repell by a refrigerating quality only as water and other such repercussours Galen lib. 14. Method but according to Galen and Oribasius all repelling Medicaments are onely to be used in the beginning of a fluxe That is called Helcticum or Epispasticum which draweth the humors downwards and it is contrary to repelling Medicaments for it is hot and thin but repercussives cold and grosse Galen lib. 10. compos Med. loc cap. 25. lib. 1. sympos c. 16. lib. 5. simplic And every hot Medicament draweth every cold one repells That which is hot in the second degree doth apparently draw that which is hot in the third partly drawes and partly disposes and it is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Now there are foure different kinds of attracting Medicaments Atrahentia quadruplicia Some draw by an Elementary quality which are hot in the second degree Others by accident as in putrefaction and of this sort Leaven hath the strongest attractive quality others by a certain similitude as poysons attract poyson others by an occult property As Dittany attracts and extracts pricks and darts the Loadstone Iron That is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which whether internally assumed or externally applyed doth not only open the passages by attenuation and scowring but which cutts divides and resolves obvious humours by sweat or breath Of which there are two kindes some weaker called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is relaxing which indeed are hot and subtill but doe not dry up which rather dispose the humors for resolution than resolve them The matter of resolving Medicament is abundant for all those that are moderately hot in the second and hot in the third degree and subtil resolve That which is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is stopping or obstructing is contrary to that which is called Anastomoticum for it obstructs the entry of the vessells and hinders evacuations because its substance is grosse and therefore obstructive That is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is closing which hath power but more unable and weak to obstruct and it onely closes the pores of the skin as Stegnoticum doth the orifices of the veines That is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is clammy which applyed to any place sticks tenaciously and obstructs the pores of the skin and fils them with much stuffe as Rosin or Gum. Some are also called Emphrastica which obstruct the pores with a glewish humour and fill them with clammy matter A condensing Medicament called by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is that which makes liquid and subtill juices more grosse its power consists in grosse and terrestriall matter void of all Acrimony The Med. called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is contrary to this which attenuates grosse and compact humour and variously dissolves them It is of a very subtill substance whether cold as vinegar or hot as Aqua vitae otherwise called Aqua vini and by many Alcumists an Elixir or quintessence That is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is a pore-opening Medicament which delivers the passages from viscid and clammy humors its faculty is various according to the various manner of the humour causing obstruction for that obstruction which proceeds from a glewish juice must be dissolved by an attenuating and cutting Ecphracticke that obstruction which is hard withall must be resolved by a mollifying quality That is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is mollifying which mollifies a hard body as a hard boyle and reduces it to its naturall state and it is at least hot in the second degree and temperate both in humidity and siccity cap. 4. 8. lib. 5. simpl that which is more temperate in heat is rather a cause of imposthumes But that which is applyed to a hard swelling caused by siccity should be both more moist and moderate in heat as oyle of much marrow That is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or a suppuratory which is most congruent and like to our nature and as it were a symmetry of heat and moisture c. 5.7 8. lib. 5. simpl whence if our finger be put to any part where we desire to change the matter into corruption if it be long therein detained it shall easily make a suppuration but mollifying Medicaments are hotter yet not so hot that they discusse by that quality their exuperant humidity and therefore suppurating Medicaments performe what they may rather by quantity and mollifying by quality than any other thing To the former 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is very simular but taken strictly it is a Medicament which concocts the humour Diapyeticum is that which changes it into corruption That is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or cleansing which purges out all grosse and subtill humours and all filth whence it is called a purgative Medicament It is altogether bitter of taste full of salt and drying that is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is applied to green wounds it is also called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is a blood stenching Medicament That Medicament is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or incarnative which is effectuall in regenerating flesh and it is dry in the first degree and cleanseth moderately and without paine cap. 15. lib. 5. simpl 3. Method That Medicament is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or glutinatory which conjoynes and agglutinates parts disjoyned that they may returne to their naturall unity when it is applyed to bloody wounds 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by some Symphyticum Aggregativum That is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is effectuall in solidating broken bones and in conjoyning flesh-pores That is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Synuloticum which makes a skar in the ulcer which it doth by its most efficacious siccity and astriction for this is dry in the third degree Coleticum in the second and Sarcoticum in the first onely That Medicament is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which consumes the superfluous flesh to which it is applyed and reduces the part to its native superficies whence it is called of some 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it is hot in the third degree That Med. is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which by burning the part to which it is applyed by its most vehement and fiery heat it leaves a pill or crust upon it as sublimate or a Caustick That Medicament is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is putrifying which partakes of some maligne quality and destroyes and putrifies the place it touches by induring its stink and ill quallity as Sandarach the Monks hood and such like Some are called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which take away hard thick skin and these may easily be used in their stead which are called Catharetica that is superfluous flesh-consuming Medicaments And since these are the chief names taken from the ffects of Medicamentall faculties we will omit those that are of lesse use CHAP. XV. Of the choice of purging Medicaments in generall IF an Apothecary sufficiently know these
not altogether manifest for Rhabarb differs much from choler Agarick from flegm and Senna from melancholy Although all Catharticks do attract humours Quae purgant trahendo yet some of them do purge more especially by attraction to wit such as are of a more potent force and have an excrementious humour saith Mesue as Scammony Turbith and Euphorbium others by repression Quae comprimendo as all the five Myrobalans and Rhabarb others by loosning and mollifying the belly as Cassia Tamurinds and others Quae lubricando which onely by leniating and solving the belly educe humours as the herb Orage Violets Mallows Sorrel and many Pot-herbs CHAP. X. Of Medicaments which besides their solution of the Belly cure many diseases by an occult poperty MEdicinall Materialls are as well innumerable as admirable which assumed at the mouth or applyed to the externall parts by a certain occult vertue and specifiall propriety perfectly cureth and undoubtedly preventeth present and future distempers or produceth other admirable effects as before in some few we have demonstrated This occult faculty also is not only discernable in plants but also in animalls and minerals For it is recorded that Pirrhus his thumb by touching such as laboured under the distempers of the spleen cured them and that most Christian and potent Monarch of France cured the Kings Evill with the touch of his hand this occult and most effectuall quality Os Aurum trabens is also seen in dead bodyes for Simplicius affirmes that the mouth of the fish Milvus doth draw Gold to which also Scaliger sets seal Exercit 102. 