the_o body_n and_o branch_n be_v young_a and_o â—ender_a the_o bark_n be_v thin_a do_v more_o easy_o extend_v and_o enlarg_v by_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o sap_n than_o the_o bark_n of_o elder_a tree_n for_o which_o cause_n young_a tree_n when_o remove_v do_v not_o only_o grow_v sure_a but_o they_o also_o make_v a_o large_a growth_n at_o first_o plant_v than_o the_o great_a and_o elder_a tree_n can_v do_v and_o be_v thereore_o best_o root_n but_o if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o such_o large_a tree_n must_v be_v set_v than_o some_o of_o the_o branch_n must_v be_v cut_v and_o say_v not_o as_o many_o do_v here_o be_v a_o fair_a tree_n already_o why_o shall_v we_o cut_v away_o any_o part_n of_o it_o but_o they_o must_v be_v content_a to_o loose_v some_o of_o the_o branch_n else_o they_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o loose_v all_o for_o remove_v of_o great_a plant_n be_v a_o great_a check_n to_o nature_n and_o if_o a_o few_o root_n cut_v short_a as_o they_o must_v be_v when_o remove_v be_v put_v to_o feed_v many_o and_o large_a branch_n they_o will_v have_v but_o slender_a and_o poor_a nourishment_n not_o sufficient_a many_o time_n to_o preserve_v life_n much_o less_o to_o make_v a_o large_a growth_n but_o if_o plant_v be_v of_o the_o lesser_a size_n you_o need_v not_o cut_v the_o branch_n except_o such_o as_o cross_v one_o another_o or_o grow_v too_o nigh_o together_o or_o run_v up_o two_o high_a without_o spread_v but_o cut_v off_o the_o end_n of_o the_o root_n of_o all_o because_o if_o cut_v many_o small_a fibra_n or_o string_n shoot_v out_o at_o the_o cut_a place_n which_o draw_v nourishment_n for_o the_o plant_n which_o without_o cut_v will_v not_o deep_a plant_n be_v thus_o prepare_v the_o next_o thing_n be_v to_o set_v they_o again_o in_o the_o ground_n take_v heed_n of_o set_v below_o the_o good_a soil_n the_o hole_n for_o the_o plant_n be_v dig_v set_v in_o the_o root_n prepare_v as_o before_o and_o cast_v in_o the_o small_a and_o best_a mould_n next_o to_o the_o root_n and_o see_v that_o the_o small_a mould_n run_v between_o all_o the_o root_n to_o that_o end_n stir_v and_o shake_v the_o plant_n that_o there_o may_v not_o be_v any_o hollow_a place_n where_o the_o mould_n fall_v not_o and_o with_o your_o hand_n draw_v up_o the_o uppermost_a root_n and_o part_v they_o that_o they_o may_v spread_v in_o the_o mould_n every_o way_n and_o so_o fill_v it_o up_o the_o young_a tree_n be_v thus_o set_v into_o the_o ground_n set_v and_o the_o hole_n fill_v up_o it_o will_v be_v very_o advantageous_a to_o they_o to_o lay_v a_o barrow-full_a of_o rot_a muck_n round_o about_o each_o of_o they_o close_o to_o the_o body_n of_o the_o plant_n the_o fatness_n whereof_o will_v soak_v in_o among_o the_o root_n and_o make_v the_o soil_n special_a good_a whereby_o the_o tree_n will_v thrive_v the_o better_a or_o else_o to_o lay_v instead_o thereof_o store_n of_o weed_n litter_n ferne_n or_o the_o like_a two_o or_o three_o handful_n thick_a this_o will_v keep_v the_o root_n warm_v all_o winter_n and_o moist_a and_o cool_a in_o the_o summer_n follow_v and_o make_v the_o soil_n fat_a and_o also_o preserve_v the_o tree_n from_o weed_n grow_v about_o they_o tree_n thus_o order_v by_o lay_v stuff_n about_o their_o root_n may_v be_v set_v very_o shallow_a and_o thereby_o will_v be_v much_o advantage_v and_o prove_v better_o than_o such_o as_o be_v set_v deep_a because_o in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v