Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	body_n	great_a	reason_n	1,638	5	4.5182	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A52346	An embassy from the East-India Company of the United Provinces, to the Grand Tartar Cham, Emperor of China deliver'd by their excellencies, Peter de Goyer and Jacob de Keyzer, at his imperial city of Peking : wherein the cities, towns, villages, ports, rivers, &c. in their passages from Canton to Peking are ingeniously describ'd / by Mr. John Nieuhoff ... ; also an epistle of Father John Adams their antagonist, concerning the whole negotiation ; with an appendix of several remarks taken out of Father Athanasius Kircher ; English'd, and set forth with their several sculptures, by John Ogilby Esq. ...; Gezantschap der Neerlandtsche Oost-Indische Compagnie aan den grooten Tartarischen Cham, den tegenwoordigen keizer van China. English	Nieuhof, Johannes, 1618-1672.; Goyer, Pieter de.; Keizer, Jacob de.; Kircher, Athanasius, 1602-1680. China monumentis. Selections. English.; Ogilby, John, 1600-1676.; Schall von Bell, Johann Adam, 1592?-1666.; Nederlandsche Oost-Indische Compagnie.	1673 (1673)	Wing N1153; ESTC R3880	438,428	416

horse_n after_o who_o follow_v those_o that_o carry_v the_o scaling-ladder_n at_o last_o march_v up_o the_o prime_n of_o his_o army_n which_o consist_v of_o the_o stout_a and_o able_a soldier_n of_o his_o kingdom_n have_v thus_o put_v his_o army_n in_o battle-array_n he_o fall_v upon_o the_o city_n immediate_o with_o a_o undaunted_a courage_n those_o within_o make_v very_o stout_a opposition_n at_o first_o but_o the_o tartar_n press_v upon_o they_o furious_o get_v the_o better_a and_o at_o last_o drive_v they_o from_o the_o wall_n to_o which_o fix_v their_o scaling-ladder_n they_o quick_o become_v master_n of_o the_o same_o such_o be_v their_o extraordinary_a nimbleness_n and_o courage_n and_o now_o the_o chinese_n find_v themselves_o unable_a any_o long_o to_o oppose_v the_o enemy_n flee_v out_o of_o the_o city_n but_o the_o tartar_n kill_v a_o great_a number_n in_o the_o pursuit_n after_o the_o take_n of_o this_o city_n the_o tartar_n march_v on_o with_o his_o army_n without_o any_o stop_n or_o hindrance_n take_v by_o storm_n whatever_o other_o city_n oppose_v he_o but_o such_o as_o submit_v he_o command_v that_o none_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n shall_v suffer_v either_o in_o body_n or_o good_n when_o now_o the_o king_n of_o ninche_n have_v fill_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n with_o fear_n and_o dread_n of_o his_o army_n and_o have_v total_o conquer_a the_o same_o he_o march_v forward_o with_o the_o flower_n of_o his_o army_n into_o the_o province_n of_o peking_n make_v no_o haste_n till_o he_o be_v come_v within_o seven_o mile_n of_o the_o imperial_a city_n and_o there_o find_v several_a chinese_n army_n to_o lie_v round_o about_o he_o he_o pitch_v his_o camp_n in_o a_o very_a rich_a quarter_n not_o dare_v to_o advance_v any_o further_o up_o into_o the_o country_n whereas_o if_o he_o have_v march_v on_o he_o have_v in_o all_o probability_n carry_v all_o before_o he_o and_o may_v undoubted_o have_v take_v the_o imperial_a city_n the_o people_n be_v general_a consternate_v and_o their_o heart_n dead_a with_o fear_n insomuch_o that_o the_o emperor_n himself_o have_v already_o conclude_v to_o abandon_v the_o city_n of_o peking_n and_o with_o his_o whole_a family_n to_o retire_v towards_o the_o southern_a province_n but_o he_o be_v dissuade_v from_o it_o by_o his_o council_n yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o both_o these_o province_n be_v so_o fill_v with_o fear_n at_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o tartar_n that_o they_o leave_v their_o habitation_n both_o in_o city_n and_o country_n and_o flee_v into_o the_o wood_n and_o mountain_n with_o what_o they_o can_v well_o carry_v with_o they_o the_o enemy_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n lay_v waste_n several_a famous_a city_n and_o put_v all_o to_o fire_n and_o sword_n where_o he_o come_v the_o ninchean_a king_n who_o as_o we_o say_v dare_v not_o adventure_v to_o march_v against_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n have_v get_v good_a store_n of_o riches_n out_o of_o the_o other_o conquer_a city_n retreat_v back_o with_o his_o army_n to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n which_o be_v a_o very_a goodly_a city_n before_o he_o take_v it_o both_o for_o strength_n situation_n and_o fairness_n of_o building_n but_o be_v tell_v by_o his_o soothsayer_n that_o to_o let_v the_o old_a wall_n stand_v after_o he_o have_v win_v the_o place_n can_v bode_v nought_o but_o misfortune_n he_o cause_v they_o thereupon_o to_o be_v raze_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o