happen_v so_o that_o all_o the_o world_n declare_v they_o to_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o fortune_n we_o may_v plain_o see_v that_o there_o be_v such_o thing_n as_o fortune_n and_o chance_n for_o we_o know_v very_o well_o both_o that_o the_o thing_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v the_o work_n of_o fortune_n and_o that_o what_o fortune_n do_v be_v always_o of_o this_o nature_n this_o manner_n of_o argument_n suppose_v the_o common_a form_n of_o speak_v to_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o true_a and_o false_a and_o that_o a_o man_n may_v conclude_v from_o word_n to_o thing_n which_o in_o a_o philosopher_n be_v a_o most_o ridiculous_a imagination_n for_o what_o be_v more_o common_a than_o for_o the_o people_n to_o entertain_v false_a notion_n of_o thing_n and_o for_o the_o way_n of_o express_v themselves_o suit_v to_o their_o notion_n to_o be_v very_o improper_a and_o distant_a from_o the_o truth_n afterward_o he_o say_v that_o when_o any_o thing_n of_o advantage_n happen_v to_o a_o man_n by_o accident_n this_o be_v such_o a_o thing_n as_o we_o call_v the_o effect_n of_o fortune_n or_o chance_n for_o example_n a_o man_n go_v to_o a_o place_n whither_o he_o do_v not_o use_v to_o go_v and_o where_o he_o shall_v receive_v money_n though_o at_o that_o time_n he_o go_v not_o thither_o with_o any_o such_o design_n if_o he_o receive_v money_n there_o we_o say_v that_o he_o go_v thither_o and_o receive_v it_o by_o chance_n he_o pretend_v again_o that_o herein_o fortune_n and_o chance_n differ_v fortune_n be_v not_o proper_o concern_v except_o in_o the_o action_n of_o such_o being_n as_o act_v upon_o a_o principle_n of_o choice_n whereas_o chance_n take_v place_n in_o the_o effect_n of_o cause_n which_o do_v not_o act_v by_o choice_n i_o know_v not_o whether_o this_o difference_n be_v constant_o observe_v in_o common_a speech_n but_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o those_o body_n be_v call_v automata_n which_o be_v think_v to_o move_v of_o themselves_o thus_o this_o philosopher_n imagine_v he_o have_v define_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o cause_n in_o physics_n while_o he_o only_o define_v the_o word_n by_o which_o people_n use_v to_o express_v themselves_o for_o he_o pretend_v that_o chance_n have_v a_o great_a hand_n in_o form_v the_o universe_n which_o be_v a_o most_o absurd_a fancy_n and_o more_o become_v a_o clown_n or_o a_o idiot_n than_o a_o philosopher_n as_o we_o shall_v see_v by_o and_o by_o the_o latin_n who_o put_v no_o such_o distinction_n between_o fortuna_n and_o casus_fw-la define_v they_o thus_o lot_n chance_n fortune_n event_n what_o else_o be_v all_o this_o but_o a_o thing_n be_v fall_v out_o after_o one_o particular_a manner_n when_o it_o may_v either_o not_o have_v happen_v at_o all_o or_o have_v happen_v after_o quite_o another_o manner_n than_o it_o have_v do_v quid_fw-la est_fw-la aliud_fw-la sors_z quid_fw-la fortuna_fw-la quid_fw-la casus_fw-la quid_fw-la eventus_fw-la nisi_fw-la cum_fw-la sic_fw-la aliquid_fw-la accidit_fw-la sic_fw-la euênit_fw-la 6._o de_fw-fr diu._n nat._n l._n 2._o c._n 6._o ut_fw-la vel_fw-la non_fw-la cadere_fw-la atque_fw-la evenire_fw-la vel_fw-la aliter_fw-la cadere_fw-la atque_fw-la evenire_fw-la potuerit_fw-la a_o man_n that_o read_v these_o definition_n of_o fortune_n will_v be_v apt_a to_o think_v by_o some_o part_n of_o they_o that_o the_o ancient_n do_v mean_v something_o by_o it_o and_o yet_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n to_o suspect_v that_o they_o have_v no_o notion_n at_o all_o of_o the_o matter_n aristotle_n be_v express_v that_o the_o common_a way_n of_o speak_v prove_v fortune_n and_o chance_n to_o be_v something_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o if_o they_o be_v something_o what_o sort_n of_o thing_n be_v they_o be_v they_o spirit_n be_v they_o body_n be_v they_o of_o some_o different_a nature_n aristotle_n in_o his_o six_o chapter_n of_o the_o second_o book_n of_o physics_n distinguish_v they_o plain_o from_o spirit_n and_o body_n and_o i_o e._n body_n nature_n for_o these_o he_o say_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o thing_n essential_o and_o per_fw-la se_fw-la these_o two_o last_o cause_n he_o own_v do_v at_o first_o produce_v the_o heaven_n and_o all_o the_o material_a world_n but_o yet_o he_o say_v that_o when_o all_o this_o be_v do_v a_o thousand_o thing_n be_v effect_v by_o chance_n afterward_o but_o still_o he_o do_v not_o inform_v we_o what_o