knee_n the_o use_n hereof_o in_o eight_o and_o twenty_o day_n do_v restore_v she_o to_o her_o former_a sense_n and_o perfect_o free_v she_o from_o that_o distraction_n so_o that_o she_o have_v never_o be_v trouble_v with_o it_o since_o the_o malignant_a fevor_n i_o former_o cure_v mrs._n lamot_n of_o who_o husband_n be_v a_o merchant_n in_o thames_n street_n near_o fishmonger_n hall_n and_o some_o week_n after_o a_o violent_a rhumatism_n follow_v which_o be_v remove_v by_o two_o bleeding_n and_o a_o dose_n or_o two_o of_o hydrotick_a pill_n be_v a_o far_a confirmation_n to_o i_o of_o the_o precede_a observation_n which_o to_o illustrate_v by_o a_o great_a number_n of_o instance_n i_o judge_n be_v needless_a and_o therefore_o shall_v proceed_v to_o recommend_v to_o you_o a_o remark_n of_o use_n so_o important_a that_o it_o may_v gain_v the_o physician_n repute_n and_o save_v the_o life_n of_o many_o patient_n the_o observation_n be_v such_o that_o it_o give_v i_o occasion_n to_o 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as_o sometime_o there_o be_v in_o malign_a fevor_n there_o either_o may_v be_v a_o defect_n of_o spirit_n or_o the_o spirit_n may_v be_v oppress_v by_o the_o malignity_n and_o in_o a_o manner_n render_v languid_a or_o drown_v by_o moisture_n too_o much_o abound_v then_o in_o this_o case_n putrid_a physician_n do_v commit_v a_o kill_a error_n in_o force_v the_o patient_n to_o swallow_v down_o their_o acid_a julep_n and_o apozem_n the_o indication_n desume_v hence_o do_v direct_v so_o subtle_a cordial_n as_o through_o their_o penetrability_n may_v insinuate_v into_o the_o most_o intime_fw-la effuges_fw-la of_o the_o body_n and_o disentangle_v the_o spirit_n from_o those_o malign_a particle_n that_o oppress_v they_o which_o do_v they_o will_v soon_o expel_v their_o malign_a enemy_n through_o the_o pore_n by_o sweat_n but_o since_o nothing_o can_v illustrate_v this_o point_n more_o than_o experience_n i_o will_v give_v you_o a_o most_o convince_a instance_n i_o be_v not_o long_o since_o 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the_o same_o manner_n if_o you_o pour_v some_o drop_n of_o those_o forementioned_a volatile_a liquor_n into_o a_o small_a quantity_n of_o blood_n though_o crude_a and_o phlegmatic_a you_o will_v digest_v it_o into_o laudable_a blood_n and_o preserve_v it_o warm_a and_o slorid_n but_o upon_o drop_v some_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n into_o it_o it_o turn_v immediate_o into_o a_o curd_n the_o serum_fw-la or_o whey_n be_v depress_v downward_o and_o assume_v a_o purple_a red_a colour_n spirit_n of_o nitre_n do_v pervert_v the_o redness_n into_o a_o whitish_a or_o ash_n colour_n but_o do_v not_o precipitate_v the_o whey_n suffer_v it_o to_o swim_v a_o top_n upon_o the_o further_a pursuit_n of_o the_o matter_n i_o drop_v a_o drop_n into_o a_o large_a proportion_n of_o blood_n almost_o coagulate_v whereby_o almost_o in_o a_o moment_n the_o tie_n of_o the_o coagulative_a particle_n be_v dissolve_v and_o endue_v with_o a_o shine_a lustre_n not_o at_o all_o inferior_a to_o the_o best_a digest_v blood_n 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most_o fierce_a heat_n the_o tongue_n and_o roof_n of_o the_o mouth_n be_v crust_v with_o a_o black_a smoke_n likewise_o from_o other_o symptom_n thence_o proceed_v as_o thirst_n dryness_n and_o roughness_n of_o the_o skin_n and_o inflammation_n of_o several_a part_n here_o the_o reader_n be_v to_o assume_v that_o the_o vital_a bitumen_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o whole_a body_n be_v kindle_v into_o a_o fire_n be_v the_o