fresh water long sleep and shun the use of hot and dry things 2. Persons hot and moist if moderately such preserve their Temperament and follow al things moderately lest contracting plenty of Excrements they sal into putrid Diseases 3. Cold persons require both hot meats which stir up heat and consume it not and seasonable Evacuation of Flegmatick Excrements 4. Dry Constitutions must have moist meats and baths of fresh Water 5. Such as are Cold and Dry have an unhappy constitution which must be holpen with long sleep frictions which strengthen the Natural heat and discuss it not and with a bath of fresh Water 6. In Cold and moist persons coldness must be corrected and the moisture preserved as much as may be Temperate exercises do stir up the Natural heat whereby it is inabled to conquer the moisture II. Persons Declining because in regard of a Plethorick and Cacochymical disposition encline to sickness must in the first place use rest and abstinence and in case these suffice not they require Blood-letting and purging Therefore at the beginning of the spring Flegmatick and Melancholly Humors about the end thereof Choler and about Autumn black Cholerick Humors are to be purged A pil of Aloes Rosata taken an hour before supper but not too often lest it hurt the Liver may suffice to Empty the matter which sticks in the stomach and first passages III. Touching persons neither sick nor wel but recovering two things are to be observed 1. That they fal not back again into their sicknesses 2. That they may soon recover their perfect health And therefore 1. Because such reliques as are left in Diseases after the Crisis wont to cause relapses if there be as yet any superfluous matter remaining it must be drawn away by little and little and the parts are to be Roborated 2. If there be no matter over the Body must be carfully nourished with moist Diet easie of digestion and of good nourishment 3. Bodies that have been long extenuated must be repaired by little and little such as have been suddenly decaied must be quickly repaired 4. These things are chiefly to be used which respect the Causes of the weakness and may resist the Morbifick Dispositions And so much for the Method of preservation of Health THE SECOND BOOK OF THE IDEA OF PRACTICAL PHYSICK Treating of the Preternatural Affections or Disorders of Mans Body and their Respective Signs The INTRODUCTION SO much may suffice to have spoken touching Hygieine or the Art of Preserving Health The Second Part of Physick followes termed Therapeutice which teaches the way to know all Infirmities which impair the Health of Mans body and being known by certain convenient Remedies to remove the same if possible It s End therefore is to remove if possible the preternatural Dispositions of the body and to restore health lost Its Parts are likewise two 1. General which treats of the Nature Signs Causes Differences and Cure of the praeternatural Affections of the Body both in General in particular in Conjunction 2 Special which treates of such preternatural affections as refer to the particular parts of the Body The former is again subdivided into four parts In the First we shal treat of the Nature and signs of praeternatural affections The Second declares the Medicaments The Third laies open the general method of curing The Fourth treates of the first differences of Diseases and delivers their Cure considered in gross Title I. Of a Disease in general Chap. 1. Of the Nature of a Disease THose Affections or disorders which praeternaturally infest the Body of Man are three A Disease its Cause and its Symptome A Disease is the Inability of the living parts of Mans body to perform their natural Actions ariseing from their praeternatural Constitution Concerning which we are to consider 1. The Subject 2 The Times 3 The cause 4 The Differences 5. The Signs 6. The Issue or event Of the first four we shal treat in this Chapter assigneing peculiar Chapters to the two last I. The Subject is the liveing parts of mans body both spermatick and sanguine both in reference to their matter to which Temperament and occult qualities belong as also to their structure to which conformation and unity do appertaine Sometimes altogether sometimes many sometimes only one of these is affected II. The times are four 1. The Beginning in which the disease iâ crude nor are there any signs of coction or corruption contrary thereto present althings are remiss unless the matter being agitated does infest some one part more than the rest til it is either dissipated or thrust out into the Circumference of the Body and healthily disposed diseases their causes being removed do sometimes vanish 2. The Augment or Increase wherein the Symptomes grow more burthensome and the signs either of Coction or contrary Corruption begin to appeare 3. The State in which there is the greatest combate betwixt Nature and the Disease the signs of Life and Death do manifestly shew themselves and all things are vehement and if any Remission appeare the reason is because nature being weakened gives over and is no longer able to oppose her against the morbifick Causes 4. And lastly this Declination or Decrease in which the disease being overcome by nature grows gentle and no man dies at this time unless through the fault of himself or the Physitian or the disease changing into a worse Touching all these times note in general 1. That each of these being not of equal length in all diseases is subdivided after the same manner so that the beginning hath its beginning Augment and Declination and so the rest 2. That Intermitting Diseases have their particular times in each fit 3 That Diseases which receive nourishment in winter are finnished in Summer and contrariwise unless they are terminated within the circuit of certaine daies III. When we speak of Causes we do not consider any material cause For a disease hath no such cause its subject being instead thereof nor do we intend the formal cause for that is explained in the definition nor of the final because those things have final causes which consist in perfection whereas a disease consists in defect thereof also it is bred and receives growth by accident but we speak of the Efficient Causes which are considered either in respect to the disease or absolutely or according as the things themselves are The former are sundry I. Remote which either works as procatarctick causes which 1 Are either in the Body or without and therefore have not recourse with externals 2. They are called external because they belong not to the Constitution of the body 3 When manifest causes as a sword c. may be the immediate cause of a disease they are reckoned with the former 4. They stir up and put in motion such causes as lie hidden in our Bodies so that they sensibly affect our bodies as Watchings 5. Of their own nature and force they cannot cause a great disease
also voided by Urine not much at once as in persons of good constitution nor with pain of the Kidneis as in solution of the fatness of the Kidneys but slowly and a little at a time Sediment like bran is seen in the Urine without any Disease in the bladder swelling of the Thighs and a looseness which threatens Death Another is when the Fibrous and Membranous substance is violated by the Feaverish heat Hence follows the Marasmos which happens somtimes to Young and Old Preternaturally somtimes through defect of Aliment and extinction of the natural heat either in regard of Age or of some Scirrhous Tumor See thereof Joel in the foresaid Tome II. One sort is simple to which what has been before said in general may be applied Another is Complicated and that either with a Putrid intermittent and then the greatest part of the Heat remains in fiery and the least is come into Act. The fit being finished the places of the Arteries grow hot the other parts are temperate The Pulse looses not its frequency and swiftness and the Patients meat does not eucrease strength Or with a Continual Putrid and then t is hardly known The dry heat remains after the end of the declination or of the whole Feaver The Body is more extenuated The Urine is fatty and Oyly Title V. Of Malignant Feavers Chap. 1. Of Malignant Feavers in General HItherto we have treated of Benigne or wel affected Feavers the Malignants come next which are Generally or specially to be considered Malignant Feavers generally considered are Feavers arising from some hidden cause partaking of a Venemous kind of Quality causing more grevious Symptomes than ordinary and yet not killing many or suddenly Their SIGNS are great weakness from the begining without any manifest Cause more than the Feaver and Feaverish heat could probably produce Pulse frequent Smal Weak or if the Pulse being natural seem to deceive t is known by the presence of other Symptomes The Vrins are some times in the first daies like those of heathly persons somtimes thick colored troubled having a thick red and troubled sediment The Heat milder than sutes with the Nature of the Disease and Symptomes A Mass of Symptomes animal Vital and natural Swellings or spots break forth c. The CAUSE are either the Disposition and Plenty of Humors or Contagion The CURE is Hard if greater and more constant Symptomes appear Dropping of blood at the beginning signifies the working of the Humors their bad Quality and the Patients weakness T is performed bp Bezoardicks and other things of which in the Differences The Differences of Malignant Feavers are taken from the Causes I. Some are from the Bad Dispositions of Humors and their Plenty whether in the stomach about the Midrif or in the first waies They are known by Stomach-sickness Pain Heat Bitterness of the Mouth anxiety and other tokens They arise either from corrupt meats or from some other cause Are Cured 1. By Blood-letting which ought to be Practised after the Evacuation of the first waies by Lenitive Medicaments least a greater Ebullition and working of the Humors becaused and that before the fourth day 2. By giving of Sudorificks which neither augment the Feaver nor are very strong that either the Body may be disposed to sweat or at least the Malignity may be expelled 3. By alteration and preparation with such things as stop the Commotion of the blood and refist the malignity thereof The Juyce of Citrons Pomegranates and the Root of Scorzonera are commended c. Yea and also the spirit of Vitriol with other Syrups unless the Patients be aged and lean and unless their Lungs be otherwise diseased than through flegm stopping the Vessels IIII. By Purgation which ought to be effected by gentle Medicaments and scarce before the fourteenth day V. By giving cooling diureticks if the matter of the Disease go that way VI. By application of Topicks to the Pulses and the heart al the time of the Disease VII By mitigation or taking away such Symptomes as shal happen VIII By Diet in which we must abstain from wine unless faintings happen A Decoction of Harts-horn with such a Quantity of spirit of Vitriol as may cause a grateful acidity to which a little Julep of Roses or Viollets may be added must be given They are divided two waies I. Somtime there is no Poyson but the Disease is urgent by reason of the Causes Vehemence or some evil quality conjoyned Somtimes there is an hidden Venemous Quality 2. Somtimes the Putrefaction and Malignity are equal Somtimes the Putrefaction is greater than the Malignity Where the first waies must be Evacuated not only by Clysters but also by Syrupe of Roses solutive Cassia Tamarinds c. Somtimes the Malignity is greater than the Putrefaction Some arise from Contagion in which the Cure ought to be undertaken by Sudorificks and Antidotes and Nature must be assisted if she expel any thing Chap. 1. Of the several sorts of Malignant Feavers Article I. Of the smal Pocks MAlignant Feavers specially considered contain under them Feavers with smal Pocks Meazels and such like Eruptions the spotted Feavers Sweating-sickness of England The Hungarian Disease the Feaver with the Cramp and the Feaver with a Catarrb and Cough The Smal poxe are pustles arising by means of the expulsive faculty on the surface of the skin and parts that hold proportion with the skin with a continual feaver by reason of a peculiar boiling of the Blood The SIGNES of the smal poxe when present are needless for they appear to our Eyesight That they wil shortly come forth is signified by paine of the head with heaviness of the eyes also of the neck and back itching of the nostrils Diminution of Respiration dryness of the cough trembling of the Feet the when patient turns frequent sneesing panting of the heart The Vrin is somtimes like that of Healthy bodies the vitious matter being driven into the outward parts of the body somtimes it is troubled by reason of the great working of the Humors Tears bursting out of the eyes without any cause of sorrow A feaver raise by the working and boiling of the humors Spod breaking forth of the Body c. The CAUSE is either external viz. Impurity of the Mothers Blood which the infant in the womb atracts in the last months because there is none purer This blood being drawn into the whole fleshy substance is for some yeares insensibly hidden at length no longer able to beare it it begins to ferment like new wine or beere that works by which frementation or working the pure is seperated from the impure the impurity is drawn forth by a certain kind of Crisis and the Heat is âmmunicated to the heart and a feaver raised Or external or contagious when out of Bodies so diseased a sickly vapour is comunicated to another or the Air which by reason of the Influence of the stars or other causes does either rupt the humors or set them in agitation
Ear Milfoil and Citron Rinds Prepared the Decoction of Pimpernel Walwort Sugar of Roses Old with the Whey of Goats Milk the Secret of Freytagius of which you may see further in the same Author in his tract of Opium China Root Guajacum c. Let the Patient every hour lick in the Lohoch of Walwort with the Conserve of Red roses III. The Correction of the Blood that so that that floweth unto the part affected may be good And therefore in the Diet Milk is accounted wholsom because that by its serosity it clenseth the Ulcer and by its Caseosity if we may so term it or Cheesie part it Consolidates and then lastly by its Aereal and buttery Fatness it Humectates and moisteneth the wasted and extenuated Body And certain it is that Goats Milk ought to be taken at dinner time at least if there be present no great Feaver or pain of the head that so it may not sour in the stomach or Cause unsavory belchings At Supper the Emulsion of white Poppy Seed and of the greater cold Seeds of each one dram of the Milk of sweet Almonds one pint also milk Boyled with Rice If Milk be not thought convenient Barley Hulled and with the broth of a Cook reduced into a Cream Distilled Medicaments are not here approved of because that their Nutritive faculty doth not transcend the Alembick IV. The Removal of the Feaver by those things that cool and moisten V. The Depulsion of the Extenuation by those things that have in them a power restorative And here Pultises of Milk the Yolks of Eggs fresh Butter Sugar and the meal or flour of Barley and Rice have their place Then let a Bath of warm Milk be made for the sick person after which let a Rosted pullet that hath been fattened with Milk succeed and then the distilled liquor of Snails and the Aqua Mirabilis of which we may see more in Zacutus his Eight Book VI. The Nerfion of the whole Nocturnal Colliquation by Sudorificks or Sweats Then in the evening we must administer the Conserve of Red Roses with the Syrup of Poppy of Jujubes and Diacodium The Breast and the Back-bone are to be anoynted and a Liniment Resumptive as Practitioners cal it with the Oyl of Roses and Violets c. The Phthisis is divided in a twofold manner according to the quality and condition of the Causes and its Duration I. One is from Blood which being got forth into the Lungs there clotteth and putrefieth And in this if al things else be answerable Phlebotomy hath its due place in the very beginning thereof Another from a sharp Humor whether it be Serous or Cholerick which is either sent from the Head neither may it be cast forth by Coughing and then the Cure is to be ordered according to the Nature of the Catarrh or else it is poured forth from the Heart into the Lungs or else it regurgitates from the suppressed Courses or Hemorrhoids and then the Cure must be sought for in its own proper place Another but that is very rare from Sweet Flegm if in too great abundance it flow unto the lungs obstruct the lappits therof render the substance thereof over moist and there putrefie by reason of its long abode there and for want of Ventilation Another from Pus or corrupt stinking matter upon the breaking of the impostum of the Quinsie of the Uvula the Pleurisie c. And hence is that of Hippocrates those saith he that after a Pleurisie happen to be impostumated if in forty daies they be not freed thereof they then become Phtysical Another by Contagion from the breath of the Phthisical and hereunto belongeth that of the Sea hare corroding and eating through the Lungs by its specifical Poysonous quality and likewise the breath and stench of Cats and Dogs sent forth especially in the dissecting and opening of them II. One is Recent and but newly begun in which the Symptoms are not so strong and Violent Another such as is confirmed and of a long continuance in which the Cheeks wax black or of a Leaden color with a Paleness in the Face although I grant at somtimes the Cheeks by Reason of Vapors ascending from the Lungs may appear to be of somthing a red color The Breath by reason of the imbecillity of the breathing Faculty or the obstruction of the Bronchia we cal them the Lappets of the Lungs either from store of purulent matter sent thither or else from the many Excrements that in the weakned Lungs are gathered together and heaped up becometh very difficult and is hardly drawn The Pulses are one while languid and slow another while quick and swift one while hard by Reason of the dryness of the Body and another while soft in regard of the Humid matter moystening the Arteries Sweats in great abundance break forth in the time of sleep by reason of the debillity of the natural Faculty And at length the Malady having now gotten the upper hand certain smal parcels and portions of the putrefied lungs are cast forth with an intolerable strength The Hair of the Head sheddeth and falleth off by Reason of the defect and want of Aliment and the Corruption of that that is bred in the Body The Nails become Crooked that Flesh that was wont to be at the Fingers ends being consumed A Smal sort of Lice are generated in regard of the Corruption of the Aliment The Extream parts especially the Feet by reason of the extinction of the Native heat are much swollen And at length the Flux Diarrhoea together with a suppession of the Spittle followeth upon it from the weakness of the retentive Faculty of the Stomack and the Intestines See further in Freytagius touching the Phthisis Title V. Of the Diseases of the Thorax or Breast Chap. I. Of the Inflamation of the Mediastine or the Transverse Muscle and the Tumors of the Diaphragm THe Diseases of the Thorax or Chest are the Inflamation of the Mediastine the Swlling of the Diaphragme the Pleurisie the Empyema or Constipation the Consumption or wasting of the Back and the Worms of the Back I. The Inflamation of the Mediastin that disjoyneth the Lobes of the Lungs is known by the continual Feaver the frequent thick and swift breathing an extream and intense burning in the Breast a smal pain at the stern unto which the Mediastine is tyed and by the spitting and casting forth of that that is at first red and then afterward Yellow But the matter that is thus cast up because that it is gathered together betwixt a double Membrane as it were and is not easily Evacuated unless the said Membrane be eaten through is not in any great abundance It ariseth from the Blood and chiefly the Cholerick It is Cured after the manner of other Inflamations Where take notice that the Repressing Medicaments ought indeed to be cold but no way astringent and that in this Case the Oyl of Violets is cheifly approved of which must be made
and more windy 8. Rostock beer which quenches thirst expells the Urine nourishes little and is good in the summer time 9. Servestan beer which hangs long in the hypochondria and sometimes causes sharpness of Urine 10. Newburg beer in Thuringia which is wel boyled and nourishes if it be taken too plentifully it causes dimness of sight some have grown blind by too much use thereof 11. Erfurt beer which conduces very much to health 12. Torgave beer which breeds good blood and by its aromatical tast strengthens the principle members 13. Wittenberg beer which is like the Rheue beer being ill-boyled 14. Rauschenburge beer which is commended against the stone 15. Paderborn beer which breeds thick blood 16. Beer of Brabant Gelder and Zutphen which breeds the scurvy 17. Flanders-beer which is very commendable especially their double beer 18. English beer which makes the drinkers fat 19. The Rhemsh beer which is for the most part base and hurtful 20. Colen beer which is better than that of Brabant I pass over the differences taken from the vessels which also change the faculties They are kept sometimes in pitched sometimes in unpitched vessells Mead and Metheglin do for the most part Heat more than wine especially if spices be added thereunto But it easily turns to choler because of the Honey Chap. 2. Of non-natural things done by a Man NOn-natural things which are done are passions of the Mind Motion and rest of the Body sleepe and waking which are of great moment towards the preservation or violation of Health Touching affections of the Mind and their Action upon the Body these things are cheifly to be observed 1. That Moderate affections preserve health and make no change in the Body 2. Such as pass their bounds oft times disorder the body and sometimes bring sudden Death 3. If you consider the good Affections or passions 1. Love if it exceed because it vehemently inflames the spirits in the Heart endeavouring to draw the thing beloved to it self and therfore sending the spirits forth to meet it does often times cause palpitation of the Heart sometimes madness fainting c. 2. Cheerfulness if it be moderate recreates the Heart and vital spirits if it be sudden and in too great a quantity it so dissipates the spirits which the Heart therein sends into the outward members because of its over great dilatation that it oftentimes brings death 3. In Evil Affections or Passions 1. Sadness by little and little dissolves the spirits cooles and dries the body spoiles digestion causes watching and breeds melancholy diseases 2. Fear dissolves the strength of the Body by reason of the sudden recourse of the Heat Blood and spirits into the outward parts causes a smal pulse with refrigeration of the external parts and is sometimes the cause of sudden gray haires even in young Men. 3. Anger in which the Spirits and Blood do as it were boile in the Heart and are violently moved from the inner to the outward parts it agitates the spirits and Humors Heats the whol body and breeds Fevers Tremblings of the joints and Palpitations of the Heart do often invade angery persons Also women are thereby brought into danger of Abortion Anger hardly ever kild any body because the Spirits are therein freely and forcibly moved if any died upon occasion of anger of necessity there was some other natural disorder in the body II. That Motion is necessary for Health is hence apparent in that by encreasing natural Heat it furthers Nutrition by moving and agitateing the Spirits it discusses vapors and excrements it makes the body after a sort hardy by adding solidity to the parts by their mutual Attrition Now according to its Differences it works diversly upon the Body of Man The best is that which exercises al parts of the body alike The next to that is whereby al parts are moved but not equally the lightest of al is that which exercises one only part I. Two much Motion exhausts the spirits and solid parts cooles the whole body dissolves the strength of the Muscles Nerves and Ligaments and hurts the Eye-sight II. Swift motion renders the body thin and compacted III. Slow motion rarifies and encreases the Flesh IV. Vehement motion makes the body hard lively but leane withal V. Continued and equable Motion because the members are weakened thereby as being much it wearies the more VI. Vnequal motion because it is parted with spaces of rest wearies less VII Distinguished and ordinate motion brings less wearyness since Interruption brings rest and the rest is cause of less wearyness VIII In hot places it burns more in moist places it moistens because the bodies being rarified by exercise are most readily disposed to receive al the qualitie of the Air and Places IX Among motions caused by a mans self I. Leaping without Intermission stirs up natural heat but hurts the Head by concussion and the Breast by compression while the back is bowed Leaping on high is good for the Hips but bad for the breast Downwards to leap clenses the Head from superfluities and strengthens the things With Springing it is good for old Diseases of the Head and brings matter which tends upwards downe into the lower parts 2. Running if it be Vehement is good for Fat and moist bodies but it is bad for such as are troubled with any kind of Head-ach If Running be moderate it excellently warms the Body excites appetite and though at first it move defluxions yet it afterwards in tract of time stops them A long course fore right by little and little performed diffuses the flesh but renders the bodies thicker Backward if it be gentle it is good for the Head Eyes stomach Loins A Circular motion distends the flesh and belly and very much offends the Head uphil t is bad for the Breast and thighs Downhil it very much affects the head it shakes the bowels troubles weake hips upon plain ground it does al that has been said The body being covered by moving sweat it moystens and heats the flesh but it makes the bodys il colored because the pure air does not come at them to clense the same The body being naked it draws out great plenty of sweat it brings away the humors in invisible exhalations and does more burne the body 3. To excercise ungirt by hurling a weight by reason of the vehement straining to throw the same the vehemency of the motion and bending of the muscles does make limbes to grow firme and purges them from excrements but this excercise must not be used by such as have weake Breasts and Kidneys 4. Darting is useful to get a good habit of Body and therefore Aesculapius and Apollo were thought to be the first Masters of darting 5. Moderate walking abroad continued without resting makes the body pure it helps defluxions and suppression of the courses Swift walking does heat much and abates the greatness of the flesh Slow walking is convenient for ancient and weake people because it
or they act after the manner of antecedent causes which continue hidden dispositions in the body which a disease may follow upon which nevertheless are not conjoined therewith only are defined by power of acting and are only found in diseases joined with matter finally because the internal as related to the disease may be both antecedent and conjunct causes they have not recourse with them II. Next which adhere to the diseases themselves in the body of man so that suppose the causes you must supose the diseases take away the causes you remove the diseases Hence they are termed continent and conjunct causes III. Per se of or by themselves by whose power the disease doth exist and by accident which cause the same by the Interposition of some other thing IIII. Privative which act by absence and Positive which work by their presence V. Comon and Proper VI. Finally external and internal of which we shal treat hereafter IIII. The differences of diseases are either Essential and primary of which and their cure we shal treat in the fift book or Acidental which are taken from the Number Magnitude Duration Manner Event Order Subject Causes Seasons of the yeare and Place For I. In respect of Number a disease is either 1. One which possesses but one part or many parts but without any Interruption which is either simple which is joyned with no other disease and hath the simple nature of one only sort or compounded which consists of many diseases concurring in the same part whether they be of the same kind or not and in Case it be joined with the Cause or some grievous symptom t is termed Comitatus as that Solitary which has neither the cause nor any grievous symptom joined with it 2. Many one of which is not in the same part which is possest by another and these either hurt a common action and are called Complicati or Impliciti or one contributes somewhat to the generation of another and they are termed Connexi 3. By Sympathy which falls out when either a part receives some humor or vapor from another place or when it is forced to receive a matter of which it ought to be free or when the spirit a necessary Instrument to the souls actions is hindred of its influxe or when matter necessary to the action is denied this happens either by reason of the sympathy of the parts which is either of the kind or of continuity by the nerves and membranes of which Senertus treats elegantly in the 39. page of his Paralipomena or of one work or of neighbourhood or by reason of their strength and weakness hence comes either a Diadosis of the Humor passing from a noble to an ignoble part or a Metastasis from an ignoble to a noble 4. Disjoned which being fixed in disjoined parts do neither hurt the same action nor confer any thing to the mutual generation one of another II. In respect of Magnitude Diseases are 1. Smal which hurt the Action less than those sort of diseases are commonly wont to do or stick in the more Ignoble parts 2. Great which either hurt a Constitution and part very necessary to life or Goe very far from the natural state or have some bad quality annexed or they deject some faculty by hurt of which the life is endangered or they take up a large place III. In respect of Duration diseases are 1. Long which move slowly 2. Short which moves quick 3. Continentes which are alwaies moved with one and the same motion til they are quite ended 4. Continui which continually afflict but are heightned and abated at certaine intervals of time 5. Intermittentes which have periods and Fits and therein their several Modes and figures 6. Acute which are terminated on the fourteenth day peracuti on the seventh day Perperacuti on the fourth day Acuti ex decidentia which are terminated on the forryeth day 7. Critical which are finished by some great mutation by evacuation or translation 8. Not critical which are ended by diminishing peece meale IIII. In respect of the Manners or Conditions they are 1. Benigni gentle wel affacted having no greivous symptom besides nature 2. Maligni malignant which have somewhat of an occult pravity 3. Pestilential which come by Intection V. In respect of the event they are 1. Healthy which end to health 2. Doubtful of which many are saved and many die 3. Deadly which kil alwaies or for the most part either because they destroy that action by which life consists or proceed from matter which wil not admit Coction or because their Focus is so far of that medicaments cannot reach so far without loosening their strength VI. In respect of their order they are 1. Ordinate which keep their Mode or Figure 2. Erratick which neglect the same 3. Relapsative which when they are thought to be quite finished returne againe VII In respect of their subject they are 1. Vniversal which afflict the whole Body 2 Particular which molest one or more parts 3. Cognati which are suitable to the temperament constitution of Body Age Season of yeare c. 4. Minus cogniti less of kin which are contrary thereunto they are of Men Women Infants Boyes Young Men Old men VIII In respect of the Causes they are 1. Exquisite or legitimate which spring from one simple Cause 2. Spurious or bastard which proceed from mixt humors 3. Haereditory which spring from fault of the seed or mothers blood 4 Conjenit which happen from the first original through fault of right shaping though the Parents had not the same disease 5 Adventitious which come by some accident 6 Fientes which though produced cannot exist without the matter continue 7 Facti which abide the causes being removed IX In respect of the time of the yeare they are Spring sickness Summer sickness Autumn sickness and Winter sickness X. In respect of place they are 1. Sporadick which being of different sorts do assault sundry persons at the same time and in the same place 2. Common or Pandemial which either are never but in one Country only or which somtimes in one somtimes in many places afflicts many together 3. Epidemii Epidemick or vulgar which at some certain time now in some one Country other whiles in many do infest many folks at the same time and they are for the most part pestilential Chap. 2. Of the Diagnostick Signs of a Disease THe Diagnostick Signs of a Disease do respect 1. The Disease in it self 2. Its times 3. The Parts affected 4. The Differences of the Disease 5. And lastly all these together And they are either common to many and divers persons or proper to one Disease which are either inseparable or proper and inseparable together or Pathognomonick and Essential to the Disease and recurrent therewith or Assident and supervenient I. A Disease in it self is known 1. From things Essentially inherent in External Diseases most easily without help of any other signs in internals
by the mediation of other Signs 2. From the Causes which are either present or have preceded 3. From the Bodies Disposition which depends upon Hereditariness Age Sex Kind of Life Dyer and Evacuations omitted 4. From Actions Natural Vital Animal which are hurt abolished diminished depraved and that suddenly or slowly 5. From things voided forth viz. Urine Dung Swear Spittle c. 6. From the Qualities of the Body changed color smel c. which yet do signifie rather the Cause than the Disease II. The Times of the Disease whose knowledg is necessary were it but in respect of the state when if ever the signs of perfect Coction appear and good Crises do happen are known 1. By the Idea of the Disease be it long or short 2. From the time of Year Dyer Countrey Temperament Strength c. Hot things are the Causes of hot and acute Diseases Patients strength in a disease not deadly signifies a short disease it shews 't will last long 3. From the Mutations of the fits in which their Anticipation coming later duration and vehemence are to be observed of which also see Authors 4. From the Symptomes of Diseases which are light at the beginning strong and fiercest in the state 5. By Coction and Crudity which is either proper to one kind of diseases as spittle in the Pleurisie or common to many III. The Parts affected are known 1. From the Causis Things taken in done Retained Excluded and incident from without Some are more apt to one part than another also at some season the Lungs are chiefly insested other whiles the Stomach c. 2 From things Essentially inherent or by propriety of the Part and the diseases inherent in the parts 3. From the Actions hurt unless they be hurt by some external accident especially by pain of which we shal treat hereafter in a peculiar Chapter 4. From things voided forth in which substance quantity quality and Mixture are to be observed 5. From qualities changed IV. The Signs of the first and Essential Differences of Diseases shal be explained in the fift Book in respect of the accidental which we have above propounded Observe I. Touching Diseases by Sympathy 1 That they encrease or decrease with the Primary Disease and are deserted by the Primary 2. That they infest not continually by certain fits unless matter be continually supplied 3. By things helping or hurting applied to the other they are helpt or hurt II. Touching acute Diseases that they from the very beginning and the first three daies are extreamly burdensom to the sick and have grievous symptomes because they proceed from hot sharp thin and movable Humors which vehemently provoke Nature III. Concerning malignant diseases 1. That they arise from Causes both external and internal which are offensive by their whol substance 2. That in them the Patient is frequently unquiet though he cannot tel of any vehement or dangerous symptom that in the beginning the Patient is often held with a deep sleep is not eased by sweats or other Evacuations shivers grows hot bleeds at Nose without any appearing Cause but in other respects they seem troubled with a slow Feaver with signs as it were of Recovery and upon a light occasion faint away They talk continually and their Tongue is black and rough 3. That the same diseases after a light Remission the malignity having spred it self through the Humors are most suddenly and vehemently exasperated 4. That in them the paines which were do remit and abate without either Excretion or Riseing the pulse in respect of the feverish Heate haveing an unwonted parvity with Inequality and Frequency V. All those promiscuously regarding signs are afforded by the differences of Urines and Pulses I. The differences of Vrines are taken from their Consistence Quantity Quality things mixed with and contained therein 1. As for what concerns the Consistence Thin urine argues too much drinking a strong obstruction of the Kidnies and Uriters and want of natural heat proceeding only from distemper Defect of that salt which is wont to be resolved out of the meat Thick argues oppression of the heat by abundance of Humors indifferent shewes vigorous Heat an exquisite digestion of the stomach Liver and veins Cleare and transparent perfect concoction goodness of Humors whence afterwards it makes a sediment Troubled proceeding from the cold of the aire and admitting amendment by the fires Heat in continual Fevers argues a rudiment of Coction Troubled which is made so shewes diseases of the Kidneyes or bladder plenty of crude thick and clammy humors out of which many thick flatulencies being produced they are mixed with the Urine and hinder the matter from descending sudden obstruction of the Liver Spleen Reines c. Solution if it happen suddenly Confused which is in all parts alike and hath no Hypostasis shewes diseases in the veins and properly confusion corruption putrefaction of the Blood and Humors which are in the greater veines and therefore 't is only observed in fevers and those continual and malignant Fatty defilement of the alimentary Humor which flowes into the parts so that it cannot be converted into their substance whereupon dissolution followes II. As for the Quantity much signifies immodreate drink diuretick Medicaments cold distemper and cold pressing and squeezing forth moist diet Heat of the Kidneyes attracting water shut up in some place resolving of the Body into liquor either of its own accord or by force of Heat to which fatness is joyned Little shewes little or hard drink overgreat sweates plentyful stooles obstruction of the Kidnyes Ureters Bladders Neck and Bladder vehemency of feverish heat the drinks turning to the bodies nutriment which sometimes happens to such as are in away of recovery from some disease III. In respect of the smell fragrant Urine intimates the use of Terpentine Musk Benzoin c. For from internal causes such Urines can hardly proceed Stinking Vrine argues eateing of rotten cheese garlick an Ulcer of the Kidnies Privities neck of the bladder putrefaction of humors if it be fresh of the Substance if an old stench IIII. In respect of color white urine if thin and transparent argues plenty and thinness of drink strong obstruction of the Mesentery Liver or kidnies great imbecillity of digestion defect of color and somtimes the ascent thereof to the belly Head or some part in the Habit of the body if thick obscure or like milk it argues abundance of thick flegm Red and withal transparent argues Heat of the Liver or a fever if thick and yellowish it argues the mixture of yellow or vitelline choler a phlegmon of the Liver or an exquisite scirrhus Safron-color'd argues the use of Rhubarb Safron or Fenel obstruction of the Gall-bladder and then Linnen cloathes dipt therin receive a tincture Bloody shewes the weakness and slapness of the Liver an ulcer and contusion of the Kidnies and Loines Wine grape colored shewes adustion of blood and the change thereof into black choler Green argues
verdigreise colored choler Lead-colored argues stripes melancholly and extinction of the natural Heat Black if compounded of green and black argues extream Heat and permission of black choler if of Blew and lead-color extinction of Heat unless it come away in manner of Crisis V. In respect of things mixed the Crown which circles about the surface thereof shewes what kind of blood is in the greater vessels by its whiteness redness and Lead-coloredness 2. The Froth if it come without shaking argues wind 3. Bubbles great and lasting argue gross and clammy humors as also wind Such as easily break thin and smal in the crown of the urine argue paine of the whol Head if they be al over the Crown of half the head if they possess only half thereof sharp paine if Gold-colored mild paine if white long paine if they continue long being like smal seeds seated in the Crown and moveing to and fro they argue distillations descending from the Head into the lower parts 4. Fat like Cobwebs shewes the melting of the fat of the Kidneyes or whole Body 5. Branny contents if they settle argue scabyness of the Bladder if they swim they argue the wasting of the solid sustance of the Body by reason of a burning Heat 6. Little scales with strong smel argue either exulceration of the Bladder or melting of the tunicles in the vessels and of the solid parts by fervent heat 7. Contents like meale signifie the same 8. Caruncles or little bits of flesh proceed from wounds of the Kidnies 9. Strings come from the seminary vessels in women that have the whites or some filthy Issue of the womb 10. Blood from a new ulcer of the Kidnies or of some Bowel 11. Quittor from an old and foule Ulcer either in the Kidnies if it be without any sense of paine and wel mixed with the urine or from the neck of the Bladder if it be with paine aââ not wel mixed but however it alwaies settles to the bottom 12. Gravel if yellow and red comes from the Kidnies if white from the Bladder if clammed with quittor from ãâã sordid ulcer of the Bladder if they swim on the top and stick to the sides from the Livers heat and Adustion of the Blood 13. Seed argues an hurt of the spermatick vessels and swims on the top VI. In respect of the Contents which in sound persons ought to be white smoothe equal and pyramidal 1. Little comes from weakness of the Alterative faculty distemper multitude or Crassitude of humors and dissipation of the Bodies substance by external Causes 2. Much from suppression of some customary Evacuation if it be at the same time both thick and undigested from strength of the aliments and faculty if it be indifferent in substance and color 3. Thick from plenty of crude matter or the Crisis of some old diseases 4. Thin from Crudity or digestion but newly begun 5. Straw-colored Gold-colored red from redundancy of choler in the veins and from inflammation of the blood 6. Blewish Lead-colored black from extinction of natural heat corruption of blood and melancholy II. There are many differences of Pulses that savor of vaine curiosity and idle subtilty discreet Physitians are content to observe only these three following Equal and unequal Swift and Slow strong and weak The Equal pulse argues strength of Nature The unequal signifies either obstructions and compressions of the vessels or abundance of Humors The Swift use increased strength of the Faculty as yet or at least that it is not much weakned Slow argues the contrary The Strong shewes a strong faculty and sometimes great Provocation The weak either dissipation of spirits or expression of strength Chap. 3. Of the Diseases Event Or Issue THE Issue of a disease intimates four things 1. The Termination hereof 2. The Time of the Termination 3. The manner of the Termination 4. The Knowledg of al these I. A Disease is terminated either by Health or Death Whence the Event is healthful or deadly II. In respect of Time 't is ended soon or late III. The manner of termination is threefold For a disease is terminated either by solution when health returns by little leave by means of Coction and alteration or by Marasmus or pineing when it turns by little and little to death or by Crisis when either the disease is suddenly and perfectly finished or there is a sudden change to the better which is followed with health or the sick patient suddenly dies or the disease is suddenly changed to the worse which mutation is followed by death But touching the nature of the Crisis or the Definition Causes Differences Manners and Daies observe I. That it is nothing else but a sudden mutation which happens in diseases with conturbation and evacuation by excretion or translation upon certain daies tending to Recovery or Death II. That it arises in respect of the Conturbation or that plenty of critical symptomes from the agitation of Humors and the trouble they bring to the Body which proceeds from the influence of stars and from an internal cause which provokes both nature and the matter in respect of the evacuation from the strength of the expulsive faculty which provoked by the plenty or quality of the matter expels that which is of seizure critically by help of the fibres and especially of the spirits and innate Heat III. That it has sundry Differences For it is good when tending to health evil when to death Faithful when no danger of a relapse Faithless when it threatens the same Safe when without dangerous symptomes Dangerous which springs from a principal part Perfect which takes away the whole disease Imperfect which leaves some of it behind Wel-foretold which has tokens preceding and declareing the same some daies next before Unforetold which comes unlooked for IV. That it happens by Excretion by bleeding at Nose Vomit sweat stool Urine Hemorrhoides Courses many places or by Translation of the matter or by coction of the matter which happens in children who digest crude humors while they sleep V. That it has certain daies which are 1. Either simply critical as every seventh day viz. 7.14.20.27.34.40 For whole daies are not reckoned but somwhat shorter 2. Or Indicators by which the future Crisis is foreshewed and they are the middle daies of each week as the 4.11.17.24 3. Or Intercalares or Leapdaies in which the Crisis happens accidentally and against Nature and they are the 3.5.9.13.19 4. Or Vacui called Medicinales in which either there is no Crisis or an imperfect and bad one as are the sixt which is a Tyrant the eight and tenth less dangerous than it Now that such mutations happen on these daies the Cause is 1. The progress of the Moon both to Quadrate and opposite signs as also to the sextile and Triangular ones 2. The Motion and disposition of the humors which is the Cause that the Crisis happens somtimes slower sometimes earlier 3. The Nature of the Body which being assisted
the nature of the disease if the patient beare it not wel It is bad if it happen before the state nature being provoked by malignity or plenty of matter if it were foreshewen to be such in the Indicatory day howbeit many times it comes suddenly if other things are present contrary to the best kind of Crisis Where observe 1. Oft times in a bad Crisis the patient seems to be better yet presently after he fals into a bad condition because the signs of amendment were not wel grounded 2. Somtimes in deadly sicknesses the patient being strong for one bad and simply deadly Crisis many evil imperfect ones happen in which unstable rudiments of Coction appeare before the patient come to die 3. The Prognostications of the Crisis in reference to death are unstable VI. The times of the suture Crisis are knowen 1. By the signs of Coction and crudity which must necessarily appeare upon some Indicatory or decretory day The crisis wil happen upon the fourth day If a signe therof appear on the first day or on the seventh day if the signe be on the fourth 2. By such signs as the idea magnitude and manners of the disease afford of which we spake before 3 By the signs of the times of diseases for a perfect Crisis happens not before the state but the imperfect Crisis does the deadly crisis happens also in the beginning or augment 4. By the critical signs which you had before Title II. Of The Causes of Diseases Chap. 1. Of the internal Causes in general ANother preternatural disorder which afflicts the Body of man is the cause of a disease and that is external or Internal But seeing the latter is an effect of the former or rather does therewith much conduce to produce the disease I shal therefore only define the internal The internal Cause of a disease is that which being bred and inherent in the Body of Man does preternaturally affect the same Touching which we are to consider its signs Causes and Differences I. The signs of causes are taken in general 1 From their proper tokens viz. tast colour and motion 2. From a concourse of common signs which are taken from the Antecedents and Consequents or evident causes and from the dispositions of the Body and Symptomes II. The Causes of the internal Cause are the things nonnatural Aire Meate Drink Motion and Rest Sleepe and watching Things voided and retained and Passions of the mind as far forth as they have power to disorder the Body And to that end time is requisite as also proportion between the agent and patient Fitness of the Body and Contact III. As for their differences the internal Causes are reduced to the Humors Winds and things totally besides nature Chap. 2. Of the Internal Causes of Diseases in special Article I. Touching Humors Point 1. Concerning Humor 's offending in Quantity or a Plethora so called THe first kind of internal Causes are the Humors and they are wont to offend in Quantity Quality Motion Place and in their whole substance Humors offending in Quantity are termed Plethora which is nothing else but a superabundance of Humors fit to nourish the Body which arise from their Causes Humors nourishing the body of man are contained in the mass of blood viz. Blood Cholor Flegm and Melancholly These being turned into the substance called cambium do nourish such parts as are of kin to themselves and communicate to them as much health as themselves are Masters of The signs of Plethora are wearyness because the blood not being ventilated settles into the lower parts Thick breathing after very smal Labor the Muscles of the Chest being laden with blood Swelling of the veins Distension of the Muscles carnosity of the Bodies habit Deep sleeps ruddyness of the face c. The Causes are good nourishment which affords good juice The Liver hot and moist which makes it Idleness evacuations stopt cutting off of some member Use of unwonted bathings after meate The Differences are I. One is Exquisite when either al the Humors are encreased keeping their due proportion and equality viz so that the blood be in a double proportion to flegm and flegm double to cholor or only blood alone or two or three of the rest exceed blood also not keeping its proportion 'T is knowen by the signs forementioned It arises also from the causes aforesaid Another is bastard when plenty of bad juices is joined with abundance of the natural humors 'T is knowen by the signs of a Plethora joined with those of a cacochimia and it arises from the causes of both II. One is termed ad vasa or in respect of the vessels which does not oppress the strength because it increases equally with the flesh blood but it distends the coates of the vessels by its plenty to which the things aforesaid agree Another ad visis when the Humors so encrease that they cannot be governed nor digested by the feeble strength of the Patient 'T is knowen hereby that the blood is not very good there is heaviness and Inequality of the pulse with signs of crudity and putrefaction beginning Point 2. Of Humors offending in Quality or Cacochymia so called CAcochymia is the presence of il humors in the Body of Man springing from their Causes It s Subject is the Body of Man 1 Both in respect of the Veins Arteries and Nerves as also of things without 2. Also in respect of the Region of the Belly which includes the stomach mesaraick veins hollow-part of the liver the spleen and sweetbread 3. And of the Venous region which containes the convex part of the Liver with the vena cava the greater Artery and al their branches between the Armpits and the Groines Also the Habit of the body which includes the muscles membranes Bones in a word the whol bulk of the body The signs are to be fetcht from the differences which follow Hereunto pertains the motion of certaine daies which is neither critick nor symptomatick but natural which is measured by certain daies and hours and is so punctual that it may contend with the Clocks The Causes the six non natural things of which we spake before 'T is variously dvided I. One sort is from Cholor which is a preternatural humor hot and drie preternatural I say because it is distinguished both from the more hot part of the Mass of Blood which is bred of the hotter and thinner part of chyle as also from natural excrementitious cholor which is collected in the Gal-bladder and colours the dung 'T is knowen by the amplitude of the veins by reason of Heat enwidening the same by depravation of the concoction through superfluity of heate defire of drink more then of meat vehement pulse sleep little or none leane habit yellow colour of the Body by its motion from third day to third day and that about noon It arises from an hot and dry constitution of body youths age watchings anger overgreat exercise of the Body meates
her instrument or Handmaid 2. That it is not contrary to a disease if it be simply considered as an Entity of such or such a nature but it is contrary as it is joined to an animate body and actuated by nature Yet not primarily and of its own nature but obliquely and secondarily both because it assailes the Disease with forces which are not connatural to it also because vomiting is often cured by vomiting looseness of the Belly by purging stifness of the whole body called Tetanus by throwing cold water thereupon and finally because diseases are likewise commonly cured by their causes So worms are killed by the pouder of worms the flux of arterial blood by some drop of blood drunken or the pouder of dried blood sprinkled on 3. Their Vse in due quantity time and place to which some ad the manner Title II. Of the Method of healing in special Chap. 1. Of the Additional Method SO much for the Method of healing in general the special Methods follow and they are Additional and Abstractive The Additional Method is that which supplies as much as is wanting in the powers of nature by Augmentation and multiplication of the Virtue I. It is Necessary because seeing no disease happens but the faculty of the body is hurt yea the form of sickness consists in the inability to act so that the said inability being supplied the form likewise of the disease is reduced to the habit of Health II. The Indicant in this Method is the Sanative or healing Principle in the Patient which is neither the Soul because that is alwaies like it self subject to no violence or hurt of sickness nor the Body because that is meerly passive and indifferently disposed to sickness or health but it is the innate Heat which is rightly tearmed the true proper and immediate subject wherein the curing faculty resides For by it verily the parts do live and act Therefore Aristotle cals it the spiritual Warmth and implanted Heat and Hypocrates terms it the Soul of Man which is alwaies produced and removed even to his Death This tempers and tunes the whol body and moderates al the offices and ministeries thereof reduces al excesses to a geometrical proportion and such an equability as is convenient to Nature and because it congregates and collects things homogeneal and separates things heterogeneal therefore it ripens al crudities seperates al impurities and tempers and unites the dry with the moist III. Indicatum the thing Indicated or Remedy in this Method is somwhat that is like and familiar to the Indicant Like wil to its like and cleave to it but a thing disagrees and separates from its unlike Now this Remedy according to the definition of Petraeus is a spiritual Quintessence that is to say a certain most thin and most subtile and delicate substance as it were of a middle nature between matter and form Soul and Body and that different from the Elements and their Qualities perfused with a Caelestial Heaâ and underpropped with a primigenial moisture furnished with many noble vertues implanted in the first Creation by God together with the form and seed that it might be the proper and immediate Receptacle and Instrument of the form by which the Individual the temper of the Qualities assisting might be preserved in a sound condition and the Integrity of al its Functions the Species propagated c. See what he saies in his inaugural dissertation and my Father in Law Vechnerus in his Anacephalaeosis typica Therapeutices Catholice whose steps we tread in at present Chap. II. Of the Abstractive Method in general The abstractive Method is considered either in general or in special Considered in general it teaches us to free the sanative Power of the Body from al Impediments and to advance it into action I. The Indicant in this Method is the Nature of Mans body wanting health hindred and provoked from which the Causes and Diseases are to be taken away The End is their removal II. In the things indicated or Remedies taking away we are to consider the Matter Forme and Vse or Administration I. In respect of their Matter they ought to be commonly opposite to the Disorders at least causally and effectively And therefore there are so many differences and kinds of them as there are of preternatural dispositions of the Body according to the order whereof they are elegantly distinguished as I shal hereafter declare II. The Formality of these abstractive Remedies is their ability to assist the Healing Vertue of our bodies to shew it self in its operations And they are the best which approach the nearest to the Natural Constitution and help the innate heat or no waies hurt the same or which according to nature do agree with a body that is in a capacity to be healed Here respect must be had to the strength of the Body and to such things as agree according to nature with a body capable of healing and restrain the latitude of the Remedy to some certain Subject and Part affected Touching the Forces of the body observe 1. That not only they are to be considered as they are at present but as they like to be after Medication or use of Remedies 2. That such as are lusty may bear stronger medicines 3. That such as are in a feeble condition cannot without great danger endure medicaments that stir much and that they require alimentary and balsamick Medicaments 4. That being spent and exhausted they must be repaired by balsamick medicaments 5. That being overpressed with plenty of blood humors therefore invalid they require a sudden and consequently a plentiful evacuation Concerning the Subject we must examine the Nation Sex Age Region Air State of the Heavens the times of the year and of the diseases Propriety of the Patients temper because it has many singularities in it and there is no knowledge of singular things because infinite it requires diligent inquisition into the Education Parents Diet use of the things called Nonnatural Diseases Medicaments Natural Inclination which carries with it the Imagination but especially the Customes of the Party under Cure Touching the Part observe 1. That it requires a Remedy appropriate or such an one which respects the same by some propriety to which consideration also vehicles belong 2. That the principal parts especially be so handled that they come not by resolution of their fibres and strength to decay and perrish 3. That their Qualities and Tempers are likewise to be observed 4. Also their scituation connexion their convenient sensation which rejects sharp things c. III. The Vâe or administration of Remedies is circumscribed in the Consideration of Quantity Time and Place 1. Touching Quantity when the Question is whether little or much or in what weight and dose the former is hinted by the Quantity of the cause or disease Therefore we must first exactly know what things are according to nature So much must be taken from the body as is superfluous yet must
Sweats and Baths do lessen the quantity of humors because they raise that which dissipates and dissolves the substance of our body III. Tasting does the same because nothing is rest ored in the Room of what is dissipated through restraint of food Because it equally evacuates the whol body it ought to be used in an universal cacochymia Because it operates too slowly it is unuseful for a sudden evacuation Also old persons can better beare it then children Cholerick and leane persons cannot endure it long IV. External Hemerohoides or a portion of the hemorrhoidal veines are used to diminish plenitude and for the diseases of the kidnyes womb back and hip They must be opened by frictions Leeches Fig-leaves rough cloaths juyce of Onions Centaury c. The internal are opened by clysters and sharp suppositories to cure hypochondriacal distempers of the Liver spleen and Mesentery V. The Courses are to be moved then when naturally they use to flow IV. Cupping-glasses are applied when blood is not very plentiful in the Body Their greatest use is in Revulsion They are conveniently fastened to the Armes of women with child If their use respect the whol body they must be applied to the inferior parts if they respect any part they must be applied to the same part VII Scarification if it supply the place of blood-letting it is practised cheifly upon the thighes yet sometimes upon the Arms and Back and so it revells from the Head If it be used upon its own account it is to avoid a malignant and sharp matter which is practised in the Gangren and in Callosities or Calous disorders VIII Leeches if they are applied to evacuate the whol body they must be applied to the great and prominent veins which are in the Armes and thighs In women with child they are applied only to the Arms. Article 1. Of the Removal of Causes which offend in the Quality Point 1. Of alteration The Removal of the Causes offending in Quality consists in Alteration Purgation Vomiting Urining and sweating Alteration is the contemperation of Causes offending in quality by convenient remedies And it is so many fold as there are causes or humors And therefore I. Choler because it offends in Heat and drouth needs cooling and moistning and if it be withal thick it needs it cision and attenuation if thin incrassation or thickening See the Medicaments before Now for their more convenient use we must observe 1. That Infusions are best in the water so that the decoction be made til a third part of the liquor only remaine 2. If a flux happen to rise we must forbear the use of sharp medicaments least they bite and vâx the Guâts yet may we use syrup of red Corants Barberies II. Flegm because it is cold and moist requires hearing and drying and if it be withal thick and clammy it needs cutting and attenuation The Medicaments we formerly recited Touching their use observe these rules 1. Abstaine from such as are very hot at the beginning least the matter being melted should swel with greater motion and the thin parts being consumed the thick should remaine behind And therefore they ought to be put green into decoctions in their defefect cold things ought to be mingled with the dry ones 2. Stong openers ought to be avoided in a woman with child 3. Because where flegm is troublesome there the stomach languishes to those that are not accustomed we must give them their drinks actually hot 4. If you would have the remedies penetrate the most distant parts of the body and carry their virtues with them they must be given boiled or beaten in broath of Guajacum with a great Quantity of Liquor III. Melancholy in which we must abstaine from immoderate use of Vinegar especially if the matter be more fervent than ordinary For black humors do ferment and swel by the admixture of vinegar And therfore if we are to use it we must give Oxymel with a decoction of Citron peels or some such thing IV. If divers Humors are mixed together we must cheifly set our selves against those which are most active not quite neglecting the rest whether within or without the body Which shal be done when the veins are free from obstruction al the passages of the body open the humors not far from a temperature and the noble bowels free from obstruction In opening syrups Heurnius observes this order 1. First syrup of vinegar is given then syrup of the two roots without vinegar then the said syrup with vinegar after that syrup of the five opening roots then Syrups of Byzantinus so called without vinegar and lastly the said syrup with vinegar Point 2. Of Purgation Purgation is a convenient ââawing out of Humors offending in quality but yet prepared out of the Body by medicaments which purge by way of stoole I. Those Humors are either smal in quantity or plentyful and either they cause a fever which is vehement or weak or they cause no fever or they wander through the whole body with vehemency of symptomes or not II. By Coction in this subject we do neither understand that which is called pepsis and is a changing of the thing to be concocted into the nature of the Concocter nor is it that coction which is opposed to crudity which is the indigestion of aliment in the stomach liver and veins or humors having passed the mediocrity of Coction as in yellow and black choler nor the redundancy of cold humors but that kind of Coction which is called Pepasmos and is nothing but the reduction of humors disagreeing in substance and qualities corrupt and putrid unto a similitude and the separation of the corrupted from the uncorrupted which is performed by the Efficacy of the Natural Heat separating the profitable from the unprofitable Yet is it not necessary that al humors be concocted For there are humors which are not in a capacity of concoction being severed from the concoction of the blood as in Catarrhs the Colick Flegm Hydropical water and such as offend by some hidden Quality III. Preparation of Humors is twofold 1. To Coction which is performed by removal of all impediments by diminishing the Humors augmenting the natural Heat and repairing the forces of the body 2. To evacuation which is done when the Humors are made fit for expulsion such as are clammy being cut and the thick attenuated the waies being made free and open with clysters emollient broaths and the like IV. Touching Medicaments these things are to be observed 1. That they are either moderate which reach only the inferior parts or vehement which penetrate beyond the liver and into the habit of the body that they are either catholick or universal by which al humors are purged together or such as draw some particular humors and they Choler purges Flegm purges Melancholy purges Water purges 2. That they ought to be addicted and accommodated to the part to be purged And truly Agrick is appropriated to the Head Cassia to the
the stomach 9. In the summer purges are to be given with coole things For the summer Heat calls the juices abroad which the Medicine presently draws away 10. Winters cold because it wil hardly let the humors go the habit of the body being compacted declares that preparatives are to be premised and cutters mingled therewith 11. The Aire of the patients chamber if it be too hot it stops the operation of purging physick by drawing the Humors into the circumference of the Body 12. A Lenitive or gentle medicine must be taken a little before or after meat least nature abuse the same by turning it into Nutriment 12. After a purge is taken the Patient must rest that nature may embrace the medicament and then a little motion wil do wel to melt the humors and that the expulsive faculty may be provoked Some Physitians bid their patients sleep a little after a strong medicament but not so after a weak one 13. When you give a strong medicament let the patient eat three houres after the Physick begin to work when you give the strongest purges of al let the patient pass over the time of its operation without dinenig for such medicaments need no spur 14. If the patient cannot hold out but dureing the purgation be so hungry as to seem weakned thereby let him drink presently after the taking his medicament a draught of broath or bread moistened in wine But thirst declares that the purgation is finished by reason of some Consumption of the roral moisture provided it be not provoked with a light Catarrh or the stomach be not naturally inflamed and there be no suspician of any inflamation from the Medicament 15. When the evacuation is ended the Broath of a pullet may be given with sugar to wash the Gutts Point III. Of provocation of Vrine Vomiting and Sweating Diuresis or Vrination is the drawing of Humors out of the Body by diuretick or urine forceing medicaments duly administred You shal duly administer them 1. If you give them in such diseases as are evacuated by little and little 2. If you give diuritick medicines properly so called in thick humors those improperly so called in thick and adust ones which by that meanes are made more fluid taking heed of dry diseases such as the Consumption Madness c. 3. If you give them not in bodies ful of humors til the humors have been first abated by purgation least by their thickness and plenty while they rush headlong into the narrow passages they come to obstruct them 4. If you give not sweet medicines to women least they be drawen to the womb 5. If the passages be neither inflamed nor exulcerated II. Vomition is the ejection of Humors upwards by vomitory Medicaments conveniently given and applied Those Humors are all cholerick flegmatick and melanchollick humors but those especially which either reside in the Capacity of the Belly or are contained in the spleen hollow side of the Liver or the Pancreas Sweet bread such as are thin and chollerick and of their own accord tend upwards which is perceived by bitter belchings paine biting and heaviness of the Midrif Also some vomitings empty the whol body Vomitory Medicaments procure vomiting either because they have an inclination upwards or because they do as it were float upon the stomach and oppress the same or because they loosen the upper orifice of the Stomach The Conveniency of preparation and application Requires 1. That they be given to persons leane by constitution and habit but not by sickness provided they vomit easily namely that they have a large breast firme Head and use not to spit blood nor are in a Consumption nor are subject to suffusions in their Eyes or to frowning or fainting fits 2. That you be not hasty to give them to old people 3. That you give them in the Summer because then the Humors are carried upwards 4. That the Vomit be so much the lighter by how much the Disease is more vehement and so much the stronger by how much the part to be cleansed is far scituate in the body 5. That no oyl be used in Feavers because of the Relaxation of the stomach whose strength ought to be preserved in Feavers 6. That you give them before meat in thin and cholerick persons after meat in flegmatick people because flegm sticks fast in the body Observe more particularly concerning Helebore That the body be free from al feaverishness That the Patient be accustomed as it were to vomit for three yea for twenty daies before that he may not vomit to purpose til the morbifick matter be digested That the Hiccupping which is wont to arise in the middle of the vomitings with Hellebore be stopped by giving the patient Mul-sack with Rue boiled in it That it be given in a convenient Quantity For a lesser dose than is fit agitates the juyces and disturbs nature to no purpose III. Sweating is an Expulsion of Humors by the pores of the Skin al the body over caused by sudorifick Medicaments conveniently administred Touching the Medicaments observe That they have a greater tenuity or subtilty of parts than Diureticks have That they cause sweat by turning the Humors into vapors and thrusting them into the outer parts of the Body That cold sudorificks work by an occult Quality Their convenient exhibition is regulated by these precepts 1. That cholerick persons sweat not without trouble and inconveniency because of the overgreat dissipation of their natural Heat 2. Humors cannot be conveniently forced out of the Cavities of the stomach Guts Wombe and the like into the habit of the body 3. The forces of the body being weak are more impaired by sweating 4. In old and cold diseases as distillations Palsies Sciatica Pains of the Joynts Sudorificks are exceeding good 5. They are to be given after universal purging in the declination of a disease 6. They are most of use in pestilential Diseases nor is there then so much need to observe either the time of the disease or the strength of the Patient 7. The Humor to be evacuated must either be thin of it self or it must be made so 8. Plenty of morbifick matter must not be assailed by sweaters least being carried unto the Skin it shut up the smal pores thereof and either breed or encrease putrefaction Article 3. Of the Removal of Causes offending in Motion Point 1. Of Revulsion and Repulsion The taking away of causes offending in Motion contains under it Revulsion Repulsion Derivation and Interception I. Revulsion is the convenient aversion or turning away of matter flowing into some part into a part quite contrary 1. This Aversion is caused either by Reason of Vacuum by blood-letting cupping-glasses and Horse-leaches or by reason of Heat and pain by dolorifick ligatures strong frictions of the opposite parts Clisters Suppositories hot washing and vesicatories When I say that Aversion ought to be made to the contrary part Observe I. That it must be made to remote parts to