this_o pretend_a cause_n be_v consider_v in_o itself_o for_o in_o truth_n he_o know_v not_o what_o he_o mean_v by_o it_o himself_o and_o one_o may_v see_v he_o do_v not_o by_o his_o quote_v the_o common_a form_n of_o speech_n explain_v the_o word_n by_o the_o use_n of_o it_o but_o never_o give_v any_o definition_n of_o fortune_n he_o do_v indeed_o disallow_v that_o notion_n of_o some_o who_o make_v fortune_n a_o real_a cause_n but_o such_o as_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n know_v nothing_o of_o because_o too_o divine_a a_o thing_n for_o man_n to_o comprehend_v it_o but_o all_o that_o he_o do_v be_v only_o tell_v we_o the_o occasion_n how_o this_o word_n grow_v so_o general_o into_o use_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n not_o to_o mention_v the_o poet_n and_o their_o modes_n of_o speech_n which_o may_v be_v accuse_v of_o too_o great_a liberty_n in_o fiction_n the_o temple_n which_o in_o several_a place_n be_v dedicate_v to_o good_a or_o ill_a fortune_n seem_v to_o say_v that_o this_o be_v general_o repute_v a_o deity_n for_o certain_o man_n must_v be_v mad_a to_o the_o last_o degree_n who_o shall_v go_v about_o to_o build_v temple_n address_v their_o prayer_n and_o praise_n and_o offer_v sacrifice_n to_o any_o but_o god_n that_o be_v such_o as_o they_o believe_v to_o have_v a_o divine_a and_o much_o more_o a_o actual_a existence_n now_o this_o reason_v be_v certain_o conclusive_a do_v man_n always_o speak_v and_o act_v consistent_o but_o as_o it_o be_v they_o often_o speak_v word_n which_o they_o do_v not_o understand_v and_o do_v many_o thing_n when_o they_o know_v not_o what_o they_o do_v tullus_n hostilius_n build_v a_o temple_n to_o fear_n and_o paleness_n other_o erect_v temple_n to_o the_o mind_n to_o virtue_n 1._o pallori_fw-la &_o pavori_fw-la liu._n l._n 1._o c._n 27._o cic._n de_fw-fr nat._n deor._n l._n 2._o lactan._n l._n 1._o to_o honour_n to_o piety_n to_o fidelity_n to_o hope_n to_o chastity_n to_o concord_n to_o peace_n to_o rest_n to_o safety_n to_o fortune_n to_o liberty_n etc._n etc._n other_o again_o be_v consecrate_v to_o to_o the_o fever_n to_o the_o year_n the_o month_n to_o art_n to_o poverty_n to_o old_a age_n to_o death_n now_o i_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n persuade_v myself_o that_o the_o ancient_n believe_v all_o these_o thing_n to_o be_v thing_n actual_o exist_v but_o they_o know_v not_o what_o they_o do_v when_o they_o build_v such_o temple_n and_o therefore_o the_o action_n of_o man_n will_v give_v we_o no_o sure_a ground_n of_o argue_v from_o they_o than_o their_o word_n and_o common_a talk_n will_n nay_o some_o among_o they_o be_v well_o aware_a that_o when_o man_n talk_v of_o fortune_n they_o talk_v of_o a_o thing_n they_o do_v not_o understand_v democritus_n say_v man_n form_v to_o themselves_o a_o phantom_n of_o fortune_n 27._o euseb_n praep._n eu._n l._n fourteen_o 27._o only_o for_o a_o cover_n to_o their_o ignorance_n this_o passage_n be_v likewise_o quote_v from_o a_o comedy_n of_o philemon_n there_o be_v no_o such_o deity_n as_o man_n call_v fortune_n no_o no_o such_o matter_n all_o thing_n happen_v by_o chance_n and_o that_o which_o the_o world_n call_v fortune_n be_v any_o thing_n that_o happen_v to_o man_n without_o be_v able_a to_o give_v a_o reason_n why_o it_o shall_v do_v so_o so_o again_o tully_n the_o cause_n under_o the_o governance_n of_o fortune_n be_v secret_a for_o every_o thing_n must_v have_v its_o cause_n 17._o cic._n top._n c._n 17._o but_o whatever_o be_v effect_v by_o a_o hide_a cause_n and_o by_o a_o method_n which_o we_o can_v account_v for_o this_o be_v proper_o a_o effect_n of_o fortune_n and_o juvenal_n tell_v we_o x._o sat._n x._o that_o fortune_n be_v only_o a_o goddess_n in_o fiction_n and_o of_o man_n make_v nullum_fw-la numen_fw-la abest_fw-la si_fw-la sit_fw-la prudentia_fw-la sed_fw-la te_fw-la nos_fw-la facimus_fw-la fortuna_fw-la deam_fw-la caeloque_fw-la locamus_fw-la fortune_fw-mi be_v never_o worship_v by_o the_o wise_a but_o set_v aloft_o by_o fool_n usurp_v the_o sky_n thus_o you_o see_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o these_o heathen_a writer_n that_o the_o word_n fortune_n signify_v nothing_o at_o all_o though_o some_o pretend_a that_o it_o import_v a_o real_a existence_n i_o shall_v clear_v this_o point_n by_o inquire_v into_o the_o thing_n itself_o when_o i_o have_v first_o produce_v two_o passage_n of_o christian_a author_n who_o expose_v and_o confute_v the_o worshipper_n of_o fortune_n and_o be_v of_o my_o opinion_n that_o this_o
