Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
cause_n body_n great_a reason_n 1,638 5 4.5182 4 false
View all documents for the selected quad

Text snippets containing the quad

ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A28989 Hydrostatical paradoxes made out by new experiments, for the most physical and easie / by Robert Boyle ... Boyle, Robert, 1627-1691. 1666 (1666) Wing B3985; ESTC R17464 84,560 288

There are 8 snippets containing the selected quad. | View original text

not_o be_v amiss_o to_o add_v that_o it_o may_v easy_o be_v confirm_v by_o experiment_n for_o if_o you_o take_v for_o instance_n a_o piece_n of_o lead_n and_o hang_v it_o by_o a_o horse_n hair_n that_o be_v suppose_v very_o near_o acquiponderant_a to_o water_n from_o one_o of_o the_o scale_n of_o a_o exact_a balance_n and_o when_o you_o have_v put_v a_o just_a connterpoize_n in_o the_o other_o scale_n suffer_v the_o lead_n to_o sink_v in_o a_o ressel_n of_o water_n till_o it_o be_v perfect_o cover_v with_o it_o but_o hang_v free_o in_o it_o the_o counterpoise_n will_v very_o much_o preponderance_n and_o part_n of_o the_o counterpoise_n be_v take_v out_o till_o the_o ballatice_n be_v again_o reduce_v to_o a_o aequilibrium_fw-la you_o may_v easy_o by_o subduct_v what_o you_o have_v take_v out_o and_o compare_v it_o with_o the_o whole_a weight_n of_o the_o lead_n in_o the_o air_n find_v what_o part_n of_o its_o weight_n it_o lose_v in_o the_o water_n and_o then_o if_o you_o weigh_v any_o other_o piece_n of_o the_o same_o lead_n suppose_v a_o lump_n of_o 12_o ounce_n and_o hang_v it_o by_o a_o horse_n hair_n at_o one_o scale_n you_o may_v be_v sure_a that_o by_o put_v into_o the_o other_o scale_v a_o weight_n less_o by_o a_o twelve_o part_n suppose_v lead_n to_o water_n to_o be_v as_o twelve_o to_o one_o that_o be_v eleven_o ounce_n though_o the_o weight_n be_v far_o from_o a_o aequilibrium_fw-la in_o the_o air_n they_o will_v be_v reduce_v to_o it_o when_o the_o lead_v it_o cover_v with_o water_n the_o pressure_n of_o water_n against_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o body_n immerse_v in_o it_o may_v be_v confirm_v by_o add_v that_o we_o may_v thence_o deduce_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o emergency_n of_o wood_n and_o other_o body_n light_a than_o water_n which_o though_o a_o familiar_a effect_n i_o have_v not_o find_v its_o cause_n to_o have_v be_v so_o much_o as_o inquire_v into_o by_o many_o nor_o perhaps_o to_o have_v be_v well_o render_v by_o any_o if_o we_o suppose_v then_o that_o the_o pipe_n be_v almost_o fill_v not_o with_o a_o sink_n but_o a_o swim_a oil_n as_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n if_o as_o in_o the_o first_o experiment_n the_o low_a orifice_n be_v thrust_v under_o water_n to_o a_o far_o less_o depth_n then_o that_o of_o the_o oil_n in_o the_o pipe_n and_o the_o upper_a be_v slow_o unstopped_a the_o oil_n will_v as_o we_o former_o declare_v get_v out_o in_o drop_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o pipe_n but_o to_o determine_v why_o these_o drop_n be_v quite_o cover_v and_o surround_v with_o water_n and_o press_v by_o it_o as_o well_o downwards_o as_o upwards_o shall_v rather_o emerge_n then_o descend_v i_o shall_v not_o content_v myself_o to_o say_v that_o water_n in_o specie_fw-la heavy_a than_o this_o kind_n of_o oil_n for_o beside_o that_o in_o some_o case_n ere_o long_o to_o be_v mention_v i_o have_v make_v the_o water_n to_o depress_v even_o this_o kind_n off_o oil_n and_o beside_o that_o it_o be_v not_o every_o piece_n of_o wood_n light_a in_o specie_fw-la then_o water_n that_o will_v float_v upon_o water_n how_o shallow_a soever_o it_o be_v the_o question_n be_v how_o this_o praepollent_a gravity_n of_o the_o water_n come_v to_o raise_v up_o the_o oil_n though_o there_o be_v perchance_o much_o more_o water_n for_o it_o to_o break_v its_o way_n through_o above_o it_o then_o beneath_o it_o the_o reason_n then_o of_o the_o emersion_n of_o light_a body_n in_o heavy_a fluid_n seem_v to_o be_v this_o that_o the_o endeavour_n upward_o of_o the_o water_n contiguous_a to_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v strong_a than_o the_o endeavour_n downward_o of_o the_o same_o body_n and_o the_o water_n incumbent_a on_o it_o as_o in_o the_o former_a scheme_n suppose_v the_o drop_n g_o to_o be_v the_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n and_o to_o touch_v the_o two_o imaginary_a and_o parallel_a plain_n h_n i_o k_o l_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o upon_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o drop_n n_o there_o be_v a_o great_a pressure_n of_o water_n then_o upon_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o same_o drop_n m_o because_o that_o upon_o all_o the_o surface_n k_o l_o there_o be_v but_o a_o uniform_a pressure_n of_o water_n a_o k_o b_o l_o and_o upon_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o surface_n h_n i_o there_o be_v a_o great_a weight_n of_o water_n a_o h_n b_o i_o except_o at_o the_o part_n n_o for_o there_o the_o oil_n g_o be_v not_o so_o heavy_a as_o so_o much_o water_n the_o oil_n be_v expose_v to_o a_o great_a pressure_n from_o beneath_o than_o its_o own_o gravity_n and_o that_o of_o the_o water_n incumbent_a on_o it_o will_v enable_v it_o to_o resist_v must_v necessary_o give_v way_n and_o be_v impel_v upward_o and_o the_o case_n be_v the_o same_o between_o that_o and_o any_o other_o parallel_n plain_a wheresoever_o we_o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v in_o its_o ascent_n it_o must_v consequent_o be_v impel_v further_a and_o further_o upward_o till_o it_o arrive_v at_o the_o top_n and_o there_o it_o will_v float_v upon_o the_o water_n or_o to_o explicate_v the_o matter_n without_o figure_n when_o a_o specifical_o light_a body_n be_v immerse_v under_o water_n it_o be_v press_v against_o by_o two_o pillar_n of_o water_n the_o one_o bear_v against_o the_o upper_a and_o the_o other_o against_o the_o low_a part_n and_o because_o the_o length_n of_o both_o these_o pillar_n must_v be_v compute_v from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o immersed_a body_n must_v be_v press_v upon_o by_o a_o pillar_n long_o than_o the_o upper_a part_n by_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o immersed_a body_n and_o consequent_o must_v be_v press_v more_o upward_o then_o downward_o and_o by_o how_o much_o the_o great_a disparity_n of_o specific_a gravity_n there_o be_v betwixt_o the_o water_n and_o the_o emerge_a body_n by_o so_o much_o the_o swift_a caeteris_fw-la paribus_fw-la it_o will_v ascend_v because_o so_o much_o the_o more_o will_v there_o be_v of_o pressure_n upon_o all_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o imaginary_a surface_n then_o upon_o that_o part_n that_o happen_v to_o be_v contiguous_a to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o ascend_a body_n and_o upon_o the_o same_o ground_n we_o may_v give_v what_o we_o have_v not_o yet_o meet_v with_o a_o good_a solution_n of_o that_o problem_n propose_v by_o hydrostatical_a writer_n why_o if_o a_o cylindrical_a stick_n be_v cut_v in_o two_o part_n the_o one_o as_o long_o again_o as_o the_o other_o and_o both_o of_o they_o have_v be_v detain_v under_o water_n at_o the_o same_o depth_n be_v let_v go_v at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o permit_v to_o emerge_n the_o great_a will_v rise_v fast_o than_o the_o lesser_a for_o suppose_v one_o of_o these_o body_n as_o o_o p_o to_o be_v two_o foot_n high_a and_o the_o other_o q_o r_o to_o be_v half_a so_o much_o and_o that_o the_o lowermost_a surface_n of_o both_o be_v in_o the_o same_o imaginary_a plain_n parallel_n to_o the_o uppermost_a surface_n of_o the_o water_n and_o three_o foot_n distant_a from_o it_o in_o this_o case_n there_o will_v be_v against_o the_o low_a part_n of_o each_o of_o the_o wooden_a body_n a_o pressure_n from_o the_o lateral_o superior_a water_n equal_a to_o that_o upon_o all_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o imaginary_a plain_n whereto_o those_o body_n be_v contiguous_a but_o whereas_o upon_o the_o upper_a surface_n of_o the_o short_a body_n q_n r_o there_o will_v lean_v a_o pillar_n of_o water_n two_o foot_n high_a the_o pillar_n of_o the_o same_o liquor_n that_o will_v lean_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tall_a body_n p_o o_o will_v be_v but_o one_o foot_n high_a as_o the_o attentive_a considerer_n will_v easy_o perceive_v so_o that_o the_o wooden_a body_n being_n light_a in_o specie_fw-la then_o water_n both_o of_o they_o will_v be_v impel_v upward_o but_o that_o compound_a pillar_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v it_o which_o consist_v of_o one_o foot_n of_o wood_n and_o two_o foot_n of_o water_n will_v by_o its_o gravity_n more_o resist_v the_o be_v raise_v then_o that_o which_o consist_v of_o two_o foot_n of_o wood_n and_o but_o one_o foot_n of_o water_n so_o that_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o unequal_a celerity_n in_o the_o ascension_n of_o these_o body_n consist_v chiefl_o for_o i_o will_v neither_o overvalue_v nor_o exclude_v concomitant_a cause_n that_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o pressure_n against_o the_o upper_a and_o low_a part_n of_o each_o body_n respective_o be_v great_a in_o one_o then_o in_o the_o other_o and_o hence_o we_o may_v probable_o deduce_v a_o reason_n of_o what_o we_o often_o observe_v in_o the_o distillation_n of_o the_o oil_n of_o annisseed_n clove_n and_o diverse_a aromatic_a vegetable_n in_o lembeck_n by_o the_o