the_o best_a mould_n and_o also_o every_o shower_n of_o rain_n reach_v the_o root_n and_o feed_v they_o if_o the_o plant_n be_v fair_a large_a plant_n in_o danger_n to_o be_v shake_v by_o the_o wind_n then_o knock_v down_o a_o stake_n close_o to_o every_o one_o and_o tie_v the_o plant_n to_o it_o with_o a_o hay-band_n or_o some_o other_o soft_a band_n carriage_n if_o young_a tree_n be_v to_o be_v carry_v many_o mile_n to_o be_v plant_v then_o be_v take_v up_o careful_o lie_v the_o root_n all_o one_o way_n the_o small_a and_o tender_a in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o bundle_n and_o bind_v they_o close_o from_o the_o root_n to_o their_o top_n with_o a_o soft_a band_n and_o then_o stuff_n the_o root_n round_o about_o with_o straw_n â—ay_n moss_n or_o the_o like_a afterward_o bind_v the_o bundle_n all_o over_o from_o the_o root_n to_o the_o very_a top_n with_o hay_n or_o straw_n band_n or_o something_o else_o to_o preserve_v they_o from_o bruise_v and_o withal_o wrap_v something_o about_o the_o root_n a_o thin_a mat_n or_o a_o piece_n of_o a_o old_a sackcloth_n or_o any_o thing_n that_o will_v preserve_v the_o root_n from_o the_o wind_n and_o sun_n and_o from_o bruise_v and_o they_o may_v be_v carry_v many_o hundred_o mile_n if_o need_v be_v in_o winter_n without_o hurt_n set_v as_o concern_v distance_n in_o set_v young_a tree_n i_o conceive_v 8._o or_o 10._o yard_n be_v little_a enough_o between_o appletree_n and_o pear-tree_n in_o ordinary_a soil_n yet_o pear-tree_n need_v not_o be_v plant_v so_o far_o asunder_o as_o appletree_n and_o if_o man_n have_v ground_n enough_o to_o plant_v and_o good_a soil_n i_o shall_v rather_o prescribe_v to_o plant_v they_o 14_o or_o 16_o yard_n asunder_o for_o both_o tree_n and_o fruit_n have_v many_o great_a advantage_n if_o plant_v a_o good_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o such_o be_v free_v from_o fretting_n and_o galling_n advantage_n that_o happen_v to_o tree_n that_o thrust_v and_o crowd_n one_o another_o whereby_o not_o only_o the_o bud_n blossom_n and_o fruit_n be_v rub_v and_o break_v off_o but_o also_o sometime_o the_o canker_n thereby_o breed_v and_o destroy_v bough_n and_o branch_n advantage_n second_o when_o tree_n be_v plant_v a_o fair_a distance_n asunder_o the_o sun_n refresh_v every_o tree_n the_o root_n body_n and_o branch_n with_o the_o blossom_n and_o fruit_n whereby_o tree_n bring_v forth_o more_o fruit_n and_o those_o fair_a and_o better_o advantage_n three_o if_o appletree_n and_o pear-tree_n be_v plant_v at_o a_o large_a distance_n much_o profit_n may_v be_v make_v of_o the_o ground_n under_z and_o about_o the_o tree_n you_o may_v plant_v gooseberry_n raspberry_n currant_n strawberry_n rose_n flower_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o gardenstuffe_n commodious_a as_o well_o for_o sale_n as_o housekeeping_n which_o can_v be_v if_o tree_n be_v plant_v near_o together_o as_o the_o custom_n be_v in_o most_o place_n the_o ground_n be_v cold_a and_o shady_a by_o the_o tree_n beside_o the_o tree_n will_v have_v advantage_n by_o frequent_a dig_v and_o stir_v the_o earth_n about_o their_o root_n from_o time_n to_o time_n in_o set_v these_o thing_n ‑_o four_o when_o tree_n have_v room_n to_o spread_v as_o before_o they_o will_v grow_v very_o large_a and_o great_a and_o the_o consequence_n of_o that_o will_v be_v not_o only_o multitude_n of_o fruit_n but_o also_o long_o last_v and_o these_o two_o be_v no_o small_a advantage_n beside_o all_o the_o