_o that_o a_o hundred_o pound_n weight_n place_v in_o one_o scale_n of_o a_o balance_n shall_v bear_v down_o several_a other_o hundred_o weight_n put_v on_o the_o opposite_a scale_n so_o likewise_o the_o force_n and_o cunning_a of_o any_o single_a person_n be_v of_o no_o sufficient_a power_n or_o force_n against_o the_o several_a necessity_n counsel_n and_o endeavour_n of_o innumerable_a other_o towards_o their_o own_o and_o the_o common_a good_a without_o any_o consideration_n of_o his_o particular_a happiness_n alone_o therefore_o it_o be_v manifest_a from_o this_o natural_a balance_n of_o humane_a power_n that_o man_n may_v be_v more_o certain_o induce_v by_o our_o benevolence_n or_o endeavour_v of_o the_o common_a good_a to_o yield_v we_o those_o thing_n and_o assistance_n we_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o than_o by_o use_v force_n or_o deceit_n which_o mr._n h._n cive_z suppose_n even_o the_o good_a and_o virtuous_a may_v lawful_o exercise_v in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n as_o the_o only_a natural_a mean_n of_o self-preservation_n in_o his_o imaginary_a state_n of_o nature_n §_o 6._o so_o that_o from_o these_o natural_a observation_n concern_v all_o the_o mean_n necessary_a to_o the_o conservation_n of_o the_o corporeal_a universe_n and_o of_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o being_n therein_o contain_v we_o may_v draw_v these_o conclusion_n 1._o that_o all_o thing_n be_v so_o dispose_v that_o not_o the_o least_o quantity_n of_o matter_n and_o motion_n can_v ever_o be_v lose_v but_o the_o same_o species_n of_o animal_n be_v still_o continue_v and_o be_v rather_o increase_v than_o lessen_v notwithstanding_o all_o the_o opposition_n of_o the_o cruel_a passion_n and_o unruly_a appetite_n of_o some_o other_o animal_n so_o that_o in_o this_o perpetuity_n of_o matter_n and_o motion_n by_o a_o continual_a succession_n of_o thing_n the_o natural_a good_a or_o conservation_n of_o the_o corporeal_a universe_n consist_v and_o towards_o which_o it_o be_v carry_v according_a to_o the_o immutable_a law_n of_o motion_n nor_o can_v there_o be_v any_o sufficient_a reason_n give_v why_o the_o conservation_n of_o mankind_n may_v not_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o establish_v by_o as_o certain_a and_o natural_a a_o power_n of_o cause_n as_o the_o successive_a generation_n of_o any_o other_o creature_n since_o they_o depend_v alike_o upon_o the_o last_a nature_n of_o the_o corporeal_a universe_n and_o agree_v in_o all_o the_o essential_o of_o animal_n and_o certain_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o rational_a soul_n to_o our_o body_n do_v very_o often_o put_v we_o in_o a_o better_a condition_n than_o that_o of_o brute_n but_o can_v never_o make_v we_o in_o a_o worse_o which_o will_v be_v evident_a to_o any_o man_n that_o consider_v the_o benefit_n which_o accrue_v to_o our_o body_n from_o the_o government_n of_o our_o reason_n and_o which_o do_v abundant_o recompense_v some_o inconvenience_n which_o may_v happen_v to_o they_o from_o the_o error_n of_o our_o mind_n nay_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o its_o error_n concern_v food_n pleasure_n and_o other_o thing_n which_o concern_v the_o preservation_n of_o our_o body_n proceed_v from_o the_o soul_n be_v yield_v against_o the_o admonition_n of_o reason_n to_o carnal_a appetite_n and_o corporeal_a or_o animal_n passion_n 2._o that_o the_o matter_n and_o motion_n of_o all_o body_n as_o also_o of_o man_n consider_v only_o as_o such_o do_v mechanical_o or_o whether_o they_o will_v or_o no_o promote_v the_o motion_n of_o that_o of_o the_o corporeal_a universe_n since_o the_o motion_n of_o all_o particular_a body_n be_v determine_v by_o the_o general_a motion_n of_o the_o whole_a system_n in_o short_a our_o judgement_n concern_v the_o necessary_a mean_n of_o the_o happiness_n of_o mankind_n may_v be_v convince_v from_o these_o natural_a cause_n operate_a after_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o