112 The reines of Scincus Marinus pulverized and drunk with wine or commixed with fit conserves and so taken doth cause stiffness of the yard and powerfully provoketh to Lechery A Harts pizzle dryed pulverized and drunk with Coltfoot or Carduus water is much commended against the Plurisy A Boares tooth pulverized and drunk worketh the same effect especially if taken at the beginning of the disease The Monocerces his horn doth admirably defend the heart from poysons and is much available in pestilent distempers The same effects are performed in the use of Harts horn and Rhinoceroes his horn The huckle bone of an Oxe pulverized and drunk with Oxymell doth mitigate the spleen The flesh of Hares burnt sifted and drunk doth break and expell stones out of the bladder The skin of a Viper pulverized and Applyed to a bald place doth admirably cause haires to grow where naturall humidity is not too much decayed The same effect is wrought by rosted Mice and anointing the place with honey A Cocks combe rosted or boyled and often eaten of doth much and effectually help such as are possessed with Chollicks passions Galen lib. de Therias A Goates hoof or its bladder or Egg-shells burned and taken in drink help those that pisse their beds Galen lib. 8. comp med Local writes that a Wolfs liver by a certain specificall property will helpe diseases in the Liver An Aspes skin dryed and pulverized and mixed with honey will cleer the eye sight The excrements of animalls by an occult property Creatures Excrements expell certain diseases as the dung of Peacocks the Epilepsy the dung of Swallows and Doggs the Quinsy Let these few examples suffice that are assumed from animalls That I may omit such as are hurtfull as the Sea Hare the Crampe-fish For the one by an obscure vertue affecting the Nerves stupifies them the other hurts the Lungs As Cantharides by Inflammation hurts the bladder and stops the urine or causes the strangury We may observe also which is most to be admired this same occult quality in many vegetables and plants as Sarsaperilla Lignum vitae Sasafras and China all which by a specificall property availe much in the cure of Lues venerea Ragwort or Satirion and the hearb Kocket The occult property of plants causes the yard to stand irritates Lust and frequent copulations The Chast tre Vitex aut Agnus Castus and water Lyllyes on the contrary doth allay the ardor of Lust extinguish seed and hinder the excretion of the Stones Opium mitigates frensy and madness and procures sleep though it be taken in a very little quantity Misleto of the Oak pulverised and drunk doth effectually cure the Epilepsy Dry grapes by a certaine sympathy are very commodious to the Liver Staves-acre by vertue not well known kills Lice so Fleabane Gantts Coleworth and Ivy cures Drunkenness Ptarmica provokes to sneezing As also both kinds of Hellebor Dittany by an occult property pulls out thornes and pricks if thereunto applyed The Ash tree drives away serpents and cures their bitings Stone-crop Saxifrage and Goates blood expell stones Savine brings down the monthly tearmes and the fruit of the wombe whether alive or dead The greater Comfrey doth speedily close wounds Betony doth search maligne ulcers and accellerate their cure Turpentine is the best Balsam to wounds and doth both speedily and easily cure them But that which is most strange is this Variety of effects in the selfe same plant that one plant in a certain part should have one effect in another a different or contrary one as Chamomile flowers which help the head-ach by smelling to them whose leaves are very hurtfull if we credit Galen lib. 2. comp Med. cap. 2. Sorrell relaxes the Belly the seed makes it costick The decoction of Colewort solves the belly But the Colwort it self eaten either binds it or makes it more adust As also Cock-broth moves the belly whilst its flesh binds and Gal lib. de Ther. cap. 6. assertes the same of Oysters and Cockles The wheyish or Butterish part of milk dissolves the belly the cheesy part constraines and makes it costick Gallen thinks it a miracle that the decoction of Trefoile applyed plaisterwise to the bitings of Serpents and Vipers should presently asswage the paine thereof and take out the poyson whereas being applyed to a sound part it provokes paines yet the reason of this effect doth not seeme very obscure nor far different from the nature and temperament of other hearbs For it is no wonder if the Medicine by whose help the corrupt part was cured and from which it drew some malignity or other being applyed to a sound part should leave an impression there of that malignity whereof it participated But we intend to discourse more particularly and largely of the specificall and admirable vertue of Quicksilver in curing the Venerian disease and of the occult and almost divine vertues of other mineralls CHAP. XI Of simple Medicaments which by a specificall property have respect to certain peculiar parts MAny simples are adjoyned with such a sympathy to certaine Parts that either assumed or applyed or often by their very smell help refresh and free us from diseases Yet I cannot conceive that they are for this sympathy and correspondency so devoted to particular members as thereon to spend all their effects or not to confer any upon
Also the cure of the bitings of Tarantula Curatio morsus venenati per musicam a beast like a Lizard hath respect to this discourse which may not be cured by Medicaments but onely by Musick I have known and heard of many such like cures which I omit for brevity sake CHAP. XIII Of Poysons THere is also an occult quality in Poysons of which Physiologers and searchers of natural things do sometimes speak as also impious Witches the Physiologers that they might acknowledge the prudence and sagacity of the Omnipotent Nature in good as well as pernicious things and contemplate the Ornament of the World but those Witches more pestilent than Pestilence it self and most pernicious Enemies of Mankinde that they might exanimate and extirpate out of the world all those whose life and fortunes they envy or hate For they most artificially adulterate the taste odour and colour of Poysons which they so craftily convey into Meats and Medicaments that they may deceive the most wise and wary and in stead of Bread give them a Stone in stead of a Fish a Scorpion instead of Sugar a sugared Poyson And so good men are not so safe from evil men as all men from Scorpions and other destructive Beasts Of which the Physician speaks as the Logician of Sophisms and Fallacies which he admonishes us to observe and avoyd as the Theologer speaks of Vice which he perswades us to shun Neither doth he treat of evil that thence good might follow wherein he differs from the Physician who disalloweth of poysonfull Sorcerers and yet treats of Poysons either as they are generated or by ill luck ingested into our bodyes or else as they are requisite to the curing of malign diseases otherwise to discourse of them or use them is pernicious And indeed Galen cap. 42. lib. 2. de Antidot reproves them that teach composition of Poysons Improbantur qui venena compenunt as Horummendesius Aratus Heliodorus the Athenian and Orpheus Yet doth he himself write largely concerning poysonous Simples as before him Dioscorides and after both Nicander that they might be known avoyded and by the advice of a learned and skilfull Physician used in some diseases For Arsenick is sometimes applyed to the dead flesh in Ulcers Vipers oil to Pocks-marks pimples and corrupt swellings Scorpions oil to their stings a hair of a mad Dog to the wound made by his own teeth Trochisks made of Vipers both internally assumed and externally applyed to all poysonous affections and diseases Poysons also are not onely put into Venena in corpore hominis interdum genita but sometimes generated in the body as Galen cap. 5. lib. 6. loc aff which produces both like affections and effects as those that come by pernicious poyson drunk or otherwise assumed for a Plague is a Poyson which is sometimes generated in the body without any manifest cause and the Sperm retained in Histerick women is partaker of a poysonous quality Dogs also in the heat of Summer easily become mad But these things are to be fore-known by Physicians that they may preserve health without fault and drive away all diseases And although Poysons be destructive Venena aliquando nutrire Historia yet by custome they become nutritive for I think the story of the Girl is sufficiently known of which Avicenna Rufus and Gentilis speak who being fed with Poyson onely from her Infancy was so infectious that her breath was pestiferous and destructive to such as came near her Another woman lived at Coleyn in Germany who as Albertus relates did usually eat Spiders whereas one Spider bruised in Wine would kill many One Porus King of India did daily eat Snakes and Poysons Rex anguirus who being a long time nourished with this kinde of Aliment was so poysonfull that he would kill men by his touch or breath or by his spitting as a Serpent or any other poysonous Creature There is a certain kinde of men in the Hellespont Ophiogenes who are nourished with Poysons onely and thence they are fitly called Ophiogenes that is to say generated of Serpents The Marsians and Psyllians delighted much in the same nutriment who feared not at all the bitings and poysons of Serpents which was experienced in one of that Family Exagon by name who by the Decree of the Roman Consuls was put into a Hogshead filled with Serpents who nevertheless escaped without detriment Plin. cap. 29. lib. 6. Athenageras the Grecian as it is related could not be hurt by Scorpions The same is affirmed of the Ethiopians that inhabit near the River Hydaspes Galen makes mention lib. 3. simp cap. 13. of a certain Athenian woman which had often eat a great quantity of Hemlock without any prejudice to her health Sext. Emperic hath the same story of another old woman 'T is generally reported of Lysis that she would eat Opium in a great quantity without impairing her health and I saw a woman of Nemaxium who daily took half a dram of the same A certain maid of Crete did kill several