sisturs soonnes confederated with Tricipitinus banyshâ—d for euer out of Roome bothe the soonne and the father and shutte the gatâ—s of the citee against theim And made a lawe that therâ— should neuer after bee any more kynges in Roome but twoo magistrates gouernours whiche should bee named consules And the first coÌ„sull in Roome wer created thesaid Lucius Iunius Brutus shortely after ioyned to Tarquenus Collatinus And of thesame Brutus descended this Brutus here mencioned who with Cassius conspired wrought and executed the death of Iulius Caesar. for chacyng of kynges out Was created first Consull of Roome Caesar for driuyng Consuls out Is now last of all a kyng become WheÌ„ likelyhood appered treason and conspirisie on euery syde to bee wrought against hym Better ones to dye then euer to feare said Iulius Caesar. and warnyng was geuen hym that he should take good heede to hymself he aunswered that better it was ons for all together to dye then to bee in perpetuall care of takyng heede Signifiyng yâ— persone not to liue who liueth in perpetuall feare of death One wer as good bee out of the worlde as to liue in ê‘pâ—tual feare of death When Caesar after that he had made the ☞ The Tigurines a people of Germanie whiche dooen inhabite the fowerâ—h parte of Suycerlande Tigurines crye creake beeyng on his waye towardes a certain citee of people ioyned in league with hym The animosâ—â—ee courage of Iul. Caes. heard that an other sorte of the ‡ The Suyceners are yâ— who le nacion of Suycerlande whiche is called in latine Heluetia and the people Heluetii menne of suche sorte that for money thei will fight thei care not vndeâ— whose banner And subiectes thei are vnto no prince ne dooe any thyng passe on life or death heauen or helle Suyceners wer coÌ„yng against hym in the waye that he had to goo he reculed into a certain place strong and well fensed There all his coÌ„paignie gathered together well sette in araie his horse ✚ Plutarchus in the life of Caesar and Plynius in the .xlii. chapitour of the eight booke dooen write that Iulius Caesar had an horse with feete facioned shaped like a mannes foote and the houâ—e deuided as it wer into .ii. toes euen as a manne hath And that he would not suffre any bodye to siâ—te hym or gette vp on his backe sauyng onely Caesar. A like straunge thyng is afore noted of Buâ—ephalus the horse of Alexander that he had been accustomed to ride on was brought vnto him Wel ê™ Caesar after that I shal haue gotten this victorie not afore I wil occupie this horse in pursuing myne enemies And so euen on foote he sette vpon the Suyceners Caesar now opeÌ„ly dooyng many thynges by plaine might power What Considius a Senatour of Roome saieâ— vnto Caesaâ— dooyng all thynges by force violeÌ„ce in Rome contrarie to all lawes one Considius beeyng a manne veraye ferre striken in age plainly and with a bolde spirite saied vnto hym that yâ— senates wer for this cause onely slacke in meetyng and sittyng in counsaill that thei stood in feare of his billes glieues And when Caesar at these woordes had saied why then dooest not thou for thesame feare kepe thyselfe at home within thy hous Naye as for me saied Considius olde age maketh me out of feare For sens there is but a veraye litle litle tyme of my life behinde there is no cause why I should take any greate care or thought for the matier Iulius Caesar vnto Pomponius a launce knight What Iuliê° Caesar saied to a souldyour makyng vaunte ytâ—he had recâ—iued a wounde in the face for hym makyng muche a dooe of a wounde receiued in the face at the insurreccioÌ„ whiche Sulpitius * This Sulpitius was a Tribune or bourgeoyse for the people in the tyme of Sylla and Marius wheÌ„ Caesar was a veraye younge manne Of whom Plutarchus in the life of Sylla writeth in this manier Therefore Marius tooke vnto hym Sulpitius a Tribune of the people a manne in no poincte behynd whosoeuer was moste flagicious And neuer aske ye the question how he was more vngracious then an other sens he was more mischieuous then his owne self a man of excedyng crueltee and sette a gog with toto muche bothe presumpcion auarice To whatsoeuer deedes dooyng abominacion and all kyndes of mischief had enticed hym he had no regarde he had no consideracion to sell the commenweale of Roome euen in the open strete to menne that had been not many daies afore bondeseruauntes and to denysens hauyng not a foote of laÌ„de of their owne and to tell suche money as was by theim paied vpon tables sette euen in the open mercate place He mainteined three thousande persones that neuer went without swâ—ordes and bucâ—lers he had also of youÌ„g horsemeÌ„ne moste quicke and readie vnto all maner feactes a great power for the garde of his persone And these he named Antisenatum a coumpaignie to matche the Senatours This manne when he had made a lawe that no manne of the degree and ordre of the Senatours might owe aboue twoo thousande drachmes at ones hym self when he was departed this worlde left thirtie huÌ„dred thousand drachmes that he owed of due debte This man beyng sette the people on by Marius when he entended to dooe all thynges with violence and with the sweorde partely enacted many flagicious lawes and especially one whiche made Marius chief capitain of the warre to bee made against Mithridates Wherefore the consuls geuyng commaundemente that the ministryng of lawes should for a tyme ceasse thesame consuls declaryng their myndes vnto the people in the temple of Castor Sulpitius bryngyng in amoÌ„g theim a coumpaignie of feloes in harnesse bothe slewe many persones and also thrust to the herte with a dagger the sonne of Pompeius then coÌ„sull beeyng of age in manier but a veraye childe euen in the myddes of yâ— guilde halle But he was within fewe daies after condemned to death by Sylla and by the trâ—â—son of one of hiâ— owne bondeseruauntes slaine and the seruaunte made a free manne as Sylla had promised and ymmediatly by the commaundement of thesame cast down hedlong froÌ„ a rocke where he broke his necke made against the Senate whiche wounde the saied launce knight made a braggue that he had taken in fightyng for Caesar well saied he neuer looke behynd the again when thou rennest awaye Suche a like thyng dooeth Macrobius father vpon Augustus Caesar Quintilianus ascribeth it to Iulius Caesar. Thesame Caesar when a certain plaintif to aggrauate his harmes to make the moste of theim alleged that the partie accused had striekeÌ„ alltogether at his thighes legges saied Why what shuld he haue dooen thou hauyng a salette on thy hedde a cote of fense on thy bodye He was not ignoraunte for what cause the other feloe was desirous to strieke that parte chiefly but the same thyng disseÌ„bled he
the first daye that he is born into this worlde To a feloe that despised and would not knowe ne looke vpoÌ„ his owne father How Diogenes rebuked one that despised his own father he saied hast thou no shame to despise that persone to whom onely and nomanne els thou art bounde to thanke euen for this veraye pointe that thou setteste so muche by thy peinted sheathe The grace of the saiyng resteth in the collacion or comparyng of twoo contraries For these twoo thynges will in no wise accorde to despise an other and to stand well in ones owne conceipte Hearyng a young striepleyng of a veraye wel fauoured and honest face vsyng vnhonest communicacion art thou not ashamed ê™ he to drawe a sweorde of lead out of a an ieuorie sheathe To drawe a sweorde of lead out of an ieuorie sheath Ieuorie was taken for a precious thyng in olde tyme and muche sette by And the mynde or solle of manne is couered as ye would saye housed or hidden within the tabernacle or skryne of the bodye dooeth in a mannes coÌ„municacion clerely appere euidently shewe itself The mynde dooeth clerely appere iÌ„ ones communicacion When a feloe had in the waye of reproche laied vnto his charge that he was a drynker at commen tauernes How Diogenes auoided a checke geuen to hym for drynkyng in a tauerne So am I shoren at the barbers shoppe too ê™ he again Signifiyng that it is no more dishonestee to drynke then to bee rounded or to bee shauen And as nomanne fyndeth faulte at beeyng shauen in a barbers shoppe because it is a place for that thyng purposely ordeined so it ought not to bee thought a thyng vnhoneste if a bodye drynke in a commen tauerne soâ— that he drynke with measure with reasone To take eâ—cesse of drynke is euerywher abhomynable for to take excesse of drynke in what place soeuer it bee is a thyng shamefull and abhominable To one reprochefully castyng in his nose that he had takeÌ„ a cope or a mantell The aunswer of Diogenes to one obiectyng that he had taken a cope of Philippus of Philippus the kyng he aunswered with a verse of Homere in this maner 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Giftes of honour are not to bee refused VVith yâ— whiche men are by yâ— Goddes endued That Homerus wrote of the beautie and fauour of the bodye The defense of Erasmus for takyng geiftes rewardes of noble menne or of bishoppes whiche is the benefite gifte of god that did Diogenes wrest to a mantel geuen hym by a kyng Thesame verse might euen I myself also ryng in the eares of such persones as dooe by a wrongfull querele obiecte vnto me that I dooe now and then take of noble menne or of bishoppes suche thynges as bee geuen me for to doe me honestee There is not one of theim of whom I haue at any tyme in all my life craued any thyng either by plain woordes or by other meanes but in deede suche thynges as thesame of their owne voluntarie willes mere mocions dooe laye in my lappe I receiue gladly with all my herte not so greately for rewardes to thenrichyng of my purse as for testimonies of their beneuolence fauour towardes me especially sens their habilitees are of more welthie enduemente then to wryng at the abatemente of so small a porcion as cometh to my snapshare In the thirde booke of Homere his Ilias Hector rebukyng his brother Paris emong other woordes of reproche saieth vnto hym in skorne derision after this maner Your harpe and syngyng melodious VVith the other giftes of Venus As your goodly heare and aungels face So amiable and full of grace VVill not you saue ne helpe this is iuste VVhen ye must lye toppleyng in the dust To whiche pointe emong other thynges Pariâ— maketh aunswer after this sorte Thou dooest naught to entwyte me thus And with suche woordes opprobrious To upbraid the giftes amorous Of the glittreyng Goddesse Venus Neither ought a manne in any wise Proudely to refuse orels despise Any giftes of grace and honour VVhiche the Goddes of their mere fauour Conferren after their best likyng And nomanne hath of his owne takyng Diogenes curiously and with earnest diligence teachyng a lesson of refreinyng angre a certain saucy or knappyshe young spryngall as ye would saye to take a prouf and tryall whether the philosophier would in deede shewe perfourme that he taught in woordes spetted euen in the veraye face of hym This thyng Diogenes tooke coldely and wysely The pacyencâ— of Diogenes saiyng In deede I am not angry hitherto but yet by saint Marie I begynne to doubte whether I ought nowe of congruence to bee angry or not He mened that sharpely to punyshe suche a saucy pranke of a lewde boye had been a deede of almes and of charitee Yiyng a certain persone humbly crouchyng knelyng to a woman of eiuill conuersacion of hir bodye forto impetrate that he desired he saied what menest thou wretched creature that thou art It wer muche better for the not to obtein that thou suest for To bee reiected and to haue a naye of a stroumpet To bee reiected of a strouÌ„pet is a more happie thyng then to bee takeÌ„ to fauour is a more happie thyng then to bee taken to grace fauour And yet many one maketh instaunt suite to purchace their owne harme byen thesame full deere To a certain persone hauyng his heare perfumed with sweete oyles Sweete sauoures of the bodye dooe cause a mannes life to stynke Beware syrrha ê™ he leste yâ— sweete smellyng of thy hedde cause thy life to stynke The greke vocables that geuen al the grace to the saiyng ar◠〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 fragraunt odour 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ranke stenche For sweete oyles or powthers in one that should bee a maÌ„ne plainly argueth womanly tendrenesse and nycitee of the life And the fame of euery persone A mannes fame is the chief odour yâ— he smelleth of Contynually to smelle of sweet odours is an eiuill sauour in a manne is as ye would saye the odour that he smelleth of A muche like saiyng hath the poete Martialis Neuole non bene olet qui bene semper olet O Neuolus that manne smelleth ill That smelleth of sweete odours euer still Betwene bondeseruauntes and their maisters beeyng vicious and eiuill persones he auouched to bee none other pointe of difference besydes the names sauyng that the drudges or slaues did seruice vnto their maisters Maisters beeyng vicious persones and voide of grace dooe liue in wurse seruitude then their boundeseruauntes and the maisters vnto naughtie appetites Signifiyng bothe parties to bee bondeseruauntes and yet of bothe the maisters to liue in more miserable state of bondage then the slaues in case the maisters bee vicious persones and eiuill disposed or voide of grace For whoso is led by the direccion of the corrupt mocions or appetites of the mynde