new_a one_o build_v there_o be_v but_o two_o great_a city_n in_o all_o this_o province_n which_o be_v leaoyang_n and_o ningyven_v the_o rest_n be_v of_o a_o small_a circuit_n yet_o be_v they_o both_o populous_a and_o rich_a but_o with_o place_n of_o strength_n which_o exceed_v some_o city_n for_o bigness_n it_o exceed_o abound_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o place_n be_v very_o dull_a of_o understanding_n and_o so_o altogether_o incapable_a of_o learn_v any_o art_n and_o science_n but_o very_o healthful_a of_o constitution_n and_o strong_a of_o body_n therein_o much_o exceed_v the_o other_o chineses_n and_o the_o cause_n may_v be_v for_o that_o they_o be_v breed_v from_o the_o cradle_n to_o war_n and_o hardship_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o vicinity_n to_o the_o tartar_n who_o be_v perpetual_o make_v war_n upon_o they_o as_o to_o their_o manner_n and_o custom_n they_o resemble_v very_o much_o the_o tartar_n which_o come_v to_o pass_v by_o the_o great_a intercourse_n that_o ●s_v daily_o between_o they_o the_o country_n be_v in_o some_o place_n very_o hilly_a and_o mountainous_a and_o in_o other_o plain_a and_o even_o for_o many_o mile_n together_o yet_o every_o where_o very_o fruitful_a in_o the_o product_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o cattle_n both_o wild_a and_o tame_a as_o also_o in_o tree●_n and_o fruit_n of_o the_o field_n wholesome_a and_o medicinal_a both_o in_o their_o body_n leave_n fruit_n and_o root_n among_o other_o here_o grow_v that_o incomparable_a root_n g●●seng_n whereof_o mention_n be_v make_v before_o there_o be_v also_o to_o be_v have_v store_n of_o rich_a fur_n as_o sable_n bever_n etc._n etc._n which_o they_o wear_v in_o winter_n to_o keep_v themselves_o warm_a and_o traffic_n with_o likewise_o into_o other_o province_n it_o also_o produce_v curious_a pine-apple_n excellent_a wheat_n and_o barley_n but_o no_o rice_n yet_o a_o great_a abundance_n of_o fig_n apple_n pear_n grape_n and_o several_a other_o sort_n of_o fruit_n which_o extraordinary_a plenty_n of_o all_o necessary_a thing_n of_o its_o own_o growth_n render_v it_o both_o pleasant_a and_o cheap_a to_o live_v in_o but_o much_o more_o in_o regard_n of_o its_o situation_n upon_o the_o sea_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v furnish_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o commodity_n from_o other_o country_n their_o religion_n be_v very_o little_a different_a from_o that_o of_o the_o other_o chineses_n be_v great_a promoter_n of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o transmigration_n of_o soul_n out_o of_o one_o body_n into_o another_o thus_o the_o tartar_n have_v make_v this_o place_n the_o seat_n of_o war_n whereby_o they_o can_v at_o pleasure_n invade_v the_o neighbour_a province_n the_o emperor_n and_o his_o council_n begin_v to_o consider_v which_o way_n be_v the_o most_o likely_a for_o they_o to_o drive_v the_o tartar_n out_o of_o their_o territory_n and_o at_o last_o they_o conclude_v to_o raise_v a_o army_n of_o 600000_o man_n over_o and_o above_o who_o the_o king_n of_o corea_n send_v to_o their_o assistance_n 12000_o valiant_a bowman_n who_o be_v not_o inferior_a for_o skill_n to_o the_o tartar_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o ninchean_a king_n be_v not_o idle_a but_o draw_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n as_o many_o force_n as_o can_v possible_o be_v spare_v to_o join_v with_o he_o be_v thus_o prepare_v for_o war_n on_o both_o side_n the_o chineses_n in_o the_o year_n 1619_o march_v with_o that_o formidable_a army_n against_o the_o enemy_n who_o hear_v of_o their_o approach_n set_v forward_o from_o their_o camp_n to_o meet_v they_o which_o soon_o happen_v but_o then_o such_o be_v the_o inveterate_a malice_n of_o both_o party_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o see_v each_o other_o the_o battle_n begin_v which_o be_v valiant_o fight_v for_o a_o long_a time_n by_o both_o army_n so_o that_o the_o victory_n hang_v in_o suspense_n nor_o can_v any_o judge_n who_o will_v have_v the_o better_a till_o at_o length_n the_o chineses_n run_v away_o in_o great_a disorder_n and_o confusion_n the_o slaughter_n be_v very_o great_a among_o they_o both_o of_o commander_n and_o soldier_n upon_o the_o spot_n those_o that_o escape_v carry_v the_o news_n of_o the_o overthrow_n to_o the_o emperor_n this_o great_a victory_n the_o ninchean_a king_n pursue_v with_o that_o expedition_n that_o he_o take_v several_a city_n and_o town_n some_o whereof_o they_o lay_v in_o ash_n and_o put_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o sword_n harrass_v and_o plunder_v up_o to_o the_o very_a wall_n of_o the_o city_n of_o peking_n though_o they_o dare_v