with her looks and bring boyes into a consumption What need of more they that are accustomed to Poysons are free from the mischief of them Poysons are drawn either from Plants Whence Poyson proceeds Animals or Minerals From Plants as from all kinds of Poppy from Henbane and Mandrakes whose qualities though they be poysonous yet often times effectual for curing many Diseases And those very things which sometimes are present poyson both to man and beast yet being rightly handled prepared and applyed they are a secure help The herb Wolfs bane is poyson Poysons sometimes are mecamental yet it is added to Ophthalmick Medicaments and Hemlock though poysonous yet effectual in extinguishing Tetters Ulcers and Leprous spots Nerium also drunk in Wine is good against the bitings of Serpents House-leek killeth the Ringworm and spreading soars All kinds of Night-shade rightly applyed doth mitigate any pain But all these according to Dioscorides are poysonous as also Ranunculus Esula Hermodactylus yet the use thereof is not onely wholsome but effectual in many distempers As also Aconitus Herba Paris yea Antimony and Stibium and many others are both medicamental and poysonous for they both cure and kill Mushtooms also are not altogether Medicaments but sometimes Aliment and sometimes Poyson for by the use of these five young Students of Paris were killed and yet Courtiers are much taken with such Dishes I shall not here renumerate other poysonous Plants which are daily and fortunately put to medicinal uses for it may suffice that I have touched upon a few because it is not necessary neither can they all be comprehended in one Chapter Medicaments also are taken from poysonfull Animals Medicines daily assumed from poysonous Animals for the flesh of Stinci marini is often given to decayed Nature to excite Venery Vipers do admirably benefit such as are leprous as also Snakes whose flesh rightly prepared is a sure Antidote against
to labour and frequent purgation or pestered with many obstructions whereas the soft and slender bodyes of women and children which are either dry or macilent as also of pregnant women and persons newly recovered from diseases will not endure strong ones The species also and plenty of the humour Frigidus crassus humor tardius purgatur varyes the quantity of the Medicament for a viscid grosse frigid Melanchollicke pituitous and tenaciously adhering humour will hardly be deduced but requires a more valid and potent catharticke for its exclusion a thin calid and chollerick humour will sometimes be ejected by spontaneous vomit very easily by a purgative Medicament Furthermore the state of the heavens the nature of the region and the condition of the season of the year require a different quantity of Medicament for seeing the belly is obdurate in a cold season Aphor. 5. lib. 3 and a rigid Winter coartactes and condenses the body especially in the frigid region or climate the humour then tenaciously adhering is not propelled save either by a strong Medicament once or a gentle one often and in abundance exhibited and as the year for the most part causes diseases according to its own constitution Aphor. 5. lib. 3. so according to the species of the humour causing the disease and its greater or lesser progresse it is requisite that not only the kind but quantity of the Medicament be changed which must be more copious if by reason of the body humour state of the heavens region or custome purgation be difficult as on the contrary if purgation be easy in lesser quantity as shall appear hereafter CHAP. IX Of such as must be prescribed in small quantity EVery purgative Medicament hath either a strong or a weak facultie which by a particular propriety respect the gentle or potent eduction of this rather than another humour Now that Medicament I call gentle or weak â—landum medicamentum quale which assumed in an indifferent quantitie moves the ventricle benignely and educes moderately but superfluously assumed educes superabundantly For if an immoderate quantitie of Rhabarb or Cassia which are of the most familiar Medicaments to nature be assumed as an ounce and a half of the former or half a pound of the later it will move either stoole or vomit or both with a great and immoderate turbation of the ventricle and agitation of the humours That I call a potent purgative Potenter purgans which in small quantity as that that 's weighed by grains causes a copious and great dejection which must be given in small quantity as also all such as are ingratefull rare dear indued with potent efficacious vertue or partaker of any malignant quality Those are ingratefull Ingrâ—ta qualia which by their odour grievously affect our nose or brain as Castor Sagapenum and Assa-foetida which being a stinking gum the Germans call the Devills dung or by their sapour such as are bitter Medicaments as Colocynthis the lesser Centory sharp as Euphorbium Bartram most acid as the Oil of Sulphur Vitriol a few drops whereof in a due proportion mixed with the syrup violets make it of a red shining colour and somewhat acid of taste and thereby very pleasant to the eyes and palate A certain Court Doctor at his first coming gave this syrup thus altered by Art equally for all diseases with his own hands who deceiving the vulgar with his ostentations called it the secret of secrets Those that are rare and dear as Gems Precious-stones Pearle Balsam Precious Aromatas Amber Musck Civet and such as work an alteration in the body by their calidity or frigidity in the fourth degree must be prescribed in small quantity Those which by a certain antipathy Qua magna cautela sumenda and speciall potency impaire the principles of life spirit and heat consume the flesh and destroy the integrity of sanity must not be exhibited without extraordinary care and prudence as Vipers flesh against the pestilence or leprosy the reins or rather the flesh of the loines of Stincus to provoke to Venery Cantharides against the retention and obstruction of urine for these Cantharides rightly prepared and mixed with fit Medicaments and administred in a small quantity do move urine without harm but in a great quantity they stay it and impensly calefy the bladder Rondeletius Minerals also and all such as have more efficacious faculties must be taken sparingly such as are more remiss liberally Furthermore those that conduce to the dulcoration correction or deduction of other Medicaments must be mixed alwayes in a small quantity as Cynamon Sanders or Squinant to conciliate suavity of odour or sapour in the Medicament Ginger to the castigation of Agarick Saffron of Opium opening and mciding Medicaments to the dilation of the quality of other Medicaments to the parts to be cured But nothing doth so much dehort from a great quantity of any Medicament as its effrenate prepotent and malign quality which as soon as it is educed into act doth grievously disturb Nature and excites a Troop of symptomes Those which are rare and by their price fit Princes and rich men if necessity require may be prescribed in small quantity CHAP. X. In what quantity Simples must be mixed for composition FEW Compounds are found to confist of many Simples equal in proportion but two or more exceed the quantity of the rest They exceed which are the matters Vicegerents and induce an apt form to the Medicaments as Oil Wax Lithargy in Salves and Unguents or which are most potent in action and constitute the basis in composition as Aloes in many Pills as also such as have but weak faculties in great quantity or are adhibited for the preservation of others as Honey and Sugar in Electuaries and Syrups This rule is chiefly to be observed in the proportion of Medicaments to be compounded that that which brings more utility to the Medicament should be adhibited in greater quantity in composition They which are symbolical whose matter is equally apt to induce the form of the Medicament and which are in their faculties equally averse to the cause and symptome of the part affected should be mixed in equal weight which seems to be observed in the Tetrapharmacal Unguent which consists of equal portions of Wax Rosine Pitch and Bulls fat And also in Justinus his Electuary which by Nic. Mirepsius his description cap. 403. receives an equal portion of thirty Simples all which are thought by a certain propriety to break stones and clear the urinal passage To these is added Honey and Sugar in a different proportion that the Electuary may acquire a convenient form and apt consistency and be fitter for long preservation Some portion of simple Medicaments is measured by number some by weight others by both some in measures some in handfulls others in pugils The quantity of roots are variously measured for their dosis according to their various virtue and efficacy in operation If their faculty