delite you And all these vniuersall sorte of wrytynges as doo comprehend prouerbes sage sentencies and notable saâ—ynges or actes is moste fitte for Princes noble meÌ„ne who for the vrgente causes and busie maters of the commenweale haue not leasure to speÌ„d any greate parte of their life in studie or in readyng of bookes And these wrytynges as thei bee learned with pleasure delite and dooe lightly synke and settle in yâ— mynde so dooe thei contein more good knowelage and learnyng in the deepe botome or secrete priuetee then thei shewe at the first vieu We reade that Augustus Caesar of a custome did cause as many as he could any where geat of suche good lessons to bee exemplified and the copies therof to send into diuers places Also wee see the chief and principall studie of the ioyly auncieÌ„te wyse meÌ„ne of old tyme to haue been that thei might with the lure of pleasaunt delectacion enplante in tendre young wittes thynges worthie expediente to bee knowen to th ende that the vnbroken youngth not yet full rype for the serious preceptes of philosophie might euen with playe dalyyng learne suche thynges as might afterward dooe theim high seruice all daies of their life For this entente purpose thei did as ye would saye spiece and powther Cosmographie Astrologie Musike philosophie aswel naturall as morall with fables and tales preatyly and wittyly feigned But in this booke that I haue now made shall perauenture seeme to bee somethynges that maken nothyng to honeste behaueour but dooe onely cause laughter Neither dooe Iesteme it a thyng worthie blame euer now and theÌ„ with laughter to refreshe the mynde with cures and maters of charge â—n maner tiered so that the matier to laugh at bee pure witte and honeâ—te For suchâ— thynges gladdeth maketh lustie the wittes of young folkes and dooeth passyng good helpe and fertheraunce aswell to the familiar gentlenesse of condicions as also to the pleasauntnesse of counnyng For what thyng better sweetteh the endityng of Marcus Tullius then that he dooeth euer now and then sauce his stile with saiynges of this sorte And I praye you what been the moralles of Plutarchus but aresse hangynges with suche like colours pictured More ouer those saiynges that seme moste fond thynges of all to laugh at by well handleyng become maters of sadnesse For what could bee a more fond thyng to laugh at theÌ„ Diogenes gooyng from place to place with a caÌ„dle in his hande at high noonetid saiyng still that he did seeke a manne But in the meane tyme by laughyng wee learne that he is not by by in all the haste a manne that hath â—he figure and shape of a maÌ„ne whiche imâ—ges also of wood stone haue but to fynd out a maÌ„ne the botome of the herte and mynde must bee found out If the herte and mynde bee guyded by reason and discrecion rather then lead by wilful appetite theÌ„ and els not hast thou found out a maÌ„ne Also what is so worthie to bee laughed at as that Phryne â— stroumpette in Athenes byndyng by promisâ—e and couenaunte that euerie one of the women that satte then in coumpaignie at the table should dooe thesame thyng that she would dooe first diepped her hande twis in the water and putte it to hir forehedde discoueryng by this deuise the peintyng of all the other womennes faces so that all the couÌ„paignie fel into a greate laughter where as she by so dooyng appered a greate deale fairer better fauoured But this laughter teacheth vs the self same thyng whiche Socrates saied in good sadnesse that wee should applye ourselfes to bee in deede of suche sorte as wee would bee accoumpted and estemed lest that when the peintyng is pulled from our visages we haue in the ende shame and reproche in steede of glorie and renoume It geueth vs also a lesson that wee putte not our wholle trust and staigh in thynges externall and transitorie whiche by many dyuerse chaunces are with a trice taken awaye from a manne but wee should acquire and purchace the veraye true rychesse of the mynde and solle on whiche fortune hath no power ne dominacioÌ„ soo highe a poincte of serious philosophie dooeth that fond toye of the saied peuyshe harlotte Phryne teache vs. For this consideracion Lycurgus although in other matiers he brought vp nurtured his countreemeÌ„ne after a veraye streicte facioÌ„ yet honeste myrth and â—estyng he not onely permitted vnto theim but also enioyned commaunded For he ordeined a kynde of exercise whiche he named in greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as wee saie gossopyng to the whiche all the aunciente or aged menne that wer past bearyng any publique funccions and for the respecte of their ympotencie wer discharged of that burden resorted and asseÌ„bleed pleasauntly passyng the tyme with feacte saiynges and honeste bourding but alwayes of suchâ— sorte as might make either to the commendacion and praise of honestee vertue orels to the rebukyng of vice He sette vp also an image vnto the god 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is laughter for that he iudged it to bee a thyng of high vtilitee and profite with sobre myrth to refreashe the lustynesse of the myndes and to make thesame cherfull to honeste trauailles and labours because that in this worlde as the poete Ouidius saieth Quod caret alterna requie durabile non est What thyng resteth not now theÌ„ emong But still trauailleth cannot endure long Cleomenes also of thesame Lacedemon beeyng suche a sore and rigoroâ—s feloe that he would not licence neither rymers nor women that could syng or plaie on instrumentes nor any mynstrelles to bee in the commenweale yet allowed that all thesame countree should striue their bealyes full one with an other in bourdyng or iestyng meete for honeste menne to vse in poynaunte checkyng tauntes For a finall conclusion as often as vacaunte tyme is geuen or the case requireth hilaritee and myrth how muche more decente is it with suche maner saiynges as these been to passe the tyme then to take pleasure of fables voide of honestee voide of learnyng and full of rebaudrie I am of this opinion that young children might muche more to their profecte and benefite bee exercised in the grammer schooles with themes or argumentes to wryte on of this sorte then with matiers to make vpon suche as been commenly vsed whiche themes for the moste parte as thei contein nothyng but litle trifleyng senses voide of all pith or fruite so dooe thei nothyng open the myâ—teries of the Latine toung so that the shoolemaister dooe open and declare the rewles wayes how that whiche is briefly spoken maye bee dilated and sette out more at large and how that that is so fondly spoken that the hearers or readers cannot but laugh at it maye bee turned or applyed to a serious vse and purpose And this one thyng will I saie more In sermones percase it is not conueniente to miengle iestyng saiynges
reader maye gather take suche presidentes of holy and innocent liuyng suche nourture of vncorrupt maners suche lessoÌ„s of myldnes and pacience suche discipline of eschewyng vice and al carnall pleasures suche paterne of bridelyng and refreinyng all sensualitee suche exaumple of coÌ„temnyng worldly gooddes and other vanitees as shall bee to thesame right pleasauÌ„t fruitefull profitable The saiynges of SOCRATES OUt of the mouthe of SOCRATES it came God is to be folowed as nere as we maye the goddes to bee of al the best and moste blissed and that euery manne the nerer that he draweth to the facions and representacioÌ„ of thesame goddes the better he is and the more heauenlyke If ye saye one God as he saied goddes for there is but one God nothyng maye be spoken more Christianelyke It was also a saiyng of his that nothynge ought to bee desired of god in mennes praiers What sorte oure payers ought to be but vndre this fourme with these wourdes suche thynges as bee good for vs wythout any ferther addicion Where as the moste parte of menne dooe aske in their praiers one a wyfe with a good dourie an other asketh ryches this manne honours that manne rewle some long lyfe as it were prescribyng appoynting to God what he shuld dooe But God of hym self before we aske doeth best knowe what is good and expedient for vs and what is not His mynde was that sacrifice should bee dooen to the goddes with as smal charges as myght bee Sacrifice to God ought not to bee ouer sumptuâ—us for that the goddes as thei haue no neede of the gooddes of mortal meÌ„ so thei haue more regarde to the hertes of those that offre sacrifice then to their riches otherwyse forasmuche as commenly the wurste disposed persones haue moste aboundauÌ„ce of worldly gooddes the worlde wer at an eiuil poynte if god wer better pleased with the sacrifice of the naughtie persones theÌ„ of the good And to that ende he vsed greatly to allow this verse that foloeth of the greke poete Eche maÌ„ to his power in any wise 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Unto the goddes to dooe sacrifice This saiyng toucheth vs Christian menne also which dooe bestowe coâ—t and charge out of all measure in adournyng temples and in executyng high feastes â—uneralles where as wee should much better content and please God yf that that is aboue good housbaÌ„dlyke clenlynes we would bestowe in almes vppon our Christian brethreÌ„ beeyng in extreme nede Sembleable measure he taught to â—ee vsed also in receiuyng and intreteinyng of geastes and straungers when thei resorte to vs euer hauyng in his mouthe the verse aboue written Eche man to his power c. WheÌ„ it was told hym by a frende of his that agaynst the receiuyng of certain geastes into his hous he had sclendrely prepaired for theim Sclendre fare is to much for eiuill geastes If thei be honeste menne ê™ he it wylbee enoughe yf not a greate deale to muche One lesson of his was that meÌ„ne should abstein froÌ„ meates whiche might prouoke a manne to eate hauyng no appetite nor beeyng houngrie Uertue temperate diet to bee vsed also froÌ„ that drynke whiche myght tempte a manne to drynke not beeyng thyrstie For meate drynke we ought not to vse but as the the necessite of the bodye requireth Socrates saied Houngre is yâ— best sauce in the worlde for meate the best sauce in the world for meates is to be houÌ„grye Because thesame bothe sweeteth all thynges and also is a thyng of no cost ne charge and by this