not_o lay_v siege_n to_o it_o there_o be_v a_o garrison_n of_o eighty_o thousand_o man_n and_o and_o the_o place_n well_o fortify_v with_o great_a store_n of_o cannon_n upon_o the_o wall_n notwithstanding_o which_o provision_n such_o be_v the_o fear_n of_o the_o pekinger_n that_o if_o the_o tartar_n have_v but_o attempt_v they_o may_v have_v be_v master_n of_o that_o great_a city_n without_o any_o very_a hazardous_a opposition_n for_o the_o emperor_n be_v again_o full_o resolve_v as_o before_o to_o quit_v it_o and_o to_o retire_v to_o the_o southern_a province_n but_o some_o of_o his_o council_n now_o too_o late_o grow_v wise_a alter_v his_o purpose_n by_o tell_v he_o that_o it_o will_v encourage_v the_o enemy_n and_o not_o only_o put_v the_o whole_a empire_n into_o confusion_n but_o hazard_v the_o ruin_n if_o not_o the_o

a_o sort_n of_o wild_a people_n that_o live_v among_o the_o rock_n and_o mountain_n they_o begin_v the_o mischief_n and_o open_v the_o floodgate_n of_o rebellion_n by_o subtle_o oppose_v the_o authority_n that_o be_v over_o they_o their_o first_o work_n be_v to_o fall_v a_o plunder_v or_o in_o plain_a english_a steal_v without_o any_o exception_n of_o person_n whatsoever_o they_o can_v meet_v with_o in_o which_o their_o rebellious_a and_o unlawful_a undertake_v be_v successful_a they_o at_o last_o resolve_v to_o make_v a_o open_a war_n and_o to_o that_o end_n lay_v siege_n to_o chingtu_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n which_o they_o have_v without_o doubt_n take_v have_v not_o the_o abovementioned_a amazon_n opportune_o come_v to_o its_o rescue_n for_o these_o insolent_a and_o now_o command_a thief_n have_v hear_v of_o the_o fame_n of_o her_o extraordinary_a courage_n be_v strike_v with_o such_o a_o terror_n that_o upon_o the_o first_o inkling_n of_o her_o approach_n they_o immediate_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o leave_v the_o city_n with_o great_a loss_n but_o this_o though_o for_o a_o while_o it_o divert_v they_o yet_o it_o do_v not_o so_o deter_v they_o as_o to_o make_v they_o cease_v from_o any_o far_a attempt_n for_o return_v towards_o the_o mountain_n they_o present_o rally_v again_o and_o recruit_v their_o force_n with_o some_o fresh_a supply_n wherewith_o they_o continue_v to_o forage_v and_o spoil_v the_o country_n to_o heighten_v and_o encourage_v the_o insolence_n of_o these_o villain_n it_o happen_v that_o in_o the_o province_n of_o queicheu_fw-la there_o have_v pass_v a_o unjust_a sentence_n in_o a_o certain_a cause_n between_o two_o great_a man_n by_o reason_n whereof_o he_o against_o who_o the_o cause_n go_v endeavour_v the_o same_o reverse_v but_o notwithstanding_o all_o his_o endeavour_n as_o well_o by_o himself_o as_o friend_n and_o alliance_n there_o be_v no_o good_a to_o be_v do_v therein_o the_o robber_n after_o the_o raise_n of_o the_o siege_n keep_v themselves_o in_o great_a number_n upon_o the_o mountain_n without_o make_v any_o further_a disturbance_n but_o they_o send_v to_o this_o injure_a person_n to_o let_v he_o know_v that_o if_o he_o please_v to_o accept_v of_o their_o power_n they_o will_v stand_v by_o he_o with_o their_o life_n to_o help_v he_o to_o redress_v his_o wrong_n provide_v he_o will_v become_v their_o general_n and_o be_v assistant_n to_o they_o in_o the_o carry_v on_o of_o their_o design_n this_o great_a person_n possess_v yet_o with_o fury_n and_o a_o desire_n of_o revenge_n for_o the_o injury_n do_v he_o be_v not_o long_o in_o consult_v but_o present_o accept_v of_o their_o offer_n look_v upon_o the_o same_o as_o the_o best_a and_o most_o likely_a mean_n not_o only_o to_o repair_v his_o damage_n but_o to_o revenge_v himself_o also_o upon_o knowledge_n of_o this_o acceptance_n these_o robber_n submit_v with_o extraordinary_a alacrity_n to_o his_o command_n and_o authority_n wherein_o he_o be_v no_o soon_o invest_v but_o first_o of_o all_o they_o fall_v upon_o the_o judge_n that_o give_v the_o sentence_n who_o they_o immediate_o kill_v then_o they_o fall_v upon_o the_o army_n of_o the_o tutang_n or_o viceroy_n which_o they_o quick_o rout_v and_o put_v to_o slight_a but_o he_o rally_v his_o force_n turn_v back_o again_o upon_o they_o with_o such_o fury_n that_o he_o force_v they_o to_o fly_v into_o the_o mountain_n with_o a_o very_a great_a slaughter_n notwithstanding_o all_o which_o they_o recruit_v again_o but_o keep_v in_o their_o hold_n till_o they_o have_v a_o opportunity_n to_o show_v themselves_o again_o as_o they_o do_v in_o a_o short_a time_n after_o those_o depredation_n together_o with_o the_o infinite_a number_n of_o grasshopper_n which_o have_v destroy_v all_o the_o grass_n and_o fruit_n of_o the_o field_n in_o the_o seven_o northern_a province_n of_o china_n cause_v a_o scarcity_n of_o