former_a and_o man_n be_v mistake_v when_o they_o say_v the_o more_o tree_n in_o a_o orchard_n the_o more_o fruit_n for_o one_o or_o two_o fair_a large_a tree_n which_o have_v room_n to_o spread_v will_v bear_v more_o fruit_n than_o six_o or_o ten_o it_o may_v be_v of_o those_o that_o grow_v near_o together_o and_o crow_v one_o another_o let_v man_n but_o observe_v aâ—d_v take_v notice_n of_o some_o appletree_n that_o grow_v a_o great_a distance_n from_o other_o tree_n and_o have_v room_n enough_o to_o spread_v both_o in_o the_o root_n and_o branch_n and_o they_o shall_v see_v that_o one_o of_o those_o tree_n be_v come_v to_o full_a growth_n have_v a_o large_a head_n and_o more_o bough_n and_o branch_n than_o it_o may_v be_v 4_o or_o 6_o or_o more_o of_o those_o which_o grow_v near_o together_o although_o of_o the_o same_o age_n yea_o i_o advise_v if_o man_n have_v ground_n enough_o to_o plant_v appletree_n 20_o yard_n asunder_o now_o tree_n so_o plant_v will_v not_o reach_v of_o a_o long_a time_n if_o ever_o therefore_o much_o profit_n may_v be_v make_v of_o tree_n plant_v between_o for_o many_o year_n which_o may_v when_o they_o begin_v to_o reach_v one_o another_o be_v take_v away_o and_o dispose_v of_o for_o the_o best_a advantage_n to_o plant_v abroad_o in_o the_o field_n it_o be_v a_o very_a great_a and_o almost_o a_o general_a error_n the_o plant_v of_o fruit-tree_n too_o near_o together_o especial_o as_o to_o appletree_n and_o pear-tree_n as_o for_o standard_n cherrytree_n plum-tree_n and_o the_o like_a they_o need_v not_o be_v plant_v half_o the_o distance_n i_o speak_v off_o 5_o or_o 6_o yard_n in_o distance_n be_v usual_o enough_o and_o 7_o or_o 8_o yard_n if_o the_o ground_n be_v special_a good_a for_o all_o tree_n grow_v much_o large_a in_o some_o soil_n then_o in_o
after_o they_o be_v grow_v strong_a and_o out_o of_o their_o reach_n save_v oâ—ely_o at_o those_o season_n when_o fruit_n be_v ripe_a because_o rub_v against_o the_o treâ—s_n will_v shake_v down_o the_o fruit_n and_o spoil_v they_o and_o it_o be_v better_a they_o do_v not_o rub_v against_o the_o tree_n at_o any_o time_n for_o in_o that_o respect_n they_o may_v do_v hurt_v therefore_o set_v stake_n or_o post_n about_o the_o tree_n for_o the_o cattle_n to_o rub_v against_o whereby_o the_o tree_n may_v be_v preserve_v concern_v transplant_n prune_v and_o order_v the_o root_n of_o tree_n thus_o much_o see_v further_o error_n in_o practice_n disease_n incident_a to_o fruit-tree_n fruit-tree_n be_v subject_a to_o divers_a disease_n baptist._n port._n say_v 35._o affliguntur_fw-la plantae_fw-la omnes_fw-la veluti_fw-la animalia_fw-la diversis_fw-la morbis_fw-la all_o tree_n or_o plant_n be_v afflict_v with_o divers_a disease_n as_o sensible_a creature_n and_o therefore_o we_o shall_v apply_v ourselves_o to_o cure_v they_o not_o for_o pity_v to_o the_o tree_n as_o the_o indulgent_a compassionate_a manichee_n but_o for_o our_o own_o profit_n i_o shall_v at_o present_a mention_v only_o four_o disease_n that_o sometime_o happen_v to_o fruit-tree_n mossiness_n bark-bound_a canker_n and_o worm_n concern_v mossiness_n of_o fruit-tree_n the_o way_n to_o cure_v that_o and_o other_o disease_n be_v to_o take_v away_o the_o cause_n mossiness_n sublatâ_fw-la causâ_fw-la tollitur_fw-la effectus_fw-la if_o the_o spring_n be_v stop_v the_o stream_n can_v run_v some_o to_o cure_v this_o only_o scrape_v off_o the_o moss_n not_o endeavour_v to_o take_v away_o the_o cause_n so_o that_o in_o few_o year_n they_o be_v