disease_n or_o fevor_n or_o rather_o that_o the_o fiery_a distemper_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o whole_a body_n or_o part_n be_v the_o disease_n but_o not_o the_o preternatural_a heat_n be_v that_n rather_o to_o be_v count_v a_o symptom_n immediate_o flow_v from_o the_o disease_n in_o no_o wise_a differ_v from_o the_o manner_n the_o heat_n emanate_n from_o the_o fire_n wherefore_o the_o definition_n which_o be_v extant_a among_o academic_a author_n as_o fernelius_n sennertus_n and_o other_o ought_v just_o to_o be_v reject_v to_o wit_n a_o fevor_n be_v a_o heat_n against_o nature_n kindle_v in_o the_o heart_n and_o from_o thence_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o spirit_n and_o blood_n diffuse_v throughout_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o do_v hurt_v to_o all_o the_o natural_a action_n the_o objection_n against_o this_o definition_n i_o offer_v you_o in_o these_o position_n first_o i_o assert_v that_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o fevor_n do_v in_o no_o wise_n consist_v in_o a_o universal_a heat_n nor_o second_o that_o the_o heat_n which_o attend_v a_o fevor_n do_v not_o altogether_o arise_v from_o spark_n glitter_v in_o the_o heart_n the_o argument_n that_o confirm_v the_o former_a be_v take_v from_o the_o genus_fw-la of_o a_o fevor_n which_o be_v state_v a_o disease_n but_o a_o disease_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o constitution_n of_o a_o part_n hurt_n or_o injure_v which_o kind_n of_o say_v do_v not_o at_o all_o agree_v with_o a_o preternatural_a heat_n that_o depend_v on_o the_o burn_a fix_a bitumen_n of_o a_o part_n or_o oft_o on_o miasm_n or_o steam_n blow_v from_o the_o heart_n the_o receptacle_n of_o the_o fire_n to_o all_o or_o most_o part_n of_o the_o body_n but_o those_o torrid_a miasm_n be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v for_o the_o disease_n but_o cause_n that_o in_o process_n of_o time_n through_o their_o heat_n may_v occasion_v a_o disease_n here_o may_v be_v offer_v a_o probable_a objection_n that_o a_o fevor_n be_v the_o kindle_v or_o heat_n of_o the_o influent_a spirit_n of_o each_o single_a or_o more_o part_n who_o hurt_n be_v to_o be_v impute_v immediate_o to_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o spirit_n whence_o a_o fevor_n may_v just_o be_v judge_v a_o heat_n hereunto_o must_v be_v reply_v that_o the_o name_n of_o a_o part_n of_o the_o body_n can_v in_o no_o wise_n be_v give_v to_o the_o spirit_n because_o they_o flow_v continual_o neither_o be_v they_o in_o any_o manner_n permanent_a but_o be_v assign_v for_o the_o animation_n and_o nutrition_n of_o the_o part_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n their_o distemper_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v take_v for_o a_o disease_n if_o notwithstanding_o the_o subversion_n of_o the_o temperament_n of_o a_o part_n shall_v flow_v from_o a_o tumult_n of_o the_o influent_a spirit_n and_o that_o thence_o they_o shall_v be_v incapable_a of_o perform_v their_o office_n nevertheless_o because_o it_o be_v a_o mediate_a affection_n and_o to_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o burn_a of_o the_o spirit_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v for_o a_o disease_n but_o a_o cause_n second_o if_o from_o the_o general_a opinion_n you_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o instance_n that_o the_o putrid_a heat_n of_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v a_o fevor_n to_o wit_v a_o continual_a putrid_a one_o suppose_v likewise_o that_o the_o say_a heat_n be_v rise_v out_o of_o the_o blood_n only_o be_v through_o its_o mean_n convey_v to_o the_o sanguine_a part_n i_o answer_v it_o ought_v not_o be_v