meanes dyd he for his part euermore eate and drynke with pleasure delite for he dyd neither the one nor the other but wheÌ„ he was houngrye and thirstie Yea and to endure houngre and thirst The â—â—st and appetite must bee refreined he had purposely exercised enured hym self For after swette or greate heate taken in the wrastleyng place wher thei vsed to wrastle and walke for the exercise of theyr bodyes wher as others wold nedes haue drynke by and by in al the hast Socrates would neuer drynke of the firste cuppe And beeyng demaunded wherfore he dyd so that I maye not accustome my selfe ê™ he to foloe my sensuall appetites lustes and desyres In takynge meates and drynkes reason is to bee folâ—ed not the appetite For sometymes though a manne bee thyrstie yet is it a noysome and daungerous thyng to drynke And in this case wheÌ„ reason aduiseth to forbeare the appetite pricketh to take drynke a manne ought rather to foloe reason He saied that suche as had well broken theim selfes to vertuous liuyng and â—eÌ„perate diete dyd perceiue take of the same Inordinate liuyng is much more peynful theÌ„ vertuous liuyng both muche more pleasure and lesse peines theÌ„ suche as with all high cure and diligence dyd on euery side make prouision to haue all thynges of pleasure The inconueniencies ensuyng of inordinate sensualytee Because the pleasures of inordinate lâ—uers besydes the tormentes of their owne naughtye conscience besides infamie and pouertee dooe brede oftymes euen in the veraye bodye more greefe then delectacion And contrariewise what thynges been moste honest thesame weaxen also moste pleasâ—uÌ„t yf a man haue been accustomed vnto theim He saied that it was a foule shame yf a manne wylfully beeyng as a bonde seruaunt to pleasures of the bodye To bee as a bond seruauÌ„t to the pleasures of the body made himselfe suche an one as no manne would by his good wyll haue to his seruaunt at home in his hous And in suche persons he saied that there was nomaner hope of recouerie excepte that others would praye to the goddes for theÌ„ that for asmuche as thei wer vtterly determyned to bee bond seruauÌ„tes their fortune might be to geaâ— good and honest maisters For his opinion was that no persones dooe liue in a more fylthy or beastely and in a more wreched or miserable state of bondage then suche as bothe in mynde bodye been captiue to naughtee pleasures Socrates beeyng demaunded for what cause he would not beare some publique office in gouernyng the comeÌ„ weale sens that he could singlare good skyll howe to administre thesame To dooe bnÌ„fite to a whole multitude answered that persone to dooe muche better seruice in a cytee whiche dyd make a great nouÌ„bre of menne apte mete to bee rewlers in a comeÌ„ weale then hym that could well gouerne thesame in his owne person onely The selfe same answere dyd Nicolaus Leonicenus make vnto me in the cytee of Farrarâ— Nicolaus Leonicenus a physician in Italie wheÌ„ I saied that I meruailled why hym self dyd not practise Physike of whiche facultee he was a doctour and a publique reader I auayll muche more saieth he in that I teache al the other phisiciaÌ„s WilliaÌ„ warâ—am arche bisshope of Canterbury Nor a muche vnlyke aunswere dyd Wylliam late archebishop of CaÌ„terbury the
about any honest maters wee fynd excuses wee will none of it it standeth clene against our stomakes whereas in maters not woorth a blewe point for I will not saye in thynges vnhonest wee will spare for no cost Thus some persones beeyng inuited and exhorted to falle to the studie of lettres make their excuse that thei bee sickely To take pein or trauaill in honest maters eche man fyndeth excuses that theâ— can not slepe ne take their naturall reste in the nightes that bookes are veray chargeable and yet in the meane tyme thei will playe al the whole night through at dyce thei will with bollyng and drynkyng geat the feure the goute the hydropsie and a pair of blered iyes Diseases of late banquettyng whorehauntyng they will with whoorehauÌ„tyng catche the paulsey or the great pockes otherwise called the frenche pockes An other certain manne coÌ„plainynge that he was euen doggue werie and clene tiered with goyng a long iourney Socrates asked whether his boye hadde been hable enough to keepe foote with hym all the waye he saied yea Went he leere ê™ Socrates orels charged with the charge of any burdeÌ„ he carryed a good preatie packe on his neckeâ— saied the manne And what doeth the boye finde any faute that he is werie ê™ Socrates WheÌ„ the feloe had saied naye art thou not ashamed saied Socrates of suche nicenes that gooyng on the waye emptie voide of any burden thou shouldest bee werie sens that he hauyng caried a fardelle coÌ„plaineth not of werines Nicenes and tendrenes maketh men vnapte to labour Socrates declared the seruaunt in this behalfe to bee in muche better case then the maister that for asmuche as he was better eâ—ured with labouryng he feeled lesse grefâ— of his laboure It was his coÌ„men guise to tel folkes thesame that in other places is called eatyng or feastyng to bee called in greke emonges the Atheniens 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by the whiche wourde he saied that we wer putte in remembreaunce that meate ought to bee taken with suche measure and sobrietee Repastes measurably to bee taken as neither the bodye nor the mynde might bee ouercharged Alludyng I suppose to this that the Greke woorde 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 souneth in englishe to bee carryed wherof is deriued a nowne 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in englishe a carre Albeit 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is greke also for meate and therunto is added this syllable 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that vpon the bodie might not bee laied a more heauie burden then it wer well hable to awaye withal For this sillable 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in composicion of greke vocables betokeneth a certain facilitee coÌ„modiousnes annexed to the thyng TheÌ„ 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is to bee not ouer full gorged but to bee refreshed with a light repaste suche as the bodie maye easyly and without incommoditee awaye withall taken by translacion of the easie ladynge or burden of a carte He saied that vpon suche children especially The better of birthe that a childe is the better ought his bryngyng vp to bee ought to bee bestowed vertuous educacioÌ„ and good bryngyng vp as wer best of birth and came of the moste honeste parentage For in suche is comenly seen saied he thesame thyng that is seen in horses emong whoÌ„ such as been coltishe or ful of courage and of kyndely towardnes if thei bee broken in season wel taught eueÌ„ while thei bee veray youÌ„g coltes thei growe to bee pure bonie ones and applyable to dooe whatsoeuer a manne wil put theim vnto if otherwise thei weaxe skiâ—tishe past maisteryng and good for no purpose And therefore it chaunceth that in maner all excellente goodly wittes be marred through defaulte of â—kylle in their teachers and bryngers vp Excellente goodly wittes marred by eâ—vil maisters who euen at the first dashe of quicke horses makeÌ„ veray dulle asses because thei caÌ„ no skylle how to maister haulte couraged stomakes suche hertes as will not bee brought vnder ne bee made vilaâ—â—es Many a tyme and ofte did he saye that persone to dooe lyke one without all shame whiche wher as he made hys oxen euery daye fewer fewer yet required in any wise to bee accouÌ„pted a good cowheard but yet a thyng muche more staÌ„dyng against reason if a manne would desire to be reputed a good gouernour in a commeÌ„ weale wheÌ„ he dayly diminisheth the noumbre of his people These woordes he spake aferre of against Critias Charicles Critias and Charicles were twoo of the thirtie tyrannes in Athenes which had put to death many of the cytizens neither was thesame vnknoweÌ„ vnto theim For Critias manaced thretened hym that onelesse he chaumbreed his touÌ„gue in season ther should ere loÌ„g bee one oxe the fewer for hym And what he thretened in woordes he perfourmed in dede For by the meanes of Critias was Socrates put to death He had chosen out of the olde autours certain verses whiche he vsed veraye often tymes for prouerbes emong whiche this verse of Hesiodus was one 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Idlenes euermore worthie blame No kynde of laboure is a thyng of shame But idlenes euermore worthie blame By this verse he did counsail young folkes not onely from idlenes but also from all vnprofitable or vnâ—ruyteful accions Unfruitefull dooynges bee as eiuill as idlenes For Socrates rekened theim also in the noumbre of idle persones whiche spent all their tyme in dyâ—yng in reuellyng or banquettynge and in whoorehountyng Also this verse of homere as shewen bothe Gellius and Laertius 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 That is VVhat euer is doen eche where about Aswell within our hous as without By this verse he did not onely call backe suche as would geue eare to hym from buisie medleyng with other meÌ„nes maters To bee ouerfull of medleyng in euery bodyes maters but also from al kyndes of learnyng beeyng not necessarie to bee had as from the exaâ—te knowlage of Astrologie or of geometrie or of natural causes or of thynges supernaturall to the knowlage of moral philosophie What goodnes ensueth of the knowlage of moral philosophie the perfecte intelligence wherof doâ—eth make that we maye throughly knowe our selfes and that we maye gouerne and conueigh aswell our owne priuate maters as also the publyque affaires of the coÌ„men weale accordyngly to good purpose To yâ— same purpose serueth this saiyng also whiche is fathered on Socrates and is of great autoritee what is aboue our reache we haue naught to do withall Whatso is aboue our reache we haue naught to do withall For thus was he woonte to aunswere menne woondreyng why he would euermore bee reasonyng of maners and of good behaueour but neuer of the sterres nor of thynges gendred aboue in the aier or of any * Suche naturall effectes as bee dooen nigh vnto the sterres or as ye would saye aboue the reache of maÌ„nes familiare knowlage are called in greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉
thynges he thought beâ—ter for hym to marrye a wife or not to marrye To marrye or not to marrye both iues bryng repentaunce whether of bothe thou dooe saied he it will turne the to sorowe Signifiyng aswell to liue out of wedlocke as to liue in matrimonie to haue disquietynges vexacions aÌ„nexed vnto it the whiche vexacions vtterly to endure it was necessarie to prepare thâ— mynd afore To liuing a single lif is annexed solitarynes or lacke of coumpaignie The in commoditees of liuyng out of wedlocke lacke of issue vtter decaiyng and wearyng out of the name a straunger to enherite your gooddes possessions after your deceasse With matrimonie coÌ„meth â—arefulnes without ende The in commoditees of liuyng in matrimonie coÌ„tynuall querelyng and complaynyng to bee cast in the teethe and to haue dayly in your dishe the dourie that your wif brought with hir the soure browbendyng of your wiffes kinsfolkes the tatteleyng toungue of your wiffes moother lyers in a wayte to make the cuckolde the doutbful ende or prouf and vncertaintee what your children shall come to with other incommoditees and displeasures innumerable And therefore in this case there is noo suche choosyng as is betwene good and eiuil but suche as is betwene lighter and more greuous incommoditees One of his frendes complaynyng and findyng faulte that in Athenes the prices of all thynges was veray high for wyne that was called Chium should stand a manne in xx s. an hogeshed Vinum ChiuÌ„ of the Isle Chios where it was made purple silke or crymasyn Hemina was the half measure of Sextarius whiche Sextarius was the sixth part of agaloÌ„ so thaâ— Sextarius was lesse theÌ„ our quart and Hemina lesse then our pynte at lestwise if the galoÌ„ measur emoÌ„g the Atheniense in olde tyme wer equall with the galon measure that we vse now woold cost after the rate of three poundes the yeard a pynt of honey xx d He toke him by the hande lede hym into his boultyng house saiyng of this maye ye haue a pynte for an half penie therfore is corne nothyng deere but cheape ynough FroÌ„ thens ledyng hym to his storehous of oliues of this saieth he ye maye haue a quarte for twoo brasse pens And therfore not all thynges in the citee bee deerely sold. He that is contented with a litle Where none excesse is vsed al thynges are good cheape and satisfied with thynges necessarie is as good as a clarke of the mercate to make al thynges good cheape for his own vse and occupiyng Archelaus kyng that had called Socrates to his seruice Archelaus kyng of Macedonie promisyng vnto him many gaye thynges Socrates made aunswere Socrates refused to take giftes whiche he was not hable to recoÌ„pense that he would not come to hym of whom he should receiue any benefites seÌ„s that he was not hable to gyue hym as good again This saiyng dooeth Seneca improue Seneca was a greate maÌ„ne in Roome a noble philosophier schoole maister vnto the Emperour Nero by whom he was putte to death after that he had writeÌ„ many excelleÌ„t goodly bokes of moral philosophie for that a philosophier saieth he persuadyng the conteÌ„pte of golde and siluer geueth a greater gifte then if he should geue golde and siluer On a certain tyme when he was come home again from the mercate place he saied emong his frendes I would haue bought a robe if I had had money He craued nothyng but did onely after a maidenly sorte geue a bywoorde of his greate penurie Anon emong the frendes of Socrates was muche high suite of whiche of their giftes Socrates should haue this cloke Socrates could lacke nothyng emong hâ—s scolares And ‡ He that geueth a thyng after that it is asked geueth it ouer late yet who so euer gaue it after that woorde spoken as Seneca wryteth gaue it ouer late To a certain persone complaynyng that gooyng into straunge couÌ„trees for learnyng and knowelage Unfruitefull beeyng from home in straunge couÌ„tres had nothyng auailled hym Not without cause ê™ Socrates hath that chaunced vnto the For thou wer in strauÌ„ge places still * That is vsyng the same facioÌ„s which thou diddest at home accouÌ„paignâ—ed with thyself Many folkes thynke prudence to bee gathered by rouyng into ferre countrees wheras Horatius cryeth out saiyng Coelum non animum mutat qui trans mare currit VVho renneth ouer â—ea from place to place Though he chauÌ„ge aier his miÌ„de is as it was The coumpaignie and conuersacion of wise and perfecte good menne A maÌ„ne maye come home from beyond the sea as wyse and as well learned as he went foorth except he seeke to vse the coumpaignie of wise and learned menne bredeth knowelage and experieÌ„ce of the worlde not the mountaines and the seaes When he had caught a good cuffe on the eare of a felowe in the strete ‡ The pacieÌ„ce of Socrates he aunswered nothyng els but that menne had no knowelage at what seasons thei should come abrode with their salettes on their heddes A thyng muche like to this dooeth Laertius father vpon Diogenes He saied that he woondreed where the cunnyng makers of images in stone or metalle did with all their possible studie and diligeÌ„ce the vttermust of their power that a stone might bee in figure and shape eueÌ„ veraye like vnto a liuely creature that thei did not sembleably prouide that theim selfes might not bothe appere and also bee in veray deede like vnto stones insensate In deede some writers there bee of this opinion that Socrates before he diuerted to spende his tyme in philosophie was a werker of imagerie in stone Socrates a maker of stone images afore he went to the studie of philosophie And that is the cause why he dooeth make the moost parte of all his similitudes by images of Maceons werke He exhorted young spryngalles euer now then earnestly to vewe and behold theimselfes in a glasse Young folkes to vewe theim selfes in a glasse to the ende that if thei wer beautifull and of good feacture of bodye thei should beware to commytte nothyng vncomely for thesame if otherwise that the defaultes of the bodie might with exercise or furniture of the witte with honestee of maners behaueor be redubbed The defaultes of the bodye must with honestee of maners bee redubbed So duely did that gaye manne of al maner thynges proÌ„ptely take occasioÌ„ to auise and exhorte al persones to the earnesâ— appliyng of vertue He had sodainly called twoo or three welthie riche menne to supper with him and his wife Xantippe takyng great care for the mater because the prouision was veraye scleÌ„dre Xantippe was Socrates his wif yâ— curstest queÌ„ne that euer wetted cloute Take no discouÌ„forte saied he for if thei be menne of an housbaÌ„dlyke or thriuyng sorte Honest geastes taken all maner fare in good parte The fourthe apothegmata afore of Socrates this
wille and pleasure thei dooe and beraye easyly bryng to effecte secoundaryly that thei feele wante of nothyng yearthly and all this dooeth philosophie more substancyally more assuredly perfourme to a manne then dooeth any empier vnto kynges Albeeit to bee Alexander To bee Alexander AlexaÌ„der thought to bee more then to bee a kyng Alexander deemed in his opinion to bee a somewhat higher and greater poynte then to bee a kyng He auouched yâ— suche folkes as wanted their hearyng or lacked their sight ought not for that respecte to bee called feble maymed persones What folkes Diogenes thought worthie to bee called feble and maymed persones but suche as had no scryp hangyng by their syde He dalyed with the affinitee or likenesse of twoo greeke vocables the one 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and the other 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 For 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of the grecians is called a maymed persone a creple or one that hath lost the vse of some membre or lymme of his bodye and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 he that is without a scryppe suche as the poore that asken almes froÌ„ doore to doore haue hangyng by their syde Notifiyng in myne opinioÌ„ A man voide of phylosophie is ferre vnmete for al good occupacions a manne to be ferre vnmeete for all good occupacions to beâ— dooen in this life that is voide of philosophie The Cynikes had no prouision of vitailles but in their scryppe For the scryppe was for al prouisioÌ„ and store of vitailles that the Cynikes hadâ— Hauyng on a tyme entreed a place wher a couÌ„paignie of young ruffleers wer banquettyng makyng good chere with his polle shoren pate he was not onely nothyng courteously welcomed and entreteined but also sent awaye with as many strypes of whyppyng and scourgeyng as his backe could beare on which persones in this wyse he auenged hymself The names of the youÌ„gmenne by whom he had been scourged How Diogenes auenged hymselfeâ— on certain youÌ„gmenne that had whipped and scourged him he regestred in a piece of paper and so walked vp down with his cope wyde open The markes or scrattes of the stripes declared as plainly as if he had spoken it with his touÌ„gue how he had been handleed and the white paper vttreed theim that had dooen the dede By this meanes he publyshed the vngeÌ„tle youÌ„g feloes to bee chidden and rahated of all the worlde Because he was a Cynike he was called doggue and this kynde or secte of liuyng was of many persones highly praised Uertue is preased of many but no maÌ„ne will foloe it but yet no maÌ„ne would foloe thesame Wherupon he vsed ofte tymes to saye that he was the hounde of many that praised hym but yet that neuer a one of his praisers had the herte to goo on huntyng with the hounde that was so muche praised A certain feloe makyng vaunte and boste of hymself and saiyng I wynne euer the victorie of menne in the games called ☞ Pythia wer games playes yerely celebrated holden in the honour of Apollo for Python was a great serpent by the coÌ„mauÌ„demente and becke of Iuno as the poetes dooe fable sette vpon Apollo to deâ—â—râ—ye hym when he was an infaunte but Apollo euen in his tendre infancie with his bowe and aroes slewe the serpente Python and therof was suâ—named Pythius and therof cometh Pythia Of these games is â—fore mencioned Pythia No it is I ê™ Diogenes that wynne the victorie of menne and thou of slaues Ones again he dalyed with the affinitee and likenesse of the greke woordes that is betwene 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 menne and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 bonde slaues And bondeslaues did he cal whatsoeuer persones wer as subiecte and geuen vnto sensuall lustes and desires And these cupiditees by philosophie to ouercome is a more honest and ioyly thyng then in the games called Pythia to ouercome menne To a certain persone auisyng hym that beeyng now a manne strikeÌ„ in age he should repose hymself and rest from labours what ê™ he if I wer rennyng in a race whether wer it conuenient beeyng now approched nigh to the gole and to the ende of the race to slacke my course and pace of rennyng orels rather to streigne and enforce thesame His iudgement was right and true that the studie of vertue is so muche the more earnestly to bee pursued as the lesse tyme to liue dooeth remain The lesse time that a manne hath to liue the more earnestly is the studie of vertue to bee proceded in in consideracioÌ„ that it wer a foule shame in a maÌ„nes later dayes to be discoÌ„forted or to haue a cold herte in ê“secutyng an honest trade Beeyng on a tyme inuited bidden to supper he saied plainly that he would not come And to the partie demaundyng the cause why he aunswered Because I had not my thaÌ„kes yesterdaye for my comyng thyther The moste parte of menne requireth to haue thankes A philosophier deserueth high thaÌ„kes that beeynge desired he wil vouchesalue to bee a geast at an other mannes table as it were for some great benefite if thei haue had a bodye at dyner or supper with theim But Diogenes although beeyng a poore manne demed great thaÌ„kes to bee duely owyng vnto hym that he would vouchsalue not refuse to make one at a mannes table for that he came nowhither without bearyng his porcioÌ„ of the shot for his repaste A philosophier wheresoeuer he cometh paieth well for his repast if he talke in philosophie but did with coÌ„municacioÌ„ of philosophie muche more dentyly feede the myndes aswell of the partie that made the feast as also of the other geastes then thesame maker of the dyner fedde the body with good viandrie He tooke on a tyme Demosthenes beeyng at that season but a young strepleyng euen with the maner dynyng in a comen tauerne How Diogenes rebuked Demosthenes conueighyng hymselfe preuylye ferther into a tauern when he was fouÌ„d there at dyner in an outer roume and when the same Demosthenes hauyng espyed Diogenes conueighed hymself awaye into an inner roume of the hous so muche the ferther in ê™ he shalt thou bee in the tauerne Signifiyng that he was like much the more for that to bee a talkyng stoke to al the geastes in the coumpaignie that not onely he haunted suche a place but also had conueighed hymself priuely out of sight as though he had been found in some mater or deede of myschief For that was a thyng more to bee talked of then that he was makyng good chere there Other writers tellen that this was spoken to a certain youÌ„g maÌ„ne not namyng what he was but thesame might bee eueÌ„ Demosthenes too As for the sense is the more plain and opeÌ„ that wee take or vnderstand The more seâ—â—â—te that a man 〈◊〉 â—an ciuill 〈◊〉 the more vâ—rayly is he in it that the young manne was putte in