that same which is educed out of many gums The seeds of Line Foenugreek Mallows Quinces Flea-wort and Marsh mallow roots as also their roots macerated in warm water are very mucaginous Figs also Gum Arabick Tragacanthum and Isinglass if they be a whole night infused in water or other liquor and the next day recalefied and strongly expressed through a new cloth or bag will dimit much mucaginous matter Thus the mucage of Bdellium Sugâ—penum Ammoniacum and Galbanum is extracted to make up the confection of the mucilaginous Emplaister To every ounce of water or other liquor they ordinarily impose an ounce of seeds or roots but if the Mucage should be more crass then the quantity of roots or seeds must be augmented if more liquid diminished as one dram of seed to an ounce of water This Muslidge applyed to an inflammation helps much â„ž A Muslidge against inflammation The roots of Marsh mallows â„¥ ss Flea wort seedÊ’ ij â—nfuse them upon hot embers for a day and a half in Night-shade water afterwards strain it and apply it to the part affected This Mucage mitigates the dolour of the eyes caused by heat â„ž Another to the pain of the eyes from a hot cause Quinco kernelsÊ’ iij. infuse them a whole night in the water of Night-shade Water-lillyes and Eye-bright ana â„¥ i. ss in the morning extract the Muslidge and apply it to the part grieved CHAP. XI Of Collyryes IT is not enough that a Medicament be accommodated to an affection onely but it must be fitted to the part affected also for we do not prescribe one Medicament to the ears mouth nose and belly but exhibit a singular Medicament to each as will best fit it The eyes have their peculiar Medicaments called Collyryes which are endued with eximious qualities respecting their affections eximiously such as Galen speaks of libro de oculis libris 4 5. composit medicament loc as also Paulus and Aetius in many places There are two kinds of Collyryes the one dry Collyriorum differentia Collyria ficca called by the Arabians Sicf by the Grecians 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by the Latines Collyria fieca the other humid 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which are by the more recent called Collyries absolutely either because by their liquid form they are better accommodated to application the eyes not tolerating a hard and crass remedy or else because they are made of dry Collyries levigated upon a Marble and dissolved in water or such convenient liquor Some of the humid Collyries are of the consistency of Honey or a soft Unguent Tuthiae praeparatio as Tutia redacted to the form of an Unguent by much ustion and lotion with the juice of Fennel or other convenient liquor Others are altogether liquid and fluxile as all those which are made of the waters of Eye-bright Roses or Plantain with a small quantity of white Trochisks These should be reposed in glass vessels as the more solid in earthen pots And as a multitude of ocular affections are cured by Collyries so a multiplicity of materials go to their confecture as the whole Family of Medicaments whether of Minerals Animals or Plants from which either Powders can be efringed or Waters distilled or Juices extracted or Excrements desumed When you would quicken the sight make an oxydorcical Collyrie of such Medicaments as cure caligation as the galls of Animals the waters of Salendine and Eye-bright or the water of Community which confect thus â„ž Eye bright m. iij. Salendine Fennel Vervine Fumatory A water to quicken the sight ana m. ij Rue Balm ana m. j. Cloves Mace long Pepper ana â„¥ ss macerate them a whole night in equal parts of white Rose-water and white Wine then distill of the water with which wash the eyes This Collyrie will cure the pruriginous scabies of the eye-brows â„ž White wine * * * White For the scabies of the eye-lids Rose water ana â„¥ j. ss Hepatick Aloes finely pâ—lverized Ê’ j. mix them and make thereof a Collyrium This Collyrie will roborate and refrigerate â„ž A cooling and strengthening water for the eyes The water of Plantain and red Roses ana â„¥ ij whites of Eggs â„¥ ss mix them and beat them well together and make thereof a Collyrie This Collyrie applyed to the eyes will asswage their dolour â„ž For the pain of the eyes The waters of Purslain and Plantain ana â„¥ j. ss the mucilidge of Quince seeds made in Night shade water â„¥ j. mingle them fiat Collyrium This Collyrie will most efficaciously desiccate roborate and refrigerate â„ž A water strengthening and drying The water of Mouse-ear white Roses and Plantain ana â„¥ j. Troch alb RhasisÊ’ i. Tutty preparedÊ’ ss fiat Collyrium This Collyrie commonly called Eleiser roborates the eye and hinders the lapse of the fourth membrane or uvea and it is thus confected â„ž Collyrium Elciser Antimony Lapit Hematit anaÊ’ x. Acacia â„¥ ss AloesÊ’ j. let them be finely powdered cum aqua * * * Knotgrass Corrigiolae fiant Trochisci and when occasion calls for them dissolve one of them in white Rose water This other Collyrie which hath its denomination of Lead is endued with a sarcotical and consolidative faculty and is thus made â„ž A Collyrie of Lead Burnt Lead Antimony Tutty washed burnt Brass Gum Araback Traganth ana â„¥ j. Opium â„¥ ss make of these a Powder and with white Rose water form them into Trochisks which dissolve in white Rose water This Collyrie of Lanfrancus so called in whose Works I could never yet finde it is excellent against the French disease and is thus described by the antient Writers â„ž Collyrium Lanfranci White Wine lb j. of the water of Plantain and Roses of each a much as will suffice AuripigmentumÊ’ ij VerdigreaseÊ’ j. Alâ—es Myrrke ana ℈ ij let these be finely powdered and make thereof a Collyrium CHAP. XII Of Virgins milk VIrgins milk is one of those Medicaments which the sedulity of our age hath invented the making of which works no small admiration in the Vulgar whil'st of two unicolourous juices mixed together they educe a third white viscid and lent substance like milk to the spectators eyes Thus many exhibiting a specimen of their ingeny are believed to do miracles while they onely unfold Natures secrets Lac virginale cur dicitur Now it is called Virgins milk partly from its colour whereby it is like milk partly from its consistency and virtues wherein it is eximious even to delete the freckles of the skin which change and adulterate the virgin and genuine colour of the face This topical Medicament is made after many wayes whereof this is the most ordinary Receipt â„ž Litharidge of Gold finely powderedÊ’ iij. white wine vinegar of the best and strongest lb. ss mingle them together stir them with a wooden spatula for three hours afterwards filter the liquor through a brown paper in the form of a funnel
tall Caul vested with a smooth white bark its leafs are broad incided angulous tremulous like tussilage smooth and green above lanuginous and white beneath adhering to a long pedicle The black Poplar doth sooner erect it self on high with a crasse smooth and white Caul a round long hederaccous leaf appended on a long small pedicle it emits long down and a kind of a Cluster whereon some grains like round Pepper adhaere which drawing to maturity fall off before they dehisoe The first buds this tree emits which are the rudiments of future leafs are long and acute full of some fat oleous and resinous matter which is subflave and adheres to the fingers of the Tangents Apothecaries call them oculus populi which excerpe in the beginning of the Spring bruise and recond in a figuline vessel with swines grease till June for the confecture of the poplar Unguent Bees collect a kind of Lachryma of its leafs wherewith they make their propoly The Lybian tremulous or mountain Poplar varies little from the black in superficies but its leafs are harder lesser more profoundly serrated and adherent to a longer pedicle and therefore more obvious to motion by the wind which by their collision make a noise some think this is Ceris but that seems by Theophrastus his description to be the same that we call Judas-tree Black Poplar Gemmes or eyes are onely usurped for Pharmacy Vires and they are calefactive and siccative by the tenuity of their parts inciding and mollifying their Leafs participate of the same faculties but in a more imbecill degree brayed and illited with vinegar they cure the podagrical dolour Whether Poplars lachrymate into the river Padus there making Amber by their coition as Dioscorides and many of his followers believe we shall hereafter determine it SECT V. Of Refrigerative Simples THe best Medicaments do not grow in every Region but some in Hat and others in cold here Corn and there Grapes those Regions which look towards the Meridian and the Aestuous Aspect of thy Heaven do bear Hot Simples But these that are towards the North Cold. And whilest those Physitians that inhabit Forraign Climates c. Asia and Africa do Investigate or find 〈◊〉 the Vertues of their Simples for their healths and safety Let us view our Field of Plants which they want which indeed are endowed with most 〈◊〉 â—ertues How many Simples have we which will not grow in Egypt or China or in any other place under the Pole-antartick Europe besides those Calefactories wherewith it is Luxuriant prâ—dâ—ces many 〈…〉 Amongst which we shall onely handle 〈…〉 are mentioned in the Compositions in our Shop CHAP. I. Of Mandrake I Hitherto thought that all that I heard of Mandrakes were no more then old Wifes fables yet I now find that these figments have been depromed from the writings of some of the ancients who being too credulous have committed to presse what the imperite somniated for some of the Greeks named this root Circea because they Judged it some Philthrum conducing to love-matters Phythagoras called it Anthropomorphon because it in some wise represented mans Trunk and Members and because its roots were frequently geminell resembling two Leggs and two Buttocks in allusion to which name the septentrionall idiome calls it Mandragora Man denoting a man and Draghen in that Language mans form but all these are fabulous and fictitious whereby running circulatours deceive the incautious circumducing a bisidous root whereon they have insculpted a humane shape and discriminated