be cured from the simples Chap. 2. Of the diseases of Distemper with Matter A Material distemper is the irregularity of the natural temper of Mans Body by the presence of some morbifick matter The Signs wil be known from the following differences The Cause is a preternatural Humor and that is 1. Either collected by little and little either through weakness of the part or fault of the Nutriment 2. Or affluent either by attraction or by reason of transmission either from the whol body or from some certaine parts The Cure is perfected 1. By alteration with Contraries if we consider the disease 2. By evacuation if need be and that by blood-letting if a Plethory be offensive by Purgation if Cacochymia or badness of humors off end by sweat if the matter tend to the skin by vomit if to the upper parts by diureticks if to the Urinary passages III. By opposite diet 'T is divided into so many distempers as the material I. One sort springs from blood or a plethorick Constitution of Body when such humors as are fit to nourish the Body abound c. 'T is knowen by weatiness c. It arises from good Nutriment c. 'T is cured I. By Blood-letting II. By alteration with coolers and moistners especially such as are appropriate to the Liver 'T is divided two manner of waies 1. One sort is from an exquisite plethora to which al the precedent notes agree 2. Another is from a bastard plethora wherein the cure requires purging likewise 3. Another springs from a plethora ad vasa Another from a plethora ad vires of which we spake before II. Another kind springs from excrementitious choler which is hot and dry 'T is hardly cured if it proceed from the yellow choler Never almost if it proceed from leek colored eg-yolk-colored or verdigreise-colored choler c. The Cure is performed 1. By alteration with cooling and moistning medicaments and if it be very thin with thickness if thick by cutters Among the former the cheif are Stalks of Italian Lettices flowers of water lillie Porslain Plantain Tamarinds Jujubees red poppy among the latter the cheif are roots of Cichory Dandilion Sorrel such things as are made of these Spirit of vitriol Salt 2. By evacuation either by bloodletting when cholor is mingled with the blood or by purgation by stool with cholagogues The cheif cholagogues or choler purgers are Rhubarb which is neither to be given alone because it is subject to fume nor to such as are troubled with the strangury tamarinds aloes rosata which is taken only in pils Syrup of the flowers of Acacea of Roses solutive which must not be given to women with child Pils of Ruffi c. By a cooling and moistening diet III. Another is from preternatural flegm which is cold and moist 'T is cured I. By alteration with medicaments hot and dry attenuateing and cutting Where note that we must at first abstain from very hot things lest the matter being dissolved should swel with greater motion and that the thinner parts being consumed the thicker should remain We must avoid strong openers in a woman wth child The strongest of al are Lignum guaiacum China root Sassafras Salsaparilla and Oxymel Scylliticum Hot stomach medicaments are to be interposed because the stomach languishes through overmuch heat II. By evacuation with Phelgm purgers the chief among those indifferently strong are Mechoacanna of which Lozenges are made it works most effectually given in pouder Carthamus seeds and Agarick trochisked Among the stronger are jalap roote given with Cream of Tartar Syrup of Coloquintida and the Pils of Sagapenum of Horstius The Golden spirit of Rulandus III. By blood-letting provided the Heat be not dissipated being expressed with flegm and that there be a plethora IV. By an heating and drying diet let the Aire be hot and dry the meats seasoned with spices let strong wine be used the body being first purged Frequent use of Cappars with wine and raisins IV. Another sort comes from preternatural Melancholly whether thick or dilute or degenerating into black choler 'T is cured I By alteration with heaters and dryers provided it be not black choler The roots of Eryngos Lycorize the Herbes of Ceterach Baume Dodder Flowers of borrage tamarisk Cappars the cordial flowers Syrup of sweet smelling Apples c. Avoid Vinegar and if it must be used give oxymel and a decoction of Citron peels II. By evacuation with Melanagogues or melancholly purgers The cheif are Polipody sena Extract of black hellebore The diet must be heating moistning The Aire must be tempered with a decoction of Mallows and violets let the patients meates be boyled rather than rost Egs soft-boiled flesh of henns calves partriches corants a temperate bath of fresh water c. V. Another Sort comes from Serum or the wheyish humor which is a thin and Salt liquor by its aboundance and quality altering the body of man 'T is cured by evacuation with hydragogues sudorificks Diuriticks c. The cheif Hydragogues are among the indifferently strong the tope of elder when they first shoot forth dried with a gentle heat an emulsion of the stones of elder-berries Orice root Among the strongare Gambogia Jalap Extract of Elatery conserve of Esulâ pils of Sagapenum The cheif sudorificks are Spirit of dwarfe elder and of elder Salt of Cenâory of worm wood of Ash of Scabious Harts born prepared Antimony diaphoretick bezoardicum jovial Among diucitick are the diuretical liquor and syrup of Rivius in Renodeus his dispensatory Salt of Vrine Amber beanes Spirit of Salt liquor of tarrar Vitriolated half a scruple compounded with half an ounce of Cinnamon water and two ounces of julep of roses VI. Another is compound springing from some of these humors mingled together In the Cure we must so work that we resist cheifly those humors which most of al exercise their efficacy upon the body not neglecting the rest either within or without This wil be done when the veins are free from the obstruction al the passages of the body open the humors not being much distempered and the noble bowels of the Body not diseased Here panchymagoga or al-humor-purgers are to be used and the Imperial pils of Fernelius which may be seen in the London Dispensatory Chap. 3. Of Diseases springing from Hidden qualities DIseases from hidden Qualities are diseases springing from Causes which work by a malignant and venemous force which cannot be judged to spring from the manifest qualities of natural bodies The Signs are when a disease has rare symptoms great ones and such as are not to be seen in other sicknesses no not of the same kind When there has preceeded some suspition either of some great degree of putrifaction arisen in the body or of infected aâre or of contagion or of poison either taken in or communicated from without The Cause is various as shal be explained in the differences The Event of the cure is judged of from the
Another by Induration and then the matter is clammy and hard natural heat strong the tumor it self diminished and the Hardness is encreased Another by Corruption and then the part appeares lead-colored and black and the heat and paine are diminished Point 1. Of an Imposthume Two things follow a tumor which proceeds from Humors viz. an Imposthume which is sometimies attended with a Cavity An imposthume is a collection of purulent matter or quittor in the Cavity of of some part proceeding from the Humor which causes the swelling The Subject is the parts and their Cavities The Signs may be fetcht from the third difference of tumors ariseing from humors where the business of suppuration is handled The Cause is the Humor it self which natural heat ripens and turns into quittor Hence it is various according to the variety of the Matter The Cure has respect to two certain times or seasons I. When quittor is in making and then we must act 1. By anodines and paine-asswagers Oyl of worms is exceedingly commended 2. By Ripeners and that temperatly hot and clammy in hot tumors and soft and moist bodies such as sweet oyl wheat flower milk crummy part of wheaten bread with such as are yet hotter in cold tumors and cold Natures and parts such as terpentine fire-rosin larch-rosin pine-rosin sigs raisons diachylon simple II. When quittor is made where we must go to work with 1. Evacuation either Insensible which is dangerous not only where there is great quantity of matter for feare of hardning the same but in al cases by reason of accrimony which may be increased by delay Or sensible and in this case the Imposthume must be opened either by more benigne medicaments amongst which are Diachylon simple with mustard-seed figs and salt or by stronger that is to say potential and actual Causticks 2. By Clensing with detergents viz. Juice of smalladg of Centory round birth-wort wormwood Betony Agrimony c. 3. By breeding of flesh with Sarcotick medicaments 4. By covering all with a scar by Epulotict medicaments among which is Emplastrum Diapalma In respect of the Differences they are manyfold I. Either it is from Blood and then it is easily ripened and being ripened it affords laudible quittor Or from other humors which arises with difficulty has somwhat in it like quittor green and yellow II. Or it is pure and simple quittor like either to pap hony suit oyle lees and wine dregs and sometimes mixed with many other things III. The Impostume is either in fleshy parts and then it is easily changed into quittor or near the joints in nervous and weak parts which have little Heat in them and then it is ripened with difficulty IV. Either the quittor flowes up and down in the Cavity and is gathered into the receptacle thereof or it is shut up into a peculiar membrane and bag Point 2. Of the Hole in an Imposthume The Sinus or holly hole in an Impostume is when the quittor diffusing it self in the depth thereof the neighboring skin does not cleave to the flesh beneath it The Sign is the going before of an impostume and tents by which it is best of al searched The Cause is the quittor it self which being kept in far below does make by its acrimony coney holes as it were and draws together the excrements of the whol Body The Cure is imposible if it have collected a Callus and hardness Doubtful if much and unconcocted matter is voided forth pain felt in the Hole Hopeful if little quittor good and white come forth and there be no pain 'T is performed I. By Evacuation of the quittor which is done either by bare clensing if the Hole tend downwards with barly water melicratum or mead and wine sod with hony or by Opening so that either the whol cavity be cut asunder if it be smal or only the lower Orifice if it be great and the part cannot be cut without danger II. By production of flesh with Sarcotick Medicaments where note That an excrement must be removed as wel if it be thin as thick least it stick in the Ulcer Most with the dryer sort as Orobusmeal Orice root Birthwort Myrrb Tutty pompholyx in such as are dry with the less dry as Franckincense Barly meal and Bean meal in such as are dry If the hole be not wide open liquid medicaments are to be cast in by a syringe and to be let alone a good while By want of pain and voidence of little quittor and wel digested we may guess of the soodering and growing together again of the skin and flesh and by contrary signs of the Contrary As for what concerns the defferences either they are shallow and little or deep and broad Either strait or oblique They tend either upwards or downwards and that way the worst quittor is evacuated Article 2 Of diseases consisting in Magnitude diminished A disease of Magnitude diminished is the diminuition of the parts of mans body in their natural magnitude There needs no signs seeing the disease it self is evident The Causes are want of aliment either because it is drawn away or because the channelar e obstructed Straitness of the place in which a part ought to be augmented section putrefaction refrigeration ustion of which in their places The Cure is undertaken I. By repairing the part with plenty of good nourishment in which case drinking of wines meats of thick juice little exerciâe indifferent rubbings are useful A Dropax or pitchy medicament of which see the Pharmacopeia II. By regeneration if a member be pluckt away which is the work of nature alone only let the Physitian remove the impedicaments c. Chap. 6. Diseases in Situation A Disease of situation or connexion is the sejunction of such parts of the Body as ought to be conjoined and a conjunction of such as ought to be separated 'T is needless I should speak of Signs because the disease is of it selfe apparent The Causes consist in those things by means of which the parts are fastened together and touching luxation we shal speak in the following Article Now the connexion of such things as ought to be separate comes to pass when the intermediate parts are loosned or the ligaments broken or wounded The Cure requires the Conjunction of parts disjoined and separation of parts conjoined And because luxations are most frequent of al the diseases of situation I think it meet in this place to treat of Luxation in Generall Article 1. Of Luxation Luxation in General is the slipping of a joint out of its natural seat into another wherby voluntary motion is hindered The Signs are the unlikeness of the Member to it self as it was before in shape and length Motion hurt pain by reason of Compression of the Nerves Muscles and tendons the sweling of that part in to which the joint is slipt the hollowness of that place from whence 't is fallen The CAUSES are al such things which are apt to stretch or violently
to force especially the laxity or solution of unity of the parts wherein the joynts are contained the Contraction of the Ligaments c. The Curemore easie in children and soft persons 'T is hard if theâe be great pain inflamation a wound or dancer of Convulsion If the Luxation be old and hardned with a callus If it happen in childhood and be not cured If it tend to a Consumption through cessation of Motion and Compression of the Vessels If the joynts hurt serve but few different motions If they are departed far from their Cavity If the Brows or edges of the Bones are broken 'T is performed by Reposition oâ Restoring the joynt to its place which requires 1. Sufficient extension whereby the bone is forced into its place 2. Reposition with ones hand or by common Instrumentes or some devised on purpose 3. By application of astringent Medicaments that inflamation may be prevented 4. By diligent binding with swaths and bolsters 5. By putting it into a gentle posture and so that it may preserve its natural figure The Differences are sundry For I. One sort springs from external Causes a blow a fal violent extention before child-birth and at the time of the birth which ought to be prevented Another from Internal when an humor slipt into the Cavity of the Joynt drives it from its seat II. One is Perfect when the whol Joynt is fallen out of its place which is termed Exarthrema Another is Imperfect when the joynt is slipt only to the brim of the Socket which is termed Pararthrema III. Another is with Inflamation and Pain in which case the pain must first be mitigated the Inflamation asswaged lest by distention of the Nervs a Convulsion arise and afterwards it must be replaced IV. Another is accompanied with a Wound which is the most dangerous especially if the wound be nigh the Joynt and an accute feaver arise Here the Joynt is forthwith to be restored to its place if possible If it cannot be restored we must attend the Cure of the Inflamation to the seventh or ninth day V. Another is with a fracture where the Joynt is first to be restored to its place and the Fracture is to be cured afterwards if it cannot be reposed it is then to be restored when the Callus is bred Title 4. Of Diseases of Vnity dissolved A disease of Vnity dissolved is the loss of that Continuity and Vnity which ought to be in the parts of Mans Body The Causes therof are 1. Such as are Corrosive as al sharp things Causticks and Putrifiers 2. Such things as divide unity either by pricking and stabbing or cutting 3. Things which break as stones Timber c. 4. Things which bray and tear either by replenishing or overstretching 5. Such as burn as things heated in the fire red-hot Irons c. The CURE requires Vnition The Physitians part is to see that nothing betide the part affected which may hinder the same That the Lips may be rightly applyed one to another That the temperament of the part it self may be preserved and that the symptomes which may happen be prevented And forasmuch as among diseases of Unity dissolved the chief are Vlcers Wounds Fractures I must speak somthing of them in general Chap. 1. Of Vlcers AN Vlcer is a solution of Continuity arising in a soft part diminution of Magnitude caused by some fretting and eating matter The Subject is a soft or fleshy part comprehending not only the flesh of the Muscles but that also of which the Guts Bladder c. do consist SIGNS are needless in such as are external the Internal may easily be gathered from the particulars The Times of Ulcers if you consider them at first a watry Sanies thin crude and plentiful flows forth the Symptomes viz. pain itching c. do afflict At the Augment the Symptomes are encreased the Sanies begins to be digested and is lessened in quantity al things are greatest in the State in the declination they are less The CAUSE is either external viz. Caustick medicaments the Contagion of the Whores-pox c. or internal or humors which are either bred in the part affected or flow thither from elswhere which may happen in the spring time or by reason of exercise in cacochy mical Bodies The CURE is difficult if it reach to some noble parts of exquisite sense ful of moisture naturally If it follow other diseases because then nature drives the vitious humors to that part If the Ulcer be great because the external air can work strongly upon it If it be round because the extremities are more hardly reunited If it be old because the bone must needs corrupt If it tend to look green and black for so the Heat of the part affected is extinguished If it run with much sanies thin pale lead-color'd black and stinking If the spleen being in fault it affect the Thighs because thick and Melancholy Humors flowing to the Ulcer hinder its closing 'T is performed I. By Evacuation if the Body be cacochymical II. By Blood-letting if it be plethorick III. By Suppuration when blood shed out of the veins sticks in the pores of the part where note that abstersives are excellently mingled with suppurators lest the Ulcer should become too moist and that nature which then seperates the Excrements may be assisted Among them are Turpentine Oyl of Mastick c. IV. By Abstersion of which I spake but now which is performed by detergent Medicaments V. By generation of flesh with Sarcotick Medicaments And here observe 1. That they ought to be neither strong nor weak lest by the former the ulcer become dry the flesh be consumed bloody liquors be voided and by the latter the flesh grow flaggy and too great abundance of sanies be collected 2. That moist medicaments be applied to the softer Bodies yet so as that Plaisters Oyntments Liniments be so soft that they be not melted with Heat of the part and breed flesh too loose and unlike that wich is beneath Pouders must be put upon hard and dry bodies VI. By Introduction of a scar by epulotick medicaments Where observe That they ought to have a drying faculty both actually and potentially They are then to be applyed when the Ulcer is nor quite ful of flesh lest if it be put to it when 't is ful seeing the flesh does stil grow the Scar becomes more extuberant The Differences of Ulcers are sundry I. One is great little long short streight crooked Aequal in which the flesh is equally consumed in al the particles of the part affected Vnequal which is contrarily disposed Superficial Profound External Internal II. Another is with a Distemper I. Either hot which is known by Redness of the Flesh in the Ulcer it self 2. By feeling of Heat Pain by reason of the acrimony and biting nature of the excrements It arises from hot Air too great a Quantity of Swaths and Cloaths over hot medicaments 'T is cured by coolers which are withal Pain-asswagers
the Skin with a spot which is red broad and dispersed up and down The SIGNS are it seazes the patient with shiverings after which a Feaver follows There is a vehement biting and burning so that smal bladders somtimes arise The color is red inclining to yellow not red inclining to brown which being pressed with the finger vanishes and quickly returns A pain which is neither pulsative nor vehement and stretches it self out to the neighbouring parts without tension These signs are not observable in an Inflamation or Phlegmon The CAUSE is Chollerick blood which is bred by an hot Liver whereby it becomes more thin and movable or by nature many times because of a maligne quality it is driven into the outward parts or is moved by external Causes c. The CURE is hard if it follow upon the baring or fracture of bones It if turne from the external to the internal parts It is putrifie or suppurate If it arise on the Head or Face because the Tumor being augmented it causes the squinzy If in the Liver or Womb of Women with Child because it kils the Infant It respects 1. The driving away of the Disease to which end are subservient 1. Blood-letting from the Liver or median Vein in Plethorick and gross bodies 2. Purgation by the cooler sort of choler-purgers 3. Provocation of sweat by Venice Treacle in Elder-flower water c. 4. Application of Topick or external Medicaments which must be liquid and thin and frequently renewed The principal are the Lapis Medicamentosus Crollij Menstrual blood dissolved in Groundsel-Water and Rose-vinegar Balsom of Litturige with Camphire in Frog-spawne-Water Decoction of red Myrrh and Olibanum each one ounce in Wine and vinegar of each four ounces A Linnen bay ful of wheat bran heated The Liniment of Sebize at the end of his Book de Acidis 2. Preservation from this Disease Where Blood-letting is useful twice a year Purgation by Choler-purges Diet enclining to cooling and moistning wearing of stockings wet in Frog-spawn-water The use of that Preservative mentioned by Sinnartus in his second Book of Feavers Chap. 16. It is divided two manner of waies I. One is Exquisite to which the general rules aforesaid agree Another is Bastard and that either Phlegmonodes Oedematodes c. Wherein the Tumor is greater II. One is Simple in which the top of the Skin is colored and tainted and dry scales are raised like bran In this case after general remedies cooling Topicks are to be applied and the discussion must be left to Nature Another is Vlcerous in which after the pustles are broken saines or Blood-Water and quitter come out It quickly breaks froth with an evident Fluxion It has great moist pustles T is quickly come to solution and of its own accord and so t is distinguished from Herpes To this al other things corresponding cooling Topicks or external Medicaments may be applied til the color of the skin be altered See the Cure in Rulandus Article II. Of Herpes or the Shingles Herpes Fermica or the Shingles is a Tumor raised by Yellow choler pure and unmixt with other Humors upon the surface of some part of the body and creeping along to the neighbouring parts The SIGNS are a broad Tumor ruffing the Skin hardness pain sense of burning it makes a Circular kind of progress the middle parts healing while the extream parts break out a fresh The CAUSE is Yellow choler sincere or unmixt and thicker than in St. Anthonies fire proceeding from its causes The CURE respect 1. The whol Body which must be Evacuated 2. The part affected which must be gently cooled Digestion must be used and discussion by dryers if heat permit It s divided into Simple and Eating I. The Simple or Milet fashon'd Herpes roughs the top of the Skin and is quartered only under the Epidermis or Skarfe-skin raising thereupon very smal pupples which have very smal height from the skin like the graines of milet If the pustles are whole cold and dry things must be used if broke cleansers Water of quick-Lime and Sugar of Lead are very good A Decoction of Arse-smart and Resberry leaves in water and Wine c. II. The Eating or devouring Herpes the pustles being broken exulcerates the true Skin spreading it self in depth and breadth and is long in coming forth by little and by little it has dry pustles lasts long and comes unattended by a Feaver Thus it is distinguished from an Vlcerous St. Anthonies fire Stronger Medicaments must be used in these sorts of shingles Chap. 3. Of Tumors springing from Flegm Article I. Of the Tumor cald Oedema OEdema being the only Tumor arising from Flegm is a swelling caused by Flegmatick matter which Nature exples into the parts of the Body The SIGNS are the softness and loosness of the Tumor pain none or very little whiteish color no heat The CAUSE is Flegmatick matter the colder and moister part of the blood which is somtimes expelled by Nature somtimes tends downwards by its own weight and settles in the extream parts It cheifly quarters upon the Hands and feet being Members remote from the Fountain of Heat The CURE is performed 1. By Diet which must not occasion Fleagm and crudities Fish are allowed that swim in stony-bottomd Rivers 2. By Alteration and Digestion where Oxymel and Oxysaccharum are good 3 By Resolving with Discussers but the part ought first to be heated by frictions and fomentations 4. By Suppuration if by pulsation and pain we perceive it tending thereto Whereof see Platerus The Differences are sundry I. One springs from Flegm alone which is more lasting and is for the most part discussed by Resolution that is to say through the pores of the Skin Another comes from it and other Humors mixt therewith which sometimes suppurates especially if it be in an hot part II. One arises of it self which is not dangerous Another sort follows other Diseases as the Consumption cooling of the Liver c. Which is dangerous and threatens death In the Cure regard must be had of the Diseases upon which it depends Chap. 4. Of Tumors proceeding from the Melancholick Humor Article I. Of the Tumor called Scirrhus THe Tumors which arise from the Humor of Melancholick are the Scirrhus and Cancer The Scirrhus is an hard Tumor without pain springing from a Melancholick Humor which is thick clammy and roaping The SIGNS are little or no pain over-great hardness want of feeling when it is pressed The CAUSE is an Humor either Malancholick that is to say the dreggy part of the Blood or the natural Malancholick Excrement or somtimes also Flegmatick which is either thickned by heat dissipating the thinner parts from thence Inflamations St. Anthonies fire c. Follow or it is hardened by an Immoderate Application of repellers astringents and strong Discussives The CURE is None if it have no feeling otherwise some cure may be T is hard by reason of the stubbornness of the matter It is performed
Vapors somtimes from the whole Body somtime from its parts as the Arm-pits Privities Feet From the whole Body either because of some propriety of temper or by reason of the blood and seed being corrupted in the Womb or through some accident during the time of a Womans Belly-bearing From the Parts by afflux of Excrementitious Humors in moist bodies which being thrust thither because they cannot freely exhale they conceive putrefaction and stench In the Cure regard is to be had of universal Remedies Let the Diet encline to dryness and resist Putrefaction Let also the foresaid parts be often washed with a Decoction of Scabious Mirrh Guaiacum and anoynted with an Oyntment of Orice-Roots Lignum-Aloes Ballom of Citrons and Nutmeg compounded together or let them be sprinkled with Pouders Title III. Of the Diseases incident to the Hair Chap. 1. Of falling off of the Hair THe third kind of external Diseases are those of the Hair under which are comprehended Shedding of the Hair Graynes of Hair Dandruff and the Plica Shedding of the Hairs is when they do for certain Causes fal from the Body It is divided into certain sorts viz. Defluvium Calvities Area and Tinea 1. Defluvium is such a falling of the Hairs that either all or most of the Hairs fal of here and there in several places It is known most easily It arises from divers Causes 1. From defect of nourishment as is seen in persons having the Consumption and such as are sick of a Malignant Feaver In the Consumption there is no Remedy In other sorts the Head must be frequently rubbed that the nourishment may be brought thither The Head must be washed with a Decoction of Capillary Herbs 2. From the Pravity of Humors which Eate and corrode the Roots of the Hairs In which case universal Remedies being premised things moderately Discussing are to be used Ladanum is to be mixed with Oyntments 3. From the Rarity of the Skin Then such things as thicken the Skin as Ladanum Oyl of Mastich and Myrtles a Decoction of the Roots of Burdock made in Lie II. Calvities Baldness is when the Hairs fal wholly of from the fore part of the Head T is known by the Eye-sight It Arises from defect of Aliment dryness of the Brain either through Age or some violent cause as too much use of carnal Embracements There is no Cure of baldness yet it may be preveted and deferred 1. By good Diet in which biting salt and astringent things strong Wine too much venery ought to be avoided 2. By supplying nutriment to the Hairs by such things as correct the dryness of the Brain 3. By drawing Aliment to the Roots of the Hair In which case Moderate frictions are good and drawers joyned with things moderately astringent Ladanum dissolved in Oyl of Mastich Washing the Head with a Decoction of Faenugreek c. III. Area is the falling off of the Hair from certain parts of the Head so as to leave bare bald patches here and there arising from a bad and corrupt Humor fretting the Roots of the Hairs It is known by the sight and by the differences of which anon It arises from the Humor named in the description especially from Flegm Salt adust and putrified through fault of the Brain and an hot Liver and corrupt meates as toad stooles c. The Cure is easie if the Disease be fresh If the place being rubbed quickly grows red If the Extremities of the bald patches which border upon the hairy parts begin to shoot forth Hair afresh Hard if the Skin be thick fattish and wholly void of Hair If the Disease be old None if the place being rub'd grows not red T is Performed 1. By Evacuation of the Vitious Humor by purges and Apophlegmaiismes 2. By driving back the said Humor while it is in Flux 3. By digesting the same when it is fastened into the Skin by Medicines hot and of thin parts not very dry least the Aliment be Discussed First the Weaker sort as Southern-wood reed-Roots burnt afterward the stronger Mustard Water-Cresses white-Lilly Roots which ought at first to be more Liquid and left so long on til some alteration be perceived in the Skin Beares-Grease helps by a secret Propriety of which with the Hairs of a Bear burnt Oyl of Mastich-tree and other things before recited an Oyntment may be made T is divided two manner of waies 1. Into Alopecia which keeps in its spreading any kind of Fignre and happens in the beard and hair of the Head in any Age And Ophiosis which begins on the hind part of the Head exceeds not the length of two fingers creeps towards the eares with two heads and in some as far as to the Fore-head til the two Heads meet before It cheifly haunts Infants Herein also the Skin is superficially Excoriated the Color thereof changed and if it be pricked Wheyish blood Issues forth 2. Into that which springs from the Whoremasters Pox that which comes from the Leprosie which is incurable and that which comes from other gentler Causes IIII. Tinea when the Hairs fal off one by one being Eaten and consumed by certain Worms T is known because the Hairs are shorter one than another and uneven Smal worms thick in their ends The color of the Hair becomes like that of Ashes It arises from Excrementitious Humors penetrating into the Hairs with their nourishment and therein by Heat changed into worms T is Cured Universal Remedies being premised by Abstersion with docoction of great Nettle smal Centory c. Chap. 2. Of the Porriga and Plica POrrigo Dandruff is when a man scratches or Comes his Head and there fals somwhat out like Bran. It arises from serous Cholerick and Flegmatick Humors which are carried to the Head with the nourishment of the Hairs the more thin parts being Discussed the thicker stick about the Hairs and go into dandruff They are attracted by an over-bot brain The Cure is by Evacuation of the peccant matter By Discussion and Abstersion with some astringents A Decoction of Vetches and Mallows is good in this Case II. Plica is a tangling and folding of the Hairs into Elfe-locks or thickly thrummed and matted bunches arising from plenty of matter profitable to nourish the Hairs but unprofitable for nutriment of the Body and causing divers Symptomes It is known by bunchings and complications of the Hair pains vexing the Joynts and bones convulsions plenty of Lice The Nailes of the great Toes are rough and scaly black like a Goat-Bucks-Horn The Cause cannot sufficiently be explained T is thought to be a Matter affording plenty of nourishment to the Hairs but such as is hurtful to the Body as familiar to the Hairs as in the running Gout Wheyish matter is to the joynts or Polygonon and bone-glew to the Bones whereupon if the Haires be shaven they shed blood It arises from a peculiar corruption of the place Aire and water T is carryed thither with the Blood somtimes Witchcraft may be joyned The
Choler and putrified matter is inflamed about those parts or when matter swelling and fermenting in the Veins rushes violently and settles it self thereabouts 8. Head-ach want of Sleep Apileptick Convulsions c. Of which in their places Title II. Of Vnputrid Feavers Chap. 1 Of the Feaver Ephemera UNputrid Feavers are either the Ephemera or the Synocha simplex The Feaver Ephemera is a feaver which arises from the Inflamation of the Vital spirits in the heart and continues the space of one day 'T is termed Ephemera because it transcends not the natural day as the Beast Ephemeron and Colchicum Ephemeron a plant so called The SIGNS are A sudden heat arises in the Body no loathing of meat or wearyness without cause deep sleep or frequent Yawning having preceeded with none or very slight shivering unless the Body be ful of bad juyce diffusing much and biting expiration which by reason of the colds stopping the skin or the closing up of the secret passages being suppressed smites the Nerves The Vrin in color substance and sediment is little or nothing differing from the natural unless the Cause which brought in the Feaver have raised some extraordinary mutation in the blood The pulse is more quick and frequent than ordinary but yet even ordinate great and strong Inspiration is greater and quicker than expiration The CAUSES are procatarctick of which in the differences The CURE is easie unless it change into a Synocha imputrid in a youthful and ful body or into a putrid the fourth or fift day in a body Cacochymical or into an hectick in an Hot Dry thin body 'T is Absolved 1. By Alteration through cooling and moistening things given inwardly and applied outwardly to the Region of the Heart the pulse and forehead 2. By Evacuation or opening a Vein if there be a plethora or by gentle Purgation if it arise from a redundancy of evil Humors and some light obstruction 3. By strengthening the Stomach Regard being had to the Humor and Symptomes The Differences of the Feaver Ephemera are taken from the causes I. One sort comes from Cold Air striatning the skin Then the beginning is without shivering The Urine and pulse are little changed the Heat is more moderate in the state T is Cured by removing the Cause II. Another springs from Buboes which is known by the presence of Buboes by a swift and great pulse by much heat by a ruddy Face 'T is Cured by blood-letting by which if blood be sufficiently taken away the Bubo appearing a little vanishes away by the use of repellers or relaxers if not it must by fomentations be brought to suppuration Vide B. 2. de Bubone III. Another from straitness of the skin which is known by the hardness and compactness of the Patients skin other things being as in other persons healthy It arises from plenty of blood cold binding or dryness 'T is Cured 1. By Blood-letting if the blood offend in quantity 2. By Purgation cutters being premised where there is plenty of thick Humors and swear is wont to follow 3. By relaxation with hot and moist things temperate baths moderate frictions frequent washing if it proceed from cold IIII. From Crudity and that nidorous which is known by the presence of such signs as attend a Diseased Stomach 'T is Cured 1. By Vomit if stomach sicknes and Aptitude to Vomit be present 2. By Purgation if there be danger in Vomiting 3. By Corroboration with Medicaments whose quality is opposite to the peccant Humor V. Another springs from Heat of weather Anger Sad Pensiveness Watchings Wearyness c. Of al which consult with Practitioners Chap. 2. Of the Feaver Sinocha Simplex THe feaver Synocha simple or the Ephemera of many daies is a Feaver without putrefaction arising of the Boyling and working of the spirits and blood without remission lasting three four or more daies 'T is termed also Inflativa or Puff-up because when the blood works and boyles the Vessels are distended and a wearyness of the body is perceived Its SIGNS are wearyness which comes of it self without any exercise of the Body Heaviness about the temples and forehead A certain Itch of the Nostrils a gentle Heat Moistness of the skin with distention of the Members A pulse great ful frequent quick Difficulty in fetching breath Urine thicker and more red than ordinary The CAUSE is the working and boyling of thin blood which arise from the hinderance of Transpiration in a plethorick body which sends forth many hot Vapours The CURE is not very hard because it seizes for the most part strong bodies or temperate ones or such as are hot or moist of middle Age of a fleshy square Alderman-like constitution unless it degenerate into another sort 'T is allayed and terminated somtimes by sweat or by plentyful Nose-bleeding within the fourth or at most the seventh day unless through some very great Error of the Patient the Physitian or the Assistants of the sick it turn to a putrid feaver or a greivous Disease which is wont to spring from fullness 'T is performed 1. By Blood-letting by which the Patient is cooled and the encrease of Vapors is diminished but it must be speedy little in quantity and divers times celebrated 2. By Evacuation of the first Region least more fumes be added to the store Tamarinds Rhubarb Syrupe of Roses solutive Cream of Tartar are good 3. By Alteration which ought to be performed by cooling potions the spirit of salt and vitriol being mixed therewith Clysters Oxyrrhodines Epithemes Bathes for such as are accustomed to them but not before the Rigor of the Feaver be over 4. By Corroberation with Manus Christi perled Diamargaritum Frigidum Conserve of Roses Vitriolated of Wood-sorrel c. 5. By a cooling and Moistening Diet. Title III. Of Putrid Feavers in General A Putrid Feaver is Generally or Specially considered A Putrid Feaver in general is a Feaver which arises from hot Vapors raised out of the Putrefaction of humors which affect the heart with a praeternatural heat SIGNS thereof are Invation with shivering and shaking no antecedent Cause having preceded No nor no procatarctick unless the body be so disposed that a smal matter affects it Accessions and Paroxysmes or fits which yet agrees not with al. The heat at the beginning is not biting by reason of suffocation biting in the augment by reason of a Fuliginous excrement The Vrine is crude or obscurely digested The Pulse is at first smal the contraction swifter then the dilatation by reason of plenty of sooty excrement It abates upon sweat or some other Evacuation The Causes immediate are putred vapors sharp biting plentiful so as they cannot be discussed The Mediate is the putrefaction of humors whose cause 1. In the first assault of the Fever is either their bad nature contracted from meats of bad juyce which soon putrifie from il preperation and use of diet and the faults of the Parts which serve concoction or an External agent where hindrance of
knowen in that it afflicts with a gentle heat with which appear the notes of putrefaction in in the Urine and Pulse It is not burthensome to the Patient by any grevious symtome The Patient can hardly stir on his Legs for weakness The bodie pines away by little and little 'T is protracted beyond the fortieth day 'T is exasperated by the use of Purgers It keeps no order It arises from putrefaction of matter shed forth of the Vessels into the substance of some bowel or at least fast fixed in the Capillary Veins which are dispersed through the substance of the bowels and by its putrefaction corrupting the said substance From whence Vapors cannot be carried towards the heart in such great plenty as in other Feavers T is Cured by aperitives attenuatârs and detergents appropriate to each part We must also use gentle Purging c. IV. Another sort there is Which arises from the Putrefaction and Corruption of some Bowel From whence putrid Vapors are communicated by the Veins inserted into the heart and heat the same It is somtimes more gentle otherwhiles more Vehement It happens for the most part in Putrefaction of the Lungs in Fistula's that peirce deep into the Cal Nesentery Womb c. The Cure is to be directed to the Ulcers and Fistula's of the internal parts V. Another springs either from Corrupt Milk as often betides Infants or from Blood somwhere Putrifying without the Vessels or from worms or from Crudity familiar to infants because of their greedy feeding with swelling and inflamation of the Hypochondria putrid Vapors being communicated to the heart In the Cure respect is to be had to the Causes and parts affected Chap. 3. Of an intermitting Feaver or Ague in general AN intermittent Feaver commonly called an Ague is a Feaver arising from Vapors which proceed from Humors bred in the Mesaraich Veins Putrifying and ever and a non entring the Vena Cava invading the sick person at certain set times and ending with excretions or Evacuations It 's SIGNS are to come at certain set times with shaking shivering or cold the sensitive parts being vexed and nipped as it were with a sharp Vapor To end by sweating Urine or passage of the Vapors through the pucrepores of the skin by scabbyness if the thicker part of the Humor be thrust forth into the skin Now necessary it is that it should come at certain seasons and then remit and come again For there remains a defilement in that part which is the seat of the putrefaction with a weakness also in the said part Wherupon the affluent Humor though it be good is defiled by the impurity of the part as it were with Leven and through the weakness of the parts it is corrupted Now this return of the Feaver or Ague is caused 1. Partly by the diversity of Humors seeing it alwaies agrees to them nor ever varies into whatsoever body it happen partly because of a peculiar Quality they have which ought either to be ascribed to celestial Causes or it arises from a peculiar corruption 2 It comes either just at one and the same time or by reason of some external causes which move the Humors it anticipates or the Humors being diminished it comes later Also the fits are either short if the matter be little or thin the bodies constitution not close compact the Patients strength Vigorous or long if the premises be contrarily disposed The next Cause is a putrid Vapor arising from an Humor and assailing the Heart Touching the humor three things are to be observed 1. That it is a Putrid Humor which appears by the Urine which has in it signs of putrefaction Nevertheless it does not All putrifie at once in the first Paroxysme but only a Part which is disposed to putrifaction the rest in the following fits til al be consumed 2. That the Hearth and Tinder as it were and place of the said Humor as wel out of the fit as in it is the Mesarick Veins Which appeares both by the stomach sickness Vomiting stretching and pain of the Hypochondria c. With which the Patient is troubled and also by the frequent Vomitings of Choler in very great quantity at the beginning of these feavers which could not be evacuated in such a manner from the remote Veins likewise because the approach of the fit is collected by the compression of the pulses at the beginning of the fit which the Greeks terme Episemasia and the matter is purged out by Urine 3. That the said Humor is ever and anon transferred into the Vena Cava and the Artery The truth is Crudity and Coction are observed in Agues or intermitting feavers as wel as in the continual At first the Humors are moved from the Circumference unto the Center And seeing the branches of Vena Porta are inserted into the substance of the Liver and their mouths communion with the Vena Cava and the Arteries proceeding from the heart are in the Stomach Guts Spleen and elsewhere joyned to the mesaraick Vessels the waies by which these Humors may be carryed thither are evident enough The CURE of intermitting feavers or Agues is Performed 1. By Removing the Debility consisting in the part by altering Medicines 2. By Withdrawing the Putrid Defilement with Purges Blood-letting if blood abound in Vena Cava and be corrupted by Vitious Humors By Sudorificks which are of greatest force in this Cure Precipitating Medicaments are commended at first as Crollius his pouder of snails shels pouder of mother of pearle calcined four scruples and the Magistery of Crabs eyes Externally are applied Cobwebs and Populeon Ointment the fish we cal a Tench bound to the soles of the feet c. Article I. Of a tertian Intermitting feaver or tertian Ague An Intermittent feaver specially considered is either a Tertian or a Quotidian or a Quartan Howbeit there are Quintans Septans Octans Nonans But those modes of Agueââ are seldom seen and are but certain sortes of the simpler Modes aforesaid only a fit Two or three happen to be omitted So a Qintan is a sort of tertian in which the third day is without accession An Intermiting tertian Feaver or tertian Ague is a feaver springing from excrementitious cholor putrifting in the mesaraick veins afflicting every third day with a cold shaking fit which is followed with a hot fit and other symptoms Its SIGNES are Paroxysme or fit which seazes the patient every other day with a shaking cold The shaking cold being over much Heat arises the pulse is at the first begining of the fit smal slow afterward frequent The Vrin reddish c. The CAUSE is a Cholerick filth in the mesaraick veins either alone or mixed with other humors and putrifting Springing from meats apt to be corrupted or others fit to generate the same and sending putrid vapours to the Heart The CURE is performed 1. By Evacuation of the first waies with lenitive medicaments or clysters 2. By Vomit if the matter tend to the stomach and
must be taken III. One sort is gentle of which in the premises Another is dangerous which is known hereby that on the fourth day the fit retures with extream weakness the Urine being exceeding red and troubled It arises from burning Diseases black choler being bred by the adustion and turning to ashes of the Melancholy Humor or yellow choler T is cured with extream difficulty Article VI. Of compounded Feavers Particularly the Semitertian Feavers compound are when one Feaver is joyned with another This Conjunction is various For somtime a nonputrid is joyned with a Putrid somtimes a putrid with a Putrid and that either with a continual or an intermittent with an intermittent or contrary wise The SIGNS are the same with the Signs of simple Feavers especially the return of cold shivering and shaking after some respite After many shaking fits one hot fit or after a cold fit no sweat The ' Contaction of the pulse is most frequent by which we gather a new motion of the matter and a new fit to follow The Cure is Hard because they vex more than simple ones and there is hardly time to use help It is apparent from the cure of the simple Feavers They are variously divided I. Some are confused when two Feavers begin and end at one time so as hardly to be distinguished because divers Humors mingled together putrifie in the same place Others Implicit when the nature of each may be distinctly known II. Some are Subintrantes interfering when the fit of the second begins ere the fit of the first be over Others are Coalterna keeping due times so that one fit being done after a smal space another begins Other Communicantes when the fit of one begins presently after the fit of the other III. Some are Intermittent under which are comprehended 1. A Tertian both double which comes either once a day or twice arising from choler putrefying in two places of the Mesaraick Veins and Triple which comes thrice in two daies once in one day twice the other and springs from choler putrefying in three several places 2. A double Quotidian which comes twice in twenty four houres 3. A Quartan both double which leaves one day free and comes the two next daies following and Triple in which the Patients are sick every day Both these are wont commonly to proceed from an unseasonable use of hot Medicaments especially Sudorificks IV. Some are continual such as is the Semitertian For it is a Feaver compounded of a continual Quotidian and an intermitting Tertian vexing continually but the third day with a shaking fit It is known by the signs of both Feavers It arises also from the same Causes but most frequently from the Inflamation of some of the Bowels 'T is Cured with difficulty For it is not simple but compound It frequently overthrows the stomach It hurts the Nervous parts which is wont to be the ground of its long lasting and vehemently stirs up what lies in the depth of the Body Respect had the Feavers and their Causes Agarick among Purges bears away the Bel in this Case 'T is divided two manner of waies For 1. One is Legitimate when the Quantity of Choler and Flegm are equal Another bastard when choler exceeds Flegm or Flegm Choler 2. One is Malignant Contagious and Epidemical which is known by signs of Malignity Another is of its own Nature intermittent but with the Inflamation of some Viscus or Bowel which is caused when part of the feaverish matter is thrust with the blood into the Entrals stomach Liver and bordering places Thin a Symptomatick continual Feaver is raised There are signs of Inflamation The shaking fit happens somtimes ordinately according to the Nature of the Intermitting Ague somtimes inordinately when the Inflamation happens to a new part or when Quitter is made The Cure depends upon the Cure of the Intermitting Feaver and of the Inflamation of the Bowel See Spigelius of the subject Title IV. Of the Hectick Feaver AN Hectick is a Feaver arising from heat in such sort Occupying the parts of the Body that though it be fomented by no cause yet it continues Its SIGNS are these Heat which causes no pain because the solid parts are already altered 'T is weak at first because of paucity of Vapors biting afterward because of the solidity of the Parts In the Arteries greater because of their correspondence with the heart An hour or two after meals T is augmented because of the Humectation of the dry and solid parts freely without compression without Horror and Rigor with a great and swift pulse the Meat being distributed it ceases It also dries up al the radical moisture consumes the secondary Humors and melts al the fat in the Body It s CAUSE is either other Feavers either burning or long-lasting or Diseases of the internal Bowels as cheifly of the heaââ and parts in the Chest the Kidneies stomach and Midrif Or External Evident Causes very vehement which consume much of the substance in the solid Members raise up very great and long heat yet introduce it not into the solid parts before they Have introduced it into the spirits in the first place The CURE is perfected 1. By Humectation and Refrigeration Internal by flowers of Violets Borrage Bugloss four coold seeds Milk of Perles of Corals and other gentle things least the weak heat of the Patient be overwhelmed External as Baths of fresh water of Milk of Oyl Olive Nointings of the Back-bone as with Oyl of sweet Almonds and of Violets 2. With convenient Diet Here Womans brest Milk Asses Milk are of use unless there be a Putrid Feaver Meats of Almonds Pine-kernels Pistachios c. Broaths of Snailes waters of Capons Eels River-Crabs of which see Joel in his fift Tome Aqua Mirabilis Ferdinandi which is made of the blood of a young Hog newly beheaded two pints one pound of Venice Terpentine half a pound of scraped Lycoris Corants five handfuls fifty Figs Orice Roots three ounces Pine-Apple Kernels claensed three handfuls Tobacco Leaves two handfuls Crums of bread half a pound distilled in a Glass Limbeck The dose is two ounces with Sugar See him in his Observations History the 21. An Hectick is divided two manner of waies I. One sort is without a Consumption when the dewy moisture of the parts is not yet consumed When it begins t is hardly known unless a man may gather it from the bodies leanness its Chollerick Complexion and straitness of the Brest In the Progress and Ephemera being present the Heat lasts beyond a day with encrease about the third day the heat is encreased after meat Another is with a Consumption and is two-fold the one cald Marasmodes when the dewy moisture is consumed and the fleshy substance begins to be preid upon Then the body grows leane the Temples fal the palms of the Hands and soles of the Feet are hot and those other accidents follow before mentioned The stooles have a greasie substance among them It is
is but new beginning and then there fly to and again before the Eyes as it were Gnats or some certain other dark and dim appearances Another is Augmented and then the color of the Pupilla appeareth like unto that we cal sea-green or else it is like unto the Air when ful of little Clouds Another is Perfect in which the sick person discerneth nothing at al and then the Pupilla appeareth to be of a white color III. They differ in regard of their Cause 1. One is from a thin matter and such as is Fluxile as for most part it is wont to be in the beginning and then if there be present a Plethory we may prescribe Venesection and cause a Vein to be opened Another is thick clammy tenaceous and then we ought to abstain from bloodletting 2. Another resembleth the cleer pure air as also it resembleth silver Playfter or Parget and Margarites and this kind leaveth some Hopes of a Cure Another is black which is by no means to be Cured no not by the Needle Another is Green which is likewise altogether incurable IV. Another is that which is truly and properly so called and of this al that hath hitherto been said upon this subject ought to be understood which siezeth only upon one of the Eyes or else if both yet not together not a like and whose Symptoms are constant and continual Another is Bastard and Spurious which carryeth it self quite contrary unto the former and ariseth from a Vapour ascending from the imferiour parts and is wholly taken away when the Affect is removed Chap. 7. Of what is amiss in the Humors of the Eyes THe Humors that together with the Tunicle constitute the Eyes are in number three to wit the Watery the Chrystalline and the Glassie Humor I. The Faults or things amiss in the Watery are especially sour I. The Diminution thereof by reason of heat dryness overmuch Evacuation which in regard that it is conjoyned with the dryness of the whol body is there not to be Cured without much difficulty II. Effusion when it is poured out which happeneth in the Rupture of the Cornea and then a wound or Ulcer went before the Cornea Tunicle lieth underneath This Humor is somtimes bread again of its own arising from the admixture of thick Humors or Vapors and then the Humor appearth not to be altogether so cleer as it is wont and certain resemblances or babies as we term them fly up and down before the Eyes c. IV. Obscuration and another kind of Color by Reason of the Humors that are therewith mingled These things may be wel known at the first sight and by the very view II. Those things that are amiss in the Crystalline Humor are especially these I. Glaucoma when this Humor is turned into a Grey color It is known by this that about the Pupilla there appeareth a notable manifest whitness somwhat deeply seated and al things are seen as it were through smoke and little clouds It ariseth from exsiccation which happeneth either by Reason of Age or else from some other Cause II. Solidity and Obscurity which therefore needeth a greater illumination from whence proceedeah that we cal Nuclalopia or a Nocturnal blindness with the which such as are affected see indifferently wel in the day time but more obscurely and dimly after sunset and in the night time nothing at al. III. The Scituation changed which is wont to happen many waies 1. Vpwards or downwards from whence the incruciation as they cal it or Crossing of the Opticks is dissolved or else the Axes of the Pyramids thereof are fixed in a double plane and so al things appeare double 2. At the sides and then things appear more on the right side or on the left than indeed they are 3. Towards the middle and the Center from whence it is that those things that are night at hand are rightly seen but things more remote are not distinctly enough discerned 4. Beyond the middle and Center toward the Optick and then those things that they desire to discern they are constrained of necessity to lay them close to their Eyes Towards the Pupilla or Bal of the Eye and then they rightly discern those things that are remote and at a distance from the Eyes III. Those things that are amiss in the Vitreous or Glassie Humor are I. The Augmentation thereof by which not only the Pupilla is the more dilated but likewise the Crystalline Humor is obscured and hath as it were a mist and shadow cast before it and the Spirits also much dulled and blunted II. Diminution from whence the Tunicles are wrinkled up together the Pupilla contracted and falling down above the Crystallaine Humor and abbreviating the space betwixt it and the Tunicles in the which the external splendours meet together produceth the very like affect as in those that wink with one or both Eyes that they may the better behold the bright body of the Sun III. A Crassitude or thickness which ariseâh either from the mingling together therewith of an humor or else from the admixture of some other adventitious substance Chap. 8. Of those Diseases that infest and annoy the Globe of the Eye THose Diseases that infest and affect the Globe of the Eye are Atrophy Procidency or standing out and Strabismus or Squinteyedness unto the which may be added out of the Symptoms the Debility or weakness of the sight and stark blindness I. Atrophy is then when the parts of the Eyes consume and wast away It ariseth most especially from excessive Evacuation and over great exsiccation It is Cured by those Medicaments that humectate and moysten and cheifly the Breast-Milk of a Woman layed therein II. Procidency when the Eye either stands out of its Orb in an unusual and unbeseeming manner or otherwise falleth out so at least that it cannot be covered with the Eye-Lids It ariseth from Causes as wel External a blow blowing of Trumpets strangling Hard Labour in Child bearing c. as internal to wit the resolution of the Muscles and Nerves a Tumor thrusting forth the Eye c. In the Cure we must have regard 1. Unto the putting back of the Eye into its proper seare or if that may not be done then wholly to take it away 2. Unto the Deteining and keeping of the same in its place or seat by Fomentations made of Astringents to wit Roses Pomegranate flowers and Acacia Neither must we forget to let blood and the inflamation is likewise to be repelled and driven back If Resolution be the cause thereof then Apophlegmatisms are very available III. Strabismus is then when the Pupilla or bal of the Eye declineth from the middest so that it appeareth more in one part of the Eye than in the other It ariseth either from an ill frame and composure at the first from the very Womb and then it is not by any means to be Cured or else it chanceth from an ill custom as it is
from a humor which is known by this that its invasion is not altogether so sudden and unexpected and that it continueth longer And this is I. Either waterish having its residence in the Pericardium which is not known but with much difficulty albeit the malady be continual and that the sick persons complain of the suffocation of the Heart It is taken away by discussives as wel such as are internal as Treacle Confection of alchermes the Species of diambra as those that are External namely hot Bread besprinkled with a cordial water and applied to the region of the heart Neither vesicatories nor venesection are here to be made use of Or else it is sent from some other parts and by its weight either burtheneth too much the veins Arteries and the ventricles of the heart so that it is thereby deprived of the freedum of its motion as it hapeneth in wounds great fear and terror c. or else by its quallity it infesteth the same which is especially wont to be done by Choler a dust and terrefied by excessive heat and then there wil be need of evacuations and revulsions For the Cauteryes if we make use of any there are no cantharides to be therewithal mingled or put thereinto Treacle outwardly applied if the matter be cold is here commended 2. Or else it is not malignant and of this what hath already been spoken ought to be understood or else it is Malignant and poysonous and then there is great variety in the Pulse which chanceth especially in regard of the greatness and smalness thereof c. III. One is from a Tumor which if it be hot the inflamation in the Body wil be so much the greater and the breathing wil be difficult if the swelling be hard and in the Pericardium the motion is then continnual and the sick person wasteth and weareth away by degrees and without any manifest Cause The Cure is to be proceeded in according to that of a Tumor IV. From Worms which are discovered by the Convulsion for the whole and entire cure hereof see in Hartman The Bezoar stone is here of excellent use V. From the defect of Spirits which is known by the foregoing of dissipating Causes It is Cured by those things that Cheer and Comfort as odoriferous wine c. VI. From a hot Distemper touching which the second Book is to be Consulted Chap. 2. Of Fainting or Swouning FAinting or Swooning is a sudden and Precipitate fayling of al the Spirits and especially of the vital powers and strength with a pulse much weakened and almost totally abolished as likewise with a cold sweat arising from an extraordinary great weakness of the Heart through the fault and defect of the vital spirits of which those that remain retire also from the External parts of the Body unto the Centre to wit the Heart According to the diversity of the degrees of this sad affect so are the names thereof various and different Ecclusis is a smal and light fainting Lepothimia and Leipopsychia is that which is somwhat more greivious and Syncope is the most sad and greivious of them al which last if it proceed so far that the pulse or beating is abolished in the whole Body it is then termed Asphyxia the reason whereof shal be declared in its definition The Signs and that first of the affect not yet present but very neer approaching are especially in persons unaccustomed thereto an Anxiety that neither was nor indeed could be foreseen a vertigo or swimming in the head a representation as it were of strange and various Colors an often reiterated change and alteration of the Pulse The Signs of the Affect present are a suden fal and failing of al the Powers of the Body a Pulse most weak and obscure and so it is distinguished from the Apoplexy the strangling of the womb the Chilness and Coldness of the whole Body but more especially of the extream parts a cold sweat and therefore termed syncoptick breaking forth and chiefly in the temples neck and Thorax which if it be with an abolition of the Pulse it is then to be accounted a sign Pathognomick The CAUSE is a sudden fayling of the vital spirits whithout which neither the heart nor indeed any other part of the body can perform its actions but as touching this we shal speak more fully in the differences There is some hope of a Cure if it be only from the single or simple distemper of the heart if it proceed from evident and apparent Causes and if it be by Consent There is no hope if the patient fal often into these fainting fits and that without any manifest cause if it befal a weak body if the sick person be not raised out of these fits after the sprinkeling of Rose water upon his face and the drinking of wine nor yet even after sneezing wort hath been administred if the heart primaryly lie and labor under this affect and lastly if it affect those that are Feverish and by reafon of the great store of humors with an inflamation of the stomach and the Liver The Cure hath respect 1. Unto the paroxysme in the which the Spirits are to be refreshed and cheered with the vinegar of the flowers of tunica a kind of Gilly-flowers the vinegar of Rue and of the Elder Tree the balsam of white Ambor and likewise by putting to the nostrils wine Rosewater Cinnamon water and carbuncle water c. When the disease is hot then cooling Medicaments but if the Affect be Cold then those Remedies that heat and warm are to be administred and unto women those things that afford the most strong and stinking savour Unto the Region of the Heart Epithems and inunctions of treacle Mithridate and the oyl of Citron are to be applied Wine that is old and odoriferous is here most efficacious II. It respecteth the intermission touching which more shal be sayd now we are come in the next place to speak of the differences The Differences are taken from those Causes that produce a defect of the Spirits I. One is that Spirits are not generated either by reason of a defect of Matter to wit the blood overmuch evacuated and the Air corrupted or else by reason of some defalt in the faculty as wel in regard of the more noted and considerable diseases of the Heart whether they be from its distemper or whether they be instrumental as in regard of the Arfects of the Brain and the Liver yea likewise of the stomach and the womb and of al these there ought to be a special and due regard had in the cure II. Another is from the Dissipation of those spirits that are generated and bred which is caused 1. by those insensible evacuations that are either habitual or else happen from the over great rarity and thinness of the skin and in this case we must have recourse unto perfumes and sweet smelling medicaments and to those kind of meats that afford a good and wholsom