by_o the_o same_o natural_a law_n by_o which_o the_o corporeal_a universe_n be_v preserve_v since_o they_o consist_v in_o these_o two_o rule_n 1._o that_o the_o endeavour_n of_o particular_a person_n towards_o their_o own_o preservation_n be_v as_o plain_o necessary_a for_o the_o conservation_n of_o the_o whole_a species_n of_o mankind_n as_o the_o mechanic_n motion_n of_o particular_a body_n be_v to_o the_o general_a motion_n of_o the_o whole_a corporeal_a system_n 2._o that_o the_o power_n of_o particular_a person_n by_o which_o they_o defend_v themselves_o against_o the_o force_n of_o other_o shall_v be_v so_o equal_o balance_v as_o that_o like_o the_o motion_n of_o other_o body_n none_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v destroy_v or_o lose_v to_o the_o prejudice_n or_o detriment_n of_o the_o whole_a somewhat_o like_o which_o be_v see_v in_o all_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o corporeal_a system_n of_o the_o world_n which_o proceed_v from_o its_o plenitude_n and_o the_o mutual_a contact_n of_o body_n and_o so_o extend_v themselves_o through_o the_o whole_a mass_n of_o matter_n but_o it_o be_v the_o proper_a talon_n of_o humane_a reason_n and_o understanding_n to_o observe_v that_o each_o man_n be_v particular_a happiness_n do_v depend_v upon_o the_o voluntary_a action_n of_o other_o rational_n after_o a_o much_o noble_a manner_n even_o when_o they_o be_v far_o distant_a and_o can_v therefore_o take_v care_n that_o all_o humane_a action_n may_v in_o like_a manner_n conduce_v to_o the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a agent_n as_o the_o motion_n of_o all_o body_n do_v to_o the_o conservation_n of_o the_o whole_a corporeal_a system_n which_o will_v be_v true_o perform_v if_o in_o all_o voluntary_a action_n which_o respect_v other_o those_o two_o rule_n
each_o other_o since_o this_o be_v to_o level_v man_n with_o the_o most_o despicable_a creature_n for_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o beast_n nay_o insect_n so_o weak_a but_o may_v sometime_o or_o other_o destroy_v a_o man_n by_o force_n or_o surprise_v and_o we_o read_v of_o a_o pope_n who_o be_v choke_v by_o swallow_v of_o a_o fly_n in_o his_o drink_n which_o if_o it_o can_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o fly_n on_o purpose_n will_v make_v the_o fly_n and_o the_o pope_n to_o be_v equal_a by_o nature_n principle_n iii_o that_o there_o be_v a_o mutual_a will_n or_o desire_v in_o all_o man_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n of_o hurt_v each_o other_o §_o 1._o which_o mr._n h._n thus_o endeavour_n to_o prove_v in_o the_o same_o chapter_n of_o his_o de_n cive_z there_o be_v a_o will_v say_v he_o indeed_o in_o all_o man_n of_o do_v hurt_v in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n but_o not_o from_o the_o same_o cause_n nor_o alike_o culpable_a for_o one_o man_n according_a to_o a_o natural_a equality_n allow_v to_o other_o all_o the_o same_o thing_n as_o to_o himself_o which_o be_v the_o part_n of_o a_o modest_a man_n and_o of_o one_o that_o right_o measure_v his_o own_o strength_n another_o esteem_v himself_o superior_a to_o other_o will_v have_v all_o thing_n to_o be_v lawful_a for_o himself_o only_o and_o arrogate_v a_o honour_n to_o himself_o above_o other_o which_o be_v the_o part_n of_o a_o proud_a disposition_n therefore_o the_o will_n of_o hurt_v be_v in_o this_o man_n from_o a_o vain_a glory_n and_o a_o false_a esteem_n of_o his_o own_o power_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o other_o from_o a_o necessity_n of_o defend_v his_o own_o good_n and_o liberty_n against_o the_o other_o violence_n beside_o since_o the_o strife_n of_o wit_n be_v the_o great_a among_o man_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o very_o great_a discord_n shall_v arise_v from_o that_o contention_n for_o it_o be_v not_o only_o odious_a to_o contradict_v but_o also_o not_o to_o consent_v for_o not_o to_o consent_v to_o another_o in_o a_o thing_n