Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	body_n	great_a	part_n	3,256	5	4.2928	3	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A67081	The second parts of Systema agriculturæ, or, The mystery of husbandry. And Vinetum Britannicum, or, A treatise of cider. Wherein are contained many select and curious observations and novel experiments relating to husbandry and fruit-trees. With the best and most natural rules and methods for the making of cider, and other English-liquors. To which is added, an essay towards the discovery of the original of fountains and springs. / by J.W. ...	Worlidge, John, fl. 1660-1698.; Worlidge, John, fl. 1660-1698. Systema agriculturæ the mystery of husbandry discovered.; Worlidge, John, fl. 1660-1698. Vinetum Brittanicum, or, A treatise of cider.	1689 (1689)	Wing W3597A; Wing W3598_VARIANT; ESTC R39146	80,665	246

thing_n do_v our_o husbandman_n sometime_o contemplate_v especial_o when_o the_o scorch_a sun_n great_a rains_n or_o darksome_a winter_n night_n forbid_v their_o rural_a exercise_n all_o such_o time_n be_v their_o mind_n take_v up_o with_o think_v how_o and_o from_o whence_o rain_n be_v produce_v and_o from_o what_o cause_n spring_v so_o plentiful_o flow_v and_o river_n swell_v to_o so_o great_a a_o bulk_n to_o encourage_v such_o enquirer_n and_o furnish_v they_o with_o new_a matter_n to_o whet_v upon_o i_o have_v offer_v the_o follow_a essay_n of_o the_o original_a of_o fountain_n the_o original_a of_o fountain_n be_v remote_a and_o obscure_a be_v not_o so_o easy_o discover_v as_o some_o have_v think_v nevertheless_o have_v many_o very_a able_a philosopher_n attempt_v to_o do_v it_o some_o imagine_v it_o to_o be_v from_o one_o some_o from_o another_o cause_n i_o will_v therefore_o among_o other_o observator_n not_o only_o pass_v my_o censure_n on_o some_o of_o their_o pretend_a discovery_n but_o cast_v in_o my_o mite_n of_o inquiry_n among_o the_o treasure_n of_o the_o learned_a for_o the_o find_v a_o more_o probable_a if_o not_o their_o true_a original_a the_o first_o opinion_n of_o the_o original_a or_o rains._n 1._o that_o spring_n proceed_v from_o rains._n cause_n of_o spring_n and_o fountain_n that_o have_v insinuate_v itself_o and_o be_v rivet_v into_o the_o mind_n of_o most_o think_v man_n be_v that_o they_o arise_v from_o rains_n dissolve_v snow_n etc._n etc._n for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o which_o much_o have_v be_v say_v and_o write_v 1._o reason_n against_o it_o 1._o against_o which_o opinion_n i_o will_v offer_v some_o reason_n as_o first_o that_o there_o be_v a_o very_a great_a diversity_n in_o the_o wetness_n and_o dryness_n of_o year_n in_o some_o year_n it_o rain_v very_o much_o and_o in_o other_o very_o little_a and_o especial_o in_o the_o winter-season_n it_o be_v easy_o to_o be_v compute_v that_o four_o or_o five_o time_n the_o quantity_n of_o rains_n fall_v in_o some_o one_o winter_n as_o do_v in_o another_o yet_o nevertheless_o do_v the_o perennial_a fountain_n flow_v but_o little_o more_o in_o the_o more_o rainy_a winter_n than_o in_o the_o other_o or_o at_o least_o the_o disproportion_n of_o the_o fountain_n be_v not_o answerable_a to_o that_o of_o the_o rain_n as_o may_v very_o plain_o be_v observe_v in_o all_o fountain_n issue_v out_o of_o rocky_a and_o mountainous_a place_n as_o in_o this_o begin_n of_o the_o spring_n 1685._o the_o clear_a and_o swift_a fountain_n flow_v with_o almost_o as_o full_a a_o stream_n from_o alresford_n to_o winchester_n after_o almost_o two_o year_n drought_n as_o it_o usual_o have_v do_v after_o the_o most_o rainy-season_n and_o in_o case_n there_o be_v any_o defect_n of_o water_n in_o it_o now_o more_o than_o former_o it_o may_v be_v impute_v to_o the_o attractive_a virtue_n of_o the_o dry_a earth_n near_o unto_o its_o spring_n and_o current_n in_o so_o dry_a a_o season_n rather_o than_o to_o its_o original_a the_o like_a i_o have_v observe_v in_o all_o perennial_a fountain_n 2._o 2._o that_o there_o be_v many_o hilly_a place_n of_o several_a miles_n extent_n without_o any_o spring_n or_o fountain_n in_o any_o of_o the_o valley_n among_o they_o and_o the_o land_n on_o such_o high_a place_n be_v fruitful_a and_o inhabit_v and_o where_o the_o rain_n fall_v equal_o plentiful_o as_o they_o do_v in_o the_o low_a and_o large_a vale_n yet_o be_v the_o well_n on_o such_o high_a place_n dig_v very_o deep_a before_o they_o come_v to_o the_o spring_n and_o those_o water_n can_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v compound_v of_o rains_n snow_n etc._n etc._n because_o rains_n nor_o melt_a snow_n descend_v not_o so_o deep_a for_o if_o they_o do_v then_o will_v the_o earth_n of_o what_o nature_n or_o kind_n soever_o it_o be_v be_v imbibe_v therewith_o from_o the_o surface_n to_o the_o rest_a place_n of_o such_o water_n and_o there_o will_v necessary_o be_v a_o continual_a descent_n guttatim_fw-la especial_o near_o the_o bottom_n of_o such_o well_n or_o resting-place_n to_o supply_v those_o fountain_n which_o there_o be_v not_o as_o appear_v in_o cave_n that_o be_v deep_a in_o the_o earth_n and_o conservatory_n make_v for_o snow_n which_o be_v always_o dry_a cardanus_n libro_fw-la quinto_fw-la de_fw-la subtilitate_fw-la dicit_fw-la quod_fw-la cuniculos_fw-la ad_fw-la evertenda_fw-la oppida_fw-la etiam_fw-la sub_fw-la aqua_fw-la effodiunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n 3._o 3._o another_o reason_n that_o induce_v i_o to_o believe_v that_o spring_n derive_v not_o their_o original_a from_o rain_n dissolve_v snow_n or_o hail_n be_v for_o that_o there_o be_v plentiful_a spring_n and_o fountain_n under_o so_o great_a a_o quantity_n or_o thickness_n of_o earth_n day_n or_o the_o like_a that_o be_v not_o penetrable_a or_o rather_o penetrate_v by_o these_o water_n that_o be_v on_o the_o superficies_n of_o it_o as_o be_v most_o evident_a on_o the_o great_a flat_n near_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v overflow_v with_o salt_n or_o brackish-water_n yet_o by_o dig_v 40_o or_o 50_o foot_n through_o a_o bed_n of_o clay_n a_o spring_n of_o most_o sweet_a water_n have_v be_v discover_v when_o as_o the_o more_o salt_n or_o brackish-water_n have_v not_o permeate_v through_o the_o clay_n or_o earth_n to_o mix_v with_o it_o notwithstanding_o the_o vacuity_n of_o the_o well_o be_v large_a enough_o to_o have_v receive_v it_o and_o it_o be_v as_o evidenr_v within_o the_o land_n where_o several_a small_a perennial_n rivers_n flow_v yet_o very_a near_o the_o same_o be_v wells_n dig_v 15_o or_o 20_o foot_n low_o than_o those_o water_n where_o spring_n be_v find_v which_o yield_v great_a plenty_n of_o water_n that_o have_v not_o their_o original_a from_o rain_n percolate_v through_o the_o earth_n for_o in_o case_n they_o have_v then_o will_v those_o river_n descend_v also_o by_o the_o same_o pore_n as_o do_v the_o rain_n 4._o 4._o a_o four_o reason_n be_v for_o that_o when_o rains_n fall_v by_o easy_a shower_n as_o they_o general_o do_v the_o thirsty_a earth_n imbibe_v and_o detain_v they_o very_o near_o its_o surface_n and_o in_o a_o few_o dry_a day_n as_o easy_o impart_v with_o its_o new_o receive_a moisture_n that_o sometime_o plentiful_a shower_n that_o in_o case_n they_o have_v be_v receive_v in_o a_o glazed-vessel_n