provision_n and_o consequent_o a_o great_a dearness_n give_v a_o very_a great_a occasion_n to_o the_o rise_n and_o increase_n of_o the_o number_n of_o these_o thief_n which_o happen_v chief_o in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la and_o xantung_n another_o provocation_n or_o instigation_n be_v that_o the_o emperor_n zungchinius_n be_v of_o a_o covetous_a and_o miserable_a nature_n will_v have_v notwithstanding_o the_o dear●h_n the_o usual_a yearly_a tax_n pay_v he_o as_o in_o a_o fruitful_a year_n which_o exaction_n set_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o those_o province_n upon_o plot_v against_o he_o and_o at_o length_n to_o join_v with_o the_o robber_n by_o who_o assistance_n in_o a_o short_a time_n they_o bring_v eight_o strong_a army_n into_o the_o field_n appoint_v for_o their_o general_n such_o as_o they_o count_v the_o most_o valiant_a man_n among_o they_o these_o robber_n and_o mutineer_n have_v now_o thus_o strengthen_v themselves_o with_o force_n and_o get_v great_a store_n of_o wealth_n by_o prey_v and_o steal_v resolve_v not_o to_o rest_v here_o but_o drive_v high_a design_n in_o their_o head_n and_o aim_v at_o great_a matter_n they_o begin_v to_o consult_v about_o reduce_v the_o whole_a empire_n under_o their_o subjection_n and_o dethrone_v the_o emperor_n for_o the_o accomplish_n whereof_o and_o advancing_z himself_o every_o one_o of_o the_o eight_o general_n think_v himself_o of_o sufficient_a strength_n to_o get_v that_o morsel_n and_o fancy_v himself_o capable_a and_o fit_a to_o bear_v so_o weighty_a a_o burden_n with_o which_o ambitious_a thought_n puff_v up_o each_o of_o they_o begin_v to_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o other_o every_o one_o be_v in_o hope_n to_o be_v conqueror_n and_o to_o encircle_v his_o head_n with_o the_o royal_a diadem_n and_o ennoble_v his_o posterity_n blood_n by_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o empire_n this_o war_n continue_v till_o six_o of_o the_o eight_o general_n be_v slay_v and_o only_o the_o two_o stout_a licungzus_n and_o changhienchungus_n leave_v alive_a to_o dispute_v the_o quarrel_n for_o the_o more_o easy_a bring_v this_o to_o pass_v each_o endeavour_v to_o win_v to_o his_o party_n the_o force_n of_o the_o other_o slay_v general_n to_o strengthen_v themselves_o for_o to_o such_o a_o height_n be_v their_o ambition_n grow_v that_o there_o be_v no_o thought_n of_o divide_v the_o stake_n between_o they_o each_o resolve_v to_o be_v aut_fw-la caesar_n aut_fw-la nihil_fw-la so_o strange_o be_v they_o lift_v up_o with_o the_o thought_n of_o sovereignty_n fill_v with_o these_o aspire_a thought_n these_o two_o general_n take_v several_a way_n to_o advance_v their_o interest_n and_o design_n licungzus_n with_o his_o force_n fall_v into_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la and_o honan_n but_o the_o other_o imagine_v to_o get_v the_o best_a booty_n in_o those_o of_o suchue_n and_o huquang_n march_v thither_o so_o that_o now_o they_o no_o long_o fight_v one_o against_o another_o as_o former_o but_o seek_v wealth_n and_o booty_n be_v remove_v to_o a_o great_a distance_n in_o these_o transaction_n the_o emperor_n concern_v begin_v to_o look_v with_o a_o have_v countenance_n as_o if_o the_o government_n itself_o be_v sudden_o to_o undergo_v some_o fatal_a alteration_n for_o the_o tartar_n who_o be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o these_o proceed_n have_v in_o their_o former_a war_n make_v such_o havoc_n of_o brave_a commander_n that_o there_o be_v hardly_o any_o left_a who_o knowledge_n in_o military_a discipline_n capacitate_v they_o for_o conduct_n of_o the_o force_n which_o be_v march_v to_o subdue_v these_o rebellious_a plunderer_n under_o the_o two_o general_n licungzus_n in_o the_o year_n 1641._o march_v with_o his_o army_n out_o of_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la after_o he_o have_v whole_o plunder_v and_o destroy_v its_o chief_a city_n into_o the_o plentiful_a province_n of_o honan_n direct_o to_o the_o famous_a city_n caifung_a which_o he_o present_o begird_v and_o block_v up_o so_o close_o that_o there_o be_v no_o go_v in_o nor_o come_v out_o but_o the_o place_n be_v well_o fortify_v and_o provide_v with_o a_o good_a garrison_n and_o provision_n the_o siege_n be_v soon_o raise_v and_o the_o besieger_n constrain_v to_o retire_v into_o the_o mountain_n not_o without_o very_o great_a loss_n of_o man_n but_o they_o have_v no_o soon_o recruit_v themselves_o but_o they_o return_v to_o the_o siege_n again_o with_o a_o intention_n to_o have_v surprise_v the_o same_o on_o a_o sudden_a but_o the_o citizen_n have_v private_o receive_v intelligence_n thereof_o and_o stand_v upon_o their_o guard_n hinder_v they_o from_o effect_v their_o design_n the_o enemy_n be_v thus_o twice_o frustrate_v in_o his_o hope_n and_o see_v no_o likelihood_n of_o take_v the_o city_n by_o force_n resolve_v to_o compel_v they_o to_o a_o surrender_n by_o a_o long_a and_o close_a siege_n and_o though_o it_o be_v a_o place_n at_o least_o three_o mile_n in_o circumference_n yet_o they_o surround_v the_o same_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o no_o