be_v tacit_o to_o accuse_v he_o of_o error_n in_o that_o matter_n so_o likewise_o to_o dissent_v in_o very_a many_o thing_n be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o count_v he_o a_o fool_n which_o may_v appear_v from_o hence_o that_o no_o war_n be_v more_o sharp_o prosecute_v than_o between_o different_a sect_n of_o the_o same_o religion_n and_o the_o faction_n of_o the_o same_o commonwealth_n where_o there_o be_v a_o strife_n concern_v doctrine_n or_o civil_a prudence_n but_o since_o all_o pleasure_n and_o satisfaction_n of_o mind_n consist_v in_o this_o that_o a_o man_n may_v have_v somewhat_o by_o which_o compare_v himself_o with_o other_o he_o may_v think_v high_o well_o of_o himself_o it_o be_v impossible_a but_o that_o they_o shall_v show_v their_o mutual_a hatred_n and_o contempt_n sometime_o either_o by_o laughter_n word_n or_o gesture_n or_o by_o some_o outward_a sign_n than_o which_o there_o be_v indeed_o no_o great_a vexation_n of_o mind_n neither_o from_o which_o a_o great_a desire_n of_o hurt_v can_v arise_v but_o the_o most_o frequent_a cause_n why_o man_n desire_v to_o hurt_v each_o other_o arise_v from_o hence_o that_o many_o desire_v the_o same_o thing_n at_o once_o yet_o which_o very_o often_o happen_v they_o neither_o may_v nor_o can_v enjoy_v it_o in_o common_a nor_o will_v yet_o divide_v it_o from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o it_o must_v be_v give_v to_o the_o strong_a but_o who_o be_v the_o strong_a can_v only_o be_v know_v by_o fight_v §_o 2._o from_o which_o i_o shall_v first_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v not_o true_a that_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n there_o be_v in_o all_o man_n a_o like_a will_n of_o hurt_v each_o other_o for_o in_o this_o state_n the_o first_o and_o most_o natural_a condition_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v when_o man_n have_v not_o as_o yet_o at_o all_o provoke_v each_o other_o nor_o do_v they_o either_o good_a or_o harm_n and_o in_o this_o condition_n none_o but_o a_o fool_n a_o wicked_a man_n or_o a_o madman_n can_v have_v any_o desire_n to_o hurt_v another_o who_o have_v give_v he_o no_o provocation_n for_o it_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o there_o be_v too_o many_o man_n such_o as_o mr._n hobbs_n describe_v who_o will_v arrogate_v more_o thing_n to_o themselves_o than_o they_o either_o deserve_v or_o real_o need_v yet_o even_o in_o these_o man_n there_o be_v not_o a_o will_v to_o hurt_v every_o man_n alike_o but_o only_o those_o who_o stand_v in_o their_o way_n and_o who_o good_n or_o other_o thing_n they_o may_v think_v may_v be_v useful_a for_o themselves_o nor_o yet_o be_v these_o all_o mankind_n since_o he_o grant_v there_o be_v some_o and_o perhaps_o as_o many_o or_o more_o who_o according_a to_o natural_a equality_n will_v allow_v to_o other_o all_o the_o same_o thing_n as_o to_o themselves_o which_o he_o grant_v be_v the_o part_n of_o a_o modest_a man_n and_o who_o make_v a_o true_a estimate_n of_o his_o own_o strength_n and_o certain_o if_o this_o modest_a man_n judge_n according_a to_o right_a reason_n who_o allow_v to_o other_o the_o same_o thing_n as_o to_o himself_o this_o violent_a or_o proud_a man_n he_o here_o describe_v can_v acquire_v any_o right_n to_o the_o liberty_n or_o good_n of_o other_o from_o his_o own_o unreasonable_a judgement_n and_o false_a estimation_n of_o his_o own_o strength_n or_o merit_n nor_o be_v this_o self-defence_n of_o the_o modest_a or_o honest_a man_n proper_o a_o desire_n to_o hurt_v the_o other_o but_o only_o a_o necessity_n to_o defend_v himself_o against_o his_o assault_n since_o he_o have_v no_o intention_n to_o hurt_v he_o before_o this_o violent_a man_n give_v he_o a_o just_a provocation_n §_o 3._o as_o for_o that_o strife_n of_o wit_n which_o as_o he_o say_v be_v the_o great_a among_o man_n though_o there_o may_v be_v some_o difference_n in_o opinion_n and_o contention_n arise_v from_o thence_o yet_o do_v it_o not_o therefore_o