may_v have_v fill_v the_o same_o two_o inch_n deep_a in_o three_o or_o four_o day_n shall_v be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n exhaust_v again_o and_o this_o be_v plain_o visible_a in_o new_o ar_v or_o sandy_a barren_a land_n and_o likewise_o in_o ground_n cover_v with_o vegetable_n such_o rain_n be_v soon_o imbibe_v and_o as_o soon_o dispose_v of_o yet_o under_o these_o land_n usual_o issue_v out_o large_a and_o constant_a fountain_n for_o i_o know_v several_a constant_a spring_n issue_v from_o under_o most_o barren_a sandy_a heathy_a ground_n that_o be_v never_o observe_v to_o increase_v after_o the_o great_a rain_n or_o most_o wet_a season_n nor_o to_o lessen_v after_o the_o dry_a and_o those_o sandy_a ground_n for_o a_o great_a distance_n from_o those_o spring_n of_o no_o great_a height_n but_o that_o great_a rain_n or_o drought_n will_v beget_v sensible_a alteration_n in_o such_o spring_n have_v they_o no_o other_o original_a than_o from_o rains_n or_o indeed_o have_v the_o rain_n any_o commerce_n at_o all_o with_o they_o 5._o 5._o if_o we_o will_v but_o consider_v further_o how_o all_o those_o water_n be_v dispose_v that_o fall_n by_o rain_n and_o snow_n that_o alone_o may_v be_v a_o reason_n sufficient_a to_o induce_v any_o one_o to_o believe_v that_o fountain_n and_o spring_n have_v not_o from_o they_o their_o original_a instead_o therefore_o of_o wonder_v what_o become_v of_o so_o great_a quantity_n of_o rain_n and_o snow_n from_o whence_o fountain_n and_o spring_n shall_v proceed_v if_o not_o from_o rain_n and_o snow_n we_o may_v rather_o admire_v from_o whence_o so_o much_o rain_n shall_v proceed_v if_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o conversion_n of_o air_n into_o water_n that_o can_v be_v for_o air_n be_v as_o perfect_a body_n as_o water_n only_o it_o be_v more_o porous_a or_o spungy_a and_o so_o more_o capable_a to_o be_v expanded_a and_o contract_v than_o water_n be_v and_o thereby_o adapt_v to_o receive_v great_a quantity_n of_o rarefy_a water_n and_o detain_v it_o until_o it_o be_v again_o condense_v into_o its_o first_o form_n and_o if_o rain_v be_v say_v to_o be_v exhale_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n that_o be_v very_o improbable_a as_o to_o the_o whole_a in_o part_n it_o may_v as_o from_o all_o moist_a body_n for_o salt_n water_n be_v not_o so_o apt_a to_o distil_v as_o sweet_a water_n be_v nor_o do_v the_o great_a rain_n nor_o wind_n which_o proceed_v from_o the_o same_o cause_n come_v so_o often_o from_o the_o maritime_a coast_n as_o from_o the_o more_o inland_a in_o the_o

ferment_v the_o imbibition_n or_o steep_v of_o barley_n in_o water_n for_o 2_o or_o 3_o day_n or_o more_o as_o the_o season_n require_v have_v this_o operation_n that_o it_o relax_v the_o viscous_a matter_n of_o the_o grain_n that_o defend_v and_o preserve_v the_o life_n that_o be_v in_o it_o from_o heat_n and_o cold_a for_o as_o long_o as_o its_o viscosity_n remain_v the_o grain_n or_o seed_n be_v capable_a of_o vegetation_n but_o when_o by_o age_n or_o other_o accident_n that_o be_v decay_v it_o become_v a_o dead_a body_n for_o such_o relaxation_n must_v be_v make_v in_o all_o seed_n sow_o in_o the_o ground_n by_o the_o moisture_n they_o find_v there_o before_o they_o can_v vegetate_v or_o increase_v better_a when_o the_o barley_n be_v in_o the_o cistern_n if_o it_o be_v stir_v well_o and_o the_o light_a grain_n that_o float_v be_v scum_v off_o the_o malt_n will_v be_v the_o better_a now_o after_o the_o malster_n have_v steep_v his_o barley_n its_o due_a time_n in_o the_o cistern_n for_o it_o must_v not_o lie_v there_o too_o long_o lest_o it_o lose_v its_o vegetating_a virtue_n too_o much_o by_o dissolve_v its_o whole_a body_n into_o a_o soft_a substance_n then_o he_o lay_v it_o on_o a_o heap_n where_o it_o acquire_v some_o warmth_n as_o all_o moist_a vegetable_n will_v do_v when_o lie_v close_o together_o which_o cause_v the_o barley_n to_o emit_v its_o root_n which_o they_o call_v chit_v which_o the_o malster_n suffer_v to_o grow_v to_o a_o certain_a degree_n of_o length_n then_o spread_v it_o abroad_o and_o by_o his_o careful_a turn_n stir_v and_o gradual_a dry_v his_o now-making-malt_n he_o prevent_v the_o overmuch_a growth_n of_o the_o root_n which_o now_o be_v call_v the_o come_v from_o their_o hair-like_a form_n for_o till_o the_o come_v be_v out_o long_o enough_o and_o the_o corn_n begin_v to_o spring_v the_o viscous_a matter_n of_o it_o be_v not_o enough_o putrify_v dissolve_v or_o rather_o change_v and_o if_o they_o be_v suffer_v to_o grow_v too_o much_o the_o stalk_v of_o the_o corn_n will_v shoot_v and_o extract_v too_o much_o of_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o grain_n leave_v nothing_o but_o a_o empty_a husk_n behind_o it_o as_o the_o overmuch_o come_v and_o spring_v of_o the_o stalk_v of_o the_o malt_n empoverish_v it_o so_o it_o be_v not_o come_v or_o spring_v enough_o leave_v it_o but_o in_o part_n malt_v or_o ferment_v and_o so_o do_v the_o unequal_a come_n or_o spring_v of_o it_o that_o be_v some_o of_o the_o whole_a grain_n thorough_o malt_v and_o some_o of_o they_o not_o which_o be_v occasion_v sometime_o by_o the_o unskilfulness_n or_o negligence_n of_o the_o malster_n by_o not_o due_o order_v his_o heap_n or_o turn_v the_o same_o whereby_o the_o corn_n on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o heap_n through_o drought_n come_v or_o spring_v not_o enough_o and_o that_o on_o the_o inside_n through_o warmth_n come_v and_o spring_v too_o much_o and_o so_o become_v acrospire_v or_o akerspire_v by_o reason_n that_o the_o stalk_v here_o resemble_v the_o germinate_n of_o a_o grow_a acorn_n and_o which_o the_o learned_a dr._n grew_n call_v the_o plume_n extract_v the_o virtue_n of_o the_o grain_n or_o else_o from_o the_o uneven_a growth_n of_o the_o barley_n which_o in_o some_o year_n from_o the_o unseasonablenss_n of_o the_o seedtime_n become_v ridge-grown_a that_o be_v some_o part_n thereof_o be_v grow_v green_a above_o the_o ground_n before_o the_o other_o part_n through_o drought_n be_v come_v up_o yet_o by_o reason_n of_o some_o summer_n shower_n all_o grow_v to_o the_o harvest_n where_o one_o part_n be_v ripe_a before_o the_o other_o from_o the_o one_o of_o which_o cause_n there_o be_v much_o malt_n that_o be_v not_o good_a after_o the_o malster_n have_v thus_o by_o his_o skill_n and_o industry_n so_o make_v this_o grain_n to_o ferment_n that_o by_o a_o certain_a degree_n of_o putrefaction_n the_o viscous_a or_o tenacious_a matter_n of_o it_o be_v relax_v and_o by_o his_o nimble_a hand_n have_v prevent_v the_o expense_n of_o its_o noble_a spirit_n he_o than_o make_v use_n of_o the_o three_o part_n of_o his_o skill_n the_o calcine_v or_o dry_v of_o his_o malt_n which_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o all_o further_a germination_n and_o make_v it_o capable_a of_o be_v preserve_v for_o use_n but_o the_o principal_a end_n of_o it_o be_v to_o make_v it_o yield_v its_o spirit_n and_o tincture_n this_o calcination_n or_o dry_n must_v be_v gradual_a and_o not_o hasty_a for_o the_o long_a malt_n be_v dry_v on_o the_o floor_n before_o it_o be_v lay_v on_o the_o kiln_n the_o better_a will_v it_o be_v for_o all_o hasty_a calcination_n