moistning things if it be swelled II. The retaining of it being reduced to its place either by astringent Decoctions or by pouders of Frankincense mastick c. Inwardly is comended the Decoction of the Root of wild self-heal being drunk Outwardly the Ashes of beetles of sheeps dung strowed upon the Gut The Differences are taken from the Causes 1. Either it is from great straining which is Either in forcing out the Excrements and then the Belly must be kept loose or in labour 2. Or it is from a great irritation which afflicts either in a dysentery or tenesmus against which the Cure must be directed or from the weakness of the Muscles which are wont to draw back the Fundament thrust forth after the emptying of the Belly or by reason of the often falling down of the Fundament or by reason of some cold and then the Nerves must be strengthned and the cold distemper be corrected 3. Or from a Resolution either by reason of a contusion of the Nerves about the Region of the Os Sacrum or Rump bone where things consolidating take place or by reason of some Extraordinary refrigeration of them of which we spake even now or by reason of some impostumation or fistula arising about the sphincter Muscles II. The wounds of the Guts I pass by the Perforations made by worms wind c. are either of the smal Guts in which the meat and drink comes forth Choler is cast up by vomiting there are great pains with a Feaver and these because the Guts have a Nervous Coat and ful of many Vessels are by no means or very difficultly Cured Or of the great Guts in which the Excrement comes forth the body is bound the which if they be long waies and smal they are the easier Cured if they be large and Crosse the Guts the harder no waies Cured if they become blackish See their cure in Practitioners III. Concerning Vlcers we shal treat in a dysentery Mortification is wont somtimes to follow a Rupture the Iliack Passion and an Inflamation it happens also in wounds if the Guts falling out of the Belly be alterd by the Aire and become blackish Chap. 2. Of the Symptomes of the Guts Article I. Of the Iliack Passion The Symptomes of the Guts are The Iliack Passion the Collick costiveness of Body and a lask The Iliack passion is a sharp pain in the smal Guts arising from a violent solution of continuity with a Tumor of the belly rowled up like a bundle of strings and so great an obstruction of the Belly that nothing goes downward but the Humors and Excrements are somtimes violently cast up by vomiting The part affected is the Ileon Gut and the other smal Guts for though somtimes the great Guts also may be affected yet there is no such vehemency and danger in them because they are looser and more ignoble The SIGNS are a sence of paine in the upper guts rouled up above the navel most sharp extending it selfe upwards cheifly to the right side a puffing up and vehement distension an eminent swelling of the upper part of the belly and smal guts a perfect restraint of dung and winde vaine belchings bringing no ease murmurings of the smal guts and cheifty of the upper if the evil doe increase al things are carried upwards Hence follow vomitings swellings under the ears a coldness of the extream parts and whole body with a great difficulty of breathing and stoppage of urine c. The conjunct cause is a violent solution of continuity proceeding from obstruction corrosion and other things of which shal be treated in the differences for then the expulsive faculty of the guts rising up to expel that which is troublesome to them and whenas it cannot move its natural way downwards because the passages leading to the fundament are possest with a strong obstruction or because the part pained or inflamed cannot bear the weight or acrimony of the humors or excrements by a converted and peristattick motion contracting the fibres of the guts it thrusts upwards first of al things hurtful afterwards by the violence of the motion al things contained in the guts The Cure is more hopeful if the guts be affected but in part if it befal children because they have a strong innate heat and humors âess sharp and biting 'T is doubtful if it afflict âld people if a strangury succeed unless a feaver happening and dissolving the matter plenty of urine flow forth If the hickops or vomiting or convulsion or dotage succeed Of little hopes if upon vomiting up of the excrements either deafness or an acute feaver or with the same an elevated hypochondry swellings under the ears do follow It Respects 1. The causes of which in the differences 2. The Pain which must be mitigated by things emollient and anodyne The Blood of a bat anointed on the hypochondries is confirmed to be of force by wonderful experience The Differences are taken from the causes I. One is from external things as from the âyr either too hot and drying or cold binding up the passages from deadly medicines and pâââons from the use of pease services quinces medlars c. then the business must be done by vomâting Another is from internal things of which in the following Difference II. One is from diseases of the neighboring bowels which wil appeare by their proper signs ' 2. From a rupture of which we spake formerly 3. From an inflamation which is common and cheifly happens in the autumn which forces to the center the thin and movable humors that were bred in the summer 't is known and cured as was said formerly 4. from an ulcer and other tumors to wit a schirrus with a continual hardness and a cancer which are scarce curable They reside either in the inward parts and then the tumor it selfe is visible Another is from the obstruction of humors which are 1. Excrements hardened and in this al things are more milde a long continued obstruction of the belly went before it the cure is ordered by things mollifying and fat things inwardly and outwardly applied a suffumigation of a calves Cal and guts boyled in broth is commended inwardly cream or tartar given one dram and an half weight in broth 2. Humors either thick and viscous or sharp and biting which if possible are to be cast forth Another is from wind in which glisters of sulfurious and salt things are commended Article II. Of the Chollick The Collick is a pain of the Collick gut arising from things that doth dissolve its continuity The Signs are a piercing and boring sense of paine in the great guts especially in the left groine where the collick gut is narrower carried most of al from the navel downwards a puffing up and distension of the lower part of the belly a suppression of excrements and winde a nauseousness belching vomiting difficulty of urine al which wil become more certain by the remembrance of things going before and the demonstration of things consequent 'T is
put to is discussed c. Or is Vitious Or by default of the nourishing Faculty when the Native heat or radical moisture fails The CURE respects 1. The Symptome it self where take place a Bath of the Decoction of the Head and Feet of a Weather of red sallow Of sweet water in which have boyled the ashes of Hazel Flax Seed the bones of a Weather bruised A moistning Diet of the Emulsion of sweet Almonds of the four greater cold Seeds with Goats Milk c. The magnetick Cure concerning which see Hartmans Chymiatry Anoyntings with Amatus Lusitanus his Unguent in Sebastianus Austrius de Morbis puerorum p. 555. 2. The Causes of which in the Differences The Differences of an Atrophy are Various I. One is Vniversal of the whol body of which we have now spoken another Particular which proceeds from a peculiar fault of a part In the Cure take place fomentations dropaces pications and percussions by which the driness of the part is corrected the obtuse heat is roused up and the nourishment is attracted II. Another is from worms which vex Children Another from the Stomach that doth not wel elaborate the Chyle Another from the Liver when that is either troubled with a hot and dry distemper and wasnt with much Choler or is very much obstructed that the nourishment doth penetrate with difficulty Another from the Spleen to which the same things may happen Another from the obstruction of the Mesentery which is familiar in the East Indies and for the most part hath Joynd with it a bulimy with a Lientery but it turnes also to an impostumation which so washes the whol mesentery that the Guts confused without any order do stick together only by thin Skins In the Cure is commended the Cross grass of which see Alpinus concerning Aegyptian plants cap. 40. See also concerning these things Bontius in medicina Indorum p. 156. Another is from the Heart which is in a Hectick Another from an Vlcer of the Lungs which happens in the Ptissick Read more of this subject in the Guide to Physick and Chyrurgery Riverius Practice of Physick and his Observations and the London Dispensatory Al of the last Editions Englished by me Title V. Of the Affects of the Spleen Chap. 1. Of the Diseases of the spleen Article I. Of the obstructions of the Spleen THe Diseases of the Spleen are Obstruction puffing up Inflamation a Schirrus Vlcers and wounds The Obstruction of the Spleen is a stuffing up of the thick Humors The Part Affected is the Spleen either according to its Veins and Arteries or according to its whol substance The SIGNS are these at the beginning there is Caused a heaviness of the Hypochondry a pain of the spleen from hence a humor mixt with the blood and diffused into the whol body dies it of a Livid color makes a difficulty of breathing after exercise Poured into the Stomach Causeth nauseousness and vomiting into the Guts a diarrhy Somtimes by reason of its dryness it binds the Body The CAUSE is an earthy and thick Humor which oftentimes is collected from a Fenny Air and gross meats and by reason of the weakness of the Spleen and interception of the Passages cannot be expelled Somtimes 't is heaped up by reason of a hot distemper of the Spleen and the attraction of the Chyle unconcocted which happens after often lying down on the left side too much exerise Somtimes it stopps there by reason of an accustomary flux of the Hemrods intercepted or the suppression of the Courses The CURE is ordered as in other obstructions yet note we must have a care of the Causes from which it comes the vomits do good when as there is a straite way from the Spleen to the stomach by the vas breve Of Purgers Poly pody and dodder of time with Raysons senny with cremor Tartar are of Force Of openers the Flowers of Broom and Saxonia his electuary of steel are commended A Plaister of Ammoniacum dissolved in Vineger of Squils may rightly be applyed Premising some convenient Fomentation See Solenanders strengthning electuary in Hartman II. The Inflation of the Spleen is a puffing up of the same into a Tumor by winde The SIGNS are these a Tumor and distension is perceived with some pain but without the sense of heaviness and a weight A murmuring and sound is made The Spleen being prest doth yeild The Causes are either too large drinking of cold water or windy meats as pease chesnuts beans scallions Or thick and viscous humors which may be overcome by the weak heat and are resolved into vapors which doe easily puff up the spleen because it is spungy The Cure is as in others The Chymists applaud the burning Spirit of saturn in the extract of ferne and anoint the region of the spleen with the same thrice a day purging in an external cause is disallowed anointing with oyl of rue cappers c. is sufficient Article II. Of an inflamation of the spleen and schirrus An inflamation of the spleen is the lifting up of the same into a tumor by blood poured forth into its substance Somtimes the whole spleen is affected somtimes not The Signs are a tumor in the left hypochondry bunching out as it were towards the fore parts and as it were girting a man in the middle so it is distinguished from the paine and inflamation of the left kidney which is higher than the right there is a pulsation and palpitation of that side by reason of the arteries with which it abounds a continual feaver observing the periods of a quartan difficulty of breathing by reason of the compression of the midriffe The Cause is blood poured forth and putrefying which is either pure or mixt and discovers its self by its signs The Cure ought to follow the method of other inflamations so that larger drinking after purging be avoided least the humor be carried to the substance of the liver II. Aschirrus of the spleen is a hard tumor of the same proceeding from a thick glutinous and a hardened humor The SIGNS are a resisting tumor with an ablong hardness in the left side and that without paine to which are added a difficulty of breathing a driness of the mouth a swelling of the feet uneasy lying on the left side troubelsome swears c. The CAUSE is a thick and glutinous humor which either presently was such arising from meats of a thick juice from labors watchings which do waste that which is spirituous in the humors Or afterwards when being thin of it selfe t is hardened either by the force of heat or by medicines too much discussing or by its tartarous nature tending to induration This diffused into the whole body with the blood makes it livid and colour'd and leads to a consumption because the spleen opprest is not able to discharge its office of sanguification The CURE is more difficult if the patient have a diarrhy ensue and a lientery or water betwixt the skin follow
them and make Water by drops with exceeding pain and that while the Stone is gathering together is thin and clear of somwhat whitish color but being concrete 't is wont to settle like unto Oyl with a gravelly sediment white like to scabs if the Stone be brittle The CAUSE and CURE must be fetcht from the Chapter of the stone of the Kidneys If it cannot be broken and expeled it must be cut out concerning which see Chirurgions For breaking of it serves the Composition of Salt of white Tartar one ounce and Parsty Water one pound mixt together and streined through streining paper dyed of a yellow color with Orange Pils also the Pouder of Palmer Worms concerning which consult with the peculiar treatise of Laurembergius And also the blood of a Goate nourisht with Plants that break the stone distilled taking at meat those stuffings which ought to be made of its Kidneys and other Bowels and Guts For mitigation of the Pain a Bath is good which must be followed with an unction of the Cod Pubis and perinaeum with the Compound Oyl made of Oyl of Scorpions bitter Almonds the Fat of a Cony and Hen of each one ounce and an half and the Juyce of Pellitory of the Wal two drams There meet us some Differences of the stone I. One is smal and light in which a vagous and wandering tickling afflicts about the pubes and perinaeum the which is easier broken Another a little bigger in which there is felt the weight of some heavy thing lying upon it so that going through uneven places is difficult and painful and dancing much more diffiult they piss often and the Urin can hardly be kept in which is white thick turbid with a purulent Sediment or like to the snivel of the Nose when they should piss the stone driven in the way the flux of Urin is intercepted there is a most sharp pain towards the latter end of pissing when the stone stirred up by the Course of the Urin as if it were comming forth doth more violently compress the Sphincter muscle at other times it affects the whol passage of the Privity somtimes the Nut. Striving to piss is accompanied with a desire to go to stool because the greatness of the stone from the perinaeum stimulates the right Gut as wel as the Neck of the Bladder This can hardly be Cured any other way than by cutting II. One is concrete which sends no gravel from it in the Urin. Another not concrete in which the Urin doth cast off some gravel and that either white or red which must be distinguished from that of the Kidneys by other signs of the stone of the Bladder III. One is which grows in the bladder it self to which that said before accords Another which descends from the Kidneys through the Vreters into it and then signs of the stone of the Kidneys went before there was a pain reacht from the Kidneys to the bladder according to the length of the Ureters the Nephritical pain is either ceased or troubles little This some do beleeve may be broke by the Indian Plant called by Manardus Payco and by other things IV. One is which doth not cleave to the Bladder and therefore may be taken forth more safely by cutting Another which cleaves to the top of the bladder and hangs down as it were from it and then al the symptomes reckoned formerly are more obscure there have been those seen who have carried it without any paine nay it can by no meanes almost be removed without injury to the patient Of which see Tulpius observat l. 2. c. 5. Article 2. Of an inflamation scab ulcer and fistula of the bladder An inflamation of the bladder doth not so much possess the substance of the bladder which is thin and bloudless as the sphincter muscle of the neck of it The signes of it are a bitter paine in the perinaeum with redness and heat a suppression of the urine with a great endeavoring to piss costiveness of the body because the right gut is streitned by the greatness of the inflamation a distension of the pubes and pecten to the navel by reason of the abundance of water The cause is the same as of other inflamations The cure is difficult because the affect is deadly for the most part about the seventh day especially a Feaver comming and the stoppage of urine and stools yet if it be gentler and the inflamation being changed into matter the impostumation break inwardly and is emptied by the urine there is better hopes and also an erysipelas arising about the superficies of the skin and plenty of water being made sometimes t is suddainly dissolved 'T is ordered after the manner of other inflamations Repellers must not be applyed long because the bladder is membranous and is easily bound up the urine supprest and the nerves hurt II. A Scab of the bladder is known by an itching in the pecten by the strong smel of the urine by a branny sediment residing at the bottom It ariseth from sharp and salt humors corroding the internal superficies of it 'T is cured in old folks hardly the humors are partly to be emptyed partly qualifyed by the four cold seeds violet flowers strawberries either taken inwardly or outwardly injected through the urethra III. There is no need to say what an ulcer of the bladder is it appears from the former The signs of it are scales and matter which flow forth only with the urine and sink in it and so 't is distinguisht from an exulceration of the urinary passage in which the matter and filth either goes before the urine or appeares presently at first comming forth or also flows forth without urine There is a continiual torment about the bladder pubes and perenaeum the urine also is thick and somtimes mixt with matter somtimes with blood c. The causes are divers of which in the differences The cure is of little hopes both because the bladder is membranous and because the urine which is biting by its continual running down hinders its consolidation 'T is ordered after the manner of other ulcers The differences are taken cheifly from the causes I. One is from cantharides and then if it be lately we must give milk plentifully by and by consolidate If it be inveterate it must be cured as other ulcers Another is from sharp urine which the use of pure wine and hot meats hath caused and then we must act with cooling diureticks Another from sharp or salt humors as it were knawing its internal superficies and then 1. We must empty with cassia and turpentine 2. We must temper them with water lillies lettice endive c. Another from the stone of which formerly II. One is in the bottom in which the pain is felt about the pubes Another by the urinary passage in which at the time of pissing the pain is felt more and especially when they begin and when they make an end to piss IV. The
cure of a fistula see in Langius l. 3. epist 5. Article 3. Of the straitness of the Vrinary Passage The straitness of the urinary passage is an interception of the same proceeding from its causes and inducing a stoppage of urine The signs causes and cure If you consider this affect in general have nothing singular The differences are taken from the causes I. One is from obstruction which is caused 1. Either from the stone which is known by this that signs of the stone were precedent the urine is somtimes made freely somtimes the stone falling from the bottom of the bladder into its orifice 't is suddainly stopt the pain urgeth most at the root of the bladder The cure consists in removing of the same by shaking of the thighs if it be great that sticks at the orifice by bringing it out of the extremity of the urinary passage if it be smal and can be moved out of its place by laxative fomentations and things that break the stone if it cannot be moved out of its place with the fingers 2. Or from clotted blood which is known by this that a wound or rupture of a vessel went before the blood was poured forth with the urine outwardly common ashes may be applyed with honey 3. Or from matter which either was in the kidneys or bladder or by the breaking of an impostumation in the upper parts was carried thither 4. Or from thick and viscous flegm and then the urine is almost totally supprest there are present signs of flegm we must use things incisive and attenuating II. Another is from a constipation by a caruncle a callosity a wart growing in the passage of the urine which is known by this that neither the urine is pist out freely nor the seed sent forth great pains are present t is tryed by a catheter or wax candle put in But because the urine alwaies flows alike from the stone because 't is never almost wholy intercepted by a flegmatick obstruction upon that account 't is known It is cured by things that wast and consolidate Of those is commended premising universals oyl of Mercury with a little sugar of saturne and camphure amongst which I reckon the decoctions of China and sassafras the pouder made of mercurius dulcis half an ounce crude antimony one ounce rutty prepared two drams of the use of which consult Hartmans Chymiatry III. Another is from compression which is caused either from the coldness of the right gut or from the inflamation of the neighboring parts or from the swelling of the yard and neck of the bladder or the contorsion of the bladder or the falling down of the bladder into the Cod. The Cure must be directed against the diseases Chap. 2. Of the symptoms of the bladder Article 1. Of the incontinency of the urine THe Symptomes of the bladder are incontinency of the vrine a diabetes an Ischury a Strangury dysury bloody pissing purulent c. Incontinency of the urine is a sending forth of the same by reason of the resolution of the sphincter muscle or compression of the bladder without any sence of acrimony and paine beside the wil of our command There is no need of Signs in an affect so manifest The cause is cast upon the resolution of the sphincter of whose causes in the differences and the compression of the bladder which comes to pass either from a convulsion of the muscles of the belly or from the greatness of the young one about the last months or from a tumor placed upon the bladder of al which respect must be had in the cure The cure varies according to the nature of the Differences The Differences are taken from the causes inducing the resolution of the sphincter and the time I. One is from a palsy of the nerves which from the loines are inserted into it by reason of which it cannot contract it self and then 't is harder to be cured if the spinal marrow be affected or the muscle it self wounded The causes by reason of which a palsy comes must be inquired from its chapter and as they vary so the cure must be varied Another is only from the laxness and softness of the sphincter and then the patients can neither endure the acrimony nor abundance of urine when the animal powers are asleep For the cure are commended Diacyminum Frankincense drunk in wine the throat of a cock rosted and dryed that it may be ground to a pouder given at night in astringent red wine The bladder of a goat dryed in an oven and poudered given likewise one dram weight II. One also is diurnal which afflicts the apoplectical and paralytick Another Nocturnal which is wont to happen to children by reason of the cold and moist distemper of the muscle or not thinking of it in succeeding yeares the muscle of the bladder growing dryer and stronger it ceases By reason of continual drinking for the most part it follows those of riper years to their death Article 3. Of a Diabites A Diabetes is a most quick and plentiful pissing of the drink unchanged arising from the intense attractive faculty of the kidneys and afflicting with a strong perpetual thirst The Part affected is the kidnies yet so that the bladder also opprest with the plenty of urine consents The Signs are plentiful pissing little or not at al changed a strong thirst nor any satisfaction from the taking in of any liquor a paine pracking and heaviness about the loins a coliquation of the whole body the belly dryed and withered The Cause is controverted amongst physitians we hold 't is the intense attractive faculty of the kidnies arising from a very hot distemper of them which is caused by an afflux of sharp and biting humors viz. choller and salt flegme impacted in the substance of the kidnies the too great largeness of the emulgent vessels and ureters the heate of the liver pestilential feavers the weakness of the stomachs retentive faculty doe help Thus when the kidnies draw plenty of serum from the veins and cannot contain it by reason of their weakness they send it to the bladder the veins again draw from the liver this from the stomach whence the orifice of this being emptied and dryed there ariseth a continual thirst c. The Cure is too difficult and for the most part passeth into a hectick and dryness of the whole body 'T is ordered 1. By things that correct the distemper of the kidnies where bleeding also takes place 2. By things that dul the acrimony of the humors and make the blood and with it the serous humor flower to motion The essence of crocus martis described by Crollius Baths made of smiths water drink but little of the decoction of harts-horn salt of corals c. are thought to be prevalent As Concerning the Differences 't is only one One is an exquisite diabetes of which we have now treated Another spurious which is nothing else but a colliquative flux of urine while the
succeed the washing of the Head with Fallopious his lie IV. Pains of the Head in whose cure inwardly takes place Hartmans Diaphoretick Oyl of Mercury outwardly Vigoes Magistral Plaister de ranis and that of Platerus Observat l. 3. V. Pains of the Joynts and especially of the lower parts between the Joynts which at night grow more feirce because then the pores are stopt and they are taken away by fomentations VI. Pustles Efflorescencies Scabs clefts in the palms of the Hands and soles of the Feet the Cure of which see in Hartman VII A running of the Reins in which the same Hartman commends green Mercury precipitate or the Gum of Pockwood which being given Turpentine washt in violet water and dissolved with the yelk of an Egg ought to be administered with the Decoction of Sarsaparilla 'T is distinguished from another by this that it causeth little or no itching nor doth not so soon cast the Patient into a Consumption VIII A tingling of the Ears which is very difficultly cured yet somtimes it vanisheth by the use of the decoction of Pockwood Septalius commends an Asses water distilled in which Pockwood some castor and a bundle of Horse mint have steeped al night and dropt into the Ears or the fume of it received IX Hardnesses or Knobs and Gummosities for the Cure of which Platerus hath afforded excellent Plaisters in the third book of his Observation Hither belong Hartmans Oyntment made of Vnguentum Aureum of the shops and Mercury sublimate X. A Consumption in the Cure of which Septalius tels me l. 7. Of his Animadversions p. 322. That the Decoction of Sarsaparilla made with leane Veal is admirable Read more of this subject in the Guide to Physick and Chyrurgery Riverius Practice of Physick and his Observations and the London Dispensatory Al of the last Editions Englished by me Title II. Of Poysons Chap. I. Of Poysons digged out of the Earth POysons considered in special are either digged out of the Earth or Vegetables or Living Creatures The cheife and most common of those digged out of the Earth are the following I. Aqua Fortis whose strength is broke by the Mucilage of Quince Seeds Flea-wort Gum Tragacanth c. II. Antimony whose Antidote is bole-Armenick given with Oyl of Cloves and a little Wine That it hurt not with its Vapors whiles it is wrought in the fire we must Eat butter with Rue or drink Zedoary water III. Lapis Lazuli which if it be taken either ill prepared or in a greater quantity it ought to be cast up by vomit and be tempered with a drauft of warm Milk especially asses Milk IV. Arsnick Auripigmentum Sandarach which somtimes infect by their smel their specificks are Crystal digged out of the Earth poudered and drank one dram weight with new Oyl of sweet Almonds and Oyl of Pine Nuts given three drams weight V. Burnt brass Scales of Brass the flour of Brass the rust of Brass which are weakned by sheeps Fat taken in broth are killed by Bole-Armenick given with Honey and water VI. Refuse of Iron and the rust of Iron whose antidote is thought to be one dram of a Load-stone made into Pils with the juyce of Mercury VII Lead to which are opposed the Kernels of quinces husked bruised and given two drams weight with sweet wine VIII Quick-silver against whose fume received we proceed with a drauft of wine in which some Cephalick things have been boyled Sublimate is resisted by Oyl of Tartar or Salt of Wormwood Chap. 2. Of Vegetable Poysons VEgetable Poysons or those of plants are as follow I. Aconitum or Monkes hood whose antidote is Andromachus Treacle or Terra Lemnia in wine outwardly the swelled body must be anointed with Oyl of St. Johns wort and Scorpions II. Spurge against which a vomit being premised Andromachus Treacle is good with Carduus water III. Mezereon which is resisted with water Germander red Coral Treacle and Terra Lemnia IV. Black Hellebore whose antidote is the pouder of the flowers or Roots of white water Lillie or of Parsnip seed with wine V. Coloquintida whose force Treacle doth infringe VI. Euphorbium whose force is broke with Citron Seed in wine in which Elecampane Roots have boyled VII Green Coriander which causeth a furious raving and hath the Root of swallow wort in wine for its antidote VIII Mandrakes which causeth a heavy sleep its Symptomes are resisted by garden radish taken somtimes with Salt IX Henbane which they that have taken of it do somtimes rangle and dote like drunken men somtimes think that they are beaten with rods by reason of an Itching caused in the whol body its antidotes are Pistachoes castor Rue Nettle Seed X. The Walnut Tree whose shade if any one lie under it it doth hurt and causeth pains of the Head they are taken away with a lie of betony Marjoram Lavender c. XI Nux Vomica whose antidote is Zedoary two drams weight Citron Pill or the Juyce of it Juyce of the Myrtle or quinces XII Opium upon the too much use of which a Heavy sleep seazeth with a Vertigo and itching of the whol body whose antidote is assa Faetida and castor to which add Rue and Origanum XIII Mushrums which if they be taken either in too great quantity or be not wel concocted do cause Suffocation raise the hickops stop the Urin and exulcerate the Guts In the Crue are commended the ashes of prunings of vines with honeyed water Treacle and other things Chap. 3. Of Poysons from live Creatures THe cheife Poysons which are inferred by living creatures are those which are Caused I. By an aspe whose wound is so smal that it can scarce be seen upon its biting there come a heaviness of the Head sleepiness paleness of the Face often gapings c. In the Cure we must provide by ligatures and Scarifications that the Poyson peirce not into the body Treacle with bruised Rue must be laid on the wound Things alexipharmacal must be given inwardly amongst which are commended the leaves of Mullein Avens boyled in Vineger II. By a Viper at whose stroke first the blood comes forth pure which is followed by a bloody and fro thy filth like to the rust of brass with a notable tumor of the part and whol body pustles adust and blackish in the part affected It s antidote is costus given from half a dram to one dram with wormwood wine or the Decoction of wormwood an Hares Runnet Leeks c. III. By a Scorpion at whose stroke do follow pain inflamation a Tumor pustles about the wound like warts 'T is resisted by sage water germander wormwood gentian birth wort up-right vervain wild time c. One hath been freed by frankincense bruised in whom the scorpion had left its print IV. By a Lizard which leaves in the wound for the most part its subtile smal black teeth the teeth must be drawn out with Cupping-Glasses a Cataplasme of the crum of wheaten bread made with the Decoction of
the Law 3 And sutable to what Truths the Gospel holds forth To which is added The Misery of those Men that have their Portion in this Life only on Psal 17.14 5 A Treatise of Earthly-mindedness Wherein is shewed 1 What Earthly-mindedness is 2. The great Evil thereof on Phil. 3. part of the 19. verse Also to the same Book is joyned A Treatise of Heavenly-mindedness and walking with God on Gen. 5.24 and on Phil. 3.20 6 An Exposition on the fourth fifth sixth and seventh Chapters of the Prophesie of Hosea 7 An Exposition on the eighth ninth and tenth Chapters of Hosea 8 An Exposition on the eleventh twelfth and thirteenth Chapters of Hosea being now compleat 9 The Evil of Evils or the exceeding sinfulness of sin on Job 16.21 10 Precious Faith on 2 Pet. 1.1 11 Of Hope on 1 John 3.3 12 Of Walking by Faith on 2 Cor. 5.7 Mr. Burroughs his fifty nine Sermons on Matth. 11.28 29 30. Are Printing A Godly and Fruitful Exposition on the first Epistle of Peter By Mr. John Rogers Minister of the word of God at Dedham in Essex Mr Rogers on Naaman the Syrian his Disease and Cure Discovering the Leprosie of Sin and Self-love with the Cure viz. Self-denial and Faith Mr. Rogers his Treatise of Marriage The Wonders of the Loadstone By Samuel Ward of Ipswich An Exposition on the Gospel of the Evangelist St. Matthew By Mr. VVard The Discipline of the Church in New-England By the Churches and Synod there The London Dispensatory in Folio of a large Character in Latine The London Dispensatory in twelves a smal Pocket Book in Latine Pious Mans Practice in Parliamentime Barriffs Military Discipline The Immortality of Mans Soul The Anatomist Anatomized The Bishop of Canterbury's Speech on the Scaffold The King's Speech on the Scaffold A Looking-Glass for the Anabaptists Woodwards Sacred Ballance Dr. Owen against Mr. Barter King Charls his Case or an Appeal to al Rational men concerning his tryal Mr. Brightman on the Revelation Clows Chyrurgery Marks of Salvation Christians Engagement for the Gospel by John Goodwin Great Church Ordinance of Baptism Mr. Loves Case containing his Petitions Narrative and Speech A Congregational Church is a Catholick Visible Church By Samuel Stone in New-England A Treatise of Politick Powers wherein seven Questions are answered 1 Whereof Power is made and for what ordained 2 Whether Kings and Governors have an Absolute Power over the People 3 Whither Kings and Governors be subject to the Laws of God or the Laws of their Country 4 How far the People are to obey their Governors 5 Whether al the People have be their Governors 6 Whether it be Lawful to depose an evil Governor 7 What Confidence is to be given to Princes The Compassionate Samaritan Dr. Sibbs on the Philippians Vox Pacifica or a Perswasive to Peace Dr. Prestons Saints submission and Satans Overthrow A Relation of the Barbadoes A Relation of the Repentance and Conversion of the Indians in New-England by Mr. Eliot and Mr. Mayhew Six Sermons preached by Dr. Hill Viz. 1 The Beauty and Sweetness of an Olive Branch of Peace and Brotherly Accommodation budding 2 Truth and Love happily married in the Church of Christ 3 The Spring of strengthening Grace in the Rock of Ages Christ Iesus 4 The strength of the Saints to make Iesus Christ their strength 5 The Best and Worst of Paul 6 Gods Eternal preparation for his Dying Saints A Commemoration of King Charls his Inauguration In a Sermon By William Laud then Bishop of Canterbury Abrahams Offer Gods Offering Being a Sermon by Mr. Herle before the Lord Major of London Mr. Spurstows Sermon being a Pattern of Repentance Englands Deliverance from the Northern Presbitery compared with its Deliverance from the Roman Papicy In a Sermon on the 5 of Nov. 1651. before the Parliament By Peter Sterry The Way of God with his People in these Nations Opened in a Thanksgiving Sermon preached on the 5 of Novemb. 1656. before the Right Honorable the High Court of Parliament By Peter Sterry Mr. Sympsons Sermon at Westminster Mr. Feaks Sermon before the Lord Major The Best and Worst Magistrate By Obadiah Sedgwick A Sermon A Sacred Panegyrick By Stephen Martial A Sermon The Craft and Cruelty of the Churches Adversaries By Matthew Newcomin A Sermon The Magistrates Support and Burden By Mr. John Cordel A Sermon Mr. Owens stedfastness of the Promises A Sermon Mr. Phillips Treatise of Hell of Christs Genealogy The Cause of our Divisions discovered and the Cure propounded THE Authors Preface to the Reader THree things there are Studious Reader which I am to inform thee of in this Preface viz. of the Cause of my writing this Book of the Structure or manner of its Fabrick and of its use I took this pains long since only for my own private occasions and now my being called to be publick Professor of Physick in the University of Francfort is the Cause that it appears upon the publick Stage of the world For seeing the Injuriousness of the times would not suffer unto me to make it appear how much I valewed my Call to that Profession and what ardent desire I had to advance the Studies of young Learners by publick teaching I have done both in this Book Hereunto were added the earnest desires of certaine friends who assured me great good would redound to young students of Physick by the publication thereof and that though Trincavellus Fernelius Pernumia Petraeus Bruel Zacutus had done excellently wel yet that some of them being over brief did not meddle with the method of Cureing others made little or no mention of the Prognostick signs others were taken up with disquisitions and some of them did not meddle with many diseases Moreover they warned me not to suffer my self to be terrified with any feare of detractions or calumnies That such as were void of all vertue themselves did render themselves infamously famous among such as themselves by detracting from others That envious persons voââ of like good themselves did prostitute their own fame by gnawing upon the glory of others c. Touching the Structure understand in short it was my desire to bring into a smal compass the Brief delination of al diseases in a manner with their signs causes differences and Cure that the diligence of the forenamed Authors might be joined hereunto Among Diseases I thought fit to put external ones in the first place both because t is fit to begin with such things as are best known to sence and because t is thought the first practice of Physick that ever was was conversant about them Chiron is reckoned to have been the first Physitian that ever was and had his name from the most excellent skil in Chyrurgery I have marshalled the Signâ before the Causes that I might assist the natural method of humane Conception in the finding out of things when this or that symptom is related I enquire into other signs The disease being known I proceed
to the variety of Causes I have endeavored to reduce al to the Differences both that the disease might be thereby more exactly known and the diversity of the Cure more accurately expressed If you shal ask what Authors I follow you may please to take notice that I did long since Collect this Introduction to the Practice of Physick out of the Volums of Daniel Sennertus that most renowned Physitian whose method and order I do now also welneare in al things follow With him I have compared Fernelius Joel Capivaccius Liddelius Aquapendens Petraeus Ferdinandus Fabricius Martinus Collutius Fracastorius Fallopius Quercetanus Zacutus Lusitanus Crucius Platerus Septalius Heurnius Ferrandus Hochstetterus Untzerus Mynsichtus Beckerus Hart-mannus Stockerus and others al which you shal find cited in their places As for Medicaments I have set down those which I have found most highly commended by the best Physitians Nor have I concealed such as in my Travels I have obtained from certain brave men nor such as I found in the Study of Mattheus Vechnerus of blessed memory cheife Physitian to the King and my Father in Law such a Physitian as this Country of ours has hardly afforded his equal and which makes most of al to his praise a man void of Dissimulation Boasting and pompous haughtyness of mind And many times I have only pointed at the Medicaments by naming them and their Authors that I might thereby provoke young Students to read the said Authors and least that if I should have set them down at large young persons would have abused them by a dangerous presumption Concerning the Use what it is and when the student is to employ the same I shal now speak As to the former you have here an Introduction into those vast works of Saxonia Mercatus Massaria Capivaccius Radius Sennertus touching the diseases of Mans body This work wil serve instead of a book of common-places into which al that a man reads may be referred as to an Index whether they be such things as I have not touched or serving to correct some error for I beleeve I may easily have erred enlargement or clearing up of what is said As to the latter the student of Physick is first to be wel read in the Speculative Rules of the Art before he Practice Also he is to have skil in the Nature of Plants Minerals Anatomy and Chimistry And this is that which I thought fit to acquaint thee with Studious Reader Farewel THE CONTENTS OF ALL THE TWELVE BOOKS OF THE Idea of Practical Physick PROLOGUE BOOK I. Of that part thereof which we cal Hygieine TItle I. Of things not Natural in General 1 Chap. I. Touching things not Natural that are assumed or taken into the body 2 Article I. Of the Air. ibid Article II. Of Meat 5 Point 1. Of the differences of Meats ibid Point 2. Of the sorts or kinds of Meats 7 Point 3. Of Sauces bread and the time of Eating 16 Article III. Of Drink 18 Chap. II. Of Non-natural things done by a Man 20 Chap. III. Of Non-natural things externally used 23 Chap. IV. Of Non-natural things which are voided and retained 24 Title II. Of the Method of preserving Health ibid Chap. I. Of preservation of Health in general ibid Chap. II. Of preservation of Health in special and first of the good Habit. 25 Article I. Of preserving the Health of wel habited persons ibid Point 1. Of preserving the Health of Infants Children and youths ibid Point 2. Of preserving the Health of middle-aged persons 89 Point 3. Of preserving the healths of old People ibid Article II. Of preserving the Health of Intemperate persons 26 BOOK II. Treating of the Preternatural Affections or Disorders of Mans Body and their Respective Signs TItle I. Of a Disease in general 1 Chap. I. Of the Nature of a Disease ibid Chap. II. Of the Diagnostick signs of a Disease 4 Chap. III. Of the Diseases Event or Issue 6 Title II. Of the Causes of Diseases 11 Chap. I. Of the internal Causes in general ibid Chap. II. Of the internal Causes of diseases in special 12 Article I. Touching Humors ibid Point 1. Concerning Humors offending in Quantity or a Plethora so called ibid. Point 2. Of Humors offending in Quality or Cacochymia so called ibid. Point 3. Of Humors offending in their Motion Place and whole Substance 13 Article II. Of Winds 14 Article III. Of things totally against Nature ibid Title III. Of Symptomes 15 BOOK III. Touching Medicaments TItle I. Of Medicaments in general 1 Title II. Of the sorts of Medicaments and their Differences 3 Chap. I. Of simple Medicaments ibid Article I. Of such Medicaments as are dug out of the Earth ibid Article II. Of Vegitable Medicaments 4 Article III. Of animal Medicaments 8 Article IV. Of Medicines taken from the Body of Man or the little World 9 Chap. II. Of Compound Natural Medicaments 9 Article I. Of the Medicinal Wels. ibid Article II. Of Baths 10 Chap. III. Of Compound artificial Medicaments in general 11 Chap. IV. Of Compound artificial Medicines in special 12 Article I. Of Internal Medicamedts ibid Point 1. Of internal fluid Medicaments ibid Point 2. Of internal solid Medicaments 14 Point 3. Of internal Medicaments of a middle Consistence 15 Article II. Of external Medicaments 16 Point 1. Of external fluid medicaments ibid Point 2. Of external solid medicaments 13 Point 3. Of external medicaments of a middle consistnce 14 Point 4. Of external indifferent medicaments 19 Chap. V. Of medicaments denominated from their faculties ibid. Article I. Of altering Medicaments ibid Point 1. Of hot medicaments ibid. Point 2. Of cold medicaments 20 Point 3. Of moistââing medicaments 21 Point 4. Of dry medicaments ibid. Point 5. Of medicaments digestive Emollient Hardening and Losening 22 Point 6. Of medicaments which Rarifie condense stop and open the mouths of the Vessels ibid. Point 7. Of Attenuating Aperient and incrassating medicaments 23 Point 8. Of Obstructive and Deobstructive medicaments ibid. Point 9. Of Anodines and Narcoticks 24 Article II. Of medicaments which cause motion ibid. Article III. Of medicines which generate somewhat ibid. Point 1. Of Ripeners Quittor-breeders and Flesh restorers ibid. Point 2. Of Sodderers and Scar-bringers 25 Point 3. Of milk and Seed-breeders ibid. Article IV. Of corrupting medicaments ibid. Article V. Of medicaments which take somewhat away 26 Point 1. Of purging medicaments ibid. Point 2. Of Vomitories and Diureticks 28 Point 3. Of Hydroticks and Diaphoreticks ibid. Point 4. Of medicaments which purge the Brain 29 Point 5. Of Expectorators ibid. Chap. VI. Of medicaments denominated from the parts of the body ibid. Article I. Of Cephalick medicaments ibid. Point 1. Of Cephalick medicaments which are hot ibid. Point 2. Of cooling Cephalick medicaments 30 Article II. Of Ophthalmick medicaments ibid. Article III. Of Chest medicaments 31 Point 1. Of Heating brest Medicaments ibid. Point 2. Of cooling Chest medicaments ibid. Article IV. Of Cardiac or Heart-Medicines ibid. Point 1. Of Heating
Humors are happily digested in the whol body the whol body and especially the Bowels are sweetly moistened and the body is made generally stronger cards are removed anger appeased and the mind made more peaceful immoderate Evacuations saving sweat are suppressed and especially sleep is good for Old people Contrarily Immoderate Sleep obscures the spirits and makes them sluggish and stupefies the mind and Memory and blunts the Edge of Natural heat by augmenting crude humors and stopping the Issue of such as are superfluous Also sleep which is taken after the body is any waies Emptied does dry and extenuate the same IV. Also Watchings are either moderate or Immoderate The former excite the spirits and render them more lively distribute the spirits and heat into al parts of the Body help the distribution of Aliment and further the Expulsion of Excrements But Immoderate watchings consume and dissipate the spirits especially the Animal and dry the whol body especially the brain encrease Choler sharpen and enflame the same and in conclusion the heat being dissipated they cause cold Diseases Chap 3. Of Non-Natural things Externally used NOn-Natural things Externally used are Bathes Oyntments Frictions and Garments I. Touching Bathes observe I. That they alter as much as the Aire it self but diversly according to the difference of Temperatures and there is in them more Artifice than in the Air. II. That they frequently and very much hurt Cheifly persons not used to them Plethorick persons such as are Cacochymical have Catarrhs are subject to Inflamations and Erycipelas III. That they are made either of Liquors as fresh water Medicinal Fountains Decoctions of Herbs Oyl milk Wine c. Or of Vapors or of some solid substance which is hot as sand Salt Pressings of Grapes IV. The Vapors of fresh water Heats first moistens relaxes afterwards Melt congealed liquors and procures sweat finally by long use it dries V. Fresh Water hot of it self Moistens but at the first it heates afterwards the hot Vapors breathing forth it cools attenuates and dries Luke-warm or such as is moderately warm Cools such as are over hot heates those that are overcold and withal Relaxes and used an indifferent time it fattens and digests the Excrements beneath the Skin and by long tarriance therein it resolves and discusses them wherefore to hot leane Natures and to such whose heat is biting it is good being tarried in an indifferent while also for Melancholick persons Hectical persons such as have dry Feavers and are thirsty also it chases away wearyness Mitigates pains is good for Diseases of the Skin Cold Water cooles but withal stops the passages makes the Skin hard and compact strengthens the whole Body recalls heat into the lower parts of the Body by which means it helps Concoction and is a good Remedy against hurts springing from external Causes if we use it moderately and rightly It is bad for such as grow use not good diet nor exercise or are inclined to crudâties and stoppages and breed sharp vapors VIII Artificial Baths are to be judged of by their Ingredients IX Waters of Medicinal Wels do alter the parts according to their Quality so that the Sulphureous do dry heat and resolve the Nitrous do dry and clense c. See of them Fallopius Mercurialis and Baccius II. As for what concerns Anointings they were anciently used before and after bathing as is every where apparent in Galen But because they are now grown out of use I shal therefore say nothing of them See Galen in the second Book of the Faculties of simple Medicaments Chap. 2. and 4. Also in the seventh Book of his Method of Curing Chap. 6. and Mercurialis in the first Book and 8. Chapter of his Gymnasticks III. The effects of Friction or Rubbing are various according to the Differences thereof 1. Hard friction hardens the Body contracts the flesh and makes it compact 2. Soft Softens Loosens and dissolves the same 3. A middle Sort has an effect between both 4. Much Rubbing lessens the Flesh dissolves the same and Causes leanness 5. Little leavs it in the same Quantity it was in 6. Indifferent encreases the flesh 7. Morning friction is best used after the voidance of the common superfluities of the Body being useful for such as are dried and find a wearysomness upon them Evening Friction is good for wearyed dried persons and such as nourish not IV. Hippocrates treats of Garments where he speaks of the ambient Aire in the sixth Book of his Epidemicks I conceive best to place the consideration thereof among things externally applied to the body Al Garments in general do in some measure heat the body both by keeping off the cold Air and keeping in the steams of the body and introducing a true and genuine Heat The effect of Cloaths varies according to their Differences 1. Silk-Taffaties and Grogarans do heat and because they are soft and tender they soften 2. Plush and Velvet by how much they are deeper and richer so much the more they heat 3. A woolly garment heates and dries much 4. A Garment of Skin if ful of hairs is warmest of al other 5. A Scarlet garment cals forth the spirits and Humors with which it has Analogy from the Centre to the Circumference and therefore is accounted hot 6. A Perfumed Garment hurts an hot brain and breeds the Head-ach 7. A Linnen Garment whitened with Lime does bite the Skin and Causes an Itch. 8. An Hempen Garment is more dry than one of Linnen Chap. 4. Of Non-Natural things which are voided and retained NOn-Natural things which are voided and retained are both those which in the nourishment of the Body Nature retaines to restore the decaied substance thereof as also those parts which she separates and voids forth as unprofitable Touching them observe in general I. That Excrements do vary according to the Concoctions Some are simply such as Urin internal Vapors fumes Dandrifs Sweate Moisture Ichor Tears Flegm in the Eyes Menstrual blood Hemorrhoid-blood spittle Snivel Pose Droppings of the Nose Eare-Wax Dung some are for the sake of Children as Miske Seed Mothers-blood II. That they are necessary in point of health which continues in good case if they be conveniently voided but is prejudiced if they be either retained or unseasonably voided forth Particularly three of them are most confiderable Viz. Excrements of the Belly Vrin and Venereal I. The Excrements of the belly if they are often voided and carry with them the Vitious Humors and so lighten the Body they confirme health if too frequently and too long the body is defrauded of necessary Aliment and begins to pine away the forces of the body are weakened and many times the guts are as it were shaved If not in due time they hinder digestion by putrid vapors hurt a weak head and breed molestation to other parts of the Body II. The Vrine if too long kept in does not only burthen the bladder and neighboring parts but oftentimes does so stretch the same
that it cannot afterwards contract it self And in case the Reins do not draw unto themselves the Wheyish moisture remains mixed with the bood and being spread al over the Body it affords matter for the Dropsie and Cachexy III. Seed unseasonably retained causes heavyness of the whol body and if it be corrupted it Causes most greivous accidents being voided in too great a Quantity it dissipates the natural heat weekens the whole Body heaps up crudities hurts the Nerves brings the Palsie and weakness of the mind Title II. Of the Method of preserving Health Chap. I. Of preservation of Health in general THe Method of preserving Health is a Doctrine which prescribes rules how to use the Non-Natural things in such manner as to preserve the body in health The End thereof is therefore the Conservation of Health which consists in Preservation of the temper of the whol body and a I its parts and of their specifical proprieties and occult qualities and of the due shape of the Organick parts and of that unity which is common to hoth Those Precepts are either most General General or Special I. The most General are as it were common principles by which convenient diet is governed and they are these following I. That whatever is according to Nature must be preserved II. That we must alwaies aime at a Mediocrity For too much of any thing is an Enemy to nature which Phocylides excellently expressed Eate and drink and discourse with moderation Moderation is the best thing in the world and Excess is destructive III. That sudden changes are to be avoided For much at once or suddenly to empty or fil to heat or cool or any other waies to alter the body is dangerous as Hippocrates has it in his second book Aphorisme 51. IV. We must not lightly alter Custom For Custom is a new nature and things to which we have been long time accustomed though bad are not so troublesome as those to which we have not been used as Hippocrates in his 50. Aphorisme of the second Book instructs us Now after what manner Custome is a new Nature and what power it has over our actions natural vital and animal and over the parts of our bodies see in Renatus Moreau upon the 15. Chapter of Schola Salerni p. 215. and Senertus in his Paralipomena page 48. V. Bodies perfectly in health must be cherished with things like such as recede from the exact state of Health ought by little and little modrately to be reduced to a contrary condition VI. We must so far be careful to preserve occult proprieties as that the temper of the body may not be hurt VII The inbred Heat of al the parts must be preserved with things moderately hot and moderately astringent II. The General precepts concerning the nonnatural things wil be delivered best according to their order in which we reckoned them in the foregoing Title I. The Aire therefore 1. Must be chosen temperate pure not stinking free as being most healthful and that aire must be avoided which is ful of corrupt exhalations 2. We must by al means avoidâââhopping out of an hot aire into a cold or ãâã âf a cold into an hot 3. A cold aire must be altered by a fire by hangings by a stove an hot with cold water powred out of one vessel into another or sprinkled upon the floore by strewing of roses water lillyes boughs of willow and Agnus Castus A moist with a bright fire and perfumes a drie by sprinkling of water and with moistning herbs a pestilential with burning aromatick woods and franckincense 4. Those that have leisure must walk out into the fields to enjoy the open aire 5. In the the morning 't is good to walk about the mountaines in the evening about the fountaines and rivers both because the Aire is in those parts more pure and bright and about the fountaines and rivers 't is lightened and clarified by the fetting Sun also because in the morning we are not very hot by reason of the foregoing night in the Evening in regard of the heat of the Midday sun we may be delighted with the coole aire of the waters II. Touching meat we must observe some things in general and some in special I. In general observe 1. That we must choose such meats as are most temperate and familiar to our Natures such as wel bak't bread flesh of beasts and such things as they afford for food fishes c. Of bread the best is that which is wel leavened ful of eyes wel kneaded and wel baked in an oven not too hot seasned indifferently with salt and made of the best wheate 2. Also we must use a most simple diet and of several sorts to avoid satiety provided that it be not at the same meale of different substances and different qualities but of the same nature that it may be digested with the same heat in one and the same space of time and that we eat not over much 3. We must have a special Eye to custom by the power whereof some have fed on poyson without hurt 4. The worser but more pleasing meat and drink is to be preferred before that which is better and not so delightful For the Stomach greedily artracts straitly embraces and happily digests such kind of meats II. Particularly we must have an Eye to the Quantity Choyce Sawces Time and Order of which I shal treat when I handle the diet of persons of a middle Age. III. Of the rest there is nothing to be said in general only this may be added that we must according to the advice of Celsus take heed lest in health we consume that which should assist us in sickness It is better daily to use moderate exercise to prevent the collection of superfluours excrements than to use purgations or other medicaments Read more of this subject in the Guide to Physick and Chyrurgery Riverius Practice of Physick and his Observations and the London Dispensatory Al of the last Editions Englished by me Chap. 2. Of preservation of Health in Special and first of the good Habit. Article 1. Of preserving the Health of wel habited persons Point 1. Of preserving the Health of Infants Children and youths SO much shal suffice to have said of preservation of Health in general let us now see how health is to be preserved in several sorts of people And this preservation is either of wel constituted or Intemperate persons Wel habited or wel constituted persons are either Infants both such as are in the womb and such as are born or Children or Youth or Men of Middle Age or Old Men. I. Children in the Womb wil fare wel if the woman with child shal do some things and avoid other some Among things to be avoided are 1. Aire which is moist and southern the stink of candles put out and which arises from Castoreum brimstone and such like things 2. Also the smell of strong herbs as rue penneroial Mint and of sweet smelling
hot and dry fat and sweet 'T is divided 1. Into Vitelline resembling the yolke of an Egg which springs from yellow chollor adust and is thick by reason that the wheyish part is consumed by heat is sometimes voided by healthy persons turns to black chollor if it be burned 2. Into that which is termed porracea or Leeke coloured which is bred for the most part in the stomach of herbs apt to corrupt through crudity and oft times in the veines of vitelline choler 3. Into Aeruginous or verdigreise color'd choler which by a most intense Heat is bred in the Liver Veins and stomach 4. Isatidea or woad-colored choler which resembles woad being bred of the former more adust II. Another from Flegm which is a preternatural Humor cold and moist I cal it preternatural to distinguish it both from the colder part of the mass of blood as also from that flegm wherewith the stomach Guts Lungs Limbs and Brain are plastered 'T is known by the softness whitness of the body and by crudeness of the stools By Urine Crude White sometimes thin and somtimes thick by appetite of more than can be digested by its daily motion and that towards the Evening It arises from meats Crude and cold unseasonable drinking and cold distemper of the bowels From retaining of Excrements by idleness long sleep c. 'T is divided 1. Into Insipid or Tastless which follows crudity in the stomach through want of digestion and makes the body of a leaden color 2. Acid which is of the same nature with the former 3. Salt which arises from salt and wheyish moisture consists of parts both hot and cold causes thirst salt tasts in the mouth and gnawings 4. Vitrea like glass in substance and color it is extream cold and very clammy and raises most cruel gripeings when it is detained in the Body III. Another is from Melancholy whiââ is a preternatural Humor cold and dry I say preternatural to difference it both from the colder and dryer part of the blood which is produced in the Spleen out of the colder and dryer part of Chyle drawn by the Ramus Splenicus of Vena porta before it enters into the Liver to nourish the Spleen and grosser parts as also from the natural excrementious sort which because it can by no means be turned into Aliment it is cast out of the Spleen partly by the Hemorrhoid veins partly by the splenick Arteries sometimes comes as far as the stomach c. 'T is known by the Leaden color and blacknes of the Urine Suppression of the Hemorhoids flatulency and belching overgreat appetite sadness silentness troublesome dreams leanness of the Body hardness and leaden color thereof and its motion from four to four about midnight It arises from meats of thick juice Beef Coleworts Fish upon which a drying not burning beat does work From Air cold and dry consuming the thinner parts especially if an hot and dry Summer went before by suppression of the Hemorrhoides or other melancholick evacuations c. 'T is divided into dilate or thin which is known by abundance of Urine and sweating anights Thick which is known by the obstructions of melancholick people Blackcholer which arises from heat burning the blood choler or melancholy juice And it is somtimes sharp somtimes tastless somtimes so austeer and harsh as to dissolve the flesh and being poured upon the ground to make the Earth ferment and work IV. Another from a serous Humor which is nothing but a thin and salt watry Humor affecting the body by its plenty and quality 'T is known by plenty of Urine and swear somtimes by a wandring pain because in regard of its thinness 't is easily carried up and down and it easily grows hot by an extraneous Heat By the sudden going away and coming again of diseases somtimes by swelling of the Belly c. It arises from meats moist and watry also from good meats and in persons recovering from sickness by reason of the wasting and languishing of the stomachs Heat By detention of serositness by reason of the expuisive ââââties weakness through obstruction of thâ other bowels or constriction of the pores through external cold fault of the spleen c. To this Humor only of al others there is somtimes joyned a Colliquation or melting of the bodies substance which happens either in Famin through wasting of the natural Heat and turning the radical moisture and flesh into a vaporous humidity or in case of bad diet when the aliment not being surable nor familiar to the body is not assimilated into the substance thereof whence the former Colliquation follows 'T is divided into that which is mild which is nothing but the thinner part of the blood and sharp which has attain'd its saltness from adustion Point 3. Of Humors offending in their Motion Place and whole Substance I. Humors offending in Motion are the very same forasmuch as they flow into the parts either by means of Attraction or Transmission Those parts are either the weaker and ordained for no remarkable action either by Nature as the loose soft and thin woven or through some sickly constitution or the more liable which have some connexion with the part sending and waies wide and large by which they receive the Humors or lie under the sending part The Cause of the Motion is 1. Attraction through heat caused from without or through pain For the pained part grows hot by plenty of spirits sent to it Nature endeavouring to drive away the Cause of the pain fils the pain'd part with blood and spirits finally pain weakens the part and makes it most fit to receive the Humors 2. Transmission either from the whol body or the venous tribe or from some parts namely when their expulsive faculty is strong the waies open and the matter plentiful Yet it somtimes notwithstandind happens that the Humors being accumulated in their vessels begin of their own accord to be moved and rush violently into some one part according to the nature of its scituation and conveniency of Vessels Now those Humors are most of al moved which are most thin and sharp as the cholerik II. Humors offending in place are the Humors aforesaid when they are where they ought not to be The Causes are 1. Influx either by attraction or Transmission 2. Congestion which happens either by fault of the part inasmuch as its coctive or âââulsive faculties do not their duties or tâââgh fault of the Nutriment when it is vitious and such as to cause such great quantity of Excrements or when gross matter is produced which resists the expulsive faculty III. Humors offending by their whol substance are those which having gained within the body a peculiar corruption they do after an hidden manner and by their whol substance affect the same Understand both preternatural excrementitious Humors and natural excrementitious Humors retained as seed clotters of blood menstruous blood The Signs are the sudden invasion of malignant symptomes as
Raving Fainting away c. The Idea of Diseases themselves c. The Cause is both alimentary matter which has in it the seeds of that corruption and while t is mixed with others hurts not but being separated from them and existing by it self it becomes poyson We verily feed upon many things that are fed with poyson To which ad Heat joyned with the principal Agent the Matter to which may be joined a disposition of the Body hereditary or acquired Particular Influx of the Heavens the Air receiveing the Astral Influxes and terrestrial Exhalations Contagion Poyson Finally the Imagination and Affections of Passions Now the foresaid determinate Corruption is brought to this degree ofttimes by long Digestion and Fermentation whence it is that the Plague does not range up down every yeer although every year the Humors are many waies faulty yea and it often plaies its pranks without any putrefaction as in plants and Animals venoms are bred without Putrefaction and in the most dry Air pestilential venom is bred in which there appear no signs of putrefaction Article II. Of Winds Flatus or Wind is a plentiful vaporous Spirit raised in mans Body by a weak Heat out of meat and drink and a clammie humor The Subject is the body of Live-wights but chiefly the stomach and Guts The Signs are strecthing with heaviness wandring pains the foregoeing of the Causes that breed wind The disease caused thereby rises on a suddain The Urines are ful of bubles on the top The Causes are 1. Meat much and moist which can of it self hardly be digested and somtimes it is in its own nature windie as are fruits which wil not keep windy roots great Sea fishes al sat things such as are sweet clammy c. 2. A crude Humor and which is clan my 3. Weak heat not able to digest the matter whether it be weak of it self or in comparision of the matter on which it works 'T is divided into flegmatick wind which is slowly moved and lasts long Cholerick which is biting sharp and quickly vanishes Melancholick which is fixed and causes sadness And Sanguine which is mild and is offensive more by its Quantity than Quality Article III. Of things totally against Nature Things totally against Nature are Stones and Wormes I. The Calculus or Stone is a solid strong substance bred in the Body of Man out of a slimy tartareous mucilage impregnated with a putrifying faculty by the Assistance of Heat It s Subject is the Body of Man and therein the Brain Liver Gall-bladder Stomach Kidneys Piss-bladder c. The Signs are suplied from the parts themselves There is in a manner nothing to be said of them in general The Cause is not flegm For many are troubled with flegm that are not molested with the stone and many have the stone who keep an accurate diet but a putrefying or stone-making juice Hence it is that persons subject to the stone make water like snivel which afterwards turns to a stone Now it proceeds from the dreggyness of meats which being retained it glews to this or that part is daily encreased by arival of new matter when it laies hold of a clammy thick and earthy matter it coagulates the same and the internal salt of Mans body coming afterward which the foresaid tartar by reason of its natural clamminess easily receives and hides within it self at last is congealed into a perfect stone II. Wormes are little live creeping things bred in the Body of man of a thick clammy excrementitious humor containing in it self a kind of vital Principle by a quickning heat raised by putrefaction Their Subject is the body of man and therein the Brain Liver Stomack c. The Cause is 1. An Humor furnished with a kind of vital principle so that of several Humors several sorts of wormes are bred and the humor is somtimes thick and roaping somtimes bitter so that wormes wil be bred of wormwood and sea salt 2. Heat not celestial but bred in the body and that moist but not alone This by little and little ãâã solves the humor and stirs up the spiritual ââat and principal of life which lay hid in the matter Title III. Of Symptomes A Symptome is an Affection besides Nature in those things which belong not to that Constitution which is necessary to the action of the Parts and which follows some other thing besides nature The SIGNES of the Symptomes are discovered by one or more of the senses and in case they are hid they are drawn from the same fountains with the signs of Diseases and causes that is to say from the Effects and Causes The CAUSES from which they arise are Diseases Causes and their Symptomes T is divided three manner of waies especially I. One is of the Disease which immediatly follows the disease no affection according to Nature intervening Another of the Cause when the Action is hurt by some morbifick Cause A third of a Symptome when one Symptome depends upon another Symptome foregoing II. One is an Action Hurt whether it be abolished diminished depraved or augmented It happens either by fault of faculty when the instrument is immediatly il affected to which the absence of the spirits and influent heat is reserved or by reason of some external Error when those things faile with which the actions are or without which they cannot be performed Another is of things voided and retained Another of qualities changed which depend upon the Actions hurt and the Humors proceeding therefrom III. Another is of the Natural Faculty viz. The nutritive augmentative generative Another of the vital faculty Another of the Animal faculty to which appertaine the Symptoms of the external sences of the internal senses the motive faculty c. THE THIRD BOOK OF THE IDEA OF PRACTICAL PHYSICK Touching Medicaments Title I. Of Medicaments in General HAving already spoke of the preternatural disorders which afflict the Boââ of Man it followes that we should now speak somwhat of their Removal Now touching their removal two things are considerable 1. By what Meanes they may be removed 2. How and in what manner they ought to be removed The Meanes are termed Medicaments which are considered either in general or in special and according to their differences A Medicament in General is whatever being applied to a Sick Body is of Ability by its faculties to reduce the same from a Preternatural to its natural state and condition Concerning which five things are considerable The Name Faculties Dose Adulteration Substitution and Collection I. If we consider âhe Name you must know that we understand not the word Medicament in the most common acceptation for so it comprehends poisons and paintings or Fucuses but in reference to mans body and that either generally considered forasmuch as it neither nourishes nor destroyes the same or specially forasmuch as it is troubled with sickness II. The faculties of Medicaments are 1. Manifest and either the first Heating Cooling Drying