members Of which root they tell admirable and incredible storyes that they may extort money from idiots Some call it the dogs Apple-Tree others the earths Apple-Tree because it bears round luteous Apples like the yolks of hard eggs which are odorate but venenate withall There are two sorrs thereof the one masculine or white which the Greeks call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 some Arsen and others Hypoplomon with great leafes like Bett large and smooth The other faeminine or black which emitts more angust leafes like Lettice but lesser somwhat hirsute and procumbent it beares Apples like the masculine but lesser and lutrously pallescent it hath often two or three roots mutually convolved and intorted which are black without white within carnose long and crasse Mandrake is very impatient of solar heat it fruticates best in umbrous and aprique places whence many learned authours think its derive its nomenclature because it delights in Mandris that is in Caves and Dens In Dioscorides his time the succe of Mandrake was collected which concreted by insolation was of much use now we onely use its Roots and Leafes and them very seldome and onely in such affections as contemne more gentle stupefactives An oyle may be extracted out of its Apples by infusion as we have shewed in our officine which prudently adhibited will take away any dolour and conciliate sleepe Mandrake is seldome assumed at the mouth but some other soporiferous medicament duely castigated which would without danger consopite the senses should be given in its stead to such as would be burned or cutt in any part without sense of dolour for Mandrake is not onely impensely cold Mala insana melongena but also narcoticall and therefore cannot be safely used without great care and prudence for Aetius enumerates it amongst poysons C. 45. Lib. 4 Serm. 1 There is a Plant that hath some cognation with Mandrake which beares Apples of a caeruleous purple colour about the magnitude of an egge which some call insane Apples others Melongena and some love-Apples they grow on a pedall surcle amicted on both sides with leafes like Night-shade from whose middle upwards white flowers emerge whereunto these Apples succeed which are carnose succulent and praegnant with small graines some use them in acetaryes not without danger to their sanity CHAP. II. Of Nightshade THere are many varieties of Nightshade Species the first according to Dioscorides is sative and domestick which Theophrastus reposes amongst Pot-herbs but now it is neither eaten nor sowen but growes and germinates spontaneously against the Gardners will it beares black-berryes Morella whence the french call it Morella the shopmen Solatrum and the Greeks Strychion It is a pedall and racemous Plant with leafes like oxymum but greater black berryes racemously coherent which at first are green after maturity black purpureous and elegant flowers praecede these out of whose middle erupts a luteous and specious tufr It is exceedingly refrigerative and therefore cures the Wild-fire and Head-aches from a hot cause it helpes a hot Stomack its berries are accessary to the unguent of Diapompholigos its stillatious liquor cures the inflammation of the eyes and ardour of other parts and being stupefactive conciliates sleep There is another dormitory Nightshade which is exceedingly soporiferous it is a ramous Plant with hard fruit many large leafes somwhat hirsute and effigiated like them of Quince-Trees its root is red without and whitish when it is dry its flower is large
some factitious Alomes as Catinum which is made of the ashes of Kali and vulgar Soda as squamous Alome which is made of a specular stone pellucid like glasse as Lees-Alome which is made of Wine-Lees burned and albified I think it superfluous to describe the manner of confecting these Alomes since they are now of no use All Alome is of crasse parts Vires bindes much whence it is called Stypterion because it is styptical or astrictive it califies moderately cleanses emends putrid Ulcers dries humid ones absumes excrescent flesh takes away itching cures the scab and accedes usefully to many Medicaments made for Ulcers CHAP. 7. Of Salt AS nothing is more common nothing more frequent so nothing more known then Salt without which Beasts can but we cannot subsist Whereof there are many sorts as Sea-salt Fossile-salt Lake-salt and River-salt Sea-salt is most common and best which is solely used in France Fossile-salt which shop-men call Gemme-salt is broken and effoded out of Mynes like stones it is splendent like Chrystal This cast into the fire doth not crack like the rest but ignifies like Iron There is also Indian-salt which Mesue uses in the confection of Pills of Azure-stone but this being wanting we substitute gemmeous Salt They mistake that think that Mesue means by Indian-salt that Sugar which he calls Tabarzet we White for the Indians have their Salt which they effode from the Mount Oromenus in great lumps in whose stead our gemmeous Salt will serve well as in acuating the slower faculty of Agarick and Polypody Ammoniack or Armeniack-salt being very ingrateful both in sapour and colour and gifted with no eximious faculties is judged incommodious it concretes into broad plates under the Cyranium sands with black veins extrinsecally in colour it comes near Alome we call Schiston as also the Salt we call Alkali and Catinum Dioscorides commends Lake-salt and Phrygian-salt but we preferre our own The flower of Salt which flows upon Nilus is neither seen of nor desired by us it is as it were the Spawn of a certain River as also the broth of Salt and the flower of the spamous Sea in Dioscorides There is another kinde of Salt they call Nitre denoted with a double difference the first is the light Nitre of Dioscorides and the Ancients its colour is roseous or white it gapes with some holes like a spunge it ceases now to be brought to us the other is more vulgar called Salnitre or Saltpeter which ingredes the confection of that powder which is made of many nitrous waters in France for warlike Instruments While it is laboured with much coction it eructates Aphronitrum or spume of Nitre different from that which the Ancients mention which is thought to be native not artificial as also a certain friable lanuginous matter white and saltish which adheres to many walls which is thought to be the flower of Nitre I shall not now speak of the confection of Nitre because it appertains not to Apothecaries The faculties of Salt are great many and very useful to man but not so necessary in Pharmacy as many think who praedicate many wonderful and vain things of Salt educed by Chymical Art for they mordaciously assert that there is a purgative faculty in Medicaments because of Salt and when they have got some extract from any Medicament they averre they have got its Salt However Salt is very conservative it astringes absterges purges discusses represses extenuates and vindicates from putretude yet some Salt is better then other Seeing Brine is its liquor it exhibits the same effects Vires it is mixed with Glysters to excite the expulsive faculty which is flow in such as are infested with the Lethargy and Apoplexy CHAP. 8. Of Bitumen BItumen which the Greeks call Asphaltos is as it were the fatness of the earth swimming above the water which cast upon the shore condensates concretes and becomes hard tenacious and inflammable As long as Bitumen swims on the water it is soft but when it is off it becomes spisse and harder then and resembles dry Pitch yet easily liquescible at the fire Many Lakes are bituminous but especially one in Judaea Sodomeus Lacus thence called Asphalites and The dead Sea because of its vastity and because its water remains almost immovable not stormy but heavy falt crass and foetid wherein neither Plants nor Animals breed neither doth it nourish such as are injected or admit them into its bowels Some enumerate a kinde of Fossile terrene matter Carbo petrae which some call but falsly The Earth Ampelitis others better Stone-coal which seems to be a kinde of Jet of which they make Beads and Images which strangers wear in their Hats amongst solid Bituments All Bitumen is not solid and hard but some there is perpetually liquid and fluid called Naphta which is the colature of Babylonian Bitumen white of colour and most capacious of fire for there is so much cognation betwixt this and fire that it will presently leap into it when near it There is also black Bitumen As the true and native Bitumen of Judaea and Sodome come not to us in whose stead we use Pissaphaltus or factitious Bitumen made of Petreol Pitch and other things so neither the true Naphta in whose stead we assume a certain liquor that falls from the fields near Modena which they call Petreol as if it were Oyl educed out of a Rock for both have the same cansistency colour and vertue But Pissaphaltus is the commixion of Pitch and Bitumen as its name designs which some use for Mumy of which hereafter All Bitumen discusses mollifies glutinates defends from inflammation by obfaction suffumigation or imposition emends the Proptosis and strangulation of the Uterus but our Bitumen is seldome right Naphta extenuates incides digests penetrates absumes frigid and crasse humours in all parts of the body and cures the resolution of the Nerves Palsey and diseases in the arteries from a cold cause Some yet recenseate more bitumens as that furfurous pinguetude which some call Whales-sperm Sperma Caeti quid others White-Amber and many The flower of the Sea for it is collected on the Sea whose fat spume or innatant flower it is Many think it is Dioscorides his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 CHAP. 9. Of Sulphur SUlphur is either native and fossile called Brimstone and Quick-sulphur or factitious the native is naturally generated of a certain fat portion of earth much whereof is in Lipara Melos and such places where the factitious is made the splendent pellucid and not saxous is best whose colour without is subcincritious within subluteous Many Mountains are very sulphureous as Aetna which eructates perpetual flames The factitious is made of some fat Glebes which are effoded out of sulphureous Mynes The manner of its confection I leave to such Rusticks as are exercised therein the green and fat is best Sulphur hath much cognation with fire for if it be cast upon coals it will