waste_v the_o spirit_n more_o than_o slow_a it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o every_o seed_n contain_v a_o great_a spirit_n in_o it_o some_o more_o and_o some_o less_o for_o it_o be_v the_o spirit_n in_o it_o that_o preserve_v it_o whereby_o it_o endure_v so_o much_o cold_a heat_n etc._n etc._n as_o most_o sort_n of_o seed_n usual_o do_v and_o in_o this_o spirit_n in_o the_o seed_n be_v concentrate_v the_o virtue_n form_n power_n and_o whole_a idea_n of_o the_o plant_n that_o produce_v it_o else_o can_v it_o not_o by_o be_v sow_o in_o the_o earth_n present_a unto_o you_o again_o another_o plant_n in_o every_o particular_a like_a to_o that_o from_o whence_o it_o come_v and_o this_o spirit_n in_o barley_n be_v very_o great_a as_o may_v appear_v by_o its_o product_n for_o one_o barley_n corn_n sow_o in_o the_o earth_n have_v sometime_o produce_v 30_o or_o 40_o stalk_n and_o on_o they_o 5_o or_o 600_o increase_n of_o seed_n and_o by_o some_o additional_a improvement_n a_o far_o great_a when_o the_o seed_n of_o many_o other_o plant_n produce_v but_o one_o stalk_v to_o each_o seed_n therefore_o the_o fermentation_n of_o this_o grain_n by_o malt_v be_v not_o a_o exaltation_n of_o its_o active_a principle_n as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o but_o a_o dissolution_n or_o relaxation_n of_o that_o viscous_a matter_n that_o detain_v they_o and_o put_v a_o cheque_fw-fr or_o stop_v to_o its_o vegetation_n which_o will_v otherwise_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n necessary_o follow_v and_o exhaust_v its_o spirit_n for_o common_a water_n can_v be_v suppose_v to_o add_v much_o to_o the_o exaltation_n of_o the_o spirit_n or_o active_a principle_n of_o corn_n nor_o indeed_o can_v any_o thing_n add_v to_o the_o improvement_n of_o the_o high_a virtue_n that_o be_v in_o seed_n but_o what_o contain_v in_o it_o much_o of_o the_o spiritus_fw-la mundi_fw-la or_o universal_a agent_n as_o nitrous_a water_n salt_n dung_n etc._n etc._n or_o their_o be_v sow_o in_o fresh_a land_n that_o be_v enrich_v with_o it_o for_o water_n be_v but_o a_o vehicle_n to_o convey_v such_o principle_n water_n and_o the_o principle_n be_v not_o the_o same_o thing_n after_o the_o barley_n be_v open_v and_o its_o vegetating_a property_n prevent_v by_o dry_v it_o it_o be_v now_o thereby_o make_v capable_a of_o yield_v its_o tincture_n or_o virtue_n for_o the_o aquosity_n or_o phlegm_n of_o any_o thing_n especial_o of_o a_o vegetable_a prevent_v the_o extraction_n of_o its_o tincture_n or_o virtue_n therefore_o the_o dry_n of_o hop_n wormwood_n broom_n etc._n etc._n be_v not_o only_o do_v for_o the_o preserve_v they_o but_o for_o that_o the_o liquor_n wherein_o they_o be_v infuse_v do_v the_o better_o extract_v their_o virtue_n as_o those_o that_o have_v infuse_v the_o same_o in_o their_o beer_n can_v witness_v so_o malt_n whilst_o it_o be_v green_a will_v not_o make_v ale_n or_o beer_n of_o that_o strength_n as_o it_o will_v do_v when_o dry_v and_o if_o it_o be_v but_o easy_o dry_v the_o ale_n will_v be_v pale_a than_o if_o it_o be_v thorough_o dry_v and_o in_o case_n it_o be_v hard_o dry_v or_o over_o dry_v the_o deep_a will_v the_o tincture_n of_o the_o ale_n be_v but_o such_o over_o dry_v usual_o waste_v the_o spirit_n of_o the_o malt_n which_o be_v now_o loose_a and_o by_o this_o art_n make_v volatile_a the_o fermentation_n of_o the_o meal_n of_o any_o meal_n fermentation_n of_o meal_n corn_n for_o bread_n by_o yeast_n leaven_n or_o the_o like_a addition_n open_v its_o body_n and_o relax_v the_o viscosity_n that_o detain_v its_o spirit_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o bread_n of_o such_o a_o fermented_a mass_n be_v light_a grateful_a to_o the_o palate_n easy_a of_o digestion_n and_o wholesome_a and_o if_o not_o so_o ferment_v it_o become_v in_o every_o point_n the_o contrary_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o ale_n or_o beer_n make_v of_o drink_n the_o cause_n of_o roapy_a and_o windy_a drink_n malt_n not_o thorough_o malt_v or_o of_o such_o that_o part_n thereof_o be_v well_o malt_v and_o part_v not_o become_v roapy_a by_o have_v not_o its_o viscosity_n whole_o take_v away_o in_o the_o first_o operation_n

very_o plentiful_a crop_n of_o corn_n be_v raise_v on_o poor_a and_o barren_a land_n but_o the_o method_n now_o use_v by_o cut_v or_o pare_n off_o the_o turf_n with_o a_o breast-plow_a be_v very_o laborious_a tedious_a and_o costly_a and_o sometime_o very_o hazardous_a by_o reason_n that_o in_o a_o drip_a summer_n this_o work_n be_v much_o impede_v the_o owner_n frustrate_v of_o his_o expectation_n of_o a_o great_a improvement_n for_o that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o turf_n be_v not_o thorough_o burn_v and_o so_o become_v useless_a and_o the_o workman_n much_o damnify_v be_v at_o a_o great_a trouble_n in_o often_o turn_v his_o turf_n before_o he_o can_v apply_v his_o fire_n and_o then_o at_o the_o charge_n of_o furze_n or_o the_o like_a ollet_n to_o burn_v the_o turf_n withal_o and_o the_o usual_a expense_n in_o denshire_v a_o acre_n in_o a_o dry_a summer_n when_o at_o best_o be_v twenty_o shilling_n or_o more_o which_o in_o a_o bad_a year_n the_o advantage_n make_v by_o this_o husbandry_n will_v not_o repay_v although_o in_o a_o good_a year_n it_o will_v double_v it_o to_o make_v denshire_v therefore_o more_o plough_n a_o denshire_a plough_n easy_a and_o cheap_a it_o be_v not_o difficult_a to_o make_v a_o instrument_n to_o pare_v off_o the_o turf_n as_o thin_a or_o thick_a as_o you_o please_v that_o in_o stead_n of_o be_v force_v forward_o by_o more_o than_o ordinary_a humane_a strength_n it_o may_v be_v draw_v by_o one_o or_o more_o horse_n but_o not_o without_o the_o skill_n or_o labour_n of_o a_o good_a workman_n to_o guide_v it_o it_o must_v have_v two_o wheel_n or_o trundle_n if_o they_o be_v low_a then_o may_v your_o pare_a plough_n rest_n on_o the_o axis_n but_o if_o large_a wheel_n be_v find_v to_o be_v most_o proper_a then_o may_v the_o pare_a plough_n be_v fix_v at_o some_o distance_n under_o the_o axis_n and_o either_o way_n it_o must_v have_v a_o long_a stail_n or_o handle_n by_o which_o the_o workman_n by_o elevate_a or_o depress_v thereof_o may_v cause_v the_o turf_n to_o be_v pare_v thin_a or_o thick_a as_o he_o please_v and_o as_o the_o unevenness_n of_o the_o ground_n require_v so_o may_v he_o thereby_o regulate_v the_o work._n and_o thus_o with_o one_o horse_n and_o two_o man_n may_v two_o acre_n at_o least_o be_v pare_v in_o a_o day_n in_o case_n the_o ground_n be_v even_o or_o smooth_a but_o if_o uneven_a or_o full_a of_o stump_n or_o hill_n than_o it_o require_v reiterated_a operation_n yet_o may_v two_o such_o man_n and_o one_o horse_n pare_v a_o acre_n in_o a_o day_n and_o the_o work_v every_o whit_n as_o well_o do_v as_o by_o the_o tedious_a breast-plough_n thus_o may_v a_o acre_n be_v denshire_v for_o a_o four_o part_n of_o the_o expense_n and_o in_o less_o than_o a_o four_o part_n of_o the_o time_n than_o by_o the_o other_o way_n and_o although_o there_o may_v be_v but_o little_a dry_a wether_n together_o yet_o may_v you_o do_v a_o great_a deal_n whilst_o it_o last_v there_o can_v be_v no_o exception_n make_v against_o such_o a_o instrument_n nor_o difficulty_n