word_n signify_v nothing_o the_o former_a of_o these_o be_v lactantius_n who_o argue_v thus_o fortune_n in_o itself_o be_v nothing_o we_o be_v not_o to_o suppose_v that_o the_o word_n denote_v any_o thing_n of_o real_a existence_n 29._o inst_z divin_n l._n 3._o c._n 29._o take_v it_o in_o what_o sense_n you_o please_v fortune_n be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o event_n which_o be_v sudden_a and_o unexpected_a but_o the_o philosopher_n that_o they_o may_v not_o fail_v to_o mistake_v in_o every_o thing_n pretend_v to_o be_v very_o wise_a in_o a_o trifle_a matter_n those_o i_o mean_v who_o change_v the_o sex_n of_o fortune_n and_o will_v needs_o have_v it_o a_o god_n and_o not_o a_o goddess_n the_o same_o deity_n they_o call_v sometime_o nature_n and_o sometime_o fortune_n because_o as_o cicero_n observe_v it_o effect_n many_o thing_n which_o we_o do_v not_o expect_v by_o reason_n of_o our_o ignorance_n in_o the_o cause_n that_o produce_v they_o and_o not_o know_v the_o reason_n why_o a_o thing_n happen_v man_n must_v needs_o be_v ignorant_a what_o it_o be_v that_o bring_v it_o about_o the_o same_o author_n in_o a_o very_a serious_a tract_n where_o he_o give_v his_o son_n rule_v draw_v from_o philosophy_n to_o govern_v he_o in_o his_o behaviour_n who_o say_v he_o do_v not_o know_v that_o the_o power_n of_o fortune_n be_v great_a which_o side_n soever_o she_o take_v for_o when_o she_o oppose_v we_o we_o be_v certain_o worsted_n lactantius_n after_o some_o reflection_n upon_o cicero_n which_o be_v not_o much_o to_o the_o matter_n now_o in_o hand_n proceed_v in_o this_o manner_n who_o do_v not_o know_v say_v he_o for_o my_o part_n i_o know_v no_o such_o thing_n let_v he_o show_v i_o if_o he_o can_v what_o that_o power_n be_v what_o be_v the_o favour_n of_o fortune_n and_o what_o her_o opposition_n to_o we_o it_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n for_o the_o reputation_n of_o a_o man_n of_o wit_n and_o part_n to_o lay_v down_o a_o thing_n for_o grant_v which_o if_o one_o deny_v he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o make_v out_o the_o other_o author_n which_o i_o shall_v produce_v upon_o this_o occasion_n be_v i._o be_v de_fw-fr cons_n phil._n l._n 1._o pros_n i._o boethius_n who_o style_n in_o beauty_n be_v equal_a to_o that_o of_o lactantius_n and_o his_o reason_v be_v much_o before_o his._n if_o any_o one_o say_v philosophy_n with_o who_o boethius_n be_v hold_v a_o dialogue_n define_v a_o accidental_a event_n casum_fw-la and_o such_o as_o be_v not_o produce_v by_o any_o connexion_n of_o cause_n i_o assert_v that_o chance_n be_v nothing_o in_o the_o world_n that_o it_o be_v a_o empty_a word_n without_o any_o sense_n or_o signification_n at_o all_o for_o where_o can_v chance_n find_v a_o place_n in_o thing_n which_o god_n keep_v in_o a_o regular_a method_n there_o be_v no_o great_a truth_n than_o that_o nothing_o can_v come_v out_o of_o nothing_o not_o one_o of_o the_o ancient_n ever_o contradict_v this_o maxim_n though_o they_o understand_v it_o not_o of_o the_o efficient_a but_o the_o material_a cause_n now_o if_o a_o thing_n be_v produce_v without_o a_o cause_n that_o thing_n will_v come_v out_o of_o nothing_o but_o if_o this_o can_v be_v than_o neither_o can_v there_o be_v such_o a_o thing_n as_o chance_n according_a to_o our_o definition_n of_o it_o well_o but_o reply_v boethius_n be_v there_o then_o nothing_o which_o we_o can_v proper_o call_v fortuitous_a or_o casual_a or_o be_v there_o somewhat_o to_o which_o these_o name_n belong_v though_o the_o vulgar_a know_v it_o not_o aristotle_n say_v philosophy_n have_v clear_v this_o difficulty_n in_o few_o word_n in_o his_o book_n of_o physics_n and_o come_v very_o near_o to_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o matter_n what_o i_o pray_v be_v his_o resolution_n of_o the_o case_n say_v boethius_n when_o any_o thing_n be_v do_v with_o a_o certain_a design_n reply_n philosophy_n and_o some_o other_o thing_n different_a from_o that_o which_o be_v intend_v do_v for_o other_o cause_n happen_v this_o thing_n so_o beside_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o agent_n be_v what_o we_o call_v a_o fortuitous_a or_o casual_a event_n as_o if_o a_o man_n for_o instance_n in_o dig_v his_o ground_n with_o a_o design_n to_o cultivate_v it_o shall_v find_v a_o pot_n of_o gold_n hide_v there_o we_o say_v this_o be_v casual_a but_o yet_o it_o have_v a_o real_a and_o proper_a cause_n and_o the_o unforeseen_a and_o unexpected_a concurrence_n of_o