and make them wider that the Vapors may be better transpired They are moderately hot of thin parts and not drying such as are among Herbs Marsh-mallows Mercury Flowers of Chamomel Melilot Elder Seeds of Fenugreek Line Oyl which is old and Butter II. Condensers are such things as contract and straighten the smal pores of the body but are not able to compact the whol part strongly and every where They are of a watry Nature as cold water of Herbs Purslane Housleek Flea-wort Mous-ear Duck-weed green Thistles Prick-madam the greater and the lesser III. Stoppers by their thickness do so stick externally upon the pores of the body that by their coldness and dryness they contract the part There are of this kind Astringents so called Such as are among Simples the Roots of Tormentil Plantane greater Comfry dry water Lillies Sorrel Curmallow Filipendula peony Avens Strawberry Bistort Rhaponticum Rhubarb tosted Leaves of plantane Knotgrass Gnaphalium Loof-strife Solomons Seal Horstail Shepherds-pouch Mous-ear Oak Flowers of Roses pomegranates Ivy. Seeds of plantane purslane Sorrel Roses Fruits Quinces Medlars Barberries Services Cornel-berries Galls Raison-stones Cypress nuts myrtle berries Shels and Rinds of pomegranates Frankincense tree myrobalans mulberries Gums of mastich Dragons blood Juyces of Hypocistis sour Grapes Acacia Minerals Terra sigillata Bole armeniack blood-stone Allum Coral Iron Of Animals Harts-horn prepared Stags pizzle c. Of Compounds are Water of Roses purslane plantane privet Syrup of red Roses Quinces Barberries marmalade of Quinces Diacodium narcoticum Crocus martis astringens pouder of mans bones calcined fresh made Treacle Juyce of pomegranates of Acacia old conserve of Red Roses The stronger sort of these medicaments are Balaustians myrtles Acacia Hypocistis Sumach pomegranate medlar c. IV. Anastomaticks are medicaments which open the mouths of the Vessels and are therefore by the Greeks so named because they ought to penetrate into the inner parts of the body and to attenuate gross humors and therfore they ought to be both hot in the second degree and endued with a more thick substance than ordinary that they may retain heat the longer Bitter things are most convenient Point VII Of Attenuating Aperient and incrassating Medicaments I. Attenuating medicaments are such as dissolve and make thin thick clammy and glewish humors so that either they vanish of their own accord or are easily dissipated by the operation of Drawers They must be of a thin substance hot in the third degree which is nevertheless not alwaies necessary For the juyce of Lemmons Vinegar Oxymel do attenuate and cut though they are cold See the Catalogue among Operatives II. Apperitive medicaments do open inward Obstructions of the Body They ought to be of a thin substance and therefore are reckoned among such things as appear hot and biting to the smel and tast which have a nitrous salt bitter and acid tast but seeing there is variety both of the matter obstructing and the bodies obstructed somtimes such as are of thin parts sometimes such as are not so qualified are given Now they are these Among Simples of Roots the five opening Roots so called viz. of Smallage Fennel Asparagus parsly and Holm of Grass Cicaory Eryngos Gentian Fern madder Rhaponticum Asarum Cappars Tamarisk Ash Herbs Fumitory Wormwood Agrimony maiden-hair Liver-wort ceterach chamepitys chamedrys Dodder Horehound calamint penyroyal scurvy-grass Brooklime Water-cresses Hops white Horehound Wormwood Seeds of Annis Fennel Ameos Agnus castus Vetches Lupines Fruits bitter Almonds Cappars Peach-kernels Apricock-kernels Spices Cinamon Cubebs Gums and juyces Ammoniacum Vinegar Juyce of Lemmons Of compounds are waters of the foresaid simples Oximel simple Scyllitick Syrupe of opening roots Trocbiscks of Rubarb Wormwood Egrimony Lacca-gum Tartar Vitriolated Creame thereof Christals and Tincture of Tartar Tincture of steele pouder aperient crocus and pils thereof III. Incrassaters or thickners do make the thin and liquid juices more thick They are cold or temperate without acrimonie and of thick substance such as Porslane Sorrel Poppy Rice Lentils Quinces Peares Starch Chalybeate milk and juice of Pomegranates Point VIII Of Obstructive And Deobstructive Medicaments I. Emplastick or obstructive medicaments are such as by their substance do daub stop and clam up the passages of the Body and being smeared thereon stick fast thereto being of a Consistence either dry and earthy but without any biting quality or ful of watry and aerie humor They are I. Among simples 1. Roots Of Marshmallowes White-Lillies Seeds Wheate Starch Pine-kernels steeped in water Fenugreek al Mucilages Fruits Figs Raisons Gums Arabick Tragant Dragons blood Earths Terra sigillata Bole-Armeniack Juyces Alum Stones Lapis Calaminaris Blood-stone Potters-clay Minerals litteridge of Gold and Silver Lead Oare of brass Pompholyx Cerus Animals Mumia fresh fats marrowes fresh butter Cheese whites of Eggs Wax II. Compounds of these Unguentum Album Nutritum II. Deobstructers do scoure away clammy glutinous humors which stick unto the body they are hot or cold salt bitter nitrous Such are I. Of Simples 1. Roots of birthwort Orice Gentian Solomons seale Tamarisk Leaves of Smallage Wormwood Centorie Southernwood Hysop Watercresses Horehound Agrimony Ground-Oake Tansey Harts-tongue Pimpernel Seeds of Lime Fenugreek barly Orobus Lupines and their meales Juyces Aloes and Sugar Gums myrrh Rosins Terpentine Mineralls verdigrise Vitriol Animals whey beasts-Gal III. Extergents differ only gradually Of this kind are Oxymel Alume water Unguentum Aegyptiacum c. Point VIII Of Anodynes and Narcoticks Anodyne Medicaments are those which by their moderate heate and soft substance do asswage paine by opening the pores of the body and entering thereinto by the tenuity of their substance and discuss the cause thereof by insensible transpration Such are I. Among Simples the Roots of Marsh-mallowes Lillies Leaves of Mallowes Elder Flowers of Chamemel Melilote Safron Seeds of Lime Fenugreek Animals Fat 's of Hogs Hens Geese Calves Man-fat Marrow of Oxen Calves Milke butter II. Of Compounds oiles of white lillies Chamomel Violets sweet almonds linseed worms and which is most commended sweet oile of Roses of a middle age II. Narcoticks stupifie the part so that it cannot feel that which pains This they do partly by their coldness partly by an hidden Quallity Of this kind are I. Simples the Roots of Mandrake Leaves of Henbane mandrake Seeds of white-poppey Juyces Opium II. Compounds oiles of Mandrake Vnguentum popeleon laudanum ossiatum Fernelius his narcotick lozenges Spirit of Darnel c. Article 2. Of Medicaments which cause motion Medicines which cause motion are either Drawers Repellers or Astringents I. Drawers are such as draw from the deepe parts of the Body into the surface thereof not only thin and wheyish humors but also such as are thick and fast rooted in the Parts of the Body They are either hot in the second degree which draw moderately or in the third degree which draw strongly or in the fourth degree which swel the skin Such are I. Of simple Roots of the two Birthworts Anemony bindweed Tragon Gentian Pellitory Crowfoot
corralls Perls Christial II. Of compounds they are such as are made of the foregoing simples and may be known by what has been already said II. The external are the same we alleadged in the simples The compounds have been for the most part declared in the Nephriticks and Hepaticks Chap. 7. Of vegetable Medicaments referred to the seven Planets Planetarie Medicaments are they which according to the opinions of some Men have received their virtues and names from the Planets and depend upon them in their operations They are as manifold as there are planets viz. Saturnine Jovial Martial Solary Venereal Mercurial Lunary I. Those are termed Saturnine which are of an horrid aspect ingrateful or venemous smel stiptick tast leane shape and they grow in moist places filthy and woody solitary and dark and of this kind are woolfs-bane Agnus castus Calves-head Smallage Finger-fern Star-wort orach Blites Shephards pouch Hemp Cappars Hemlocks Cumin Cypress dodder Epithymum Horse-taile Fern Fumitory Hellebore Henbane Great dock lupines Mandrakes Moss Opium pine Polypody Sloetree Rue Willow Cetrach Scrophulary Sena Serpentaria sesely Nightshade Tamarisk Eugh Vervaine II. Jovial are such as have a pleasant tast and smel red or blewish flower an olive substance plaine leaves and delighting in fat places such are Cloves Cherries strawberries Olive-trees Betony Flaxe centaury Barberyes Red corants Avens Arsmart Fumitory Teucrium Mullin Comfery Galangal Birch Ground oake Almonds Madder Prunella Rhubarb Loose-strife Borrage Bugloss Mulberries wheat Thorow waxe Sophia Pomegranates Violets Coral III. Martial are of a pointed rough shape of a caustick tast a color tending to redness they love dry places such as are Nettles Thistles Restharrow Esula Rhamnus bramble Flammula Onions Leeks Garlick Radish Peperwort Wolfes-bane Henbane Arsmart Asparagus basilicon c. IV. Solar are of a regal forme of colour yellow or orenge tawny of fragrant smel pleasing tast and love sunny and meridional situations Such as are the Flower of the Sun Safron Celondine Baum Motherwort Gromwel Rosa solis lillies Gentian laurel vine Elecompane St. Johns wort Ashe Marygold Gold-flowers Rosemary Mints Citronwort and some others V. Venerial are such as have a white flower a clammy humor a sweet tast a wanton smel shape of leaves smooth not jagged Such as are Satyrium Vulgar pease boletus cervinus Cuckow-pintel pine and oake-apple Parsnips Water Lillies Daffodillies c. VI. Mercurial are such as have a various color of the flowers bear cods and are bred for the most part in a sandy place such as are Beanes Chamemel Trefoil daisies juniper Wallnuts Hasils Elders Dragons Mony wort Lungwort Anise Cubebs Marjerom VII Lunary are such as have thick juycie leaves of a watry or sweetish tast they soone grow to their just magnitude and love marrish watry places Such as are Coleworts Gourds Melons Pepons Mandrakes Papaver erraticum or Red poppy Lettuce Rapes linden tree Duckweed c. See hereof Etzlerus in his I sagoge-Physico-magico-medica and Helvicus Dietericus de Novo orbe also Toxita his Cornu salutis and Carrichterus de plantis Also in Turniserus you shal find many things THE FOURTH BOOK OF THE IDEA OF PRACTICAL PHYSICK Title I. Of the Method of Healing in General THe Method of Healing is an Art of Inventing by help of Indications such Remedies as are apt to heal the Infirmities of Mans Body There are therfore three things therin observable the Indication Indicant and Indicatum I. The Indication is the Method of finding out from the Nature of the Indicant the Indicated Remedy which the Indicant is found to require for the attainment of his End And this is to be understood of the Indication habitually taken viz. as it is in the mind of the Artificer But if it be considered in its own Nature as it is in the Indicant it declares nothing but a certain relation of the Indicant to the Indicatum as of a signe to the thing signified or an Antecedent to its Consequent In which respect Galen calls it the strength of Consequence II. The Indicans is that which of it self and its own Nature sollicites the Physitians help ãâã requrires some profitable medium to attaine a good propounded and affords a true curative Indication Now this ought to be in the first place 1. Known to the understanding 2. An Agent and to be carried out to good by its natural Instinct 3. To be in the body of man 4. To be permanent and not to have its essence in fiery or a momentary transaction 5. That inasmuch as it is one it indicate only one thing that it indicate or hint the same by its own nature and that as being but one thing it can have but one Nature Such a true and single indicant is neither the disease nor its cause nor any Symptom but the strength virtue and faculty of a body cureable or the virtue and faculty sanative in a body sanable and that active which is naturally moved to health as to its perfection Not the Disease For that is the primary indicant to which al things are referred the same is the Condition of Ends and indicants But the Physitian does al for Healths and not for the diseases sake The indicant is permanent in the body But the disease does not stay without its own Homogeneal Cause To the indicant we owe an helper because it indicates for its own sake But a disease not for its own but healths sake c. Not the Cause for it is not every kind of helpe but a curative help which we seek after The Cause as it intends the corruption of mans body cannot indicate or hint any thing but the corruption thereof Not the Symptom because it abides not The Forces of the Body are the only and primary indicant For you must first consider the Forces and strength of the Body before you set upon the Cure Lighter diseases are to be committed to Nature dangerous ones and such as are towards their Crisis are not to be tampered with desparate ones admit no cure The forces of the body must not be quite dejected and worsted for then nothing is indicated nor yet lusty and strong for then they can do al of themselves Oft times nature brings the morbifick matter through the middle of a bone and makes an imposthume casts out the sanies of the lungs by urine or stoole expells the stopt courses by the Eyes the holes of the teeth the toes of the feet c. But they are the tottering forces of the body which require help and consequently indicate III. The Indicatum or Remedy hinted is that which ought to help the diseased body safely without danger of a relapse or injury to the body pleasantly without nauseousness and overmuch trouble and quickly without any delay Touching which observe 1. That none reduces health by its own proper force but by the Assistance of the inbread Heat or nature it self so that Nature does the work properly and formally the remedy only as
difference it from derivation which is to near places Where note that those parts besides contrariety must have rectitude of scituation not precisely mathematical but natural in respect of the fibres and filaments of the Veins also in respect of the fibres and veins which are remote from the part affected and have communion with the part sending also following the rectitude of the Diameter and scituation in longitude latitude and altitude II. That the Contrariety aforesaid is either in respect to the whol body as when we revel from the Head to the Thighs or Legs which is done in universal revulsions from the right side to the left or from the left to the right which is termed particular revulsion III. It ought also to be to its own beginning if the same be known So in the inflamation of the right Leg we cut the left The parts above the * See Riolanus Anatomy in English Claviculae being affected if it be already a Disease and the matter flow in the Cephalick Vein must be opened if it be yet to come the vein betwixt the Thumb and fore finger must be opened The Parts between the Kidneys and Claviculae being Affected the Basilica Vein must be opened if there be danger its branches betwixt the ring finger and the midle finger Both parts being affected both above and below the Claviculae open the Vena Mediana For the Kidneys you may take your choice The Ham-Vein Ankle-vein and the Vena Saphena exonerate the parts below the Kidneys Revulsion wil be fitting and convenient 1. If it be performed at the beginnings of fluxions unless they be lasting 2. If by convenient places least the mater be drawn through some noble member 3. If the pain of the part affected be first mitigated and the violence of the Deawing be less II. Revulsion is a convenient rejection of the Influent humor by repelling Medicaments The Rejection wil be convenient if you consider Whether or no How much and When. Touching whether or no observe That Repulsion is not to be used 1. In the noble parts 2. When the fluxion is near a principal part least the matter being repelled should be carried into the noble parts 3. In parts which are scituate too deep in the Body 4. When a venemous and malignant matter afflicts the Patients 5. When the matter is thick and clammy least it become thicker and unapt to to be resolved when it is deeply seated as in the Sciatica least the blood be forced out of the neighboring and ambient muscles deep into the connexity of the parts 6 In case of a wound inflicted by a beast 7. When the body is ful of a redundant humor 8. The humor being already impacted into the Part. 9. When there is a vehement pain For then astringents especially if strong do cause the pain to encrease by exasperating the tunicles and by keeping in biting sooty vapors and sharp humors 10. When Nature acts aright and drives the matter critically into some part 11. When the bowels are affected as in an impostume arising in an Emunctory least a symptomatical translation of the matter should happen Touching How much know 1. That the tender parts wil not bear over strong repellers Therefore in the Eyes we use only brest-milk and Rose-water in which sometimes poppey seeds are boiled and the pap of Apples c. 2. In the Augment repellers must be mixed with discussers lest the humor grow hard or be augmented by stopping the pores of the Skin 3. That cold moist medicines are used when the humor is thin is seated in the surface of the body when fluxions happen through the over hotness of the parts and great heat or vehement pain afflicts the Patient 4. Astringents are used when fluxions are by debility of the parts and there is no vehement pain The time of Repulsion is the Beginning of a disease Point 2. Of Derivation and Interception Derivation is the convenient aversion of an humor falling into some part unto the neighboring places That humor so lies upon some part that it is not yet shed forth of the Veins into the spaces of the part but fluctuates up and down in the Veins Touching the Conveniency hereof note 1. We must not derive before the plenitude of humors be abated 2. So much must be taken away as the Patients strength wil bear and the disease shal require which may be known by the change of color in the Blood For so long it must be taken away til it flow redder and yellower til instead of red it come lead-colored For the blood being flegmatick in the whol body wil be redder than ordinary in the side where there is an Inflamation and that blood which is redder than ordinary in the whol body wil there through adustion be changed into black 3. It must be practised before it be fastened in the part 4. It is done by opening a Vein by Nose-medicines and sneezers if the matter be in the Brain 5. That the Communion of the Veins with the part affected must be observed So in a Phrenzy the Vein of the Forehead must be cut in a Mania or madness without a Fever the Veins under the Tongue in pains of the hinder part of the Head cupping-glasses are fastened to the shoulders and shoulder-blades When the Ears are inflamed and when there are risings behind the Ears a vein under the Ear in hot diseases of the Gums Jaws Lips in the Squinzy the two Veins under the Tongue The Armpits and Shoulders being inflamed the Vein of the Head must be opened the Womb that of the Ham the Legs that of the Feet II. Interception is a shutting up of the passage of Humors into any part by convenient Medicaments Those Medicaments are Repellers For Interception differs not from repulsion save only in the place of application Repellers are applied to the part inflamed intercepters are applied to the parts and waâes through which the Humor is carried They are likewise called Defensives Amongst which fatty and oily things are suspected For they soften the parts and if they stick on long they heat the same Therefore it is better to mingle intercepting pouders with Rose-water and the white of an Egg. Interception is then conveniently administred 1. When the Intercepters are applied to the parts that have least flesh in which the passages are most large 2. When we apply such as are strong where the habit of the Body is hard the vessels large and the season hot which loosens and widens the passages also where the Humor flows violently into the part 3. If in contrary Cases we use the milder sort Article 4. Of the Removal of Causes offending in place Point 1. Of Softening and Discussing The Removal of Causes offending in place containes Emollition Discussion Suppuration and Attraction I. Emollition is the alteration of a thick hardened Humor by softening Medicaments An Humor is hardned either by extraordinary or moderate driness or by plenitude or by
Congelation The former is altered by things moderatly hot and moist least the force of heat should dissipate the Humor the latter by opening the pores with an aiery moisture the last by things hot and moderately dry Medicaments exquisitly Emollient applied to the principal members or parts near them do bring the life in danger II. Discussion is a convenient dissipation of an humor sticking in some part and softned by insensible transpiration caused by diaphoretick Medicaments 'T is called Digestion and Resolution I added and softned For humors hardened cannot be discussed unless they be first softned To convenient Dissipation is requisite 1. That it be undertaken before the Body be evacuated 2. That it be not used in such as have hot Veins and Livers 3. That Dissipaters be used in the State and Declination and that in the Augment they be mixed with Repellers 4. That they be not biting nor vehemently hot lest the thinner parts evaporating the thick become dryed and hard as a stone Point 2. Of Suppuration and Attraction I. Suppuration is the convenient mutation of an Humor that cannot be discussed into Quittor by ripening medicaments The Conveniency hereof requires 1. That it be chiefly practised when Blood offends for Blood is best changed into Quittor choler and melancholy hardly by reason of that degeneration whereby they raise Cancers and malignant ulcers 2. That it be not rashly practised upon the internal Parts 3. That among external parts it be not practised about the Joynts 4. That it be not overmuch or overstrong otherwise it wil dispose the part to a gangrenous Putrefaction II. Attraction or drawing is the convenient Motion of matter infixed into a part by drawing medicaments These Medicaments are either more gentle which are termed Rubifyrs or more strong which are Bladder-raisers Crust-procurers and Causticks The Rules of Conveniency respect Causticks and Vesicatories or Bladder-raisers In respect of the former 1 We must not come to Causticks before we have tried Rubifiers and Vesicatories for Causticks take somthing from Nature 2. That they be then used when there is danger least the part should perish and especially when there is fear least abundance of matter should putrefie the Bone 3. That when there is need of little burning we are to use an Instrument of Brass and an Iron one when we are to burn much 4. That Consideration be had of the Age Strength of the Patient and the swellings whereunto they are applied for many instead of the Kings-Evil swellings have burnt the jugular Veins In respect of Vesicatories it is requisite 1. That they be not applied to accute diseases nor to external Parts exulcerated nor to the region of the Lungs when they are exulcerated because by them the ulcers are exasperated or to gristley parts and such as are bare of flesh because by burning they grow black 2. That after the flesh is swelled the Cicatrized Part is become black and blew the Patient is pained we desist least the part be stupified 3. That before they be laid on the place be tubbed til it look red Article 5. Of Expulsion of Wind cal'd Carmination Carmination is a convenient dissipation of the Winds arising in mans body by carminative or Wind-expelling medicaments That this dissipation may be conveniently affected medicaments discussing winds ought not to be administred before the matter be diminished otherwaies more flatulencies wil be raised by rarefaction of the matter THE FIFTH BOOK OF THE IDEA OF PRACTICAL PHYSICK Touching the Removal of Diseases Title I. Of the Diseases of Similar parts and their Cure Chap. 1. Of the Method of knowing and curing distempers without matter SO much may suffice to have spoken of the methodical removal of Causes which ought to be handled a part from the particular cosideration of the causes themselves the general method for the removal of Causes follows which must of necessity be jointly handled with the prime differences of the diseases themselves seeing it comprehends not only the diseases but the Causes also signs and differences of the diseases The primary and essential differences of diseases are those whereby they are divided into Similar organical common Similar diseases are either of distemper or of hidden Qualities A distemper is either without matter or with matter A distemper without Matter is a declinanation of the temperament of a mans body from its natural constitution induced by certain causes proper for such an Effect By temperament you must not understand that which is called temperamentum ad pondus wherein there is equal proportion of the qualities but that which is termed temperamentum ad justitiam wherein the qualities are not in equal though in a wel ordered proportion which is convenient for some kind of actions 2. Understand temperament both simple and compound 3. The temperament of Mans body not only as it is mixt but also and principally as it is liveing whether it be inbred or influent The Sings are taken from the differences The Causes are principally external of which in the same place The Cure is performed by Alteration if you precisely consider the distemper it self but this disease does not long last without matter T is divided into four sorts I. One is hot in which heat abounds T is knowen from such things as may exhalt and encrease sweat and from such as are the Effects of Heat so encreased It arises cheifly from five things viz. Motion of the Mind and Body Putrefaction The nearness of some hot thing the mixture of somthing that is hot and stoppage of the Body 'T is cured with cooling medicaments whether simple or compound taken in or outwardly applyed Where we observe 1. That alterations consisting of heat and cold are most easily cured 2. That an hot disease in a Body which is naturally cold must be vanquished by remedies that are strong 3. That cold medicaments have four degreers II. Another is cold in which cold exceeds 'T is known from causes which induce cold and symptoms which follow the same It arises from such things as either are of their own nature cooling or suffocate the innate Heat or overwhelm or dissipate the same or withdraw its nutriment The Cure is undertaken by heating its medicaments first such as are more gentle afterwards the stronger sort See the Medicaments in the Institutions of Physick III. Another is moist when moisture overcomes It is knowen by the antecedents and consequents It arises from the neighbourhood of moist things and which hinder the transpiration of most evaporations 'T is cured by drying Medicaments IV. Another is drie in which dryness prevailes 'T is known by former kinds of signs It springs from contrary Causes viz. Alteration of dryers and overmuch resolution and and paucity of aliment 'T is cured by moistners V. Another is compound that is to say Hot and dry or Hot and moist Cold and dry or cold and Moist Of which we need not to say much For it may easily be gathered what it is and how to
greatness of the cause nobility of the part affected vehemency of symptomes and the Deaths of many persons It is undertaken I. By ridding away the poison which is done divers waies according to the differences of poisons II By administration of Antidotes both common and appropriate to every part of the Body where nevertheless we must not forget the manifest qualities This is an approved antidote viz. An Electuary of Masterwort Roots of sweet Angelica of Gentian of white thistle of each two handfulls terra sigillata six ounces Myrrh an ounce Venice Treacle four ounces Rosemary Rue of each one handful Birthwort three pound Bayberries one handful virgin hony clarified a triple quantity to al the rest Make al into an Electuary according to Art The differences are taken from the Causes I. Some spring from internal Humors II. Others from infected Aire The Cure consists in prevention of such aire and avoiding the same In purification of the infected aire respect being had to the Cause of the Infection By giveing of Alexipharmaca or Antidotes by which the Heart may be defended and the malignity driven away by sweat III. Some proceed from water For there are certaine metalline fountaines envenomed either naturally or by some occasion yea and drinking of water has brought many into the dropsie and the scurvy is caused by corrupt water Such fountains are to be avoided and faulty waters must be corrected by boiling straining putting in barley flower or Garlick c. IV. Others come from Contagion V. Others from Poisons whose Cure is doubtful if present poison be taken in and that in great quantity Impossible if the poison cannot be expelled neither by vomit stool nor sweat Respects 1. Expulsion by Alexipharmaca or Antidotes which differ according to the varieties of poisons 2. Evacuation especially by vomit that those medicaments may better penetrate unto the Heart 3. Prohibition of Sleep least the poison should thereby peirce the sooner into the Heart and inner parts The Differences are many I. Some are poisons taken into the body which are cured by a gentle vomit made of fat things By purgation if it stick in the upper Gutts By Vrine if it tend to the urinary passages and in all medicaments be sure to mingle Antidotes By Diet in which case Milke is exceedingly commended II. Others are externally applied to the body whose Cure consists in extraction or pulling out the said poison both by drawing medicaments and by such things as do it by a certain likeness which must be continued til the evil color pain and symptoms shal cease Interception which is excellently performed by binding somwhat very hard upon some part above the place affected Use of Alexipharmaca if the Poison have peirced into the Body as was said before Title II. Of organical Diseases Chap. 1. Of Diseases of Conformation AN organical Disease is the diviation or swerveing of the parts of Mans Body from their natural structure Now because to the said Natural structure Conformation Number Situation and Connexion are requisite therefore there wil be so many differences and to this title four heads are subjoined and also because in Conformation or Shaping three things are required viz. Figure Cavity and Surface there wil be consequently so many diseases Article 1. Of diseases of Figure A disease in Figure is the swerving of the parts of Mans Body from their natural figure depending upon certain peculiar causes The Signs are evident so that it is needless to speak of them The Causes are whatsoever may violate the figure of our bodies either by compounding or loosening distorting or exhausting The Cure is not difficult in such as by reason of the Humidity of their bones are yet in a growing condition It is hardly to be attempted in persons growen up in whom the bones whose figure the external parts do represent have attained greater hardness and dryness It is performed 1. By handling and working the part the contrary way 2. By binding with swathes and splints It may be repeated if the former succeeded not if the hurt be very great and the sick man lusty and that by breaking of the Callus emollients being premised It ought not to be repeated if the patient be old the hurt Less and the Callus hard The differences are from the times of swerving of the parts I. Either it happens before the Nativity in the womb and then the fault is in the shaping faculty and it is hardly cured II. Or in the birth and then either the Infant was too great or the Orifice of the Womb too strait III. Or after the Birth where the chief fault is overmuch repletion which must be cured with Evacuation Defect of Nutriment which requires meats easie of digestion of good juyce and of little Excrement See the chapter of Arrophia Violent motion either caused by the patient himself or by the Artist in which case fractures of Bones do chiefly happen The setling of one part upon another either by reason of the Resolution or Convulsion of the Nerves in which case we must have respect to the disease it self of the Nerves Article 2. Of Disease of the Cavities Point I. Of Diseases of the Cavities consisting in Excess Diseases of the Cavities are those wherein the natural passages of the parts are hurt By Cavities or hollow receptacls we understand both those large Capacities of the Stomach Brain Heart and Womb as also the passages of the Veins Arteries Ureters c. and the O rifice or Head of the Vessels and al Cavities whatsoever And because the Cavities are hurt either by way of excess or in defect the diseases of the Cavities are divided into such as consist in Excess and such as consist in defect Diseases of the Cavities in Excess are when they are greater than naturally they ought to be The SIGNS shal be set down when we come to speak particularly of them The CAUSE is what ever is of tendency to open or distend or fret and divide the Cavities The CURE is performed by Stopping They are divided into Anastomosis Diapedesis and Diairesis I. Anastomosis is when the mouths of the Vessels are too much opened and widened It is known by a plentiful shedding forth of such humor or matter which ought to be contained in the said Cavities It arises from such things either external or internal which are apt to loosen or distend The Cure tends to shut up by astringent medâcaments of which in their place and has an Eye withal to their Causes The chief astringents are Leavs of Shepherds-pouch seeds of Purslane flowers of Balaustians smal Dasies bole Armeniack juyce of Slowes new Treacle pouder of Mans Bones Crocus Martis c. As for the differences 1. Either it springs from an External Cause as opening medicaments and then the causes preceding must be removed Or 2. from plenty of Humors especially blood burthening the faculty and then theÌ signs of those Humours are present We must go to work with blood-letting and purging
speak somwhat thereof in general in this place A single Chapter Of Pain in general PAin is a sad and troublesome disposition arifing from a sudden and vehement alteration in the sence of feeling The Subject are the nervous parts especially the thicker membranes which bring vehement pains SIGNS are needless the sence it self shews it The CAUSE is whatsoever eminently and suddenly alters the part or dssolves the Continuity thereof The CURE must be hastened least a fluxion be raised especially in a vehement one the Disease also must be set aside if there be no other Remedy 'T is performed I. By intigation with Anodynes and Narcoticks Among the former oyl of Lillies Earth-wormes Chamomel a Cataplasme of bread Crums milk and Safron boiled together a pultis of Marsh-mallow roots boyled in Milk Grulingus his Unguentum Jovis Among the latter are the extract of Thorn apple seeds the Narcotick trochisks of Fernelius Quandanum opiatum II. By removal of the Causes both by internal and external remedies The Differences are taken either from the Causes or from the parts affected I. One kind of pain comes from an eminent and sudden alteration of quality which is taken away by the remedies of a contrary quality And it comes either from heat and dryness then the causes have preceded the pained part is red we must go to work with things cold and moist Or from cold dryness the suitable Causes have preceded The skin is white or growes black and blew by binding 'T is eased with things hot and moist Another springs from Solution of Continuity which is caused either by many humors which stretch sharp ones which fret in which cases bleeding and purgations are useful Or from winds which teare as it were in sunder in which case having premised Carminatives we must deale with universals Or from external Causes beating cutting burning where the Cure must be directed to each particular Cause II. One fâârt is pricking in the Membrans which compass the ribs and subcostal Muscles Another is beating proper to the Arteries the sign of a great inflamation Another is a dul paine and mââmedness which happens in the fleshy membrane which is spred out beneath the skin which happens from Refrigeration external Contusion or compression Another is a pain as of some heavy thing which burthens which is commonly felt in the kidnies sometimes in the Liver and spleen Another is a stretching paine according to the longitude of the part proper to the Nerves which extends it self into both parts of the Nerves Another is stretching according to the latitude proper to the membranes which cover the muscles Another is wandring which arises for the most part from winds in the larger Cavities of the Belly womb c. Another is a boring pain in the Guts it arises from cold humors fastned into their Coats Another is a leaping paine which happens in the coats of the brain where rising as it were from a root it suddenly leaps into the Circumjacent parts Another is Vlcerative or soreish which commonly happens in the skin and parts beneath the same also in the Gutts from the Acrimony of Humors and worms is common to the dysentery Another is deep which happens in the periostium presents it self to the senses as if the bones themselves did ake or the marrow in the bones And so much for the first differences of Diseases THE SIXTH BOOK OF THE IDEA OF PRACTICAL PHYSICK Treating of External Diseases Title I. Of the Several sorts of Tumors SO much may suffice to have spoken of Diseases in general and of their cure Diseases considered in their several sorts are either External or Internal The former are Tumor or Sewllings Diseases of the Skin Diseases of the Hair Vlcers Dislocations or Disjointing and Fractures and therefore there wil be likwise just so many Titles in this Book Chap. 1. Of Swellings or Tumors Caused by Blood Article I. Touching over-great Corpulency SOme Tumors spring from Blood others from Choller Flegm Melancholly from Watry and wheyish Humors and some from a Mixture of these one with another Those which spring from Blood are Over-great Corpulency Inflamations Bubo's Phygetlon Phyma Furunculus Parotis Paronychia Perniona's Ecchymofis Carbunculus Corpulentia nimia is an over-great increase of the Bodies Bulk caused by too much plenty of Flesh and Fat Signes are needless The Consequences thereof are an Hindrance of the Motions and Operations of the body shortness of breath by reason of the passages being stopt somtimes suddain Death in such as grow Fat when they are young Barrenness because of the seeds watrishness The CAUSE is the Increase of Flesh and Fat The CURE varies according to the variety of the Differences The DIFFERENCES are taken from the Causes I. One sort springs from Encrease of Flesh which is Caused through plenty of good Blood made by a temperate Liver out of meates of good Juyce the hot and moist temper of the Musculous pârts of the Body assisting thereunto It is Cured 1. By Evacuation through Blood letting Cupping Fasting Eriction 2. By Consuming the Flesh with such things as strongly dry and moderately heat II. Another from the encrease of Fat caused by the Oyliness and fattyness of the Blood falling out of the Veins into the Membranous parts and there congealed by the moderate heat and Efficacy of the said parts T is Cured 1. By Evacuation but it must be sparing because such persons are apt to fal into cold Diseases 2. By Consumption of the Fat effected by things hot bitter diuretick yet so as care be had that by over much heating another Disease be not Caused Article II. Of an Inflamation An Inflamation is a Preternatural swelling of the fleshy parts springing from blood which besides the intent of Nature flows into the said parts The SIGNES are Heat which is caused partly by reason of the Blood partly by the stoppage of the pores springing from plenty and thickness of blood which stoppage wil not suffer the Fuliginous Vapors to exhale and partly by the bloods putrefaction Pain both by reason of the distemper and the solution of continuity caused by plenty of blood filling and distending the part Redness the blood communicating its color to the part affected Tension or Stretching because of the abundance of blood distending the whol substance of the Part. Renitency or Tightness from the same Cause Pulsation by reason of the distention of the inflamed parts caused by the heaving of the Artery which wants freedom of roome to move it self The CAUSE is the plenty of blood or its sharpness by reason of Chollerick Humors which because they provoke Nature they are by her thrust out she using the blood as her Vehicle or Chariot to ride in which flowes plentifully to the part by reason of its pain The Manner of its Breeding is this An Hot Fluxion causing the blood to fal into the Muscles first the great Veins then the lesser then the least of al are distended And when
taken they escape without halting If towards the Hip commonly they halt after it Both because the bowing tending outwards it is easily crooked Towards the inside and towards the outside it bunches out like a bow as also because being but one single bone it cannot easily be kept in its place It growes together in the space of fifty daies Chap. 2. Of less Frequent Fractures TO the less ordinary Fractures there appertain the Fractures of I. The Nose which is either equally flatted so as to make a saddle-Nose or it is broke only on the one side or it is writhen aside by the Gristle or the bones thereof are broke into smal fritters There is Joyned somtimes a wound and somtimes and Ulcer is raised within the Nostrils Unless the Nose be immediately rectified it must for ever remain deformed II. Of the lower Jaw-bone whose bone is either broken so athwart that the Bones nevertheless do in some measure hold together or so that one bone sticks out above another and one tooth sticks out beyond another They are consolidated within twenty dayes unless Inflamation happen Also the teeth remain sound III. Of the Clavicula or channel bone which is broken either athwart and is easily reduced into its natural seat by extending and compressing the same with a mans fingers or long-waies which has alwaies some Eminency which can hardly be brought into order It s fracture is knowne by the touch and by the pian It is soddered together within the space of twenty daies IIII. Of the Scapula and that either in respect of the shoulder tip and then Inequality is perceived if the hurt part be compared with the sound or in respest of the broad part Then a certain cavity is perceived by the touch the Arme just against it is benummed If the fracture be in the neck of the Scapula or in the Jointing of the shoulder Inflamation is soon caused because of the veins Arteries and nerves which spring from the Vertebraes of the Neck V. Of the Brest-bone whose fracture is known by the bones giving way when pressed with the finger by shortness of breath c. and it is dangerous because of the Neighbourhood of the noble parts VI. Of the Ribs which are either so broken that the extremities of the broken bones do neither go in nor stick out And then few are either Feverish or spit blood Or so as that the Ends of the Bones are out of their places Then the flesh above the broken Rib is blown and heaved up and if the place be pressed with the hand a noise is heard of the departing Air. Inflamation Feavers Impostumes do for the most part follow Or the whole Ribs are not broken Then there is neither great pain nor a Feaver VII Of the Back-bone which frequently by reason of the hurt ensuing to the spinal marrow the Membranes and the Nerves especially if the fracture happen by the Vertebra's of the Neck proves deadly especially if a palsie either of the Arms and Hands or of the Legs and Feet do follow thereupon VIII Of the Patella or Whirl-bone of the Knee which is known by inability to go and an hollowness which is perceived in the place of the fracture It happens either long waies and then the bones are easily joyned together again Or athwart or slanting Then no art can so help it as to hinder the Patient from halting IX Of the Bones of the Feet which is wont to be caused by an heavy and strong thing 'T is easily known by sight and touch because the parts are fleshless It is not so dangerous See Galen upon Hippocrates of the Joynts and Fractures And so much shal suffice to have spoken touching External Diseases THE SEVENTH BOOK OF THE IDEA OF PRACTICAL PHYSICK Touching Feavers HItherto we have treated of the external Diseases of the Body The internal are either universal which affect the whol Body or Particular which vex some parts only The Vniversal are Feavers A Feaver is considered generally or specially Generally considered 't is divided into Non-putrid and Putrid Hectick Malignant and Pestilential Title I. Of Feavers in General A Feaver in general is an hot Distemper of the whole Body arising from an Heat Preternaturally kindled in the heart and by means of the spirits and blood through the Veins and Arteries diffused into the whol Body and hurting the natural actions thereof by a Crowd of Symptomes The Part affected is the Heart wherein the heat is first kindled and soon after the whol Body at least in respect of the noble parts somtimes For the Heat being diffused possesses the parts either Habitudinally or Habitually Also their temper consisting in the innate and influent Heat is changed Now this Distemper is joyned somtimes with dryness other whiles with Moisture Hence though the feaverish heat do alwaies tend to dryness yet oft times the disposition of the Body upon which that heat acts and the moisture do hinder the Body from falling into a Morbifick Dryness The Cause is whatsoever kindles Heat in the Body Now heat is kindled 1. By Motion whiles the rest of the parts by frequent smiting one against another causing a conflux of more Humors than can be discussed do grow hot 2. By Putrefaction while by the external Heat the internal is called forth 3. By Contact and Nearness of some hot thing 4. By stopping of the pores and interception of sharp vapors and Sooty steams which makes the body unhealthy and this is the Principal Cause without which other Causes can hardly effect any thing 5. By the mixinre of some hot thing The CURE of a feaver in general is performed by Alteration wherein such a progress must be used as that the Cause be not fomented and by mitigation of Symptomes The principal Symptomes are 1. Thirst the inner coat of the stomach being either parched with the burning heat or soaked with an hot sharp and nitrous Humor 2. Hiccuping sharp and biting Humors twitching and nipping the Stomach 3. Vomiting either by reason of an hot and Chollerick Humor or a very cold Humor or of a thick and Clammy matter or some Vapour 4. Loosness of the Belly when the stomach is so far irritated that it can in no wise embrace or digest the meate and when liquors extreamly cold are drunk down 5. Dryness Blackness and Roughness of the Tongue by reason of sooty Vapours which so burn the same that the Spittleish moisture is consumed which arise somtimes from a clammy humor sticking about the Teeth jaws beclam fur the Mouth 6. Lipothymia and Syncope Swowning and Fainting which somtimes proceeds from the permicious nature of the Humor and somtimes from rusty green or black Choler fermenting and coming out of the Veins into the Heart 7. Shortness of Breath occasioned by the oppression of the Midrif through the fervency of green Choler boyling about the heart or by plenty of Humors somtimes t is caused by the heat of the Heart or Lungs when
Transpiration has place or from the straitness of the pores of the skin for hot things in an hot place if they have not freedom of aââe doe suddenly putrifie or from the obstruction of the Vessels and Passages in the Body A Feaver Ephemera especially in hot Natures Heat arising from the Nonnatural things Nearness of putrified humors 2. In the Continuance is the fault of the parts ordained for Concoction Inquination or Defilement remaining after the Paroxysme which inserts the humors herein The Cure for the most part does not oppose the Feaver so as to neglect the Cause especially if the Remedies for the Feaver doe encrease the Cause unless the Feaver be very great Yet sometimes we may resist the Feaver and neglect the Cause namely when it is remiss The safest way is so to direct the Cure to the one as not to neglect the other It is performed 1. By Blood-letting which must be practised 1. For evacuation to put the blood in motion and to cool the same 2. In continual Feavers on the third day in intermitting Feavers after the third day in all having first given a gentle Lenitive if any thing reside in the first waies and when the disease is most remiss 3. When the evil humors are not in the first passages but are mingled with the blood in Vena Cava 4. When there is plenitude It must be repeated the same day if it be done for Evacuation sometime after if for Revulsion II. By Vomiting rightly instituted with Aqua Benedict a Rulandi Asarum Roots c. III. By Purgation then Lenitives ought to precede by reason of the stomachs weakness and plenty of humors in the Mesaraick Veins and stoppage of the Belly at the beginning either by Clisters or Potions Stronger Medicaments ought to follow 1. There having preceded both Coction which must be observed in Feavers especially such as are continual and acute according to the precept of Hippocrates by which Nature assisted with art makes separation of putrid humors mingled with the blood Praeparation which opens the passages and waies by opening Medicaments here Cichories Endives and Sorrels have place and impediments in the humors are removed where syrupe of Vinegar of the Juice of Citrons have place and a dram of Spirit of Tartar compound which must be given with caution in cholerick natures by reason of the Treacle water 2. Which must be omitted if the Humors are not in the first passages but mixed with the blood in the Veins If the Humors are turgent that is either move to some determinate part or are so disposed that they may run violently into some part For the feverish matrer is wont at the beginning though little because like Leven it corrupts the rest of the humors to be moved by nature and either to be thrown out of the body or to be thrust into the more ignoble parts of the body IV. By sweating provoked by Sudorifick medicaments and that not very hot least the Fever be increased yet sufficient least the matter should be only stirred administered after other evacuations least Transpiration should be more hindered Yet is it allowable in the beginning sometimes to give strong sudorificks that the said ferment may be dissipated to dispose the patients body to sweat through the whol disease that the body may freely transpire To repeat it as often as need shal be that the matter may be accustomed to expulsion Salt of Wormwod of Centory of Carduus benedictus Spirit and Rob or quiddinie of dwarf-elder of Elder Magistery of Mother of Perle of Crabs-Eyes Antimonium diaphoreticum c. are commended V. Diet in which are principally considerable 1. Meat which ought to be of good juice easie of digestion of small excrement so that great respect be had to the patients strength the disease and morbifick Cause The times of the disease it self must be observed least the patients strength be overwhelmed The Quantity Quality and manner of the use ought to be weighed Howbeit a more liberal diet may be used the strength of the Patient being diminished by Evacuation A thin when it is weak by suffoeation that plenitude may be diminished and nature the better betake her self to the Concoction of Humors A very nourishing one to preserve the strength Medicamental to drive away the Disease and its cause At any time when the strength is decayed by Evacuation and fasting In the declination or intermission the Patients strength being suffocated by the vehemence of the Disease 2. Drink which ought to be nourishing in the Patients weakness And Medicinal in reference to the Disease and its Cause Such is a Decoction of Barley Oxymel Whey corrected with Annis-seed Fennel-seed and Cumin-seed Cooling Juleps In the first daies of continual Feavers little afterwards more plentifully In Agues when the fit is near none at al least the separation and exclusion of the putrifying Humor should be hindred when sweat is ready to break forth hot to further the same The Wine in Agues must be austere and hard because such Wine moistens further excretions and is more easily distributed into the body in continual Feavers about the beginning of Coction little in quartans before in the Progress of the Disease more In the Declination if there be weakness The feaverish heat be not intense Crudity of the matter prohibit not Head-ach and like disorders be absent Chap. 1. Of Continent putrid Feavers Article I. Of the Synochus Putrida Putrid Feavers specially considered are either Continent as Synochus putrida Causus or Continuae Periodicae or Intermittents Synochus putrida is a feaver arising from blood putrified in the vena cava without any periodical Remission and Intention afflicting alike from the begining to the End It is also termed Pur Fire because of its very great Heat Assodes because it makes the Patient very unrestible Taraxodes because it vexes the Sick with imaginary Apparitions And Pericaes Puretos the burning fever because of the Excess of burning Heat The Pathognomonick or peculiar Signs are extream thirst and burning Heat howbeit the thirst is allaied by coughing which causes an Afflux of humors To these signes are added great tumblings and tossings of the Body by reason of great heat and the acrimony of thin vapours which in every part vex the body The Vrin is little in quantity through plenty of sweat and heat which consume the same somtimes t is crude and troubled which by the settling of the adventitious parts and evaporation of the turbulent spirits doth afterwartd waxe cleare somtimes t is thin very cholorick and flame-colored The stooles unless the dung be scorched and hardened by the feavers Heat are liquid and saffron-colored choler being shed into the belly and making the dung thin The pulse is quick frequent and unequal swifter in the Contraction because the Arteries by suddain compression indeavour to expel those sooty vapours which greiviously afflict the heart Breathing is laboursome and expiration is quicker than drawing-in of the air
peculiarly affected produces This sort afflicts with sharper Heat Thirst and Watchings They are subject to it who abound with choler The pulse is vehement swift hard The Urine flame-colord and thin 'T is finished in the compass of seven or of fourteen Exasperations It is not deadly unless either some remarkable Error be committed or some malignity attend the same Another is Flegmatick or Melancholick when Flegmatick or Melancholick blood is mixed with Cholerick where together with coolers things gently warming and cutting are to be mixed 'T is termed Notha or a bastard Continual Tertian Point 2. Of a Continual quotidian or every day Feaver A continual quotidian is a Feaver raised by the Phlegmatick Humor putrifying in the Branches of Vena Cava which is exasperated every day It s SIGN is a daily Exasperation which happens towards the Evening because of the natural motion of flegm about that time with heat which is at first feeling mild but afterwards more vehement by reason of the slow and uneven kindling thereof caused by the variety of the parts of Flegm With a light coldness of the extream parts of the Body which nevertheless is not found in al these Feavers The CAUSE is the Humor of Flegm putrifying which is proper to old Men because of their coldness to Children through their greedy eating It Causes so pertinacious and stubborne a Feaver that it lasts somtimes three score daies its beginning reaching to the twentieth day it vehemently weakens the Stomach whence arises a Cachexy and Dropsie The CURE ought to be thus mannaged 1. The first passages must be evacuated with Clysters or Lenitive Medicaments in which case Honey of Roses is effectual or the Stomach must be purged with Vomit 2. Let a Vein be opened if Nature be oppressed with overgreat plenty of Humors and the Urins be thicker and redder than ordinary 3. Purge by stool when signes of coction appear premising attenuators that heat not much first with a gentle then with a stronger Medicament Agarick trochisked Hicra picra Pils of Fumitory are good in this case 4. Procure Sweatings after the matter is lessened with Salt of Wormwood and of Carduus Benedictus and a little Treacle 5. Let strengtheners be given viz. Trochisks of Rhubarb of Wormwood and of Agrimony c. 6. Let the Diet be sparing for three daies if there be Crudities in the Stomach and in the first waies At first give Hydromel or smal Metheglin to drink instead of wine or beer and let no fish be Eaten in the whole course of the Disease This Feaver is divided three manner of waies I. One sort is Simple and Exquisite which arises only from flegm and has fits eighteen hours long Another is bastard when flegm is joyned with other Humors II. Another is termed Epiala in which in the smallest particles of the body understand to the sense both heat and cold are felt at one and the same time It arises either from flegm mingled with Choler or from Glassie flegm which in that part that is putrified is hot in that which is not putrified is cold T is Cured in the same manner that other putrid Feavers are but we must observe 1. That Blood-letting is hurtful 2. That spirit of Nitre in Juniper water is excellent to cut flegm 3. That vomiting must not be neglected which may be procured by six ounces of Juniper water distilled per Descensum 4. Care must be had of the Stomach which nine drops of Oyl of Vitriol with three spoonfuls of the best Canary wil strengthen and cut the flegm or two ounces of Aquae Vitae stilled out of Juniper berries by way of Descent III. Another is called Syncopalis by reason of the swoning fits which is either Minuta so called springing from a thin Humor little in quantity but venemous and corrupt or Humorous proceeding from plenty of Flegmatick and crude humors with weakness of the stomachs Mouth frequent faintings away The best way to proceed in the Cure is 1. By Rubbings in such whose skin is more than ordinarily hard 2. By loosing the belly with Manna and Cream of Tartar 3. By Digestion and Evacuation of Humors giving such things as are necessary for the Syncope 4. By a thin Diet in which wine may likewise have place Point 3. Of a continual Quartan Feaver A continual Quartan Feaver is a Feaver arising from Melancholy blood putrifying in the branches of Vena Cava whose heat alwaies endures but is Exasperated and Augmented every fourth day Its SIGNS are obtuse Heat but sharp and pricking by reason of the Density and dryness of the putrified Humor which causes the Feaver The Pulse at first smal slow and buryed as it were under the skin afterwards great ful and swifter than in an Ague Somtimes the Patient Spawles much which argues either the overgreat moisture of the Stomach or the Spleens fault in not separating the Melancholy Humor It s CAUSE is Melancholy blood putrefying in the middle sort of Veins and springing from its proper causes The CURE is altogether hard both because it lasts to the fortieth day and further unless peradventure it be a Summer Quartan and likewise because seeing that Humor is hard to putrifie it argues there is a great cause 'T is Performed 1. By opening the inner Vein of the left Arme. 2. Cy Preparation of the Humor which must tend much to moistening 3. by Purgation with Melanagogues frequently repeated as also the use of sweaters and piss-drivers 4. by strengthening the Patient with borrage bugloss Citron juyce c. 5. by Diet which ought to be cutting moistening and cooling c. Article 2. Of a continual Symptomatick Feaver Symptomatick Feavers are such as follow upon other Diseases which being removed the said Feavers Cease Their Signs Causes and Cures are to be drawn from those Disease which they wait upon Their Differences are sundry I. One sort is That which follows the Inflamation of some inward partespecially and which is neare the heart or has a consent and sympathy therewith the Vapors which arise out of the blood shed into the part inflamed and putrifying there being communicated to the heart and heating the same It is as many-fold as the Inflamation is The Cure respects the Inflamation II. Another sort there is termed Lipyrias in which during the whole course of the Disease the inner parts are as it were burning up with Heat and the outer parts meane while cold It arises from a vehement inflamation or Erysipelas of some internal part especially the Stomach the blood and spirits having recourse to the part inflamed Either the Cure is not to be undertaken or if it be undertaken resistance must be made inwardly against the putrefaction and extream heat external after the parts have been rubbed heaters and openers of the pores must be applied In which case Oyl of Dill and Oyl of Orice Root with oyl of Vitriol and strong spirit of Juniper berries are good III. Another is slow which is hereby
the patient be troubled with Heart burning stomach fickness and desire to vomit but so as the humors be not thereby drawn out of the veins to the first passages Salt of vitriol Asarum Broome water of pismiers or Aunts are commended if warily administred 3. By Blood-letting if the Humor have penetrated out of the first region of the body into Vena cava which is known by the redness of the Urines and it ought to be performed upon the day of the Agues Intermission 4. By preperation with cooling medicaments moistening and such as cleanse the first passages Taraxacum or dandelion sorrel Barly Cichory Spirit of vitreol Cream of tarter Tartarum vitriolatum syrup of juyce of Citrons are good also these specificks Centory Devils-bit c. 5. By purgation down wards and that for the most part on the wel day yet on the fit day if the matter of it selfe encline to go away by stoole Rubarb is good and syrup of Cichory with Rubarbe 6. By sweat procured by sudorificks salt of wormwood of Centori of Cardus Harts-horn prepared Magestiry of Mother of Pearle which are to be given either before the fit or in the end thereof 7. By strengthening the Liver and stomach Salt of wormwood dissolved in spirit of Niter and againe coagulated into Christals is good being taken to the quantity of a scruple 8. By application of topicks such are the Cataplasme of Mynsichtus P. 368. The pouder of a dryed manchet beaten with greene sage the white of an egge and a little vinegar being added and so bound to the wrist The Herb Potentilla wild tansie or wild Aegrimony beaten with salt and vinegar and so applied to the pulses and the soles of the feet in the fit A Cataplasme or pultise of Bryony Rootes Black Hellebor bay salt white pepper saffron and figs. 'T is divided into Exquisit Bastard an Pernicious I. The Exquisit Intermitting Tertian is hereby known 1. In that the shaking coldness at the first comming is vehement and pricking arising from an humor and Vapour very thin and smal in quantity shipping out of the veins 'T is smal if the matter be plentiful and not easily moved more vehement by how much the matter is thinner and sharper the expulsive faculty stronger and the sence of the parts more exquisite 2. In that the Heat is much sharp and biting and spreads it selfe al over the body in the Hight of the Hot fit And if you hold your hand long upon the patient it grows gentler by reason of the easy discussion at what time the body is al over bedewed with a gentle moisture 3. In that the pulse at the Beginning of the fit is smal and slow the matter being not yet conquered by the oppressed heat yet is it not drawn back in the Progress of the fit 't is vehement swift frequent a little hard straitned by reason of the store of matter newly inflamed like green wood more swift in the Intermission of the dilatation by reason of the heat of the smal quantity of humor remaining in the Chimney of putrefaction communicated to the rest of the humors and carried to the heart 4. In that the fits last not above twelve howers 5. In that the Urine is reddish and yellowish of a midling Consistence shewing a white cloud or a swim in the first fit and then the Ague lasts not beyond the fourth fit It arises from choler sometimes resembling that which in the Gal-blader regurgitating into the first passages somtimes verdigreise colored or green bred in the stomach and veins The cure is now of the hardest for 't is terminated for the most part within the compass of seven fits It is ended either by sweat if the humor be cast bak into the veins which are in the surface of the Body or by vomit and stoole if to the stomak and entrals or by name of these if a great part consist in the misaraick veins and then the patient feels a pressure pains and Inflamations about the midrif Blood-lettiug must be administred before the third fit least it fal in with the state of the dissease The Bastard tertian is hereby knowne in that the Heat is milder nor is it diffused through the whole Body In that it is terminated neither by vomit nor sweat by by egresse of vapours in the Declination In that the Pulse is at first hard the hardness encreasing til the seventh day growing afterwards more soft as the Urines become better digested In that the fit lastes many times eighteen houers and the Ague reaches to the fourteenth and somtimes to the twentyth day It ariseth from cholor mixed with melancholy or flegme nor is it generated only in summer but in the Spring Autumne and Winter In the Cure a vein must be opened after the third fit when a good quantity of the morbifick matter is mingled with the blood in Vena Cava In the Praparation we must have an eye to the Diversity of Humors III. The Pernicious Tertian which happens from seven causes 1. If an Error be committed by the Patient or Physition 2. If that Humor which ought to be sent out of the vessels by reason of their closure do come to settle in some principal member 3. If it be too Thin and putrid For thence come frequent swownings and over great sweats without any ease to the patient 4. If it have some peculiar pravity either through adustion or badness of diet For the humors being inflamed roughnes of the tongue and unquenchable thirst are thereby caused Holowness of the eyes by reason of the wastings of spirits Fiery Urin with cholerick stools Anulcerous pain of the whole Body Paucity of sweat by reason of the thickness of the matter 5. If a thick humor melted by heat settle in some part Hence follows by reason of the difficulty and faculty of 't is inflamation an inequality of being heated The melting and plenty of a thick humor and which semed to be little in the greater vessells but by rarefaction caused by Heat it becomes in the smal vessels more in quantity Hence it is that the hot fit is interupted by a cold and the cold fit by an hot The Urin becomes watery of much and thick sediment The pulse is sometimes intercepted In the declination sweat issues from the navil to the head Neither Augment nor state nor declinotion are equal 6. If it a contagious or pestillent malignity 7. If âhe Heat either draw the womb in conceit and move the humors contained therein or cause a dangerous Catarh Tissick or Gout Article II. Of a Quotidian Intermittent A Quotidian Intermittent is a feaver arising from flegme putrifying in the misaraick veins and aflicting the patient with every day a fresh fit ' Its SIGNS are The foregoing of such causes as breed flegm ' Its dayly Assaults which are for the most part in the night time whence it is more dangerous by reason of the unseasonabelness of giving Physick at that time and they come