Diogenes vsed is a voice indifferente to writyng and to peintyng And therefore vertue sette foorthe in bookes is vertue muche like in maner as if it wer peinted on a cloth or table And in dede against all reason it is in choosyng figgues to bee curious and precise to take none but of the best and in vertue to bee nothyng so To a certain persone in the waye of reproche obiectyng vnto hym that he was a manne banyshed his countree Thou sely creature saied he for this veraye cause did I at the first become a philosophier Either forthat banyshemente had enforced and driuen Diogenes to entre the studie of philosophie Why Diogenes first became to bee a philosophier orels because he had purposely learned philosophie to the ende that he might bee hable with a paciente contentefull mynde to endure banyshemente and other sembleable chaunces Unto an other feloe saiyng to hym in despite Naye the Sinopians haue condemned thee with banyshyng the How Diogenes aunswered one the cast in his teeth that the Sinopians had banyshed hym neuer to come more in that countree I theim ê™ he to abyde neuer to come thens Signifiyng hymselfe in that he was biddeÌ„ to goo seeke hym a dwellyng place in an other countree to bee no pointe in wurse state or coÌ„dicioÌ„ theÌ„ those persones which remained stiâ—â— wellyng in their owne couÌ„tree not hable pacieÌ„tly to suffre banyshmeÌ„t if it should chauÌ„ce For egual miserie it is to make abode in a place by enforcemente and compulsion To bee exiled froÌ„ a place by compulsion to abyde in a place by compulsion is eguall miserie to be banyshed or eriled from a place by enforcemente and compulsion A philosophier who in differently taketh euery grounde euery lande vnder the cope of heaueÌ„ whiche so euer it bee for his owne natiue countree A philosophier indifferently reputeth al places vnder the cope of heauen to bee his natiue countree if he bee coÌ„maunded to departe any wheÌ„s by banyâ—hement is a manne exiled out of some one particulare citee or nacioÌ„ onely But he that cannot liue in another place besides his owne countree where he was born and breden is a manne banyshed out of regions almoste innumerable As touchyng Diogenes Why Diogenes was banyshed out of his owne couÌ„tree in deede he was banyshed his countree for countrefeactyng or coynyng of money as menne thynke And born he was a Sinopian This presente historie Plutarchus in yâ— his treactise entitleed of banyshmeÌ„te reporteth in maner fourme here ensuyng The Sinopians haue by their decree banyshed the out of * Pontus and Euxinus are taken all for one And it is parte of the sea from Bosphorus of Thrace vnto yâ— greate Maryce of Scythia called Meotis It is also abrode â— wyde region marchyng rouÌ„d about yâ—â—oostes of thesame sea encoumpacyng many ê“â—incies as Colchos Armenia Cappadocia And in Capâ—docia beyng a deserte and bareÌ„ couÌ„tree stood Sinopa the Citee in whiche Diogenes was born Pontus for euer Yea but I condemne them in this pein ê™ he again that thei remain still enclosed and pend vp within Pontus and the ferthermust strandes of al Euxinus neuer to come out from thens Diogenes had chauÌ„ged his countree but thesame for the better The Sinopians wer more like folkes banyshed or exiled in that thei wer remedilesse appoynted and assigned to coÌ„tynue al their liues in suche an incommodious vnfruitefull baren region as Sinopa Those persones that wer commeÌ„ dooers in prouyng maisteries at the games of Olympia wer called in greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Of which sorte when Diogenes had by chaunce fouÌ„d one kepyng shepe O Moun sire Capitain saied he with howe greate celeritee and speede haue ye conueighed and gotten yourselfe from Olympia to Nemea Nemea is a region of the couÌ„tree of arcadia situate and liyng betwene twoo citees the one Cleone the other Clitorium in thâ— whiche Clitorium as witnesseth Ouidius was a welle or fountain of whiche whosoeuer did drynke could not afterward awaye with drynkyng wyne In the wodde or foreste of this Nemea did Hercules kill the hougie greate lyoÌ„ whose skynne he woore on his backe for his weede And in the honour of the said Hercules did the people of Argoâ— euen there celebrate and keepe solemne games which wer named Nemea of the place in whiche thei wer holden and kept in like maner as is afore saied of Olympia Findyng a mery toye in the affinitee or similitude of yâ— greke vocables For 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in greke are certain games of prouyng maisteries so called of the place where thesame wer celebrated and holden euen as olympia afore mencioned And the greke verbe 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 souneth in latin pasco in englyshe to keepe or feede catalles in the pastures and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is in latin pascuâ— in englyshe pastures or leasues Beeyng asked wherefore the champions or fightyng meÌ„ne called Athletae had no sense ne feelyng Marie ê™ he because thei haue been brought vp altogether with porke and beef and suche other grosse feedyng For that sorte of menne are fedde vp with the grosse kyndes of meates Grosse meates maken yâ— bodye strong but the witte dulle whiche in deede conferren to yâ— bodye hard brawne clene strength but as for the witte it maketh as grosse and dulle as caÌ„ bee thought But to this presente mery saiyng the ambiguitee or doubtefulnesse of the vocable nothyng els gaue place and was occasion of it For as with the grekes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and with the latin meÌ„ sentire so in englyshe to haue a feelyng belongeth aswel to the mynde as to the bodye To haue a feelyng in a matter But the demaunder of the question asked what was the cause wherefore the saied champions lackyng as ye would saie bodyly sense and feelyng were neuer offended ne greued with strypes or strokes And Diogenes had more phansy to note the brutyshe grossenesse and dumpyng of the mynde For wee saie commenly in englyshe that wee feele a mannes mynde when wee vnderstand his entent or menyng and contrarie wyse when thesame is to vs veraye derke and harde to bee perceiued wee dooe commenly vse to saie I cannot feele his mynde or I haue nomaner feelyng in the matter c. He vsed now and then to resorte to ymages of stone or brasse or other metalle sette vp in the honour of this or that Godde and to aske one or other boune of theim And to suche persones as made greate wooÌ„dreyng wherfore he so did that I maye enure myself Use assuageth greefes ê™ he not to bee moued ne to take in eiuill parte if at any tyme I dooe not obtein my requestes peticions that I aske of menne After that Diogenes by extreme pouertee coarcted and driuen ther unto had begoonne to begge for his liuyng his accustomed guyse was after this fourme to falle in hande with menne for their almes
from peril of death yet he tooke heauily that the deformitee disfigure of hymping on the one legge whiche had come to hym by the saied wounde did stil remain To whoÌ„ Alexander saied How Alexander couÌ„forted Philippus takyng thought for that he shuld halte al dayes of his life sir take no discoumforte to shewe yourselfe abrode but euer when ye sette foorth your foote to goo haue mynde on your valiauÌ„t manhood And prowesse that ye shewed when ye receiued this wounde This saiyng is ascribed to others mo besides Alexander If at any tyme either in familiare communicacion orels at the table there had come in place any contencion about the verses of Homere one saiyng this verse to bee best an other that verse Alexander would euermore allow praise this verse here ensuyng What verse Alexander allowed best of all the verses of Homere aboue all the other verses in the booke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 That is Bothe a good capitain to guyde an armie And with speare shielde valiaunte hardie He would moreouer saie that Homere did in this verse bothe make honourable reporte of the manhood and prouesse of Agamemnon Alâ—â—â—nder auouched that Homere iÌ„ collaâ—dyng Agamemnon prophecied of hym and also prophecie of thesame to come in Alexander At what tyme Alexander hauyng passed ouer Hellespontus HellespoÌ„tus the narrowe sea betâ—eene Grece Asia went to see Troie reuoluyng castyng in his mynde the actes of aunciente princes of renoume a certain persone promised to geue hym the harpe of Paris Alexanâ—â—r hauynâ— the harpe of Achilles cared not for the harpe of Paris if he had any mynde to it No no ê™ Alexander quickely again I haue no neede at all of the harpe of Paris forasmuche as I haue allreadie the harpe of Achilles Paris the sooÌ„ne of Priamus kynge of Troie of whom is noted afore in yâ— third Apophthegme of Aristâ—ppus Achilles beeyng on his owne partie a knight stoute and actiue vsed euermore on his harpe to plaie songes of the laudes and praises of hardie menne valiaunte whereas Paris with his harpe did nothyng but twang fonde fansies of daliaunce and lasciuiousnesse On a tyme he went to see the womeÌ„ of Darius his court The women of Dariê° his court wer his wife his mother and his twoo doughters takyng Hephaestion with hym And this Hephaestion because he went at that tyme in thesame maner apparell that the kynge did Hephaestion somwhat bigger made taller of personage then Alexander and also was of personage somewhat bigger made theÌ„ he Sygambris the mother of Darius kneled vnto Sygambris the mother of Darius in stede of the kyng And when she had by the noddyng and beckyng of those that stood by well perceiued that she had taken hir marke amysse she was muche dismaied withall and begoonne of freshe to dooe hir duetie vnto Alexander Anon saied Alexander AlexaÌ„der estemed Hephaestion a secoÌ„de Alexander accordyng to the ê“uerbe amiâ—â—cus alter ipse that is twoo freÌ„des are one solle and one body Mother there is no cause why to bee dismaied For this manne too is Alexander Dooyng to weete that his frende was a secounde Alexander When he was come into the temple of Hammon the ministre there How Alexander comynge into yâ— temple of Hammon was saluted by the preste or minister there beeyng an aunciente saige father welcomed hym with these woordes All haill * Plutarchus writeth certain autours to affâ—rme that yâ— minister welcomed hym in greke myndyng tendrely and gentely to salute with thys woorde 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 sonnekyn or litle soonne tripped a litle in his touÌ„gue â— by a wrong pronunciacioÌ„ in stede of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 said 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 whiche beyng diuyded into two woordes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 souneth the soonne of Iupiter my soonne and it is not I that dooe call the by this name but the god Iupiter Then saied Alexander I take it at your haÌ„de o father and wil bee contented fromhensforth to bee called your sonne vpon condicion that ye graunt vnto me the empier domynion of all the whole worlde The preste went into the priue chauncell and as though he had spokeÌ„ with god came forth again and aunswered that Iupiter did by assured promisse make hym a grauÌ„te of his boune that he asked TheÌ„ eftsons saied Alex. Now would I fain know if there bee yet remainyng vnpunyshed any of those persones which killed my father To this the preste thus made aunswer As many as putte their handes to the sleeyng of Philippus haue receiued condigne punyshemente for their offense euery one of theim but as for your father no mortall creature hath power to destroye or to werke displesure vnto by laiyng awayte for hym Signifiyng that he was the soonne of Iupiter AlexaÌ„der made to beleue that he was the sonne of Iupiter not of Philippus aud not of Philippus Wheras Darius had sette