as_o appear_v here_o and_o there_o by_o the_o writing_n of_o galen_n and_o avicen_n notwithstanding_o i_o can_v scarce_o apprehend_v the_o foundation_n of_o these_o seat_n wherefore_o i_o desire_v to_o be_v satisfy_v in_o this_o doubt_n whether_o continual_a fevor_n be_v say_v to_o bud_v forth_o in_o the_o vein_n because_o the_o blood_n that_o leap_v out_o upon_o phlebotomy_n do_v appear_v hot_a to_o the_o touch_n and_o show_v deep_o red_a be_v mix_v with_o a_o blue_a milky_a or_o yellowish_a whey_n but_o this_o blood_n be_v not_o different_a from_o any_o other_o that_o be_v extract_v in_o a_o intermittent_a fevor_n or_o any_o other_o disease_n and_o whether_o the_o difference_n of_o seat_n be_v expound_v to_o be_v such_o because_o the_o blood_n within_o the_o vessel_n have_v a_o immediate_a commerce_n with_o the_o heart_n be_v capable_a to_o foment_n a_o strong_a heat_n whereas_o entrail_n that_o be_v more_o remote_a from_o the_o heart_n do_v only_o by_o fit_n profuse_a those_o putrid_a and_o feverish_a steam_n and_o under_o that_o shape_n do_v occasion_n a_o intermittent_a heat_n certain_o not_o moreover_o the_o entrail_n be_v tie_v to_o the_o vessel_n be_v not_o less_o commodious_o situate_v by_o mean_n of_o these_o small_a channel_n that_o tend_v direct_o to_o the_o heart_n to_o foment_n a_o feverish_a heat_n than_o if_o the_o cause_n be_v engender_v within_o the_o foresay_a vessel_n or_o whither_o because_o the_o vessel_n be_v of_o a_o just_a capacity_n wherein_o they_o may_v receive_v such_o a_o quantity_n of_o feverish_a matter_n as_o may_v suffice_v to_o nourish_v a_o fevor_n without_o intermission_n whereas_o the_o entrail_n be_v state_v to_o be_v straight_o and_o not_o provide_v with_o a_o hollowness_n to_o retain_v matter_n enough_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n the_o entrail_n according_a to_o what_o the_o thing_n require_v aught_o to_o ingurgitate_v a_o large_a quantity_n of_o matter_n which_o may_v suffice_v to_o protract_v a_o intermittent_a fevor_n to_o some_o month_n and_o year_n as_o do_v oft_o happen_v but_o to_o touch_v the_o knot_n of_o the_o difficulty_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o continuation_n intermission_n remission_n and_o intention_n of_o fevors_n be_v not_o to_o be_v impute_v so_o much_o to_o the_o quantity_n as_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o feverish_a matter_n as_o hereafter_o shall_v be_v treat_v more_o at_o large_a in_o the_o precited_a definition_n the_o heart_n be_v idle_o state_v the_o part_n primary_o affect_v for_o thence_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o fevors_n shall_v be_v mortal_a because_o the_o composure_n of_o its_o temperament_n be_v once_o subvert_v be_v not_o easy_o restore_v second_o suppose_v a_o inflammation_n of_o the_o liver_n or_o other_o entrail_n attend_v with_o a_o fevor_n which_o do_v you_o think_v the_o part_n primary_o affect_v the_o heart_n or_o liver_n chap._n v._o concern_v the_o foppery_n of_o fermentation_n almost_o every_o barber_n and_o plaster-spread_a have_v get_v the_o knack_n to_o buzz_v every_o patient_a in_o the_o ear_n the_o song_n of_o fermentation_n and_o know_v how_o to_o fit_v the_o tone_n of_o it_o to_o every_o disease_n but_o chief_o to_o a_o fevor_n illustrate_v the_o exposition_n thereof_o with_o this_o commentary_n that_o the_o blood_n ferment_v and_o the_o humour_n be_v in_o a_o fermentation_n likewise_o the_o ferment_n of_o the_o heart_n spleen_n liver_n and_o