Differences are taken from the Quanrity and color 1. Some are plentiful others few 2. Soââe smal others great 3. Some are red from putrefaction of temperate blood others Yellow or Green from choler others of a Pomegranâââ and Black-choler from Melancholy c. Article IV. Of the Hungarian Disease Morbus Hungaricus is a continual feaâer malignant and contagious Joânââl with abundance of evil bumorâ about the stomaââ and first Passages and with an extream he adach It may be called the Compe or Soldiers-sickness because it had its original in the Soldiers Camps Its Signs are the same with those of malignant Feavers Also great pains in the Head as also hardness aboue the stomach and are renitency to the touch I under the Mucronata Cartilage cavings which cease when the matter turnes to the Ears and causes Deafness many times spotâ appear as in the spotted Feaver c. The CAUSE is either their Putrefaction and corrouption of Humors in Veâââ Caââ or Contagion The CURE is hopeful if the matter rend to the Ears If it be Evacuated by ãâã 'T is Performed according to the Nature of the Causes which see in the Differences and has great respect both to the Feaver and the malignity 'T is divided with respect to the Causes One sort comes from Corruption of humors in the Vena Cava which are cumulated by Errors in Diet. For the Hungarian Air is thick a Nights thin and hot a daies The Soldiers neceive in the Vapors which exâââe from the ground Their Diet is commonly had and tending of it self to putrefaction c. 'T is known by the Diet foregoing and pain of the stomach 'T is Cured 1. By drawing forth the Humors both by stoole where Agarick is commended and by vomit also by opening a Vein in the Arme or Ankle which must be done the first or second day if some daies are slipped and either the belly be loose or vomiting happen omit it 2. By Dispelling the maliguity by moderate Sudorâficks frequently given where both Antimony Diaphoretick and Treacle are useful given in cooling Waters 3. By Diet suitable to malignant Feavers Those that drink Wine ââesure to die for it Another comes by Contagion or Infection in which case Purgeâs ãâã Vomiters must be âmiteed and only the maligniây resisââ Article V. Of the Sweating sickness the ââlignant Feaver with Cramping ãâã that with the Cough and Cataââ The Sââor Anglicus or sweating-Feaver began in England in the daâes of Heneây the seventh vexing the Patients with exâââam Head-ach Vnquietness Panting of the heart pââpeâual and plentyful sweats The Cââse is said to be the moist and Venemous Constitution of the Air enemy to the spirits Heart and more subâile part of Humors one peculiar Influx of the stars concurring to the said Corruption T was Cured meerly with Sudorificks viz. Sorrel Water Scabious water Terra Sigillata c. The sweat was ââââinâed twenty four ãâã ours together The Patient was not permitted to sleep ãâã the sweat was overâ nor to be uncovered but was in the mean while refreshed with the Juyce of Ciârons Pomegââats c. The Malignant Feaver with a Cramp which arose in Germany in the year 1596. Does vex the Patient with sundry Symptomes and the Cramp among the rest Many were suddenly taken some with falling sicknesâ others with the Apoplexy in some ravings did endure for some daies by reason of the Contagion which in the space of two years after did Glew it self spread abroad c. 'T is Caused as was thought by pesââlent Ichors or blood-waters and malignant Vapors infesting the Nerves Which were judged to arise from bad diet occasiond by a general Death In the Câââ the had and Veâemouâ matter was removed and the Nerves being debiliated were made strong again See touching this Disease a discourse of the Phyââtians of the Vââââty of Marpurge and Sennertus Book 4. Chap. â6 De Febâibâs A. Malignant Feaver with a Catarrh and Epidemiââ Cough arose in the year 1980. And about the rising of the Dog star or beginning of the Dog daies it ranged almost al Europe over It took the Patients with a feaverish heat Head-ach and dry Cough pain of the brest and Septum Transversum roughness of the Jaws shortness of breath c. 'T is thought to arise from the moist constitution of the forgoing years and continual blowing of the South âwind The Feavers Cause might be the Rheumatick matter diffused through the Veins unless hapily the Feaver being the pââmacy Disease I Nature endeavoured to eject part of the Humor she was troubled with that way In the Cure respect was had to the Humor which Fomented the malignity which was expelled and the malignity it self which was encountted with Alexipharmaca and the Reliques of the Humor were altered To the Member affected which was assisted by appropriate Medicaments Title VI. Of Pestilential Feavers A Pestilential Feaver is a continual putrid Feaver which arises cheifly from the Air and Contagion kils most it seazes receives Putrefaction and beat from the destructive and Venemous Nature of the poysonous Seminary and afflicts the Patient with Bubo's and Carbuncles and greater Symptomes than are usual in malignant Feavers Its SIGNS are Symptomes Fewer and milder than are usual in the Plague of which we shal treat in the next Chapter fee more in the Differences The CAUSES are the same with those of the Plague and differ only in respect of the Contagion Vehemence and Magnitude The CURE is hard or easie according to the multitude Paucity Benignity or Vehemence of the Symptomes Regard is therein to be had both of the Pestilential Venom and of the Putrefaction and Feaver which are to be compared one to another T is Performed I. By Sudorificks not very hot especially if the malignity and Putrefaction are more urgent Distilled waters are most efficacious and Volatil salt of Harts-born II. By Blood-letting before the malignity be shed abroad into the whole Mass of Blood other things being considered which are contained in the general Precepts III. By Purgation of the first Passages especially by Clysters especially if bad Humors abounding be the Cause but Antidotes must be given afterwards IV. By Application of Vesicatories to the Thighs Armes the bending of the Arm as the place shal advise to which the matter we would reveal or derive does take its Cause or about which t is cheifly resident This Feaver admits a threefold Division I. One sort comes with the Pestilence another is without the Pestilence II. One sort in which Both Putrefaction and malignant are at the Height Then the Patients are extream weakened and by reason of the Putrefaction divers Symptomes as watching Headâach Unquenchable thirst c. Shew themselves Another in which Putrefaction is high and the malignity remiss Then the Patients are not so much weakened the Heat in the outward parts is answerable to the Putrefaction til the state about which time if the Patient must die the outer parts begin to be luke warm
soon after grow cold Another in which the Putrefaction is remiss and the Malignity Vehement Then the Feaver is gentle and the Heart exceedingly hurt It kils the Patient while the Patient and Physician are secure of any danger III. One sort is beleeved to be an Ephemera another Humoral another Hectick But because the spirits are not only heated but also corrupted because the heart is not only affected in its temper but vitiated in its substance no Pestilential Feavers can be either Ephemera's or Hectick Howbeit because some difference appeares among them and now the heart it self at another time the spirits and another while the Humors are most affected by reason of the similitude it has with others properly so called it may receive such a Denomination A Single Chapter Of the Pestilence THe Pestilence is a Contagious Disease of the Heart bred of a Venemous and Contagious matter Suddainly and mortally afflicting al the Actions of the Heart with an Heap of al kind of Symptomes It is a Disease and that 1. Epidemick because of the common Cause and of the infection 2. Joyned with Putrefaction so as not to be judged of cheifly thereby for so a Pothists shal be more pestilent in putrid Feavers there should not be more heat than in the Venemous sort Antidotes were needless nor does it alwaies cause a feaver as appears by many instances 3. Venemous because it oppresses al the vital faculties and suddenly kils The SIGNES are either of it when coming as ' its being in neighboring places the proceding of such things as may infect the air such as filchy vapors issuing from the earth corruption of fruits Effectes of the aire enclining to corruption as are great abundance of toad-stools withering of plants multitude of Insects frighting of the Cattle mustiness and clamines of bread exposed to the nights Air soon stinking of flesh plenty of smal poxe and measels c. Or present a suspition whereof is when very many that are taken sick die if it creep from one sick person to another If the patients be suddenly extreamly weakned If Bubo's and carbuncles appear in a place the aire being infected If the spots called plage tokens be seen upon the dead bodies The CAUSE of the pestilence is a venemous contagious matter This proceeds I. From the Aire which is sometimes prepared to receive the pestelence by mutation of the first Qualities somtimes 't is corrupted without any mutation either by permission of sundry exhalations breaking forth of the earth and waters especially when Saturn passes through the signes of Aries Capricorn and sagitrius being after an accute manner and totally adverse to the Heart or by some hidden aspect or Influxe of the stars II. From Bad Diet where the saltiness of the Humors the sooner shewes it selfe if som occasion happen from the Aire III. From the witchcrafts of Necromancers living and infecting and of dead witches which are laide in their graves before their Heads are seperatted from their shoulders IV. From imagination and Terror which agitate the humors in the body stir up the pestilential seminary and plant it deep in the heart Touching the Contagion we have spoke in the first Book The Physitions Care respects three things Preservation cure and Removal of Symptoms As for the point of preservation I. The Causes which infer the pestilence must be removed II. The Bodies must be made less apt to receive the pestilence Let therefore the body be purged thrice a week with pil ruffi a scruple Let not the body be weakened by Blood-letting Let Meat be used of excellent Juyce sawsed with antidotes An Yssue may sometimes be made to give the Humors scope The Air must be kept pure with fier and perfumes Let the nostrils be nostrils be smeared with vinegar oyl of scorpions c. Leâ Amulets be hanged about the neck of quick silver inclosed in a out-shel Arsnick c. Nor let any thing be mingled with the Arsnick to abate ' its Vertue Nor let these amulets be heated by motion least they penetrate through the pores into the Body Amongst Antidotes Treackle is comended Electuary de Ono Elixir proprietatis Bezoar stone Salt of vine branches and of Millefoile Extractum Junipernium c. Let Hot medicaments be tempered and first macerated in vinegar The CURE is absolved I. By Blood-letting which must be perforemed after the taking of an antidot if there be so much plenty of blood that a putrid feaver is feared in any side if there be no piane if there be on the Arme of that side where the pain is unless a Carbuncle shal cause great paine and inflamation in the space of twenty soure Houers II. By purgation after an antidote has bin given if il humors give suspition of a seaver to follow if the pestilence have risen from an inward corruption of Humors III By giving Sudorificks and Alexipharmaca among simples the Hereinian Vnicorne is commended The blood of a Rhinocerote five drops given in sorrel water A bit of his hide boyled in water of sorrel in which red hot-gold must be quenched The juyce of the Pap of the Brasiliah fruit called Muracujao Hasu The Berry of Molââââ poudered to the quantity of five graines in rose or sorel water The juyce of Galega or Ruta Capraria the quantity of three ounces c. Of compounds the syrup Melissa Fernelii Septalius his syrup or succo Galegae Quidiny of elder berries with Treakel Vinegar Crollius his Elixir pestilential Diascordium three drams especially in women with child and in children Pouder of smaragd stone prepared Bezar stone of each eight grains Hiacinth praepared three grains see Sennertus of Feavers towards the End In the Vse of these things observe Hot antidotes like treacle must be tempered with such as are of a colder nature That treacle and Methridate and other stronger medicaments must not be given to women with child nor to children Such as have weakness in their stomach and Head must abstaine from Camphorat Medicaments Some Medicament is to be given or other thrice every four and twenty houers At first the medicaments must be very often changed least nature growing accustomed come not to be moved thereby Waters Spirits and such other things as wil most easily penetrate must be given principally The patient must abstaine from sleep til he or shee have under gone two sweats While the sweating lasts refresh the Patient with the Juyce of Citrons Carduus water c. The sweat being finished cold Air must be avoided and the sick refreshed with meat Symptomes of the Pestilence are the Bubo the Carbuncle the Burning Feaver The Bubo imports less dnager if it be great and eminent if it breaks out at first and in the groins It is more deadly if it be lead colored and black If it lie lurking under the Skin If it breaks forth beneath the Neck or under the armpits on the third or fourth day Most dangeour if it vanish and leave the Patient weak When it
when cold or hotter then is usual for the remedying whereof such things as are thereunto opposit are necessarily required and very serviceable Another proceeds from things internal whether overhot or overcold 2. There is another Species of it by its Essence and then a pain and heaviness of the Head undoubtedly preceded without any affects of the inferior parts This is to be cured by internal discussives and the scent of things that are appropriate unto the Head There is another kind thereof that is by Consent or agreement with some other parts and then the Neck veins are distended the Urins in the top or superficies of them filled ful of little windy bubbles winds arise either by the fore part with the extension or stretching out of the Breast and the beating of the Arteries at the very bottom thereof or else by the hinder or back part together with a distension of the Veins and Arteries of the same aforesaid part They arise from other parts that lie underneath In the Cure regard is to be had first of al unto revulsion or drawing back the offending matter by Clysters somwhat stronger than ordinary and next unto repulsion or driving byck the said peccant matter externally by Application of things made up of Vinegar and Roses as above said and internally by the Conserve of Roses c. And then lastly special regard ought to be had unto Evacuation by purgers corrected with Carminatives III. Another Division is from the Humors and this is either proceeding from the Blood or else it is Cholerick or Flegmatick or serous and wheyie or otherwise it is Melancholy and Adust as consisting of burnt Choler I. The Sanguin Distemper of the Brain proceedeth from the blood either over thin or too thick It is known unless it proceed from some external Cause by the extension and heaviness of the Head Especially when the South West wind blows the redness of the Eyes the gentle and moderate heat and by the pain of the forepart thereof from the Ninth hour of the Night unto the third hour of the morning or day following It ariseth from a Plethory and its Causes It is derived into Act and made to appear by the extream and over vehement affections and passions of the Mind much drinking of wine and by such other things that cause heat or pain in the Head The Cure must forthwith be set upon and attempted lest that an inflamation or some other affect should flow therefrom And this is accomplished 1. By the Diversion of that blood that is flown into it by opening the Cephalick or Head Vein or else the Saphena and Foot Vein if there be a suppression of the Monthly Courses or of the Hemorrhoides for by no means we are in this case to attempt the opening of an Artery for fear that the Tumor Aneurisma should follow which aforesaid blood-letting doth both Evacuaâe or empty forth and draw back the peccant humor as also by the Application of Cupping-Blasses unto the Loyns shoulder blades and Neck and likewise by a gentle Evacuation as also by repulsion or driving back which is effected by the Use of repellers that in the winter are potentially cold but in the Summer time actually such if the sick person be young unless there be present a Catarrh and this repulsion ought to be instituted by frictions or rubbings II. By a sensible drawing forth of the blood that hath flown in by the passage of the Nostrils rubbed hard and chafed with Milfoil or Yarrow by opening of the Vein that runneth strait along into the forehead if it be the hinder part that is affected by Discussion and by a Convenient Diet. II. The cholerick distemper of the Brain proceeds from the Superabounding of choler It is known by that sharp and pricking pain especially on the right side by the extraordinary burning heat by the depravation of the actions of the Brain by the many and those very yellow excrements of the Ears and lastly by the bitterness of the Mouth It ariseth from Causes generating Choler It is divided into that which is such by its Essence in which the Cure is to be administred I. By opening the Vein of the right Arm after a gentle Clyster and without the ordayning of any preparative before it if there be not any Feaver present II. By Preparation if it be needful by cooling and moistening Cephalick Medicaments which ought to be more or less strong according to the power and strength of the choler III. By Purgation with Aloticks that is such Medicaments as have Aloes for their basis and other Remedies that are specially appropriated unto the Brain IV. By wasting and consuming the remainders or reliques where Camphire by reason of the over much want of sleep ought carefully to be avoyded V. By Digestion in the use of digestive Medicaments VI. By a Diet that is wholly opposite unto the distemper And Secondly it is divided into that which is by Consent in which we are to proceed according to that way and Method formerly mentioned and laid down III. The Pituitous or Flegmatick distemper of the Brain is known by the signs alleadged and mentioned in the cold distemper of the Brain The sleep in this case is very profound and deep or at lestwise over much unless haply the Flegm being loosened and dissolved a Catarry and Cough be thereupon excited The pain is most of al in the hinder part of the head afflicting the Patient from the third hour of the night unto the ninth There is likwise an extraordinary paleness in the face unless perchance it happen to be colored or as it were painted al over with a certain kind of redness through the dayly continual residence of a part of the blood brought and derived thiâher It ariseth from Causes generating flegm more especially from a cold Brain a hot and moist Liver which transmits thiâher a sort of blood that is ful of Vapors The Cure hereof is something difficult especially in the winter time and this very Disease doth easily degenerate and turn into the Apoplexy and Palsie The cure is porformed I. By Alteration after the clearing and Evacuation of the first waies and passages and this must be done by Cephalick Medicaments hot and dry at first benign and gentle and afterward by degrees stronger and these ought frequently to be reiterated and here we may prosperously Act by the Decoction of Chyna Root Guajacum and Sassafras II. By Purgation now and then interposed during the time of Alteration and here the Pills Assajereth Aureae and Cochiae or the Extract of these have their place and use III. By a particular Evacuation by medicines put up into the Nostrils by Masticatories Gargarisms washings of the Mouth c. IV. By the Application of Topical Remedies among which Fomentations Embrochations Sacculy or little baggs by al which the matter is insensibly evacuated have their place and use V. By Application of a Cautery unto the coronal Suture or else by
making an Issue in the Neck if the Distemper be altogether refractory and wil not give place noâ yield unto the aforesaid Remedies VI. By Corroboration which is effected by appropriat Cephalicks VII By a Diet that is opposite and contrary unto the Cause and the distemper It is divided into that which is from thick Flegm where preparatives have their place as being of singular use neither may blood-letting in this case be safely allowed of and that which ariseth from Flegm that is thin and fluid and which excites and begetts a Catarry and in removing of which sneezing wort and al sorts of Sternutatories and Errhina liquid Mediâaments to be puâ up into the Nostrils that are over strong and violent ought carefully to be avoyded IV. The Sercus or Wheyish distemper oâ the brain is known by those signs and tokens that are before mentioned It is derived unto the Head either sensibly and by degrees especially together with the Arterial blood it self and likewise the spirits or else al at once by reason of some external more forcible Causes to wit overmuch drinking of wine anger violent exercises c. It is Cured I. By the Evacuation of the serous Humor from the Brain without the premising or use of any preparatives whatsoever This Evacuation is performed 1. By a purgation of the Humor with such Remedies as draw forth water 2. By blood-letting especially if there be present any Feaver although never so gentle and an extraordinary heat which moveth the serous part of the blood unto the Head and in case the accostomed Evacuation be suppressed 3. By the Exhibition of Sudorificks that are over hot as for instance Antimonium Diaphoriticum Bezoarticks the Lunar Fumary c. 4. By the drinking of Diureticks which are likewise very good and profitable to the spleen II. by Correcting the Distemper for which purpose we usually prescribe the powder of a mans bones drying Lotions c. III. by Diet touching which fee and consult the practical Physitians V. The Melancholy distemper of the brain is known by the dotage that accompanyeth it together with fearfulness and sadness a pain especially on the left side turbulent dreams and oftentimes a sudden loss of al motion Is Proceedeth from Causes that generate Melancholy The Cure hereof is easie in its beginning It is Accomplished I. by the reiterated Preparation of the Melancholly Humor after the Purgation of the first waies and passages by the use of those medicaments that both heat and moisten among which the syrup of apples is excellently good II. By the evaccuation of the said humor by purging potions at first such as are genttle but afterward such as are stronger in opperation and here for this purpose Lapis Lazuli is much commended adding thereunto such things as moisten after which there must immedeiatly follow an evacuation by the frequent use of those remedies that we term Errhina and other such like III. by corroberating and strengthening the Brain by the confection Alkermes with other suchlike confections IV By diet iâ the which vinegar in regaââ that it doth ferment and as it were leaven and sowr the mellancholly humor is principally to be avoided It is divided into that that is Essencially such in which likwise the opening of the cephalick or head vein of the left arme and a copious letting out of the blood if it be black but a more sparing evacuation thereof if pure hath its place and use and into that which ariseth from the suppression ether of the Monthly Courses or of the hemorrhoides in which case revulsion and the opening of the Ankel vein is to be put in practise VI The Atrabiliary distemper of the brain is Known by the want of sleep and extream dobting of the sick party and it arisath from such causes as foment and supply a melancholly Juyce and together with these as it were burning of the same aforesaid Juyce the extraordinary heat of the bowels may do very much The Cure is very difficult in regard that it to far receeds from the Temperament of the Brain It is atchived I. By an often repeated preparation by coolers and moisteners an evacuation of the first Vessels or passages being before premized That compound which we commonly cal Cachund of which hath already bin spoken in the melancholly destemper hath here likwise its place and use II. By a frequent and reiterated evaccuation of the black choler by medicaments such as they term Melanagogues well mingled together with Moisteners as also by those things that peculiarly and properly purge the brain III. By digestion and that by Topicks and sweet water baths if yet the distemper wil not give place nor be removed then let the patient drink the whey of milk together with such things as are specifical remedies against melancholly and of a moystening quality It is divided I. into that which is such in its very sence wheâe the opening of the cephalick or the common Basilick vein hath its place and that which is caused by the suppression of the courses or the Hemorrohides of the which sufficiently above II into that which is from the blood burnt or over heated in which distemper the sick party is evermore very apt and propense unto laughter And this is to be cured by letting blood in the same manner as was that that was generated by yellow choler in which a bruitish kind of dotage and fierce anger gets the upper hand and that likewise that had its original from the Melancholly humor in the which pensiveness or sadness and a continued silence or else haply after a while that this silence is broken a tedious extream talkativeness hath the predominance c. Chap. 3. Of the straintness or narrowness of the passages of the Brain THe Straightness of the passages of the Brain then happeneth when the said passages are either obstructed or compressed by their causes Those passages are the pores of the Brain which is of a spungy substance the pores or passages of the stomach the Veins Arteries Nerves and the sutures of the Skul The SIGNS are taken from the diminution or else the utter abolition of the actions of the Brain The Causes are either obstruction from pituitous and flegmy humors blood poured forth out of the vessels grosse and thick Vapours or otherwise Compression and this either from the skul by reason of some violence offered thereunto or else from blood distending the vessels from whence they are affected with a flegmatick distemper or else haply such as is shed forth and fallen into the substance of the body by reason of the a bundance of its thinness or acrimony apituitous or flegmy humor having first obstructed the Basis of the brain and lastly by an hard tumor or swelling The CURE is Various according to the variety of the differences The differences are taken from the many and several causes I. One difference is from Causes External to wit the fumes that arise either from coals beer or
There is here Good hope of a cure if there appear on the fourth day good and promising Signs if pus to wit snot or filth or water flow forth by the nostrils ears or eyes But is somewhat doubtful if there be present with it an acute feaver and that the ut in be white because then the choler is carried upwards and an inflamation is greatly to be feared if the Patient vomit up that which is Eruginous or in color like unto brass and that the Party be over long kept awake and deprived of his rest especially if a deafness accompany it in regard that by reason of the choler that is gotten together they suddenly fal into a violent and vehement madness if they be surprised with a Congelation or taking as we cal it together with a stoppage of the belly a fierce and wild countinance and that the face be extraordinarily red and fiery because then they are suddenly surprised with a crick in the neck that affect which we usually terme opisthotonos if likewise there happen together with it a sound or ringing in the ears without a Feaver if there accompony it a vertigo or giddiness in the head a hoarsness of the voice and a benummedness in the hands for then they sudenly become either appoplectical or Epileptical and Apoplexy and Epilepsie or falling sickness most commonly following thereupon But there is no hope at al or if any very little if where ââit was very vehement it suddenly vannish away and conceal it selfe there following no alleviation by the crisis if the extream parts become exceeding cold because that the native heat being drawn back a Phlegmon may easily be excited if it happen to be with an acute feaver and that on the fourth day there appear some pernitious sign or other if a sound person so soon as he is surprised and taken herewith become instantly speechless and snort and yet is not afflicted with any strong feaver wherby probably he might be freed from the aforesaid distemper The Cure if there by any is performed I. By mettigation of the pain either by anodines of river craw-fish beaten wel together with rose vinegar vervain water and the root thereof wel bruised and imposed on the part affected the Allabastrine unguent before mentioned al which ought to be applied unto the suâures and temples or else by narcotick remedies which may only be applied unto the forehead and layd thereon II. It is to be accomplished by removai of the Causes and strengthening the part touching which see further in the differences The Differnces of the Cephalalgy are many and those very various I. One difference hereof is symptomatical of which we here treat Another is Critical which beginneth not to afflict the patient from the first rise of the dâstemper but much about the time of the Crisis and then the breathing suddenly becometh short and very difficult the Hypecondria being drawn back the veins are swoln and the arteries beat in the Temples the cheeks wax red and tears flow forth of their accord the patient not being able to withstand it the sick party streacheth his nostrils with his hands and then most commonly there floweth a streaming forth of the blood II. Another is External which seizeth the pericranium is perceived in the very superficies reacheth unto the roots of the eye-lids is exasperated by the compression of the hairs and hands Another internal which becomes easy and moderate upon the very touch especially if it be without any distention and it extendeth it self even unto the roots of the eyes III. Another is from Causes External to wit 1. Ebriety with beer in which the herb Chamaepence is boiled easily and soon causeth And then the matter fluctuating in the stomach is to be cast forth thence by vomit The leaves either of the Colewort or Cabbage throughly moistened in warme water or else the leaves of Rue wel brused together with rose vinegar are to be applied The head is to be al over wet and besprinkled with the spirit of wine and the feet are chafed and rubbed with salt and vinegar 2. By a Contusion stroke wound in which case the cure is to be sought for above in and from their proper places 3. By the heat of the sun the heat of a Bath and of the soucherly winds And then the head is to be delt withal by cooling fomentations c. 4. By the use of other things offensive such as are dates walours chestnuts Filbirds toad-stools hempseed the seeds of Coriander not prepared Frankinsence styrax and Mirh if moderatly taken c. Another is from Internal causes to wit 1. From a distemper without matter which if it be hot the pain is vehement and the head becommeth hot if it âe cold the pain lasteth so much the longer and the head is cold In this case the little rols or cakes of diamâscum dulce and a little bag of heating Cephalicks are very convenient If it be dry the pain is moderate dul and notacute and there went before causes that were extreamly efficating and drying 2. From a distemper with matter which is either from blood and then the paine is more gentle and moderate which cheifly seizeth the fore part of the head and increaseth before the time of repast The Cure is to be sought in its due and proper places Or else it hath its original from yellow choler and then the pain is extreamly pricking and corroding and for the most part fasteneth upon and seizeth the right side of the fore part of the head In the cure those things that are most fit and likely to effect it are Epithenâs of Opiat Laudanum with rose water vesicatories applied unto the neck the smelling of rose water with Camphire washing of the head with a decoction of agarick together with the flowers oscamomil scarification of the lips of the ears c. or else it procedeth from flegm and then a pain afflicteth the patient on the right side or the hinder part of the head rather then else where Medicaments good and sucessful against this malady are oxymel with squils the water of the flowers of the elder tree of penyroyal of rosmaây with cristal of nitre the shels of peaches beaten together with verveyn water the oyl of nutmeg pressed or drawn forth the Balsam against the Apoplexy that of yellow amber and the sacculus or little bag of Hartmannus Or else it ariseth from blak choller or melancholly and then the watchings are very extream greivous together with a pain of the left side of the hinder part of the head Let the cuâe be sought for in iâs proper place 3. from a wind and then the pain wandereth as it were and flyeth up and downe hiâher and thither it puffeth out and extendeth the part where it is often returning and running back again at some certain constant hours of the day It is discussed scattered if so be that the temples and the coronal suture be frequently anoynted and
those that speak unto them and it is soon removed and taken away by the use of Emollient Fomentations In this greif there have their use that which we term Luna Potabilis Hartmanni six drops thereof and that they cal Pharmocum Phantasticum of Bartoletus the dose whereof is from one dram to two drams lastly the spirit of Terra sigillata or the sealed earth brought from the Isle Lemnos Article IV. Of Melancholly Melancholy is a dotage arising from a Melancholy phantasme with the which whosoever is affected and deteyned therunder he becomes wholly and only addicted to thoughtfulness being as it were altogether ingulphed therein without either fury or Feaver but yet without pensiveness and fearfulness The SIGNS are a deep sadness and fearfulness without any apparent cause and then likewise another sign is Taciturnity and a long continued silence or else incongruous discourse and talk at random and this more especially of some oââ thing more than other The CAUSE is a Melancholy Phantasm that proceedeth from an error vice and distemper of the Animal spirits the which when as they ought to be clear thin subtile and moveable are hereby rendered and made obscure and misty opacious thick and dark as also fixed and almost wholly immovable And hence it cometh to pass that al kind of objects are imprinted upon their several species according to the condition and quality of the vitiated and depraved disposition of the spirits And they acquire and gain this disposition from a default in the Brain declining from its genuine whitness and generating such like spirits as these or else they have their original from some default in the matter out of which they are made and bred to wit the blood and the Vital spirit or else lastly they got this vitious disposition from some impure and melancholy Matter which is mingled together with the blood and spirits whether it be an Humor or a vapor or both The CURE is facil and Easie if the distemper be recent and but now beginning for so it is cured by diet alone together with the humectation of the whol body and somtimes of the head in particular as likewise if the Body receive any augmentation and growth from the aforesaid food if only the imagination be no more than hurt and then again if it be with some kind of laughter accompanying it But Cure there is none if the affect be hereditary See above further hereof touching the Progress to be made in attempting the Cure in the Chapter of the Melancholly distemper of the brain and below in the differences Notwithstanding observe here 1. That in this case an especial regard is to be had of the diet and that sleep by al manner of means be procured lest that haply the Patient fal frantick and mad Vinegar is not here to be administred but only that by it the dry Vapors may be diverted and called away from the brain A Bath of sweet water is by no means to be neglected 2. That the sick person is to be wrought into an Imagination quite contrary 3. That now and then for some certain time the Patient must wholly abstain from Medicaments The Remedies that in this case are commended are Confection of Alkermes the Tincture and Extract of Lazulus Elixir proprietutis the bezoar stone Cachunde an Indian Medicament the description whereof see in Lacutus his Physical History 1. Book Page 310. It is divided into some certain species I. One is that of the brain when the brain in the Nature and quality of its substance departeth from its natural cleerness and purity It is known by this that the doting is perpetual and vehement that there are present signs of Melancholy abounding in the head that the blood if it be let out is not thick nor black It ariseth Externally from a strong Phansie or imagination from fear other such like sad and grievous affections of the mind It ariseth Internally from a Melancholick Humor heaped up in the head and this either by reason of some acquired cold distemper of the brain or else in regard of its Melancholly constitution which may soon be known from the affects or otherwise lastly by reason of some cold and dry matter left behind in the brain after some hot distempers there the heat now abating and the thinner part of the matter being now resolved and gone It is Cured 1. By the Alteration and Preparation of the peccant matter by Fumary the water or syrup of sweet smelling Apples and Tartar of Vitriol 2. By the Evacuation thereof with the Extract of Hellebor the inferior waies and passages being first opened by Errhines and Sternutatories 3. By Procuring rest and sleep in the use of Hypnoticks 4. by Corroberating and strengthening the Head by the Tincture of the Chrysolite and other appropriate Remedies II. Another is that of the whole Body when a Melancholy blood aboundeth throughout the whol body and is from thence transmitted unto the brain It is known by this that the deliry or dotage is indeed continual but yet so that it is with some certain exasperations exacerbations and remissions and likewise in that there are present signs of Melancholy abounding in the body and that there went before the Causes thereof It ariseth from its own proper Causes of which we shal speak further in the Differences It is Cured by the frequent repetition of Venesection or blood-letting But because there are but very few spirits in Melaucholly persons it must not be of too much blood at once it may be either in the left Arm or in the Ankle or else the thigh Veins if large may be opened by Leeches 2. By a Preparation of the Humor by the Syrup of Odoriferous Apples Fumary with the cream of Tartar Tartur vitriolate by the fection of Alkermes the Whey of Milk with the Juyce of Cichory and Fumary 3. By a gentle Evacuation thereof often Reiterated and corrected by such things as corroborate the spirits and the principal parts and likewise by those things that Humectate moisten and mollifie but then the Evacuation may and ought to be stronger if so be the blood be over thick and unless the body be already extreamly and over much wasted This Evacuation must be seconded and followed by Moystening Baths unto the which Emollients are to be added 4. By drinking of tart sharp and somwhat sowr potions and also by the use of hot baths 5. By the strengthening of the Head both by internals and externals among which Embrochations are highly and indeed cheifly commended 6. By a Diet in the which there ought to be a careful and continual abstinence from al sorts of pulse It is divided according to the Nature and diversity of the Causes 1. One is from Causes altogether external as Fear watchings Cares al which exsiccate and dry up the Radical Moisture have in them a power sufficient to alter and change the blood in the whol Body and to detain the Melancholy Humor Now then
and fro of the whol body and the several members thereof arising from matter molesting and disquieting those parts that are capable of suffering There need no SIGNS for the Affect is apparent enough to the very view The CAUSE is a sharp matter whether it be a humor or a hot Vapor The CURE must be directed and so ordered that it look toward the said matter accordingly as it appeareth in the following differences thereof It is divided into Critical and Symptomatical The Critical consisteth in that suddain and unexpected perturbation of the Humor and from whence there is no danger to be feared That we cal Symptomatical is that which happeneth in general and it containeth under it I. That which we term Stomachical which is known by a kind of Nauseousness in the stomack somtimes without but most commonly with a vomiting and likewise a pain of the stomach It ariseth either from the Humors pulling and twinging the mouth of the stomack c. as it were soaked and drunk up into the Cotes or Tunicles thereof in which case purges that abate and lessen the acrimonious quality have their proper place or else from food unseasonably taken and here we are to help and succour the Patient by vomiting of him II. That that we term Inflamatory which proceedeth from the Inflamation of some one of the Bowels III. That which we cal Febrilis that appeareth in Malignant Feavers and is very dangerous if it be attended with the imbecility of the natural strength and powers of the body In the Cure we ought to have respect unto the several species or kinds of the Disease Article III. Of Rigor or an Extream Stifness The Rigor or unnatural vehement stifness is a vibration shaking and quavering of the Muscles of the whol body conjoyned with Refrigeration and a certain pain arising from somthing that doth molest by a suddain and unlookt for twinging and pulling of the sensible parts throughout the whol Circumference of the body and likewise by Irritating and stirring up the expulsive faculty The Part affected is the whol body or at least the Muscles of the same whether they suffer together more inwardly or not There is no need of Signs the Refrigeration that happeneth herein either it is of the Skin alone by reason of a pain excited and stirred up by the acrimony and sharpness of an humor or else it is also of the Muscles whether it proceed from the Diffusion of the Humor or otherwise from the Inflamation of Bowels The CAUSE is somthing that is grievous and burthensom whether it be collected and contained in the very Muscles themselves or else be transmitted thither from some other place But now then the said matter is sharp corroding and biting much of it in quantity and such as is swiftly moved and carryed up and down from place to place And this happeneth most especially in Feavers The CURE is accomplished by the removal and taking away of the causes The Disease if it cease not upon the use of an Evacuation is very evil and dangerous and so likewise if it be attended and accompanied with a Consumption and wasting of the whol body It is cheifly and especially divided in a threefold manner I. One kind or species hereof is from things External as for instance a cold Air or an External heat diffusing and dissipating the Excrements that before were at rest and were quiet without any molestation sprinkling of cold water upon the body the falling of a spark of fire upon the skin c. The Cure here hath nothing in it worthy of Observation Another there is that proceedeth from Causes Internal to wit a Cholerick humor a salt Flegm Melancholy black choler and acrimonious sharp Vapor The Cure hath respect unto the several sorts of the Disease Al the kinds of them are somtimes to be Mitigated with the Oyl of Rue of Bay-berries of Castor and of the several sorts of Pepper together with Treacle and Mithridate II. Another is vehement with a continual feaver and then if it chance to be in the beginning it betokeneth an inflamation of some bowel but if in the end it sheweth either that the feaverish matter is moved out of the Veins or that the Inflamation tendeth to a Suppuration Another is but little and not much considerable being such as only giveth notice of Feavers to follow of which see further in these Chapters wherein they are particularly treated of III. Another is Periodical which afflicteth the party but now and then and by fitts at certain seasons And this is the best and the most hopeful species of this Disease if it happen to appear on the Critical day if upon its appearance the body waxeth hot or else that any Evacuation of excrements follow thereupon Another is Symptomatical when as the matter is thrust forth into the external parts and the Circumference of the body without any Crisis at al and this is that of which we are now speaking Article IV. Of Tremor or Trembling This Trembling is a depravation of the Voluntary motion by reason of the which the Member elevated and lift up cannot be kept in its own proper situation arising from the debility and weakness of the faculty of motion There is no need of SIGNS It Differeth from a Convulsion because in this latter the part is contracted and so kept from a Palsie because that in this the part is seldom or never lifted up or at least very slowly from a Palpitation in regard that in this not the whol Member but the flesh and especially the Skin is moved and the member unmoved one while falleth down and again another while is distended and stretched forth and lastly it differeth from the Rigor or stifness aforesaid in regard that it is without any pain The CAUSE is a weakness of the moving faculty which happeneth either by a default in the Animal spirits or the Nerves CURE there is none if it befal those persons that are in yeers by reason of the extream imbecillity and weakness of the spirits and the brain if it happen in a vehement Phrensie or Melancholy for then it is caused either by means of the exsiccation or overgreat drying of the Nerves by a Feaver or else by reason of a corrupt and depraved quality if it be hereditary or that it proceed from some fault and disorder in point of diet especially in such that have the Organs of the Animal faculty extreamly weakened if the sick person Shrink and Start when he is toucht in acute Feavers because that the Nerves are either exsiccated and over dried or else are pulled and twinged by some depraved and vitiated matter upon which there followeth a Convulsion The Cure is more facile and easie if it proceed from Causes that are evident It is doubtful and difficult if it happen on the lest side in regard that then the innat heat of that part is the more easily impaired and made to decay if it turn into a Convulsion because
Pils so much used by Solanander and Mathiolus 4. by exciting and provoking of sweats with the Hidrotick of Quercetan and the sudorifick of St. Ambrose unto which there must be added Guajacum china Treacle Bezoardicum Lunare together with other apropriate remedies al which are to be followed and attended with frictions of the neck or the spina dorsi with onions and the new fresh root of the flowerdeluce 5. by a particular evacuation of the brain by errhines Apophlegmatisms c. 6. by the application of Topical remedies where have their place frictions rubbings and chaifings with the water leaves infused in Malmesey Bathes with formicetes Rubifications or rubbing the part til it become red with green Nettels and other suchlike inunctions with the unguent of vipers the unguent likewise of the several sorts of pepper the Unguent of Castor the grease of the wild Cat mans fat c. Natural or Artificial hot baths touching which se further in Heurnius his method 7. by a diet that is hot and dry concerning which consult the Practitioners in Physick Another is from the straightness or narrowness of the Nerves which is caused 1. By an obstruction proceeding from a pituitous flegmy humor and other things that are subservient hereunto and conducing unto the purpose aforesaid Then the cure hath regard unto the Cause touching which we have spoken sufficiently above 2. a Constipation from some tumor or swelling that hath its first rise in the substance of the spinal marrow or of some nerve 3. Compression and that either from some external cause or else from a Tumor c. III. Another is from those Causes that dissolve or make a solution of unity in the nerves in the number of which there is 1. a Contusion fal or blow And then a vein is to be opened lest there should happen an afflux unto the contused or bruised part Astringents together with discussives are likewise to be applied and layed upon the part affected unless haply there be present an inflamation 2. a dissection and for this there is no remedy at al to be had 3. a relaxation or loosening of the vertebrae of the Back suddenly caused of the which sufficient hath been spoken in the second Book Another is from things narcotick as for examples a touching of the sea fish Torpido quick-silver and the immoderate unseasonable drinking of wine which rendereth the spirits extreamly stupid and dul and here in the cure whereof there ought to be a special regard had unto the nature and quallity of the Cause IIII. Another is Colical when a humor from the intestines is moved not so much unto the begining of the orifice or first enterance of the nerves as unto the very muscles and tendons The Cause hereof is a thin humor that is both chollerick and wheyish In the Cure we must deal cheifly and principaly by clisters that so the perverse motion of nature may be inverted A vein is to be opened if there be present a Plethory and orver great abundance of pure and good blood We ought then to purge with gentle purgers as we terme it by an Epicrasis or an often reiterated evacuation and drawing forth of the peccaut matter leisurely and by degrees some now some then and not al at once Let sudorificks then follow administred in primrose water and the water of Lilleyes of the vally The spirit of Niter is also of excellent use in this case Another is that which we terme Scorbutick touching which see more in the Scurvy Another is that we cal Hysterical of which also we may see more in its own proper place Article VI. Of a spasm or convulsion A Spasm is an involuntary perpetual and painful Retraction or drawing back of the Muscles towards the place of their original and first beginning arising from the abbreviation and shortening of the nervous or sinewy parts which is evermore attended and followed with a Rigor or Extream stifness and a depravation of the figure shape and symmetry of the foresaid parts The part affected is a Muscle and especially a Tendon The SIGNES are apparent of themselves the Muscles are in such manner drawn back that the parties are altogether immovable toward and unto the contrary The CAUSE is either a certain matter pulling and twinging the expulsive facculty of the parts or else some disease voilently stretching out the nervous parts and this sticketh fast either in the beginning and sourse of the nerves to wit the Brain or in the Spinal marrow of else in some one peculiar nerve There is hardly any CURE to be had or hoped for if it be from hellebore if it arise and appear after a Phrensy if it proceed from a wound especially in the brain by reason of a filthy stinking and corrupt matter pulling and twinging the nerves The Cure is very difficult although not altogether without hopes if those parts that are situate neer unto the brain be affected and suffer if it happen primarily by the consent of some nerve in regard that then the sick person cannot possibly hold out and endure by reason of the vehemency of the Symptoms if it arise from an abundant flux of blood if it follow upon the monthly Courses in women if it attend and follow upon feavers or if it chance to be accompanyed with vehement and accute pains about the bowels or intrals It is more easie if those parts only are surprized and siezed upon that are more remote from the brain and consequently the less noble and considerable if it be by the consent of the Brain unless the affect that the brain lyeth and laboureth under be pertinatious obstinate and unyielding The Cure ought therefore to be Instituted according to the Nature and disposition of the Causes of which more fully in the Differences The Differences of a Spasm are very many and Various I. One is Vniversal which affecteth the whol body The Cause whereof either It is in the Brain and then together with the body the Muscles likewise of the Face are also drawn and pulled together and suffer a Convulsion or else it is in the Original and beginning of the Spinal Marrow from whence it happeneth that the Muscles that move the Head and the spinal Marrow are retracted and drawn back And then either the body with the Neck and Head is drawn to the inner parts from whence ariseth that we term Emprosthotonos or else the twelve Mulcles that extend the Head being affected the aforesaid parts are drawn backward from whence is that we cal Opisthotonos or otherwise the Muscles and Nerves as wel the anterior as the posterior being al of them affected the whol body remayneth altogether inflexible and unmoveable from whence ariseth that we cal Tetanos with the which whosoever are affected either they die within four daies or else if they pass and out-live these they then escape and recover Another is Particular of the Eye Mouth c. Of which we shal see further in the proper place
the sound and noise that it maketh wil soon discover Chap. 4. Of the Diseases of the Adnata Tunicle Article I. Of the Ophthalmie THe Parts Constituting the Eye either they are the Tunicles Viz. Adnata Cornea Vvea and Aranea or else they are the Humors thereof The Diseases of the Adnata are the Ophthalmy Pterygium Panniculus and Hyposphasma of the which two latter this is common to the Cornea Tunicle that unto the Eye-Lids The Ophthalmy is an inflamation of the Adnata Tunicle arising from a sharp blood distending the smal Veins thereof The SIGNS are redness of the Eyes a flowing forth of tears a pain c. The CAUSE is Blood which either alone or else castigated by other Humors sliding forth unto the part affected either by an afflux or else by congestion is dispersed thorow the Veins and so distendeth them The CURE is Difficult if it arise in cold Regions and in a cold time because then the Members are more than at other times streightened and confined if it infest and annoy little Children because that it continually followeth from a tender and weak Head if the pain presevere and long abide because it argueth a matter either corroding or vehemently distending or suppurating if it be by consent from the Membranes of the Brain and the parts contained within the Skin if there appear in the Eye smal grains of filth because these signifie a slowness of Maturation It is more easie if it be by Consent from the external parts if the tears be more abundant and more smarting because it cometh the sooner to an end if the belly be quick in regard that the loosness of the belly freeth the party from it It is to be accomplished according to the Method of other Inflamations It is to be noted in this that somtimes by Venesection the greatest Opthalmies are wholly taken away within the space of an hour 2. That Vesicatories applied behind the Ears do very wel draw back For this purpose there is much commended by Hartman the meat of the Herb Rocket in a quilted bag 3. Errhines and those not overstrong and violent are to be administred if the sick person hath bin wont to evacuate the excrements of the head by the Nostrils 4. Topicks are to be applied but yet not until the end of three whole days and these are to be actually some that warme without any the least mordacity or Carroding quality wel cleansed and purified and corrected by such repellers as are in their own propriety helpeful neither must they be too cool nor too astringent neither over dry and those may presently be put unto the forehead and the neck and they are to be followed with Anodynes which if there be any fear of a greater afflux are very fitly applied to the eye from the very beginning 2. the womens milk is every hour to be changed lest that after long continuance it contract a certain kind of acrimony from the heat of the eye 3. Opium and opiate medicaments are by no means to be adminiâtred without great and urgent necessity 4. Great caution must be had lest that there should be any suppuration in the inward parts 5. In the diet wine and the use of baths in the declination of the disease may very wel and without danger be allowed and permitted unto the sick person A Cataplasme of the Crumbs of wheat bread and a rosted apple with the brest-milk of a woman together with a little saffron and sugar of saturn is exceedingly commended And so likewise is the water that is made of the juicy substance of Craw-fish distilled two pints thereof of Rose water one pint and Crocus metalorum half an ounce infused altogether as also of the waters of the eyebright and Fennel of each alike five ounces with metalorum one dram unto which there may be added a fit proportion of rosewater Among the discussives Sarcocol wel washed and the true Tutty of the Arabians which drieth without any kind of biting obtain their place and use The Differences of the ophthalmy is threfold I. One is that we cal Taraxis or a perturbation which is known by this that the eyes only appear to be hotter with a certain redness in them and without any great abundance of tears It ariseth from external Causes to wit 1. the heat of the Sun or the fire and then the Cataplasme before mentioned may very siâly be applied 2. from a pain of the head contracted from the suns scorching heat and then likewise the aforesaid Cataplasme hath its place unless happly general and Universal remedies ought altogether to preceed and take the the first place 3. from wind smoake and dust and the eyes are to be washed with milk luke warme and fleep to be taken thereupon 4. from a blow or a fal and then blood ought immediatly to be drawn forth by opening a vein 5. from the stinging of a Bee Wasp or Hornet and then Repellers of the white of an Egge the breast milk of a woman c. are to be imposed Another is the true and genuine ophthalmy which proceedeth either from hot or from cold causes and to this al that hath been before spoken doth properly and cheifly belong Another is that we cal Chemosis whenas the eye lids are as it were inverted and âurned the inside outward neither can they be closed and then there appeareth a swelling of something that is white above the black of the eye and this needeth and requireth the stronger sort of remedies II. Another is Periodical which kepeth its intervals it is familiar unto hot moist heads at length it casteth the eyes into a consumption Another is that that keepeth not its periods Another is Contagious III. Another is Moist ãâã âhich we have now most cheifly treated Another dry in the which there is but a very smal flux of tears and in the night-time the Eye-Lids contract an hardness It hath its original from a humor that is not much in quantity but very salt and nitrous And it is either with an itching attending it which if tears gently flow forth it is then called Psorophthalmia but if there be no tears at al and that the eyes are only red without any swelling it is then called Xerophthalmia or else without an itching and with a certain hardness of the Eye-lid and then it is-termed Sclerophthalmia The Cure hereof followeth the method of that before mentioned Article II. Of the Nail or little wing the web and the Hyposphagm of the Eye I. The Nail or little wing as they terme it of the eye or as some cal it the arrow is a little membrane that is nervous sibrous and somwhat white which proceedeth forth from the corners of the eyes the greater of them especially and cleaveth fast unto the Adnata tunicle and is somtimes drawn forth in length even unto the Cornea tunicle and very often if it so much increase covereth and over spreadeth the Pupilla or Bal of the Eye
or Speechlesness and a hurting of the Taste I. The Tumor ariseth either from External Causes as the anoynting thereof with hydâarge or quicksilver the eating of poisons Mushroms c. and then those things that purge are to be eschewed and not medled withal the Tongue is to be washed and cleansed with the decoction of Scabious and plantane together with a little treakel and honey of Roses Or else from internal causes to wit an afflux of a matter hotter than ordinary to wit blood or Chollor and then for the most part an inflamation is excitted or else of a matter that is colder than usually and then the tongue waxeth white and very much flegm floweth fourth or else of a poysonus mater as in the French disease and this carryeth its signs along with it or else the master is corrupt and canckerous and then the malady is almost incurable and a putridness or a flux of blood in tongus that are quite eaten through happening at the Root of the tongue at length the persons thus affected dye thereof For al and each one of such like patients aninunction with the oyl of vitriol and honey of Roses is very conducible as likewise the opening of the veins under the tongue II. Ranula is a swelling in shape resembling a frog which now and then ariseth and groweth out under the tongue out of that soft flesh on which the tongue lyeth and unto which it is tyed and fastened as with a chain It is known by the bare looking upon it It ariseth from a viscous and Pituitous blood flowing thither and exciting a soft and loose swelling that being opened yeildeth forth a kinde of snotty filth like unto the white of an egg It is cured either by topical remedies among which the oyl of vittriol with the hony of Roses is very prevalent and avaylable or else by Chyrurgial Operation which ought to be seconded with liniments of torrefied Tragacanth together with the Hermodactyl root and the white of an egg or with gargarismes or with both together III. A Blackishness with a scabbedness and clefts sometimes ariseth from hot and fiery vapours and Exhalations and this especially in burning feavers It ought to be washed with the Milk of a Goat or that of a Bitch and also to be cherished with the Mucilage of the seeds of Psylium or fleabane and quinceseeds and after al to be washed with refrigerating waters together with the salt or stone prunella IV. A Palsie hapeneth unto the tongue and that either unto the whole tongue and then those nerves that are derived from the seventh Conjugation of the Brain neer unto the place where the spinal marrow hath its begining are wholly impeded and stopped and there is also very great fear of an Apoplexy impeading and now nighe at hand or else only unto a part thereof whether the right or the left either by the default of the Nerves or the Spirits In the Curing hereof Universals alwaies premised we commend to you the Salt of Margarites ten grains thereof in Malmesey the Oyl of Rosemary with the little rols of Diambra or Diacastoreum the Water or Spirit of Black Cherries the rubbing of the Tongue with Tobacco Leaves Rocket Seed and Treacle See likewise the Electuary of Solenander in his Consultations V. Stammering and Stuttering infest the Party either from Drunkenness or from an ill Composure and frame of the Tongue or from the shortness and excessive thickness thereof or else from its Immoderate dryness or overgreat Humidity and moisture It is not to be taken away and Cured but with much difficulty VI. The Aphony or Speechlessness ariseth either from a default and error in the natural Formation thereof or else from the Palsie when it is Consummated It is to be Cured like as the Palsie And for this purpose there is commended the water of lillies of the Valley and of Lavender with the Blood of a Turtle the Oyl of Anni-seeds and the Spirit of Vitriol VII The Hurting of the Taste is then said to be I. When it is either Diminished or wholly Abolished and this either by the over-cooling of those softer Nerves derived from the third Conjugation of the Brain or else by the affecting and hurting that part of the Brain from whence they proceed and pass forth there is here to be prescribed the opening of the Vein under the Tongue as likewise al those things or which we made mention in the Aphony and Palsey II. When it is depraved so that another kind of Savor is perceived which then happeneth when either the body of the Tongue or the Membrane that encompasseth it about is Replenished with a noysom and foul Humor that either alone of it self of else dilated together with the Liquor of those things that are Eaten and Drunk penetrateth into the Body of the Tongue and the soft Nerves thereof and then the Savor is perceived to be in tast either Salt or bitter or acid and sour according to the nature and quality of the Exhalation and Humor And here we approve of the Rubbing of the Tongue with the Root of Zedoary or Gentian the Raddish pickled in Salt Chewed before Supper and the Mouth afterward washed with Wine c. Title VIII Of the Diseases and Symptomes of the Lips THe Affects of the Lips are Clefts Vlcers Trembling and Preversion I. Fissures or Clefts are a solution of the Continuity of the Lips by overmuch dryness and extension They are known by the view They have their Original from overmuch dryness and extension as was said before in the definition It is Cured by Correcting the dryness with those things that Humectate and moysten and by uniting of the dissolved Union For this purpose we prescribe that Fat which distilleth out of those wooden Spoons used in Kitchings to boyl withal if they be put neer unto the Fire They are variously divided I. Some are from the very Birth and these are hardly Cured Others are Adventitious which are more easily Cured unless they chance to degenerate into a Cankerous matter II. Some are from Causes External Cold heat the North wind c and then the relation of the Patient wil suffice In the Curing of them like as they al must be removed so ought there to be a regard had unto each particular of them For those of them that have their originanl from Cold the White Pomatum is excellent good Others from Causes Internal to wit I. Hot Humors which are many times devolved from out of the Head and these bring along with them a kind of itching and profundity In the Cure the matter being Evacuated fine soft Linnen clouts wel soaked in the Juyce of Sengreen are to be imposed and laid on them and if the Chaps or Clefts be somwhat deep they are then to be anoynted with Goose Grease and Capons Grease II. From Vapors which are Hot Dry Salt and Sharp They ascend up from the inferior parts by the Oesophagus or the great rough Artery called Aspera
the Crown of the Head a Powder compounded of Long Pepper one scruple the Juyce of Acacia and Tormentil Roots of each two scruples so blown in after the use of an Astringent Gargarism II. The Inflamation of the Wesand is the rising or swelling of the same from a Cholerick Blood fallen down into it with a redness burning heat pain danger of suffocation and somtimes also with a Feaver The business is here alike as in other Inflamations Title XV. Of the Affects of the Tonsils THe Principal Affects of the Tonsils are an Inflamation and an Vlcer I. The Inflamation of the Tonsils is a rising or swelling up of them produced by the afflux of Humors It is known within under the Jaw-bone by the touch and by the sight thereof where like unto a smal Gobbet sticking in the Jaws it presseth by its weightiness and hindereth so that neither Meat nor drink nor spittle can easily pass through either up or down There are also present pain a burning heat redness and a thirst and it falleth more easily into the Tonsils than the Wesand by reason of the sostness and loosness of its proper Temperament and likewise its place It ariseth Externally in little Children by Reason of their Voracity and insatiable feeding the Greeks cal it Addephagia unto which there is likewise added a weak and tender Constitution of Body in Children that Suck by Reason of some fault and pravity in the Milk in Girls from an insufficient Purgation of the Menstrua or Monthly Courses in those of Riper Age by Reason of their overmuch drinking of that wine that is not first diluted and weakened as also their much and more greedy of al sorts of Meats but more especially those that are sharp and rough Internally from the afflux of humors that are hot and sharp Cured it is after the same manner as are other inflamations yet this notwithstanding is attentively to be heeded that somtimes the Tonsils are made the harder by the over frequent use of Coolers and Repellers II. Touching Vlcers these things come in the next place to be taken notice of I. That there is the less danger in them if they be without a Feaver II. That those of them that appear in the heat of Summer because they then immediatly creep forward are worse than those that arise at other times III. That they may somtimes be and appear without any Inflamation at al either from some Salt distillation eating through those parts or else from some Vapor or Exhalation ascending upwards which happeneth in the Venerial or French disease and somtimes again from other Causes the Spring time and a Pestilential Air. IV. That some of these Ulcers are Familiar and milde which are smal clean not descending very deep neither inflamed nor exciting any pain Others Malignant and Pestilential and these are broad Hollow growing Nasty and filthy by reason of some congealed Humor that is either white or black or Livid black and blew but now if these aforesaid congealed impurities descend deeper then there is bred that which we term an Eschar or Crustiness V. That those of them that Creep about the Jaws with much trouble and annoyance Cause a difficulty of breathing but that if by the Trachaea Artery they Penetrate into the Brest they then strangle the Party the very self same day In the Cure we are to understand that al the Ulcers of the Mouth as wel lest that they Creep and proceed further as also because that they evermore become the moyster by Reason of the Spittle do need and require the stronger sort of Astringent Medicaments And thus much touching the Diseases of the Head THE NINTH BOOK OF THE IDEA OF PRACTICAL PHYSICK Of the Diseases of the middle Venter or Region Title I. Of the Diseases of the Jaws or Angina that is Squinancy ANd thus much shal suffice to have been spoken touching the Diseases and Affects of the Brain There follow now the Diseases of the Middle Region which Contain and Comprehend under them the Affects of the Jaws the Throat the Aspera Arteria or âough Artery the Lungs the Chest the Teats and the Heart The Disease of the Jaws is that we cal Angina or the Squinancy but more vulgarly the Quinsey or the shutting up as it were of the Jaws that is of the Supream parts of the Gullet and the throat through which is an entrance and Passage not only for the meat and drink but likewise for the Breath Producing and Bringing along with it a Difficulty both of breathing and Swallowing The Common signs are Difficulty of breathing in regard that the Throat is in a manner stopt and shut up the Impediment or hinderance of the Swallowing as wel in regard that the Gullet is obstructed as that likewise the two Muscles deriving their Original from the Larinx called Oesophagici and Circulatores because they embrace and encompass about the Oesophagus with their transverse Fibres resembling a Semicircle are busied in helping forward the thrusting down of the Meat and Drink unto the inserior parts whilest that they draw up the Larynx in the time of swallowing that so it may give way unto the food whether Meat or Drink as also in regard that the Muscles of the Jaws thrusting down the food unto the Oesophagus while they are Contracted and drawn together unto the place where they begin do here suffer A pain about the Jaws which is either augmented or diminished according to the quality and condition of the Causes and the subjects The Causes are al things whatsoever that are apt to stop the breath as we shal further shew you in the differences So for Cure in the differences In regard of its causes it is divided into three sorts or kinds the first whereof hath comprehended under it four species I. One is from an Inflamation which is knowen by the continual fever accompanying if withal there be together present such other things as usually concur It hath its original from that blood that floweth into those parts from out of the branches of the Jugular veins there going before for the most part a difficult moveing of the neck without any apparant causes and withal a certain pain as likewise an unusual heat about the Jaws It is very hardly cured if there be present a great and Intence feaver the spittle somwhat dry Clammy and thick The Event of the Cure is somewhat doubtful if the matter being transmitted into the Lunges there arise an Empema or impostamation of the Lungs to the Head if it exciteth and causeth a doting or delire if to the Pleara Membrane it causeth a pain of the whol Breast with a cough and difficulty of breathing if unto the heart it then introduceth and brings along with it a kind of trembling and almost undiscernable beating of the pulses There is no hopes at al if the fever prevail the greatest heighth and intensenes if the face of the sick person become greenish if the angles or corners of