it or cure him of it it will also cure a wound inflicted by a Scorpion and so will its own body bruised and applied A Scorpion is a terrestrial Animal with a long and nodous tayl whose end is armed with a long and oblique sting perviated with a small hole through which it effunds its poyson into the part pricked it hath arms and fore-cleyes bisulcated its tayl is alwayes ready for a stroke it never le ts slip an opportunity it strikes obliquely The Masculine Scorpion is maculated on the belly and forecleys and its poyson is more pernicious the Females more milde though some write contrary There are eight kindes of Scorpions the first is white which they say is not lethiferous the second yellowish whose stroke is seconded with vehement ardour and an inextinguishable thirst the third is blackish whose stroke depraves the members of motion and makes men mad causing foolish laughter the fourth is somewhat green it hath seven knots in his tayl perpetual and great cold though in the heat of Summer follows upon its stroke the fifth is pale and livid and infects the percussed with tumours in his groins the sixth is like a little Sea Crab-fish the seventh hath greater Cleys and is very like the Crab we call Pagurus the eighth is of a Honey-colour it hath wings like a Locust and the last knot of its tayl is black Winged Scorpions are very rare with us but frequent and great in India and Aphrica with seven knots in their tayls If we reckon the variety of Scorpions by the variety of their colours some are called flave Scorpions some yellow some cineritious some green some ferrugineous some vinous some white and others fuliginous The smitings of Scorpions are farre more perillous to women then men and especially to Virgins for they are alwayes lethal to such unless they be presently helped and such Scorpions as have seven knots in their tayls are judged most cruel They procreate and sit upon Vernicles like Egges Vires and they produce a progeny which coming to perfection drives them away and thus Scorpions are said to be killed by their young ones But these things respect not Pharmacy and therefore not for my purpose CHAP. 33. Of Worms MAny small Animals are generated of Worms and Worms of many great Animals yea this progeny springs from all altered and putrid matter stones bones wood fruit cheese flesh and all things seem at first to turn into worms for mans own flesh is absumed by worms and his clothes by moths And though cold things much resist putretude yet worms are generated in the coldest snow and some are procreated of salt they are also generated in Animals daily their body abounding with putrid humours for there worms are generated where putretude resides for Corruption is their Mother I saw a worm of a palms length come out with the blood of the vein of ones arm opened They are still generated in the intestines and other parts of mans body and also in Harts heads Every Insect generates a worm except the Butterfly which is procreated of another dissimilar Insect as the Poet Et fio volucris qui modo vermis eram The family of Worms being thus ample I shall onely speak of Earth-worms which are used in Medicine for these washed in white-wine prepared macerated in Oyl and duly elixated in a double vessel afford us an Oyl very conducible in nervous affections They are also assumed at the mouth after due preparation to wit when they are washed dryed levigated and mixed with other Powders to cure Virgins pale colours Many call them the Earths Intestines others Earth-worms others Earth-lumbricks they have a long round body with neither bone eye nor ear They go so that the precedent part draws the consequent in their locomotion They are procreated of the mud of the earth and animated by the same cause that other Insects are They are destitute of eyes ears feet members and are like oblong fibres whose parts are not discriminated save by some knots and denervations a little beyond their middles Spring or Winter-showers if not glacial elicite them they are neither liberally nor copiously generated in the earth much trodden upon but frequently in fat and waste ground Vires These bruised and applied conglutinate prescinded Nerves and fresh wounds CHAP. 34. Of Spanish-Flies or Beetles THese Flyes have onely a nominal affinity with Beetles for they are often used in Medicine Beetles never Galen hath experienced them good against scabs and Leprosies and Physicians finde â—hem to provoke Urine Aristotle calls them Putrid Animals because they are produced â—f putrid matter They are procreated nourished and found in â—any shrubs as the Bramble and in many tall trees as the Ash shose that are found in Corn are versicolorate and have transâ—erse lines in their wings with an oblong body and are very good But they will be more fit for use if they be injected into an earthen vessel whose orifice is covered with a rare linen cloth and turned downwards that by the halite of sharp vinegar they may be exanimated then dryed reposed in wooden boxes glass or earthen vessels and kept for the space of two years They are mixed but in small quantity to Medicaments that provoke Urine by Galens advise who would have them injected whole but the later Writers would have their legs and wings abscinded and abjected When a Noble Matron of Paris was holden with a continual Feaver accompanied with the heat of the Reins and other grievous symptomes and had committed the care of her cure to Mr. Martin a learned and perite Parisian Medick by the perswasion of some she call'd one Rivierius a courtly Medick who feeling her pulse said If she had called him a little sooner he would have applyed a dragm of French flies to the region most affected and have presently restored her to sanity so he left the Matron grieved and her ordinary Medick astonished at his humour manners words and actions who was so far from adhibiting such a company of these flies that he applyed not one and yet restored her to health for this flie being most dry and light it is credible one weighing not above a grain what were it less then carnifice to adhibite sixty of them which weigh but a dragm to the aesture of the Reins But take this obiter not because I am incensed against the man but that I might shew that these flies are very noxious to the Bladder Reins and other parts by inducing inflammations yet very good mixed with other Medicaments in a small quantity CHAP. 35. Of Ants. PHarmacopolies are not destitute of Ants which afford an oyle commended to many received uses for it califies the generative parts being too frigid and reduces them to a better state Ants are the most laborious and officious of insects which exercise their labours not onely on the day but on the night also in full Moon alwayes treading the same pathes bringing
to resartiate strength Vires take away swoundings to help difficult breathers to coct the cough to refresh the tabid to recreate the languisher and to recuperate ones former state CHAP. 2. Electuarium de Gemmis or The Electuary of Gemmes D. Mes ℞ of pellucid Pearlsʒ ij of the fragments of the Saphyr Hyacinth Sardis Granate Smaragdi of eachʒ j. ss of Setwell and Aarons roots Citron Pills Mace Basil-seeds of eachʒ ij red Coral Amber the shavings of Ivory of each ℈ ij both the Beans Cloves Ginger Long-Pepper Spikenard Indian Leaf Saffron Cardamomes of eachʒ j. Troch Diarrhodon Aloes wood of eachʒ v. Cinamon Galangal of eachʒ j. ss the leafs of Gold and Silver of each ℈ ij Moschʒ ss make of these a very fine powder The COMMENTARY This composition is kept either in form of a powder or of an Electuary and that either soft consisting of an equal quantity of powders and of honey of Roses or solid consisting of the same and Sugar of Roses but it is most commodious to keep its powder well occluded in fit vessels for future uses It takes its name from the Gems or precious stones of which it is made with the vulgar and others rare and unknown cordials whose faculties cannot be well learned from the Ancients or Neotericks as appears by the examination we had of Been in whose stead we substitute Enula-Campana's roots both roots being pastinacious cordial and hotter then Bugloss or Borrage which some take for both the Beens the root also of Tormentil may be substituted in stead of each Been But I do not fancy their humours who in composition of this solemn Electuary usurp those exoticall roots designed by the name of the two Beens for either Tormentil alone or Enula alone or an equal quantity of each may be much better assumed for both Beens and if any one would rather have Angelica's root then that of Enula he may The preparation of this powder consists in