one_o i_o say_v who_o right_o understand_v what_o i_o have_v above_o relate_v concern_v the_o voyage_n of_o st._n thomas_n the_o apostle_n which_o be_v at_o large_a handle_v by_o osorius_n bishop_n of_o sylva_n who_o have_v elegant_o compile_v the_o indian_a history_n whence_o from_o these_o region_n even_o now_o declare_v viz._n from_o cabul_n caphurstan_n tibet_n and_o mogul_n he_o may_v easy_o by_o the_o bishop_n his_o successor_n propagate_v the_o sacred_a gospel_n of_o christ_n into_o the_o remote_a province_n and_o kingdom_n to_o the_o utmost_a bound_n of_o tartary_n this_o ortelius_n open_o confirm_v who_o say_v that_o the_o kingdom_n of_o archon_n situate_v in_o the_o utmost_a angle_n or_o corner_n of_o the_o north_n be_v convert_v unto_o the_o christian_a faith_n by_o st._n thomas_n you_o must_v understand_v it_o of_o of_o his_o successor_n so_o that_o by_o this_o account_n there_o be_v no_o part_n or_o corner_n of_o the_o world_n which_o have_v not_o be_v fill_v with_o the_o light_n of_o the_o gospel_n by_o his_o care_n and_o diligence_n nicephorus_n also_o relate_v in_o his_o second_o book_n chap._n 39_o that_o st._n philip_n preach_v the_o gospel_n in_o the_o upper_a asia_n now_o the_o upper_a asia_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o that_o vast_a space_n of_o asia_n minor_n which_o the_o ancient_n call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o scythia_n on_o this_o side_n and_o beyond_o imaus_n and_o they_o be_v all_o those_o region_n which_o be_v comprehend_v in_o the_o extreme_a limit_n of_o the_o eastern_a sea_n and_o about_o the_o caspian_a sea_n as_o georgia_n iberia_n albanior_fw-la micrelia_n armenia_n and_o part_n of_o the_o transmarine_a asiatic_a tartary_n from_o whence_o in_o course_n of_o time_n the_o gospel_n of_o our_o saviour_n by_o a_o far_o sprout_v be_v transplant_v into_o all_o the_o circumjacent_a kingdom_n as_o thebet_n indostan_n tanchut_v and_o the_o like_a chrysostome_n say_v that_o st._n bartholomew_n instruct_v the_o people_n of_o the_o great_a armenia_n in_o the_o christian_a faith_n sophrinus_fw-la say_v that_o he_o teach_v the_o albanian_o and_o origen_n that_o he_o preach_v to_o the_o hithermost_a indian_n panthenus_n a_o christian_a philosopher_n say_v that_o when_o he_o travel_v to_o the_o indian_n he_o find_v christianity_n yet_o flourish_v by_o the_o preach_a of_o st._n bartholomew_n he_o that_o be_v curious_a to_o know_v more_o concern_v this_o let_v he_o have_v recourse_n unto_o the_o history_n of_o the_o armenian_n which_o they_o call_v giarrentir_n that_o be_v a_o book_n of_o relation_n which_o clemens_n galanus_n a_o canon_n regular_n who_o spend_v many_o year_n in_o armenia_n georgia_n and_o the_o other_o region_n of_o colchis_n to_o propagate_v the_o christian_a faith_n here_o publish_v at_o rome_n first_o of_o all_o therefore_o the_o christian_a faith_n be_v introduce_v into_o the_o forementioned_a kingdom_n by_o the_o apostle_n thomas_n philip_n and_o bartholomew_n which_o afterward_o in_o course_n of_o time_n be_v propagate_v and_o cultivate_v by_o their_o successor_n very_o holy_a man_n and_o illuminate_v with_o the_o holy_a spirit_n diffuse_v and_o spread_v the_o light_n of_o the_o divine_a law_n throughout_o the_o whole_a east_n unto_o the_o great_a advantage_n of_o soul_n until_o by_o the_o want_n of_o laborer_n the_o people_n follow_v a_o more_o dissolute_a and_o ill_a mode_n of_o life_n degenerate_v from_o the_o rectitude_n of_o faith_n 〈◊〉_d and_o also_o blemish_v and_o bespot_v with_o the_o rite_n of_o the_o gentile_n altogether_o fall_v off_o from_o the_o true_a way_n for_o anno_fw-la 400._o when_o by_o the_o instigation_n of_o satan_n the_o curse_a arrius_n nestorius_n dioscurus_n and_o other_o heretic_n but_o especial_o the_o nestorian_n have_v every_o where_o spread_v their_o damnable_a opinion_n and_o in_o a_o horrid_a manner_n weaken_v the_o orthodox_n faith_n of_o christ_n above_o all_o other_o part_v it_o infect_v with_o the_o venom_n of_o its_o pestiferous_a doctrine_n colchis_n armenia_n persia_n turchestan_n and_o the_o utmost_a bound_n of_o the_o asiatic_a tartary_n so_o that_o as_o marcus_n paulus_n and_o haython_n relate_v there_o be_v no_o place_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a region_n which_o it_o have_v not_o defile_v world_n add_v unto_o this_o that_o in_o the_o year_n 