extendeth it self and reacheth even unto the spina or Backbone where the membrains that touch upon the Pleura are fastened and upheld and this pain is more remiss and moderate unless the membrain be together inflamed but if it be then the pain withal becometh extreamly pricking There is likewise a difficulty of Breathing and indeed greater than that in a Pleurisie so as that the sick person is with extream hazard and peril of suffocation enforced in a strait upright posture to draw his breath the brest or Thorax in that kind of situation being the more easily dilated forasmuch as in those that ly along in their beds it falleth down because that the parts of the Thorax or breast decline and rest themselves upon the spina or backbone which being erected the Thorax is likewise together born out and so is no longer heavy and burthensom unto it self The aforesaid Respiration is sublime so that in it the very top of the Thorax is moved even unto the very covering of the shoulder-blades it is also frequent and often in the begining and likewise it is greater than ordinary which in a short time by reason of the weakness and decay of the natural vigour and the instruments of breathing is chainged into that which is far less and is increased by the frequency thereof The Breathing is hot and because that by the expulsion of the sooty and misty vapours the Heart is lightened they are therefore the more eased and lightened the more they breath forth the aforesaid offensive and oppressing sumes The sharpness of it in a feaver is greater than in the pleurisie in regard of the neer neighborhood of the heart and hereupon there exhale hot vapours unto the Head which hurrying the blood along together with them make an impression upon the cheeks where the skin is but thin and so cause the face âo become red the eyes and the Temple veins swel the cough is very troublesom by reason of the affect of the Lungs It is conjoined and accompanyed with spitle that is tenâ forth at first with a kind of thinner putrefied and rotten matter and by and by dyed with blood and likewise otherwhile otherwise colorea and somtimes it is spit forth ful of froth The CAUSE is blood which is poured forth of the right angle or comor of the Heart into that vein that we cal Arteriosa and so filleth not only the veins and Arteries of the lungs but likewise also the whol body It is raysed and stirred up from external causes as a cold Air and especially the cold northern Air immediatly following upon the southerly the drinking of generous and strong wines a violent and more vehement motion after long rest and quietness and this upon a ful stomach the body being likewise ful and wanting Evacuation Anger and other the passions of the mind c. There is some hopes of a CURE if the Spitle being of a mingled red and yellowish color give out and intimate any sign of concoction in the Lungs affected and if the impostumations be thrust forth either unto the Ears or unto the inferior seats of the Thorax and so they either pass and turn into a fistula and so may be evacuated or else they are derived unto the Thighs It is somthing doubtful if there be want of spittle by reason of the contumacy or unpliablness of the matter and the imbicility of the natural powers if there issue forth and appear with much and thick urine those sweats that at first did arise about the neck and the head because those aforesaid sweats are thought to preceed from a forcible constraint suffocation and violence As for al other things in the cure if foloweth the method of other inflamations If it succeed any otherdisease and the blood be already evacuated then Cupping-Glasses with scarification ought to be applyed unto the Arms and the Thorax or Chest let the Expectorations be of the stronger sort and so likewise the Topical Remedyes The difference is taken from the subject and the causes I. One is of the whole lungs which if together with the heart it be inflamed to that it proceed exceed it self unto the side it then produceth in the sick person a resolution or palsie For the blood flowing abundantly into the great Artery so that the intercostal Arteries are thereby filled and so that also those little branches that penetrate throw the holes of the vertebra of the Thorax into the spinal marrow do swel the Nerves there passing sorth from the spinal are compressed and being thus pressed together they cause a resolution and Palsy Another there is of the one side or other of the Luâgs and not in the whole and then there is a pain and heaviness self sensibly and perceived in the one or the other part thereof if the upper wing be disaffected and suffer then the Affect extendeth it self even to the Channel bones of the throat but if the lower then it reacheth unto the diaphragm The vein on that side wherein the inflamation is ought to be opened II. One is from pure blood from whence there ariseth a Phlegmone It is known by this that there is produced a bloody spittle unless haply the disease be extremely Crude a streightness of the pracoerdia and of the whol Breast oppresseth the party an extraordinary great intence heaviness contracteth the stern to wit that part of the Breast where the ribbs meet and the Back the Patient is not much afflicted with any acute Fever But now that blood sometimes in the Angina or quinsy breaketh forth violently out of the Jaws and then they die within seven daies if they escape these then they become purulent And because that in those that are in the midst betwixt old age and the vigorous flourishing estate of those of ful and perfect growth the expulsive faculty is more Languid and weak than in yonger persons they are therefore not to be cured but with much difficultty Sometimes it is derived thither from the Pleurisy and yet not by the vessells because that there is no convayence for them but by the membrane that investeth al the parts of the Thorax and then in this case likewise in regard there is a translation of the matter from the outward parts unto the inward that is to say from the less noble unto the more noble parts and such as are nigher unto the Heart the Malady is therefore the more dangerous Another from Chollerick blood from whence it is that the Quinsey is frequently turned into the Peripneumonia and the Luugs being of a spungy substance doth easily admit of a Cholerick and the thinner sort of matter and drink eth it in more deep than other It is known by this that the cough rayseth a yellow spittle and that that is not mingled with much blood the streightness of the Chest and the sence of weight and the veins is less than in the former differences and lastly it is known by this that the
by the various color of the faceone while red and as soon again pale and wane Now these wounds are Caused in a twofold manner For Somtimes it so chanseth nhat the fleshy substance of tee lungs may be hurt and then in regard that the blood destilled inthe Cavity of the Thorax and that neither a spitting of blood nor any Cough whatsoever urgeth the party the breathing thereupon is not without much difficulty ther appearreth a virlssitude or interchange of heat and cold by reason of the exhalations and fumes from out of the heart Sometimes the veins of the Lungs are affected and then there floweth forth in great abundance a blood somwhat red black and frothy the Cough likewise is perpetual unless perhaps there be present a prostration and decay of the Natural strenghth and vigour or an oppression of the Lungs from the blood They are Cured I. If the profuse flux of blood be stanched and the inflamation unto which the Lungs by this means becometh obnoxious be prevented and hindered by venesetion II. If the blood in him where it was poured forth into the Cavity subsist and abide there III. If when the sayd blood cannot flow forth by reason of the narrowness of the wound the said wound be widened with a penknife Among those Medicaments that stanch and stop the blood there are these viz. The Strawbery bush Betony Scabious the herb Ladies mantle sanicle Comfry c. without these are altogether void of any biting quality viz. Bole armeniack Frankincense c. Read more of this subject in the guide to Physick and Chyrurgery Riverius Practice of Physick and his Observations and the London dispensatory al the last Editions englished by me Chap. 5. Of the Ulcer of the Lungs or Phthisis PHthisis is an Exulceration of the Lungs from a sharp corroding matter with a gentle Fever a Ccough and a spittle that is both bloody and purulent by the which the whol body is sensibly and by little and little consumed and extenuated The Subject of this exulceration is the Lungs together with the parts thereof towit the fleshy substance the lappets the vessells and the Membranes in those especially that have their heads easily and soon filled and where the head sendeth many distillations unto the organs of breathing in those that from their very nativity have their Lungs of a vicious substance that is such as is tender soft and easily wasted as being most subject to corruption And hence it is that such as are descended of a tabid stock that is to say those that issue from parents affected as beforesayd do all of them at the length as it were by a right of inheritance necessarily wast away and consume in the aforesaid manner in those that naturally have a streightness and narrowness of the Chest and likwise a depression of the same a streight neck or narrow throat a lean and spare body and their shoulder blades sticking out behind them like as if they were wings The Signs are a Gentle and moderate Fever proceeding from vapors elevated and arising out of the Lungs and assaulting the heart by their sudeen and violent irruption therunto with which there are also joyned other feavers that are otherwise sometimes Erratick and fleeting and sometimes again invading the patient after the maner of a Tertian whilest that the humors within the veins by that heat as were kindled and set on fire corrupt and putrefy and this the truth is being by its continuance and without any the least intermission turned into the Hectick immediately after meales and in the night time like as do others increaseth and groweth more prevalent 2. A frequent Cough like unto that of foxes without any great pain which cheifly afflicteth and troubleth the party in the night time and it hath its existence from a matter that is sharp by reason of the irritation of the Lungs 3. A bloody and purulent spittle but this is not in al. Some there have been found who after their retching and the spitting up of a liquid and yellow humor being soon after seazed upon by a light and gentle fever have thereupon begun to fal away and wast and after som time have cast forth by retching a certain smal quantity of blood together with a kind of Pus or corrupt matter and many have been by sensible degrees taken away in whom throughout the whol course of their lives there appeared nothing at al of this bloody and purulent spittle But I must tel you that this Phthisis is incident unto those that are young rather than unto aged persons in regard that young persons most commonly abound with blood and consequently are affected with the heat and acrimony thereof with the laxity or loosness of the vessels and likewise the hardness of the same and in regard likewise that these excercise themselves in a more violent manner and have little regard to their diet This hath one thing singular as propperly and peculiarly belonging thereunto towit that it proceed from the very substance of the Lungs it is then frothy and if it be put into the fire it stinketh and is very offensive to the scent 4. The extenuation of the body which is from the aforesaid continual but gentle fever the which by its fiery heat dispersed throughout the whol body dissolving the Arterial blood the mingling whereof together with that of the Veins is altogether necessary unto Nutrition hindereth the Concoction of the Aliment in the whole body and by its preternatural heat wasteth and consumeth that which is Concocted and stored up The CAUSE is a sharp corroding matter fallen down thither of which we shall speak further in the differences The CURE is not to be despaired of no not though it be attended with an Ulcer already appearing For Galen sendeth such to Tabae a City in Cilicia and prescribeth milk for their Diet. Yet notwithstanding it is something Difficult as wel in regard that the filth and purulent matter sticking in that soft and Spungy flesh cannot without a Cough be purged forth by which the Lungs are from day to day more hurt and prejudiced as because that in this dayly motion of respiration or breathing unto which there is moreover added and adjoyned a violent cough there cannot possibly be any Consolidation made and also in the third place because that Medicaments in their ful strength and Virtue cannot penetrate so far and lastly because that Feavers require moistening Remedies which are altogethet hurtful to an Ulcer The Cure hath cheifly respect unto these six things in Particular I. The removal and taking away of the Catarrhe touching which more below in the Difference II. The Cure of the ulcer here there is commended Flores Sulphuris or the flower of Brimstone as we commonly cal it with a soft and rere egg syrup de Erysimo or water Cresses of Lobelius of the Juyce of Ground Ivy with the Flower of Brimstone of Marsh-Mallows of Fernelius of the Juyce of Mouse
the body be Plethorical if it be not directly on the side affected 2. That if the courses or the Hemorrhoids be suddenly suppressed then the evacuation is in the first place to be out of the ancle vein or that of the Ham but if the suppression hath been of long continuance out of the arm vein 3. That in derivation the blood is to be drawn forth so long as until the color of it be changed 4. That fomentations may be administred to moderate the pain in a body that is not Plethorical yea even before Phlebotomy but not so when the Body of the patient is Plethorical And for this end and purpose excellent good is the Unguent made of dialthea or of Marshmallows one ounce thereof and half an ounce of the oyl of sweet Almonds with the pained parts ought to be al over anointed and upon it the fine small pouder of Camomile flowers is to be lightly strewed and then the leaf of a Colwort or Cabbage anoynted with Butter or hogs fat is to be laid upon it very hot and this is to be continually done dureing the whol time of the cure adding likewise a little of the distilled oyl of dil Champhyre 5. That forthwith in the very first beginning a sweat may very fitly and properly be raysed and excited by exhibiting either of the water of the Poppy Roses three ounces there of with one dram of the pouder of Corral red Filberds the Jaws of the Luce-fish or Pike or else of the simple Mixture one dram with the water of Carduus Mariae or of the Spirit of Nitre with the spirit of Wine of each one scruple the spirit of Tarttar half a scruple in the water of Poppy Roses or else the simple water thereof c. 6. That pectoral decoctions together with their appropriates are continually to be administred after the premizing of universals that so the spitting may be facillitated 7. That these following have in them a Specifical propriety of operation to wit the flower of the wild poppy of the dry dock and of the white Eglentine or sweet Brier the seed of Carduus Muriae the Bulls pizzle or the pizzle of the Hart or Stagg the shavings of the Boars tooth c. see Petraeus Al which are to be made into a very fine pouder and then to be put upon bread that hath been wel dipt in Scabious water 8. That the impostume may best be broken with a Cataplasm of the herb kaly the roots of the White lily while they are new and fresh c. applied unto the side that is payned 9. That after al those aforesaid Chalybeated milk unless a Feaver hinder it is the best I. One is as we may term it Legitimate and exquisite unto the which only whatever was sayd before as to this poynt is to be referred and understood thereof which I. ariseth either from blood that is pure in which there is a bloody spittle an extension of the veins about the Temples and the forehead with a sence of heaviness neer about the hollow of the Eyes the fore parts of the head or else from a blood that is Cholerick in which the spittle is yellow and which if it suddenly vanish without any apparent cause the sick person is immediately surprised with dotage It is best and soonest of al cured by opening the salvatella vein or thirdly from a Phlegmatick blood in which the spittle is frothy more slow and as it were sweet the syrup of Zacutus in the Eight Book Chap. 3. of his History is very efficacious in this kind or else lastly from a Melancholy blood which very rarely happeneth by way of afflux II. It affecteth either the interior tunicle and then the sick person doth with the more ease lie and rest upon the grieved side in regard that now the tumor is not immediately under it neither doth it in this case distend the grieved part or else the Exterior about the bones and then the case is quite contrary unto the former or otherwise both of them and then the patient lying upon the back is the freer from pain III. It affecteth either the right or the left side or the superior part extending it self to the throat or else the inferior reaching even unto the Hypochondria II. Another is bastard and spurious which is distinguished according to the quality of the matter and the manner of its situation One is from Windiness in which the pain is not fixed but runneth from place to place it is mitigated and oftentimes wholly dispelled by fomentations there went before causes generating windiness the pouder of Cummin sprinkled and strewed upon a Cabbage leafe anointed or spread over with butter and outwardly applied unto the pained part is very successful in giving ease Another from a distilation which hath with it a sence and feeling of a defluxion or something at certain times falling down it is exasperated by being touched neither doth it any whit yield unto fomentations the cure is to proceed according to that of a thin catarth Another is externally when the blood thorow the branches from the Axillar is ramus is emptied forth into the External Muscles of the Thorax and then the pain waxeth very intolerable upon the pressure thereof lying down upon the grieved side is extreamly troublesome there is in this case nothing cast forth by spitting and the transition or passing over of it into that which above we termed Vera or the true and exquisite Pluresy is very facile and easy Chap. 3. Of Empyema EMpyema is the Constipation of the Cavity of the Thorax or Breast from an abundant purulent matter causing and producing a difficulty of breathing with a Cough and a purulent or rotten spitting The Subject is the Cavity and capacity of the Thorax being that void space betwixt the Thorax and the Lungs albeit the Lungs themselves and the vessells thereof may not here be altogether excluded But now indeed because that the Lungs by the Mediastine is divided into two parts the Pus is collected either in the one or the other part or else in both of them together The Signs are a difficulty of breathing with a spitting and a perpetual purulent Coughing a sense and feeling of a heavy and dul pain in the bottom of the Thorax and especially neer about the diaphragm a redness of the Cheeks and that chiefly about three or four hours after meals c. The Cause is that very purulent filth it self filling up the Thorax the abundance whereof together with its stinking smell and acrimony inflicteth very sad and grievous pain and mischief There is some hope of a cure if upon the opening or burning there flow forth a white Pus or corruption if it be rather on the right side than the left and that the Patient be strong and able No hopes if the whole Thorax be lifted up in the breathing if the whol cavity be possessed if the left side if upon the lancing or burning of it that
Breath proceeding from the pertinacious either obstruction or Compression of the Lappets of the Lungs The SIGNS of the beginning hereof are the heaviness of the Breast difficult breathing in running or going up a steep place hoarsness a Cough and a windiness in the Praecordia c. The Signs of one present are already expressed in the Definition There is present now and then a Feaver as also a certain ratling noise or Wheezing in regard that somtimes the matter sticketh fast in the foldings of the Rough Artery which when it is expelled by the breath there is the aforesaid sound and noyse excited and somtimes without them in the smooth Arteries The drawing in of the Breath is here more difficult than the exspiration or Putting it forth For whenas in taking in the breath neither the Lungs by Reason of the store of matter nor the Thorax by Reason of the imbecillity of its motion can easily be moved Nature interposing endeavoreth as it were by rest and quietness to cherish and repair the weakned and dejected powers but in Exspiration or breathing forth the Organs and instruments of that work fal down and so give way of their own accord The CAUSE is the Obstruction and compression as wel of the Rough Arteries as of the Smooth of which we have spoken above and from what causes it proceedeth we shal declare in that which followeth The CURE hath respect unto the Causes and it is somthing Difficult if the sick persons be aged There is but smal Hopes if the sick person be thereby rendered Gibbous and caused to go stooping with the back bunching out because that in these the Lungs growing and the Spina not growing nor increasing in the streightness of the Breast the heat is stifled and smothered if it be with an acute Feaver in regard that the Cause of the Asthma being dryed up by the Feaverish heat is thereby rendered and made the more unfit and unable to eject and cast forth that which offendeth upon the ceasing of the Cough the difficulty of breathing stil remaineth if the strength be much weakened because then they soon fal into the Syncope or swooning fits The Diffecences are taken partly from Causes obstructing and compressing and partly from the accessions and other the like Causes I. One is from a Viscid or Clammy Humor stuffing up the Lappets which may be known by this that the breathing forth is Difficult and with a sound as it were and a noise together with a Wheezing Cough It is Cured 1. By opening the Basilick Vein if nothing hinder 2. By cutting and dividing the matter by those Medicaments that moderately cut and divide and that have in them humidity to moysten but these ought to be often changed lest that other wise Nature should be too much accustomed thereunto For the purpose aforesaid there is commended the Oyl of Angelica the Syrup of Nicotiana or Tobacco and that Syrup of Theodatus in his Pantheon Hygiasticon the Decoction of Joel of Zedoary Gum Ammoniack the Flower of Brimstone and Saffron the Oyl of Sugar of Grulinguis and Petraeus in his Nosology the Secret of Frytagius in his Aurora Medicorum Oxymel Scillitick with the Syrup of Violets c. 3. By Evacuation with the Asthmatick powder of Rulandus 4. By Exsiccation with Guajacum Sassafras c. The Humor is divided into that that is Collected in the Lungs and the sick person by degrees beginneth to breath with difficulty and much ado and this difficulty is continual and into that which floweth unto it from elsewhere and then it is not wholly continual the Exacerbations thereof are manifest And here all those things that have in them a purging quality are to be shunned and avoided because they are not without danger II. One is from a serous and Wheyish Humor waxing hot in the greater branches of the Vena Cava and rushing altogether and violently through the right ventricle of the Heart into the Lungs and pressing down the Arterie and this is most frequent It proceedeth cheifly from the Liver and hence it is that the Feet of the Asthmatical person do swel by reason of the weakness of the said Liver the humors in the first place rushing unto the Lungs by their falling to the Kidneys excite and Cause a difficulty stoppage of the Urine Ructures or sour belchings and windiness in the Praecordia are accounted to be in the number and among the signs thereof III. Another is from a little Crude or raw Swelling that we term Grando and smal stones and Gravel touching which we have treated above in the streightness of the Lungs IV. One is more light gentle and moderate with a snorting Noise and a violent Cough the Diaphragm and the Intercostal Muscles yea likewise the Muscles of the Abdomen affording the assistance herein Another there is more grievous we cal it Orthopnaea in the which the breathing is very little thick and exceeding swift which is not performed but with the breast and Neck straitly erected the Superior Muscles of the Breast and the shoulders likewise contributing their help and assistance V. One is Not Periodical and that observeth not its Paroxysms Another is Periodical when the Humor either of its own proper Nature extendeth it self and seeketh for more space and room or otherwise is driven and chased up and down by External Causes if it be there collected or else at the certain and wonted time it floweth hither from some other place Those excerbations are wont to be cheifly in the Winter or in Autumn because the matter is Flegmatick and in the Night-time because it is then moved according to the Motion of the Moon and this usually every fourth day This may be greatly Remedied other things not omitted or neglected either with a Scruple of Saffron in Malmsie and given hot or with Brumerus his smal Potion made of a dram of Ammoniacum Hyssop water four ounces and two ounces of Rhenish Wine Read more of this subject in the Guide to Physick and Chyrurgery Riverius Practice of Physick and his Observations and the London Dispensatory Al of the last Editions Englished by me Chap. 3. Of the Cough THe Cough is a vehement thick and loud Efflation or Blowing forth of great store of breath together and at once that was first attracted and drawn in by the Lungs Caused by the swift Contraction of the Lungs and the Thorax that so what ever is burthensom and Grievous unto the Organs of breathing may be expelled and shaken forth In a Symptom so evident there need no SIGNS at al. The CAUSE is whatever may affect the Lungs the Rough Artery and that Membrane wherewith is is encompassed and as it were swathed about within whether this be somthing External or else a Humor or a Vapor c. The CURE either respecteth the Cause from whence it ariseth or the Cough it self if it be vehement which is either mitigated by Lenifiers or Anodynes or else is wholly taken away by those
to be dissolââd should putrefie For the Dissolving hereof excellent good is that broth that is made of the stalks of the Herbs following together with an Ablution or washing of the Paps with Water Wine and Vinegar mingled together a Fomentation of the Decoction of Marsh-Mallows Fenugreek and Melilote c. A Liniment laid thereupon of the Oyl of Roses Sweet Almonds the Juyce of Smallage and Parsly and Vinegar in which there hath been first dissolved the Curd or Runnet of a Hare The Water of Hemlock is thought to be good for both the foresaid Purposes And so much of the Diseases of the Chest or middle Region THE TENTH BOOK OF THE IDEA OF PRACTICAL PHYSICK Concerning the Diseases of the lower Belly Title I. Of the Affects of the Gullet Chap. 1. Of the Diseases of the Gullet THe Diseases of the lower venter comprehend under them the affects of the Gullet stomach Guts Anus Mesentery Liver Spleen Kidneys Bladder Genital Parts in Men and Women the Navel and Belly The Diseases of the Gullet are Distemper Tumor Straitness Wounds and Vlcers Article I. Of the Distemper and Tumor of the Gullet 1. The Distemper of the Gullet is a recession of it from its Native to a preternatural Temper it s known by the swallowing being hurt 'T is divided into a hot one which happens from without from fumes pouders c. from within from Vapors in burning Feavers a hot and dry Distemper of the Womb and then there is perceived a Redness and Roughness on the Tongue with thirst which is cured by cooling means somwhat clensing 2. into a cold one which either proceeds from too cold drink or otherwise and is taken away by things that heat 3. Into a moist one which issues from the Defluxions of catarrhes Salivation c. and Causeth a Relaxation of the Gullet so that the lower part of it and the upper mouth of the Stomach lie open 4. Into a dry one which ariseth from dry things and Causeth Roughness and is Cured by suppings of Chicken Broth or fresh butter II. A Tumor of the Gullet is its excess in its Magnitude 'T is known by the pain in swallowing most of al in the hinder part and back by the stoppage in swallowing so that if a great bit be to be swallowed somtimes the drink runs through the Nose it proceeds from the same Causes from which we said Tumors in general did arise 'T is often hard to cure because it endangers Suffocation but after the same manner as other tumors viz. In the beginning by replling means in the Augment by external and internal resolvers in the state by discusives let vomits be avoided for fear of suffocation unless when t is come to suppuration that the Tumor ought to be broke 'T is divided I. Into a hot one with which is Joynd a Feaver great thirst pain in the Cure of which bleeding takes place and into a cold one in which the pain is less and in the Cure of which the repellers ought to be gentle the resolvers and discussives stronger II. Into that which possesses the upper part of the Gullet and then meat cannot go down and into that which infects the lower part and then the Meat after it hath descended a little way stops there Article II. Of the Straitness wounds and Vlcers of the Gullet I. The Straitness of the Gullet is when its Passage is Contracted 't is known by this that liquids are easier swallowed than solid things 'T is divided according to its Causes for one is from external Causes as from astringent medicines or some things swallowed and then the business is known from the standers by or the Patient himself it must be cast up by vomiting or Coughing or furthered by moistning and Emollient means applied outwardly and inwardly or be thrust down with a Spunge Dipt in Oyl of sweet Almonds or taken out with that excellent Instrument of Fabricius Hildanus Another Cause is from a Tumor Worms ascending out of the Stomach and Guts from Scorbutical and Hypochondriacal Vapors distending the Gullet and compressing the rough Artery from the Luxation of the Vertebrae of the Neck and back which may be seen in their proper place Another is from thick Flegm kurdled milke c. Sticking in it where Oxymel of squils and vomits takes place II. The Wounds of the Gullet in respect of their Causes are twofold for either they are Caused by a weapon and then the situation of the wound shows it if vomiting happen somwhat is cast forth through it and t is hardly Cured Or from some smal bones swallowed and then t is easily manifest Medicines that are grateful to the Stomach ought to be administred III. An Ulcer of the Gullet is known by the pain when some sharp sour or Salt thing is swallowed though in little quantity by its biting and by the casting up of matter 'T is hard to be Cured because the parts wil scarce grow together in a Membranous body It hath its Differences from the Causes for one is from external corroding things as Aqua Fortis mercury Sublimate and then we must work with Lenient Vomits and such as are clammy as the Mucilage of quince Seeds Fat broths Another is from a wound Tumors imposthums another from the casting up of sharp Humors c. Chap. 2. Of the Symptomes of the Gullet AMongst the Symptomes of the Gullet the Principal one is the hurt of swallowing which is twofold for one is by Reason of the resolution of the Gullet the faculty being hurt by Reason of the Resolution of the Nerves of the sixth or seventh Conjugation it s known by this that solid things are easier swallowed than liquids as being thrust down with less labor for these require a greater force to make them yeeld to the impulsive Body It ariseth either from a Defluxion and then there is felt a heaviness in the Head a distension of the Neck and the Rheum it self or from some other Disease t is dangerous and ought to be cured by Medicines good against Palsies the Second is by Reason of Convulsions which ariseth also from a wound and t is most dangeous in old people There is another from the affects of the part of which we have treated formerly Title II. Of the affects of the Stomach Chap. 1. Of the Diseases of the Stomach THe Affects of the Stomach are either diseases or Symptoms to those belong distempers Tumors wounds and Vlcers the other see hereafter Article I. Of the Distemper of the Stomach in general The Distemper of the Stomach is a preternatural constitution of its similar Parts in the first qualities The SIGNS of that are the hurt appetite and concoction a change in the Excrements a heaviness in the Stomach and waving of it and distillations from the Head which most commonly happen The CAUSE is whatsoever can Internally or Externally alter it The CURE is performed I. By the alteration of the distemper by contraries then the Medicines ought
to be grateful to the Stomach rather solid than liquid rather meats that are Medicinal than exact Medecines mixt with astringent things that the Stomach be not Relaxed not sharp Salt corroding lest they offend the mouth of the Stomach if the Medicines be external they must be applied to the sword-like Cartilage towards the Navel and upon the back to the twelfth and thirteenth Vertebrae II. By taking away the Causes both External and Internal III. By Strengthening the Stomach where appropriate Medicines take place as the Magistral of red Coral the inward Coat of a Hens maw c. 'T is divided into a distemper without or with matter of which in the following Articles Article II. Of the Distemper of the Stomach without matter A Distemper of the Stomach without matter is a preternatural disposition of the similar Parts of the Stomach in its qualities produced by external and Internal Causes without the presence of any Humor Its SIGNS and Causes shal be explained in the differences the Cure relies only on alteration and removing the Causes 'T is divided according to the qualities I. One is Hot which is known from the want of appetite to meat indorous Belchings clamminess of Spittle dryness of the jaws and Tongue it ariseth externally from the six non Natural things encreasing its heat internally from internal Diseases burning Feavers Inflamation of the Liver Spleen c. 'T is Cured 1. With cooling things but lightly and not too long applied 2. With cooling Diet where Barley Water takes place and Emulsions of the four greater cold seeds II. Another is cold which it known from the greatness of appetite unless it be too cold by sour belchings if neither much nor cold meats have been eaten nor flegm do abound by wind and two much spitting It ariseth externally from the six non Natural things internally from the parts incumbent as the Liver Spleen and Muscls of the Belly which induce a coldness 'T is Cured 1. By appropriate heaters but not too much inwardly and outwardly moist lest driness be caused 2. By Diet where Wormwood Wine takes place it is distinguished into a positive of which we have now treated and a privative which is conjoined with driness It ariseth from the defect of innate heat which is Caused by things that heat too much as the frequent use of Wine the want of nourishment the heat and driness of the incumbent Parts as of the Liver of the muscles of the Belly and the Cal. III. Another moist which is known by want of thirst by abundance of spittle c. it ariseth from external Causes inducing moisture it is Cured 1. With dryers without eminent heat or cold as are the ashes of Hens Guts of Swallows burnt harts horn red Coral troschiskes of Vipers Galangal burnt Salt 2. By a contrary Diet. IV. Another dry which is known by the extenuation and Contraction of the Region of the Stomach which is accompanied with a slenderness of the whol body It ariseth externally from a drying Diet too much emptying and fumes of mettals internally from the dryness of the incumbent parts The cure is the more difficult because with the Feaverish heat it induceth a consumption if vomiting happen it argues a great want of innate heat the Cure is performed 1. By moistening which is best of al accomplisht by nourishments that are medicinal 2. by Diet where Milk takes place beginning with a smal dose new layed Eggs Almonds Raisons Pine Nuts c. There is another compound the Nature of which may be collected from the simple those that labor of a hot and dry distemper have little blood unfit for nourishment are lean bound in body with Veins eminent subject to the dry Scab Article III. Of the distemper of the stomach with matter A distemper of the stomach with matter is when the stomach fals from its temper by reason of some humor either generated there or falling thither from some other place The Signs and causes are put in the difinition in the differences they shal be more largely Explained The CURE is finisht 1. By the alteration and evacuation of the peccant humor 2. By strengthning of the part by appropriate external meats Looke into the differences The Differences of this Distemper are Divers One is from the matter generated in the stomach then the symptoms appeare continually the whole body and al the members are sound It is cured by emptying of the matter which is comodiously done by medicines of aloes hiera picra mechoacan and by corroborating the part Another is from matter falling from another part then that part which was periodically affected is no longer troubled some accustomary evacuation is supprest or the usual diet hath bin changed or somewhat stops in the whole body or in some particular part The symptomes are more remisse For the cure we must have respect to the parts that send the matter II. Another is from the matter sticking in the cavety of the stomach then there is a waving or nauseousness which is attended with vomitinge or a loosness Another from the matter impacted in the coates of the stomach then there is a nauseousness without vomiting oftentimes with the hickops III. There is another chollerick viz. hot and dry which besides the former signes is discovered by nauseousness bitterness of the mouth with a certain sence of knawing and sometimes by chollerick vomitings It ariseth from choller either sent thither from the bladder of gal or generated there from corrupt meats 'T is cured 1. By dyet wherein chicken broath seasoned with lettice and endive doth excel 2. By emptying of the matter both by vomits made of the pouder of the down or flower of walnuts dryed in the smoak and given a dram weight in honey and water and purgers compounded of hiera picra 3. By alteration and coolers and moisteners amongst which do excel succory and violet water syrup of pomegranates of coral of Quercetan of strawberries currans tincture of roses letââce and succory condite c. IV. There is another flegmatick to wit cold moist which is known both by the signs formerly reckoned up and by a sence of heaviness in the stomach especially some hours after meat by a waving sowr belching it proceeds from thin or thick flegm t is cured 1. By emptyers both by vomit to which in thick flegm we ought to premise things incisive given in a solid form amongst which excels diatrion pipereon diacalaminth the essence of balme penny-royal c. and by purging so that the purges be administred either alone or mixt with preparatives The vomiters are viz. of salt of vitriol given in broth oxymel with the decoction of radish Heurnius his vomiter of hellebor 2. By strengtheners amongst which excels inwardly taken the roots of callamus aromaticus and citron pills and of oranges with the phylosophical spirit of vitriol and the Elixir proprietatis outwardly ointments compounded of the distilled oyls of wormwood mint cudmin peneroyal mastick a
The Causes of which shal be treated in the Differences The Differences are taken from the Causes I. One is from the defect of the dewish substance of the Stomach which is known from the preceding Causes absence of loathing c. it ariseth from those things which can wast moisture as are Labors watchings fastings immoderate Evacuations c. The Cure is to be perfected with meat rather than with drink water which causeth vomiting and a loosness in them is to be shunned the beginning must be taken from moistning which a gentle cooling ought to follow Another from the dissipation of the moisture in the Stomach through heat which is known by the loathing of meat roughness of the Jawes bitter Salt nitrous tast It ariseth 1. Either of it self or from external things the hot Aire sharp Salt meats hot Potions Vehement Motion of the Tongue poysons al which ought to be removed Or from internal Causes as chiefly from an inequal distemper of the Stomach where we must empty and moisten with an Emulsica of the four greater cold Seeds 2. Or from other Diseases viz. A Feaver heat of the Lungs a dropsie c. The Cure of which must be fetcht from their proper places II. There is another without a Feaver which Choler or Salt Flegm do Cause Another with a Feaver in the beginning of whose fit no drink is to be administred lest a greater heat be kindled but the thirst must be deluded by things held in the Mouth in the Vigor we must use moistening and cooling Gargarisms in the declination unless the Patient wil abstain drink may be allowed that sweats may flow more plentifully Article VI. Of the hurt of Concoction or Chylification The hurt of Concoction is a fault of the concocting faculty in its action about the nourishment by which it comes to pass that it either doth not concoct at al or slowly or depravedly It contains therefore three things under it Bradupepsy Apepsy and Dyspepsy I. Bradupepsy is a slow and weak concoction when the meat is left either half crude or is not disgected but in a long time by reason of the frustration of the faculty and weakness of heat chiefly proceeding from a cold distemper The SIGNS are a distention of the stomach by winde after a ful Concoction of the meat the sent of the meats rising to the Palate many hours after sour belchings Flegmatick vomitings stooles moist and crude the Concoction of meats easie to be concocted scarce done in a long time The Adaequate cause is the frustration of the Concocting faculty which either is hindred by some Organical Disease as a Tumor inflations c. Or is weakned by a cold distemper induced by those things which either do cool or suffocate or dissipate or withdraw the nourishment or t is hindred by an external error which either Excrements heaped up in the stomach or sent from some other part do Cause or nourishments not regularly taken in just quantity quality time and order or sleep The CURE unless the griefe proceed from an external error is principally to be directed against a cold distemper for this inwardly are good the tincture of amber magistral of corals Elixir proprietatis Diacorum nobile the fruit of Eglantine condite extract of calamus aromaticus of Juniper berries of Zedoaryâ spirits of vitriol if crosse humors are presumed to be in the stomach but 't is then worst of al when the heat of the stomach is Languishing for this the blewish or green spirit of wormwood Mynsichtus his elixir of vitriol syrup of Juniper berries conserve of roses vitriolate the phylosophical salt compounded of salt of niter prepared and molten gemmae each two drams of wormwood blessed thistle tamarisk each one dram of galangal cubebs mace each two scruples Birckmannus his pouder of the root of cuckowpint prepared in Quercetans Pharmacopea The distilled oyl of orange pils of wormwood Bartoletus his potable oyl of nutmegs cinamon mastick c. outwardly do best agree Cratoes stomach oyl tacamahac balsome of Peru Hartmans stomach scutum Stokerus cerote of ladanum c. II. Apepsy is the concoction of nourishment in the stomach quite abolisht proceeding from the privation of its alterative faculty by which it comes to pass that it descends crude into the guts The SIGNS of it are the precedent causes belchings after the space of 6. or 7. hours savoring of the nature and quallities of the meats the casting up of them inconcocted or voiding them so by stoole c. The CAUSES are stronger than those which were alledged in a Bradypepsy The CURE also ought to be fetcht from thence the arcanum of tartar is commended if ten grains of it be taken every day in broath III. A dispepsie or diaphthora is a corruption of the meat and a change of it into a strange qualitie by reason of the frustration of the concocting faculty of the stomach The SIGNS of this are nidorous belchings adust acid far stinkings which are often attended with rumblings of the belly murmurs pains bitings vomitings very stinking stooles impatiency of hunger anxiety c. The CAUSE is the distemper of the stomach and that oftentimes hot which burns up corrupts and putrefies the meat but every thing corrupted according to its nature puts on a strange quallity hence it is that things smel so diversly Chiefly the nidorous coruption is the off-spring of heat which ariseth from hot diseases nourishments of the same quality and easily corrupted as milke fishes mushrums fading fruites the sowr corruption proceeds from cold The CURE is to be turned to the distemper the hot one chiefly of which we spake before here the Spirit of sorrel and Quercetans syrupe of corals chalenge the first place Article VII Of the Hickopps The Hickop is a convulsive motion of the stomach consisting of the distension and dilatation of the fibres of its upper part by which the expulsive faculty being irritated doth endeavour to cast forth things hurtful that are fixt in the coats of the stomach especially of the mouth of it and gullet with a noise and vehement contorsion There is no need to reckon up the signs 't is heard by the standers by The CAUSE is matter residing sometimes in the whole stomach but pulling the stomach either by an inimicous quallity or by compressing it There is no Cure if a Dilerium happen with it because it is an argument that either acrid vapors are raised up to the head from the stomach inflamed or that the brain being inflamed the evil is comunicated with the nerves of the orifice of the stomach if it arise in a deepe sleepe in swouning fits or convulsions The cure is doubtful if fainting be feared with it if it befal old people purged above measure if it arise from an inflamation of the liver if it invade after vomiting because it is a signe the stomach or braine suffers no smal inflamation if it happen in sincere vomiting because there is signified some great burning
extinction of the native heat If with it there be other matter which from the corruption in the body hath contracted blackness it being by nature not black it relates to I. The urgent symptome it self which is to be stopped 1. By revellers whether they be strong and sharp Clysters or hot things applyed to the extream parts 2. By things that compress the motion of the expulsive faculty and strengthen the Stomach Inwardly are commended Zacutus his Pills lib. 9. hist prax cap. 1. num 4. Lignum aloes poudered and given with the syrup of the sharp juice of Citrons The crude juice of quinces taken a spooneful laudanum opiate a vomit Outwardly a plaister of treacle Zacutus his cataplasme an epithem of the decoction of wormwood mint made in smiths water The differences are taken chiefly from the causes I. One is from external causes as are meats either taken into great quantity or offensive by their hurtful qualities vomiting medicines then are comended new treacle spirits of wine imoderate drinking and drunkenness vehement motions after meat unaccustomed going to Sea violent coughing the phansie and beholding of things loathsom blows on the body a wound of the skul poyson taken c. Another is from internal causes either diseases or humors of which shal be treated in the following difference II. Another is from diseases infesting the stomach as are Vlcers tumors straitness and smallness the stoppage of the lower orifice which must be considerd in the cure Another is from humors which are either bred there and then there was some fault in the dyet with a continual nauseousness or flow from some other part and then there must be respect had to those parts or they lie in the cavity of the stomach and then they are cast up with a little straining there is a distension and anxiety after meat and vomitings when they have taken no meat or they adhere to the coats and then they vomit not unless upon taking of meat nauseousness is very troublesome These humors are 1. The Chyle which must be suddenly remedied lest an atrophy steale upon us this happens in an ulcer of the Stomach 2. Excrements which are cast upwards in the Iliaca passio as also Glysters 3. Blood which is cast up either by reason of the cutting of some member or after the suppression of some evacuation of blood where it must be dissolved lest it putrefy with oxymel in which a dane-wort root hath been boyled afterwards it must be emptied at last it must be stopped with two ounces of the water of the greater nettle spirit of vitriol as much as is sufficient for a gratful sharpness w th the essence of crocus Martis gelly of Quinces with the old conserve of roses given with gum tragacanth Or by reason of the opening of the vessels where the same means must be used Syrup of purslane with terra sigillata is powerful in astriction 4. Cholor sometimes comes theither if the channel of choler be inserted into the Stomach and then the nature of the humor cast up must be considered vomiting troubles them most when they are fasting 't is somtimes happily stayed by opening the Salvatella if we may credit Zacutus 5. Flegm melancholly matter worms stones c. which are best of all discovered by their proper signs Article X. Of Choler Choler whether it come apotes choles that is from yellow choler from which it most frequently ariseth or apo ton cholodon that is from the gutts is twofold moist and dry I. Moist choler which also is the true is a continuall and imoderate casting off of an evil humor with great perturbation and violence both through the upper and lower parts arising from the violent irritation of the expulsive faculty The signs are often voiding of cholerick humors a great paine in the belly and bowels paine at the heart thirst a pulse smal and frequent to which do oftentimes succeed faintings and coldness in the extreame parts The Cause is a sharp and corrupt matter whether arising from meats bad in themselves as the eggs of the barbel fish mushrums melons cowcumbers plums fat things herbs leeks onions c. or bred elsewhere and sent to the stomach as shal be said in the differences The cure must be bastend by reason of the acuteness of the disease yet there are some in whom this cholerick passion a lask at certain periods doth empty al the superfluities of their bodies It respects 1. The furthering of either of the evacuations if one be too much the other to little 2. Atempring of the humors 3. Astrengthning of the part 4. A restoring of the strength and spirits too which end wine is good if there be no feaver 5. A mitigation of the Symptomes of which in the differences As for the differences There is one when the matter that irritates is conteined in the Stomach which is known by this that there is present nauseousness a straitness knawing and pain of the stomach It ariseth from strong purging medicines Concerning the Cure observe 1. That the flux must not be stopped if the evacuation be plentiful and the strength be not impaired 2. Where the irritation is great and the evacuation smal vomiting must be furthered by gentle vomiters and purging by benigne purgers and laxatives 3. Where the evacuation is great and irritation smal we must use astringents and strengtheners together 4. If vomiting be excessive we must move by stoole if a loosness be too much we must act with vomits composed of whey with syrup of roses 5. Inwardly crocus martis rightly prepared doth stop it best of al. The decoction of Cloves Mastich and Red Roses made in red wine Laudanum opiate the spunge that is wont to grow on sawallows given four grains weight in red wine Outwardly a Sea spunge boy led strongly in vinegar and laid upon the stomach Another is when the matter flows from elsewhere as from the liver pancreas gutts mesentery into the stomach 'T is known by this that for the most part there is present a malignant feaver and convulsins trouble them the matter offending then is Choler like yolks of eggs yellow adust or salt nitrous and corrupt In the Cure 1. The course of the matter flowing thither is not presently to be stopped 2. If it flow too much it must be diverted by medicines either to the skin or to the passages of urine or it must be called to the outward parts by frictions ligatures and the like 3. It must be qualified and the parts strengthened Inwardly Christal is good given half a dram weight Outwardly epithems made of the juice of Endive Purslane with barly flower In course of diet bread dipt in the juice pomegranates is good c. II. Dry choler which also is the bastard is a voiding of a flatulent spirit through the upper and lower parts with a puffing up of the belly with noise and a pain of the loynes sides The SIGNS and immediate cause
are exprest in the definition The CURE which also must be hastened doth respect 1. The bringing forth and discussing that flatulent spirit where Clysters and carminative decoctions take place 2. A Removal of the Cause from which it ariseth of which in the differences As concerning the Differences One is From the fiery heat of the stomach corrupting the meats and converting them into a nidorous matter and sharp vapors in which the cure must be turned against a hot distemper and outwardly the boyling hot hypochondries must be cooled Another is from sharp and windy nourishments as Raddish Rocket Seed fryed Egs and the like and then the matter must be emptyed and give diartion Piperion Another is from Black-choler and other adust and Salt Humors lurking about the Hypochondries and growing hot by the mixture of another Humor as we see Salts and saline spirits being mixt with acrid spirits do yeild a great quantity of spirits Title III. Of the Affects of the Guts Chap. 1. Of the Diseases of the Guts THe Diseases of the Guts are Cheifly Inflamation Straitness Wormes Rupture Wounds Vlcers and the affects of the right Gut Article I. Of the Inflamation of the Guts An inflamation of the Guts is a swelling of them arising from blood out of its vessels falling into them and putrefying The SIGNS are a fixt and distending pain the perceiving of a Tumor that the Guts may be perceived to be rowled up like the strings of an instrument costiveness of body a stoppage of the Urin a Feaver present The CAUSE is explained in the definition In the Autum the blood chiefly flows thither by reason of its thinness because the thin and moveable Humors generated in the Summer by the inequal cold of the Autum are driven to the center of the body The CURE must be ordered according to the rule of other inflamations and that quickly because the evil is acute and oftentimes turnes to a gangrene and mortification The cooling Medicines which are administred for it ought to be without astriction we must wholy abstain from Purgers lest the place affected be exasperated 'T is divided according to the place and Causes I. One is of it self of which we have now treated another from the Navel Rupture of which in its place Another from the Rupture of the guts in which the Guts ought presently to be put back into their place Another from a contusion in which to those things which are applyed for the inflamation must be added somwhat lenifying and concocting II. One is in the smal guts which is most common in which a distention of the stomach straitness of breathing daily vomitings do molest that they are not able to contain their drink the pain and Torture tends most to the upward parts Another in the great Guts in which the pain reaches more to the Hypochondries there is a heaviness in the Loins and vomiting is not so continual Article II. Of the Straitness of the Guts The Straitness of the Guts is known cheifly by this that the Excrements of the Belly are not rightly cast forth by stoole It hath its Differences according to the Nature of the Causes I. One is from External things that are astringent and drying as quinces and other things which is known by the relation of the Patient and standers by In the Cure are required things moistening and mollifying fat things c. II. Another is from the Excrements hardned obstructing them which is known by this that there is no Tumor pain yet the Excrements are not cast forth It ariseth at that place especially where the smal and great Guts end either from too dry matter and drink to much diluted or from the heat of the neighbouring parts sucking up the moisture 'T is Cured by Mollifiers by a bath of sweet Water with emollient Herbs by the Grease of a rosted Goose cast in by a Clyster by blowing up the Guts with a Pair of bellows which must be followed with a strong Clyster with half a dram of Sal gema III. Another is from Inflamation of which we spake in the former Chapter IV. Another from the growing together of the Guts which is incurable V. Another from a Rupture or worms of which shal be spoken hereafter VI. Another from thick Flegm which is known by this that Causes generating that went before crudities flowness of the belly to stoode and much wind abound It ariseth from the fault of the Dier and the feeble heat of the Guts and if it stick there long it grows so thick that it wholly stops up the Guts It is Cured by things that cut flegm and sharp Clysters concerning which consult with the Chapter of the Cholick Article III. Of Worms Worms and smal creatures wholly preternatural generated in the guts out of a thick clammy and viscous Humor having in it the principal of life in its kind by a vivid heat raised up by putrefaction which do hinder the actions of the Guts The common signs are many to wit a stink in the mouth disturbed sleep with skipping trembling noise and gnashing of the Teeth Itching and often rubbing of the nose a pale face somtimes by fits ruddy hollow and dark Eyes the white of which is changed into a Saffron or Pale running of drivel from the Mouth more than usual a distension and puffing up of the belly with murmurs a knawing in the belly that exasperated in the time of hunger somtimes a loosness vomiting falling-sickness If in the morning while Children are fasting cold water be sprinkled on the Mouth of the stomach they wil al gather together and this sign hath most weight with it if the Age of the Child wil bear with it The CAUSE is a viscous and Flegmatick Humor which ariseth from much eating meats that easily corrupt generate a thick juyce as cheese Milk pulse decaying fruits sweet things sugard things honyed things c. It hath somthing analogous to seed endued with a formative faculty and a vivifying discretion which doth dispose the matter to receive this and no other form of worm and being disposed doth Cloath it with that from as we see peculiar worms do proceed out of wormwood Sea Salt a Horse a calfe Mulberry leaves Cheese Honey The CURE which is Difficult if there be many great ones red and of divers colors living if in the beginning of Feavers and acute Diseases as also in the augment by the malignity of the Disease they be Symptomatically voided Is Performed I. By things that kil them those which are bitter acrid Salt or enemies by their whol propriety ought to be given upwards but alwaies mixt with sweet things downwards premising sweet things then when they are in the lowest places or in the right Gut with them Oyl ought to be mixed that they may be stifled in it with cheese butter which they exceedingly fear The chiefe things that kil them are hot as Coralline given in pouder one dram Wormseed centory the less peach flowers Myrrh
One spoonful of the tincture of orange peels extracted with spirits of wine Sperma ceti with oyl of sweet almonds Outwardly gum taccamahac and Caranna applyed to the Navel The antiapoplectical balsome with one or two grains of Zivet c. IV. One is exquisite of which we have hitherto spoken Another Spurious whose cause sticks either in the peritoneum or in the membranes which are spred over the abdomen and parts of the belly 'T is known by this that the paine is most greivous and very lasting and cannot be mitigated neither by glysters nor medicines nor fomentations nor by those remedies by which the true collick pains are abated and yet it succeeds to long continued feavers and other cholerick diseases whose solution is difficult For nature endeavoring a crisis and the expulsion of the hurtful humor by the stoole when she can no where find a ready and cleare way to empty it doth often cast it out of the veins and bowels into the membranes whence do arise pains more grievous than the former disease 'T is observed by Fernelius that both continuall feavers and tertians and more frequently quartans are terminated with these pains which a long time had their exacerbations at certaine circuits and retained the like order of fits See concerning this Mattheus Martinus on the diseases of the Mesentery V. Another is which tends to a particular palsey which Palmarius was wont to cure with a syrup compounded of white wine six ounces Rose water two ounces pouder of Alarbazi or antimony prepared one dram choice cinnamon one dram and an half infused al night strained by gentle pouring it off adding of Sugar eight ounces The dose is from half an ounce to an ounce after a draft of chicken broath Article 3. Of Costiveness of body Costiveness of body is no casting forth of excrements or very little in proportion to the nourishment received There is no need of signs The causes shal be explained in the differences The cure is not to be neglected for from thence the head is assaulted with vapors the whole body grows heavy the concoction of the stomach is hindred the appetite destroyed the loines grow weak to wit the veines being burthend and a preternatural heat caused in them Sometimes the belly is moved by sneezing and coughing sometimes if the diseased walk on the ground bare sooted c. The difference is taken from the excrements and guts I. One is by default of the excrements which either are not by reason of fasting and the use of meats of good juice Or do not stimulate either by reason they are small in quantity or by reason of the want of choler which either is carried to other parts as in the jaundice or is not produced out of cold meats Or they are hard either by fasting and a hot habit of body or by a continued restraint there by which it comes to pass that they forthwith grow dry and the veins of the mesentery do suck forth somwhat of their juice Or by reason of gross tough astringent meat eaten at first and not moistned by reason of the too great heat of the liver and kidnies and then there must be care taken of those parts we must act by mollefyers Solenanders liniment is approved of if the navil be anointed therewith 't is compounded of new oyle of sweet almonds goose grease May butter dialthea each two drams Coloquintida sixteen grains Salt one scruple and half the pouder of Simple hiera one scruple diagridium four grains II. Another is by fault of the guts which either do not feel either by reason of their long custom or by their stupidity such as is caused by the drowsy disease palsy apoplexy or by reason of flegme adhering to their coats of which in the chollick Or do not cast it forth either by reason of the narrowness of the passages from the obstruction of the guts of which formerly or of some tumor of the mesentery or bowels pressing the guts or from the fault of the muscles of the belly or from the strength of the retentive faculty from the moderate dryness Article 4. Of a Looseness Point 1. Of a Lientery and Coeliaca Fluxes of the belly are A Lientery Coeliaca Diarrhy Dysentery and Hepatick flux A Lientery is too sudden a voiding by the stool the nourishment in that forme in which it was received proceeding from the fault of the retentive and expulsive faculty of the stomach and guts The SIGNES are evident whether you consider the consistence or the colour smel and other qualities of the aliments taken The CAVSE we have laid in the definition on the faults of the retentive and explusive faculty of which hereafter in the differences The CURE must be hastened because this symptome proceeds from a great prostration of the natural heat and a weakness of the tone of the stomach 'T is difficult if it be supervenient to acute and chronical diseases because the strength is impaired It respects 1. The cause which must be taken away 2. The symptome which must be stayed by astringent means and things that stregthen the stomach and guts The Diffence is taken from the causes One is by default of the retentive faculty which is hurt 1. By the refrigeration of the guts which is caused I. By immoderate drinking of cold water especially when the body is hot by a southerne wind over moist and excessive cold especially in bodies of a fine texture c. 2. A cold distemper which ariseth from flegm either generated there or sent from some other part covering over the wrinkles of the guts doth make them laxe and slippery duls their heat and closeth up the mouths of the mesaraick veins In this for the most part a Celiaca was precedent If sour belching which was not before be supervenient to this of long continuance it is a good signe The Cure requires a casting forth of the matter either by vomit or stoole to which end serve Myrobalans Chebul Citrini tamarinds Rbubarb A restraint of the same and strengthening of the stomach by the distilled oyles of masticke wormwood mint c. order of dyet in which wine takes place II. by a laxness from the continuall use of things oyly fat and emollient from whence is too great a mollification of the Mouth of the stomach whether also belongs the resolution of the nerve of the sixth payre that contracts the fibres of the inward coat III. By a strange quality inured and that either from an evil constitution of the aire as happens in a popular lientery or from the unseasonable eating of mushrums melons cowcumbers c. IV. By a thick and smooth scar such as is wont to follow a great disentery and a deep ulceration which by its thickness stopping the Mesaraicks hinders the distribution by its smoothness the Retention This must be rubbed off and wiped away as it were by eating of sharp things attenuating and strong abstersive as musterd Seed Onions Garlicks honey of
Roses Oxymel of Squils with a Mixture of things a little astringent Another is by default of the Expulsive Faculty which is provoked 1. By an ulcerous Disposition residing in the Superficies of the Guts and Stomach like pustles 'T is known from hence that there was no Coeliaca going before and there is a sense of knawing and pain in the stomach In the cure if the Stomach be in fault eschew vomits let the Belly be loosned with lenitives having some astriction avoid Fat things If the Guts be affected vomiting is good 2. By sharp humors whether generated there or falling from some other part especially the Liver It is known as the former disposition The cure is hard if it be of long continuance because it passeth into a dysentery if it be with difficulty of breathing and a pricking in the side and the humor fal down from the brain so that part of it fall upon the breast because it ends in a consumption If it be long with gripings wormes and paines because these being over it hath a swelling followes The sharpness is abated with the decoction of baâley succory other cooling things if it continue long rhubarb prepared in rose water is effectual 3. From the taking of poyson and then things alexipharmacal must be mixed the juice of dittander with syrup of pomegranates is commended II. A Coeliaca is a suddaine passing of drink and meats out of the stomach into the gutts in which they flow forth like unto chyle or a milky substance The Signs are evident This passage is compleated within six or eight hours after meat so that the thinner and subtler parts of the nourishment are alterd and concocted and so pass into the nourishment of the body yet the body because it is not sufficiently nourisht wasteth a way The pulse is frequent and heat afflicts as if there were a feaver when they are going to stool some light fainting seize on them Before it breake forth the belly is distended and struts out The CAUSE of it is cheifly the il distribution of the chyle which is bred by the obstruction either of the mesentery spleen or liver and then the chyle is voided white the obstructions must be opened Or the weakness of the attractive faculty in the liver and then the chyle is somwhat dyed with a little reddish colour the liver must be strengthened Or the immoderate Quantity or corruptible nourishments and drinke for hence there is much filth heaped up in process of time being increased in those parts t is corrupted and by its quantity or quality provokes the expulsive faculty The CURE Respects the Causes as we have said al the superfluous humor being emptied the flux stayes of it self somtimes on the same day it began sometimes on the next Point 2. Of the Diarrby A Diarrhy is an immoderate frequent and continual going to stoole in which excrementitious and sincere humors by their quantity or quallity stiring up the expulsive facculty of the stomach and guts do flow forth without an inflamation lientery exulceration Tenesmus or vehement sence of paine There is no need to touch upon the Signes for they are explaned in the definition The Cause is al that which doth preternaturally irritate and encrease the expulsive faculty of the stomach and guts on the contrary doth debilitate and destroy the retentive whether it be done by it self or by consent The Cure is difficult if it befal a great bellied woman because it withdraws the nourishment from the child by moving relaxes the ligaments and by raising up of filthy vapors causeth abortion 'T is easier if vomiting succeed because there is a revulsion of the matter from the lower parts to the lower If it happen after an ophthalmy because the matter is revelled from the upper parts to the lower If it be supervenient to one sicke of a dropsie though it be violent at the begining of the disease in ful strength and the bowels sound because there is an evacuation made of the matter causing the disease from the whole habit of the body by the stool It must not presantly be attempted if such matter be purged as ought to be if it do good and they beare it easily if there be no feaver For oftentimes to have a flux for one day or more is healthful if it stop within seven dayes if it be presumed from the circmstances to be critical 'T is accomplished 1. By Emptying of the matter it selfe By rhubarb in substance mechoacan tamarinds myrobalanes and syrup of roses solutive 2. By revulsion which is done by bleeding vomiting frictions ligatures urine sweats 3. By the use of astringents of which if we consider the simples the cheife are tormentil roots Plantane avens sloes The leaves of plantan loosestrife shepherds pouch The seeds of Purslane of cresses torrified The flowers of roses pomegranates Woods red Saunders Spices Nutmegs Minerals terra sigilata bole arminicke Chrystal c. If the compounds they are Tragaea of Elder berries Quercetan in his pharmacopoea c. 21. the bones of a man calcined terra dulcis vitrioli crocus martis burnt hartshorn new treacle old conserve of roses diascordium sperniolae compositum and if the flux be too vehement Philonium Romanum and laudanum opiate 4. The diet in which steele water takes place an immulsion of sweet almonds in tormentil water or the decoction of Oake leaves the pouder of diatragacanthum in reer eggs c. The Differences of a Diarrhy are Various I. One is from things external as purging medicines causing a super-purgation which is stopped with the root of dropwort given in wine by steeled milk given by glyster by laudanum opiate From poysons against which alexipharmaca must be opposed especially some graines of an emrald praepared in a convenient water Another is from things internal of which hereafter II. One is from the whol Body which is either with a Feaver or without a Feaver as shal be said in the following Difference Another is from some part which see in the fifth Difference III. One is with a Feaver the matter causing the Flux being transmitted from the whol Body which is known by this that things very crude moist and watry are cast forth with a noise either often and little at a time or much and altogether and there are present the Signs of a Feaver 'T is hardly Cured if in a disease of long continuance with lothing of meat stools be sincere that is such as have no watery moisture mixt with them because they shew a burning up of the native moisture by a weak heat if they be voided with often noise and too much because that argues a crude stoole from vitious humors this because the often labor of going to stool causeth deliriums and these have danger of fainting depending on them If the stooles be thick white green yellowish frothy because they demonstrate crudities a disturbed flux plenty of yellow choler in the guts a mixture of a windy spirit with the humor