idoneus triture the Gemmes and Corals must be levigated on a purple stone the roots woods and fruits brayed in a morter and all at length commixed The Electuary of Gems is most efficacious for the cold affections of the brain heart ventricle liver and uterus according to Mesue for it helps the melancholical sad solitary and fearful it cures the palpitation of the heart hinders swounding roborates the languid ventricle and recreates all the intrails but Apothecaries seldome make it because of the rarity and dearness of the simples that ingrede its composition CHAP. 3. Diambra Dom. Mes ℞ of Cinamon supposed Wolfs-bane Cloves Mace Nutmegs Indian leaf Galangal of eachʒ iij. Long Pepper yellow Sanders Aloes wood of eachʒ ij Gingerʒ j. ss both the Cardamomes Spikenard Amber of eachʒ j. Moschʒ ss make of all these a fine powder and so kept for use The COMMENTARY This compound is very aromatical and sweet both because of the Amber from which it is denominated and of the Musk and other Aromata's that ingrede it It is kept either in form of a powder or of a solid Electuary or of Honey if it be required of a hard consistence as that of Tabels its powder must be received into Sugar of Roses perfectly cocted if soft like that of Opiates its powders must be received into the Julep of Roses or Alexandrian Syrupe It s preparation is onely pulveration which must be effected as we have demonstrated in the 9 and 10 Chap. and 2 Book of our Institutions Diambra doth most efficaciously roborate the bowels Vires especially if their imbecillity be from a cold cause for by calefaction it refects the spirits and foments the native heat it helps the affections of the Uterus and is very convenient for old men and women CHAP. 4. Pilvis Diamoschi ℞ of Moschʒ ss the bone of the heart of a Hart pellucid Pearl shavings of Ivory white and red Coral white and yellow Sanders Aloes wood Cinamon Mace and Cloves of eachʒ j. Rose-leaves Water-Lillies of eachʒ j. ss Citron-pill Bugloss-flowers Spikenard of eachʒ ss Camphyr gr ij make of these a fine powder according to Art The COMMENTARY Vulgar Pharmacopolitan Dispensatories abound with many cordial but intensely calefactive Powders and very few refrigeratives consisting onely of all kindes of hot Aromata's promiscuously and confusedly agregated without choyce or care Of which sort the two last descriptions as tradited by the Ancients were and many more which occur in each Antidotary are for Diacyminum Dianisum Diazinziber Diatrium Pipereon Diamargaritum calidum Diamoschum both sweet and amare produce all the same effects having all the same faculties as compounded all of hot Aromata's Wherefore I have not onely castigated but neglected the antique description of Diamoschum and substituted another which well refers the reason of its name and composition conducing to imbecility wrought by a hot cause for it seemed to me superfluous to retain the ancient description of Diamoschum when Diambra and the Electuary of Gems pollicitate the same effects Therefore I have exhibited another most fragrant Diamoschum very efficacious in curing hot distempers and easily preparable Sweet Diamoschum Vires consisting of many Cordials exhilarates the noble parts especially the heart and vital faculties made languid or imbecile from any but mainly a hot cause It conduces also to many affections of the Uterus CHAP. 5. Pulvis Electuarii Triasantali or The species for the Electuary of the three Sanders ℞ of the three Sanders Rose-leaves Fleabit-seed of eachʒ ij Rhabarb shavings of Ivory Juyce of Liquorice Purslain-seed of eachʒ j. ss Starch Gumme Thraganth Arabick the four greater cool seeds Endive seed of eachʒ j. Camphyr ℈ ss make of these according to Art a Powder The COMMENTARY Amongst twenty descriptions of this composition I have not found two alike for some in stead of Zuccaria put Hemlock-seed as Joubertus others the seeds of Psyllium as Foefius others omit both as Cordus others will have Sugar-candy and others Violets as Euchsius There is the same diffidence about Rhabarb Amylum and Camphyr which some reject others adde I have with the consent also of learned Authors described this form and added Psyllium as very convenient but I have expunged Amylum as unapt for its viscidity obstructs Camphyr I admit that by its tenuity it may introduce the crasser Medicaments but I have detracted from its quantity lest by its graveolence it should obtund or deleate the suavity of the Aromata's which are but few I also allow of Tragacanthum and Arabick which should be alittle assated before commixtion that they may depose their viscidity and become more convenient for the Authors intention who whatever he was aimed this Medicament partly to roborate and partly to resolve obstructions It s preparation is like the former's depending on due triture It mirificously conduces to the freeing the liver from obstructions Vires it helps such as have the jaundies or are tabid or troubled with immoderate heat in their bowels it allayes
each â„¥ j. andÊ’ ij Olibanum â„¥ j. Ê’ j. Opoponax Mastick long Birthwort Verdigrease of each â„¥ j. Lithargie of Gold common Oyl of each lb ss new Wax lb ss mingle them to a Plaister The COMMENTARY Whilst I reade or hear these specious Names I cannot but think of the eximious Remedies of the Alchymists who seeing their Elixir-vitae grow thread-bare called it The Angelical Potion but the name is tolerable where the faculties are responsible as in this Emplaister which being very efficacious though not Divine we shall by authority call Divine You may thus confect it Agitate move and stir well-pulverated Lithargie for twelve hours space with Oyl and alwayes moving it coct it to the crassitude of Honey then cut the wax in pieces mix it with the Oyl and melt it in the mean time macerate dissolve and strain the Gummes in Vinegar or tenuious white-wine and coct them till the aqueous humidity be discussed and evaporated then mix Turpentine therewith and inject and incorporate them all with the Lithargie united with Oyl and Wax to all these adde the Powders of Myrrhe Mastick Frankincense Aristolochy and the Magnet brayed apart then mix Verdigrease brayed but not cocted too long lest it make the Salve red These well united and commixed will be a Salve of a due spissitude Some in stead of the Powder of Amyentis take the Powder of sweet Amentum that is the fat of Glass but it is better confected with the Magnet It mollifies the parts whereunto it is adhibited it allayes dolours attracts digests and resolves humours CHAP. 13. Emplastrum de Cerusa or The Plaister of Ceruse â„ž Oyl of Roses lb ij Ceruse lb j. ss white Wax â„¥ iiij boyl them together and make them into a Plaister The COMMENTARY The Author indeed of this Emplaister is uncertain but the description dosis of its simples and the manner of its preparation are farre more uncertain for some confect it in form of an Unguent as Praepositus others in form of an Emplaister to whose composition some assume Lithargie Amylum and the Whites of Egges as Paulus and Myrepsus others make it of Wax Ceruse and Oyl Some again assume twice as much Oyl as Ceruse others a like quantity of both Some take more Wax others more Oyl The description we give is most usual the confection we teach is most easie and the composition we approve of most efficacious wherein we rather assume two pounds of Oyl of Roses and Omphacinum then of common Oyl a pound and an half of Ceruse and onely four ounces of Wax Now before Ceruse ingrede the confection it should be often washed in common or Rose-water then agitated in a Marble-Morter with a ligneous Pestel then it should reside and when it is setled the water be effused and more again affunded with which it must be agitated which must be iterated till the water appear pure and limpid which then may be ejected and Trochisks formed out of the remaining white Ceruse which must be dryed in the Sun and reposed for use whereof the described quantity must be taken and levigated very small for the confection of this Salve But after levigation it must be first cocted in the radiant Sun over a slow fire and agitated continually with a spatle then must the wax be melted and stirred with it that all may acquire a due spissitude It is of much use not onely in drying cutaneous vices and superficial Exulcerations but also in coagulating greater Ulcers allaying Inflammations and curing Clefts and Kins it also heals burnings CHAP. 14. Emplastrum pro Stomacho or A Plaister for the stomach â„ž of Wormwood Mint Marjoram Roses Pomegranate-flowers Cypress-Nuts of eachÊ’ iij. Ginger Nutmegs Cloves the seeds of Dill and Carret of eachÊ’ ij Benzoin Storax of each â„¥ ss Oyl of Mastick and Quinces of each â„¥ iij. yellow Wax lb ss make it into a Plaister The COMMENTARY What Medicaments soever are extrinsecally imposed upon the stomach they are too licentiously called by Asclepiades and Andromachus Malagms Galen calls them better Stomachicals because they roborate the stomach as those they call Splenicals do the Spleen for they mutuate their names from the places whereunto they agree most not from such as they may by consequence profit whence they are well called Stomachical Emplaisters which roborate the stomach and resarciate its imbeciler faculties as also many Simples which recreate it by calefaction and from a certain affinity respect its help of which we have selected some and concinnated this Emplaister for we do not approve of that Chaos of Simples whereof vulgar Stomachicals are confected wherein the Pharmacopoean