the_o pressure_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la atmosphaere_n this_o bubble_n be_v like_o a_o pear_n with_o its_o stem_n furnish_v with_o a_o very_a slender_a pipe_n of_o glass_n at_o which_o it_o be_v blow_v that_o it_o may_v be_v ready_o seal_v up_o and_o then_o the_o air_n within_o it_o be_v by_o the_o flame_n of_o the_o lamp_n gradual_o rarify_v as_o much_o as_o convenient_o can_v be_v whilst_o the_o body_n of_o the_o bubble_n be_v exceed_v hot_a the_o new_o mention_v stem_n be_v nimble_o put_v into_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o flame_n where_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o slenderness_n the_o glass_n which_o be_v exceed_v thin_a be_v immediate_o melt_v whereby_o the_o bubble_n be_v hermetical_o seal_v up_o this_o glass_n be_v permit_v leisurely_o to_o cool_v i_o can_v afterward_o keep_v it_o by_o i_o a_o hour_n or_o a_o day_n or_o a_o week_n or_o long_o if_o i_o think_v fit_a and_o when_o i_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o show_v the_o experiment_n i_o put_v it_o in_o one_o of_o the_o scale_n of_o a_o exact_a balance_n that_o will_v turn_v perhaps_o with_o the_o 30_o or_o 50th_o or_o a_o less_o part_n of_o a_o grain_n and_o have_v careful_o counterpoise_v it_o i_o then_o wary_o break_v off_o the_o seal_a end_n place_v a_o sheet_n of_o paper_n just_a under_o the_o scale_n to_o receive_v the_o fragment_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o put_v in_o again_o those_o fragment_n that_o scale_n wherein_o the_o glass_n be_v will_v considerable_o preponderate_v which_o it_o must_v do_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o air_n there_o be_v no_o other_o cause_n either_o needful_a or_o just_o assignable_a but_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n that_o rush_v into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o glass_n as_o find_v less_o resistance_n there_o then_o elsewhere_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o include_v aire_n have_v its_o spring_n much_o weaken_v by_o its_o great_a expansion_n this_o experiment_n i_o many_o time_n try_v sometime_o before_o some_o virtuoso_n and_o sometime_o before_o other_o who_o all_o allow_v it_o to_o be_v conclusive_a for_o here_o it_o can_v not_o be_v object_v as_o against_o the_o weigh_v of_o air_n in_o a_o bladder_n which_o objection_n yet_o i_o can_v easy_o answer_v if_o it_o be_v now_o proper_a that_o the_o air_n which_o ponderate_v it_o stuff_v with_o the_o effluvia_fw-la of_o he_o that_o blow_v the_o bladder_n and_o beside_o that_o be_v not_o air_n in_o its_o natural_a state_n but_o violent_o compress_v for_o here_o it_o be_v the_o free_a air_n and_o in_o its_o wont_a laxity_n that_o make_v the_o glass_n preponderate_a and_o that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a ingress_n of_o the_o external_a air_n be_v evident_a by_o these_o three_o phaenomena_n the_o one_o that_o if_o you_o lend_v a_o attentive_a ear_n you_o shall_v plain_o hear_v a_o kind_n of_o whistle_a noise_n to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o external_a air_n as_o it_o rush_v violent_o in_o upon_o the_o break_n of_o the_o glass_n the_o other_o that_o the_o rarefaction_n of_o the_o air_n seal_v up_o in_o the_o bubble_n be_v very_o great_a there_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o space_n leave_v for_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n to_o fill_v upon_o its_o admission_n and_o the_o greatness_n of_o this_o rarefaction_n may_v be_v guess_v at_o both_o by_o the_o break_n of_o such_o bubble_n now_o and_o then_o by_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o external_n air_n which_o be_v not_o competent_o assist_v by_o the_o internal_a to_o resist_v and_o also_o by_o the_o three_o phaenomenon_n i_o intend_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o namely_o that_o if_o instead_o of_o break_v off_o the_o seal_a end_n of_o the_o glass_n in_o the_o air_n you_o break_v it_o under_o water_n that_o liquor_n will_v by_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphaere_n be_v force_v to_o spring_v up_o like_o a_o artificial_a fountain_n into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o bubble_n and_o fill_v about_o three_o quarter_n of_o it_o by_o which_o last_o circumstance_n i_o gather_v that_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n be_v more_o considerable_a than_o even_o many_o who_o admit_v the_o air_n to_o have_v weight_n seem_v to_o imagine_v for_o we_o must_v not_o suppose_v that_o all_o the_o air_n contain_v in_o the_o bubble_n when_o break_v weigh_v no_o more_o than_o the_o weight_n requisite_a in_o the_o opposite_a scale_n to_o reduce_v the_o balance_n to_o a_o aequilibrium_fw-la since_o this_o additional_a weight_n be_v only_o that_o of_o the_o air_n that_o intrude_v on_o the_o break_n of_o the_o glass_n which_o air_n by_o the_o observation_n new_o mention_v to_o have_v be_v make_v with_o water_n appear_v to_o be_v but_o about_o three_o quarter_n of_o the_o whole_a air_n contain_v in_o the_o break_a bubble_n and_o yet_o according_a both_o to_o our_o estimate_n and_o that_o of_o divers_a virtuoso_n and_o some_o of_o they_o eminent_a mathematician_n when_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o bubble_n be_v short_a of_o two_o cubical_a inch_n and_o so_o proportionable_o in_o other_o glass_n the_o nice_a balance_n we_o use_v manifest_v the_o new_o admit_v air_n to_o amount_v to_o some_o time_n near_o half_a a_o grain_n and_o sometime_o beyond_o it_o and_o because_o one_o of_o the_o last_o experiment_n that_o i_o make_v to_o this_o purpose_n with_o seal_a bubble_n be_v none_o of_o the_o least_o accurate_a i_o shall_v conclude_v this_o subject_a with_o the_o follow_a account_n of_o it_o a_o thin_a glass_n bubble_n blow_v at_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o lamp_n and_o hermetical_o seal_v when_o the_o contain_v air_n be_v exceed_o rarify_v be_v counterpoise_v in_o a_o nice_a pair_n of_o scale_n and_o then_o the_o seal_a apex_n be_v break_v off_o and_o put_v again_o into_o the_o same_o scale_n the_o weight_n appear_v to_o be_v increase_v by_o the_o readmit_v air_n a_o pretty_a deal_n above_o 11_o 16_o this_o and_o consequent_o very_o near_o if_o not_o full_a ¾_n of_o a_o grain_n last_o have_v by_o some_o slight_n for_o it_o be_v no_o very_a easy_a matter_n fill_v it_o with_o common_a water_n we_o weigh_v the_o glass_n and_o water_n together_o and_o find_v the_o latter_a beside_o the_o former_a to_o amount_v to_o 906_o grain_n so_o that_o suppose_v according_a to_o our_o former_a estimate_n countenance_v by_o some_o trial_n that_o the_o readmit_v air_n which_o amount_v to_o ¾_n of_o a_o grain_n fill_v but_o ¾_n of_o the_o whole_a cavity_n of_o the_o bubble_n the_o air_n that_o be_v in_o it_o when_o seal_v possess_v one_o quarter_n of_o that_o cavity_n the_o whole_a air_n contain_v in_o the_o bubble_n may_v be_v reasonable_o presume_v to_o weigh_v a_o whole_a grain_n in_o which_o case_n we_o may_v conclude_v abstract_v from_o some_o little_a nicety_n not_o fit_a to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o here_o as_o elsewhere_o that_o the_o water_n in_o our_o experiment_n weigh_v very_o little_o more_o than_o nine_o hundred_o time_n as_o much_o as_o a_o equal_a quantity_n of_o air_n and_o therefore_o though_o we_o allow_v that_o in_o a_o experiment_n so_o diligent_o make_v as_o this_o be_v the_o air_n praexistent_a in_o the_o bubble_n do_v not_o adaequate_o possess_v so_o much_o as_o a_o four_o part_n but_o about_o a_o five_o or_o a_o six_o of_o its_o cavity_n the_o air_n will_v yet_o appear_v so_o heavy_a that_o this_o experiment_n will_v agree_v well_o with_o those_o other_o record_v in_o another_o treatise_n wherein_o we_o assign_v numero_fw-la rotundo_fw-la a_o thousand_o to_o one_o for_o the_o proportion_n wherein_o the_o specific_a gravity_n of_o water_n exceed_v that_o of_o air_n paradox_n i._n that_o in_o water_n and_o other_o fluid_n the_o low_a part_n be_v press_v by_o the_o upper_a provide_v a_o glass_n vessel_n of_o a_o convenient_a height_n and_o breadth_n a._n b._n c._n d._n fill_v with_o water_n almost_o to_o the_o top_n then_o take_v a_o glass_n pipe_n open_v at_o both_o end_n cylindrical_n and_o of_o a_o small_a boar_n as_o about_o the_o eight_o or_o six_o part_n of_o a_o inch_n in_o diameter_n put_v the_o low_a end_n of_o this_o pipe_n into_o clear_a oil_n or_o spirit_n of_o turpentine_n and_o have_v by_o suction_n raise_v the_o liquor_n to_o what_o part_n of_o the_o pipe_n you_o think_v fit_a as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v there_o you_o must_v very_o nimble_o remove_v your_o lip_n stop_v the_o upper_a orifice_n with_o the_o pulp_n of_o your_o finger_n that_o the_o raise_v liquor_n may_v not_o fall_v back_o again_o then_o take_v the_o pipe_n and_o that_o liquor_n out_o of_o the_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n place_v it_o perpendicular_o in_o the_o glass_n of_o water_n so_o as_o that_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o oil_n in_o the_o pipe_n be_v somewhat_o high_a than_o that_o of_o the_o water_n without_o the_o pipe_n and_o have_v so_o do_v though_o you_o take_v off_o your_o finger_n from_o the_o upper_a orifice_n of_o the_o pipe_n