such_o cause_n form_n that_o which_o be_v term_v a_o casual_a event_n if_o he_o who_o cultivate_v his_o ground_n have_v not_o dig_v it_o or_o if_o he_o who_o bury_v this_o treasure_n have_v not_o lay_v it_o in_o that_o place_n the_o gold_n have_v not_o be_v find_v as_o it_o be_v these_o than_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o that_o accidental_a gain_n which_o happen_v to_o the_o man_n by_o this_o concurrence_n of_o they_o altogether_o foreign_a from_o the_o design_n which_o he_o propose_v to_o himself_o in_o dig_v his_o ground_n the_o remainder_n of_o this_o argument_n may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o original_a for_o i_o can_v agree_v with_o boethius_n in_o every_o branch_n of_o it_o but_o this_o prove_v that_o if_o the_o ancient_n use_v the_o word_n of_o fortune_n or_o chance_n to_o denote_v any_o unknown_a be_v which_o act_v without_o any_o rule_n and_o which_o be_v neither_o a_o spiritual_a nor_o a_o bodily_a substance_n they_o know_v not_o their_o own_o meaning_n and_o yet_o thus_o i_o have_v show_v that_o aristotle_n use_v they_o whatever_o boethius_n say_v here_o to_o bring_v he_o off_o let_v we_o now_o consider_v the_o thing_n in_o itself_o and_o in_o order_n to_o discern_v what_o sense_n these_o word_n fortune_n and_o chance_n be_v capable_a of_o we_o must_v remember_v that_o there_o be_v only_o two_o sort_n of_o being_n which_o we_o know_v of_o that_o can_v contribute_v to_o any_o thing_n that_o befall_v we_o the_o first_o sort_n consist_v of_o body_n which_o act_v alone_o and_o without_o the_o interposition_n of_o any_o other_o cause_n leave_v no_o room_n for_o fortune_n or_o chance_n because_o they_o act_n by_o fix_a unalterable_a rule_n of_o mechanism_n as_o all_o who_o have_v the_o least_o knowledge_n of_o mechanic_n and_o natural_a philosophy_n be_v abundant_o satisfy_v the_o common_a people_n indeed_o say_v a_o body_n fall_v of_o itself_o when_o no_o man_n nor_o any_o sensible_a cause_n that_o come_v under_o our_o observation_n throw_v it_o down_o as_o when_o fruit_n fall_v from_o a_o tree_n or_o a_o tile_n from_o the_o roof_n of_o a_o house_n without_o any_o pull_n or_o blast_v of_o wind_n to_o blow_v it_o down_o and_o it_o be_v a_o very_a usual_a thing_n to_o say_v such_o thing_n fall_v of_o themselves_o or_o by_o chance_n but_o it_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n true_a that_o nothing_o interpose_v and_o that_o no_o external_a cause_n contribute_v to_o that_o fall_n the_o air_n and_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o body_n not_o to_o mention_v several_a other_o cause_n that_o may_v concur_v occasion_v their_o fall_n a_o body_n will_v continue_v for_o ever_o in_o the_o same_o state_n do_v not_o some_o cause_n from_o without_o make_v a_o alteration_n this_o be_v a_o axiom_n in_o natural_a philosophy_n which_o i_o need_v not_o here_o go_v about_o to_o prove_v the_o second_o sort_n of_o being_n be_v what_o we_o call_v spirit_n who_o among_o several_a other_o faculty_n belong_v to_o they_o be_v endue_v with_o liberty_n which_o they_o exercise_v upon_o infinite_a occasion_n they_o can_v at_o any_o time_n do_v or_o not_o do_v what_o they_o do_v they_o can_v do_v it_o after_o this_o or_o that_o manner_n they_o determine_v themselves_o in_o doubtful_a or_o indifferent_a case_n or_o what_o they_o look_v upon_o to_o be_v such_o by_o humour_n and_o fancy_n without_o any_o other_o reason_n but_o that_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o act_v so_o or_o so_o and_o without_o the_o interposition_n of_o any_o thing_n that_o shall_v necessary_o engage_v their_o judgement_n or_o their_o will._n without_o trouble_v my_o reader_n with_o a_o long_a lecture_n of_o metaphysic_n i_o appeal_v to_o every_o man_n be_v own_o sense_n and_o experience_n and_o be_o entire_o persuade_v that_o all_o who_o will_v speak_v true_o what_o they_o feel_v within_o themselves_o in_o innumerable_a instance_n of_o humane_a life_n will_v agree_v that_o what_o i_o have_v say_v be_v the_o very_a truth_n of_o the_o case_n in_o this_o respect_n it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o the_o free_a determination_n of_o a_o spiritual_a substance_n be_v a_o effect_n of_o chance_n because_o it_o do_v not_o proceed_v from_o any_o necessary_a cause_n and_o in_o regard_n spirit_n act_n much_o upon_o body_n the_o intervening_a of_o these_o operation_n produce_v somewhat_o casual_a in_o those_o motion_n which_o otherwise_o will_v not_o be_v at_o all_o we_o will_v put_v the_o