follow_v that_o there_o must_v from_o thence_o necessary_o arise_v a_o desire_n in_o all_o man_n of_o hurt_v or_o destroy_v other_o for_o there_o be_v many_o of_o so_o equal_a and_o reasonable_a a_o disposition_n that_o they_o can_v find_v no_o cause_n of_o hate_v much_o less_o of_o hurt_v other_o though_o they_o often_o differ_v from_o they_o in_o opinion_n or_o that_o they_o must_v take_v all_o other_o for_o fool_n if_o they_o prefer_v their_o own_o judgement_n before_o another_o man_n and_o as_o for_o mr._n h_n instance_n that_o there_o be_v no_o war_n more_o sharp_a than_o those_o between_o the_o different_a sect_n of_o the_o same_o religion_n or_o the_o faction_n of_o the_o same_o commonwealth_n these_o example_n will_v not_o make_v out_o that_o for_o which_o he_o produce_v they_o since_o he_o grant_v war_n about_o religion_n do_v seldom_o happen_v but_o among_o those_o of_o different_a sect_n in_o the_o same_o religion_n which_o show_v it_o do_v not_o proceed_v from_o the_o natural_a state_n of_o mankind_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v govern_v by_o reason_n not_o superstition_n much_o less_o from_o natural_a religion_n but_o from_o a_o unreasonable_a superstition_n or_o blind_a zeal_n too_o often_o inflame_v by_o the_o priest_n of_o either_o party_n make_v it_o not_o their_o own_o but_o god_n cause_n or_o glory_n as_o they_o call_v it_o for_o which_o they_o will_v have_v they_o fight_v persecute_v and_o destroy_v each_o other_o and_o as_o for_o the_o war_n and_o contention_n between_o the_o different_a faction_n of_o the_o same_o commonwealth_n it_o be_v apparent_a they_o have_v no_o place_n in_o the_o mere_a state_n of_o nature_n since_o they_o be_v produce_v by_o man_n enter_v into_o civil_a society_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v not_o fair_o urge_v by_o mr._n h._n as_o a_o instance_n of_o their_o desire_n to_o hurt_v each_o other_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n §_o 4._o in_o answer_n to_o his_o assertion_n that_o all_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v place_v in_o something_o by_o which_o a_o man_n compare_v himself_o with_o other_o may_v thereby_o think_v high_o well_o of_o himself_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v impossible_a but_o they_o must_v declare_v their_o hatred_n and_o contempt_n of_o each_o other_o sometime_o either_o by_o laughter_n etc._n etc._n than_o which_o there_o can_v be_v no_o great_a vexation_n neither_o from_o which_o a_o great_a desire_n of_o revenge_n do_v usual_o arise_v i_o thus_o reply_v first_o neither_o do_v this_o observation_n reach_v so_o that_o they_o must_v needs_o take_v pleasure_n in_o put_v a_o high_a value_n upon_o themselves_o than_o they_o deserve_v or_o that_o right_a reason_n or_o prudence_n shall_v persuade_v they_o to_o affront_v other_o either_o by_o word_n or_o action_n neither_o yet_o to_o take_v for_o affront_v and_o mortal_a injury_n all_o those_o
17._o in_o these_o word_n but_o what_o be_v divers_a commonwealth_n but_o so_o many_o garrison_n fortify_v against_o each_o other_o with_o arm_n and_o ammunition_n who_o state_n because_o they_o be_v keep_v in_o awe_n by_o no_o common_a power_n although_o a_o uncertain_a peace_n or_o short_a truce_n may_v intervene_v be_v yet_o to_o be_v account_v for_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n that_o be_v for_o a_o state_n of_o war._n from_o all_o which_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o deduce_v the_o grievous_a mischief_n that_o will_v thereby_o happen_v to_o mankind_n for_o in_o the_o first_o place_n these_o civil_a sovereign_n he_o mention_n can_v never_o be_v oblige_v by_o any_o covenant_n from_o make_v war_n upon_o and_o ruine_v each_o other_o nor_o can_v be_v accuse_v for_o breach_n of_o faith_n or_o infidelity_n when_o they_o do_v so_o for_o be_v still_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n that_o will_v necessary_o follow_v which_o he_o lay_v down_o at_o the_o end_n of_o his_o former_a