to_o this_o doctrine_n i_o can_v admit_v our_o author_n reason_v that_o because_o a_o man_n body_n be_v bulk_n for_o bulk_n heavy_a than_o water_n therefore_o the_o water_n do_v not_o endeavour_v to_o place_v its_o self_n beneath_o it_o for_o water_n be_v a_o heavy_a body_n derive_v from_o the_o cause_n of_o its_o gravity_n what_o ever_o that_o be_v a_o incessant_a endeavour_n towards_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o reason_n why_o it_o be_v happen_v to_o be_v incumbent_a on_o a_o body_n heavy_a in_o specie_fw-la then_o itself_o shall_v destroy_v that_o endeavour_n and_o therefore_o though_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o the_o water_n do_v not_o endeavour_v to_o place_v itself_o beneath_o a_o humane_a body_n because_o indeed_o a_o inanimate_a liquor_n can_v proper_o be_v say_v to_o act_v for_o this_o or_o any_o other_o end_n yet_o the_o water_n be_v a_o heavy_a body_n tend_v continual_o towards_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o therefore_o will_v get_v beneath_o any_o body_n that_o be_v place_v betwixt_o it_o and_o that_o without_o regard_n whether_o the_o inferior_a body_n be_v heavy_a or_o light_a in_o specie_fw-la then_o itself_o as_o far_o as_o the_o degree_n of_o its_o gravity_n will_v enable_v it_o nor_o will_v it_o ever_o rest_n till_o it_o have_v reach_v the_o lowermost_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n if_o the_o great_a ponderousness_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o other_o heavy_a body_n do_v not_o hinder_v not_o its_o endeavour_n downward_o nor_o its_o pressure_n upon_o subjacent_a body_n but_o only_o its_o actual_a descent_n this_o learned_a author_n himself_o tell_v we_o as_o well_o as_o stevinus_n and_o other_o that_o have_v write_v of_o the_o hydrostaticks_n unanimous_o teach_v that_o if_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o vessel_n be_v parallel_n to_o the_o horizon_n the_o weight_n of_o water_n that_o rest_v upon_o it_o be_v equal_a to_o a_o pillar_n of_o water_n have_v that_o bottom_n for_o its_o basis_n and_o for_o its_o height_n a_o perpendicular_a reach_v thence_o to_o the_o uppermost_a surface_n of_o the_o water_n nor_o be_v it_o reasonable_a to_o conceive_v that_o there_o will_v be_v any_o difference_n in_o this_o pressure_n of_o the_o incumbent_a water_n whether_o the_o bottom_n be_v of_o deal_n that_o will_v swim_v or_o of_o box_n that_o will_v sink_v in_o water_n or_o to_o speak_v more_o general_o whether_o it_o be_v of_o wood_n in_o specie_fw-la light_a than_o water_n or_o of_o copper_n or_o some_o other_o metal_n that_o be_v in_o specie_fw-la heavy_a than_o it_o and_o since_o water_n be_v not_o a_o solid_a body_n but_o a_o fluid_a consist_v as_o other_o fluid_n of_o innumerable_a corpuscle_n that_o though_o extreme_o minute_n have_v their_o own_o size_n and_o figure_n and_o since_o the_o pressure_n of_o water_n upon_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o vessel_n be_v proportionate_a to_o its_o perpendicular_a height_n over_o the_o bottom_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o upper_a corpuscle_n press_v the_o bottom_n as_o well_o as_o the_o low_a which_o since_o they_o can_v do_v immediate_o they_o must_v do_v by_o press_v the_o intermediate_v one_o and_o i_o have_v already_o show_v discourse_v one_o of_o the_o former_a paradox_n that_o the_o superior_a part_n of_o water_n do_v not_o only_o press_v those_o that_o be_v direct_o under_o they_o but_o communicate_v a_o pressure_n to_o those_o that_o be_v aside_o of_o they_o and_o at_o a_o distance_n from_o they_o and_o if_o it_o be_v object_v that_o water_n endeavour_n to_o get_v beneath_o a_o bottom_n of_o glass_n vessel_n or_o other_o body_n heavy_a in_o specie_fw-la then_o its_o self_n because_o under_o that_o bottom_n there_o be_v air_n which_o be_v a_o body_n light_a in_o specie_fw-la then_o water_n i_o say_v that_o this_o be_v precarious_a for_o the_o indisputable_a gravity_n of_o the_o water_n be_v alone_o sufficient_a to_o make_v it_o always_o tend_v downward_o though_o it_o can_v always_o move_v downward_o what_o ever_o body_n be_v beneath_o it_o and_o who_o can_v assure_v the_o maker_n of_o this_o objection_n that_o there_o be_v not_o beneath_o even_o the_o bottom_n of_o river_n or_o of_o the_o sea_n where_o yet_o they_o say_v water_n be_v consistent_a and_o rest_v as_o in_o its_o own_o place_n vast_a space_n replenish_v but_o with_o air_n fume_n or_o fire_n or_o some_o other_o body_n light_a than_o water_n for_o not_o to_o mention_v that_o the_o cartesian_o take_v the_o earth_n we_o tread_v on_o to_o be_v but_o a_o thin_a crust_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n who_o inside_n as_o far_o as_o the_o centre_n be_v replenish_v with_o a_o subtle_a fluid_fw-la matter_n like_o that_o whereof_o the_o sun_n consist_v we_o know_v that_o in_o some_o place_n as_o particular_o at_o a_o famous_a coal-mine_a in_o scotland_n there_o be_v great_a cavity_n that_o reach_v a_o good_a way_n under_o that_o ground_n that_o serve_v there_o for_o a_o bottom_n to_o the_o sea_n so_o that_o for_o aught_o these_o objector_n know_v even_o according_a to_o their_o own_o doctrine_n the_o water_n even_o in_o the_o sea_n may_v endeavour_v to_o get_v beneath_o a_o body_n heavy_a in_o specie_fw-la then_o itself_o but_o for_o my_o part_n i_o can_v but_o think_v that_o to_o imagine_v the_o water_n know_v whether_o or_o no_o there_o be_v air_n or_o some_o light_a body_n than_o itself_o beneath_o the_o body_n it_o lean_v on_o and_o the_o superior_a part_n do_v according_o exercise_v or_o suspend_v their_o pressure_n upon_o the_o inferior_a be_v to_o forget_v that_o it_o be_v a_o heavy_a liquor_n and_o a_o inanimate_a body_n another_o solution_n there_o be_v of_o this_o hydrostatical_a problem_n we_o have_v be_v discourse_v of_o which_o i_o meet_v with_o in_o a_o print_a letter_n of_o mounseur_fw-fr des_fw-mi cartes_n in_o these_o term_n je_fw-fr ne_fw-fr i_o etc._n etc._n i_o remember_v not_o what_o reason_n it_o be_v that_o stevinus_n give_v 32._o why_o one_o feel_v not_o weight_n of_o water_n when_o one_o be_v under_o it_o but_o the_o true_a one_o be_v that_o there_o can_v no_o more_o of_o water_n gravitate_fw-la upon_o the_o body_n that_o be_v in_o it_o or_o under_o it_o then_o as_o much_o water_n as_o can_v descend_v in_o case_n that_o body_n leave_v its_o place_n thus_o for_o example_n 22._o if_o there_o be_v a_o man_n in_o the_o barrel_n b_o that_o shall_v with_o his_o body_n so_o stop_v the_o hole_n a_o as_o to_o hinder_v the_o water_n get_v out_o he_o will_v feel_v upon_o himself_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o whole_a cylinder_n of_o water_n a_o b_o c_o of_o which_o i_o suppose_v the_o basis_n to_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o hole_n a_o for_o as_o much_o as_o if_o he_o sink_v down_o through_o the_o hole_n all_o the_o cylinder_n of_o water_n will_v descend_v too_o but_o if_o he_o be_v a_o little_a high_o as_o about_o b_o so_o that_o he_o do_v no_o long_o hinder_v the_o water_n from_o run_v out_o at_o the_o hole_n a_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o feel_v any_o weight_n of_o the_o water_n which_o be_v over_o he_o betwixt_o b_o and_o c_o because_o if_o he_o shall_v descend_v towards_o a_o that_o water_n will_v not_o descend_v with_o he_o but_o contrariwise_o a_o part_n of_o the_o water_n which_o be_v beneath_o he_o towards_o a_o of_o equal_a bulk_n to_o his_o body_n will_v ascend_v into_o its_o place_n so_o that_o in_o stead_n of_o feel_v the_o water_n to_o press_v he_o from_o the_o top_n downward_o he_o ought_v to_o feel_v that_o it_o buoy_v he_o upward_o from_o the_o bottom_n which_o by_o experience_n we_o see_v thus_o far_o this_o subtle_a philosopher_n for_o who_o ratiocination_n though_o i_o be_o wont_a to_o have_v much_o respect_n yet_o i_o must_v take_v the_o liberty_n to_o confess_v myself_o unsatisfy_a with_o this_o for_o have_v already_o sufficient_o prove_v that_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o water_n press_v the_o low_a and_o the_o body_n place_v beneath_o they_o whether_o such_o body_n be_v light_a in_o specie_fw-la then_o water_n or_o heavy_a we_o have_v subvert_v the_o foundation_n upon_o which_o monsieur_n cartes_n ingenious_a though_o unsatisfactory_a explication_n be_v build_v and_o yet_o i_o shall_v add_v ex_fw-la abundanti_fw-la that_o suppose_v what_o he_o say_v that_o in_o case_n the_o solid_a b_o shall_v descend_v towards_o a_o the_o incumbent_a water_n will_v not_o descend_v with_o it_o but_o a_o part_n of_o the_o subjacent_a water_n equal_a in_o bulk_n to_o the_o solid_a will_v ascend_v and_o succeed_v in_o its_o room_n yet_o that_o be_v but_o accidental_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o steinchness_n and_o fullness_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o though_o indeed_o the_o superior_a water_n can_v actual_o descend_v upon_o the_o depression_n of_o the_o solid_a at_o b_o if_z at_o the_o same_o time_n while_o that_o body_n descend_v a_o equal_a bulk_n of_o water_n succeed_v in_o its_o