it_o may_v be_v of_o the_o fundament_n too_o if_o they_o go_v not_o orderly_o to_o stool_n be_v depravate_v moreover_o if_o a_o corn_n of_o the_o toe_n do_v but_o ache_v the_o distemper_a ferment_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o summary_o fit_v the_o word_n ferment_n to_o every_o disease_n cause_n and_o symptom_n they_o conceive_v the_o case_n to_o be_v very_o well_o handle_v and_o thence_o tell_v the_o patient_n they_o will_v expel_v the_o disease_n by_o correct_v the_o serment_n and_o so_o as_o if_o they_o have_v do_v their_o business_n mighty_a well_o they_o send_v the_o patient_a home_o swell_v with_o hope_n concern_v this_o abstruse_a philosophy_n borrow_v from_o certain_a theorem_n of_o the_o wine-press_n and_o chemical_a notion_n antonius_n guntherus_n theobaldius_fw-la hoghelandius_fw-la felicianus_fw-la betera_fw-la conringius_n martinus_n kirger_n and_o other_o have_v prosess_o treat_v who_o treatise_n if_o you_o peruse_v you_o will_v find_v the_o word_n fermentation_n to_o serve_v in_o divers_a signification_n the_o one_o in_o a_o large_a sense_n give_v the_o description_n of_o it_o not_o at_o all_o different_a from_o peripatetical_a mixtion_n except_v that_o this_o perform_v its_o task_n by_o quality_n the_o other_o by_o action_n and_o reaction_n but_o fermentation_n in_o a_o narrow_a signification_n as_o it_o relate_v to_o fluid_n be_v state_v a_o effervescency_n of_o any_o liquor_n tend_v to_o concoction_n at_o present_a we_o will_v examine_v whether_o a_o fevor_n be_v a_o fermentation_n or_o effervescency_n of_o the_o blood_n to_o the_o resolve_v of_o this_o we_o must_v resume_v from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n that_o a_o fevor_n as_o it_o be_v a_o disease_n of_o the_o body_n do_v necessary_o inhere_o in_o a_o part_n as_o its_o subject_n and_o foundation_n but_o the_o blood_n can_v perform_v the_o office_n of_o a_o part_n therefore_o neither_o a_o fevor_n or_o fermentation_n can_v be_v proper_o attribute_v to_o it_o second_o neither_o can_v the_o blood_n ferment_v be_v probable_o conceive_v to_o be_v the_o continent_n cause_n of_o a_o fevor_n because_o its_o fluid_a mixture_n be_v absorb_v in_o a_o few_o day_n whereas_o a_o fevor_n be_v protract_v to_o some_o week_n suppose_v a_o feverish_a patient_n to_o contain_v four_o and_o twenty_o pint_n of_o blood_n in_o his_o vessel_n whereof_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o pint_n be_v consume_v every_o day_n by_o abstinence_n and_o dissipate_v away_o through_o the_o pore_n into_o vapour_n and_o some_o day_n a_o whole_a pint_n or_o at_o least_o three_o quarter_n be_v draw_v off_o by_o phlebotomy_n for_o it_o be_v very_o familiar_a among_o the_o french_a the_o first_o and_o second_o open_v of_o a_o vein_n to_o extract_v a_o whole_a pint_n of_o blood_n and_o every_o bleed_a afterward_o which_o be_v common_o every_o other_o day_n to_o take_v away_o two_o porringer_n contain_v three_o ounce_n a_o piece_n by_o this_o computation_n the_o whole_a mass_n shall_v be_v draw_v off_o in_o two_o week_n or_o less_o and_o consequent_o the_o fermentation_n must_v be_v quiet_v and_o stop_v and_o the_o fevor_n expel_v but_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o you_o shall_v extract_v blood_n forty_o time_n as_o i_o have_v oft_o observe_v in_o france_n they_o have_v do_v the_o height_n of_o the_o heat_n will_v not_o be_v half_o a_o degree_n abate_v but_o rather_o augment_v who_o will_v then_o maintain_v the_o blood_n boil_v through_o fermentation_n to_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o a_o fevor_n however_o this_o