the_o value_n of_o his_o kindness_n how_o pleasant_a how_o grateful_a how_o oblige_v a_o thing_n be_v it_o to_o see_v a_o man_n give_v and_o not_o bear_v to_o be_v thank_v for_o give_v quà m_fw-la dulcâ—_fw-la quà m_fw-la pretâ—â—sum_fw-la est_fw-la si_fw-la gratias_fw-la sibi_fw-la agi_fw-la non_fw-la passus_fw-la est_fw-la vi_fw-la cap._n vi_fw-la qui_fw-la dedit_fw-la a_o second_o mark_v of_o true_a liberality_n be_v seldom_o to_o mention_v the_o good_a it_o have_v do_v and_o in_o some_o sort_n to_o make_v the_o favour_n fresh_a by_o forget_v it_o as_o he_o that_o have_v receive_v a_o kindness_n shall_v never_o forget_v or_o cease_v to_o publish_v it_o so_o he_o that_o have_v do_v one_o shall_v no_o more_o speak_v of_o it_o than_o if_o he_o know_v of_o no_o such_o thing_n this_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o good_a turn_n x._o cap._n x._o the_o giver_n shall_v forget_v what_o he_o have_v give_v and_o the_o receiver_n shall_v always_o remember_v what_o he_o have_v receive_v haec_fw-la beneficii_fw-la inter_fw-la dvos_fw-la lex_fw-la est_fw-la alter_fw-la statim_fw-la debet_fw-la oblivisci_fw-la dati_fw-la alter_fw-la acceptinunquam_fw-la but_o they_o that_o do_v good_a only_o to_o be_v talk_v of_o never_o let_v any_o occasion_n slip_n of_o make_v their_o own_o panegyric_n if_o the_o person_n oblige_v by_o they_o fail_v in_o their_o compliment_n they_o take_v care_n to_o refresh_v their_o memory_n often_o and_o sometime_o even_o reproach_v their_o insensibility_n seneca_n say_v that_o a_o friend_n of_o augustus_n have_v save_v a_o man_n life_n xi_o cap._n xi_o during_o the_o propscription_n of_o the_o triumvirate_n tell_v he_o of_o it_o so_o often_o that_o the_o other_o at_o last_o can_v not_o forbear_v cry_v out_o for_o god_n sake_n deliver_v i_o up_o to_o caesar_n how_o long_o must_v i_o hear_v those_o upbrade_a word_n you_o owe_v your_o life_n to_o i_o upon_o which_o passage_n seneca_n paraphrase_v thus_o if_o you_o will_v let_v i_o remember_v it_o when_o i_o please_v i_o will_v own_o my_o life_n your_o gift_n but_o if_o i_o must_v remember_v it_o whenever_o you_o please_v this_o very_a thing_n be_v death_n to_o i_o if_o you_o preserve_v i_o only_o that_o you_o may_v have_v a_o man_n to_o carry_v about_o and_o show_v for_o one_o of_o your_o own_o save_n i_o be_o not_o at_o all_o oblige_v to_o you_o when_o do_v you_o intend_v to_o leave_v off_o carry_v i_o about_o for_o a_o sight_n must_v i_o never_o be_v allow_v to_o forget_v my_o ill_a fortune_n istud_fw-la si_fw-la meo_fw-la arbitrio_fw-la memini_fw-la vitaest_n si_fw-la tuo_fw-la mors_fw-la est_fw-la nihil_fw-la tibi_fw-la debeo_fw-la si_fw-la i_o servasti_fw-la ut_fw-la haberes_fw-la quem_fw-la ostenderes_fw-la quousque_fw-la i_o circumducis_fw-la quousque_fw-la oblivisci_fw-la fortunae_fw-la meae_fw-la non_fw-la sinis_fw-la after_o which_o he_o lay_v down_o these_o direction_n pertinent_a to_o the_o matter_n now_o in_o hand_n we_o shall_v not_o make_v our_o kindness_n the_o subject_n of_o conversation_n he_o that_o rub_v up_o the_o man_n he_o have_v oblige_v call_v his_o favour_n in_o again_o he_o must_v not_o press_v or_o refresh_v his_o memory_n except_o by_o some_o repeat_v instance_n of_o liberality_n we_o shall_v not_o talk_v of_o it_o to_o other_o let_v the_o benefactor_n be_v silent_a and_o let_v the_o person_n oblige_v by_o he_o be_v leave_v to_o declare_v his_o engagement_n else_o that_o answer_n will_v be_v very_o proper_a which_o a_o certain_a person_n give_v to_o a_o man_n boast_v how_o much_o he_o have_v do_v for_o he_o will_v you_o say_v he_o have_v the_o confidence_n to_o prentend_v that_o i_o have_v not_o discharge_v that_o obligation_n when_o i_o pray_v say_v he_o over_o and_o over_o reply_v the_o other_o even_o as_o often_o and_o in_o as_o many_o place_n as_o you_o have_v brag_v of_o it_o what_o need_n be_v there_o of_o mention_v these_o thing_n why_o shall_v you_o take_v another_o man_n duty_n upon_o yourself_o there_o be_v one_o that_o can_v do_v this_o much_o more_o decent_o than_o you_o and_o every_o time_n he_o speak_v your_o silence_n will_v be_v commend_v i_o refer_v my_o reader_n to_o the_o author_n for_o the_o original_a expression_n where_o he_o will_v find_v a_o great_a deal_n which_o it_o will_v not_o consist_v with_o my_o intend_a brevity_n to_o transplant_v into_o this_o treatise_n after_o this_o i_o need_v not_o say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o three_o mark_v of_o true_a generosity_n not_o to_o require_v any_o return_n except_o a_o man_n be_v drive_v to_o such_o circumstance_n