the_o fluid_fw-la and_o that_o increase_v as_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o immersed_a body_n beneath_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o fluid_a increase_v 142_o par._n 8._o that_o water_n may_v be_v make_v as_o well_o to_o depress_v a_o body_n light_a than_o itself_o as_o to_o buoy_v it_o up_o 160_o par._n 9_o that_o what_o ever_o be_v say_v of_o positive_a levity_n a_o parcel_n of_o oil_n light_a than_o water_n may_v be_v keep_v in_o water_n without_o ascend_v in_o it_o 165_o par._n 10._o that_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o ascension_n of_o water_n in_o syphom_n and_o of_o its_o flow_n through_o they_o may_v be_v explicate_v without_o have_v a_o recourse_n to_o nature_n abhorrency_n of_o a_o vacuum_n 170_o par._n 11._o that_o a_o solid_a body_n as_o ponderous_a as_o any_o yet_o know_v though_o near_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n it_o will_v sink_v by_o in_o own_o weight_n yet_o if_o it_o be_v place_v at_o a_o great_a depth_n then_o that_o of_o twenty_o time_n its_o own_o thickness_n it_o will_v not_o sink_v if_o its_o discern_v be_v not_o assist_v by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a water_n 184_o appendix_n 1._o contain_v a_o answer_n to_o seven_o objection_n propose_v by_o a_o late_a learned_a writer_n to_o evince_v that_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o water_n press_v not_o upon_o the_o low_a 193_o ap._n 2._o concern_v the_o reason_n why_o divers_a &_o other_o who_o descend_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o oppress_v by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a water_n 221_o imprimatur_fw-la robertus_fw-la say_v vicecancellarius_a oxon_n hydrostatical_a paradox_n make_v out_o by_o new_a experiment_n present_v to_o the_o royal_a society_n the_o lord_n viscount_n brouncker_fw-ge being_n then_o precedent_n may_v 1664._o my_o lord_n to_o obey_v the_o order_n of_o the_o society_n that_o forbid_v the_o make_n of_o preface_n and_o apology_n in_o account_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o that_o which_o you_o expect_v from_o i_o i_o shall_v without_o any_o further_a preamble_n begin_v with_o take_v notice_n that_o upon_o perusal_n of_o paschall_n small_a french_a book_n which_o be_v put_v into_o my_o hand_n i_o find_v it_o to_o consist_v of_o two_o distinct_a treatise_n the_o one_o of_o the_o aequilibrium_fw-la of_o liquor_n as_o he_o call_v it_o and_o the_o other_o of_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o mass_n of_o the_o air._n as_o for_o this_o latter_a which_o i_o shall_v mention_v first_o because_o i_o can_v in_o very_o few_o word_n dispatch_v the_o little_a i_o have_v to_o say_v of_o it_o though_o it_o be_v a_o ingenious_a discourse_n and_o contain_v thing_n which_o if_o they_o have_v be_v publish_v at_o the_o time_n when_o it_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v write_v will_v probable_o have_v be_v very_o welcome_a to_o the_o curious_a yet_o i_o have_v very_o little_a else_o to_o say_v of_o it_o in_o this_o place_n in_o regard_n that_o since_o that_o time_n such_o kind_n of_o experiment_n have_v be_v so_o prosecute_v that_o i_o presume_v it_o be_v needless_a and_o will_v not_o be_v acceptable_a to_o repeat_v what_o monsieur_n paschall_n have_v write_v in_o this_o society_n which_o have_v see_v the_o same_o truth_n and_o divers_a other_o of_o the_o like_a nature_n more_o clear_o make_v out_o by_o experiment_n which_o can_v not_o be_v make_v by_o mounseur_fw-fr paschall_n and_o those_o other_o learned_a man_n that_o want_v the_o advantage_n of_o such_o engine_n and_o instrument_n as_o have_v in_o this_o place_n be_v frequent_o make_v use_n of_o wherefore_o have_v already_o at_o a_o former_a meeting_n give_v you_o by_o word_n of_o mouth_n a_o account_n of_o paschall_n ingenious_a invention_n of_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_o without_o vent_n to_o measure_v the_o various_a pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphaere_n i_o remember_v nothing_o else_o that_o needs_o hinder_v i_o from_o proceed_v to_o the_o other_o part_n of_o his_o book_n the_o treatise_n of_o the_o aequilibrium_fw-la of_o liquor_n this_o i_o find_v so_o short_a and_o so_o worthy_a of_o the_o author_n that_o to_o give_v you_o all_o that_o i_o judge_v worth_n take_v notice_n of_o in_o it_o will_v oblige_v i_o to_o transcribe_v almost_o the_o whole_a tract_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v rather_o invite_v you_o to_o read_v the_o whole_a then_o divert_v you_o from_o the_o design_n by_o cull_v out_o any_o part_n of_o it_o yet_o if_o you_o will_v not_o be_v satisfy_v without_o something_o of_o more_o particular_a i_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o tell_v you_o that_o the_o discourse_n consist_v partly_o of_o conclusion_n and_o partly_o of_o experiment_n the_o former_a seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v almost_o all_o of_o they_o there_o be_v but_o few_o that_o i_o doubt_v of_o consonant_n to_o the_o principle_n and_o law_n of_o the_o hydrostaticks_n but_o as_o for_o the_o latter_a the_o experimental_a proof_n he_o offer_v of_o his_o opinion_n be_v such_o that_o i_o confess_v i_o have_v no_o mind_n to_o make_v use_n of_o they_o and_o the_o reason_n why_o notwithstanding_o that_o i_o like_v most_o of_o paschall_n assertion_n i_o decline_v employ_v his_o way_n of_o prove_v they_o be_v principal_o these_o first_o because_o though_o the_o experiment_n he_o mention_n be_v deliver_v in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o be_v usual_a in_o mention_v matter_n of_o fact_n yet_o i_o remember_v not_o that_o he_o express_o say_v that_o he_o actual_o try_v they_o and_o therefore_o he_o may_v possible_o have_v set_v they_o down_o as_o thing_n that_o must_v happen_v upon_o a_o just_a confidence_n that_o he_o be_v not_o mistake_v in_o his_o ratiocination_n and_o of_o the_o reasonableness_n of_o this_o doubt_n of_o i_o i_o shall_v ere_o long_o have_v occasion_n to_o give_v a_o instance_n second_o whether_o or_o no_o monsieur_n paschall_n ever_o make_v these_o experiment_n himself_o he_o do_v not_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v very_o desirous_a that_o other_o shall_v make_v they_o after_o he_o for_o he_o suppose_v the_o phaenomena_n he_o build_v upon_o to_o be_v produce_v fifteen_o or_o twenty_o foot_n under_o water_n and_o one_o of_o they_o require_v that_o a_o man_n shall_v sit_v there_o with_o the_o end_n of_o a_o tube_n lean_v upon_o his_o thigh_n but_o he_o neither_o teach_v we_o how_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v enable_v to_o continue_v under_o water_n nor_o how_o in_o a_o great_a cistern_n full_a of_o water_n twenty_o foot_n deep_a the_o experimenter_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o discern_v the_o alteration_n that_o happen_v to_o mercury_n and_o other_o body_n at_o the_o bottom_n and_o three_o these_o experiment_n require_v not_o only_o tube_v twenty_o foot_n long_o and_o a_o great_a vessel_n of_o at_o least_o as_o many_o foot_n in_o depth_n which_o will_v not_o in_o this_o country_n be_v easy_o procure_v but_o they_o require_v brass_n cylinder_n or_o plugg_n make_v with_o a_o exactness_n that_o though_o easy_o suppose_v by_o a_o mathematician_n will_v scarce_o be_v find_v obtainable_a from_o a_o tradesman_n these_o difficulty_n make_v the_o experiment_n propose_v by_o monsieur_n paschall_n more_o ingenious_a than_o practicable_a i_o be_v induce_v on_o this_o occasion_n to_o bethink_v myself_o of_o a_o far_o more_o expeditious_a way_n to_o make_v out_o not_o only_o most_o of_o the_o conclusion_n wherein_o we_o agree_v but_o other_o that_o he_o mention_n not_o and_o this_o with_o so_o much_o more_o ease_n and_o clearness_n that_o not_o only_o this_o illustrious_a assembly_n but_o person_n no_o more_o than_o moderate_o verse_v in_o the_o vulgar_a principle_n of_o the_o hydrostaticks_n may_v easy_o enough_o apprehend_v what_o be_v design_v to_o be_v deliver_v if_o they_o will_v but_o bring_v with_o they_o a_o due_a attention_n and_o mind_n dispose_v to_o prefer_v reason_n and_o experience_n to_o vulgar_a opinion_n and_o author_n which_o last_o clause_n i_o annex_v because_o the_o follow_a discourse_n pretend_v to_o confute_v several_a of_o those_o challenge_v a_o right_a to_o except_v against_o their_o authority_n it_o not_o be_v my_o present_a task_n to_o deliver_v the_o element_n or_o a_o body_n of_o hydrostaticks_n but_o only_o ten_o or_o twelve_o paradox_n which_o i_o conceive_v to_o be_v provable_a by_o this_o new_a way_n of_o make_v they_o out_o i_o shall_v to_o avoid_v confusion_n deliver_v they_o in_o as_o many_o distinct_a proposition_n after_o each_o of_o which_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v in_o a_o proof_n or_o a_o explication_n to_o show_v both_o that_o it_o be_v true_a and_o why_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v so_o to_o all_o these_o i_o shall_v to_o avoid_v needless_a repetition_n premise_v a_o word_n or_o two_o by_o way_n either_o of_o postulatum_fw-la or_o lemma_n and_o because_o i_o remember_v to_o what_o assembly_n i_o address_v this_o discourse_n i_o shall_v make_v use_n of_o no_o other_o than_o a_o easy_a supposition_n i_o meet_v with_o in_o a_o short_a paper_n about_o a_o mercurial_a phaenomenon_n