chapter_n as_o the_o consequence_n of_o this_o state_n to_o this_o war_n of_o every_o man_n against_o every_o man_n this_o also_o be_v consequent_a that_o nothing_o can_v be_v unjust_a the_o notion_n of_o right_n and_o wrong_n justice_n and_o injustice_n have_v there_o no_o place_n where_o there_o be_v no_o common_a power_n there_o be_v no_o law_n where_o no_o law_n no_o injustice_n force_n and_o fraud_n be_v in_o war_n the_o two_o cardinal_n virtue_n §_o 3._o so_o that_o you_o see_v upon_o these_o principle_n it_o be_v altogether_o in_o vain_a for_o prince_n to_o make_v any_o article_n or_o covenant_n of_o peace_n with_o each_o other_o no_o not_o if_o they_o swear_v to_o they_o never_o so_o solemn_o for_o in_o the_o last_o word_n of_o this_o chapter_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o oath_n add_v nothing_o to_o the_o obligation_n for_o a_o covenant_n if_o lawful_a bind_v in_o the_o sight_n of_o god_n without_o the_o oath_n as_o much_o as_o with_o it_o if_o unlawful_a bind_v not_o at_o all_o though_o it_o be_v confirm_v with_o a_o oath_n so_o that_o if_o the_o covenant_n can_v not_o oblige_v the_o oath_n will_v serve_v to_o as_o little_a purpose_n what_o prince_n will_v thank_v he_o for_o this_o doctrine_n i_o know_v not_o but_o i_o hope_v it_o be_v not_o a_o apology_n for_o the_o late_a action_n of_o any_o prince_n but_o the_o ottoman_a emperor_n and_o our_o christian_a grand_a signior_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o water_n but_o if_o the_o state_n of_o prince_n towards_o each_o other_o be_v so_o bad_a that_o of_o the_o subject_n be_v much_o worse_o for_o from_o these_o principle_n the_o safety_n of_o all_o ambassador_n merchant_n and_o traveller_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o any_o prince_n or_o state_n with_o who_o we_o be_v at_o peace_n be_v thereby_o utter_o take_v away_o nor_o can_v the_o subject_n be_v in_o a_o better_a condition_n than_o their_o master_n for_o by_o this_o author_n determination_n they_o be_v present_o enemy_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o come_v under_o a_o foreign_a power_n for_o such_o prince_n be_v always_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n towards_o each_o other_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o their_o natural_a right_n or_o prerogative_n to_o force_v all_o those_o that_o be_v weak_a to_o give_v a_o caution_n of_o their_o future_a obedience_n and_o good_a behaviour_n unless_o they_o will_v rather_o suffer_v death_n for_o nothing_o can_v be_v imagine_v more_o absurd_a than_o that_o he_o who_o be_v weak_a you_o have_v in_o your_o power_n by_o let_v he_o go_v you_o may_v render_v both_o strong_a and_o your_o enemy_n all_o which_o be_v his_o own_o word_n in_o his_o de_n cive_z cap._n 1._o §_o 14._o nor_o can_v i_o understand_v what_o he_o mean_v by_o a_o future_a caution_n of_o obedience_n but_o the_o submission_n of_o those_o who_o be_v thus_o seize_v upon_o and_o their_o come_n into_o the_o same_o commonwealth_n and_o subject_v themselves_o whole_o to_o their_o empire_n who_o thus_o lie_v hold_v on_o they_o for_o he_o tell_v we_o present_o after_o that_o a_o certain_a and_o irresistible_a power_n confer_v a_o right_a of_o govern_v and_o rule_v those_o who_o can_v resist_v it_o so_o that_o if_o this_o doctrine_n be_v true_a in_o what_o a_o ill_a condition_n be_v ambassador_n and_o other_o stranger_n in_o foreign_a country_n now_o at_o league_n with_o we_o any_o one_o may_v easy_o perceive_v well_o but_o suppose_v such_o stranger_n can_v or_o will_v submit_v themselves_o absolute_o to_o these_o foreign_a power_n they_o may_v yet_o choose_v whether_o they_o will_v accept_v it_o since_o no_o law_n of_o nature_n according_a to_o mr._n h_n principle_n can_v oblige_v foreigner_n to_o any_o outward_a act_n of_o kindness_n or_o mercy_n towards_o other_o who_o be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o commonwealth_n since_o they_o may_v either_o accept_v of_o this_o their_o submission_n or_o else_o refuse_v