632._o or_o thereabouts_o be_v the_o curse_a rise_n of_o the_o incendiary_n of_o the_o world_n mahomet_n who_o swell_a and_o break_v in_o like_o a_o inundation_n over_o a_o great_a portion_n of_o the_o earth_n subject_v the_o same_o to_o his_o most_o unjust_a law_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o faithful_a christian_n and_o more_o especial_o person_n of_o the_o priestly_a order_n be_v exile_v their_o native_a country_n by_o degree_n forsake_v the_o province_n of_o the_o more_o inward_a part_n of_o of_o asia_n either_o for_o fear_n of_o persecution_n or_o by_o a_o voluntary_a exile_n those_o that_o be_v arm_v with_o a_o zeal_n and_o desire_n to_o the_o house_n of_o god_n be_v inflame_v with_o a_o fervour_n to_o propagate_v the_o ancient_a religion_n of_o the_o orthodox_n faith_n flee_v or_o retire_v into_o china_n itself_o where_o how_o much_o they_o labour_v to_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n be_v plain_o show_v by_o the_o syro-chenesian_a monument_n i_o have_v expound_v above_o now_o as_o nothing_o be_v firm_a and_o solid_a in_o humane_a affair_n so_o also_o the_o faith_n introduce_v into_o the_o forementioned_a region_n now_o fade_v either_o through_o the_o want_n of_o apostolical_a man_n or_o the_o extreme_a degeneration_n of_o christian_n tend_v or_o deflect_v first_o to_o idolatry_n then_o to_o mahumetanism_n anon_o to_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o nestorian_a heretic_n according_a as_o the_o lust_n of_o each_o person_n genius_n lead_v or_o draw_v they_o and_o this_o vicissitude_n or_o alteration_n of_o the_o orthodox_n faith_n sometime_o receive_v and_o sometime_o be_v reject_v continue_v more_o especial_o in_o the_o eastern_a tartary_n unto_o the_o year_n 1252._o in_o which_o as_o haython_n the_o armenian_a relate_v who_o be_v of_o the_o blood-royal_a haython_n king_n of_o armenia_n his_o brother_n reign_v until_o he_o can_v no_o long_o endure_v the_o turkish_a spoiler_n of_o his_o kingdom_n wherefore_o by_o a_o divine_a instinct_n take_v a_o new_a counsel_n and_o go_v in_o his_o own_o person_n unto_o the_o great_a cham_fw-mi emperor_n of_o tartary_n who_o paulus_n venetus_n call_v cublai_n cingischan_n who_o rule_v in_o tartary_n and_o cathay_n both_o to_o make_v a_o league_n against_o the_o saracen_n and_o to_o gain_v the_o favour_n of_o that_o most_o potent_a prince_n for_o the_o confirm_v of_o the_o christian_a commonwealth_n in_o a_o peaceable_a estate_n and_o condition_n after_o a_o tedious_a voyage_n he_o arrive_v at_o almalech_n that_o be_v cambalu_n the_o court_n of_o the_o great_a cham._n the_o great_a cham_n christianity_n or_o cublai_n be_v much_o joy_v at_o his_o come_n receive_v he_o with_o great_a honour_n and_o respect_n as_o he_o deserve_v bestow_v on_o he_o great_a present_n and_o advise_v his_o noble_n to_o follow_v his_o example_n and_o do_v the_o same_o therefore_o when_o king_n haython_n have_v rest_v himself_o some_o week_n after_o the_o toil_n of_o his_o continual_a travel_n he_o address_v himself_o to_o the_o emperor_n and_o with_o much_o strength_n and_o weight_n of_o rational_a argument_n open_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o so_o far_o undertake_v voyage_n the_o emperor_n have_v due_o ponder_v the_o just_a reason_n of_o his_o petition_n and_o great_o admire_v both_o the_o condescension_n of_o the_o king_n person_n in_o expose_v himself_o to_o so_o great_a labour_n and_o danger_n and_o also_o consider_v that_o the_o quiet_a of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o the_o advantage_n or_o interest_n of_o the_o christian_a commonwealth_n be_v very_o much_o concern_v out_o of_o his_o clemency_n promise_v to_o grant_v he_o whatsoever_o he_o shall_v demand_v haython_n accept_v of_o the_o obsequiousness_n of_o so_o free_a a_o offer_n present_v he_o in_o write_v several_a point_n of_o his_o petition_n which_o be_v as_o follow_v 1._o that_o the_o great_a cham_n will_v vouchsafe_v to_o embrace_v the_o christian_a faith_n 2._o that_o a_o perpetual_a league_n of_o friendship_n may_v be_v confirm_v between_o the_o christian_n and_o the_o tartar_n 3._o that_o all_o the_o christian_n both_o ecclesiastic_n and_o laic_n with_o their_o church_n may_v be_v free_a from_o all_o persecution_n and_o enjoy_v the_o immunity_n and_o privilege_n in_o all_o the_o kingdom_n which_o the_o tartar_n have_v subject_v to_o the_o empire_n 4._o that_o he_o shall_v raise_v a_o army_n to_o free_v the_o holy_a sepulchre_n of_o christ_n from_o the_o turkish_a tyranny_n and_o also_o restore_v the_o holy_a land_n possess_v by_o the_o saracen_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o christian_n 5._o that_o he_o shall_v join_v his_o force_n with_o he_o to_o root_v out_o the_o most_o potent_a caliph_n of_o baldach_n 6._o that_o he_o