his armie royall of a ☞ Plutarchus in yâ— life of Alexander saieth that Dariê° had in his armie siâ—e huÌ„dred thousaÌ„de fightyng men besides those which wer in his nauie on the seaes woondreous great noumbre in a readynesse to fight Alexander was taken with a meruaillous dedde slepe in so muche that beeyng euen in the daye tyme he could not holde vp his hedde nor awake At the last greate perill and daunger beeyng eueÌ„ at hande his gentlemeÌ„ entreyng his bedde chaumbre made hym to awake AlexaÌ„der takeÌ„ with a dedde slepe euen in the daye time wheÌ„ Darius laâ—e in yâ— caÌ„pe râ—adiâ— euâ—â—â—â— hâ—â—re to sette vpon hym 〈◊〉 he said â—heÌ„ he was â—â—akened And when thei saied vnto hym that thei meruailled how he could in that presente state of his affaires bee so quiete and voide of all care as to slepe so soundely Marie ê™ he Darius hath deliuered and quyte discharged me of greate carefulnesse and trouble of mynde in that he hath gathred all his puissaunce together into one place that wee maye euen in one daye trye whether he shall haue the soueraintee orels I. The Corinthians had by ambassadours geuen to Alexander Magnus to enioye the right of all their libertees and franchesse The Corinthians made AlexaÌ„der free 〈◊〉 of 〈…〉 This kynde of pleasure dooyng wheÌ„ Alexander had laughed to skorne one of the ambassadours saied Sir wee neuer yet vnto this daye made any for euer free of oure citee sauyng now your grace and ones afore tyme Hercules This heard Alexander with al his herte accepted the honour vnto hym offreed Whiche honour partely the raritee made vnto hym acceptable and partely that he was therin ioyned with Hercules a knight of moste high praise and renoume At the siege of a certain citee whyle he serched for the weakest places of the walles he was striekeÌ„ with an aroe but yet he would not leaue of his purpose Within a whyle after that the bloodde beeyng staunched the anguyshe of the drye wounde
allegiyng to be spred abrode by the comeÌ„ voice of the people that no smal summe of money had been geuen to hym by the emperour well ê™ Caesar yet be not thou of mynde to beleue it By a pleasaunte woorde of ieste dooing hym to weete that he would none geue hym The other partie looked to haue it come to passe that Cesar woulde saue his honestee left that in case it should come to light and bee openly knowen the saied bruite and communicacion of the people to bee nothyng true he should bee had in derisioÌ„ But Augustus shewed hym another remedie whiche was that he should suffre the people to talke their pleasure and to saie what thei would so that thei persuaded not to hym the thynge that were false An other persone beeyng dismissed and putte from the capitainship of a compaignie of horsemen Howe Augustê° auoided a feloe askynge a pensioÌ„ wheÌ„ he was putte from the capitainship of a compaignie of horsemen was not afeard for al that to require of Agrustus a greate fee too by this colour allegeing himself not to aske suche waiges or pension for any lucre or gaines but saieth he to the ende that I maye appere to haue obteined suche rewarde or recompense by your graces iudgement and so maye bee verayly beleued not to haue been put from myne office against my wil but willyngly to haue resigned geuen it vp well ê™ Augustus saie thou to euery bodye that thou haste receiued it and I will not saie naye If nothynge els moued the crauer but onely the feare of shame reproche a way was shewed by whiche he might aswell saue his honestee emong the people as if he had in deede receiued the money that he asked A certain young manne named Herennius beeyng with many vices corrupted the emperour had commaunded to auoid his campe and armie And when the partie beyng discharged of his roome did with fallyng on his knees and with most lamentable blubbering or weping in this maner beseche themperour not so to putte hym awaye Alas sir with what face shal I retourne into my countree and what shall I saie vnto my father Marie ê™ Augustus saie that I haue loste thy fauour Because the young manne was ashamed to confesse that hymselfe had encurred the disfauour of Cesar Cesar permitted hym to turne the tale in and out and laie the wyte or blame on hymselfe the saied Augustus A certain souldyour of his hauyng been strieken with a stone in a viage on warrefare Howe Augustus did putte to silence a souldyour of vnmeasurably gloriyngs of his actes woundes receiued in battaill and beeyng thereby with a notable scarre of the wounde in his forehed disfygured because he bare the open marke of an honest wounde bosted and craked beyond all measure of the great actes that he had dooen The presumptuous vauÌ„tyng of this souldyer Augustus thus chastised after a gentle sorte well sir ê™ he yet beware that ye looke backe no more in your rennyng awaye Halfe notifiyng that it might full well bee that the wounde whiche he gloried and braggued of so highly he caught not in fightyng manfully but in fleeyng cowardely One Galba hauyng a bodye mis-shapen with a great bunche which bossyng out made him crookebacked in so muche that there went a coÌ„men saiyng on hym the witte of Galba to be lodged in an eiuil dwellyng place where this Galba pleadyng a cause before Augustus euery other whyle saied these woordes emend streighten me Caesar if ye shall see in me any thing woorthie to bee reprehended or disallowed The feacte mery auÌ„swer of Augustus vnto Galba Naye Galba saied Augustus I maye tell the what is amysse but streighten the I can not A thyng is saied in latin corrigi in englyshe to bee emeÌ„ded or streightened that is reproued or disallowed and also that of crooked is made streight WheÌ„ a greate mainy persones arrained at ones at the pursuite accusacion of Seuerus Cassius wer dispetched and ridde in iudgemente euery one of theim and the carpenter with whom Augustus had couenaunted and bargained Augustê° wyshed that Cassius Seuerus had acâ—used his courte hous that he had puâ—te to makyng for then it should haue been rid â— disâ—etched as all those wer whom yâ— said Cassius accused for edifiyng a courte hous where to sitte in iustice delaied hym a long time with coÌ„tynuall lookyng and lookyng when that werke should bee finyshed full gladly would I ê™ Caesar that Cassius had accused my courte * The latin woorde Forum in one significacion is a courte hous or a place where to sitte in iustice suche as is Westmynster halle or the Sterre chaumber or Guilde halle And wee â—eade of three suche courtehouses or Guilde halles in Roomeâ— one that was called forum latiuÌ„ or forum RomanuÌ„ whiche the aunciente Romains vsed at the begynnyng the secounde that was called forum Caesaris dictatoris whiche Iulius Caesar builded and had there standyng his image in harnesse like a Capitain and a knight of puissaunce and the thyrde Augustus erected within the temple of Mars that was called Vltor Mars the auenger house too He found a mater of testyng in a vocable of double significacion For bothe a piece of werke is saied in latin absolui in englyshe to bee despetched or ridde that is finyshed and brought to a perfecte ende also a persone that in a mater of iustice or lawe is quytte and deliuered Bothe a maister carpeÌ„ter riddeth his werke and also a iudge riddeth a persone aunsweryng before hym to the lawe at the barre In olde tyme greate was the obseruauÌ„ce of sepulchres In olde tyme the râ—ligioÌ„ or obseruaunce of sepulchreâ— was greate and that porcion of mennes groundes whiche was especially appoincted for their monumentes or graues was not broken with any ploughe Wherupon when one Vectius beeyng with this poincte of religion no thyng afeard What Augustê° saied wheÌ„ one Uectius brake vp his owne fathers graue with a plouâ—he had eared vp his fathers graue Augustus made a pleasaunte ieste of it saiyng yea marie this is euen in veraye deede to harroe and visite ones fathers monument Yet ones again he dalyed with a worde of double significacioÌ„ For the latin verbe colere in one significacioÌ„ is to honour or to wurship and in an other significacion it is to tille or to housbande as grounde or any other sembleable thyng is housbanded Whiche I translate to harroe or to visite as we saie that Christe harroed helle and visited hell when he descended downe to helle ymmediatly after his passioÌ„ and pourged scoured or clensed the same of suche solles as hym pleased And visityng is in englyshe a kynde of shewyng honour as wee viset sicke folkes priesoners to dooe theim honour and coumforte It had been a double amphibologie at lest wyse for the latin if in stede of monumente he had saied memoriall as I thynke Augustus did saie in deede For vnto
had more phaÌ„sie to â—est An helmet a Iacke or platecote hideth all partes of a manne sauyng the legges Thesame Caesar vnto Metellus with standyng that he might not take any money out of the treasourie or chaumbre of yâ— citee This is touched afore in yâ—â—viii apophâ—hegme and bryngyng foorth lawes forbiddyng the same to bee dooen The tyme of weapen saieth he and of lawes is not all one What Iuliê° Caesar saied vnto Metellê° withstaÌ„dyng that hâ— should not take any money out of the treasourie of Roome That in case thou caÌ„st not bee conteÌ„ted with the matier now for this present gette the out of the waye after that al leages and bondes of peace throughly drieueÌ„ wee shall haue laied down all wepen then if thou shalt so thynk good laie to my charge in the behalf of the people I shall make the aunswer Thesame Caesar would often tymes saie that he had like enteÌ„te mynde of dealyng against his enemies Enemies in battaill are to bee ouercome rather with famyne then with the sweorde as the moste parte of good phisicians haue against the maladies and sores of mennes bodies whiche is rather with hungre then with iron to ouercome theim For the physicians dooe not fall to cuttyng except all other meanes wayes afore proued And this vsage euen at this presente daye still endureth emong the Italians The ItaliaÌ„â— in all diseases dooen enioynâ— abstinence against al kindes of diseases thei doo streightly enioyne abstinence A like thyng vnto this it is Dimitiê° Corbulo would enemies to be ouercomed sokyngly by litle and litle the Domitius Corbulo vsed muche to saie that a mannes enemies in bataill are to bee ouercomed with a carpeÌ„ters squareyng are that is to saie sokyngly one pece after an other A commeÌ„ axe cutteth through at the first choppe a squaryng axe by a litle and a litle werketh thesame effecte It breded areised greate enuie and grutchyng agaist Caesar What thyng was occasion of greaâ—e enuie grutche against Iuliê° Caesar. that one of those persones whom he had sent to Roome standyng in the senate hous as soone as he knewe that the senate would not geue ne graunte vnto Caesar prorogacion that is to saie a longer tyme in his dictature gaue a greate stroke with his hande vpoÌ„ the hiltes of his swerde saied well yet this feloe here shall geue it Thretenyng to the commenweale force and violence Iuliê° Caesar by force violâ—nce oppressed the coÌ„meÌ„weale Sylla hauyng obteined the pretourship manaced Caesar veraye sore What Caes. saied to Sylla thretenyng to vse his power vpoÌ„ him that he would vse his autoritee and power vpon hym yea ê™ Caesar laughyng at it thou dooest of good right call it thy power whiche thou hast bought with thy penie Sylla purchaced the praetourship with greate giftes rewardes Notyng Sylla that thesame had purchaced the said office by geuyng greate giftes and rewardes Marcus Tullius in the thirde booke of that his werke entitleed de officiis that is to saie of honeste behauour or how eche manne ought to vse and to demeane hymselfe writeth that Caesar had euer in his mouthe these greke verses out of the thirde tragedie of Euripides entitleed Phoenissae 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 