gravity_n of_o these_o two_o liquor_n the_o inequality_n betwixt_o the_o surface_n x_o and_o the_o surface_n l_o m_o will_v be_v also_o great_a as_o may_v be_v try_v by_o substitute_v for_o common_a water_n oil_n of_o tartar_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la which_o be_v a_o saline_a liquor_n much_o heavy_a than_o it_o and_o that_o in_o case_n the_o pipe_n contain_v not_o a_o light_a liquor_n than_o the_o external_n fluid_fw-la the_o surface_n of_o the_o liquor_n in_o the_o pipe_n will_v not_o be_v high_o than_o that_o of_o the_o liquor_n without_o it_o we_o shall_v by_o and_o by_o have_v opportunity_n to_o manifest_v by_o experience_n from_o what_o have_v be_v hitherto_o show_v we_o may_v safe_o infer_v the_o proposition_n upon_o who_o occasion_n all_o this_o have_v be_v deliver_v for_o since_o the_o oil_n in_o a_o pipe_n open_v at_o both_o end_n may_v be_v keep_v suspend_v in_o any_o part_n under_o water_n as_o at_o q_o because_o it_o be_v there_o in_o a_o aequilibrium_fw-la with_o the_o external_n water_n and_o since_o be_v lift_v up_o in_o the_o water_n as_o from_o q_o to_o saint_n the_o oil_n can_v no_o long_o be_v keep_v suspend_v but_o by_o its_o own_o gravity_n will_v run_v out_o and_o since_o in_o a_o word_n the_o deep_a the_o water_n be_v the_o great_a weight_n and_o pressure_n be_v require_v in_o the_o cylinder_n of_o oil_n to_o be_v able_a to_o countervail_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o water_n and_o keep_v itself_o from_o be_v lift_v up_o thereby_o there_o seem_v no_o cause_n to_o doubt_v but_o that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o water_n incumbent_a on_o the_o superficies_n g_o h_n do_v more_o press_v that_o superficies_n than_o the_o part_n of_o the_o water_n contiguous_a to_o the_o superficies_n i_o k_o do_v press_v that_o and_o consequent_o that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o water_n that_o be_v under_o the_o uppermost_a surface_n of_o it_o be_v press_v by_o those_o of_o the_o same_o fluid_a that_o be_v direct_o over_o they_o as_o we_o see_v also_o that_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o oil_n while_o the_o pipe_n be_v in_o raise_v from_o q_o to_o saint_n depress_v the_o low_a so_o much_o as_o to_o force_v they_o quite_o out_o of_o the_o pipe_n there_o be_v in_o these_o case_n no_o reason_n why_o the_o lowermost_a part_n of_o a_o liquor_n shall_v press_v more_o or_o have_v a_o strong_a endeavour_n against_o any_o other_o liquor_n or_o any_o other_o body_n the_o high_a the_o liquor_n incumbent_a reach_n if_o these_o inferior_a part_n derive_v their_o pessure_n only_o from_o their_o own_o particular_a gravity_n which_o be_v no_o great_a than_o that_o of_o the_o other_o homogeneous_a part_n of_o the_o liquor_n and_o therefore_o they_o must_v derive_v the_o great_a force_n wherewith_o they_o press_v from_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a part_n which_o consequent_o must_v be_v allow_v to_o press_v upon_o they_o but_o before_o i_o proceed_v to_o the_o follow_a proposition_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o mention_v here_o once_o for_o all_o a_o few_o advertisement_n to_o avoid_v the_o necessity_n of_o repeat_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o the_o sequel_n of_o the_o discourse_n and_o first_o what_o be_v here_o say_v of_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o part_n of_o water_n upon_o one_o another_o and_o the_o other_o affection_n that_o we_o shall_v attribute_v to_o it_o in_o the_o follow_a paper_n be_v to_o be_v apply_v to_o heavy_a fluid_n in_o general_a unless_o there_o shall_v appear_v some_o particular_a cause_n of_o except_v some_o of_o they_o in_o particular_a case_n second_o whereas_o i_o late_o intimate_v that_o the_o inequality_n betwixt_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o oil_n in_o the_o pipe_n and_o of_o the_o external_n water_n be_v in_o part_n to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o slenderness_n of_o the_o pipe_n to_o be_v employ_v in_o these_o experiment_n i_o do_v it_o for_o this_o cause_n that_o whatever_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o be_v which_o we_o need_v not_o here_o inquire_v after_o we_o be_v assure_v by_o experience_n as_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o show_v that_o when_o glass_n pipe_v come_v to_o be_v slender_a water_n and_o many_o other_o liquor_n though_o not_o quicksilver_n will_v have_v within_o they_o a_o high_a surface_n then_o that_o of_o the_o same_o liquor_n without_o they_o and_o this_o inequality_n of_o surface_n as_o far_o as_o we_o have_v yet_o try_v increase_v with_o the_o slenderness_n of_o the_o pipe_n but_o this_o as_o to_o our_o present_a experiment_n be_v a_o matter_n of_o so_o little_a moment_n that_o it_o may_v suffice_v to_o have_v intimate_v that_o we_o do_v not_o oversee_v it_o three_o wherefore_o notwithstanding_o this_o little_a inconvenience_n of_o slender_a glass_n we_o think_v it_o expedient_a to_o employ_v such_o in_o the_o follow_a experiment_n because_o we_o find_v that_o in_o those_o of_o a_o wide_a boar_n upon_o such_o little_a inequality_n of_o pressure_n as_o be_v not_o easy_o to_o be_v avoid_v the_o oil_n and_o water_n will_v pass_v by_o one_o another_o in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o pipe_n and_o so_o spoil_v the_o experiment_n which_o require_v that_o the_o oil_n within_o the_o pipe_n be_v keep_v in_o a_o entire_a and_o distinct_a body_n four_o common_a oil_n and_o water_n or_o any_o other_o two_o liquor_n that_o will_v not_o mingle_v may_v serve_v the_o turn_n in_o most_o of_o these_o experiment_n but_o we_o rather_o choose_v oil_n of_o turpentine_n because_o it_o be_v light_a and_o thin_a clear_a and_o colourless_a and_o may_v be_v easy_o have_v in_o quantity_n and_o be_v not_o so_o apt_a to_o spot_v one_o clothes_n or_o obstinate_o to_o adhere_v to_o the_o porous_a body_n it_o chance_v to_o fall_v on_o as_o common_z and_o other_o express_a oil_n and_o for_o their_o sake_n to_o who_o the_o odour_n be_v offensive_a we_o present_o correct_v it_o by_o mingle_v with_o it_o a_o convenient_a quantity_n of_o oil_n of_o rhodium_n or_o some_o other_o chemical_a oil_n that_o be_v odoriferous_a five_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n though_o it_o be_v not_o reckon_v among_o the_o saline_a menstruum_n will_v yet_o as_o we_o elsewhere_o note_v work_v upon_o copper_n and_o so_o by_o digest_v it_o upon_o crude_a file_n of_o that_o metal_n we_o obtain_v a_o deep_a green_a liquor_n which_o may_v be_v make_v use_n of_o instead_o of_o the_o limpid_a oil_n to_o make_v the_o distinction_n of_o the_o liquor_n more_o conspicuous_a six_o and_o for_o the_o same_o purpose_n we_o often_o use_v instead_o of_o clear_a water_n a_o strong_a decoction_n of_o brazill_n or_o logg-wood_n or_o else_o red_a ink_n itself_o i_o say_v a_o strong_a decoction_n because_o unless_o the_o liquor_n be_v so_o deep_o tinge_v as_o to_o appear_v opacous_a in_o the_o glass_n when_o it_o come_v into_o the_o slender_a pipe_n its_o colour_n will_v be_v so_o dilute_v as_o to_o be_v scarce_o discernible_a seven_o in_o the_o shape_n of_o the_o glass_n vessel_n we_o need_v not_o be_v curious_a though_o that_o of_o a_o wide_a mouthed_a jar_n express_v in_o the_o scheme_n be_v for_o some_o use_v more_o convenient_a than_o other_o shape_n the_o depth_n of_o these_o glass_n and_o the_o length_n of_o the_o pipe_n must_v be_v determine_v by_o the_o experiment_n about_o which_o one_o mean_n to_o employ_v they_o to_o make_v out_o the_o first_o paradox_n already_o prove_v a_o glass_n of_o about_o five_o or_o six_o inch_n deep_a and_o a_o pipe_n about_o as_o many_o inch_n long_o will_v serve_v the_o turn_n but_o for_o some_o other_o of_o the_o follow_a experiment_n tall_a cylindrical_a glass_n will_v be_v requisite_a and_o for_o some_o broad_a one_o likewise_o will_v be_v expedient_a eight_o one_o must_v not_o be_v discourage_v by_o not_o be_v able_a at_o the_o first_o or_o second_o time_n to_o suck_v up_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n to_o the_o due_a height_n and_o stop_v it_o with_o one_o finger_n from_o relapse_v but_o one_o must_v try_v again_o and_o again_o especial_o since_o many_o trial_n of_o this_o kind_n may_v be_v make_v in_o a_o few_o minute_n and_o for_o beginner_n it_o be_v a_o safe_a and_o good_a though_o not_o the_o short_a way_n to_o suck_v up_o rather_o more_o liquor_n than_o one_o judge_n will_v be_v needful_a because_o have_v fill_v the_o pipe_n to_o that_o height_n you_o may_v by_o let_v in_o the_o air_n wary_o and_o slow_o between_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o the_o pulp_n of_o your_o finger_n suffer_v so_o much_o liquor_n to_o run_v out_o of_o the_o pipe_n as_o will_v reduce_v it_o to_o the_o height_n you_o desire_v and_o there_o by_o close_o stop_v the_o orifice_n with_o your_o finger_n you_o may_v keep_v it_o suspend_v as_o long_o as_o you_o please_v and_o immerse_v it_o into_o any_o heterogeneous_a liquor_n and_o take_v it_o out_o again_o at_o pleasure_n without_o spill_v any_o of_o it_o by_o which_o slight_a