belly_n colic_n flux_n etc._n etc._n but_o person_n of_o a_o hot_a constitution_n ought_v to_o use_v it_o moderate_o it_o be_v apt_a to_o inflame_v the_o blood_n most_o of_o the_o province_n of_o china_n abound_v as_o well_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o eatable_n as_o medicinal_a herb_n we_o will_v descend_v a_o little_a to_o particular_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la near_o to_o the_o chief_a city_n kingyang_n grow_v a_o herb_n call_v kinsu_v which_o for_o its_o resemblance_n to_o a_o tuft_n of_o yellow_a hair_n the_o chineses_n call_v the_o golden_a or_o the_o gold_n thread_n of_o silkworm_n it_o be_v of_o a_o bitter_a taste_n and_o rather_o of_o a_o cool_a then_o warm_v quality_n it_o cure_v all_o manner_n of_o scurf_n of_o the_o body_n here_o also_o grow_v another_o herb_n call_v quei_z good_a against_o melancholy_n and_o occasion_v joy_n and_o gladness_n of_o heart_n if_o take_v inward_o near_o to_o cingcheu_o in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n lie_v some_o island_n wherein_o grow_v a_o herb_n call_v lungsiu_n which_o make_v horse_n strong_a and_o swift_a if_o they_o eat_v of_o the_o same_o also_o near_o the_o same_o city_n grow_v the_o herb_n of_o a_o thousand_o year_n so_o common_o call_v but_o they_o far_o affirm_v of_o it_o that_o it_o be_v immortal_a and_o never_o die_v the_o water_n wherein_o the_o same_o have_v be_v infuse_v be_v drink_v make_v white_a hair_n black_a and_o be_v very_o good_a to_o prolong_v life_n there_o be_v beside_o these_o several_a other_o incomparable_a herb_n which_o be_v use_v among_o they_o for_o the_o cure_n of_o distemper_n of_o all_o sort_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tanyeu_n grow_v a_o certain_a herb_n very_o high_a among_o the_o rock_n which_o will_v not_o burn_v when_o fling_v into_o the_o fire_n and_o there_o keep_v for_o some_o time_n only_o it_o will_v turn_v a_o little_a red_a but_o as_o soon_o as_o out_o of_o the_o fire_n present_o recover_v its_o pristine_a and_o natural_a colour_n yet_o although_o it_o resist_v fire_n it_o immediate_o turn_v to_o dirt_n be_v put_v into_o water_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n near_o to_o kiunchen_n grow_v the_o herb_n chifung_a so_o call_v because_o it_o show_v which_o way_n the_o wind_n blow_v the_o seaman_n say_v they_o can_v discover_v by_o the_o same_o what_o stormy_a wether_n they_o shall_v have_v before_o they_o go_v to_o sea_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n near_o to_o chincheu_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v a_o kind_n of_o cloth_n of_o a_o certain_a herb_n call_v thou_o which_o be_v esteem_v far_o before_o silk_n and_o much_o dear_a but_o in_o the_o province_n of_o queicheu_o near_o to_o lipe_v they_o make_v cloth_n of_o a_o herb_n very_o like_o hemp_n and_o call_v co_n which_o be_v very_o commodious_a in_o summer_n the_o chinese_n physician_n say_v that_o upon_o the_o mountain_n tiengo_n grow_v above_o a_o hundred_o sort_n of_o simple_n all_o of_o very_o sovereign_a virtue_n but_o among_o all_o other_o china_n be_v famous_a for_o a_o herb_n call_v thea_fw-mi or_o cha_fw-mi and_o whereof_o the_o native_n and_o other_o neighbour_a people_n make_v their_o liquor_n call_v thea_fw-mi or_o cha_fw-mi take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o herb._n there_o be_v a_o very_a great_a difference_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o prepare_v and_o use_v this_o liquor_n between_o the_o chinese_n and_o those_o of_o japan_n for_o that_o the_o japanner_n beat_v the_o leave_v to_o a_o powder_n and_o mingle_v it_o with_o boil_a water_n in_o a_o cup_n which_o they_o afterward_o drink_v off_o but_o the_o chineses_n put_v the_o leave_v whole_a into_o a_o pot_n of_o boil_a water_n which_o have_v lie_v in_o steep_a for_o some_o time_n they_o sip_v off_o hot_a without_o swallow_v down_o any_o of_o the_o leave_n but_o only_o the_o quintessence_n thereof_o extract_v other_o prepare_v it_o with_o milk_n and_o a_o little_a salt_n mingle_v with_o water_n which_o be_v not_o so_o well_o approve_v but_o however_o prepare_v it_o be_v not_o only_o drink_v in_o china_n and_o other_o part_n of_o india_n but_o be_v much_o use_v likewise_o in_o divers_a other_o country_n and_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o all_o people_n that_o they_o find_v much_o good_a by_o it_o enhance_v the_o price_n and_o make_v the_o same_o be_v sell_v here_o at_o a_o very_a dear_a rate_n in_o xensi_fw-la near_o the_o city_n hacheu_o be_v great_a store_n of_o hemp_n but_o no_o flax_n grow_v in_o all_o the_o empire_n in_o kiangsi_n near_o the_o city_n kienchang_n grow_v a_o sort_n of_o rice_n so_o far_o exceed_v the_o rest_n for_o goodness_n