the Epigastrical branch of the Vena Cava and are disseminated to the external parts of the right Gut viz. The Muscles of the Anus but they are two having an Artery joyned with them from the Hypogastrical Artery Yet they seem al to have communion one with another It is known by the sight and because 't is greater 't is also more dangerous In the Cure external things have a convenient Application II. One is by default of the blood which either is too much and then there are signs of fulness we must revel by bleeding in the Arme or if strength wil not bear it by fixing Cupping-Glasses to the Loyns or Hypochondries Or sharp and thin and then it happens most to Southern people especially to men that are Sanguine Serous Humors if strength wil bear it ought to be emptyed if not we must use coolers and things that thicken the blood amongst which Purslane Trochiskes of burnt Ivory and Amber do excel Or it flows from the Liver and then 't is like to Water in which flesh new kill'd is washt The Syrup of corals is good Or from the upper Parts and then the blood is black and burnt Or from the Mesentery and then 't is little somwhat white Serous Or from the Guts and then 't is mixt with the Excrements Another is by default of the Veins which either are opened in which Cause we must use Agglutinatives as the Mushrum which is called the Wolfes Fart c. Burning and cutting the which are dangerous especially in those that are inveterate and of long continuance Or Eaten through and broke and this Evacuation Casts a man into a Dropsie and other Diseases II. The Suppression of the Hemerhoids is an interception of the blood endeavouring to get forth through the Veins of the Anus from whence they are raised up into a Tumor with pain The Signs are a tumor and bunchings out in the heads of the veins of the Anus sometimes hard like unto warts somtimes soft caled like to mulberries somtimes of a purple colour and like to grape stones the pricking paine is somtimes milder somtimes more greivous the Veins being distended whose Mouths hangs as it were out of their heads and the membrane which covers the orifices of the Veins stretcht and prest The CAUSE is Faeculent and thick blood desiring to get forth The CURE must be hastened both because it threatens a dropsie if the blood run back to the liver and because unless it be seasonably remedied by reason of the great attraction and flux of humors it causeth inflamation impostumation or a fistula It is performed 1. By mitigation of the pain which is asswaged by the crum of Barly bread steeped in womans milk adding the yolk of eggs and saffron 'T is taken away with laudanum dissolved in womens milke applied with honey but most of al with Butter Sugar or anima Saturââ with flies of sheeps dung boyled in oyl of flax to the consumption of the creatures with the ashes of corke burnt and boyled with capons grease with the oyntment of road-flax concerning which see Hartman 2. By opening them universals premised by application of leeches or before that be done by an ointment of the Pulp of Coloqintida and oyl of sweet almonds by the juice of onions mixt with aloes applied rubbing first the part with a course cloth Sharp glisters do hurt the guts more then they provoke the hemorrhoids Unless they swel very much and be very painful they ought to be left to nature In the differences of the internal end external veins we must have a care The suppression of those is perceived by the squeezing of the Anus and thrusting up a probe Of these is obvious to the sight Title V. Of the affects of the Mesentery Chap. 1. Of the distemper and obstruction of the Mesentery THe affects of the mesentary are distemper obstruction inflamation impostumation and pain I. The distemper of the Mesentery for the most part is hot and dry which ariseth from the like matter which either is collected there of sent thither from some other part It is collected either in its veins and arteries and then because the breast hath the greatest consent with the hemorrhoidal artery because the trunke from whence the artery ariseth descending from the heart presently at its first rise doth propagate the intercostal branches there are continuall pains felt in the breast or also in its glandules by their laxness easily drinking up the matter The cure must not be neglected because 't is wont to fore-run a dry dropsy But it hath nothing singular except this that by those arteries not onely the first passages but also the whol body might be purged whether you give purging medicines or inject glysters and this perhaps is the cause that purging medicines layd to the navil do move to stool II. The obstruction of the mesentery is twofold one when the milky veins are obstructed which is knowen by this that a chylous and white flux of the belly doth molest and a consumption follows the matter necessary for the nourishment of the body being denyed That ariseth either from a thick crude clammy viscous chyle generated of the like meats or from a tumor of the glandules compressing them Another is when the mesaraick veins are stopt which is known by this that the matter restrained causeth a sence of distension and heaviness beatings of the arteries about the back are troublsome after taking of meat the evil grows more fierce and the stomach is comprest c. That ariseth either from vaporous and thick winds or from sharp humors and then the paine is more vehement sometimes while the evaporation lasteth the evil possesseth the whol cavity of the breast that somwhat is at hand like unto a suffocation somtimes there is a tumor raised about the mouth of the stomach and vaine belchings are produced those things being supprest that should be voided by the lower parts The cure is perfected 1. By openers and those indeedgentle That give strength to the liver and Stomach penetrating incisive drying lesning putrefaction and a little while astringent not by sweet things but bitter reduced into the forme of electuaries or pills but that liquor be drunk after them By tartarous things unless the saltness or sharpness of the humors do hinder by things that savour of Oxymel 2. By purgers unless windiness do hinder and those gentle not constant after the same manner given by little and little liquid 3. By vomiters but not violent Platerus his essence of broom is commended 4. By diuriticks that make thick humors fluid c. the liver is strengthened by Leonius his pills of the refuce of Iron By Mercatus his antidote of steele By Penotus his arcanum of vitriol sulphur and sallows c. Chap. 2. Of the inflammation and impostumations of the mesentery AN inflammation of the mesentery is a tumor of the same arising from humors poured forth with the nourishing blood into its
spaces or deeply impacted in its glandules and putrefying by the accession of external heat The signs are a slow feaver for the most part a semitertian a pain in the Loins sometimes on both sides sometimes in the right which extends it self to the fore part of the belly above and about the Stomach costiveness of body chylous stools which for the most part a thin matter doth follow somtimes sincere and yellowish sometimes mixt with the excrements It differs from the pains of the stomach of the womb Chollick and Stone by the signs expressed in them From the Fatness of the Belly because this may be al comprehended in the hand because it cleaves to the upper skin and may be separated from the muscles of the belly From a tumor of the muscles of the belly because that where 't is prest causeth paine and doth not so much bind the body The Cause is explained in the definition the blood is poured forth thither because the way for it to the guts is stopt either by astringent things which happens in a dysentery ill cured or by plenty of thick clammy humors suddainly rushing to the guts The Cure must not be neglected for 't is dangerous both by reason of the feaver with which the patient wasts and by reason of the putrefaction by which the mesentery is corrupted But 't is extended somtimes to the fortieth day somtimes to the eighty somtimes it lasts al the life time a feaver and collick paines somtimes returning somtimes ceasing 'T is performed as in other inflamations only note that the coolers ought to be more benign least the matter be more impacted The purgers must be none or gentle nor in the beginning lest more be attracted but when the inflamation tends to concoction Neither is Cassia safe enough in the undertaking of the Cure As concerning the Differences somtimes the Guts also are inflamed and then al things are worse Somtimes the Inflamation sticks about the glandules and then they are lighter Somtimes the neighbouring Liver is drawn into consent and then a burning Feaver for the most part goes before the evil afterwards tending to suppuration a slow Feaver follows II. Impostumations that do molest the Mesentery are various for 1. If you consider the place either they are above the Navel or beneath it or about it 2. If the Constitution somtimes the Mesentery is found made up of many great Schirrous Tumors Somtimes Stones are found in it Somtimes it hath infinite Impostumations without sense and pain included in their proper bagg and conteining a Gypseous glutinous or liquid matter But they are hardly known and somtimes not till after death yet if the Belly be swelled and the Symptomes present and there are no signes at hand neither of a dropsie nor of some other Disease of affinity with it we ought to suspect them But they are voided prodigiously Somtimes of its own accord this filth breaks forth by the stool and oftentimes fetching a circuit it returnes again Somtimes being copiously poured forth between the Peritoneum and Muscles of the Belly it either fals into the Cavity of the belly breaking the Peritoneum or breaks outwardly by an impostumation c. Somtimes this happens the patient bearing it wel somtimes it hastens his death Concerning their Cure these things in general must be noted 1. That the belly ought alwaies to be loose 2. We must make hast with resolving materials but light that have an aromatick vertue mildly astringent 3. Amongst detersives Mercatus his Syrupe of Steel bears the Palm 4. To Consolidate Cypres Turpentine any way prepared is to be preferd before al especially if the matter offending lurks in the Loyns and about the Kidneys 5. For the speedier ripening of the impostumation a Bath of sweet water must be often used 6. That the strength is exceedingly confirmed with the essence of Arsmart and Oyl of vitriol 7. Sharp things ought to be avoided because by their penetrating and abstersive Faculty they corrode the Ulcers and destroy the temper Chap. 3. Of the Pain of the Mesentery and the affects of the Caul and Pancreas THe pain of the Mesentery is a said sense of it which ariseth from a hot and sharp matter thrust into the menbranes of it afflicting with a perpetual Pain of the belly and Loins by intervals especially the time of Autum drawing neer and somtimes is dispersed into the head and whole body The Signs of that to come are a Jaundice disposition conspicuous in the eyes and every where about the temples the appetite lost a heaviness increasing in the Hypochondries seldome going to stool ruddy Urin. Of that present a strong suppression of Wind and Excrement a vehement Pain of the Belly and Loyns a casting up of Medicines by vomit little success of Clysters c. The strength is not to be Judged by the Puls for that is smal in al great pains Of that Increasing the sick cast off al Hopes the stone for the most part gathers strength the neighbouring Muscles of the Belly and the Peritoneum from the internal putrefaction gather Corruption the pains diffuse themselvs into the whol compass of the belly nay they pass to the utmost joynts yet chiefly to those of the shoulder and Feet at last Convulsive motions possess them It is distinguished from the pains of the Womb Kidneys Ileon Sciatica by the signs which are delivered there The CAUSES are sharp putrid Humors endewed with a quality immicous to al the bowels especially the liver and stomach which after Nature hath in vain tryed to empty by stool are cast into the Mesentery which is nothing else than the peritonaeum doubled and fastend to the Loins The CURE is doubtful if the pains be low because they are the stronger If they be felt above the navel and are not dissolved by any Medicines because they end in a dry dropsie If pains of the Kidneys succeed by reason of the neerness of the mine of corruption If new obstructions succeeding the evil from thence grows more fierce Of little or no hopes if vomitings molest cold sweats and often hickops If they last long the patients be feaverish and loath meat because 't is to be feared least the paine proceeding to the head do suddenly kil them after the manner of convulsions if watchings preserve and be vehement If an inverted course of nature draw neer If a hectick arise or a suppuration of the peritoneum and neighboring parts 'T is performed I. By taking away of the Causes where do take place 1. Glysters which to mollefy ought to be made of Goats milk with cassia and oyle of violets To clense we must ad a little hiera picra and honey of violets 2. Purgers by intervalls repeated if you perceive obstructions by the ruddy water gentle from which notwithstanding we must exclude manna by reason 't is abundantly windy 3. Preparatives and openers of the decoction of Scorzonera grass strawberries with the cordial flowers to which we must premise
time is less resisting the Fingers cannot be thrust under the ends of the Ribs It possesseth only the Membrane that compasseth the Liver yet somtimes it fils up the whol Hypochondry It ariseth either from a viscous Humor either sprung from meats of that Nature or made such by cold alteratives given about the time of Evacuation Or from a thin crudity arising from meats drink and other things inducing cold or from a thin wind The Cure is perfected by things opening and emptying Article V. Of the Wounds and Vlcers of the Liver The Wounds of the Liver which in Aged and ill habited bodies are very dangerous but by reason of the long effusion of blood are deadly are either from external causes which are Cured by things astringent and agglutinative red Roses dryed are commended or from a Contusion which hath Joyned with it a vomiting or dejections by stool or Urin with blood it is more dangerous than a wound and degenerates into an impostumation In the Cure it requires 1. The opening of a Vein in the Arme. 2. Potions Compounded of astringent things 3. The Flux of blood being stopt the dissolution of congealed blood by its Medicines An Vlcer of the Liver is a corrosion of the same from matter or juyce The SIGNS are an ulcerous pain in the right Hypochondry a Cough a Jaundice color of the Face a voiding of putrid sanious and bloody things by the stool or Urin an Atrophy because there is neither blood made nor the man nourisht The CAUSES are whatsoever things corrode the substance of the Liver of which shal be treated in the Differences The CURE must not be neglected although it be of little Hopes for it grows foul by a perpetual filth because t is continually washt with the nourishment 't is ordered as in other Ulcers The Differences of the Ulcers of the Liver are various I. One is in the Superficies which is less dangerous another in the Substance which is deadly because a spermatical part cannot be Regenerated II. One is in the Gibbous Part which is known by purulent Urins without the signs of an exulceration in the bladder and Kidneys by difficult breathing by pain of the midriff Another in the hollow part which is known by the bloody and somtimes purulent stooles by the pain of the Guts by reason of the acrimony of the matter by the sense of pricking and heaviness about the Liver III. One is which follows an inflamation which hath ended in an impostumation and this is dangerous especially if the matter be contained in the substance of the Liver Another is which ariseth from sharp and corroding Juyces which is known from hence that it creeps on by degrees the strength not impaired a Feaver ariseth in the progress observing no type which at length ends in a Hectick Loathing of meat afflicts them especially of flesh c. It ariseth from the default of corrupt or putrefying nourishments generous Wine heats the bowel and dries it and heaps up a certain putrid clamminess and matter Chap. 4. Of the Symptomes of the Liver Title I. Of the weakness of the Liver THe Symptomes of the Liver are Weakness Cachexy a Dropsie Jaundice and atrophy The weakness of the Liver or atonia is a hurt of the faculties of the same induced by its Causes The SIGNS ought to be taken from the consideration of the Excrements of the Belly of the urin and color of the whol body as shal be manifest in the differences The Causes hurting the faculties of the liver are diseases of distemper whether it be hot or cold to which is added an external error viz. when either the chyle is not rightly elaborated in the stomach or being wel elaborated somewhat vitious is mixt with it c. The Cure ought to be perfected with things that strengthen the liver and are appropriate to it as are the liver of a wolfe a calfe of hens snailes raisons c. As concerning the Differences One is by reason of the Sanguifying faculty which either is hurt by a cold distemper or the defect of natural heat and then the excrements of the belly are like to the washings of meat new killed which the cold growing more intense do cease crudities arise with which the feet first and then the other parts abound because the veins do suffer with the liver ill affected as being their original For the cure of this serves Rupert Cranesbil bruised a lie of the pruning of vines with wine c. Or from a hot distemper in which the chyle is burnt as it were the excrements are like to the dreggs of blood c. Another is by reason of the attractive faculty and then moist things flow down by the stool like creame although there be no fault in the stomach no obstruction of the mesentery Another is by reason of the retentive faculty and then is rendered by stoole things like to the washing of flesh new killed yet seldome moist and mattery c. Article 2. Of a Cachexy A Cachexy is a diffusion of the whol body into a watry and swelled softness by default of nourishment The Subject is the whole body but those parts especially which are obvious to the eyes as the skin and the muscles The signs are a color by reason of the flegmatickness of the blood sometimes white by reason of the mixture of cholor or melancholly sometimes livid or leaden A tumor with heaviness and sluggishness especially in the feet and hands by reason of the descent of serous humors and their distance from the heart and also about the eyes in the face cheeks ey-brows because those parts by their laxness do easily receive serous humors The Cause is the fault of nutrition For though that which is put to the parts doth concrete and adhere yet by reason of the too great plenty of crudities 't is not assimilated To wit the blood is flegmatick crude and serous and that is generated such either by reason of impure nourishments corrupt and producing abundance of serum Or by reason of the bowels which either are impure either from a Scrirhus as hath been said or from the effusion of a corrupt humor as hath been observed in a suppression of the courses that purulent matter from the obstruction of the ureters returning into the veins the blood being infected hath infected the whol habit of the body Or from their corrupt substance for so vitious and corrupt blood is brought forth and carried out to every part and there concreting It leaves a vitiated substance instead of a good hence the Cachexy is various according to the nature of the blood The flegmatick affects virgins and threatens a universal dropsy Or they are weak because they have been hurt either by the continuance of diseases or by too much evacuations or by long imprisonment c. In the Cure we must diligently observe 1. That regard be had to those diseases from which the cachexy proceeds 2. If humors abound they
are an increase of the Corporal bulk greater than in a Cachexy equal through the whol body so that the feet and Leggs swel in the begining a softness of the body a Laxness Paleness and weakness upon the least labor a continual Feaver slow with a puls smal oft and unequal the Urine white thin crude c. The CAUSE is the fault of the nourishment which by reason of the immoderate coldness of the Liver and Veins of which we spake in distempers is Flegmatick and crude nay the body is spred over with a clammy and congealed water and though the nourishment doth both concrete and adhere to the part that is to be nourshed yet 't is not assimilated The CURE is Easter than in others because a Flegmatick Humor comes neerer to the Nature of blood than a serous besides a strong diarrhy comming at the beginning while the strength is firme the Disease is Cured 'T is Performed 1. By emptying the watry matter dispersed throughout the body both by things that Evacuate by the lower Parts amongst which is commended the extract or Salt of Hedg Hyssop mixt with Rhubarb And by vomiters which see else where and by bleeding if it arise from a Plethorick Cause or retaining the blood least by the plenty of the cold Humor the heat be overwhelmed which must be done at the beginning And by sweaters as the Decoction of swallow wort used especially in a Laconick Bath before you enter into it some of Weckerus his water is wel administred concerning which see Hartman 2. By strengthning of the Bowels the Liver especially and stomach of which in their places Fardinandus commends the covering of the Patient in a heap of Wheat for to dry up the matter Article VI. Of the Jaundice The Jaundice is either Yellow or Black of which shal be spoken in the Symptomes of the Spleen The Yellow Jaundice is an effusion of a Yellow or greenish Humor into the habit of the Body proceeding from its Causes 'T is called also from the Name of a smal bird Galgulus from the variety of colors in the Rain-bow Arquatus and because 't is tenderly handled at Court Regius or because 't is beleeved to be Cured with Honey and wine a Princely drink The SIGNS of it are a yellowness of the whol body a Citron or pale green which is observed in the white of the Eye and at its inner Angle where the great Veins are A distension of the Veins under the Tongue a pain of the right Hypochondry or a hardness too Bitterness of the spittle with Cholerick Vomiting the Hickops and pain in the Head The CAUSE is a Humor of the same color which is poured forth into the habit of the Body for the Causes to be mentioned in the Differences The CURE varies according of the Nature of the Differences Yet it respects two things 1. The Cause which must be removed 2. The Symptomes which must be taken away after universals have been premised For the Face and Eyes is commended the fume from hot Vineger in which Rosemary hath been boyled The Specisicks are the extract of Columbine and Celandine which with a little Bezoar is given to the rich An Emulsion of Columbine Seeds with the distilled Water of the same for the poorer sort the pouder of Earth worms three or four live Lice in a poched Eg if we beleeve Zacutus which is a most sordid medicine A live Moth laid on the Navel til it die A live Spider in a Nut shel hung about the Neck placed to the pit of the heart til it die Amongst Magick things are reckoned the Patients bepissing of Nettles Cloths dipped in his Urin and exposed to the Air and many other things concerning which see Petraeus The Differences are taken from the Causes One is from those things that generate plenty of choler which are either External as sweet things hot meats and drinks Poysons especially as the Gal of a Leopard the biting of Vipers and venenate things and then we must act with things Alexipharmacal peculiarly opposite to the Nature of the Poyson in which also we must have regard to the manifest qualities Or Internal as are 1. A hot and dry distemper of the Liver and then the Urine is vehemently colord and thick the Excrements of the Belly are dyed of a Saffron color the Feet and hands are hot 2. An Inflamation and Impostumation of the same of which formerly Another is from those things which do hinder the puresying of the blood and the separation and Exclusion of Choler as are 1. The compression of the bladder of Gal by a Schirrus of the Liver or some other Tumor which see above 2. The Obstruction of the same from thick flegm plenty of Choler stones and other Causes which is either in the passage reaching to the Liver by which it is attracted and then the Excrements are dyed or in that tending to the Duodenum by which 't is cast forth and then the Excrements are white or it comes to pass by default of the Liver and then the right Hypochondry is distended if it become hard it foretels a Dropsie or by default of the bladder it self and then it invades suddainly the belly is slow to stool the Excrements because they are not dyed look white It is cured 1. With things that open obstructions amongst which prevails Dodder of Vetches the Decoction of the Strawberry Plant with horehound and Raysons the Juyce of Nettle Roots bruised in wine with Saffron Young Geese Dung gathered in the Spring dryed and given one dram weight Cremor Tartar diluted with steeled Wine spirit of Tartar c. 2. With Purgers given by course with openers amongst which Rhubarb and Hiera Picra are the best Another is from those things which do suddenly expel choler from the inward parts to the Circumference of the Body which cheifly comes to pass in acute Feavers in which either it is cast forth critically and then there went before Signs of coction and the Disease is Cured Or Symptomatically by reason of its plenty and Acrimony and then it happens before the seaventh day If it be without a coldness 't is thought to be either from a weakness of Nature or from an Inflamation if with a coldness the Feaverish matter is cast forth from the Bowels and veins to the Skin In the Cure we must have respect both to the Feaver and the Liver Article VII Of an Atrophy An Atrophy is a drying and wasting of the whol body arising from the disappointment of its nourishment The Subject is the whol body especially in relation to the soft Parts the Fat and Flesh the harder Parts indeed may be dryed but they cannot be so diminisht that from thence the whol body should decrease There is no need of SIGNS whenas the affect is apparent to the Eye The CAUSE is the disappointing of nourishment which proceeds either by default of the nourishment when that either failes that it is not taken not attracted not
it It respects the same things as a schirrus of the liver Amongst things that disgest in wardly are commended the root of ferne the pouder of dead nettle in meats the wood of tamariske boyled in steel water to a third part The composition of ferne rootes one ounce dodder of vetches two drams boyled in eight ounces of strong wine to the consumption of a third part Outwarly amongst emollient things Fabricius unguent is of force compounded of Gum ammoniacum one ounce oyle of sweet almonds white lillies bens grease each two ounces the juice of hemlock foure ounces vinegar of squils two ounces The Differences are the same as of a schirrus of the liver I. One is new come which afflicts with pain extending it self to the very throat Another inveterate which is void of al paine neither doth it easily kil a man unless the liver be drawne into consent II. One affects the spleen only according to its substance which also is bounded with the figure of the spleen though this do sometimes according to its longitude appear as round sometimes according to its latitude somtimes swels according to al its dimentions Another is poured forth into other neighbouring parts also that for the most part it comprehends al the left region of the belly Article III. Of an Vlcer and wound of the spleen Concerning an Vlcer there is nothing to be observed but that it followes inflamations and tumors and casts forth its matter somtimes by urine vomiting or stool It must be purged cleansed headed A wound is either in its superficies which is less deadly or in its substance which by reason of the effusion of blood is deadly wheresoever it is it pours forth black blood for the most part also it affects the stomach causeth thirst and paine to the throat the matter somtimes is voided by the urine carried through the caeliacal artery to the trunk of the great artery and hence to the emulgents 'T is cured also with vulnerary potions Chap. 2. Of the Symptomes of the spleen Article I. Of the paine of the spleen and black Jaundice The Symptomes of the spleen are a pain of the Spleen The black Jaundice the hypochondriacal affection and the scurvy I. The pain of the Spleen ariseth from the solution of its continuity and distension of its membrane This is caused both from things external as blows fals c. and internal viz. âââammation inflation tumors ulcers c. But it must diligently be distinguished both from those pains which are felt in the left side especially after meat or riding which proceed either from wind or from serous humors which flowing into the spaces of the peritoneum that sticks close to the coates in that place do distend them from the muscles and from the paine of the muscles which is felt if they be prest a little The Cure requires no narcoticks for when as it is cloathed only with a thin coate the paine is not exquisite II The black Jaundice is a change of the skin of the whol body into black 'T is known by the color it self It ariseth from the same causes as the yellow Jaundice doth except that there the liver here the spleen is in fault But t is harder to cure because if it be by default of the bladder of gal there is a greater corruption of choler if by default of the spleen the humor is more stubborn and there is a fear of a dropsy Medicines of steele are commodious in it and also a dry bath after which the body must be clensed with an emulsion of hemp seed the face with beane flower water mixt with wine Article 2. Of the Hypochondriacal affection The Hypochondriacal affection is a filth of vitious humors collected in the branches of the vena porta caeliacal Mesenterical arteries by reason of the hurt of the spleens concoction without putrefaction and by sending forth of vapors causing many Symptoms 'T is called Hypochondriacal by reason of the place of both Hypochondries by which is understood that part of the body which under the bastard ribbs reaches as far as the loyns on both sides and comprehends with the muscles the bowells themselves 'T is called also the windy passion by Diocles and Aetius for the familiarity of winds conteined in the left hypochondry and it obtains the name of Melancholly when as the brain is affected by consent As was said before The Signs are fetcht from the symptoms of the natural vital and animal faculties there is 1. A crudity of the Stomach by reason that it is ill nourisht by the vena porta from the Spleen which is followed with a continual spitting Flegme filling the mouth with moisture vomiting up of the thicker parts of the humor either generated in the stomach or sent from the spleen and somtimes so sowr that the teeth are on edg there goes before it an ebullition of the same in the stomach wind distending the neighbouring parts that somtimes the patient falls into swouning fitts a discussion of the thinner parts of the humor by insensible perspiration somtimes with a Feaverish shaking which a certaine heat Follows presently vanishing in sweat 2. Pains in the stomach which reach even to the back returne upon taking of meat when 't is concocted or cast forth they cease they draw the kidneys into consent by communion of membranes 3. Costiveness of body both by reason of the dryness of the vessels in both sides and because the meat is changed into a flegmatick viscous humor and so 't is not moved forward by the gutts and pertinaciously adhering to them is the cause of astringency 4. An inflammatory heat as it were of the Hypochondry which by motion meat drink hot things grows more fierce which is attended somtimes with a redness of the cheeks and whole face by reason of vapors ascending a diary Feaver vanishing in sweat by reason of the dispersing of them through the whol body by large drinking 5. A Vrine sometimes thin by reason of the passages obstructed and the retention of wind from whence the fit begins sometimes troubled and thick by the admistion of humors with a sediment somtimes of red sand in which the tartarous parts of the blood are coagulated 6. A Flatulency and waving especially in the left hypochondry the wind being imprisoned in the cavity under the midriffe arising from the connexion of the stomach caule cholick gut and bowels 7. Anxiety both because the meat half concocted is resolved into wind and causeth a straitness and because being carried to the neghbouring vessels affected with a hot distemper it boyls as it were with that Fiery heat and distends the hypochondries and so causeth a straitness in those parts which have nerves from the sixth conjugation 8. A Palpitation of the heart either by consent of the stomach or by the contention of the part it self against the malignity of the vapors which is more frequent with some at the increase of the Moon by reason of
see in distempers if it be hot whey is good with the juice of lemmons or of sweet smelling apples newly exprest Another from the womb whose vitious blood doth easily regurgitate either from the veins into the arteries by reason of their anastomosis or out of the arteries into the hypogastrick which gives branches to the stomach pancreas caule smal guts c. and by and by into the coeliacal It is known by those accidents which are wonte to befal those troubled with the mother In the cure we must have regard to the affects of the wombe Another is hemorrhoidal happening from the suppression of the hemrods of which in its place See Matthaeus Martinus concerning the abstruser diseases of the mesentery who handles these things very accurately Article III. Of the Scurvy The scurvy is a cachexy arising from a melancholly humor corrupted in a peculiar manner afflicting with a weakness of the thighes spots swelling of the gums and bleeding of them loosness of the teeth and other Symptomes The Scurvy was known to the ancients partly under the name of Oscedo partly of Scelotyrbe and Stomacace partly of Volvulus Sanguineus and is familiar to people inhabiting the Sea and moarish places The SIGNS are put in the definition and we shal treat of them hereafter To these ad the Vrine and pulse too much variable that for at the beginning t is thin and yellowish the tartarous matter subsisting in it by and by thick and white the humors being more corrupted t is red and by the admistion of an adust saltness shining like a lye and anon without any marke of putrefaction and thirst red sands oftentimes stick to the chamberpot Somtimes t is thick and continues so somtimes growes cleare and casts to the bottome a red sediment which resembles flower of Bricks somtimes many crude and flegmattick excrements stick above the sediment as the suspensum but in those whome the suppression of the hemrods hath occasioned this evil in them it comes forth by drops with paine and heat and conteins a tartarous matter Mucous Salt and blackish This because the pulse somtimes is weak unequal and often vermicular but fainting fits approaching by Reason of its high necessity and because the Heart endeavours to expel the Vapors 't is stronger The CAUSE is a Melancholy Humor and that 1. Crude as both the Diet and the Symptomes shew which do afflict Melancholy people 2. Serous and Ichorous that 't is like a Lie which consists of water and Salt Feculent and adust Parts which is discovered by the wandering pains and Ulcers 3. The associate of Flegmatick somtimes and vitious Humors for a Vein being opened the blood in Scorbutick people is covered over with a white Glew waxing Green or Yellow 4. After a peculiar manner corrupted after it hath remained there a long time hence many labor of an obstruction of the Spleen and Melancholly Humors who are not affected with the scurvy and in those Regions where the collection of a black Humor from the heat of the Air is Familiar the Scurvy is unknown 5. Contagious which you shal not find in other Melancholy Diseases 6. Produced from meats destitute of volatil Salt and therefore hindering spirituality in the Concoction from whence things Tartarous and Feculent stop in the first passages and afterwards flow to the Spleen in such plenty that they cannot be separated Certainly meats hardned with Smoak and Salt in which there is either little of volatil Salt or what there was is wasted by Smoaking so that nothing but the fixt Salt and Tartarous remains a thick Air and maritine places do conduce to its generation The medicines which are given bruised and tasted send forth a sharp vapor subtile and quickly vanishing which proceeds from volatil Salt the same dryed or boyled work less fresh and condite do worke more exactly 7. Primarily residing in the Mesentery Caule first Passages and the middle places between the stomach Liver and Spleen and bordering on both Bowels Secundarily in the Veins of the whol body That for if the Chyle be less purefied by its spirituality either by reason of the weakness of parts or external error it stops in them by reason of its thickness by the arrival of more 't is increased and infects the same with its feculency and saltness which it hath conceived it weakens and pollutes the neighbouring Liver and the parts dedicated to concoction both by contract and sending forth of Fumes from whence that quality is participated of by the same meats and Chyle This for that filth detained there for some time by help of the serous Humor is carried to the Liver from thence by the Veins and Arteries is distributed into the whol habit of the Body the future Cause of so many Symptomes The CURE respects three things 1. The Diet which ought to be incisive attenuating abstersive opening obstructions where note the eating of wild Pidgeons is commended that this Disease in some places is Cured by the exercise of Venery perhaps by reason of the exsplendency of natural heat Things Sugard and Milks must be avoided 2. Chirurgery by Vertue of which the basilick Vein the median Salvatella or of the Ankles must be opened but so that we forbear if the spots have already appeared if there be no Hopes of the Hemrrhoids and a Feaver affect let it be done Let the Evacuation be sparingly least the strength be dejected 3. Physick by Vertue of which 1. The matter offending must be prepared the first passages being washt so that we begin with the gentler that we act with things more attenuating if the Disease be now grown strong or the men live in a thick Air That those things be given which work by their whol propriety and be administred rather in juyces essences conserves than in Decoctions and extracts in which the volatil Salt of medicines doth vanish Things appropriate are English Scurvy-Grass which is most commended or Brooklime which hath somthing of moisture in it Horse-Radish the lesser Celandine Pennywort Mustard water Trefoil c. Of Compounds are the Danick electuary made of the berries which they calmultiber Forestus his Sceletyrbick Syrup and Mynsichtus his Antiscorbutical Syrup The essence of germander and Fumitory The Spirit and conserve of Scurvy-grass Mynsichtus his Tinctura Martis strengthned with appropriate things c. 2. It must be emptyed either by the lower Parts where take place Quarcetans Tartarous Pills or by sweats to discusse the remainder which either in a Laconick Bath or otherwise are wel raised by Mynsichtus his Theriaca Saxonica the essence of Fumitory with Salt of Wormwood or by Diureticks given with appropriate Waters 3. The Parts as the Liver Stomach c. Must be strengthened The Symptomes which afflict the scorbutical are various which affect for the most part by periods are not al found in al people some are more familiar others less but they are as follows I. Difficulty of breathing and a staitness of the breast by
water is made it doth sinke and is hardly bruised with the fingers Or doth arise from the adustion of humors in the veines and liver that which is voided in the declination of feavers both acute and chronical 'T is known from hence that it doth not subside but is mixt with the substance of the urine cleaves to the chamber pot like pouder and is easily bruised with the fingers Article II. Of an inflamation of the Kidneys An inflamation of the kidneyes on nephritis is a swelling of them from blood poured forth into their substance and there putrefying joyned with a vehement paine fibrous or gravelly excretions The Signs are a heavy and extensive paine about the loins to the first vertebrae which differs from the collick in these because it doth not wander into the middle of the belly or about it with a murmur doth not alwaies grow gentler the belly being purged by its cruelty and feârceness it puls the peritonaeum t is very thick and frequent There is a continent inordinate feaver which somtimes increaseth somtimes abateth and about night is exasperated a subvertion of the bowels and stomach A casting up by vomite first of al of flâgmatick things afterwards of colerick a scarceness thinness waterishness of the urine when the evil begins somtimes a suppression by and by that plenty and thickness with a compulsion to piss from a certain sence of heat A stupidity and numness of the next thigh by reason of the compression of the nerve A difficult raising of the body lying down upon the sick side mirigates the paine upon the contrary exasperates it The Cause is blood either pure or mixt either heaped up in the kidnies by way of collection or thrust thither by way of fluxion either from the whole body or from a part as is often said elswhere The firmness and hardness of the kidneys seldom give occasion for a fluxion oftentimes diuretick medicines doe which carry the blood to the kidneys The CURE is easier if the hemrods come upon it if the impostume being broke a white smooth equal matter not stinking be voided through the passages of the urine if it tend to resolution Very difficult if the Impostum being broke after suppuration the matter take its way through the emulgents to the liver and guts If it tend to induration Past hopes almost if there flowe a white thin or purulent water without the remission of the feaver and symptoms and with a wasting on the legs and thighs 'T is ordered as in other inflamations yet we must observe 1. That things moderately cooling and astringent be used with things anodyne for repulsion outwardly indeed least the humors subsisting about the external and fieshy parts be struck inward into the kidneys but inwardly least when they begin their astriction about the belly or liver and veins they should either cast down the blood to the kidnies or by straightening the narrow passages cause an ischury 2. We must abstaine from purgers because they inflame and trouble the humors yet gentle and benigne must be given if choler stick in the mesaraicks and stomach least it be carried thither 3. Diureticks must not be drank unless when the inflamation is perfectly alaied Here takes place tartar vetriolate half a scruple with the Julep of roses and cinnamon water two drams and other things The Differences are taken from the part affected I. One is in the Right kidney in which the loins on the right side are payned the paine ascends more to the liver the right thigh is benummed Another in the left in which the paine descends to the bladder Another in both in which the symptoms oppress in both sides II. One is in the fleshy part of the kidney in which a greater heaviness affects Another in the parts in which the arteries are terminated in which a beating paine urgeth Article III. Of the Stone of the Kidnies The stone of the Kidnies is a solid and stony substance mucilaginous sâimy carterous endued with a stone making faculty arising in the kidnies by the help of heat The Signs are principally five 1. A Pain which affects in the loyns causeth a sence of heaviness by reason of the substance of the kidnies void of sense in its descent into the ureters 't is increased by reason they which consist of a crosse and thick membrane are distracted especially if the stone be great craggy and rough 'T is distinguisht from the chollick because 't is neither so grievous nor so large because 't is fixt and is circumscribed with the region of the kidnies and if it fal into the bladder it follows the course of the ureters and affects not with winde 2. Bloody urine by reason of the wounding of the parts through which it passes which at first is little and waterish by and by supprest the stones being removed out of the kidneys t is turbulent and having a sandy sediment 3. A Numness of the thighs which hapens not in the paine of the chollick because the muscle on which the kidney lyes and which is appointed for bending of the thigh and is inserted into the inner part of the thigh is comprest 4. A retraction of the testicle of that side by reason of the retraction of the neighbouring vessels which lead to the stones and are inserted in them 5. A âauseousness and vomiting for the kidnies are knit to the stomach by the mediation of the peritoneum whose membran each bowel participates and two nerves of the sixth conjugation issuing from the stomach are implanted into the internal coate of the kidneys The voiding of gravel is a signe of the stone in making The Cause is not flegme for many are troubled with that who have no commerce with the stone-growing juice hence chose that have the stone oftentimes make water which is like mucous matter and presently concretes into a stone But this proceeds from the faeculency of the nourishment which if it be retained glues it self to this or that part by the new arrival of matter is dayly increased being increased by degrees it is dryed and where it finds a viscous thick earthy matter it coagulates it and afterwards the internal spirit of the microcosmical salt comming the which by reason of its natural viscousness or clamminess that Tartar easily receives and hides within it self at last 't is Coagulated into a perfect Stone The CURE is Difficult if bubbles for some daies are perceived to continue in the Urin because they shew a great quantity of Tartar ous and mucilaginous Humors together with wind doth abound in the Kidneys If from Urin remaine subtile and last so for some time because it argues a great obstruction If the it an Ulcer of the Kidneys ensue If the Patient be of Nephritical parents It respect I. Prevention that either it be not generated or do not âncreafe and then 1. There must be care had of the Diet in which meat and drink making for the stone must be eschewed the
of Saturn excel But a Vein must be opened also and the Patient Purged 2. In its Acrimony contracted from hot meats Medicines and sharp things which must be opposed 3. In its Commotion whiles seeking a Passage it causeth an itching II. A Priapisme is an erection of the Yard without any desire of Venery arising from a windy Spirit filling up the hollow Nerve of the part That Vaporous spirits ariseth either in the Nerve it self from a cold distemper or in the Yard and Vessels from a thick and crude Humor by an unproportionate heat and here the distilled Oyl of Rue takes place For the most part 't is by Reason of the mouths of the Arteries are too open and dilated pouring forth plenty of Spirits because perhaps the Loyns and Kidneys being heated they grow hot and are filled with much spirits which happens to those that abound with much blood In the Cure universals premised Water Lillies the Seed of the Chaiste Tree and other coolers ought to be applied A Satyriasis is a Palpitation of the Yard following an inflamatory disposition of the spermatick Vessels with a distension It happens rather to young men than to other Ages the Cure must be hastened least they fal into a resoultion or Convulsion of the Seminary Vessels We must have a Care of Purges in it unless Perhaps we can make an aversion by Vomits and from things that move Urin. Article III. Of a running of the Reins A Gonorrhea is a too great and involuntary shedding of the Seed arising from its own fault and the fault of the Spermatick parts The SIGNS are evident the seed is shed a gainst their wils without lust and dreams of lust without any stifness of the Yard with no sense of delight or very little from whence is caused a slenderness of the whol Body about the Loyns especially with a paleness and hollowness of the Eyes The CAUSE and CURE shal be explained in the Differences The Flux is stopt by the magistral of the bone of the fish Sepia given from six grains to half a scruple with old conserve of Roses By fixt Antimony with Plantan Water The Difference is taken from the Causes One is by default of the Spermatick Parts 1. Of a cold and moist distemper which either ariseth from external Causes endewed with such a vertue and weakens their retentive faculty as too much Venery or from an afflux of Humors in which Case emptying and binding with heaters mixt takes place It is the easier Cured so it be new the pouder of Turpentine given with milk for fifteen daies does good 2. by default of their Laxness when their Bladders conteining the seed and the Vessels that carry it are too much enlarged and Relaxt Another is by the fault of the Seed it self which is 1. Plentiful by forbearing from Venery and by using meats that nourish wel and then bleeding Fasting exercises do good 2. Sharp and hot stimulating the expulsive faculty which proceeds from the like blood by reason of the heat of the liver and Kidneys and then a priapism for the most part is joyned with it external Causes went before The Cure must be ordered by emptying of Choler by anointing the back bone and Loyns with cooling Oyntments 3. Crude watrish and thin and that either by reason of the coldness of the stones or of things taken or the like distemper of the Liver and then the Seed comes froth even at the touch of a Woman there are present the signs of crudity In the Cure we must act with driers and strengthners The essence of Turpentine is commended given one dram weight in Syrup of Agrimony Or by reason of the abundance of Vitious Humors in the body which are sent to the spermatick Vessels and then we must act with emptiers and good Diet. 4. Virulent and Malignant as is concracted in the French Pox which is known from hence that at first a white Poyson or somwhat Yellowish fals from the spermatick Vessels insensibly as wel when they wake as sleep which in time putrefies and gets an Acrimony eats and exulcerates the Passage of the Yard from whence ariseth a pain which also when 't is stiff does stretch a string as it were under the Yard and in pissing does goad sharper as it were in a dysury that is somtimes hollowed so deep that it breaks outwardly at the upper Skin of the Yard It ariseth from a weakness of the Spermatick Vessels and stones contracted by that poysonous Evil which causeth that whatsoever is collected in these Vessels turns to a filthy Poyson which by contagion Pollutes any other body As concerning the Cure 't is difficult in old Men in al if it be stopt without reason For there is collected for the most part an impostumation within somtimes about the stones in the Epididymis somtimes in the Perinaeum which the Skin breaking pours forth the matter We must abstain from things astringent least it being retained doth corrode the Parts Dryers and things that resist Putrefaction as are Sorrel Treacle Mithridate and those things which are dedicated to the French Pox do good Titile XI Of the Diseases of the genital parts in Women Chap. 1. Of the Diseases of the Neck of the womb Article 1. Of a Tentigo and Cauda THe Diseases of the Womb are either of the Privities or Neck of the Womb or of the womb it self To those belong Tentigo Cauda Straitness pustles condylomato Hemorrboids and Vlcers I. A Tentigo or great bit and the womans Prick is the growing of the Clitoris into too great a bulk The Subject is the Clitoris or that Nervous flesh hard which in the Neck of the Womb the Joynt wings of the Privities do embrace and at the Top of which that is the which swels in desires of Venery This manifest affect needs no SIGNS somtimes the bulk is so great that it hangs forth through the cleft of the Privity as thick as a goose Neck and resembles a mans Yard they have too great desire of Copulation The CAUSE is too great an Afflux either of an Humor or nourishment by reason of its Laxness which is induced by often touching and 't is wont to cause lust at the least rubbing of the Cloathes The CURE respects 1. The abatement of blood and the bringing forth of other Humors for which ends serve a most slender and cooling Diet and discussives especially the leaves of the lentisk and Olive 2. The taking away of the same Excrescency where first must be applyed the gentler causticks As Alum Vnguentum Aegyptiacum the lie of which Soap is wont to be made boyled with Roman Vitriol adding towards the end a little Opium and make Trochiskes of them with which pouder the flesh must be strowed over at last the flesh must be cut off either by Ligature or Section having a care of an Inflamation II. A Cauda is a certain fleshy substance arising from the Mouth of the Womb which fils up the womens Privity and somtimes
hangs forth like a Taile The SIGNS and CAUSES are the same as in a Tentigo only that Women fear Copulation The CURE is also the same if it must be cut off it must be done either with a Horse Hair or a silken thred dipt in sublimate water or by Iron Article II. Of the straitness of the Neck of the womb The straitness of the Neck of the womb is either a stopping of the same or of the Orifice of the womb either by compression or a growing together The SIGNS are the Flux of the Courses denied in them in whom they were wont to flow through the Neck a sense of pain with a weight The CAUSE is either natural when it affects from the birth or accidental of which in the Differences The CURE varies according to the Nature of the Differences The Differences are taken from the Part and the Causes I. One is of the outward Orifice which is called of the Pudendum in which the Courses which flow both by the neck and by the womb are disappointed there can be neither Copulation nor Conception because neither the seed nor the man is received Another of the inward which is called the Orifice of the Womb in which the seed received presently flows forth again conception can in on wise be II. One is by way of Compression which is Caused 1. By a Fat Caule lying on the mouth of the womb 2. By a stradling of the Thighs 3. By a stone in the bladder 4. By a Tumor in the right Gut of which in their place Another is by way of growing which is caused 1. Either from the birth and then either flesh stops it which is red to sight soft to touch or a Membrane which is white to sight hard to the touch In the Cure 1. The Part being moistned with warm Fomentations it must be cut streight up taking Care that the Neck of the Bladder be not hurt 2. The humor must be drawn forth and a tenâmust be applyed dipt in a suppurating Medicine 3. And astringent pouder must be had in readiness for fear of a Flux of blood 4. The following daies the place must be washt with honey water and we must act with things that Cicatrize 2. Or after the birth cheifly from an Vlcer and then either the sides of the Neck are grown together in which case we must use incision but very warily or there is a Callous substance which first must be cut off with a Pen Knife or a Spongy and Luxuriant flesh in which first of al we must use dryers and discussives as brithwort Frankincense Myrrh Mastick afterwards we must apply corrosives without pain at last we must cut it Article III. Of the pustles Condylomata and Hemorrhoids of the womb Pustles of the womb are little bunchings arising in the neck of the womb which by their Acrimony do Cause itching and pain The SIGNS are Itching Pain a folling down of Scales like flower to which we must add a Speculum Matricis that the affect may be the better discovered The Cause is cholerick sharp adust and thick humors which emptied into moist and loose places do insinuate and immerse themselves in them The CURE respects the causes universals being premised where amongst preparatives prevaile syrup of Fumitory of succory with the decoction of hops topicks discussing and mitigating the humor especially baths and halfe baths which must be followed with washing the part with wine and niter But these must be often repeated They are divided into benigne and malligne or venereal which are stuborn and contagious they ought to be washt with the water made of aloes the quantity of one vetch flower of brass the quantity of half a vetch flower of brass the quantity of half a vetch pouder'd and mixt with white wine one ounce plantane water and of rose heads each one ounce and kept in a wide mouthed glass II. Condylomata are swellings of wrinkles in the necke of the womb with heate and paine There is no need of Signes because they appeare to the eyes oftentimes if there be many they resemble a smal bunch of grapes The wrinkles hang forth like knobbs which appear in the fist clutched But they swel more when the courses flow The CAUSE is Thick and Adust humors The Cure in general respects the taking away of the causes and repercussion and drying As concerning the Differences Some are with an inflamation in which the pain and heat is greater the condylona is hard In the Cure we must act with anodyne half baths and perfusions Others without an inflamation which if they be new we must repel and dry if cold and inveterate we must first mollefie then disgest and dry Here take place the pouder of egg-shels burnt the oyntment of trochisks of steele one dram redeuced into pouder and mixt with oyl of roses and wax adding halfe an ounce of the juice of mulein The oyntment of the mad apple concerning which see a Castro l. 2. c. 25. de Morb. Mulier If the condiloma yeild not to these medecines it must be cut off by an instrument and astringent pouder strewed on III. The hemrods of the wombe are smal swellings like unto the hemrods of the anus raised in the necke of the wombe by an afflux of Feculent Blood The Subject is the neck of the womb for there they are where the veins doe end as in the hemrods of the anus and these are lift up by an afflux The Signs are manifest for they are discovered by the sight if a speculum matricis be applied the women looke pale and are troubled with a weariness The Cause is Feculent blood which when sometimes it flows to these veins not at its due time there stopping it becomes thicker that it cannot penetrate the orifices The Cure is order'd 1. By revulsion by opening a vein in the arme 2. By derivation by opening another in the ankle They are divided twofould I. Some are painful which by the paine it selfe are distinguisht from the courses and are cured by things that mitigate the same especially half baths and the Cataplasme of a Castro l. 2. c. 26. de Morb. Mulier And also with opium which notwithstanding is safer in the hemrods of the anus Other without pains to which what is and shal be said ought to be applied II. Some are open which flow either moderately and then the business ought to be comitted to nature Or too much so that the strength is dejected and there is feare least an evil habit of body be induced and then for revulsion blood must be taken from a vein of the arme at several times For purging myrobalanes tamarinds and rhubarb serve At last we must act with things that stop blood Others are blind from which no blood at al flowes forth The Cure is perfected by emptying of blood by emollition and fomentation of the part with mollefiers and things opening the mouthes of the veins and discussing the matter By artificially opening
the same concerning which things see the chapter of the hemrods of the anus Article IV. Of the ulcers of the neck of the wombe There is no need to define what the ulcers of the neck of the womb are Their Signs are a pain and perpetual biting in the same place which by little is increased especially if any thing abstersive be cast in a flowing forth of sanious humors and matter by intervals somtimes with blood if the ulcer be great or the courses flow A pissing often and hot if the otifice of the bladder be drawn into consent a paine in the forepart of the head extending it selfe to the roots of the eyes if the head A smal seaver which in process of time growes slowe with often horrors c. The CAUSES are al external and internal things which by their acrimony can dissolve the continuity in that part of which in the differences The CURE is difficult because it is in a place of exquisite sence moist and which hath a consent with many parts 'T is Ordered the same manner was spoke in general in the first book To inhibit the paine Steeled milk cast in doth good For drying baths The Differences are various I. Some are from external causes as medicines hard labor violent copulation And others from internal as are the secundine corrupted the flux of blood retained the flux of the womb a virulent gonorrhaea the french pox Inflamation Humors flowing thither either from the whole or a part or generated there al which must be attended in the cure II. Some are superficial from which little matter flows and medicins may be layed upon them Others profound which are in a contrary way and the medicines ought to be injected III. Some are Milde with little matter thick not stinking in which both the gentler abstersives as honey of roses with barly water whey with sugar or the decoction of lentils and the more benigne astringents take place Others sordid with plenty of matter and flowing forth with paine in which we must act with stronger things The mundifyer of smallage in Castro l. 2. c. 29. is here commended Others are eating with a colored matter green livid stinking flowing forth with paine in which aloes and wormwood amongst mundifers are the cheife IV. Some are called Phagades which are smal and longe ulcers eating the skin of the necke of the womb They are known both by the paine and blood caused in copulation and by sight if the neck be looked into and they are like unto them which in winter time are wont to rise in our hands They arise many waies 1. Externally from a painful labour violent copulation and then we must use an astringent glyster 2. Internally from an inflamation condylomata an afflux of sharpe humors which must first be taken away by purgers before we come to topick medicines There is commended for them the fatt which distils from wooden spoones used to boyl in kitchins if they be a little moved to the fire and burnt and also the oyntment pomada Others which leave behinde them a Fystula which is voide of paine unless it come to a nervous part sometimes it passes to the bladder and right gut and the excrements are cast forth through it If it be ancient it ought to be left to a palliative cure in which at fit seasons the body is purged but the callus which is alwaies joyn'd with it if that be curable after drying of the part being molefied by vulnerary potions must be wasted either by cutting or burning Of a cancer and gangrene I meet with nothing singular That is generated by menstruous blood adust and when scirrous tumors continue long This in this place ariseth from an inflamation cancer and ulcers there il cured For while these parts are moist and abound with excrements they are easily corupted and perish Chap. 2. Of the diseases of the womb Article 1. Of the distemper of the womb The diseases of the womb are distemper straitness of the vessels inflation inflamatition a scirrhus dropsy falling down of the womb wounds and ulcers The distemper of the womb is a swarving of the same from its natural temper to a preternatural distemper arising from external and internal causes 'T is divided twofold I. One is hot which is known by a proness to venery by the scarceness yellowness blackness adustion acrimony of the courses and by their difficult and inordinate flux whence in process of yeares they become hypochondriacal by the early growing of hair in the privities redness of the face and dryness of lips often pains of the head and abundance of cholerick humors in the body It ariseth either from the birth from whence are viragos and barrenness or after the birth from external causes amongst which are the use of hot thing too much venery medicines which do move the heat and blood to the womb 'T is cured 1. By the contrary diet 2. By cooling medicines both internal and external which are applyed to the loins and back but they must be moderate least the heat necessary for conception be weakned the cold substance of the womb because it is membranous be violated the vessels which ought to be open for flux of the courses be condensed and the nerves which are in the loins and back be hurt 3. By emptiers viz. Rhubarb syrup of roses solutive manna c. The flowers of Vitriol of Venus Mars from three grains to six grains given in some syrup is an appropriate purger for the womb Another is cold more frequent than the hot which is known from a less desire to venery and the little pleasure in it by the stopping mucosity flegmatickness of the courses and their inordinate flux by reason of the plenty of the like humors collected in the womb from whence is obstruction by the plenty of wind in the womb by the crudity and watrishness of the seed from whence it flows without any pleasure by the pale color of the face and other things opposite to the former It ariseth also from causes contrary to them 'T is cured 1. By a contrary dyet 2. By hot medicines applyed to the womb amongst which do excel inwardly the Roots of Birthwort avens angelica eringoes the Leaves of Mercury balme dittander of Candy pennyroyal Sage Rosemary mugwort The Flowers of wal Flower Marigold Sage Rosemary burrage Spices Nutmeggs Cubebs Saffron Cinnamon Of Compounds Oyl of Mace Amber Myrrh Cinnamon Fecula bryone Aqua vitae Mulierum The extract of Zedoary Outwardly the same things reduced into their formes Another is moist which for the most part is joined with a cold It is known by the plenty thinness and watrishness of the courses the moisture of the privities by reason of the humidity of the excrements and the passion of the Flux of the womb even when the seed is voided no delight in venery and an aptness to miscarry when the young one grows bigg It ariseth from the same causes as yet which
