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A61113 A discovrse of divers petitions of high concernment and great consequence delivered by the authour into the hands of King James, of famous memory, and into the hands of our gracious King Charles : and divers other letters delivered unto some great peers of the land and divers knights and ladies and others of great worth and quality : a treatise of melancholie and the strange effects thereof : with some directions for the comforting of poor afflicted soules and wounded consciences : and some directions for the curing and reclaiming surious mad men and some rare inventions in case of great extremity to feed them and preserve them from famishing and to procure them to speak : which it pleased the God of wisdom to enable me to finde out in the long time of fifty years experience and observation / by John Spencer, gentleman. Spencer, John, Gentleman. 1641 (1641) Wing S4953; ESTC R19173 61,728 130

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blood and phlegm the cast excrementitious viz. Choller melancholy and why the matter of urine as also those which be expelled from the third and private concoction viz. Teares and swet secondarily such as proceed from the manifold concoction of the blood till it come to the most perfect degree of assimilation viz. Ros Gluten Humour Innoninatus Caubis The two last are added without necessity and therefore by some excluded without iniury The four humours blood phlegm choler and melancholy be made in the liver all at one and the same time all by one and the same heat The difference of them is not to be imputed to this heat but to the condition and qualification of the subiect matter if they be mad when which is the Chylus that is the meat and drinke concocted in the stomack resembling perhaps no colour consistence Almond-butter now this though it seem to be one simple humour yet it never is no not in the greatest disease Fornelius if this Chylus be temporate in a temporate body then all these humours in that body are temporate in their kinde if all then choler does not alwayes proceed from an immoderate but sometimes from a temporate nay a weak heat For what mans liver how cold soever it be is altogether without it This Chylus is carried by the meseraick vains to the liver which encompasseth it with the same heat from all parts and penetrates it equally making of the temporate part thereof blood of the hot part choler of the crude phlegm of the terrene melancholy and all this at the same time Obiect But phlegm is cold and crude the rudiment and shadow of the blood and and may by further concoction be turned into blood Ans. T is true yet not therefore necessary that we should name all halfe-concocted-blood phlegm or think it proceedes therefrom For then we might call the Chylus our meat or whatsoever we are nourished withall phlegm which how dissonant from reason let the obiector iudge moreover if the whole masse of blood were made of phlegm and choler of that and melancholy of this and each thus of other successively there should be but one humour in us taking diverse names according to the degrees or continuence of heat working upon it as a river is called now thus now otherwise by the inhabitants of this or that towne as it passeth by it It may here seem to be required what phlegm is but of that hereafter Thus much of the Galenists opinions of the humours the Chynicks laugh at these and their defenders calling them Humorists c. And count it folly to fetch the common internall causes of diseases from these supposed humours but derive all from Suphur Salt and Mercury which three principles to speak properly are not bodyes but plainly spiritual as they say by reason of the influence from heaven with which they are filled nor are they spirits because corporall therefore of a mixed nature participating of both and do bear anallagey and allusion as followes viz. Salt Common Salt Acerbe and bitter The Body Matter Art Sulphur Salt peter Sweete The soul Forme Nature Mercury Salt Armoniack Acid The Spirit Idea Vnderstanding c. And as they extract these third principles out of naturall bodies so they resolve them into the same hence they argue that bodies are made of the same and therefore must be well or ill as these shall stand affected to say the truth doubtles that which being present in us makes us sicke and being expelled from us we are well was the cause of our sickness● but common experience saies a body full of corrupted humours is sick and freed from them is w●ll therefore here is no reason why we should not thinke those ill humours the causes of our malady on the otherside I thinke Bertinus was deceived when he said that not a crum of salt lay hid in the body which if any deny I thinke he deserves to be served as Lots wife Concerning the temper of the body and every part how the elements concur to their constitution over ruling qualities result how there is one equall temper where the qualities of the elements do not exceed each other in quality nor their substance in quantity how this is the rule of all the other eight to speak of these things is too large a discourse let it therfore suffice to know that when a man aboundeth with blood he is not therfore to be called of a sanguine complection if with melancholy humors of a melancholy tēper c. For the abundance of this or that excrement does not instantly alter a mans perticular temper doubtles choler phlegm melancholy may abound in any nature if in the liver be cold and dry blood a long time together it may encline the body to coldnes driues which is a melancholy temper Astrologers refer the variety of the constitutions to the severall natures of the seven Planets and hereupon call some Ioviall some Martiall some venereall c. And from each Planet draw two constitutions as it shall be found well or ill disposed as from Mars well disposed they conclude a man valiant courragious fit to be an Emperour If ill they argue a man rash and fool hardy no better then a Tyrant He that desires to know more of this may have recourse to the learned treatise of M. Perkins stiled a resolution to a country man in the third volume of his works Of the Blood Blood is a humour hot yet temperate sweet and red prepared in the meseraick veines made in the liver of the temperate fat and aieriall parts of the Chylus and flowes from hence to all parts of the body Phylosophers affirme that we are nourished with his humour only Phisicians say with all four The seeming contrariety may be composed by the distinguishing thus blood is often taken for the whole masse conteined in the veines appointed to nourish the body now this masse is not homogenerall but of a diverse nature For the best and most temperate part of the blood is properly and in specie called blood the hot and dry part of it is called colerick blood the cold and moist part phlegmatick blood the cold and dry melancholick blood this diversity is answerable to the qualities of the Chylus whereof it is made therefore when Phylosophers say we are nourished with blood alone they understand the whole masse contained in the veines which neither Aris●otle nor any other Phylosopher will deny to have parts of the foresaid qualities these parts of the blood thus qualified must not be taken for excrementitious but for alimentary humours since they all nourish the body here two things are questioned first whether there be any pure blood in the veins without the 3. humors 2. Whether the blood be only a mixture of the third sincere humors so that choler or rather colerick blood in the veins should be the same with that wch is in the Gall I conclude negatively to both