That is If a manne should nedes dooe wrong It ought to bee onely in this case To make hymself a kyng by hande strong In other thynges leat right haue place When Caesar gooyng towardes the countree of Africa had slipped and gotten a falle in gooyng out of a shippe How Caesar turned an eiuil likelyhode to the better parte the likelyhood of euill chaunce to come he turned to the better parte saiyng I haue the fast in my handes o Afrike Sextus Iuliê° Frontinus a latine autour that writeth fower bokes of stratagemes that is to saie of the sâ—â—ightes and policies of warre Frontinus thynketh that this happened at his takyng of shippe and that he saied I haue the faâ—t o yearth whiche arte my mother Alludyng as I suppose herunto that where he was on a tyme sore troubleed with a certain dreame The dreame of Iul. Caes. in whiche it semed to hym that he had to dooe with his owne mother the reders or southsaiers expouned the empier of all the whole worlde to bee prophecied vnto hym THE SAIYNGES OF POMPEIVS THE GREATE CNeus * Of Pompeâ—us it is afore noted in the viii apophthegme of Augustê° Caesar Pompeius surnamed the greate was with the people of Rome as ferre in fauour as his ‡ Plutarchus in the life of Pompeius writeth that the Romaines neuer shewed against any Capitain or hedde citezen either greater orels more eagre hatered then against Strabo the father of PoÌ„peius For duryng his life tyme thei stood in perpetuall feare of his greate power purchaced and gotten by the sweorde for he was a veraye hardie and valyaunte manne of warre But after that he was ons departed out of this life strieken soâ—dainly to death with a flashe of lightenyng his corps beeyng carryed foorth to bee buiryed the people violently haled the ded bodye from the bere and did vnto it all the moste vilanie that thei could ymagyn The cause why he was so sore hated was estemed to bee his vnsaciable auariâ—e and coueteousnesse father before hym had been in grutche hatered This Pompeius beeyng yet a veraye young manne wedded hymselfe wholly to the faccion of Sylla PoÌ„peius beeyng but a veraye young manne gathered an armie in Italie before that he was eitâ—er any officer of the citee orels a senatour and tooke parte with Sylla And although he wer neither any officer of the citee nor senatour yet he gotte vnto hym out of one place and other of Italie a greate armie And when Sylla had coÌ„maunded thesame to come and ioyne with hym Nay ê™ he I wil neuer present an hoste vnto the high capitaine of Roome without booties or spoyles nor vnfleashed on their enemies Neither did he repair vnto Sylla before that he had in soondrie battrees and encountreynges vanquyshed diuerse capitaines of enemies Euen at the first date shewed he a greate token and lykelyhood of a prince moste woorthie and born to dooe greate thynges It was not his entente to bryng vnto Silla philip and cheiny moo then a good meiny but to bryng hable soudiours of manhood approued and well tryed to his handes And beeyng now created a capitaine Pompeius eueÌ„ at his first begynnyng did the partes both of a valiauÌ„t and of a righteous capitain when he was by Sylla sent into Sicilie he begoonne to dooe the partes not onely of a valiauÌ„te and woorthie capitaine but also of a iuste and righteous capitaine For when he had heard that his soudiours in gooyng foorthward on their viages made by stertes out of their waye and did muche oppression in the countree as thei went and pieled all that euer thei could
fyngre suche persones as he tooke rouyng and trottyng or scuddyng from place to place thei could not tell where about theim selfes he punyshed Pompeius would not his souldyours to dooe any oppressioÌ„ or piâ—lage where thei went and what compaignie hymself had sent afore he empriented on euery one of their sweardes the seall of his ryng that thei shuld dooe no bodie no wrong ne harme by the waye The * The Mamertines a people in Sicilie whose toune waâ— called Messana Mamertines because thei had taken parte and sticked hard with the enemies of Sylla he had appointed to slea euery mothers soonne But Sthenius the lorde of the citee or countree came vnto Pompeius with these wordes Sthenius the lorde of the Mamertines toke parte with Marius against Sylla O Pompeius ye dooe not accordyng to equitee and conscience in that ye goo about for one mannes cause that hathe offended to dooe a greate noumbre of innocentes to death I wys euen veray I myself am the manne that bothe haue persuaded my freÌ„des The noble maÌ„ly harte of Sthenius and also haue coarcted myne enemies to take the part of Marius against Sylla This was dooen in the ciuile battail betwene Mariê° and Sylla Here Pompeius greatly meruaillyng at the manly herte of this Sthenius said that he perdoned the Mamertines who had been persuaded by suche a manne â—oÌ„pâ—ius for the respecte of Stheniê° perdoned yâ— Maâ—niâ—tâ—ines as preferred his couÌ„tree aboue his own life and so deliuered bothe the citee and Sthenius In Sthenius ye haue an example what herte a prince ought to beare towarde the coÌ„menweale in case any perill or daungier dooe chauÌ„ce and in Pompeius a good lesson of placabilitee or myldenesse in that he was more propense to shewe honour vnto one that had a natural affeccion and zele toward his couÌ„tree then to execute his wrathe to the vttermost When he had passed ouer into Libya a parte of Afrike adâ—oâ—naunte to Egypte so named of Libâ—a yâ— wife of 〈◊〉 Iupiters soonne Libya against Domitius and had ouercomed thesame in a ‡ He calleth it a greate victorie for the saied Domitius a noble Senatour of Roome and consull with Messala peryshed in the battaill And of twentie thousande whiche he had in an armie there escaped aliue no mo but three thousande At this victorie Pompeius subdued all Aphrike into the power of the Romains And for this victorie was he surnamed Magnus and was called Pompeius the greate greate sore battaill his souldiours full whole salutyng hym with the title of Emperour he saied he would not take at their handes the honour of that high name as long as the trenches and bulwerkes of his enemies campe was standing whole This heard his soldiours The good couâ—age of Pompeius his souldyours although it wer theÌ„ a great raine to leat theim soodainly with all their might assaillyng the campe of their enemies woonne it and beate it down hande smoothe PoÌ„peius refused honour vntil he knew hymself to haue deserued it Thus the saied Pompeius refufed an honour not yet truely deserued with deedes Thesame Pompeius beeyng returned from the saied victorie The surname of Magnus when wherefore by whoÌ„ it was geuen to Pompeiê° was partely with other honours highly receiued by Sylla and also besydes other thynges he first of all gaue vnto hym the surname Magnus the greate But when Pompeius not satisfied wyth al this woulde nedes triumphe too Sylla would none therof because Pompeius was not yet of the degree of a senatour But when Pompeius had saied vnto the coumpaignie then preseÌ„te Sylla to bee ignoraunt that moo persones dooen worship the soonne when it ariseth Mo persones wurship the soonne whâ— it ariseth then when it gooeth downe saied Pompeius then when it gooeth down Sylla cryed with a loude voice leat hym triumphe He was strieken in fear of the courageous stomake of the freashe young manne PoÌ„peius triâ—mphed beeyng a veraye young manne not yet a Seâ—â—â—our and of his glorie dayly more and more encreasyng Neither sticked he or put any doubtes to geue place vnto suche an one as he sawe could in no wyse he brought to yeld an ynche to any manne lyuyng The menyng of Pompeius was that the people would bee more propense to fauour thâ— honour and glorie of a young manne comyng vpward and growâ—ng towardes the world as hymself was then of an olde manne beeyng almoste past and begynnyng to decaye as Sylla now did In the meane whyle euen against the tyme Seruilius a ioyly feloe and emong the hedde menne in the coÌ„menweale highly estemed was madde angrye that a * When any consull or other high Capitaine by the Senate people therunto deputed had holden greate warres and had with sauyng his owne armie or at leâ—t wyse with smal losse of menne achiued some notable high coÌ„queste or had gotteÌ„ some excelâ—ente victorie vpoÌ„ any foren nacion kyng or capitain to the high honour renoume and auauÌ„cemente of the commenweale of Roome or to the victorious enlargeyng of the empier of the same he should at his returnyng home bee receiued with all honour ioye solemnitee pompe and royaltee that might bee deuised He should haue to go before hym the kyng or capitaine by hym subdued all captiues taken in the warres he should haue pageauntes as gorgeously sette out as might bee of all the tounes castelles fortresses and people or prouinces by hym subdued hymself should ryde in a chairette moste goodly beseen bare hedded sauyng a garlande of laurell and after his taille should come his owne souldyours with all ioye mirth solace that was possible to bee made And this was called a triumphe the highest honour that might bee shewed Neither was it awarded to any manne but by the iudgemente of the whole armie with the decree of the Senate vpon thesame and consente of the whole vniuersall people nor without the â—esertes aboue rehersed triumphe was graunted to Pompeius The souldyours also not a fewe of theÌ„ made many stoppes lettes that there might bee no triuÌ„phe dooen not for that thei bare Pompeius any grutche but thei required to haue certain rewardes distributed emong theÌ„ as though the triumphe must haue been bought at their handes with greate largesse orels the souldiours thretened that thei would echemaÌ„ne for hymself catche awaye of the treasures and richesse that should bee carryed about in the triumphe And therfore the saied Seruilius and one Glaucia gaue hym aduise and counsaill rather willyngly to parte the saied money emong the souldyours theÌ„ to suffre it to bee taken awaye euery maÌ„ne a flyce by strong hande But wheÌ„ Pompeius had made theim aunswer that he would rather leat al alone and haue no triumphe at all Pompeius would rather make no triumphe at all theÌ„ flattre his souldyours or bye it with money then he would make any seekyng or entreactyng to his owne souldiours and euen with that woorde