Apothecary undergoes much of labour cost and unnecessary burthen This Emplaister then shall consist of fewer but more Eustomachical Ingredients for whose confection first melt and agitate the Wax with Oyl then mix together brayed Storax and Benzoin and then the rest duly levigated moving and subacting all into a legitimate crassitude CHAP. 15. Emplaistrum de Mastiche or The Plaister of Mastick â„ž of Mastick â„¥ iij. Bole-armeniack washed in black Wine â„¥ j. ss RosesÊ’ vj. shavings of Ivory Red Coral of each â„¥ ss Turpentine â„¥ ij yellow Wax lb ss Oyl of Myrtle-berries â„¥ iij. or as much as suffices to make it into a Plaister The COMMENTARY This Emplastick is also Stomachical but not so hot as the former for seeing all imbecility of stomach arises not from cold causes as subsersion which frequently happens without a cold distemper and proneness to vomit which follows upon any distemper without vicious humours it is not equal that its roborative Medicament should be alwayes hot but Reason commands that it should be varied and changed according to the variety of the peccant cause for it is impossible to finde out a Medicament that is best for all affections but it will more efficaciously help one and another more imbecilely and it often falls out that a hot Emplaister may profit the stomach and offend the hot Liver Hence the Proverb Stomachicum juvat occidit Hepaticum This Emplaister then may safely be adhibited to the hotter imbecile Ventricle For whose preparation all must be pulverated and brayed apart then the wax must be melted with the Oyl and the Turpentine added when it is substracted from the fire then must Bole Ivory Roses and Coral after just levigation be commixed therewith then must all be accurately subacted with the Mastick into a just crassitude It roborates the whole Ventricle contemperates its heat cohibits supinity and subversion stayes vomiting and removes imbecility CHAP. 16. Emplastrum pro Matrice or A Plaister for the Fits of the Mother D. Praep. â„ž of Bistort-roots lb ss Aloes-wood sweet-smelling Sanders Nutmegs Berberries Rose-seeds of each â„¥ ss Cinamon Cloves Squinant Camomile-flowers of eachÊ’ ij Frankincense Mastick Aliptae Moschatae Galliae Moschatae red Storax of eachÊ’ ss Mosch gr v. yellow WaxÊ’ ix Turpentine â„¥ iij. Ladanum lb ij Ship-pitch lb j. ss Oyl of the Musk-wood Crowfoot â„¥ ij
chusing of simples according to time and season Electuary a soft form of medicine made sometimes purging sometimes not Elephantiasis a kind of white scals or leprosie over the whole body of the patient making it like the side of an elephant Elevation is when subtil things are forced from those which are thick Elicite make choice of Elixar a quintessense or medicinal liquor refined by distillation to the highest purity and exalted to its utmost degree of vertue Elixation gentle boyling by a moderate heat Elution the preparation of common Bole by pulverization calcination lotion c. as Talcum Crocus martis Terra-lemnia Emanates proceeds from Embrocated moistened sprinckled wash'd or bathed Emends cures or takes away Emetos or Emesia vomiting a depraved motion of the stomach Emetica vomiting Medicines Emphrastica medicines that clog up the pores of the skin by their clamminess Empirick a Mountebank or Quacksalver that administreth Physick without any regard to rule or art Emollient softening or dissolving oyntments Emollition a softening by steeping Emollient herbs are four mallows marsh-mallows black violet and bears breech Empasms medicinal pouders used to allay inflamations and to scarifie the extremity of the skin Emplasters are a Composition of several Simples for several diseases according to the Physitians discretion Emplaistick medicines all such kind of food which is of a clammy glutinous substance Empneumasis Windiness in the stomach Emprostotonos A kind of Cramp Empyema corruption or quittour lying between the Breast and Lungs after a plurisie Empyici are such as have an imposthume or bladder broken in the side of the Lungs Emulgent veins those passages whereby the wheyish excrements of the bloud is conveyed through the kidneys into the bladder Emulsions the steeping or dissolution by steeping of any seeds or kernels in liquor till it come to the thickness of a jelly Emunctories certain passages whereby nature clenseth the body from many hurtful peccant humors which are certain kernels in the groins and under the arms where risings most commonly happen in pestilential and venemous diseases Enecated killed Eneorema the clouds that hang in distilled waters or in urins especially when the Disease is breaking away Energetical very forcible and strong Enchanthis an immoderate encrease and swelling of the caruncle or little flesh in the corner of the eye coming from the abundance of bloud in that part Encomium praise commendation Entrals the bowels Euntiates signifies Ephemera febris a light Fever that lasts but one day Ephractica medicines opening the pores of the skin Epicrasis a leasurely evacuacuation of evil humors Epidemical diseases are such as are universally spread over a whole Nation or Country such are the plague small pox fluxes sweating sicknesse c. Epidemia the plague Epiglottis is a gristle and a cover of the cleft of the Larynx made to fall upon it when we swallow that nothing should slip into the weason Epilepsia the falling sickness which is a convulsion of the whole body not continually but by fits with an hinderance both of the mind and senses Epiphora involuntary weeping Epispastick blistering plaisters or any other strong drawing plaister they are also called vesicatories Epithems bags of dried herbs pouders or spices sometimes moistened with rose-water wine or vinegar sometimes applied dry to the region of the stomach heart liver spleen or brain Epuloticks pouders or other medicines that dry up ulcers and sores Eradicate plucked up by the roots Eraded scraped off or raked away Erector in plain english A lifter up physically the muscle that makes the yard to stand Eroded rusted canker'd or eaten asunder Erumnies griefs miseries Errhins sneezing medicines to be snuft up into the head to purge the brain Erugates Takes away wrinckles Eruption a breaking or bursting out Erysipelas chollerick humors or swellings Escheoticks potential cauteries see Cauteries Esculents whatever things may be eaten Essences or chymical extracts being the most refined and spiritual part of any matter or substance Essential accidents of a Disease without which they could not be said to be as heat in a Fever leanness in a Consumption c. Eviscerate to unbowel or draw out the bowels Euphorpium a gum or tear of a strange Plant growing on the mount Atlas in Libia its yellow clear and brittle it 's good against palsies and shrinking of sinews Exhalation is when the spirit of any matter solid or in pouder is lifted up through heat and vanisheth into the air Evacuation purging or discharging the body of what is dangerous or superfluous Evaporation consumption by steem caused by a gentle heat in evaporations of liquors the flatter broader your vessel is that holds your liquor the sooner will the Operation be effected Eventilated fanned cooled or clensed by the wind as musty corn is made sweet by casting to and again abroad in the air Euchima good blood or a good habit of body Evocative that calls forth or brings forth any offensive matter or humor Euphony sound pronuntiaon Exacts drives away Exanthemata the small pox are pustules and the measles spots which arise in the top of the skin from the impurity of the corrupt bloud sent thither by force of nature Exaltation a chymical preparation whereby any thing is brought to its highest vertue and purity Exanimate drive out the life Exiccate to make dry or dry up Exasperate provoked to be more painful fell and angry than before Excavated hollow Excite stir up provokes Excrement the dregs or residence of the nourishment of the body voyded by dung sweat and urine Excrementitious that which is mixed with any impure or unnecessary excrementitious humor Excorticated fleyed or pieled Excreta things voided out of the body Exenterated having the bowels plucked out Exestuate destroy the heat of any part Exhalation vapors drawn by the Sun upwards off the face of the earth and waters Exhausted drawn dry spent Exhibited given administred Exhilerate make chearful enlighten revive Exiccation drying Exigent a streight or necessity an eminent peril Exiguity meanness littleness smalness Eximious excellent eminent exceeding admirable great Exonerate disburthen discharge Exotick strange forreign Expetible desirable worthy to be wish'd for or sought after Expel to drive forth Expectorate to help an easie spitting out of flegm Expressed squeezed out Expletes empties Expulsion the driving forth of excrements dung urine sweat or any hurtful humor offending the body Expurged clensed Exquisite perfectly perfect Extension stretching forth Extenuation leanness a consumption Extergeth clenseth Extinct dead or put out like a candle Extraction pulling or drawing out Extranous strange forreign from without Extrinsecal from without Extruct build set up Extrudes drives out Exucce without juyce Exulcerate make sore Exuperant over abounding exceeding F Fabrick the whole composition or frame of the body Fabrication building Factitious counterfeit Faculty of a medicine is a certain cause or quality whereon its properaction or vertue depends as the faculty of Aloes is to purge Faex vini the lees of wine Fames Canina Boulimia dogs appetite