arise_v in_o the_o use_n of_o it_o but_o a_o ingenious_a and_o willing_a artist_n may_v by_o alter_v and_o amend_v it_o as_o he_o find_v the_o error_n answer_v it_o and_o make_v it_o practicable_a for_o there_o be_v nothing_o that_o be_v new_o invent_v but_o may_v and_o usual_o do_v meet_v with_o rub_n and_o sometime_o not_o a_o few_o in_o the_o way_n before_o the_o artist_n bring_v it_o to_o perfection_n but_o this_o be_v a_o instrument_n so_o seasible_a and_o beneficial_a that_o i_o can_v but_o encourage_v such_o that_o have_v land_n capable_a of_o this_o way_n of_o improvement_n to_o spend_v some_o time_n and_o skill_n in_o perfect_v it_o the_o want_n of_o such_o land_n of_o my_o own_o prevent_v i_o from_o do_v it_o you_o may_v also_o apply_v to_o this_o use_n the_o new_a plough_n hereafter_o describe_v in_o the_o eleven_o chapter_n chap._n vi_o of_o the_o benefit_n of_o raise_v plant_v and_o propagate_a of_o wood_n much_o have_v be_v write_v by_o divers_a husbandry_n preserve_v of_o wood_n good_a husbandry_n able_a pen_n in_o commendation_n of_o wood_n as_o one_o of_o the_o principal_a general_a improvement_n that_o can_v be_v make_v yet_o have_v some_o pretend_v that_o destruction_n of_o wood_n in_o any_o place_n will_v very_o much_o advantage_n the_o trade_n of_o such_o place_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o want_n of_o timber_n wood_n etc._n etc._n for_o mechanic_n use_v and_o for_o fuel_n will_v necessary_o introduce_v employment_n for_o many_o in_o bring_v all_o such_o material_n as_o must_v supply_v these_o defect_n that_o be_v occasion_v by_o the_o destruction_n of_o wood_n which_o may_v be_v true_a as_o well_o as_o that_o the_o burn_v of_o any_o city_n town_n or_o house_n beget_v employment_n for_o several_a mechanic_n but_o what_o be_v this_o to_o the_o benefit_n or_o advantage_n of_o the_o whole_a which_o be_v ever_o to_o be_v weigh_v and_o consider_v of_o in_o the_o promote_a of_o any_o improvement_n trade_n or_o employment_n for_o in_o case_n the_o timber_n and_o wood_n that_o now_o serve_v any_o city_n or_o town_n with_o material_n for_o building_n and_o for_o all_o sort_n of_o mechanic_n that_o work_v in_o wood_n as_o joiner_n turner_n wheel-wrights_a etc._n etc._n and_o all_o poor_a and_o rich_a for_o fuel_n shall_v be_v so_o devast_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o such_o place_n shall_v be_v constrain_v at_o a_o extraordinary_a expense_n to_o furnish_v themselves_o from_o abroad_o with_o the_o like_a necessary_n although_o the_o carrier_n of_o such_o may_v in_o all_o probability_n gain_v very_o much_o thereby_o yet_o every_o tradesman_n must_v pay_v the_o more_o for_o what_o he_o have_v occasion_n for_o and_o by_o the_o same_o rule_n must_v raise_v the_o price_n of_o his_o commodity_n that_o be_v make_v of_o it_o and_o in_o time_n must_v remove_v himself_o to_o such_o place_n where_o he_o may_v exercise_v his_o trade_n at_o a_o cheap_a rate_n to_o descend_v to_o particular_a example_n of_o place_n the_o greatness_n of_o the_o famous_a city_n of_o london_n may_v partly_o be_v impute_v to_o the_o plenty_n and_o cheapness_n of_o timber_n and_o fuel_n without_o which_o in_o all_o probability_n it_o can_v never_o have_v increase_v to_o that_o magnitude_n nor_o have_v the_o city_n of_o york_n bristol_n and_o many_o other_o grow_v so_o great_a but_o from_o the_o same_o cause_n and_o many_o town_n stand_v in_o the_o more_o champion_n part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n show_v to_o every_o traveller_n that_o they_o be_v miserable_a in_o respect_n of_o their_o building_n trade_n and_o fuel_n all_o which_o be_v sum_v up_o in_o a_o few_o word_n by_o the_o pen_n of_o the_o most_o accomplish_a writer_n on_o this_o subject_a in_o his_o discourse_n of_o forest_n tree_n since_o it_o be_v certain_a and_o demonstrable_a say_v he_o that_o all_o art_n and_o artisan_n whatsoever_o must_v fail_v and_o cease_v if_o there_o be_v no_o timber_n and_o wood_n in_o a_o nation_n for_o he_o that_o shall_v take_v his_o pen_n and_o begin_v to_o set_v down_o what_o art_n mystery_n or_o trade_n belong_v any_o way_n to_o humane_a life_n can_v be_v maintain_v and_o exercise_v without_o wood_n will_v quick_o find_v that_o i_o speak_v no_o paradox_n i_o say_v when_o this_o shall_v be_v well_o consider_v it_o will_v appear_v that_o we_o have_v better_o be_v without_o gold_n than_o without_o timber_n chap._n 31._o it_o be_v not_o the_o defect_n of_o any_o commodity_n that_o make_v a_o trade_n nor_o the_o dearness_n of_o provision_n but_o the_o natural_a situation_n of_o the_o place_n the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o the_o plenty_n of_o material_n and_o provision_n for_o it_o be_v the_o plenty_n of_o provision_n and_o other_o material_n with_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n that_o contract_v so_o great_a a_o trade_n to_o barbadoes_n jamaica_n etc._n etc._n and_o with_o that_o great_a plenty_n of_o money_n so_o that_o to_o say_v it_o be_v better_a to_o live_v where_o your_o dinner_n must_v cost_v a_o dollar_n than_o where_o you_o may_v dine_v for_o a_o groat_n be_v no_o argument_n that_o provision_n be_v more_o scarce_o and_o dear_a where_o your_o dinner_n must_v cost_v a_o dollar_n than_o where_o it_o may_v cost_v but_o a_o groat_n but_o that_o there_o be_v more_o plenty_n of_o money_n for_o in_o the_o most_o fertile_a province_n or_o place_n of_o europe_n be_v the_o great_a plenty_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o have_v be_v extract_v out_o of_o the_o most_o sterile_a region_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o by_o that_o plenty_n be_v the_o rate_n and_o prize_n of_o commodity_n and_o provision_n esteem_v as_o the_o rate_n and_o prize_n in_o like_a manner_n have_v be_v in_o different_a

of_o a_o proportionable_a breadth_n from_o the_o the_o point_n of_o the_o share_n to_o its_o hinder_a part_n and_o the_o earth_n or_o sward_n carry_v from_o the_o bottom_n and_o a_o turn_a board_n cast_v fromward_o and_o than_o you_o may_v add_v either_o a_o second_o coulter_n and_o share_v to_o succeed_v the_o former_a fix_v to_o the_o same_o beam_n about_o four_o or_o five_o inch_n low_a which_o second_o coulter_n and_o share_n will_v cut_v and_o take_v up_o another_o course_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o trench_n and_o carry_v it_o high_o and_o then_o the_o turn_a board_n will_v throw_v it_o on_o the_o first_o plough_v or_o else_o another_o plough_n may_v be_v make_v to_o cast_v high_a than_o the_o first_o to_o follow_v it_o each_o of_o these_o plough_n may_v be_v draw_v with_o half_a the_o strength_n of_o the_o common_a force_a plough_n because_o it_o cut_v raise_v and_o cast_v over_o the_o earth_n without_o any_o side-forcing_a this_o plough_n may_v be_v make_v five_o six_o or_o seven_o inch_n broad_a or_o more_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o strength_n you_o intend_v to_o use_v whether_o one_o two_o or_o three_o horse_n to_o draw_v it_o and_o will_v not_o only_o serve_v to_o plough_v and_o plough-trench_n land_n but_o also_o to_o pare_v off_o the_o turf_n of_o ancient_a pasture_n land_n in_o order_n to_o the_o burn_a of_o it_o for_o the_o foot_n on_o which_o the_o fore-end_n of_o the_o beam_n rest_v