experiment_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v true_a if_o you_o take_v off_o the_o three_o part_n of_o any_o liquor_n that_o be_v a_o ferment_a whether_o of_o wine_n beer_n or_o any_o other_o mixture_n it_o will_v immediate_o be_v take_v off_o from_o work_v but_o ofttimes_o the_o blood_n be_v tap_v off_o to_o the_o half_a and_o sometime_o to_o the_o last_o four_o part_n without_o the_o least_o quiet_v of_o the_o fermentation_n if_o i_o may_v call_v it_o so_o possible_o you_o reply_v that_o according_a as_o the_o vessel_n be_v empty_v by_o bleed_v sweat_a and_o other_o torment_n they_o swell_v up_o again_o by_o the_o food_n and_o drink_n that_o be_v daily_o take_v on_o the_o contrary_a there_o be_v a_o thin_a diet_n order_v to_o such_o as_o be_v in_o a_o fevor_n neither_o do_v most_o in_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o a_o fevor_n allow_v their_o stomach_n so_o much_o as_o whereout_o the_o sanguifick_a faculty_n may_v engender_v a_o pound_n of_o blood_n add_v hereunto_o that_o their_o appetite_n for_o fourteen_o or_o twenty_o day_n be_v quite_o deject_a but_o you_o reply_v that_o they_o take_v as_o much_o food_n as_o answers_z what_o be_v consume_v to_o this_o i_o return_v that_o the_o blood_n which_o be_v daily_o engender_v and_o new_o admit_v into_o the_o vessel_n either_o it_o be_v pure_a or_o stain_v if_o the_o former_a than_o it_o ought_v to_o dilute_v and_o temperate_a the_o ferment_a mass_n which_o it_o do_v in_o no_o manner_n do_v if_o the_o late_a it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o that_o it_o have_v contract_v its_o stain_n from_o the_o concoct_n and_o depurate_v entrail_n whence_o follow_v that_o the_o primar_n and_o principal_a cause_n be_v not_o to_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o blood_n but_o the_o entrail_n three_o it_o be_v confirm_v by_o experience_n that_o fermentation_n do_v happen_v to_o any_o mix_a liquor_n and_o soft_a composition_n as_o paste_v or_o dough_n electuary_n and_o other_o which_o be_v observe_v to_o be_v a_o mild_a work_n of_o
naturae_fw-la quia_fw-la aut_fw-la curabit_fw-la eam_fw-la aut_fw-la manifestabit_fw-la eam_fw-la that_o be_v when_o you_o do_v not_o know_v the_o disease_n leave_v it_o to_o nature_n because_o either_o she_o will_v cure_v it_o or_o discover_v it_o also_o they_o will_v contribute_v far_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o ease_n of_o the_o sick_a by_o expect_v with_o hypocrates_n the_o crisis_n than_o by_o a_o thousand_o trick_n to_o circumvent_v nature_n for_o if_o they_o can_v do_v no_o good_a let_v they_o do_v no_o harm_n at_o least_o but_o now_o it_o be_v i_o be_o at_o leisure_n particular_o to_o set_v down_o the_o order_n of_o this_o lazy_a practice_n those_o that_o reject_v glister_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o a_o fevor_n because_o they_o shall_v not_o blunt_v the_o edge_n of_o the_o ferment_n too_o much_o do_v not_o at_o all_o perform_v their_o duty_n in_o the_o right_a administer_a of_o thing_n since_o the_o rubbish_n of_o the_o body_n that_o be_v lodge_v about_o the_o turn_n and_o wind_n of_o the_o gut_n and_o the_o hide_a place_n of_o the_o mesentery_n not_o be_v expel_v do_v either_o by_o profuse_v steam_n into_o the_o vessel_n very_o remarkable_o increase_v the_o heat_n or_o by_o putrid_a particle_n creep_v into_o the_o blood_n be_v apt_a to_o kindle_v the_o fevor_n this_o rubbish_n because_o it_o be_v incapable_a of_o be_v concoct_v and_o be_v lodge_v without_o the_o vessel_n do_v easy_o yield_v to_o a_o gentle_a laxative_a potion_n or_o purge_v glyster_n without_o any_o fear_n of_o