turpentine_n as_o will_v be_v obvious_a to_o they_o that_o have_v attentive_o consider_v the_o explication_n of_o the_o former_a paradox_n there_o be_v but_o this_o difference_n between_o this_o experiment_n and_o that_o there_o explain_v that_o here_o the_o water_n be_v in_o the_o pipe_n and_o the_o oil_n in_o the_o vessel_n whereas_o there_o the_o oil_n be_v in_o the_o pipe_n and_o the_o water_n in_o the_o vessel_n and_o if_o you_o either_o pour_v more_o oil_n into_o the_o glass_n or_o thrust_v the_o pipe_n deep_o into_o the_o oil_n you_o shall_v see_v that_o the_o water_n will_v be_v buoy_v up_o towards_o the_o top_n of_o the_o pipe_n that_o be_v a_o heavy_a liquor_n will_v be_v lift_v up_o by_o a_o light_a and_o since_o by_o the_o explication_n of_o the_o first_o proposition_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o liquor_n be_v in_o this_o case_n raise_v in_o the_o pipe_n be_v the_o gravity_n of_o the_o liquor_n that_o raise_v it_o we_o must_v allow_v that_o a_o light_a liquor_n in_o specie_fw-la may_v by_o its_o gravity_n press_v against_o a_o heavy_a and_o it_o agree_v very_o well_o with_o our_o explication_n both_o of_o this_o and_o of_o the_o first_o experiment_n that_o as_o there_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o oil_n in_o the_o pipe_n be_v always_o high_a than_o that_o of_o the_o water_n without_o it_o because_o the_o oil_n be_v the_o light_a liquor_n a_o great_a height_n of_o it_o be_v require_v to_o make_v a_o aequilibrium_fw-la so_o in_o our_o present_a experiment_n the_o surface_n of_o the_o liquor_n in_o the_o pipe_n will_v always_o be_v low_a than_o that_o of_o the_o oil_n without_o it_o for_o in_o the_o imaginary_a plain_n e_o f_o figure_n the_o cylinder_n of_o water_n i_o g_z contain_v in_o the_o pipe_n i_o h_n will_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o great_a gravity_n press_v as_o much_o upon_o the_o part_n i_o as_o the_o distil_a oil_n k_o e_z i_o l_o be_v a_o light_a liquor_n can_v do_v upon_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o same_o suppose_a plain_n e_o f_o though_o the_o oil_n reach_v to_o a_o great_a height_n above_o it_o this_o second_o paradox_n we_o have_v hitherto_o be_v discourse_v of_o may_v be_v also_o prove_v by_o what_o we_o former_o deliver_v to_o make_v out_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o lemma_n premise_v to_o these_o proposition_n but_o because_o this_o and_o the_o former_a paradox_n be_v of_o importance_n not_o only_o in_o themselves_o but_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o treatise_n and_o be_v likely_a in_o most_o reader_n to_o meet_v with_o indisposition_n enough_o to_o be_v receive_v i_o will_v subjoin_v in_o this_o place_n a_o couple_n of_o such_o experiment_n as_o will_v not_o i_o hope_v be_v unacceptable_a that_o i_o devise_v the_o one_o to_o confirm_v this_o second_o paradox_n and_o the_o other_o to_o prove_v the_o first_o some_o of_o the_o gentleman_n now_o present_a may_v possible_o remeber_v that_o about_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n that_o precede_v the_o two_o last_o i_o bring_v into_o this_o place_n a_o centain_n new_a instrument_n of_o glass_n whereby_o i_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o water_n gravitate_fw-la upon_o the_o low_a which_o i_o do_v by_o sink_v a_o body_n that_o be_v already_o under_o water_n by_o pour_v more_o water_n upon_o it_o but_o that_o experiment_n belong_v to_o other_o paper_n i_o shall_v here_o substitute_v another_o perform_v by_o a_o instrument_n which_o though_o it_o make_v not_o so_o fine_a a_o show_n may_v be_v more_o easy_o provide_v and_o will_v as_o well_o as_o that_o other_o though_o you_o be_v please_v to_o command_v that_o from_o i_o serve_v to_o make_v out_o the_o same_o truth_n which_o i_o shall_v apply_v myself_o to_o do_v as_o soon_o as_o i_o have_v by_o a_o improvement_n of_o the_o expedient_a i_o be_o to_o propose_v make_v good_a my_o late_a promise_n of_o confirm_v the_o second_o paradox_n and_o before_o i_o can_v well_o draw_v a_o argument_n from_o these_o experiment_n for_o either_o of_o the_o proposition_n to_o be_v prove_v by_o they_o air_n i_o must_v brief_o repeat_v what_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o deliver_v already_o on_o another_o occasion_n touch_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o sink_n of_o such_o bubble_n namely_o that_o the_o bubble_n x._o consist_v of_o glass_n 3._o which_o be_v heavy_a in_o specie_fw-la then_o water_n and_o air_n which_o be_v light_a in_o specie_fw-la then_o water_n and_o if_o you_o please_v also_o of_o water_n itself_o which_o be_v of_o the_o same_o specific_a gravity_n with_o water_n as_o long_o as_o this_o whole_a aggregate_v of_o several_a body_n be_v light_a than_o a_o equal_a bulk_n of_o water_n it_o will_v float_v but_o in_o case_n it_o grow_v heavy_a than_o so_o much_o water_n it_o must_v according_a to_o the_o know_a law_n of_o the_o hydrostaticks_n necessary_o sink_v be_v not_o otherwise_o support_v now_o when_o there_o be_v any_o competent_a pressure_n whether_o produce_v by_o weight_n or_o otherwise_o upon_o the_o water_n in_o which_o this_o bubble_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n immerse_v because_o the_o glass_n be_v a_o firm_a body_n &_o the_o water_n though_o a_o liquor_n either_o suffer_v no_o compression_n or_o but_o a_o inconsiderable_a one_o the_o air_n include_v in_o the_o bubble_n be_v a_o springy_a and_o very_a compressible_a body_n will_v be_v compel_v to_o shrink_v and_o thereby_o possess_v less_o room_n than_o it_o do_v before_o the_o contiguous_a water_n will_v succeed_v in_o its_o place_n which_o be_v a_o body_n above_o a_o thousand_o time_n heavy_a than_o air_n the_o bubble_n will_v thereby_o become_v heavy_a than_o a_o equal_a bulk_n of_o water_n and_o consequent_o will_v sink_v but_o if_o that_o force_n or_o pressure_n be_v remove_v the_o imprison_v air_n will_v by_o its_o own_o spring_n free_v itself_o from_o the_o intrude_a water_n and_o the_o aggregate_v of_o body_n that_o make_v up_o the_o bubble_n be_v thereby_o grow_v light_a than_o a_o equal_a bulk_n of_o water_n the_o subsided_a bubble_n will_v present_o emerge_n to_o the_o top._n this_o explication_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o sink_n of_o bubble_n agree_v in_o some_o thing_n with_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o learned_a jesuit_n kercher_n &_o shottus_n and_o some_o other_o writer_n in_o the_o acount_n they_o give_v of_o those_o two_o experiment_n that_o be_v common_o know_v by_o the_o name_n the_o one_o of_o the_o roman_a the_o other_o of_o the_o florentine_a experiment_n but_o there_o be_v also_o particular_n wherein_o i_o who_o have_v never_o a_o recourse_n to_o a_o fuoa_fw-mi vacui_fw-la dissent_v from_o their_o doctrine_n the_o principle_n i_o go_v upon_o have_v invite_v and_o assist_v i_o to_o make_v that_o experiment_n afford_v i_o some_o new_a phaenomena_n which_o agree_v not_o with_o their_o opinion_n but_o do_v with_o i_o but_o i_o forbear_v to_o mention_v they_o here_o because_o they_o belong_v to_o other_o paper_n and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n i_o omit_v some_o accession_n of_o ludicrous_a phaenomena_n as_o they_o call_v they_o which_o i_o remember_v i_o have_v sometime_o add_v to_o those_o which_o our_o industrious_a author_n have_v already_o deduce_v from_o those_o experiment_n these_o thing_n be_v premise_v i_o proceed_v to_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o second_o paradox_n by_o the_o follow_a experiment_n take_v a_o long_a glass_n pipe_n seal_v or_o otherwise_o exact_o stop_v at_o one_o end_n and_o open_v at_o the_o other_o who_o orifice_n if_o it_o be_v no_o wide_o then_o that_o it_o may_v be_v convenient_o stop_v with_o man_n thumb_n the_o tube_n will_v be_v the_o fit_a to_o exhibit_v some_o other_o phanomena_n into_o this_o pipe_n pour_v such_o a_o quantity_n of_o common_a water_n as_o that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o foot_n or_o half_o a_o yard_n or_o some_o other_o competent_a part_n leave_v unfilled_a for_o the_o use_n to_o be_v by_o and_o by_o mention_v then_o have_v poise_v a_o glass_n bubble_n with_o a_o slender_a neck_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o that_o though_o it_o will_v keep_v at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n yet_o a_o very_a little_a addition_n of_o weight_n will_v suffice_v to_o sink_v it_o put_v this_o bubble_n thus_o poise_v into_o the_o tube_n where_o it_o will_v swim_v in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o water_n as_o long_o as_o it_o be_v let_v alone_o but_o if_o you_o gentle_o pour_v oil_n of_o turpentine_n upon_o it_o i_o say_v gentle_o to_o avoid_v confound_v the_o liquor_n you_o will_v perceive_v that_o for_o a_o while_n the_o bubble_n will_v continue_v where_o it_o be_v but_o if_o you_o continue_v pour_v on_o oil_n till_o it_o have_v attain_v a_o sufficient_a height_n above_o the_o water_n which_o it_o will_v be_v easy_a to_o peceive_v because_o those_o two_o liquor_n will_v keep_v themselves_o distinct_a you_o shall_v