may_v be_v make_v to_o stand_v high_a or_o low_a as_o you_o please_v that_o it_o may_v cut_v thin_a or_o thick_a and_o be_v as_o broad_a will_v do_v that_o work_n as_o well_o as_o the_o breast_n plough_n and_o with_o fivefold_a more_o expedition_n the_o ingenious_a may_v soon_o make_v perfect_a this_o design_n and_o bring_v it_o into_o use_n i_o have_v make_v a_o model_n which_o answer_v what_o i_o have_v propose_v and_o have_v i_o a_o assistant_n shall_v soon_o bring_v it_o to_o perfection_n however_o these_o hint_n be_v sufficient_a to_o they_o that_o true_o understand_v the_o use_n of_o the_o plough_n finis_fw-la the_o second_o part_n of_o vinetum_fw-la britannicum_fw-la or_o a_o treatise_n of_o cider_n by_o j._n w._n gent._n london_n print_v in_o the_o year_n 1689._o the_o preface_n to_o the_o second_o part_n of_o vinetum_fw-la britannicum_fw-la have_v former_o give_v you_o a_o account_n of_o most_o of_o the_o principal_a thing_n relate_v to_o the_o make_n of_o cider_n and_o other_o of_o our_o british_a drink_n in_o a_o plain_a and_o short_a method_n that_o it_o may_v suit_v with_o the_o capacity_n of_o those_o that_o be_v usual_o employ_v in_o those_o rural_a exercise_n there_o now_o remain_v some_o few_o observation_n and_o experiment_n which_o may_v serve_v as_o a_o supplement_n to_o that_o treatise_n for_o a_o far_a improvement_n of_o these_o curious_a liquor_n especial_o cider_n and_o may_v probable_o be_v a_o help_n to_o those_o that_o employ_v themselves_o sometime_o in_o endeavour_v their_o melioration_n many_o have_v attempt_v to_o improve_v they_o but_o for_o want_v of_o a_o right_a apprehension_n of_o their_o nature_n have_v be_v frustrate_v of_o their_o expectation_n and_o when_o they_o have_v be_v mistake_v in_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o defect_n in_o make_v these_o liquor_n instead_o of_o rectify_v have_v make_v they_o worse_o that_o when_o they_o have_v sometime_o make_v a_o vessel_n of_o good_a cider_n it_o may_v be_v rather_o impute_v to_o chance_v than_o skill_n so_o that_o the_o most_o ingenious_a make_v many_o year_n observation_n before_o they_o can_v right_o apprehend_v the_o natural_a and_o most_o regular_a method_n of_o make_v it_o for_o since_o the_o publish_n of_o the_o former_a part_n of_o the_o treatise_n of_o this_o subject_a the_o experience_n of_o several_a year_n have_v not_o only_o give_v i_o cause_n to_o correct_v several_a mistake_v in_o my_o former_a but_o capacitate_v i_o to_o prescribe_v in_o the_o second_o part_n a_o new_a method_n of_o make_v the_o best_a cider_n that_o apple_n be_v capable_a to_o yield_v beside_o many_o other_o very_o necessary_a observation_n and_o experiment_n relate_v to_o the_o several_a matter_n before_o treat_v of_o in_o this_o second_o part_n i_o hope_v to_o remove_v such_o remora_n that_o have_v be_v lay_v in_o the_o way_n by_o great_a pretender_n who_o authority_n in_o matter_n of_o this_o nature_n have_v wrought_v so_o far_o on_o very_o many_o ingenious_a though_o credulous_a operator_n on_o this_o subject_a that_o after_o many_o trial_n they_o fail_v of_o their_o desire_a success_n it_o have_v cause_v they_o to_o despair_v of_o obtain_v that_o certain_a way_n of_o make_v good_a cider_n so_o seem_o plain_o by_o they_o set_v forth_o who_o aphorism_n and_o rule_n have_v they_o prove_v always_o true_a have_v doubtless_o raise_v this_o liquor_n into_o a_o great_a deal_n high_a reputation_n than_o now_o it_o be_v among_o the_o numerous_a planter_n which_o have_v be_v and_o be_v very_o much_o increase_v by_o the_o confidence_n they_o have_v put_v in_o what_o they_o have_v read_v and_o hear_v and_o the_o encouragement_n they_o have_v receive_v from_o those_o that_o have_v sometime_o hit_v the_o mark_n wherefore_o to_o undeceive_v and_o gratify_v the_o curious_a and_o such_o that_o be_v willing_a to_o promote_v so_o good_a a_o work_n as_o the_o improvement_n of_o so_o great_a a_o part_n of_o our_o english_a husbandry_n and_o to_o better_a inform_v those_o that_o spend_v so_o much_o time_n pain_n and_o expense_n in_o fruitless_a experiment_n and_o in_o compound_v and_o corrupt_v instead_o of_o meliorate_n ill_o make_v cider_n i_o shall_v herein_o discover_v the_o true_a nature_n of_o this_o liquor_n and_o the_o right_a method_n of_o make_v it_o cheap_a and_o easy_a to_o the_o operator_n delightful_a to_o the_o eye_n pleasant_a to_o the_o palate_n grateful_a to_o the_o stomach_n healthful_a to_o the_o body_n and_o durable_a to_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o good_a housekeeper_n who_o may_v have_v of_o it_o in_o its_o purity_n and_o primitive_a sweetness_n not_o only_o throughout_o the_o year_n but_o for_o many_o year_n after_o it_o be_v make_v the_o right_a understanding_n of_o which_o method_n may_v be_v a_o encouragement_n to_o the_o gentry_n and_o yeomanry_n of_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o this_o kingdom_n who_o now_o value_v the_o cider_n of_o hereford-shire_n to_o they_o carry_v at_o a_o costly_a rate_n above_o french_a wine_n that_o they_o may_v of_o their_o own_o fruit_n make_v cider_n equal_a to_o the_o best_a of_o hereford-shire_n they_o may_v now_o try_v this_o prescript_n with_o their_o lesser_a quantity_n which_o prove_v right_a will_v beget_v a_o emulation_n among_o the_o good_a husband_n who_o shall_v have_v the_o fair_a plantation_n and_o among_o the_o good_a housewife_n who_o shall_v have_v the_o best_a cider_n i_o need_v say_v no_o more_o here_o but_o refer_v you_o to_o what_o i_o shall_v write_v in_o the_o follow_a tract_n where_o i_o shall_v free_o impart_v what_o i_o have_v observe_v and_o not_o as_o be_v too_o usual_o do_v conceal_v that_o which_o most_o conduce_v to_o complete_a the_o intend_a design_n lest_o another_o shall_v partake_v of_o the_o same_o advantage_n if_o the_o operator_n find_v not_o at_o first_o what_o he_o expect_v he_o must_v impute_v his_o error_n to_o his_o own_o mistake_v and_o not_o condemn_v so_o regular_a a_o method_n nor_o censure_v the_o author_n j._n w._n the_o content_n chap._n i._n of_o drinks_z in_o general_n 101_o sap_n of_o tree_n ibid._n juice_n of_o fruit_n and_o berry_n 102_o of_o root_n ibid._n chap._n ii_o that_o the_o juice_n of_o fruit_n be_v the_o best_a of_o drink_n and_o universal_o celebrate_v 103_o the_o excellency_n of_o wine_n ibid._n chap._n iii_o that_o cider_n and_o other_o juice_n of_o our_o english-fruit_n be_v the_o best_a drink_n for_o this_o country_n 106_o the_o antiquity_n of_o cider_n ibid._n the_o excellency_n of_o cider_n 107_o chap._n iu_o of_o the_o best_a and_o most_o expeditious_a way_n of_o propagate_a the_o several_a sort_n of_o fruit-tree_n 108_o change_n of_o plant_n a_o improvement_n ibid._n brackish_a land_n good_a for_o fruit._n 109_o land_n new_o recover_v from_o the_o sea_n not_o good_a for_o fruit._n 110_o their_o remedy_n ibid._n sweet_a apple_n raise_v of_o cion_n 111_o the_o quince_n a_o vinous_a fruit._fw-la 112_o whortle-berry_n yield_v wine_n ibid._n plant_v tree_n on_o shallow_a land._n ibid._n the_o most_o probable_a way_n to_o raise_v a_o vinyard_n 113_o the_o most_o certain_a cure_n for_o the_o canker_n in_o tree_n 115_o chap._n v._o of_o make_v cider_n and_o other_o liquor_n of_o apple_n and_o other_o fruit_n 120_o time_n for_o gather_v apple_n 121_o lay_v they_o on_o heap_n 122_o apple_n over-ripe_a or_o rot_a make_v no_o good_a cider_n 123_o of_o the_o cider-mill_n 124_o order_v the_o pulp_n after_o grind_v 125_o