suche as the Catules and the Scaures with all their garlandes their images of honour and their petigrees When he offreed a siluer bolle to the goddes Marcus Tulliê° would not forsake the surâ—ame of Cicero he had his * The Romaines for the moste parte especially suche as wer of any nobilitee and renoume had three names the first was called Praenomen the forename as Marcus whiche we dooe call the christian name the secounde was called nomen the name as Tullius whiche was â—he commen name of the hous stocke or familie that thei wer descended of and this we call our surname because we haue not the thirde in vse except it should bee called out siâ—e name that is to saie the name of our fâ—thers bloudde auncestrie The thirde was geuen vpon some other externall chaunce cause or consideracion as Cicero and sembleaâ—ly in others forename and his name stamped and sette out in plain lettres but for his surname Cicero he engraued the figure and proporcion of a cicer Not shrynkyng an ynche for the interpretacion of capcious bourders Suche oratours or aduocates â—s in vttreyng their matier or in makyng their plea dooen vse to crye out as if thei wer in a mylne or in a roode lofte Cicero auouched to bee sembleable vnto lame creples Clamouroâ—s and brallyng oratours Cicero likened vnto lame creples for that suche manier oratours sembleably had al their refuge vnto suche clamourous yallyng as lame bodyes to their horses Yea eueÌ„ at this preseÌ„t daie a rief thyng it is to see feloes enough of the self same suite which as ofteÌ„ as thei see theim selfes to haue the wurse ende of the staffe in their cause dooen make their recourse wholly vnto furious brallyng to the ende that where thei are not of facultee and cunnyng with good argumentes and profouÌ„de reasons to make their matâ—er good thei maye with malaperte facyng and with feare by hooke or crooke drieue it to their purpose WheÌ„ * â—erres a gentlemaÌ„ of Roome who beeyng Praetor in Sicilie did muche pillage and extorcion there Wherupon he was accused and brought to his aunswer in Roome Cicero made and pronounced against hym certain inuectiues and in theim so laied to his charge and brought in witnesse vpon thesame that Uerres was coÌ„demned in a greate summe of a rierage And not many yeres after he was cast in a forfaicte of all his gooddes and laâ—des by Marcus Antonius vpon none other cause ne grounde saieth Plinius but for that on a tyme bragguyng and cockyng with Antonius he craked and made vauÌ„te that he would droppe plate of Corinthe metalle with hym ouÌ„ce for ounce and not bee one piece behynde hym Verres who had a soonne â—iciously myspendyng the floure of his youth railled on Cicero vnder the name of a synneful abuser of his body in abominacion How Cicero â—aunâ—ed Uerrâ—s laiyng to his charge vnchast liuyng thou art ignoraunt ê™ Cicero that a maÌ„ne ought to chyde his children secretely within doores Signifiyng that woorde of reproche not to take place in hym but in the soonne of the faulte fynder or quereler And in deede to parentes it apperteineth to blame or chyde their children Parentes ought to rebuke theâ—r children secretely within their houses but yet not wtout the circuite of their owne houses neither ought thesame woordes of rebuke to bee notified foorth of doores But that persone dooeth no lesse then publyshe it abrode who laieth to others abrode that thyng whiche his children dooe perpetratâ— at home in his owne hous Unto Metellus laiyng to the charge of Cicero that yesame had been the death of mo persones by geuyng euidence against theim then euer he had saued by pleadyng for theÌ„ How Cicero aunswered Metellus laiyng to his charge that he had been the death of mo menne by his euidence geuyng then he had saued by pleadyng for theim yea marie ê™ Cicero for I haue in me more trueth of my woorde in bearyng witnesse then I haue of eloquence to persuade With a meruaillous wittie braine did he wrest the other parties worde of reproche to his own laude and praise For in a geuer of euidence truth is to bee regarded in an aduocate or attourney eloquence it is that dooeth moste auaile Eftsons to thesame Metellus demaundyng of Cicero who was his father as castyng hym in the teethe with the bassenes of his birth he said How Cicero aunswered Metellus demaundynge who was his father thy mother is in the cause that a right hard thyng it is to make a directe aunswer vnto this questioÌ„ of thyne It is afore noted that the father of Cicero was oâ— no name For the mother of Metellus had a name that she was no veray good wooman of hir bodye The mother of Metellus vnchast of hir bodye Yea and Metellus hymself beeyng of his mothers condicions was veraye * Metellus was so shuttlebrained that euen in the middes of his tribuneship he left his office in Roome and sailled to PoÌ„peius into Syria and by then he had been with hym a whyle â—ame flyngyng home to Roome again as wyse as a capon light and mutable and one that could none other but folowe euery soodain guerie or pangue that shotte in his braine Metellê° light and incoÌ„staÌ„t Cicero chaunged the contumelie from the father to the mother For then is the father vncertain to bee knowen when the mother kepeth not hirself to one sole manne When the same Metellus after the deceasse of Diodorus Diodorus alias Diodorê° maister vnto Metellus in rhetorike whom he had to his maister in rhetorike had sette for a memorial vpon the toumbe of yesame a crowe of stone Cicero saied What Cicero saied when Metellê° had sette vpoÌ„ the touÌ„be of Diodorê° a crowe of stone Truly he is rewarded accordyng to his desertes For he hath taught Metellus to flygh and not to make oracions Notyng the lightenesse and inconstauncie of Metellus The crowe is a byrde that hathe none other musike nor can none other songe ne tune but ka ka Plutarchus calleth the Rhetorician Philagres and saieth that the toumbe was of marble and that Metellus caused the crowe to be grauen in the marble stone whiche thyng in deede is the more likely Marcus â—Tullius had heard saie that Vatinius a mortall foo of his and besides that of hymself a persone ful of myschief was dedde What Cicero saied wheÌ„ one had tolde newes that Uatinius was dedde and afterward the thyng was found otherwyse shortly after when he had heard contrary woorde again that thesame was aliue and merie eiuill chieuyng come to hym saied Tullius that eiuill lyed Signifiyng that Uatinius was vnwoorthie any loÌ„ger to liue In deede euery lye is eiuill but this lye was double â—iuill because it had brought honeste menne into a fooles paradise Yet neuerthelesse the saiyng was doubtefull as the whiche might haue been spoken of suche a persone also whom a bodye would not with his good
are coÌ„tented with their vertues honeste qualitees as the whiche dooe persuade theimselfes that he can not bee poore who hath the grace of God and is not couetous And of this conclusion it is afore menâ—ioned in the .xlviii. apophthegme of Diogenes But wheras the posicion or conclusion of the Stoikes mened that no manne was riche though he had millions of talentes except he wer a good and a vertuous manne withall Crassus because he was couetous did interprete take it to his purpose that no manne was a good manne except he wer riche so that he would his richesse to bee a cloke of goodnesse of vertue and of perfecte honestee Therefore Cicero mocked hym with an other opinion of the Stoikes whiche was that in a sapiente manne all thynges are possessed wherby Cicero by an â—â—onie exhorted Crassus to peruerte the sense therof too as he had dooen of the other and to persuade hym self that if he could geatte all the worlde into his possessioÌ„ he should be a sapiente and a perfecte good manne Whereas the mynde of the Sâ—oikes was clene contrarie But Crassus was so couetous that he would often tymes auouche no manne to bee woorthie the name of a riche manne except he wer hable with his yerely reâ—enues to kâ—pe an armie and to maintein an hoste of menne Wherefore when he warred vpoÌ„ the Parthians and was by thesame taken and slain in that warre thei cutte of his hedde in despite melted golde into his mouth saiyng these woordes Aurum sitisti Aurum bibe golde hast thou thirsted now drynke golde enough a good manne is he that is riche Naye ê™ Cicero see whether this bee not rather their opinion that a wyse manne is lorde of all the worlde or hath all thynges of the worlde in his possession Couertely notyng the auarice of Crassus The excedyng auarice of Crassus to whom nothyng was enoughâ— but all thynges semed to litle When Crassus was towarde a iourney into Syria beeyng more desirous to leaue Cicero his frend then his foe when he should bee gon he saluted Cicero diligently saied that he would suppe at home with hym that night Whom Cicero with a cherefull gladde countenauÌ„ce receiued and entreteined Within a fewe daies after this certain of his frendes went in hande with hym aud made meanes vnto hym for to bee at one with Vatinius also What Ciceâ—o saied wheÌ„ his freÌ„des laboured to bryng hym Uatinius at oâ—e Why ê™ Cicero is Vatinius disposed to haue a supper at my house too Signifiyng that the same Uatinius did make meanes more to haue a supper then to haue his frendeship Yet one cast more he had at Vatinius who had a swellyng in the throte whiche is in latine called strumae a disease like that is called the kynges â—iuil if it bee not the veraye same when the said Vatinius made a plea for a cliente of his in a certain cause Oh ê™ Tullius wee haue here an oratour gayly puffed vp Cicero called Uatinius an oratour gayly puffed vp because yesame had a swellyng in hiâ— throte In the latine it hath a veray good grace For this woorde Tumidus souneth in englyshe swolleÌ„ inflated or puffed vp Whiche termes aswell the latine as the englyshe by translacion are referred not onely to swellyng in some parte of the bodie but also in pride bragguyng and vainglorie As the oratoures Asiatique wer called Tumidi swolleÌ„ or inflated be cause their sorte facion of makyng oracions was proude solemâ—e pompeous The pompâ—ous manice of the Asiâ—tiques in makyng oracioÌ„sâ— bolde perte replenyshed with vauntyng bostyng crakyng bragguyng and vaingloriousnesse As witnesseth Plutarchus in the life of Antonius And therunto did Cicero allude Iulius Caesar had earnestely purposed to distribute the landes of Campania emong his menne of armes This thyng bothe many others in the senate tooke greuously especially one Lucius Gellius beeyng a manne euen with veraye age almoste clene dooen saied swore that it should not so bee as long as he liued What Cicâ—ro sâ—ied wheÌ„ Luciê° Gelliê° an aged maâ— spake of a thyng that it should not 〈◊〉 so long as he liued Well ê™ Cicero leat vs tarye so long hardyly for it requireth no long delaie Signifiyng that Gellius was euen at the last caste and in manier at deathes doore When a certain young feloe to whose charge it had been aforetymes laied that he had killed his father with a spiececake infected with poyson How Cicero checked a young feloe thretenyng to reâ—â—e hym wheÌ„ this young feloe beeyng angreed euen at the herte roote thretened in his furie that he would haue a flyng at Cicero with woordes that should soune litle to his honestee so had I rather thou shouldest ê™ Cicero then with spiececakes Under that coulourable woorde of double interpretacion obiectyng vnto the feloe the murdreyng of his father One Publius Sextius had taken Cicero together with certain aduocates mo to assiste hym to help defend hym in a cause of his How Ciâ—ero saied to Publius Sertius takyng on hym to make all his plea hymself And when thesame Sextius would nedes declare his owne matier and haue all the saiyng his oneself would not geue any of his aduocates place or leaue to speake a woorde as soone as the matier was clere and out of parauentures that Sextus should bee quitte and discharged by the iudges Take the tyme O Sextius ê™ Cicero this daye whyle thou mayest For tomorâ—â—â—e thou shalt bee a priuate manâ—â—â— gain Geuyng hym half a checke for that he had taken vpon hym in the matier to dooe all together hymself alone at his owne pleasure Wheras the next daye folowyng he should haue no publique office of a patrone or oratour nor bee adhibited to any suche vse but bee as other menne wer that had nothyng to dooe with pleadyng in courtes as Cicero and the other publique oratours had When Marcus Appius in the preamble of a certain oracion or plea saied that he had been by a frende of his greately desired to vse and to shewe all his diligence How Cicero mocked Marcus Appius eloqueÌ„ce fidelitee in his clientes cause at this woorde spake Cicero saied and hast thou such an hert of steele of thyn owne that of so many thynges whiche thy freÌ„de hath desired the vnto thou dooest neuer an one at all Menyng that in his oracion appered not so muche as any one poincte of diligence of elâ—quence or yet of trustynesse Marcus Aquilius hauyng twoo sooÌ„nes in lawe that wer housbandes to his twoo doughters but bothe of theim banyshed exiled Cicero called Adrastus Cicero gaue vnto Marcê° Aquilius the name of Adrastusâ— Be cause that he alone kept his standyng like a manne saued â—ym self vpright Alludyng to the propre signâ—ficacion of yâ— greke vocable For 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signifieth infected orels one froÌ„ whoÌ„ is no sterâ—yng away nor escaping of a shrewd turne