that_o the_o emperor_n himself_o send_v for_o his_o own_o store_n from_o thence_o and_o for_o its_o excellency_n the_o chineses_n call_v it_o silver-cron_n in_o xensi_fw-la near_o the_o city_n kingyang_n grow_v another_o sort_n of_o rice_n use_v by_o the_o people_n to_o purge_v the_o body_n and_o cause_n urine_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n upon_o the_o mountain_n tienno_n near_o the_o city_n hangcheu_o grow_v mushroom_n in_o great_a abundance_n which_o be_v disperse_v into_o all_o part_n of_o the_o country_n and_o will_v keep_v good_a a_o whole_a year_n either_o dry_v or_o pickle_a this_o country_n produce_v abundance_n of_o cotton_n the_o seed_n whereof_o be_v bring_v thither_o about_o five_o hundred_o year_n since_o and_o though_o this_o fruit_n do_v likewise_o grow_v in_o other_o part_n at_o present_a as_o in_o arabia_n upon_o the_o island_n of_o cyprus_n maltha_n in_o sicily_n and_o in_o egypt_n i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o since_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o profitable_a commodity_n for_o trade_n in_o china_n to_o give_v this_o brief_a description_n thereof_o it_o grow_v upon_o a_o stalk_v almost_o three_o foot_n high_a cover_v with_o a_o red_a bark_n and_o full_a of_o prickle_n divide_v itself_o into_o several_a branch_n the_o leave_n be_v not_o much_o unlike_o those_o of_o the_o vine_n and_o divide_v into_o three_o part_n which_o for_o bigness_n may_v be_v compare_v with_o those_o of_o the_o mast-tree_n it_o bear_v a_o flower_n which_o be_v yellow_a on_o the_o outside_n and_o red_a in_o the_o middle_n from_o which_o proceed_v a_o round_a fruit_n about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o apple_n wherein_o when_o it_o be_v ripe_a the_o wool_n lie_v conceal_v which_o be_v afterward_o gather_v sell_v and_o dispose_v of_o to_o several_a uses_n the_o leave_n of_o the_o cotton-tree_n be_v general_o alike_o only_o here_o and_o there_o some_o be_v smooth_a soft_a and_o more_o even_a than_o other_o in_o some_o place_n of_o china_n bean_n may_v be_v see_v grow_v upon_o tree_n a_o sort_n of_o which_o near_o the_o city_n changchang_n be_v repute_v good_a against_o poison_n the_o province_n of_o quantung_n produce_v abundance_n of_o osier_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o rope_n twist_v together_o by_o nature_n of_o which_o there_o be_v whole_a mountain_n full_a in_o this_o province_n which_o be_v put_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o divers_a uses_n and_o in_o regard_n they_o be_v very_o tough_a and_o will_v not_o easy_o break_v they_o make_v sometime_o cordage_n thereof_o for_o vessel_n but_o their_o best_a use_n be_v to_o make_v soft_a mattress_n upon_o which_o most_o of_o the_o people_n the_o grandee_n and_o the_o emperor_n himself_o lay_v themselves_o naked_a when_o they_o go_v to_o sleep_v very_o neat_a and_o clean_o be_v this_o furniture_n and_o withal_o very_o cool_v in_o the_o summer_n and_o though_o the_o mattress_n be_v only_o spread_v one_o the_o bare_a floor_n yet_o they_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o fit_a place_n to_o lie_v on_o have_v be_v no_o otherwise_o accustom_a the_o whole_a island_n of_o hainan_n be_v full_a of_o these_o osier_n especial_o of_o the_o best_a which_o the_o portuguese_n call_v the_o white_a rota_n of_o flower_n there_o be_v several_a rare_a and_o well_o scent_v flower_n which_o grow_v in_o these_o part_n that_o be_v unknown_a to_o those_o of_o europe_n in_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n near_o to_o chungk_v grow_v a_o 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die_v and_o his_o elder_a son_n take_v it_o ill_o thas_o yuus_n shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o he_o in_o regard_n he_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o the_o sceptre_n do_v by_o hereditary_a right_n belong_v unto_o he_o he_o endeavour_v to_o seat_v himself_o in_o the_o imperial_a throne_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n but_o what_o stratagem_n policy_n or_o force_v soever_o he_o use_v all_o prove_v vain_a ●or_a he_o can_v not_o prevail_v the_o generality_n of_o the_o people_n adhere_v cordial_o to_o yuus_n in_o regard_n they_o judge_v he_o most_o deserve_v of_o the_o crown_n which_o according_o be_v settle_v upon_o he_o though_o not_o without_o some_o trouble_n this_o yuus_n be_v the_o founder_n of_o the_o first_o chinese_n imperial_a race_n which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v style_v hiaa_n and_o the_o last_o of_o the_o elect_a emperor_n for_o when_o the_o royal_a chair_n after_o his_o death_n become_v void_a his_o son_n be_v unanimous_o admit_v to_o succeed_v he_o and_o from_o that_o time_n 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