of_o a_o microscope_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o wine_n proceed_v from_o grape_n without_o much_o pressure_n be_v prefer_v to_o those_o that_o be_v more_o press_v and_o the_o poor_a wine_n be_v those_o that_o be_v with_o the_o great_a force_n extract_v all_o which_o consider_v it_o be_v better_a to_o have_v nine_o part_n of_o pure_a rich_a cider_n than_o ten_o of_o that_o which_o have_v neither_o good_a taste_n nor_o colour_n therefore_o so_o great_a a_o press_n be_v not_o absolute_o necessary_a in_o the_o make_n of_o good_a cider_n as_o one_o of_o the_o conveniency_n of_o the_o press_n a_o new_a sort_n of_o press_n mill_n be_v to_o stand_v in_o a_o little_a room_n and_o to_o be_v portable_a with_o ease_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o the_o same_o be_v necessary_a in_o the_o press_n which_o may_v be_v make_v with_o two_o wooden_a skrew_n of_o about_o the_o size_n of_o the_o skrew_n which_o the_o apothecary_n use_v in_o extract_a oil_n etc._n etc._n which_o have_v a_o 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principal_a cause_n that_o there_o have_v press_v order_v of_o cider_n after_o it_o be_v press_v be_v so_o much_o bad_a cider_n make_v in_o most_o part_n of_o england_n be_v the_o too_o early_o stop_v of_o it_o up_o it_o be_v usual_o prescribe_v and_o as_o usual_o practise_v that_o as_o soon_o as_o cider_n be_v press_v strain_a and_o ferment_v they_o stop_v it_o close_o with_o a_o very_a great_a confidence_n that_o unless_o it_o be_v close_o stop_v it_o will_v decay_v and_o become_v of_o no_o use_n so_o that_o when_o these_o ciderist_n have_v take_v care_n for_o the_o best_a fruit_n and_o order_v they_o after_o the_o best_a manner_n they_o can_v yet_o have_v their_o cider_n general_o prove_v pale_a sharp_a ill_o taste_v etc._n etc._n and_o all_o from_o the_o too_o early_o stop_v of_o it_o for_o the_o stop_n of_o cider_n close_o before_o it_o be_v fine_a or_o with_o its_o fece_n in_o it_o although_o precipate_v beget_v reiterated_a fermentation_n which_o fermentation_n very_o much_o 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the_o vulgar_a method_n these_o fece_n they_o be_v that_o cause_n the_o cork_n to_o fly_v out_o of_o the_o bottle_n or_o break_v the_o bottle_n or_o at_o least_o the_o open_n of_o they_o make_v the_o cider_n fly_v and_o mix_v with_o it_o make_v the_o residue_n unpleasant_a these_o thing_n be_v general_o take_v cider_n the_o various_a art_n use_v in_o mend_v of_o cider_n notice_n of_o have_v set_v many_o head_n at_o work_n to_o provide_v remedy_n some_o have_v make_v use_n of_o many_o way_n to_o ferment_n it_o and_o make_v it_o clear_a by_o reiterated_a fermentation_n other_o by_o addition_n as_o ising-glass_n etc._n etc._n have_v enforce_v a_o precipitation_n and_o when_o they_o have_v so_o do_v find_v it_o to_o be_v thin_a pale_a and_o acid_a have_v by_o molass_n treacle_n or_o course_n sugar_n give_v it_o body_n colour_n and_o gust_n what_o delight_n or_o pleasure_n there_o can_v be_v in_o drink_v such_o compound_n or_o how_o much_o this_o must_v conduce_v to_o health_n or_o long_a 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you_o may_v have_v also_o two_o or_o three_o row_v the_o one_o above_o the_o other_o beside_o the_o observe_n of_o the_o time_n of_o apple_n divers_a cider_n out_o of_o the_o same_o apple_n gather_v and_o grind_n of_o apple_n which_o cause_v a_o great_a variety_n of_o cider_n there_o be_v in_o the_o same_o apple_n such_o a_o difference_n in_o its_o part_n that_o the_o one_o part_n produce_v a_o better_a cider_n than_o the_o other_o in_o oblong_a pear_n the_o best_a part_n be_v that_o which_o be_v next_o the_o tail_n that_o be_v the_o small_a end_n the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o fruit_n pass_v through_o it_o be_v the_o cause_n why_o that_o part_n be_v the_o best_a in_o apple_n the_o outside_n be_v the_o best_a be_v more_o maturate_v by_o the_o sun_n and_o air_n than_o next_o the_o core_n and_o there_o be_v the_o rich_a juice_n contain_v the_o pore_n be_v also_o much_o fine_a there_o than_o towards_o the_o middle_n as_o appear_v in_o a_o dissect_a apple_n by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o 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of_o they_o but_o if_o you_o intend_v they_o for_o vinegar_n the_o long_o they_o hang_v the_o better_a and_o this_o be_v the_o best_a use_n their_o express_a juice_n can_v be_v put_v unto_o it_o make_v the_o best_a sauce_n of_o any_o other_o acid_a juice_n and_o its_o wine_n unless_o keep_v till_o the_o sugar_n and_o the_o liquor_n be_v thorough_o incorporate_v be_v none_o of_o the_o most_o grateful_a to_o the_o stomach_n take_v a_o pound_n and_o a_o half_a of_o loaf-sugar_n apricock-wine_n to_o make_v apricock-wine_n the_o fine_a the_o better_o to_o which_o put_v three_o pint_n of_o spring_n water_n and_o so_o in_o that_o proportion_n for_o a_o great_a and_o lesser_a quantity_n set_v this_o over_o the_o fire_n until_o it_o boil_v and_o after_o you_o have_v clean_o scum_v it_o take_v a_o pound_n of_o apricock_n through_o ripe_a to_o each_o pint_n of_o water_n pare_v they_o thin_a and_o stone_n they_o and_o put_v they_o into_o the_o liquor_n and_o let_v they_o be_v boil_v therein_o 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consumption_n and_o be_v good_a in_o the_o cough_n of_o the_o lung_n plague_n of_o the_o gut_n and_o other_o flux_n the_o green-sickness_n jaundice_n and_o all_o inflammation_n and_o oppilation_n sweeten_v the_o breath_n provoke_v urine_n cure_v the_o stone_n and_o stangury_n expel_v poison_n and_o preserve_v from_o all_o infectious_a disease_n coffee_n be_v a_o drink_n so_o general_o know_v coffee_n of_o coffee_n that_o i_o need_v say_v little_a as_o to_o the_o prepare_v it_o the_o berry_n be_v import_v by_o the_o merchant_n from_o arabia_n and_o other_o eastern_a country_n the_o berry_n or_o the_o powder_n be_v to_o be_v buy_v at_o most_o coffeehouse_n in_o london_n it_o be_v preparation_n be_v to_o mix_v a_o ounce_n of_o the_o powder_n with_o a_o pint_n and_o half_a