as_o to_o stand_v in_o great_a need_n of_o they_o for_o otherwise_o this_o be_v not_o liberality_n but_o traffic_n and_o exchange_n and_o hence_o arise_v a_o four_o character_n of_o a_o true_o liberal_a mind_n which_o be_v never_o to_o repent_v of_o the_o good_a we_o have_v do_v nor_o to_o be_v dissatisfy_v with_o the_o discharge_n of_o that_o duty_n god_n and_o nature_n require_v of_o we_o though_o it_o shall_v happen_v that_o we_o be_v pay_v with_o great_a ingratitude_n and_o ingrateful_a behaviour_n be_v in_o itself_o so_o very_o shock_v a_o thing_n the_o only_a cause_n for_o dissatisfaction_n in_o this_o case_n be_v the_o injury_n such_o people_n do_v to_o themselves_o and_o a_o concern_v to_o see_v they_o in_o a_o condition_n of_o mind_n so_o very_o displease_v to_o god_n and_o so_o just_o detest_v by_o men._n one_o proof_n of_o this_o be_v the_o pain_n take_v by_o true_o liberal_a person_n to_o reduce_v these_o wretch_n and_o make_v they_o more_o sensible_a by_o new_a favour_n if_o they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o such_o and_o the_o forbear_v all_o reproach_n or_o any_o other_o way_n tempt_v they_o to_o suspect_v that_o they_o be_v sorry_a for_o the_o good_a office_n do_v to_o they_o former_o though_o such_o have_v often_o meet_v with_o base_a return_n they_o still_o persist_v in_o their_o liberality_n and_o have_v rather_o run_v the_o risk_a of_o be_v mistake_v in_o a_o thousand_o unthankful_a receiver_n than_o omit_v do_v good_a to_o one_o deserve_a person_n this_o the_o near_a approach_n that_o mortal_n can_v possible_o make_v to_o he_o who_o mercy_n be_v over_o all_o his_o work_n though_o much_o the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o creature_n never_o thank_v he_o as_o they_o ought_v if_o you_o will_v be_v like_o god_n do_v good_a even_o to_o the_o unthankful_a the_o sun_n rise_v upon_o the_o evil_a as_o well_o as_o the_o good_a and_o the_o sea_n be_v as_o open_v to_o pirate_n as_o to_o those_o that_o sail_v with_o a_o honest_a and_o useful_a design_n 26._o sen._n l._n four_o c._n 26._o si_fw-mi deoâ—s_fw-la imitaris_fw-la da_fw-la &_o ingratis_fw-la beneficium_fw-la nam_fw-la &_o secleratis_fw-la soloritur_fw-la &_o piratis_fw-la patent_n maria_fw-la i_o can_v produce_v infinite_a passage_n of_o the_o same_o author_n but_o it_o be_v time_n to_o draw_v to_o a_o conclusion_n and_o my_o reader_n will_v be_v better_o entertain_v by_o read_v they_o in_o the_o original_a it_o may_v perhaps_o be_v object_v that_o i_o have_v only_o quote_v a_o stoic_a who_o virtue_n at_o the_o bottom_n be_v vanity_n but_o i_o answer_v that_o if_o to_o his_o precept_n we_o add_v two_o thing_n which_o he_o speak_v not_o of_o great_a improvement_n may_v be_v make_v of_o his_o book_n the_o one_o be_v that_o god_n have_v command_v we_o to_o apply_v our_o mind_n to_o virtue_n the_o other_o that_o he_o will_v reward_v all_o those_o who_o do_v so_o with_o eternal_a happiness_n take_v but_o these_o two_o principle_n along_o with_o you_o and_o seneca_n will_v be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a book_n any_o man_n can_v study_v man_n may_v if_o they_o please_v impute_v his_o virtue_n to_o vanity_n and_o charge_v he_o with_o be_v guilty_a of_o it_o upon_o some_o occasion_n i_o be_o content_a they_o shall_v provide_v they_o give_v evidence_n of_o as_o good_a notion_n of_o their_o own_o upon_o a_o principle_n of_o christianity_n and_o act_n as_o regular_o and_o as_o generous_o as_o he_o do_v upon_o some_o other_o occasion_n let_v they_o urge_v if_o they_o think_v fit_a that_o he_o do_v not_o practise_v his_o own_o doctrine_n provide_v a_o due_a sense_n of_o god_n infinite_a goodness_n and_o the_o hope_n of_o immortal_a happiness_n prevail_v with_o they_o to_o live_v up_o to_o what_o seneca_n teach_v but_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o ridiculous_a than_o to_o betray_v notion_n more_o mean_a than_o those_o of_o pagan_n to_o be_v more_o covetous_a or_o more_o proud_a and_o more_o profuse_a than_o they_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o fall_v foul_a upon_o they_o for_o fault_n as_o much_o less_o than_o we_o as_o our_o mean_n and_o advantage_n be_v great_a than_o they_o chap._n xiii_o the_o conclusion_n of_o this_o discourse_n man_n management_n of_o themselves_o in_o the_o business_n of_o religion_n compare_v with_o than_o his_o who_o put_v into_o lottery_n from_o m._n pascal_n after_o so_o