see_v the_o bubble_n subside_o till_o it_o fall_v to_o the_o bottom_n and_o continue_v there_o as_o long_o as_o the_o oil_n remain_v at_o the_o height_n above_o the_o water_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o phanomenon_n according_a to_o our_o doctrine_n be_v this_o that_o the_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n though_o a_o light_a liquor_n than_o water_n yet_o gravitates_fw-la upon_o the_o subjacent_a water_n and_o by_o its_o pressuce_n force_v some_o of_o it_o into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o bubble_n at_o the_o open_a orifice_n of_o its_o neck_n whereby_o the_o bubble_n which_o be_v before_o but_o very_o little_o less_o heavy_a than_o a_o equal_a bulk_n of_o water_n be_v by_o this_o accession_n make_v a_o little_a more_o heavy_a must_v necessary_o sink_v and_o the_o cause_n of_o its_o submersion_n namely_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o oil_n continue_v it_o must_v remain_v at_o the_o bottom_n and_o to_o confirm_v this_o explication_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o in_o case_n by_o incline_v the_o tube_n or_o otherwise_o you_o remove_v the_o cylinder_n of_o oil_n or_o a_o competent_a part_n of_o it_o in_o case_n it_o be_v long_o than_o be_v necessary_a the_o bubble_n will_v again_o emerge_n to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n for_o as_o for_o the_o oil_n that_o be_v too_o light_a a_o liquor_n to_o buoy_v it_o up_o which_o happen_v only_o because_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o oil_n upon_o the_o water_n be_v take_v of_o the_o air_n by_o virtue_n of_o its_o own_o spring_n be_v able_a to_o recover_v its_o former_a expansion_n and_o reduce_v the_o bubble_n to_o be_v as_o light_a as_o it_o be_v before_o and_o now_o we_o may_v proceed_v to_o that_o other_o experiment_n by_o which_o we_o late_o promise_v to_o confirm_v the_o first_o paradox_n and_o in_o some_o regard_n this_o follow_a experiment_n have_v be_v prefer_v as_o more_o strange_a to_o that_o i_o have_v be_v recite_v for_o it_o seem_v much_o less_o improbable_a that_o of_o two_o heterogeneous_a liquor_n the_o inferior_a shall_v be_v press_v upon_o by_o the_o incumbent_n which_o though_o light_a keep_v in_o a_o entire_a body_n above_o it_o then_o that_o in_o water_n which_o be_v a_o homogeneous_a liquor_n and_o who_o part_n mingle_v most_o free_o and_o exquisite_o with_o one_o another_o the_o upper_a part_n shall_v press_v upon_o the_o low_a and_o that_o they_o will_v do_v so_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o experiment_n it_o be_v now_o time_n to_o sub_fw-la join_v provide_v a_o long_a tube_n and_o a_o poise_v bubble_n as_o in_o the_o former_a experiment_n then_o have_v pour_v water_n into_o the_o tube_n till_o it_o reach_v above_o 5_o or_o 6_o inch_n for_o a_o determinate_a height_n be_v no_o way_n necessary_a above_o the_o bottom_n cast_v in_o the_o bubble_n which_o will_v not_o only_o swim_v but_o if_o you_o thrust_v it_o down_o into_o the_o water_n it_o will_v of_o itself_o emerge_n to_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o it_o wherefore_o take_v a_o slender_a wand_n or_o a_o wire_n or_o a_o slender_a glass_n pipe_n or_o any_o such_o body_n that_o be_v long_o enough_o for_o your_o purpose_n and_o with_o it_o have_v thrust_v the_o bubble_n beneath_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n pour_v water_n slow_o into_o the_o tube_n who_o cavity_n will_v not_o be_v near_o fill_v by_o the_o rod_n or_o wire_n till_o it_o have_v attain_v a_o competent_a height_n which_o in_o my_o last_o trial_n be_v about_o a_o foot_n or_o half_o a_o yard_n above_o the_o bubble_n and_o you_o shall_v see_v that_o the_o bubble_n which_o before_o endeavour_v to_o emerge_n will_v by_o the_o additional_a weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a water_n be_v depress_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o tube_n after_o which_o you_o may_v safe_o remove_v the_o wire_n or_o other_o body_n that_o keep_v it_o from_o rise_v for_o as_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a water_n be_v that_o which_o make_v it_o sink_v so_o that_o weight_n continue_v on_o it_o the_o bubble_n will_v continue_v at_o the_o bottom_n but_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o without_o cause_n that_o we_o employ_v a_o wire_n or_o some_o such_o thing_n in_o this_o experiment_n though_o we_o affirm_v it_o to_o be_v only_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a water_n that_o make_v the_o bubble_n sink_v for_o if_o you_o shall_v pour_v water_n into_o the_o tube_n to_o the_o height_n late_o mention_v or_o even_o to_o a_o great_a if_o you_o do_v not_o make_v use_n of_o the_o wire_n it_o will_v not_o serve_v the_o turn_n because_o that_o as_o fast_o as_o you_o pour_v in_o the_o water_n the_o bubble_n be_v leave_v to_o itself_o will_v rise_v together_o with_o it_o and_o so_o keep_v always_o near_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o water_n it_o will_v never_o suffer_v the_o liquor_n to_o be_v so_o high_a above_o it_o as_o it_o must_v be_v before_o it_o can_v depress_v it_o but_o to_o confirm_v that_o it_o be_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o superior_a water_n that_o sink_v the_o bubble_n and_o keep_v it_o at_o the_o bottom_n if_o you_o take_v out_o of_o the_o tube_n a_o competent_a quantity_n of_o that_o liquor_n and_o so_o take_v of_o the_o pressure_n of_o it_o from_o the_o bubble_n this_o will_v present_o without_o any_o other_o help_n begin_v to_o swim_v and_o regain_v the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o water_n whence_o it_o may_v at_o pleasure_n be_v precipitate_v by_o pour_v back_o into_o the_o tube_n the_o water_n that_o be_v take_v out_o of_o it_o and_o these_o confirmation_n add_v to_o the_o former_a proof_n of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o paradox_n be_v we_o conceive_v sufficient_a to_o satisfy_v impartial_a reader_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o they_o we_o shall_v present_o advance_v to_o the_o next_o proposition_n if_o we_o do_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o interpose_v here_o a_o scholium_fw-la scholium_fw-la it_o may_v perchance_o be_v wonder_v at_o why_o since_o we_o late_o mention_v our_o have_v make_v some_o trial_n with_o oil_n of_o tartar_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la we_o do_v not_o in_o the_o present_a experiment_n in_o stead_n of_o fair_a water_n make_v use_n of_o that_o it_o be_v a_o very_a much_o heavy_a liquor_n and_o though_o it_o may_v be_v incorporate_v with_o express_a oil_n unmingleable_a in_o such_o trial_n with_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n but_o to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o even_o in_o such_o slender_a pipe_n as_o those_o make_a use_n of_o about_o the_o first_o experiment_n i_o find_v that_o oil_n of_o tartar_n be_v ponderous_a enough_o to_o flow_v down_o though_o slow_o into_o the_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n at_o one_o side_n of_o the_o immersed_a orifice_n whilst_o the_o oil_n pass_v upward_o by_o it_o along_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o pipe_n and_o my_o knowledge_n of_o this_o can_v not_o but_o make_v i_o a_o little_a wonder_n that_o so_o curious_a a_o person_n as_o mounseur_fw-fr paschall_n shall_v somewhere_o teach_v that_o if_o a_o tube_n of_o above_o 14_o foot_n long_o and_o have_v its_o orifice_n place_v 14_o foot_n under_o water_n be_v full_a of_o quicksilver_n the_o fluid_a metal_n will_v not_o all_o run_v out_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o pipe_n though_o the_o top_n of_o it_o be_v leave_v open_a to_o the_o air_n but_o will_v be_v stop_v at_o a_o foot_n high_a in_o the_o pipe_n for_o the_o impetus_fw-la that_o its_o fall_n will_v give_v it_o must_v probable_o make_v it_o flow_v quite_o out_o of_o the_o pipe_n and_o not_o here_o to_o mention_v those_o trial_n of_o we_o with_o quicksilver_n and_o slender_a tube_n that_o make_v i_o think_v this_o very_a improbable_a if_o we_o consider_v that_o the_o experiment_n will_v not_o succeed_v with_o much_o more_o favourable_a circumstance_n betwixt_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n and_o oil_n of_o tartar_n though_o the_o heavy_a of_o these_o two_o liquor_n be_v many_o time_n light_a that_o quick_a silver_n it_o tempt_v i_o much_o to_o suspect_v that_o monsieur_n paschall_n never_o actual_o make_v the_o experiment_n at_o least_o with_o a_o tube_n as_o big_a as_o his_o scheam_n will_v make_v one_o guess_n but_o yet_o think_v he_o may_v safe_o set_v it_o down_o it_o be_v very_o consequent_a to_o those_o principle_n of_o who_o truth_n he_o be_v full_o persuade_v and_o indeed_o be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o impetus_fw-la the_o quicksilver_n will_v acquire_v in_o fall_v from_o such_o a_o height_n the_o ratiocanation_n be_v no_o way_n unworthy_a of_o he_o but_o experiment_n that_o be_v but_o speculative_o true_a shall_v be_v propose_v as_o such_o and_o may_v oftentimes_o fail_v in_o practice_n because_o there_o may_v intervene_v divers_a other_o thing_n capable_a of_o make_v there_o miscarry_v which_o be_v overlook_v by_o the_o peculator_n that_o be_v wont_a to_o compute_v only_o the_o consequence_n of_o that_o particullar_n thing_n which_o he_o principal_o consider_v as_o in_o this_o case_n our_o author_n seem_v not_o to_o have_v