rise_v whereby_o it_o indicates_z the_o temper_n of_o the_o air_n ambient_fw-la on_o the_o head_n rather_o than_o of_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o air_n as_o high_a as_o the_o atmosphere_n which_o last_o some_o have_v suppose_v by_o its_o weight_n on_o the_o stagnum_n to_o support_v the_o water_n in_o the_o tube_n the_o same_o be_v in_o the_o barometer_n but_o with_o allowance_n as_o to_o the_o difference_n between_o water_n and_o quicksilver_n as_o to_o the_o ascent_n of_o water_n in_o glass-pipe_n open_a at_o both_o end_n in_o the_o small_a pipe_n high_o than_o in_o the_o large_a that_o may_v very_o well_o be_v suppose_v to_o arise_v from_o the_o attractive_a or_o sympathetical_a virtue_n in_o the_o glass_n because_o the_o near_a the_o side_n of_o the_o glass_n be_v the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o the_o high_a do_v the_o water_n ascend_v for_o if_o the_o pipe_n be_v short_a or_o so_o depress_v that_o the_o top_n be_v near_o the_o surface_n the_o water_n will_v not_o rise_v high_a 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the_o common_a sensible_a heat_n of_o the_o air_n by_o what_o soever_o accident_n warm_v that_o make_v vegetable_n flourish_v in_o the_o spring_n more_o than_o in_o the_o autumn_n for_o the_o wether_n be_v usual_o much_o more_o temperate_a and_o sensible_o hot_a in_o the_o autumn_n than_o in_o the_o spring_n nor_o be_v it_o the_o external_a warmth_n of_o the_o month_n of_o september_n or_o october_n that_o excite_v the_o venereal_a faculty_n in_o most_o animal_n especial_o fowl_n but_o it_o be_v the_o virtual_a influence_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o its_o approach_n to_o his_o northern_a hemisphere_n although_o in_o cold_a january_n and_o february_n that_o impregnate_v the_o far_o great_a part_n of_o vegetable_n and_o animal_n with_o a_o power_n to_o vegetate_v increase_n and_o multiply_v it_o be_v not_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n nor_o the_o crowd_v of_o it_o into_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o force_v the_o ascent_n of_o sap_n in_o tree_n nor_o be_v that_o ingenious_a 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law_n of_o nature_n after_o a_o most_o certain_a and_o sure_a method_n why_o may_v we_o not_o imagine_v that_o the_o virtual_a influence_n of_o the_o sun_n on_o this_o orb_n of_o earth_n move_v by_o a_o certain_a rule_n and_o order_n may_v not_o excite_v and_o by_o attraction_n beget_v a_o continual_a evaporation_n or_o perspiration_n of_o moisture_n from_o the_o subterraneal_a part_n thereof_o which_o by_o the_o condensation_n of_o its_o superficial_a cortex_fw-la may_v reduce_v part_n of_o such_o perspire_a atom_n into_o plentiful_a fountain_n and_o those_o again_o by_o flow_v into_o the_o great_a receptacle_n of_o water_n the_o sea_n supply_v those_o defect_n so_o great_a a_o attraction_n may_v otherwise_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o may_v also_o be_v suppose_v that_o this_o virtual_a influence_n of_o the_o sun_n by_o the_o same_o law_n of_o nature_n attract_v all_o those_o atom_n from_o the_o earth_n that_o be_v not_o condense_v into_o fountain_n as_o well_o as_o those_o from_o the_o sea_n that_o afterward_o be_v condense_v by_o the_o air_n and_o so_o plentiful_o besprinkle_v this_o globe_n and_o in_o some_o place_n make_v so_o great_a inundation_n see_v then_o that_o fountain_n rains_n and_o snow_n may_v probable_o proceed_v from_o one_o and_o the_o same_o cause_n the_o discovery_n of_o the_o original_a cause_n of_o rain_n snow_n etc._n etc._n may_v make_v that_o of_o fountain_n more_o easy_o to_o be_v apprehend_v it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o therefore_o to_o offer_v some_o consideration_n concern_v the_o original_a cause_n of_o rain_n ☞_o ☞_o snow_n etc._n etc._n 1._o the_o height_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n may_v be_v consider_v which_o some_o suppose_v to_o be_v about_o three_o mile_n in_o height_n above_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o most_o even_o part_v of_o the_o earth_n above_o which_o no_o cloud_n move_v dr._n brown_a in_o his_o inquiry_n into_o vulgar_a error_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 5._o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o remote_a distance_n of_o cloud_n be_v but_o two_o mile_n which_o seem_v very_o rational_a if_o we_o consider_v that_o on_o mountain_n a_o man_n may_v see_v over_o the_o cloud_n every_o way_n and_o that_o as_o the_o same_o author_n lib._n 7._o cap._n 6._o seem_v to_o allow_v the_o perpendicular_a altitude_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n to_o be_v but_o four_o mile_n and_o the_o account_v that_o dr._n sprat_n in_o his_o history_n of_o the_o royal-society_n give_v of_o the_o pico_n in_o teneriff_n relate_v it_o to_o be_v but_o two_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a yet_o esteem_v it_o to_o be_v the_o high_a in_o the_o world_n who_o top_n be_v think_v to_o transcend_v any_o cloud_n at_o least_o such_o that_o afford_v rain_n or_o snow_n 2._o it_o may_v also_o be_v consider_v that_o cloud_n carry_v rain_n snow_n etc._n etc._n move_v not_o far_o before_o they_o be_v themselves_o or_o distil_v on_o the_o surface_n of_o this_o globe_n for_o great_a rains_n have_v fall_v on_o several_a part_n of_o this_o island_n when_o on_o other_o part_n about_o the_o same_o time_n none_o have_v fall_v great_a thunder_n have_v also_o happen_v in_o some_o place_n when_o at_o 15_o or_o 20_o mile_n distance_n they_o have_v not_o be_v hear_v cardanus_n lib._n 17._o de_fw-la subtilitate_fw-la will_v not_o allow_v the_o cloud_n to_o be_v above_o 500_o pace_n or_o half_o a_o mile_n in_o height_n and_o visible_a not_o above_o 30_o miles_n that_o a_o man_n be_v in_o milan_n can_v tell_v when_o it_o rain_v in_o france_n 3._o if_o then_o that_o cloud_n ascend_v no_o high_o nor_o be_v carry_v far_o then_o must_v they_o arise_v and_o increase_v near_o where_o they_o fall_v which_o be_v not_o difficult_a to_o demonstrate_v it_o be_v conspicuous_a to_o every_o eye_n that_o cloud_n especial_o such_o that_o be_v most_o inclinable_a to_o afford_v rain_n etc._n etc._n do_v from_o a_o very_a small_a beginning_n increase_v

great_a continent_n but_o rain_n be_v more_o proper_o as_o may_v be_v suppose_v with_o reverence_n and_o respect_n to_o the_o more_o learned_a those_o particle_n or_o atom_n that_o by_o the_o heat_n or_o virtue_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v exhale_v from_o the_o earth_n water_n vegetable_n and_o all_o moist_a body_n through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o air_n until_o they_o be_v by_o its_o frigidity_n condense_v into_o those_o drop_n that_o distil_v in_o the_o usual_a form_n of_o rain_n hail_n or_o snow_n so_o that_o no_o part_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o this_o globe_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v exempt_v from_o contribute_v to_o those_o fruitful_a shower_n that_o usual_o bedew_v the_o same_o which_o if_o it_o be_v grant_v than_o the_o 19_o inch_n and_o more_o of_o water_n find_v by_o the_o french_a anonymus_fw-la author_n to_o fall_v in_o every_o year_n as_o be_v mention_v in_o dr._n plot_n most_o ingenious_a tentamen_fw-la de_fw-la origine_fw-la fontium_fw-la sect._n 27._o may_n easy_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v waste_v in_o so_o many_o of_o the_o 365_o day_n that_o happen_v to_o be_v dry_a windy_a frosty_a or_o hot_a in_o which_o the_o moisture_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v usual_o exhale_v for_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o april_n 1685._o a_o inch_n of_o water_n expose_v to_o the_o sun_n and_o air_n in_o a_o earthen-vessel_n be_v waste_v in_o less_o than_o three_o day_n and_o in_o case_n i_o shall_v presume_v to_o say_v that_o much_o more_o water_n be_v annual_o exhale_v from_o the_o terrene_a part_n of_o this_o globe_n than_o descend_v on_o it_o by_o rains_n snow_n or_o hail_n i_o believe_v i_o may_v find_v credit_n among_o some_o of_o those_o that_o understand_v by_o what_o influence_n all_o thing_n sublunar_a have_v their_o motion_n and_o increase_n which_o if_o true_a then_o certain_o those_o