it_o and_o put_v they_o to_o death_n though_o otherwise_o never_o so_o innocent_a §_o 4._o but_o if_o compact_n with_o those_o of_o different_a commonwealth_n whether_o prince_n or_o subject_n be_v of_o so_o little_a force_n let_v we_o see_v whether_o they_o will_v signify_v any_o more_o among_o those_o who_o have_v agree_v to_o renounce_v this_o state_n of_o nature_n be_v willing_a to_o transfer_v all_o their_o power_n upon_o one_o or_o more_o person_n and_o so_o enter_v into_o his_o commonwealth_n where_o first_o i_o desire_v you_o to_o observe_v that_o these_o pact_n or_o covenant_n by_o which_o every_o man_n renounce_v his_o natural_a right_n be_v still_o make_v in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n in_o which_o state_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o any_o man_n to_o doubt_v of_o another_o fidelity_n but_o whether_o a_o man_n just_o fear_v that_o another_o will_v not_o perform_v his_o part_n he_o that_o fear_v be_v the_o only_a judge_n and_o therefore_o mr._n h._n conclude_v that_o every_o man_n have_v cause_n to_o fear_v whenever_o he_o be_v afraid_a which_o reason_n if_o it_o be_v of_o any_o force_n will_v infer_v that_o not_o only_o those_o compact_n be_v invalid_a in_o which_o nothing_o be_v perform_v on_o either_o part_n but_o also_o those_o in_o which_o any_o thing_n of_o any_o moment_n remain_v yet_o to_o be_v do_v by_o either_o party_n for_o he_o who_o will_v not_o keep_v faith_n any_o long_o may_v when_o he_o please_v pretend_v to_o be_v afraid_a lest_o the_o other_o shall_v break_v his_o faith_n with_o he_o and_o that_o very_o just_o whilst_o he_o himself_o be_v the_o only_a judge_n of_o it_o and_o therefore_o his_o reason_n which_o be_v always_o suppose_a to_o be_v right_a may_v not_o only_o tell_v he_o that_o he_o need_v not_o perform_v his_o part_n of_o the_o covenant_n but_o also_o that_o it_o be_v absolute_o void_a if_o he_o think_v fit_a to_o make_v it_o so_o but_o if_o any_o one_o will_v say_v that_o he_o himself_o have_v prevent_v this_o objection_n by_o his_o annotation_n to_o this_o article_n as_o also_o in_o his_o leu._n in_o this_o chap._n that_o the_o cause_n of_o fear_n which_o make_v such_o a_o covenant_n invalid_a must_v be_v always_o something_o arise_v after_o the_o covenant_n make_v as_o some_o new_a fact_n or_o other_o sign_n of_o the_o will_v not_o to_o perform_v else_o it_o can_v make_v the_o covenant_n void_a for_o that_o which_o can_v not_o hinder_v a_o man_n from_o promise_v ought_v not_o to_o be_v admit_v as_o a_o hindrance_n of_o perform_v all_o which_o though_o it_o be_v very_o true_a yet_o if_o what_o he_o have_v already_o allege_v in_o his_o forego_n section_n be_v also_o true_a it_o will_v not_o signify_v any_o thing_n because_o he_o there_o tell_v we_o that_o whether_o it_o be_v likely_a that_o he_o will_v perform_v or_o not_o he_o who_o be_v afraid_a be_v the_o only_a judge_n right_a or_o wrong_n it_o be_v all_o one_o and_o therefore_o this_o fear_n of_o another_o man_n fail_v in_o his_o trust_n may_v either_o arise_v from_o his_o call_n to_o mind_n the_o false_a and_o evil_a disposition_n of_o all_o man_n which_o before_o the_o compact_a he_o have_v not_o well_o consider_v or_o else_o he_o may_v suppose_v any_o act_n of_o the_o other_o party_n though_o never_o so_o innocent_a to_o be_v a_o sufficient_a sign_n of_o he_o will_v not_o to_o perform_v his_o part_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o thing_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n which_o can_v make_v such_o a_o timorous_a man_n secure_v of_o the_o fidelity_n of_o other_o for_o the_o performance_n of_o their_o compact_n because_o as_o mr._n h._n tell_v we_o in_o his_o de_n cive_z cap._n 5._o §_o 1_o 2._o cap._n 7._o §_o 27._o all_o the_o hope_n of_o security_n be_v place_v in_o that_o a_o man_n may_v prevent_v all_o other_o either_o open_o or_o by_o surprise_n so_o that_o although_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o utility_n of_o observe_v of_o compact_n be_v