be_v common_o use_v at_o present_a destiny_n they_o tell_v we_o be_v likewise_o take_v for_o the_o particular_a lot_n of_o each_o person_n and_o for_o that_o portion_n of_o good_a or_o evil_a ordinary_o distribute_v to_o each_o man._n one_o will_v think_v this_o definition_n sufficient_o clear_a and_o that_o all_o i_o have_v say_v upon_o this_o occasion_n may_v be_v abundant_o confute_v by_o have_v recourse_n to_o it_o and_o indeed_o do_v it_o import_v no_o more_o than_o bare_o the_o event_n of_o thing_n without_o any_o regard_n to_o the_o necessity_n of_o such_o event_n or_o to_o some_o unknown_a cause_n which_o determin_n and_o produce_v they_o the_o difficulty_n will_v vanish_v but_o i_o assert_v that_o in_o use_v this_o word_n man_n constant_o imply_v in_o their_o idea_n of_o it_o this_o cause_n and_o the_o necessity_n of_o such_o event_n the_o academy_n have_v put_v this_o beyond_o dispute_n by_o the_o example_n they_o give_v as_o no_o man_n can_v avoid_v his_o destiny_n this_o be_v the_o fate_n of_o great_a man_n or_o great_a commonwealth_n and_o the_o like_a the_o first_o of_o these_o make_v manifest_o for_o i_o for_o it_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o pagan_a idiom_n who_o constant_o deliver_v their_o mind_n after_o this_o manner_n many_o example_n whereof_o stobaeus_n have_v leave_v we_o in_o his_o eight_o and_o nine_o chapter_n of_o the_o collection_n of_o natural_a production_n the_o two_o other_o upon_o enquiry_n will_v be_v find_v to_o confirm_v what_o i_o have_v say_v we_o common_o say_v it_o be_v the_o fate_n of_o great_a man_n to_o be_v more_o esteem_v when_o dead_a than_o while_o yet_o live_v and_o we_o plain_o mean_v by_o this_o not_o only_o that_o this_o very_a often_o happen_v but_o that_o their_o be_v so_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o i_o know_v not_o what_o fatality_n which_o entail_v envy_n upon_o virtue_n and_o merit_n so_o again_o we_o say_v it_o be_v the_o fate_n of_o great_a commonwealth_n to_o fall_v by_o their_o own_o weight_n and_o to_o ruin_v themselves_o when_o they_o grow_v too_o great_a by_o which_o be_v infer_v that_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a period_n and_o measure_v of_o greatness_n determine_v by_o destiny_n to_o which_o when_o commonwealth_n have_v once_o attain_v all_o beyond_o that_o tend_v to_o their_o decay_n and_o undo_n every_o reader_n will_v easy_o recollect_v what_o he_o have_v hear_v or_o read_v in_o author_n to_o this_o purpose_n perhaps_o these_o gentleman_n think_v destiny_n and_o fatality_n to_o be_v two_o distinct_a thing_n for_o they_o define_v the_o latter_a by_o call_v it_o vnavoidable_a destiny_n which_o look_v as_o if_o they_o have_v a_o notion_n that_o there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o destiny_n which_o may_v be_v avoid_v they_o have_v likewise_o among_o their_o example_n put_v fatal_a destiny_n now_o fatal_a and_o inevitable_a when_o apply_v to_o destiny_n be_v mere_a epithet_n and_o expletive_n fit_a only_o for_o poet_n when_o they_o want_v to_o make_v up_o a_o verse_n but_o otherwise_o of_o no_o use_n at_o all_o m._n richelet_n seem_v to_o know_v no_o destiny_n but_o that_o which_o be_v inevitable_a for_o his_o definition_n of_o it_o be_v a_o certain_a disposition_n and_o order_n of_o providence_n which_o make_v thing_n infallible_o come_v to_o pass_v this_o be_v in_o truth_n the_o stoic_n notion_n put_v into_o christian_a language_n and_o thus_o lipsius_n have_v do_v in_o his_o book_n of_o constancy_n the_o abbot_n furetiere_n come_v very_o near_o m._n richelet_n and_o define_v destiny_n thus_o a_o disposition_n or_o chain_n of_o second_o cause_n order_v by_o providence_n which_o infer_v and_o produce_v a_o necessity_n in_o the_o event_n i_o shall_v not_o here_o contest_v these_o definition_n because_o my_o eight_o chapter_n will_v oblige_v i_o to_o it_o where_o i_o propose_v to_o show_v that_o god_n be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o what_o the_o world_n call_v good_a luck_n as_o be_v general_o suppose_v but_o beside_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o they_o who_o use_v these_o word_n destiny_n and_o fatality_n think_v as_o little_a of_o providence_n at_o that_o instant_n as_o if_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n these_o gentleman_n indeed_o if_o we_o observe_v it_o strict_o have_v define_v what_o the_o word_n destiny_n must_v signify_v if_o it_o signify_v any_o thing_n at_o all_o but_o by_o no_o mean_n what_o the_o generality_n of_o people_n intend_v by_o it_o when_o they_o speak_v it_o now_o there_o be_v a_o vast_a difference_n between_o give_v we_o a_o definition_n