as_o bad_a again_o that_o be_v but_o like_a endeavour_n for_o cure_n of_o the_o toothache_n or_o gout_n or_o the_o like_a with_o some_o outward_a application_n which_o although_o they_o may_v give_v some_o ease_n for_o a_o while_n yet_o they_o strike_v not_o at_o the_o root_n they_o remove_v not_o the_o cause_n and_o therefore_o they_o return_v again_o so_o that_o it_o must_v be_v consider_v what_o the_o cause_n of_o mossiness_n be_v sometime_o it_o be_v cause_v by_o over_o coldness_n of_o the_o ground_n as_o in_o waterish_a and_o clay_n ground_n likewise_o by_o barrenness_n of_o the_o soil_n if_o it_o be_v coldness_n through_o moisture_n then_o use_v all_o mean_n to_o lay_v it_o dryer_n by_o trench_v the_o ground_n or_o if_o it_o be_v clay_n ground_n then_o bring_v in_o some_o warm_a soil_n to_o mix_v with_o it_o as_o sand_n ash_n sheeps-dung_n pigeon_n or_o hens-dung_n or_o the_o like_a if_o the_o soil_n be_v too_o barren_a then_o help_v it_o by_o mixture_n of_o good_a soil_n round_o about_o the_o root_n but_o withal_o take_v away_o the_o moss_n that_o be_v already_o upon_o the_o tree_n in_o this_o manner_n after_o rain_n rub_v it_o off_o with_o a_o haircloth_n else_o scrape_v it_o off_o with_o a_o piece_n of_o hard_a wood_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o knife_n bark-bound_a another_o be_v the_o bark-bound_a disease_n this_o exceed_o hinder_v the_o growth_n of_o tree_n it_o make_v they_o live_v linger_o and_o poor_o this_o happen_v when_o there_o be_v but_o a_o dull_a and_o slow_a passage_n up_o of_o sap_n and_o in_o small_a quantity_n either_o by_o reason_n of_o barrenness_n of_o soil_n or_o want_v of_o due_a culture_n to_o the_o branch_n therefore_o if_o the_o soil_n be_v barren_a it_o must_v be_v mend_v and_o likewise_o some_o of_o the_o branch_n cut_v off_o and_o the_o rest_n score_v down_o all_o along_o to_o the_o root_n through_o the_o â—ark_n on_o each_o side_n with_o some_o cross_n cut_v and_o â—icks_n in_o the_o bark_n let_v this_o be_v do_v in_o the_o spring_n time_n and_o the_o sap_n will_v arise_v more_o plentiful_o another_o disease_n be_v the_o canker_n canker_n natural_a â—o_o some_o but_o accidental_o hapen_v to_o other_o by_o bruise_n etc._n etc._n this_o hurt_v many_o â—nd_n spoil_v some_o to_o cure_v it_o cut_v it_o out_o if_o 〈◊〉_d be_v upon_o the_o body_n or_o great_a bough_n of_o â—rees_n and_o wash_v the_o place_n with_o cowdung_n â—nd_v urine_n mix_v and_o then_o cover_v the_o place_n with_o clay_n mix_v with_o horse-dung_n and_o â—ut_v off_o the_o small_a branch_n that_o be_v dead_a out_o withal_o endeavour_v to_o stop_v the_o fountain_n and_o cause_n of_o it_o be_v a_o sharp_a and_o virulent_a sap_n by_o lay_v cole_n ash_n or_o ash_n of_o â—urnt-wood_n nettle_n ferne_n and_o such_o like_a vegetable_n to_o the_o root_n but_o if_o the_o tree_n grow_v upon_o gravel_n ground_n they_o will_v hardly_o be_v cure_v without_o alter_v the_o soil_n in_o a_o great_a measure_n some_o tree_n be_v hurt_v with_o small_a worm_n that_o breed_v between_o the_o bark_n and_o the_o wood_n worm_n which_o cause_n the_o bark_n in_o that_o part_n to_o rise_v â—nd_n swell_v sometime_o this_o be_v perceive_v the_o worm_n must_v be_v cut_v out_o and_o the_o place_n wash_v with_o urinal_n and_o cowdung_n second_o fruit_n concern_v mischief_n incident_a to_o fruit_n by_o caterpillar_n ant_n earwig_n snail_n wasp_n bird_n and_o cold_a and_o strong_a wind_n caterpillar_n in_o the_o springtime_n caterpillar_n breed_v and_o devour_v many_o bud_n