by_o the_o seven_o follow_a argument_n object_n 1._o say_v he_o because_o else_o the_o inferior_a part_n of_o the_o water_n will_v be_v more_o dense_a than_o the_o superior_a since_o they_o will_v be_v compress_v and_o condense_v by_o the_o weight_n of_o they_o ans_fw-fr but_o if_o the_o corpuscle_n whereof_o water_n consist_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v perfect_o solid_a &_o hard_a the_o inferior_a corpuscle_n may_v be_v press_v upon_o by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o superior_a without_o be_v compress_v or_o condense_v by_o they_o as_o it_o will_v happen_v if_o diamond_n dust_n be_v lay_v together_o in_o a_o tall_a heap_n for_o though_o the_o upper_a part_n be_v heavy_a and_o solid_a corpuscle_n can_v be_v deny_v to_o lean_v and_o press_v upon_o the_o low_a yet_o these_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o adamantine_a hardness_n will_v not_o be_v thereby_o compress_v and_o it_o be_v possible_a too_o that_o the_o corpuscle_n of_o water_n though_o not_o so_o perfect_o hard_a but_o that_o they_o may_v a_o little_a yield_v to_o a_o extreme_a force_n be_v solid_a enough_o not_o to_o admit_v from_o such_o a_o weight_n as_o that_o of_o the_o incumbent_a water_n at_o least_o in_o such_o small_a height_n as_o observation_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v make_v in_o any_o compression_n great_a enough_o to_o be_v sensible_a as_o beside_o some_o trial_n i_o have_v former_o mention_v in_o another_o place_n those_o make_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o this_o illustrious_a company_n seem_v sufficient_o to_o argue_v viz._n that_o water_n be_v not_o sensible_o compressible_a by_o a_o ordinary_a force_n and_o i_o find_v not_o by_o those_o that_o make_v the_o objection_n that_o they_o ever_o take_v pain_n to_o try_v whether_o in_o deep_a place_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o low_a part_n be_v not_o more_o condense_v than_o the_o upper_a nor_o do_v i_o see_v any_o absurdity_n that_o will_v follow_v from_o admit_v they_o to_o be_v so_o object_n 2._o our_o author_n second_o argument_n be_v because_o divers_a feel_v not_o under_o water_n the_o weight_n of_o the_o water_n that_o lie_v upon_o they_o ans_fw-fr but_o for_o answer_n to_o this_o argument_n i_o shall_v content_v myself_o to_o make_v a_o reference_n to_o the_o ensue_a appendix_n where_o this_o matter_n will_v be_v consider_v at_o large_a and_o where_o i_o hope_v it_o will_v be_v make_v to_o appear_v that_o the_o phaenomenon_fw-mi may_v proceed_v partly_o from_o the_o firm_a texture_n of_o the_o divers_a body_n and_o partly_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o that_o pressure_n which_o be_v exercise_v against_o body_n immerse_v in_o fluid_n which_o in_o that_o case_n as_o to_o sense_n press_v every_o where_o equal_o against_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n expose_v to_o their_o action_n object_n 3._o the_o three_o argument_n be_v that_o even_o the_o slight_a herb_n grow_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o water_n and_o shoot_v up_o in_o it_o to_o a_o good_a height_n be_v not_o oppress_v or_o lay_v by_o the_o incumbent_a water_n ans_fw-fr but_o the_o answer_n to_o that_o be_v easy_a out_o of_o the_o forego_n doctrine_n for_o the_o plant_n we_o speak_v of_o sustain_v not_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o water_n above_o they_o by_o their_o own_o strength_n but_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o pressure_n of_o water_n that_o be_v beneath_o which_o be_v itself_o press_v by_o the_o water_n that_o be_v though_o not_o perpendicular_o over_o it_o superior_a to_o it_o press_v they_o upward_o so_o forcible_o that_o if_o they_o be_v not_o by_o their_o root_n or_o otherwise_o fasten_v to_o the_o ground_n they_o be_v in_o specie_fw-la light_a than_o water_n will_v be_v buoy_v up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n and_o make_v to_o float_v as_o we_o often_o see_v that_o weed_n do_v which_o storm_n or_o other_o accident_n have_v tear_v from_o their_o native_a soil_n object_n 4._o a_o four_o objection_n be_v this_o that_o a_o heavy_a body_n tie_v to_o a_o string_n and_o let_v down_o under_o water_n be_v support_v and_o draw_v out_o with_o as_o much_o ease_n as_o it_o will_v be_v if_o it_o have_v no_o water_n incumbent_a on_o it_o nay_o with_o great_a ease_n because_o heavy_a body_n weigh_v less_o in_o water_n then_o out_o of_o it_o ans_fw-fr but_o a_o account_n of_o this_o be_v easy_a to_o be_v render_v out_o of_o our_o doctrine_n for_o though_o the_o water_n incumbent_a on_o the_o heavy_a body_n do_v real_o endeavour_v to_o make_v it_o sink_v low_a yet_o that_o endeavour_n be_v render_v ineffectual_a to_o that_o purpose_n by_o the_o equal_a pressure_n of_o the_o water_n upon_o all_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o imaginary_a surface_n that_o be_v contiguous_a to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o immersed_a body_n and_o that_o pressure_n upon_o the_o other_o part_n of_o that_o suppose_a plain_n be_v equal_a not_o only_o to_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o pillar_n of_o water_n but_o to_o that_o pillar_n and_o to_o the_o weight_n of_o as_o much_o water_n as_o the_o immersed_a body_n fill_v the_o place_n of_o it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o not_o only_o the_o hand_n that_o sustein_v the_o body_n shall_v not_o feel_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a water_n but_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o lift_v up_o the_o body_n more_o easy_o in_o the_o water_n then_o in_o the_o air_n but_o though_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o water_n incumbent_a on_o the_o stone_n can_v not_o for_o the_o reason_n assign_v be_v feel_v in_o the_o case_n propose_v yet_o if_o you_o remove_v that_o water_n as_o in_o the_o experiment_n bring_v for_o the_o proof_n of_o the_o last_o paradox_n it_o will_v quick_o appear_v by_o the_o pressure_n against_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o heavy_a body_n and_o its_o inability_n to_o descend_v by_o its_o own_o weight_n when_o it_o be_v any_o thing_n deep_a under_o water_n it_o will_v i_o say_v quick_o appear_v by_o what_o will_v follow_v upon_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o incumbent_a water_n how_o great_a a_o pressure_n it_o exercise_v upon_o the_o stone_n whilst_o it_o lean_v on_o it_o object_n 5._o the_o five_o argument_n be_v propose_v in_o these_o word_n because_o a_o bucket_n full_a of_o water_n be_v light_a in_o the_o water_n than_o out_o of_o it_o nor_o do_v weigh_v more_o when_o full_a within_o the_o water_n then_o when_o empty_a out_o of_o it_o nay_o it_o weigh_v less_o for_o the_o reason_n new_o assign_v in_o the_o four_o objection_n therefore_o the_o water_n of_o the_o bucket_n because_o it_o be_v within_o water_n do_v not_o gravitate_fw-la nor_o consequent_o press_v downward_o either_o the_o bucket_n or_o the_o water_n under_o the_o bucket_n this_o be_v the_o grand_a and_o obvious_a experiment_n upon_o which_o the_o school_n and_o the_o generality_n of_o writer_n have_v very_o confident_o build_v this_o axiom_n that_o the_o element_n do_v not_o gravitate_fw-la in_o their_o proper_a place_n and_o particular_o that_o water_n weigh_v not_o as_o they_o speak_v in_o its_o own_o element_n ans_fw-fr what_o they_o mean_v by_o proper_a or_o natural_a place_n i_o shall_v not_o stand_v to_o examine_v nor_o to_o inquire_v whether_o they_o can_v prove_v that_o water_n or_o any_o other_o sublunary_a body_n possess_v any_o place_n but_o upon_o this_o account_n that_o the_o cause_n of_o gravity_n or_o some_o other_o movent_fw-la enable_v it_o to_o expel_v other_o contiguous_a body_n that_o be_v less_o heavy_a or_o less_o move_v out_o of_o the_o place_n they_o possess_v before_o and_o give_v it_o a_o incessant_a tendency_n or_o endeavour_v towards_o the_o lowermost_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o as_o to_o the_o example_n propose_v it_o be_v very_o easy_a to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o it_o for_o suppose_v abcd_v to_o be_v a_o well_o wherein_o by_o the_o string_n e_o f_o the_o bucket_n be_v suspend_v under_o water_n and_o have_v its_o bottom_n contiguous_a to_o the_o imaginary_a plain_n i_o k._n if_o now_o we_o suppose_v the_o bucket_n to_o consist_v only_o of_o wood_n light_a than_o water_n it_o will_v not_o only_o not_o press_v upon_o the_o hand_n that_o hold_v the_o rope_n at_o e_o but_o will_v be_v buoyd_a up_o till_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o bucket_n be_v above_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n because_o the_o wood_n whereof_o the_o bucket_n be_v make_v be_v light_a in_o specie_fw-la then_o water_n the_o pressure_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o bucket_n g_o and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o water_n incumbent_a on_o that_o together_o with_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o bucket_n itself_o must_v necessary_o be_v unable_a to_o press_v the_o part_n h_n so_o strong_o as_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o imaginary_a plain_n i_o k_o be_v press_v by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o mere_a water_n incumbent_a on_o they_o but_o if_o as_o it_o be_v usual_a the_o bucket_n consist_v partly_o of_o wood_n partly_o of_o iron_n the_o aggregate_v