may be distended though it be thick as in conception and be retained there as in a mola and because the altering and retentive faculties being never idle do change the diseased seed into wind Another when 't is in the coats of the same and then the mouth of the womb may be open by reason that the winde is concluded in a narrow place the sound goes forth and the pains are greater and extended further the evil is more difficult to cure than that in the cavity Article IV. Of an inflamation of the womb An inflamation of the womb is a tumor of the same from the putrefaction of blood fallen into its substance troublesom with many symptomes and somtimes turning to a scirrbus somtimes to an impostumation The signs are various the tumor it self appears in the region of the womb with a heat and pain a shutting up of the womb drawing of it towards the inward parts but the whol neck of it appeares ruddy little veins swelling every where with blood like to a spiders webb There is a difficulty of breathing which shew a pleuresy because the outward coat of the womb being extended which ariseth from the peritoneum and is fastened to it those parts also to which it coheres are distended The excrements of the belly and bladder by reason of the heat and dryness of the belly and compression of the passages are detained The bulk of the belly somtimes appeares empty and the belly is filled with water and the navil strutts forth and the mouth is slender and of a suddain a few and evil courses follow A continual and burning Feaver afflicts by reason of the consent of the womb with the heart by arteries and great vessels somtimes a lypirias by the motion of the humors towards the inward parts There is a pain of the breasts with an inflation of them by reason of the consent of the groins the hipps the midrife the cannel bones the forepart of the head which is extended to the roots of the eyes and it ariseth from vapors of blood putrefying carried up to the head by the arteries which run through the neck from both parts of that called the infundibulum into the fore part of the head The cause is blood which somtimes is pure somtimes mixt with choler somtimes dyed with black choler It slides thither or slides forth for common causes viz. the detaining of it in the time of the courses or after a delivery by the occursion of the cold air 'T is attracted by heat or pain which is caused either by abortion hard labor violent drawing forth of the secundine long walking when the courses are at hand or by a troublesom carrying if the young one be either great or ill placed The cure is difficult especially if the whol womb be possest or suppurated for a sordid ulcer arising from thence doth at length kil the patient with a slow Feaver None at al if there be an erysipelas because the young one it self dies by reason of the exceeding heat whence follows abortion which kils the mother If it turne to a deadly gangreen 'T is cured as in other inflamations where note that for revulsion we must not open a veine in the leggs when as these veins draw the blood to the womb but in the arme when as the blood flows from the liver and the veins adjacent to it For derivation a veine in the ham may be opened unless the patient be great with child least abortion be caused Topicks ought to be applyed cooling and moistning without any astriction 'T is thought that the decoction of mother of time prepared with steeled water and outwardly applyed with sponges doth stop it by a certain propriety The Differences are taken from the part it self I. One is of the whol womb in which the symptomes afore mentiond do evidently afflict and few indeed do scape Another is of the other side in which the heat passes to the hipp by reason of the ligaments of the womb which are carried thither the legg of the same side is hardly moved the groins of that place are inflamed II. One is of the hinder part in which the belly is bound the paine doth more afflict the loins and backbone Another of the fore part in which because it coheres to the bladder the urine is stoppt or made with difficulty the pain goes more towards the pubes Another of its bottom in which the lower part of the belly is so pained that it cannot endure to be touched and the pain is extended more to the navel III. There is one which turns to a scirrhus in which al things become milder a weight and heaviness is felt in the neighboring parts the evil is of long continuance and is often terminated in a dropsy of the womb Another to an imposthumation in which al things are increased til suppuration is made horrors without order invade them for the most part about the evening the impostumation being broke but it breaks either into the cavity of the womb which is safer or 't is poured Forth into other parts somtimes the urine somtimes the belly is stopt with a swelling of the pubes and the sense of somthing waving Article 5. Of a scirrhus of the womb Ascirrhus of the womb is a hard swelling of the same and resisting without pain produced from a thick earthy and faeculent humor The SIGNS are besides other general ones to wit the Courses at the beginning are supprest or flow too little the evil increasing there is a great flux of blood by intervals either the Mouths of the Veins being opened more than is fit or the Womb not being able either to receive or retain the accustomary quantity of blood 'T is distinguisht from a Mola because in this if the Courses flow they flow disorderly and the Breasts also swel with Milk which in a Scirrus are extenuated c. The CAUSE is an earthy and feculent humor to wit a thick blood somtimes flegmatick somtimes Melancholical which happens in the declining Age and troubles them which have been sick of a Pica Malacia or bulimus oftentimes from an inflamation ill cured by reason of the too much use either of coolers or discussives The CURE is difficult both because things dryed a long time cannot be mollefied and because the Native heat is exhausted in parts affected with a Scirrus and because while the Humor is mollefied it may easily turn to a Cancer by taking putrefaction The proceedings of the cure differs not from others 'T is divided in respect to the part affected One is in the substance it self in which the Womb lies upon the Hip and Back and there Causeth a pain Another in the Neck which is discovered by the touch of the finger 't is easier cured than the former If it be in the upper part of the Neck the Woman is hurt in Copulation and the bladder is prest by the Tumor if it be in the lower part the
right Gut is offended Article VI. Of a Dropsie of the Womb. A Dropsie of the Womb is an impotency of the same from water collected in it either by its own fault or the fault of other Parts The SIGNS are a loose swelling of the lower part of the belly extended according to the figure of the Womb a scarceness and evilness of the Courses because they are like to the washings of flesh their failing before the time the thinness and moisture of the mouth of the Womb softness of the Breasts and want of milk a rigour and oftentimes a Faver 'T is distinguisht from an Inflamation by want of a Feaver and by its softness by other Symptomes of which formerly From an inflation by defect of distension and noise From a Mola because in this a greater weight is felt in the bottom of the belly the breasts at the time of the birth approaching do swel From a Conception because in a Dropsie the Tumor of the Womb is extended according to the largeness of the womb and belly inconception 't is pointed In women with Child the Courses do not flow here a certain bloody Humor evil flows forth observing no order and is quickly stopt From a Dropsie of the Belly by the Patients color in the Face unless the Liver be affected by want of thirst by the ascent of the Tumor from the lower part to the upper The CAUSE is the water there either by the fault of the Spleen or Liver of which consult with their proper Chapters or by the weakness of the Womb it self by reason of which it doth neither concoct wel nor wel expel its Excrements the which is either from often abortions and hard labour Or from too great a Flux of the Courses dissipating its heat Or from the suppression of them choaking up the same heat The CURE requires the bringing forth of the water and strengthing of the Womb having respect to the Causes Hartman commends Antimonial Pills The Difference is taken from the Part. One is when the water is collected in its Cavity in which the Orifice of the womb if it be touched is found shut up the Tumor is great and a certain waving is perceived if it follow conception that yellowish and stinking water within two months for the most part kils the Young one which is then cast forth with it Another is when the water resides in its substance and little bladders growing to it in which its Orifice being handled it appears contracted Greater pains arise the Cure becomes more difficult Article VII Of the falling down of the womb The falling down of the womb is a hanging forth of the same out of the belly proceeding from a solution of the unity of its ligaments The general Signs are a pain of the Loyns of the lower part of the belly of the Privities of the Os Sacrum to which the Womb is fastened and this at the beginning In process of time the pain is mitigated it being accustomary and there is a troublesome sence only of a weight and a hindrance in walking The special Signs vary according to the nature of a greater or lesser falling down In that the Womb descends to the middle of the Hips and Knees presents a Tumor like a Goose Egg in whose lower part there appears a hollowness in this a Tumor is perceived as it were of a skin retcht and as it were a weight of a great Egg about the Privities The CAUSE is whatsoever can dissolve the unity of the ligaments see in that which follows The CURE is difficult if it be great if it afflict those of ful Age if a Feaver convulsion or other Symptomes happen Nay if it be 't is deadly in those that lie in and somtimes by the alteration of the ambient Air or violent repelling of it 't is corrupted and taken with a gangreen It consists 1. In replacing of the Womb it self where note first of al the Inflamation must be stopt if there be any If a Tumor imprest by the cold Air on the Womb do urge the part must first be fomented with a Decoction of Mallows Marsh-mallows chamemel flowers Bay berries c. If there be wind or Excrements in the Guts we must premise a Clyster Before it is replaced it must be fomented sprinkled anoynted with things Agglutinative and astringent A suffumigation of the Skin of a Salt Eele dryed in the Smoak and poudered is commended Seek for an astringent bath out of Guilielmus Rondeletius his Cures The manner of putting it up see in Authors 2. In retaining of it and then the Woman must be placed in her bed bending downward with her Thighes extended so that one lie upon the other the belly must be kept neither slow to stool least in casting forth the ordure the Womb be forced down nor loose least the Membranes binding the Womb be relaxt Agglutinative and astringent Medicines must be applyed To this end serve Pessaries Fomentations injections by a Syringe and other things But have a care you stop not the Courses with them The Differences are taken from the Causes I. One is by reason of the Laxness of the ligaments of which it hath four which is known by this that 't is generated by degrees and afflicts with less pain It ariseth either from hard labor burthensome carrying of the young or from the afflux of a Flegmatick matter 'T is Cured by emptying of the Humors by the use of things astringent strengthning as are the Decoction of Oake moss Harts horn Bay Leaves an astringent Plaister A Loadstone prepared and applyed Another is from the breaking of the Ligaments which is known by this that the evil ariseth of a suddain afflicts with greater pain somtimes is followed with a flux of blood It ariseth either from the Heavy carriage of the young one or from hard labor or from abortion or from a violent drawing forth of the Secundine Another from the Corrosion of the ligaments and then there are signs of an Ulcer some matter flows out Article VIII Of the ascent of the womb its wounds and Vlcers That the womb may ascend out of its place towards the upper Parts as high as the stomach is the Opinion of some but false For. 1. 'T is so tied with four ligaments that it cannot be moved upwards at al. 2. Although it have a natural motion by fibres yet because 't is tied to the right Gut and Privites if it had an Animal motion those parts also must necessarily be distended 3. Although it swel with wind as was said formerly yet it follows not from thence that 't is moved upwards But that Women somtimes do feel a body and a Globe as it were running about the Region of the Navel we must say 't is rather the Testicles and that blind Vessel than the Womb it self The Cause of this shal be explained in the suffocation of the Womb. II. Concerning wounds of the womb note 1. That the Womb is hardly wounded
because 't is on every side guarded with bones 2. If it be wounded 't is known by the Situation pain and matter that flows forth 3. That it may be cured as appears by the Caesarean birth but 't is dangerous by reason of the conââât of the part with other members 4. Or it happens on the bottome of the womb and then that pain is less and easier Cured or on the Neck and then the pain is greater and harder to be Cured because that is more membranous and continually abounds with moisture III. Concerning Vlcers we meet with nothing of worth which hath not been touched on formerly unless perhaps we may add that it doth somtimes so Putrefie that it must be cut out and fals away the woman surviving For consolidation do serve the Balsam of sulphur and the Plaister of the same concerning which see Hartmans Chymiatry in the Chapter of a Consumption Read more of this subject in the Guide to Physick and Chyrurgery Riverius Practice of Physick and his Observations and the London Dispensatory Al of the last Editions Englished by me Title XII Of the Symptomes of the Womb. Chap. 1. Of the Common symptomes Article I. Of the weakness of the womb THe Symptomes of the Womb are either common to Women in al states or are either more familiar to those that live out of wedlock or proper to the married Those common are a weakness of the womb Pain a stoppage of the Courses a dropping of them too great a flux a difficulty of them a discolouring an inordinate flux a womans flux a gonorrhea A weakness of the womb is a sluggishness or defect of the same in performing its actions induced by the fault of a distemper occult qualities and the native heat The SIGNS are a languishing desire of venery an inordinate flux of the Courses when they are at hand a pain in the loyns and pecten little or no pleasure in copulation often abortions a breaking forth of wind from the womb For the actions of the womb are a desire of Venery a voiding of menstruous blood at due times the ejection of seed in the act of Venery and the retaining of that received from the man a keeping of the young one conceived to the due time and the exclusion of it when 't is perfect into the world The Nature of the Causes shal be explained in the Differences The Cure must be directed against the Causes of which there The Differences are taken from the Causes One is from the distemper of the womb which if it be Cold the womb cannot perfect a mean quantity of nourishment therefore it heaps not up many Excrements If moist neither the blood nor seed nor young one are rightly conteined See the Cure above Another is from occult qualities which the womb hath is apparent from hence because it hath a singular Sympathy and antipathy with divers things desires mans seed is delighted with sweet things c. And then the affect riseth from no evident Cause There is found no excess of moisture or coldness In the cure Medicines must be applyed that are proper by their whol substance Another is from the innate heat either choaked or dissipated and then the affect is dangerous because the heat is difficulty renewed In the Cure we must act with restauratives as are Cinnamon Nut-Megs the Species Diaxyloaloes Aromaticum Rosatum c. Article II. Of the Pain of the womb A Pain of the womb is a sad sense of the same proceeding from a solution of continuity induced by its Causes There is no need of Signs when the Woman her self makes known the pain It affects both Women that are free and great with Child and past labour It torments as pains of the collick do in the lower belly whenas the ligaments of the Womb are carried to the Hips and Loynes so far also it extends it self The Cause is whatsoever can dissolve continuity The Cure respect 1. The mitigation of pain by anodynes 2. The removal of the Cause of which in the Differences The Differences are taken from the Causes I. One is from corrosion which cheifly happens in Ulcers the Womans flux vitious Courses c. It offends most of al the Neck of the Womb. The Cure must be directed against those affects Another from distention which is caused 1. By a clot of Blood sticking in the Cavity of the Womb and then a plentiful flux of Blood preceded from the womb the pain is fixt and is perceived most of al about the Orifice of the womb when as Nature by the continual endeavoring to expel it doth draw the right Gut and bladder into consent 't is joyned with a tenasmus and often pissing In the Cure we must respect the dissolving of the clot for which Treacle with Wine is commended and the emptying of it and if hath stayed long there the Malignity of it 2. By Menstruous blood when either the Vessels are not wide enough or that is too thick which also may happen from cold drink especially if the woman were hot after exercise and then the Causes went before which occasioned it there are signs of the Courses supprest or not flowing rightly The cure must be directed to the same 3. By vitious Humors sticking in the Cavity or Vessels of the womb and then we must act with emptyers and preparatives 4. By wind which ariseth from the boyling of the vitious Humors Which somtimes copulation causeth And then emptying must be ordered we must act with things that discuss wind of which in the Chollick 5. by an inflamation of the womb of which formerly 6. By seed retained and corrupted and then we must look to the suffocation of the womb Article III. Of the suppression of the Courses A suppression of the Courses is a retention of the menstruous blood by reason of the streitness of the passages or the fault of the blood The SIGNS are afforded from the relation of the woman her self but if they wil not confess In Virgins 't is known by this that the blood stopt doth wander up and down in the Veins and cause obstructions changes the colour of the body induceth a Feaver c. In women that 't is carried to the womb and infers Diseases of the womb 'T is distinguisht from the retention in childing because they with Child are little changed in the affections of their mind they retaine the Native color of their body they find the Symptomes dayly more mild they perceive the motion and situation of the infant the third month They have the mouth of their womb shut up and hard The CAUSES are a streightness of the veins and the fault of the blood of which in the differences shal be treated more at large The Cure must be hastened because that suppression doth produce many diseases as a feaver a leucophlegmatick a dropsie vomiting of blood c. 'T is difficult if it be of long continuance if it hath exceeded the sixth month for the most part 't
is thought incurable especially if it happen from a perversion of the neck of the womb for then the woman swouneth and vomits flegme the parts of the belly and pecten are pained the back bone and a feaver happens The excrements of the belly and bladder are supprest a weariness possesses the whole body by reason of the diffusion of the blood retained through the whole it most of al detains the thighs and hips by reason of the consent of the veins of these parts with the veins of the womb 'T is of good success if it be emptied through other places so it be not through the bladder because the blood doth clot most of al in that It respects 1. Bleeding for the blood which stops every month is heaped up in the body and sticking in the veins it must be recalled to the wombe Concerning this note a vein must be opened in the ancle because so both the quantity of the blood is diminisht and its motion to the wombe is procured If it must be repeated one day blood must be taken from one leg the next from the other That which is ordered from emptying ought to be opened at the beginning that which is opened in the ham or ancle after purging must be done three four or five dayes before the time of the accustomary evacuation Cupping-glasses which are deputies of bleeding must first of al be applied to the remoter places viz. the thighs then to the neerer to wit the hips Hither belong ligatures frictions the time of the courses being at hand after emptying of the whole body 2. The preparation of the matter and for this serves in flegmatick bodies the decoction of guajacum with ditander of caudy without provoking of sweat 3. Emptying which must be ordered at times that the matter may be emptyed by little and little Amongst evacuating medicines are commended agarick Galens hiera with castor aloes with the juice of savin Pils made of aloe socotorina three drams the best myrrh one scruple extract of callamus aromaticus carduus benedictus saffron of each three grains of thâ rootes of gentian dittander each five grainâ with syrup of bay berries and given one scrâple weight in the evening before supper 4. Opening obstructions by those things that move the courses the cheife are inwardly given the decoction of rosemary with the flower of wal flower in wine Zacutus his chalybeat wine i. 9. c. 10. his water in the same place Pennyroial water twice distiled with cinnamon water The extract of Zedoary angelica castor The faecula of bryony the earth which is found in iron mines given in the same quantity order and forme as steel is The spirit of tartar Hartmans lozinges of Crocus martis Outwardly Zacutus his oyntment of steel l. 3. histor p. 52. the fat of an eele of a snake with the distilled oyl of savin A suffumigation of the refuse of Regulus antimonii of which in Hartman 5. A discussion of the remainders by sweaters viz. with a drauft either of Qercetans milium solis in his pharmaco restituta Or with a chalybeate decoction with spirit of tartar the juice of elder c. The Differences are fetcht from the Causes I. One is from the obstruction of the veins of the womb which is caused by cold and thick blood viscous and thick humors mixt with the blood proceeding either from a hot distemper of the womb which dissipates the subtil and sharp humors leaves the thick and earthy parts or from a cold constitution of the liver and spleen or from the like nourishments especially if in the time of the menstruous flux they be dissipated when the force of the blood is greater and then the time of the purgation being at hand pains are felt in the loins and neighboring parts if any thing flows forth 't is mucous somwhat white and somwhat black there is a dulness in the whole body with a white colour a rare pulse and crude urines Let the Cure be fetcht from what hath been said before Another from compression which is either from external causes as the northern air staying in cold water and then the relation of the patient wil unfould it The blood must be drawne to the lower parts by frictions bandages baths Or from internal causes to wit the fat of the womb or tumors of the neighboring parts and then the tumor must be taken away with convenient remedies Things that move the courses have no place here Another is from a constipation whiles the substance of the womb it self is hard which is either from the first birth and then 't is not easily taken away or after the birth from a cold and dry distemper of which formerly Another from a growing together which is caused 1. By a skar left after an ulcer 2. By flesh or a membrain growing over the vessels of the womb 3. By often abortion after which those veins to which the secundine adheres doe so grow together that afterwards they cannot be opened II. One is from a defect of blood which either is not generated either by reason of external causes viz. hunger too much evacuation issues c. or of internal as a cold constution of the principal parts old age feavers Or 't is converted to other uses as before ripe age into the augmentation of the body in women with childe to the nourishment of the young one in those that give suck into milk in fat folkes into fat Or 't is wasted either by reason of external causes to wit exercise too much labour frights sadness baths hot houses which by provoking plentious sweats do both carry the blood to the circumference of the body and wast its serous part which gives fluxibility to it or internal as are hot and dry diseases too great evacuations made by other parts c. Another from the dryness of the blood which is caused by adustion when in the winter time women put light coales under their lower belly to drive away the cold and then we must act with coolers and moistners Article IV. Of a dropping and difficulty of the courses The dropping of the courses is a breaking forth of the menstruous blood either for many dayes or continually yet made by drops There is no need of Signs when the fault is made known by the relation of the woman The Cause consists either in thing external or in the blood or in the vessels The Cure follows the Nature of the Causes The Difference is taken from the causes One is from external causes exercise hot medicines and other things that diffuse the blood and open the passages and then there is a greater pouring forth of blood Another is from the faeculency of the blood the waies not beng open enough and then it happens with pain in the cure opening a vein in the arm takes place Purging by little and little ought to be urged Another is from the weakness of the retentive faculty there comming together a plenty of blood a
thinness and serosity and then no pain urges We must act with medicines that strengthen the womb with astriction and dryness II. A difficulty of the courses is a flowing of them with pain and trouble and greivous symptomes by the default of the veins or blood The signs are taken from the relation of the patient those pains are of the head stomach loyns and lower belly The flux is either altogether or only by the way of dropping and somtimes when the courses are at hand somtimes when they flow the symptoms happen and they do more afflict virgins and the barren because the veins of their wombes are less open than those that have brought forth because their veins after breeding are dilated We shal treat of the causes in the differences The cure respects 1. The Symptoms which must be mitigated 2. The causes which must be taken away The difference is taken from the causes One is from the straitness of the veins of which we have sayd enough in the suppression of the courses Another from the faults of the blood that is 1. From the thickness and feculency of it and then the blood whiles it is emptyed grows into clots the pains grow feircer a long time before the evacuation by reason of the endeavors of the expulsive Faculty The cure premising universals is perfected by things attenuating and that have power to diffuse it 2. From the acrimony proceeding from the mixture of sharp humors and then the genital parts do iâch the nature of the bloâd voided and manner of the pain discovers the disease We must act with things that qualify the acrimony as are the Four greater seeds violets the flowers of water lillies 3. From the flatulency and then the pain returns by intervalls and of a suddain grows sharper wanders up and down wind being voided it ceases It is cured by emptying of the matter and discussing of wind Article 5. Of the discoloring of the courses The discolouring of the courses is a declining of them when as they ought to be ruddy to a palness whiteness greeness yellowness or lividness by default of blood The signs are afforded from beholding the blood it self there is added a stinkingness an inordinate evacuation and oftentimes erratick Feavers accute horror loathing of meat pains of the stomach c. concerning which see Hippocrates The cause is layd upon the falt of the blood concerning which as also of its causes see in the differences The cure attends the causes therefore according to the nature of them it varies 'T is divided twofold I. One is when the blood contracts a fault either by reason of a distemper of the whol body or of some principal part respect to which must be had in the cure Another when the blood is in fault either because 't is supprest and retaind and then a stoppage of the courses went before pains are felt in the breast and strong pulsations if the habit be better the courses break forth and the blood flows forth and a strong smelling matter about the eight or ninth day Or because 't is polluted by the womb abounding with excrements and then there are signs of a polluted womb Another when the blood is polluted by the mixture of excrementitious humors and then if you consider the cure we must prepare them but so that when as thick humors do want attenuation and things too much attenuating do melt the serous humors and move them to the womb we must absteine from the stronger and beware of vinegar we must empty c. II. One is when the courses decline to a whiteness which ariseth either from flegm of which howsoever it be there are signs of a weak stomach or from matter and then either ulcers are raised in the womb and barrenness follows or the courses flow forth for seven or eight days and the woman is freed or the same break forth at the parts above the groin without a tumor and about the hypochondries they come forth and the woman seldom survives Or after some daies a great tumor riseth upon the groin ruddy without a head because there the flesh is filled up and 't is hardly opened Another is when it declines to yellowness or greenness which proceeds from choler Another when to a lividness which ariseth from melancholy Article 6. Of an inordinate flux of the courses An inordinate flux of the courses includes two things to wit an anticipation of the courses before the due time and their continuance beyond the accustomary time The anticipation of the courses is divided according to the nature of the causes One is from external causes viz. a fal a blow and other things that open the veins See the cure below Another from the irritation of the expulsive faculty of the womb 1. By the plenty of blood which is known by this that the blood is sent from the whol body to the womb 't is fluid and natural there are signs of a plentitude 'T is cured by bleeding if the plenty be great by dyet and often exercise if it be less 2. By the thinness and acrimony of the blood which is known by this that the temper of the whol body is hot a course of dyet generating such blood went before the blood it self is dilute discolored yellowish 'T is cured by emptyers rhubarb especially by qualefyers of which formerly Another from the weak retentive faculty of the womb which is known by this that the vessels of the womb are loose the habit of the body also is lax and moist The cure forbids things too much astringent Acid waters and baths that have the vertue of iron are commended II. The continuance of the courses beyond the accustomary time is divided also according to the nature of the causes One is which proceeds from the disappointment of the expulsive faculty which is caused 1. By the scearcity of blood which is known by this that the woman finds no trouble by the protraction of her courses that too much excercise or slender dyet went before 2. By the thickness of the blood which is known by this that there are signs of a cacochyme the blood is whitish and viscous In the cure we must purge before much blood be gathered together attenuate when the menstruous purgation is over calamint and mercury beare the palme some days before the monthly purgation we must open scarification of the ankels takes place here Another which ariseth from the weakness of the expulsive faculty which is induced 1. By a cold distemper of the womb of which formerly 2. By a stupidity of the same which is known by this that there are present disease causing stupidity or too great use of coolers went before after the due time of purgation though there be present abundance of blood no heaviness is perceived by the woman In the cure we must have respect to the disease and its causes Article 7. Of too much flowing of the courses The too much flowing of the courses is
either a too plentiful or more continued purgation of them than is convenient arising either from the fault of the blood or of the womb or of the veins There is not much need of signs especially if there follow a want of appitite crudety an evil color of the face a swelling of the feet and the rest of the body an atrophy cachexy c. The cause we have layd on the blood the womb or the veins but whence these are in fault shal be explained in the differences The cure is difficult if it be of long continuance None at al if it happen to a woman growing old It reqiures 1. A restraint of them by revulsion interception thickning of the blood stopping up the vessels by astringent means and other things Yet it must be stopt by degrees if there be a great plenty of blood and it happen by way of crisis the which falls out seldom Here take place Heurnius his pouder of the seed of white henbane white poppy each one dram of the bloodstone red coral each half a dram camphure half a scruple given half a dram weight The pouder of amber sanguis draconis the bloodstone red corral purslane seeds each one dram pomegranate flowers two scruples easterne bole armenick two drams given from one dram in three ounces of plantane water Asses milk with steel Ferdinandus his aqua mirabilis histor 33. The trochisks de carabe the benes of a man strongly calcined Zacutus his pills l. 9. prax histor p. 185. His plaister there The plaister of saxonia made of the sut of a chimney volatil floure c. a pessary made of heggs and asses dung with the juice of plantane and the mucilage of quinse seeds Specificks are inwardly Forestus his pouder of a turtil l. 28. obs 10. The salt of the ashes of the same the thin skin of geese feet dryed and given from one dram to two scrupels Outwardly a girdle of the leaves of bastard black hellebore bruised Of which Renealmus obser 21. The differences are divers which do cheifly respect the causes 1. One is from blood which 1. either is derived from the bottom of the womb in which the blood is blacker and for the most part clotted Or from the neck which is more ruddy and fluid 2. 'T is either plentiful or sharp or serous Of which in the following difference Another from the moistness of the womb of which see formerly Another from the fault of the Veins concerning which consult with the third difference One is from plenty of blood which is known by this that either the vessels are opened or broke in women especially whose courses have stopt a long while and afterwards do breake forth more plentifully There are signs of a plentitude the blood which comes forth doth easily concrete into clots In the Cure we must respect 1. Bleeding which if it be ordered for evacuation it concernes a vein in the arme the liver veine cheifly If the strength be feeble 't is ordered in the salvatella of each hand if it be for revulsion it must be done at several times because being repeated it revells more powerfully 2. Cupping-glasses which for evacuation may be applied to any part if you except the lower as to the back shoulders and that with scarification for revulsion they ought to be set to the breasts without scarification and upon a difficulty of breathing ensuing they must be removed 3. Ligatures frictions of the armes c. Another from sharp blood which is known by this that there is a corrosion of the vessels joyned with it there are signs of choler The blood is detained and corrupted in the womb it slides forth in greater quantity In the Cure let purging be administred by syrup of roses solutive and leaves of senny See things that thicken it above mentioned Another from serous and watery blood which is known by this that either the liver is faulty by its weakness or the kidnies by reason of their weakness do not attract the serum The blood flowes forth in lesse quantity and is not easily clotted that which is flowed forth if it be received on a linnin cloath and dryed in the shade discovers it self by the colour The Cure attends the diseases themselves III. One is from an Anastomosis in the cure of which observe that hot things ought to be mixt with cold least the veins be obstructed the ventilation of heat be prohibited and a feaver induced that pessaries may be applied if the opening be in the vessels of the neck where oake leaves and unguentum Commitissae are good that baths must not be used unless they be somwhat cold or whose astringent power overcomes their heat Another is from a Diapedisâs which happens very rare it presently requires astringent topicks Another from a Breaking which happens either from a plenitude or from causes that stir the blood especially from hard labor and premising the opening of a vein if ther be need 't is cured by conglutinating medicines Another from a corrosion which is known from hence that little blood flowes somtimes purulent somtimes serous It ariseth from a sharp and corrupt blood somtimes also from sharp medicines amongst Astringents is commended the root of dropwort or ' its decoction Article VIII Of the Womans flux and gonorrhaea The womans flux which otherwise is exprest by the name of the whites is an inordinate voiding from the womb of an excrementitious humor by its whole nature differing from blood collected by the fault either of the whole or of some part 'T is called the womans because it affects women and truly virgins also when as the causes take place in them and there are examples of it Yet more commonly those of riper age especially if they be indewed with a moist and cold constitution do lead a delicate and idle life and feed upon cold and moist nourishments old women also and that unto death by reason of the plenty of flegm and the weakness of the concocting faculty There is no need to enquire the Signs the affect is made known by the relation of the patient her self It differs from a gonorrhaea because in that the matter of the seed flows forth whiter thicker and at longer intervals and 't is voided in less quantity From a nocturnal polution because this is joyned with a phansie of a venereal business and happens only in the sleep From the discolored courses because they observe their periods though not alwaies exactly they do not happen to women with child and those troubled with the suppression of the courses they shew a red colour From matter out of the ulcers of the womb because then the signs of an ulcer stand forth the matter it self is thicker and whiter It it be sanious 't is besmeared with blood and voided with pain We have laid the Cause upon an Excrementitious Humor which Somtimes is raised by purging Medicines Nature being stirred up by their use to attempt excretions somtimes by Baths Nature casting off
by this way those Excrements which could not be driven forth by sweat The cure must be hastened for it makes women Barren for the most Part unless perhap it be emptyed through the Vessels of the Neck of the womb it casts the same into an Atrophy consumption Melancholy Dropsie Falling down of the womb swounings and Convulsions Hence though at the beginning 't is scarce Cured yet afterwards 't is more difficult For the whol body accustomes it self to cast off the Excrements through that way and the womb being rendered weaker collects Excrements It varies according to the nature of the Causes The Differences are taken from the part that sends them and the colour of the blood I. One is from the whol which is known by this that there are signs of a Cacochymy in the whol body the flux is more plentiful In the Cure 1. Bleeding must be shunned both because the Humors ought not to be recalled into the Veins to pollute the blood and because the strength is dejected by the long continuance of this affect and the body wasted 2. Discussion is very wel performed by Decoctions of Guajacum China and lentisk wood c. 3. For drying the Root of dropwort is very much commended For binding the pouder of mans bones the ashes of Capons dung in rain water Zacutus his Plaister l. 9. c. 11. Prax. History which ought to be applyed to the Kidneys 4. Sleeping on the back must be avoided least by the heat of the Loyns the humors be carried towards the womb 5. Frictions of the upper parts are good for aversion Another is from some part besides the womb and then there are signs of the part affected in the cure we must have regard unto it II. One is from the womb which is known by this that there are signs of the womb affected the flux is not so plentiful It ariseth from the distemper of it of which in the Cure we must have a regard Suffumigations of Frankincense Labdanum Mastick Saunders are wel applyed but from what Cause soever it ariseth baths do most good Concerning a Gonorrhaea if any thing ought to be known let it be sought from those things which are said concerning a mans gonorrhaea Chap. 2. Of the Symptomes more familiar to those that live out of Wedlock Article I. Of the Virgins Disease THe Symptoms more familiar to those that live unmarried are the Virgins disease the suffocation of the womb the madness of the womb and the melancholy of women The Virgins disease otherwise the white the Virgins the Pale the Lovers Feaver is a change of the natural color in the Face into a greenish and pale proceeding from the abundance of crude Humors 'T is called the Virgins because it appertains most of al to Virgins and truly to the Fairer endued with a white colour thence the Tincture from crude Humors is the easier The Face it self wil afford us the Signs to which add other Symptomes as the pain of the Head somtimes madness the Humors and Vapors being carried thither and mixt with Melancholy a difficulty of breathing with a palpitation of the heart if they stir with a smal and frequent pulse of the Arteries in the Neck back and Temples by Reason of the lifting up of Vapors from the heating of the thick blood inordinate and erratick Feavers by reason of the Putrefaction of the Humors manifold affects of the Stomach amongst which loathing of meat by reason of the unhappy distribution of the Chyle A Pica from the abundance of evil humors in the coats of the stomach Vomiting from the great plenty of crude Humors both a distension of the Hypochondries from the reflux of the Menstruous blood to the greater Vessels and a rumbling from the tumultuation of wind A swelling as wel of the whol body with a laxness and softness from the plenty of the Humor as either of the Eye-lids especially in the morning after sleep when in the night the heat hath raised more Vapors and serour Humors than could be discussed or of the Legs and Feet especially about the Ankles from the abundance of serous Humors The CAUSE is the crudity and plenty of Humors arising either from the suppression of the Courses or from the Native straitness of the Vessels or from that acquired by eating of wheat Loom Chalk earth Nut-Meg drinking of Vineger c. Or from the obstruction of other bowels For the Menstruous blood the Passages not being open doth regurgitate to the greater Veins and Bowels obstructs the Vessels and over whelms the heat Hence ariseth evil concoction in the Bowels and the Humors are carried to the habit of the body The CURE is accomplisht 1. by bleeding especially in the Ankle if the malady be new and the blood is not turnd into another humor If it ariseth from the Evacuation of blood supprest 2. By Purging premising Preparatives 3. By opening obstructions in which we must have respect to al the bowels the suppression of the Courses must most of al be minded There are commended Steel prepared Scorzonera Root Bezoar stone Oyl of Crystals c. In the diet Vineger must be voided Article II. Of the Suffocation of the womb The Suffocation of the womb is a heap of Symptomes opposing somtimes the natural actions somtimes the Animal somtimes and more often the vital by periods joyned with a coldness of the whol Body proceeding from a malignant Vapor raised from the womb 'T is called also the Suffocation of women the strangling from the womb the Hysterical passion c. The SIGNS are either of that at hand a wearinness of the whol body with a weakness of the Legs a paleness of the Face with a sad look a nauseousness which is seldome succeeded with vomiting oftentimes a certain wearisomness and loathing of meat and that somtimes with a murmuring and rumbling of the belly somtimes without these Or of that present in which a Vapor raised up to the heart and stopping the vital spirits a smal fainting away is Caused the Pulse is changed a little the body grows cold the spirits recurring to the heart fear and desperation moves the patients the same thrust to the Head and Jaws somtimes the Jaws are bound up and the Patient seems to be suffocated The motion of the breast and Midriffe is hindered the Animal spirits being stopt and breathing is almost intercepted the sick living in the mean while by Transpiration somtimes a madness of the womb is added with prating and fury somtimes other kinds of madness arise Somtimes sleep and a drowsie Disease is induced in which the woman falling as astonisht lies without motion without sense with such smal breathing that she seems dead Or of the fit declining and then a certain Humor flows forth from the Privities the Guts murmur by and by the Eyes are lift up the Cheeks grow red sence and motion return Somtimes a coldness at the time slides from the Head by the Neck into the shoulder and Arme which
because the blood it self partly by its unaccustomedness and the narrowness of its own accord flow thither In the cure 1. bleeding beares the palme that the nourishment of the mola may be withdrawn and it must be larger if the woman be plethorick more sparingly it not so in the ankle or ham 2. Strong and often repeated purging 3. Opening of the courses 4. Chyrurgery of which see Authors Prevention requires 1. That Copulation be not too often especially in bodies not strong enough by reason of the generation of weak seed 2. That it happen not when the courses are at hand or flowing or when the womb labors of a distemper See the Differences in physical observations for this mass is not only without bones and bowels but somtimes 't is more membranous viscous fast together not yeelding to iron Somtimes it presents a long forme rhomboidal c. somtimes 't is destitute of all life somtimes it lives the life of a plant Somtimes 't is voided with a child without one after one and somtimes a dysentery goes before the voiding of it Article 2. Of the Symptoms of women with child The symptoms of women with child are in a threefold Difference Some happen at the first time of their bearing in the belly and they are 1. A cramp troubling especially the leggs which is taken away by anointing them by the fire with oyl of bays putting on afterwards hot rowlers 2. The pain of the Sciatica with oyl of Venice turpentine anointed on drives away 3. Loathing of meat which ariseth from the suppression of the courses the better part of the blood going to the young one the worse remaining in the veins from whence by agitation vapors are sent to the mouth of the stomach with the humors a vitious quality is imprinted on it and which ceases of its own accord when the young one is grown greater 4. A Pica or a desire to absurd meats for taking away of which serves the water distilled in the month of May from vine leaves 5. A nauseousness and vomiting which if it be easy ought not to be stopt if difficult 't is not free from danger 6. Torments and pains of the belly which are raised by the wind from the humors about the womb and somtimes do cast women into swouning fitts 7. A loosness which must be timely remedied least abortion follow 8. A pain in the teeth from part of the sharper humor carried thither 9. A pain of the head and vertigo from the vapors sent forth distending and troubling it Others trouble in the middle months of their bearing and are I. A cough from a sharp vapor or the veins of the breast which by reason of the concussion of the muscles of the belly watchings pain of the head is dangerous 2. A palpitation of the heart and faintings which if it arise from plenty of blood is a forerunner of abortion and is cured by bleeding 3. Pains of the loyns and hipps either from the blood supprest falling upon the vessels of those places or from the child growing bigg 4. A flux of blood from the womb nose hemrods which is caused 1. From a rupture of the vessels of the womb by evident causes which are known from the relation of the patient 2. From plenty of blood and then the woman is endued with a good color she beares the flux wel there is less danger if so be the flux be not too much 3. From the weakness of the young one not attracting the blood and then for the most part either the birth is protracted beyond the due time or is difficult or abortion follows there are signs of the weakness of the child that is 1. Either the woman is troubled with a looseness of body by which the nourishment is withdrawn from the young or her courses flow often when she is with child or the mother is often or long sick whence ariseth a fault of the nourishment or the breasts which were swelled ful before are extenuated for want of nourishment in the common veins of the womb and breasts or the young one which already had began to move or ought to move either is not moved or moves weakly 4. From evil humors goading the expulsive Faculty and then sharp things coloured stinking flow forth with pain there are signs of a cacochymy Others happen in the last months as is 1. A stoppage of the urine which ariseth from a compression of the neck of the bladder by the womb it happens cheifly when they stand 2. A hardness and slowness of the belly which ariseth either from a compression of the gutts made by the young one it self or by an extraction of the moisture caused by the same in women that have a hot and dry liver and spleen 't is dangerous because by a violent straining to evacuate al the parts in the belly being ful some dammage may easily ensue 3. A tumor and inflation of the veins either in the leggs by reason of the weakness of the liver of which in its place or by the suppression of the more serous blood and then the women with child for the most part bring forth girles We must forbeare from the cure because the humor is emptyed with the after purgation after the delivery unless walking be hindered or in the hipps that they become as it were varicous which proceeds from the same cause 4. clefts of the skin of the belly by reason of the distension especially at the first birth which are prevented with the anointing of laxative liniments as are marrowes oyles 5. The effusion of water which in the time of bearing is collected between the membranes that involve the young one which wants not danger because both the young one perceives some trouble from thence and a hard labor follows for want of moisture Article 3. Of the symptomes about the delivery The symptomes that happen about the delivery are also not a few I. An untimely flux of blood before the birth whence is a weakness of strength and swounings In the cure of which emptyers must be shunned the aire forbidden cordialls and strengthners must be given when the mouth of the womb opens it self the membrane must be broken and the infant brought forth II. Abortion when the child is born before the lawful time of bringing forth which is feared if the breasts be extenuated because it is a sign that either the blood does fail in the veins common to the womb and breasts or that by the violence of the young one or rupture of some vessels it doth rush to the womb If plenty of milk flow from them If the great bellyed woman have often pains about the belly and loins which end towards the pubes os sacrum with a certain endeavor to cast forth of her womb If after them blood either pure or ichorous or warer flow forth It ariseth in general from the fault of the expulsive faculty of the womb which is irritated either by the young one
the Ashes of beech and often strained with the like quantity of wine and Alum two ounces As concerning the differences its species are the Foot-Gout the Hand-Gout the Knee-Gout and the Hip-Gout Concerning them we meet with nothing besides what hath been formerly spoke Concerning the last we must observe 1. That it ought to be distinguished from that pain which indeed is most vehement but neither causeth a Tumor neither consists alwaies about a joynt but in the middle spaces also between the joynts oftentimes after it hath afflicted a man once or twice it returnes not again al his life time 2. That it hath this property that 't is diffused more largely than in other joynts and often times to the adjoyning parts both by reason of the largeness of the Hip bone and the distribution of the Nerves which come from the Loyns and Os Sacrum to that Articulation to divers parts 3. That 't is very hardly Cured as wel by reason of the deepness and largeness of the place as for the plenty of matter that is wont to be collected there In the Cure for derivation a Vein in the outward Ankle is wel opened if the pain tend outwardly the Saphena in the inner Ankle if the pain tend inwardly We must act with strong Purgers The Discussers are Sciatica-cresses winter Cresses dittander and others concerning which consult with Practitioners We write only an Idea And let these suffice of the Diseases of the lower belly and joynts THE ELEVENTH BOOK OF THE IDEA OF PRACTICAL PHYSICK Concerning Poysonous Diseases Title I. Concerning the French Pox. HItherto we have treated of diseases that were not poysonous to those that are poysonous belong the pestilence the leprosy of the Arabians The French pox and poysons Of the two former we have formerly treated now we must speak of the French Pox. But the French Pox is a virulent contagious cachexy of the whol body for the most part raging with a hot distemper falling of the haire spots swellings stubborn ulcers and cruel pain especially at night enemy to the liver and nourishing faculty arising from an excrement infected with a malignant and poysonous quality transferred by contagion but especially by copulation and tyrannizing with many symptomes It hath divers names 't is called the French the Italian the Neapolitan the Spanish the Indian disease Syphilis the gout of the privities the great Pox c. The adequate subject is the whol body but the fewel of the evil is the liver it self from which polluted a crude and corrupt blood is dispersed into the whol habit of the body and the nourishment of every part is depraved The signs of it begining are a light weariness of all the members with a heaviness of the whol body because the natural spirits which are the immediate instrument of the supporting faculty are infected a smal and wandring pain through al the parts which a vapor raised from the liver induceth by the same the color of the face is changed and under the eys there appeares a blewish circle as in menstruous bodies An exceeding heat ariseth in the soles of the feet and hands even in the winter The sleep is interrupted a moderate rottenness about the privities either because the filth of womens secrets hath corroded the skin or because the liver drives forth to the privities the contagion communicated to it by the natural spirits Moderate smal buboes not painful nor increasing much because the liver drives out evil Exexcrements to the groines as to its emunctories A french running of the reins which is inferd by the weakness of the spirits governing the faculties of the testicles Of it confirmed are hard pustles al over the body especially the head and beard arising about the fourth or sixth month somtimes with a crust somtimes not somtimes with filth somtimes not which ariseth either from a contagious matter sent from the liver or from the part heaping up excrements by reason of the fault of concoction Callous ulcers in the privities A softness and hanging down of the uvula in the throat which is followed with a boarsness of the voice for the nattural spirit being weakened flegme ariseth in the stomach snivel in the braine flegmatick blood in the veins and in process of the disease being adust it becomes sharp Tumors of the glandules in the jawes the matter infected and voided by the emunctories being communicated to the head A Corruption of the palate and teeth which shewes the highest degree of the disease firme crying Paines arising before the evening which proceed either from a malignant vapor or from the excrement heaped up about the periostia of every part A Corruption of the bones of the head and armes before an ulcer doth arise Malignant ulcers besetting the whole body for the causes now given A falling of the hair crusts callosities clefts in the palmes of the hands and soles of the feet which arise from a flegmatick matter very much burnt A tingling of the ears which is produced when the hurtful vapor from the head cannot be expel'd by the skin nor by the mouth nor nose and therefore by the last endeavor is thrust to to the ears See more in Practitioners The Cause is an excrement polluted with a poysonous mallignity possessing the whol body or some parts of it and corrupting the blood conteined in the veins and making it unfit for good nourishment 't is communicated by contagion which is promoted inwardly 1. By the weak force of the natural spirits and the liver it self 2. By the largeness of the vessels that a passage lyes open for the vapors and filth 3. By an easie inflaming of the humors by which that is most easily snatcht 4. By the nature and softness of the substance in the parts 5. By the affection of the minde which if it be vehement they that couple are not easily infected Outwardly by contact by communication of substance viz. of the filth Ichor or sutty vapors which is the easier if the parts be soft thin and be hot for which makes also copulation with one infected sucking of her milk besmeering with the spittle kissing lying in bed with her using the garments of one infected c. The Cure is more difficult if it seaze on those once cured If it fal upon a hot and dry distemper because either things propper cannot be administred or if they be another dammage is brought upon the body If it fal upon a hot and dry time of the yeare because the strength is then most of al exhausted If a Feaver consumption or other greivous symptom be joyned with it if there appeare in the joynts callous scirrous and hard tumors If the sick be an infant and hath sucked in this evil with the milk because the virulency goes into the stomach with the milk which infects the liver and blood It respects 1. Preservation the which can scarce be taught with a good conscience least there be a door opened to wandring lusts
Arteria They infest wanton lustful Women from the dryness of their Womb by Reason of the common Tunicle and they produce Clefts without any heat at al or itching or much hardness neither are they very deep or frequent In the Cure regard must be had unto the parts transmitting In al of them the Lip is to be turned inward and then the mastication or chewing of Mastick being premised it is to be moistened with the Tongue II. Touching the Vlcers of the Lips these things are wel to be noted I. That al of them do proceed from Humors that are sharp Cholerick and Serous or Wheyish either from adustion and putridness or else from their admixture II. That somtimes they are covered over with a cruftiness and somtimes running III. That somtimes they are Critically thrust forth in Malignant and likewise in other Feavers and these are easily Cured of themselves and they design the end of the Feaver if they be together with the Natural strength and Vigor much impayred they then threaten death and somtimes they are thrust forth Symptomatically and that either by Reason of a Contusion of the Lip or by reason of Poysons or by Reason of Humors as in the French Pox. In the Cure Medicaments are most fitly and best of al administred about the time of the Patients sleeping Al sharp meats ought carefully to be avoyded III. The Trembling of the Lips proceedeth either from External Causes to wit 1. Cold with a gracing of the Teeth 2. Wrath or Fear the spirits being thereby either dissipated or made to retire into the more inward parts Or else from an Internal Cause as from the weakenning of the Nerves in some extraordinary great affect of the brain in the Nauseousness of the Stomach and propension to vomit from a sharp Humor pulling and twinging or else from the agitation and disturbance of the Stomach by the consent and agreement of the Membrains thereof in case of Worms The Cure must be ordered according to the Causes IV. The Perversion of the Lips proceedeth from the affect of the Nerves of the third pair there being then a Convulsion of the Muscles and this either of it self from dryness or else from the Event or when the neer allyed and conjoyned Muscles that together and at once lift up or press down some one of the Members are drawn together and suffer a Convulsion or else when the Muscles Antagonistae are resolved It is deadly the strength and powers of the body being extreamly weakned in Continual Feavers and when there is a peculiar defect of the Organs It is voyd of al danger if the powers of the body be strong and vigorous the actions thereof constant and Uniform and when the Metastasis as they tearm it or transferring of the Critical Matter unto the Head be accomplished Title IX Of the Diseases and Symptomes of the Face Chap. 1. Of the Opening of the Mouth Gaping and Yawning THere belong unto the Affects of the Face the opening of the Mouth Gaping Yawning the Writhing thereof and that we cal the Ptyalism or frequent spitting I. The Opening of the Mouth is when that bone that by Nature ought to have been shut is yet not shut This cometh to pass I. When the lower Jaw-bone Joyneth and groweth unto the Head which very rarely happeneth II. When tumors arise neer about the Conjuncture of the Jaw bones in the inflamations of the Jaws and the Tensils III. When the Roof of the Mouth in the which the Cheek is turned and moved waxeth stiff and the Mouth becometh so close shut together that even in windy ructures or belchings it cannot be widened and enlarged there being gotten in and deeply inserted into that Juncture and the bonds thereof a most filthy and nasty humor IV. When the Neck is distended by Reason of a wound in the Nerves because that then the Jaws wax stiff like unto the bones II. The Gaping of the Mouth is then when the Mââth that by Nature one Lip falling doââ and resting upon the other ought to have been shut Gapeth If ariseth 1. From an il Custom 2. From the Relaxation of the Nether Jaw-bone 3. From the Obstruction of the Nostrils that so more store of Air may be attracted 4. From the ascending up of extream hot Vapors in Feavers and then if there be pains of the Jaws without any swelling that albeit they be but smal yet seem as though they would suffocate and strangle the party then the mindes disturbance and alienation is portended and threatened 5. From the Hurting of the Memory in the Lethargy III. Oscitation or Yawning is a vehement distention of the Mouth by Halituous and windy Vapors gathered together in the spaces of the Muscles of the nether Jaw-bone and of the Cheeks and Exstimulating or provoking the Excretive faculty to do its office by Excretion Touching the Signs we need take no great pains to find them out but indeed in regard that the Passage of the Ear at that time doth not sufficiently admit of and give a meet entrance unto the Air and likewise that the Auditory Nerve is compressed it hath therefore Joyned with it an hardness or thickness of hearing The Cause is expressed in the Definition The Cure is scarcely to be Hoped for or expected if it happen in Child-bearing It is somwhat Doubtful if it Relax and loosen the lower Jaw-bone But otherwise if it happen without a more frequent occasion if the matter being widened the Air be abundantly and greedily drawn in and then instantly excluded and thrust forth again with a loud noise it presageth Diseases and it is in very deed the Preludium of Feavers by Reason of the ascent of Vapors from the matter collected together in the lower parts and there puttefying It is to be effected and wrought I. By excluding the matter that fomenteth and supplieth the Vapors II. By the Discussion or Revulsion of the Vapors themselves Chap. 2. Of the Writhing of the Mouth THe Writhing of the Mouth is a distention thereof proceeding from this to wit when either the Muscles of the Face or the Nerves of the third and fifth Conjugation or those that descend from the first and principal Vertebrae of the Neck The SIGNS are that one of the Eyes can never be rightly shut and that the Patient being bid to spit forth doth it on the one side only and if there were no other signes yet this there wil be that the Party being commanded to laugh or to pronounce the letter O can by no means stir or move one side of the Mouth The CAUSE is expressed in the defini-nition The CURE is so much the easier if this unseemly affect hath no consent or agreement with any other part of the body But more difficult if it be lengthened out and protracted beyond the sixth month How the cure is to be performed shal be further shown in the differences Now it is divided in a two-fould manner according to the nature and condition of the
Causes I. One is from Resolution which may be known by this that the part affected is loose and the softer part thereof drawn to that part that is sound and that the sense in the part affected is very obtuse and dull that the eye lids in part fal down that the face is extended without any wrinkles at al and that it continually inclineth toward the inferior parts It ariseth from the very same causes from which it portendeth a palsy or an apoplexy It is Cured in the manner as a palsey I. By Vniversals where note wel 1. That before the fourth or the seventh day unless there be a fear of the before mentioned diseases we must have no recourse unto the stronger sort of medicaments 2. that a vein is to be opened first in the Arm and after that under the tongue 3. That Cupping-glasses with scarification ought rather to be applied unto the shoulder blades than unto the first vertebrae lest that if they be too often imposed on the neck they may haply cause a trembling II. By Particulars and then Errhines and Apophlegmatismes are of good use Gargarismes are not to be administred before errhines lest that the matter be thereby drawn unto the face Outwardly let therebe inunctions of Castoreum Let the mouth by Ligatures be reduced again unto its natural state Let the sick person be put into an obscure and dark place lest that by much light the humors being scattered run together unto the nerves Let a looking glass be set oppositely before him Another from Convulsion which is known by this that the part affected is hard and for the most part ful of pain that the sound part is somtimes drawn unto that extended that the skin in one partthereof is rugged and wrinkled and in another extended and lastly that there is here present but very little Salivation or spiting It ariseth from the same Causes with the Convulsion And it is likewise as hardly cured or else not at al if it seize upon both sides of the mouth we cal it then a chymical spasme and be violent strong for somtimes within four daies and somtimes again at the furthest within twelve the matter being transferred unto the head kileth the party thus affected or if it happen in burning feavers a pernitious Phrensy c. II. Another is when the Muscles are affected then the vitious and deformed figure seazeth only that part of the face which the affected muscle covereth Another when the nerves and then their spring-head and beginning being affected the Brain is likewise affected in the one half thereof and half the face also together with the whole body suffereth but if they be affected in their progress âhen the distorsion or writhing seizeth upon the one half of the face throughout al the parts thereof when the third pair of nerves are affected in regard that the same part thereof standeth forth by the same holes with the moving nerves of the eyes the eye cheifly suffereth if the fifth pair be affected then there is likewise some slight hurt of the hollow or inner parts of the Cheeks but if the first vertebrae of the neck then the hurt that befalleth the Cheeks is so much the greater but then the eye unless withal the Temple muscle into which the fifth Conjugation sendeth forth a smal branch be affected is the more freed from suffering Chap. 3. Of the Ptyalisme APtyalism is a frequent and involuntary spitting and spawling without any Cough or retching proceeding from a superfluity and over great store of spittle Our discourse is of that ptyalisme that is Symptomatical and not of the Critical which freeth the sick person from the disease he lyeth under Of SIGNS there is no need at al. It is termed involuntary the better to distinguish it from that that is by use and Custom whether it be in concluding of a sentence in a discourse or whether otherwise it maketh no matter It is said to be without any cough or retching in regard that what for the most part upon excretion or reaching is cast up out of the Thorax or breast is most properly called spittle and that sallivation or spawling that is cast forth and commeth away without the sâid stretching or retching The CAUSE is an excess and over great store of Spittle For if it be considered as it is Naturally in its Mediocrity so it is requisite by its mixture to prepare the meaâ while its masticated and chewed in the Mouth for the first Concoction to further and help the speech and to be the Vehicle of the several Tastes The CURE in general is to be directed towards and ordered unto the Corroboration of the Tonsils in regard that it is bred in the assistent Glandules on both sides the Tongue which they cal Tonsils by the concurrent heat of the Tongue and the other parts in the Mouth This is done with the Decoction of the Leaves of Myrtle Plantane and Alume c. Which are only to be kept and conteined in the Mouth and not to be Gargarized therewith lest that thereby more Flegm be attracted and drawn unto the Superfluous Spittle It is divided according to the Causes thereof One is from Causes External increasing the Spittle to wit that dangerous and pernitious anoynting with Quick-Silver ful feeding upon moist meats and excessive drinking And this ariseth and sheweth it self after meals Another from internal Causes to wit a waterish and Flegmatick Humor which 1. Somtimes falling down from the brain unto the Jaws mingleth it self together therewithal and then the same thing likewise is done and hapneth in the Relaxation or loosening of the Columella the inflamation and Ulcers of the Mouth The Cure is to be directed and ordered according to that of a Catarrh 2. And somtimes that that is heaped up in the Whol Body is transmitted thither and this most commonly happeneth in Infants 3. Somtimes it as it were sweareth out of the overmoist and empty Stomach and this especially after Chronical Diseases and then a regard is to be had unto the purging of the Stomach by Aloetick Medicaments Frankincense and Mastick taken in wine Meats wel sawced with Mustard and Diagalanga 4. Somtimes it proceedeth out of the Intestines as in Worms from the Spleen as in those that are afflicted with the Scurvy out of the Breast and Lungs c. Title X. Of the Affects of the Mouth Chap. 1. Of the Aphthae or Exulcerations of the Mouth AFfects of the Mouth properly so called are the exulcerations termed Aphthae and Faetor or the stinking of the Mouth and the Breath The Aphthae are certain Hot and Fiery Exulcerations in the highest part or Superficies of the Mouth that have in them somthing of heat There is in this case no need of SIGNS they are sufficiently known by the sight alone The CAUSES as wel External as internal shal be expressed and explained in the Differences The CURE is performed by Repulsion in the beginning with astriction and in