increase_v the_o heat_n but_o since_o people_n here_o be_v such_o immoderate_a devourer_n of_o flesh_n that_o the_o belly_n be_v the_o sink_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n must_v needs_o abound_v with_o sordid_a excrement_n be_v not_o a_o laxative_a purge_n or_o cathartick_a glyster_n very_o necessary_a but_o it_o must_v be_v give_v in_o the_o first_o precede_v day_n or_o afterward_o the_o great_a part_n of_o that_o filth_n and_o dirt_n be_v carry_v away_o into_o the_o vessel_n by_o the_o rapid_a torrent_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o therefore_o all_o purge_n be_v to_o be_v set_v aside_o for_o hereby_o nature_n will_v else_o be_v draw_v from_o its_o work_n with_o a_o great_a disturbance_n and_o that_o without_o the_o least_o benefit_n neither_o be_v that_o i_o have_v propose_v just_a now_o contrary_a to_o hypocrates_n as_o you_o may_v observe_v aphor._n 10._o â—â—b_n 4._o in_o acutis_fw-la passionibus_fw-la eadem_fw-la die_fw-la si_fw-la fiâ—i_fw-la potest_fw-la medicandum_fw-la nam_fw-la in_o his_o cunâ—ari_fw-la malum_fw-la est_fw-la that_o be_v in_o all_o acute_a passion_n you_o must_v give_v physic_n the_o same_o day_n if_o possible_a for_o to_o tarry_v be_v hurtful_a also_o aphor._n 29._o lib._n 2._o and_o in_o aphor._n 30._o lib._n 1._o he_o give_v the_o reason_n for_o it_o circa_n initia_fw-la omne_fw-la debiliora_fw-la &_o in_o statu_fw-la omne_fw-la fortiora_fw-la quae_fw-la purgationem_fw-la fieri_fw-la impediunt_fw-la that_o be_v about_o the_o beginning_n all_o thing_n be_v at_o weak_a and_o about_o the_o state_n at_o the_o strong_a which_o hinder_v that_o a_o purge_n shall_v be_v give_v second_o all_o body_n that_o be_v inclinable_a to_o fevor_n or_o be_v feverish_a be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o the_o beginning_n oppress_v with_o a_o plethora_n ad_fw-la vires_fw-la or_o a_o fullness_n of_o the_o vessel_n more_o than_o their_o strength_n can_v bear_v whereby_o the_o spirit_n be_v pinch_v and_o through_o too_o great_a a_o condensation_n grow_v vehement_o hot_a the_o circulation_n grow_v slug_n and_o dull_a and_o be_v carry_v in_o a_o disorderly_a motion_n and_o the_o pore_n be_v stop_v how_o urgent_a be_v the_o case_n then_o that_o some_o blood_n be_v take_v away_o immediate_o thence_o the_o spirit_n will_v be_v able_a to_o bestir_v themselves_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o blood_n from_o irregular_a will_v become_v regular_a the_o passage_n of_o the_o skin_n will_v be_v more_o free_a and_o the_o heat_n will_v be_v moderate_v but_o since_o it_o be_v not_o seldom_o that_o a_o fevor_n be_v subdue_v by_o the_o first_o bleed_v though_o not_o to_o a_o absolute_a extinction_n of_o the_o fiery_a heat_n the_o spark_n raise_v the_o flame_n again_o the_o blood_n do_v swell_v up_o a_o new_a and_o run_v violent_o up_o and_o down_o reason_n do_v like_o wise_a advice_n that_o the_o vein_n be_v 〈◊〉_d be_v deplenisht_v the_o second_o time_n that_o we_o may_v arrive_v to_o the_o same_o effect_n but_o those_o that_o endeavour_v to_o venture_v the_o open_n of_o a_o vein_n e_o third_z time_n do_v unpunished_a make_v a_o playgame_n of_o a_o man_n blood_n for_o there_o be_v not_o so_o great_a a_o benefit_n reap_v this_o three_o bleed_v as_o there_o be_v by_o the_o two_o former_a as_o i_o have_v find_v by_o a_o thousand_o trial_n but_o the_o spirit_n and_o force_n of_o the_o sick_a be_v barbarous_o destroy_v by_o take_v away_o their_o due_a food_n and_o nourishment_n and_o quite_o ruine_v their_o base_a and_o foundation_n for_o they_o 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