blossom_n and_o young_a fruit_n especial_o in_o a_o dry_a season_n of_o the_o dew_n and_o leaves_n as_o one_o say_v when_o the_o east-wind_n blow'_v much_o 148._o which_o cause_v that_o moist_a and_o slimy_a matter_n to_o vivifie_v they_o breed_v also_o as_o be_v observe_v of_o the_o spawn_n of_o butterfly_n now_o how_o to_o destroy_v they_o i_o know_v no_o better_a way_n then_o to_o pluck_v off_o those_o leaf_n which_o have_v the_o cobweb_n make_v upon_o they_o in_o which_o they_o breed_v and_o tread_v they_o under_o foot_n for_o one_o of_o they_o contain_v multitude_n and_o for_o those_o that_o escape_n be_v upon_o the_o tree_n some_o smoke_n they_o with_o straw_n or_o such_o like_a which_o make_v they_o fall_v off_o they_o may_v be_v destroy_v also_o by_o squirt_a water_n up_o into_o the_o tree_n among_o the_o bough_n which_o wash_v they_o off_o ants._n second_o ant_n and_o pismire_n hurt_v fruit_n multitude_n creep_v up_o into_o some_o tree_n and_o eat_v the_o fruit_n therefore_o seek_v out_o their_o hill_n where_o they_o breed_v and_o lie_v and_o pour_v in_o scald_a water_n among_o they_o till_o they_o be_v destroy_v yea_o sometime_o they_o be_v under_o or_o near_o the_o root_n of_o tree_n and_o do_v very_o great_a hurt_n and_o almost_o kill_v some_o tree_n these_o must_v be_v dig_v out_o and_o destroy_v by_o hot_a water_n or_o some_o other_o way_n also_o anoint_v the_o bottom_n of_o the_o tree_n near_o the_o root_n with_o tar_n round_o about_o that_o so_o these_o little_a thief_n may_v be_v take_v prisoner_n by_o stick_v in_o it_o three_o earwig_n fruit_n grow_v ripe_a be_v sometime_o eat_v with_o ear-wig_n one_o way_n to_o destroy_v they_o be_v by_o set_a oxe-hoof_n cane_n or_o any_o hollow_a thing_n near_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tree_n and_o among_o the_o bough_n upon_o the_o end_n of_o stick_n and_o they_o will_v creep_v in_o and_o lie_v there_o then_o take_v off_o these_o hoof_n quick_o and_o shake_v they_o into_o a_o bowl_n of_o water_n or_o crush_v they_o with_o your_o foot_n upon_o the_o ground_n these_o creature_n do_v most_o mischief_n to_o wall-tree_n snail_n especial_o upon_o old_a wall_n pick_v they_o off_o betimes_o in_o the_o morning_n and_o destroy_v they_o but_o if_o you_o keep_v the_o wall_n well_o point_v with_o lime_n that_o they_o have_v no_o harbour_n there_o and_o the_o root_n clean_o from_o weed_n you_o will_v not_o be_v much_o trouble_v with_o they_o to_o keep_v they_o from_o some_o choice_a tree_n and_o fruit_n strew_v ash_n round_o about_o another_o mischief_n incident_a to_o fruit_n be_v by_o wasp_n and_o hornet_n sometime_o wasp_n some_o find_v out_o their_o nest_n and_o be_v so_o bold_a as_o to_o destroy_v they_o there_o by_o scald_a water_n or_o some_o other_o way_n another_o way_n to_o destroy_v they_o be_v by_o hang_v earthen_a pot_n half_o full_a of_o water_n in_o tree_n daub_v in_o the_o innerside_n with_o honey_n &_o they_o will_v leave_v the_o fruit_n and_o fall_v to_o the_o honey_n and_o have_v suck_v of_o it_o they_o fall_v into_o the_o water_n and_o perish_v this_o way_n destroy_v multitude_n bird_n bird_n also_o spoil_v bud_n and_o fruit_n the_o bulfinch_n and_o jennet_n in_o the_o winter_n time_n and_o spring_n eat_v up_o multitude_n of_o bud_n of_o cherrytree_n aprecot-tree_n and_o plum-tree_n which_o be_v prepare_v for_o blossom_n and_o fruit_n and_o be_v ripe_a they_o peck_v and_o eat_v many_o you_o may_v destroy_v they_o by_o set_v lime-twig_n with_o bait_n in_o the_o tree_n and_o kill_v some_o with_o a_o cross-bow_n and_o hang_v they_o in_o the_o tree_n and_o clack-mill_n may_v be_v set_v in_o