vast_a fountain_n that_o water_n this_o earth_n have_v some_o other_o original_a than_o rain_n etc._n etc._n and_o in_o case_n it_o be_v object_v by_o any_o that_o the_o exhalation_n from_o the_o sea_n contribute_v much_o towards_o the_o increase_n of_o rain_n i_o answer_v that_o much_o rain_n also_o fall_v on_o the_o sea_n and_o not_o improbable_o much_o more_o than_o arise_v from_o it_o another_o opinion_n some_o and_o those_o sea._n 2._o that_o spring_n proceed_v from_o the_o sea._n more_o learned_a than_o the_o other_o have_v receive_v that_o fountain_n proceed_v from_o the_o sea_n by_o subterranean_a passage_n and_o so_o return_v again_o above_o the_o earth_n by_o way_n of_o circulation_n that_o river_n never_o want_v nor_o the_o sea_n superabound_v with_o water_n one_o reason_n for_o that_o opinion_n be_v that_o opinion_n 1._o reason_n for_o that_o opinion_n well_n or_o pit_n dig_v near_o the_o sea_n be_v fill_v with_o brackish-water_n and_o those_o more_o distant_a with_o sweet_a as_o say_v cardanus_n and_o he_o be_v likewise_o of_o opinion_n that_o there_o be_v sweet_a water_n under_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n lib._n 5._o de_fw-la subtilitate_fw-la it_o be_v most_o true_a that_o such_o spring_n that_o be_v compose_v of_o water_n percolate_v through_o the_o saud_n the_o far_a from_o the_o sea_n they_o be_v the_o more_o sweet_a but_o those_o spring_n or_o fountain_n that_o proceed_v from_o another_o cause_n be_v as_o sweet_a under_o the_o sea_n as_o in_o the_o high_a mountain_n as_o be_v that_o fountain_n mention_v by_o pliny_n lib._n 5._o cap._n 31._o and_o as_o by_o several_a other_o example_n be_v demonstrable_a another_o reason_n that_o seem_v to_o fortify_v reason_n a_o second_o reason_n that_o opinion_n be_v that_o many_o spring_n fountain_n and_o other_o water_n at_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o sea_n ebb_n and_o flow_v as_o do_v the_o sea_n next_o adjacent_a to_o such_o spring_n or_o fountain_n and_o that_o several_a fountain_n be_v salt_n etc._n etc._n therefore_o they_o have_v a_o certain_a commerce_n with_o the_o salt_n ocean_n to_o which_o i_o may_v answer_v that_o some_o spring_n lie_v low_a and_o near_o the_o sea_n may_v ebb_v and_o flow_v at_o the_o same_o time_n as_o do_v the_o sea_n by_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o ocean_n against_o the_o loose_a sand_n through_o which_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o water_n pass_v that_o proceed_v from_o the_o same_o head_n nevertherless_a the_o spring_n that_o ebb_v and_o flow_v near_o newton_n in_o glamorganshire_n although_o but_o a_o 100_o pace_n from_o the_o severn-sea_n be_v at_o the_o low_a ebb_n when_o the_o adjacent_a sea_n be_v at_o the_o high_a flood_n and_o when_o it_o be_v low_a water_n in_o the_o sea_n then_o be_v the_o spring_n full_a as_o mr._n speed_v observe_v in_o his_o description_n of_o glamorganshire_n but_o that_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o spring_n that_o arise_v at_o any_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o sea_n shall_v be_v cause_v from_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o sea_n it_o do_v not_o plain_o appear_v for_o that_o those_o of_o any_o height_n or_o distance_n from_o the_o sea_n do_v not_o usual_o observe_v the_o time_n of_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o that_o of_o weeding-well_a or_o tides-well_a in_o the_o peak_n in_o darbyshire_n and_o that_o the_o cannensian_a territory_n near_o to_o the_o lake_n larius_n which_o every_o hour_n eb_v and_o flow_v mention_v in_o pliny_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 103._o and_o divers_a other_o only_o that_o on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n in_o flintshire_n be_v mention_v by_o mr._n hooke_n in_o his_o micrography_n p._n 27._o to_o ebb_n and_o flow_v as_o the_o sea_n do_v but_o why_o then_o do_v not_o the_o spring_n that_o be_v low_a and_o near_o the_o sea_n as_o for_o fountain_n that_o be_v salt_n it_o may_v be_v suppose_v that_o their_o saltness_n proceed_v from_o some_o other_o cause_n than_o from_o its_o commerce_n with_o the_o sea._n for_o if_o there_o can_v be_v no_o other_o cause_n then_o must_v we_o suppose_v that_o there_o be_v hot_a sulphureous_a bitumenous_a aluminous_a and_o nitrous_a sea_n from_o whence_o fountain_n of_o those_o quality_n proceed_v but_o if_o we_o serious_o consider_v upon_o opinion_n reason_n against_o that_o opinion_n what_o mistake_v that_o opinion_n be_v ground_v it_o will_v not_o be_v difficult_a to_o wave_v it_o and_o embrace_v a_o more_o probable_a for_o many_o be_v induce_v to_o believe_v that_o all_o perennial_a fountain_n derive_v their_o original_a from_o the_o sea_n first_o by_o large_a subterranean_a passage_n or_o canal_n and_o then_o divide_v into_o small_a capillary_n pipe_n and_o so_o by_o the_o immense_a weight_n of_o the_o air_n on_o the_o ocean_n such_o water_n be_v force_v into_o small_a fountain_n on_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o great_a continent_n as_o quicksilver_n by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n without_o be_v raise_v in_o the_o tube_n of_o the_o barometer_n within_o or_o as_o water_n be_v raise_v in_o glass-pipe_n above_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n without_o by_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n on_o the_o same_o which_o to_o i_o seem_v a_o very_a great_a mistake_n because_o if_o you_o fill_v the_o tube_n with_o quicksilver_n and_o with_o your_o finger_n or_o a_o piece_n of_o leather_n stop_v the_o open_a end_n thereof_o then_o invert_v the_o tube_n and_o suffer_v rhe_n quicksilver_n to_o strain_v out_o at_o very_o small_a passage_n below_o it_o will_v descend_v equal_o to_o the_o same_o height_n as_o if_o the_o end_n be_v place_v in_o a_o stagnum_n of_o the_o same_o quicksilver_n therefore_o it_o can_v be_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n without_o on_o the_o stagnum_n that_o must_v support_v the_o cilind_a of_o quicksilver_n in_o the_o tube_n for_o in_o case_n also_o that_o you_o fill_v a_o tube_n with_o a_o small_a bolt-head_n on_o it_o with_o quicksilver_n and_o invert_v it_o that_o whilst_o you_o stop_v the_o low_a end_n the_o tube_n be_v even_o full_a as_o in_o the_o barometer_n yet_o when_o you_o remove_v your_o finger_n the_o quicksilver_n will_v descend_v so_o far_o as_o the_o extend_a air_n will_v permit_v it_o which_o will_v be_v much_o low_a than_o that_o in_o the_o barometer_n now_o if_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n on_o the_o stagnant_a quicksilver_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o ascent_n of_o the_o cilind_a of_o quicksilver_n within_o then_o will_v that_o arise_v in_o the_o head_a tube_n equal_o as_o high_a as_o it_o do_v in_o the_o barometer_n for_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o weight_n of_o so_o small_a a_o quantity_n of_o air_n in_o the_o head_n shall_v depress_v that_o which_o of_o necessity_n must_v be_v support_v by_o a_o great_a weight_n without_o as_o be_v pretend_v beside_o it_o be_v most_o apparent_a that_o any_o warmth_n artificial_o apply_v to_o the_o head_n of_o the_o thermometer_n cause_v the_o water_n in_o the_o tube_n to_o sink_v and_o cold_a to_o