of_o that_o which_o man_n shall_v mean_v by_o a_o word_n and_o that_o which_o they_o general_o do_v mean_v by_o it_o in_o common_a discourse_n it_o be_v sufficient_a that_o from_o what_o have_v go_v before_o i_o may_v fair_o conclude_v that_o stoical_a destiny_n or_o fatality_n signify_v nothing_o neither_o in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o ancient_n or_o modern_a writer_n nor_o in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o vulgar_a there_o be_v no_o real_a be_v in_o nature_n to_o which_o these_o name_n proper_o belong_v and_o no_o thing_n be_v more_o loose_a and_o fantastical_a more_o confuse_v and_o unintelligible_a than_o that_o arbitrary_a idea_n which_o man_n form_n of_o it_o in_o their_o own_o mind_n a_o man_n have_v much_o better_o say_v nothing_o than_o affirm_v that_o he_o win_v or_o lose_v in_o a_o lottery_n because_o it_o be_v his_o good_a or_o ill_a fate_n to_o do_v so_o i_o shall_v think_v it_o much_o more_o excusable_a to_o declare_v i_o win_v or_o lose_v by_o hocus_n pocus_fw-la tempora_fw-la bone_fw-la and_o think_v the_o gibberish_n of_o common_a juggler_n the_o better_a sense_n of_o the_o two_n chap._n iu._n that_o the_o term_n good_a or_o ill_a fortune_n frequent_o mean_v nothing_o no_o more_o than_o chance_n what_o sense_n this_o last_o word_n be_v capable_a of_o the_o second_o cause_n usual_o assign_v for_o good_a or_o ill_a luck_n be_v fortune_n or_o which_o be_v but_o another_o name_n for_o the_o same_o thing_n chance_n now_o i_o think_v myself_o able_a to_o prove_v that_o these_o english_a word_n and_o those_o which_o answer_v to_o they_o in_o other_o language_n be_v as_o far_o from_o have_v any_o clear_a signification_n as_o those_o treat_v of_o in_o the_o last_o chapter_n but_o before_o i_o reprove_v the_o modern_a use_n of_o these_o word_n it_o will_v be_v proper_a to_o inquire_v what_o notion_n the_o ancient_a greek_n and_o roman_n have_v of_o they_o because_o from_o thence_o they_o be_v derive_v down_o to_o we_o if_o they_o be_v at_o a_o loss_n for_o their_o own_o mean_v in_o they_o it_o can_v hardly_o be_v expect_v that_o we_o shall_v understand_v they_o better_o and_o we_o indeed_o be_v more_o to_o blame_v because_o religion_n and_o time_n ought_v to_o have_v enlighten_v our_o understanding_n and_o teach_v we_o to_o speak_v more_o correct_o than_o they_o do_v the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o greek_a and_o fortuna_fw-la in_o latin_a signify_v former_o what_o fortune_n do_v in_o english_a but_o withal_o some_o unknown_a principle_n by_o which_o a_o thousand_o thing_n come_v to_o pass_v without_o any_o necessity_n of_o their_o be_v thus_o or_o thus_o this_o be_v the_o difference_n between_o fortune_n and_o destiny_n that_o the_o one_o suppose_v a_o necessary_a cause_n of_o the_o effect_n produce_v by_o it_o and_o the_o other_o exclude_v it_o 6._o it_o phys_n l._n 2._o c._n 4_o 5_o 6._o aristotle_n who_o natural_a philosophy_n be_v general_o found_v upon_o the_o expression_n and_o notion_n of_o the_o people_n condemn_v the_o philosopher_n who_o have_v write_v before_o he_o of_o a_o great_a absurdity_n for_o not_o define_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d fortune_n or_o chance_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o it_o be_v clear_a he_o say_v beyond_o dispute_n that_o fortune_n or_o chance_n produce_v infinite_a effect_n in_o nature_n and_o though_o they_o have_v not_o think_v so_o yet_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v speak_v to_o they_o and_o so_o much_o the_o rather_o because_o they_o sometime_o use_v these_o word_n themselves_o for_o his_o own_o part_n he_o make_v no_o doubt_n but_o that_o there_o be_v such_o thing_n as_o fortune_n and_o chance_n and_o this_o be_v his_o manner_n of_o argue_v upon_o they_o by_o which_o he_o discover_v the_o vulgar_a form_n of_o speech_n to_o have_v oftentimes_o lie_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o his_o opinion_n in_o regard_n we_o see_v that_o some_o thing_n come_v to_o pass_v always_o and_o other_o for_o the_o most_o part_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n this_o make_v it_o plain_a that_o fortune_n be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o any_o of_o these_o thing_n that_o which_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o fortune_n can_v proceed_v from_o a_o necessary_a and_o regular_a cause_n which_o always_o nor_o from_o such_o a_o one_o as_o general_o act_v alike_o but_o now_o since_o some_o thing_n there_o be_v beside_o these_o which_o