the_o root_n and_o the_o root_n even_o then_o draw_v sap_n from_o the_o earth_n and_o increase_v upon_o it_o and_o be_v well_o store_v with_o sap_n after_o the_o branch_n have_v do_v increase_v and_o there_o the_o sap_n rest_v chief_o at_o that_o season_n some_o who_o hold_v descend_v of_o sap_n may_v perhaps_o confirm_v their_o opinion_n from_o small_a spring_n of_o the_o root_n of_o plant_n when_o they_o be_v remove_v in_o autumn_n it_o be_v true_a the_o root_n of_o plant_n set_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o september_n or_o about_o that_o time_n do_v spring_n forth_o a_o little_a at_o the_o cut_v end_n of_o the_o root_n before_o winter_n not_o because_o sap_n descend_v from_o the_o branch_n to_o they_o for_o though_o all_o the_o branch_n be_v cut_v off_o before_o set_v as_o sometime_o they_o be_v yet_o the_o root_n will_v spring_v then_o because_o some_o degree_n of_o heat_n proportionable_a to_o that_o purpose_n be_v at_o that_o season_n in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o immediate_a forego_v summer_n so_o that_o plant_n set_v while_o this_o heat_n last_v they_o will_v germinate_v &_o spring_v forth_o in_o their_o root_n before_o winter_n the_o husbandman_n know_v in_o this_o season_n it_o be_v best_o to_o sow_v his_o wheat_n and_o rye_n and_o also_o because_o the_o sun_n as_o yet_o have_v a_o influence_n sufficient_a to_o make_v seed_n and_o plant_n to_o spring_v forth_o which_o towards_o december_n it_o have_v not_o be_v then_o too_o remote_a from_o we_o so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o descend_v of_o sap_n that_o cause_v these_o effect_n 94._o the_o learned_a lord_n bacon_n do_v not_o well_o consider_v this_o point_n who_o suppose_v a_o descension_n of_o sap_n in_o autumn_n speak_v concern_v set_v a_o bough_n in_o the_o ground_n prepare_v by_o disbarking_a for_o that_o purpose_n say_v the_o cause_n why_o it_o will_v soon_o after_o be_v a_o fair_a tree_n may_v be_v this_o the_o bare_n of_o the_o bark_n keep_v the_o sap_n from_o descend_v towards_o winter_n here_o be_v a_o wrong_a cause_n assign_v to_o a_o effect_n for_o it_o be_v not_o the_o suppose_a keep_v up_o of_o the_o sap_n by_o that_o mean_n he_o speak_v of_o that_o cause_v such_o a_o bough_n to_o grow_v the_o better_a but_o the_o cause_n be_v for_o that_o such_o a_o bough_n by_o disbarking_a have_v get_v some_o small_a root_n or_o string_n or_o at_o least_o some_o roughness_n or_o knob_n capable_a of_o root_n in_o the_o passage_n up_o of_o the_o sap_n whereby_o be_v set_v it_o will_v become_v a_o tree_n in_o certain_a year_n this_o opinion_n of_o descension_n of_o sap_n in_o tree_n thing_n be_v a_o old_a error_n of_o many_o year_n stand_v and_o be_v radicate_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o most_o man_n yea_o many_o use_v it_o as_o a_o similitude_n to_o illustrate_v some_o spiritual_a matter_n as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o real_a and_o undoubted_a truth_n whereas_o it_o be_v but_o a_o weak_a and_o groundless_a conceit_n and_o contrary_a both_o to_o reason_n and_o experience_n take_v up_o by_o man_n from_o hand_n to_o hand_n without_o consideration_n or_o weigh_v of_o it_o with_o reason_n and_o judgement_n i_o will_v therefore_o lay_v it_o open_v more_o plain_o and_o demonstrate_v and_o prove_v the_o truth_n concern_v the_o motion_n of_o sap_n in_o tree_n the_o first_o argument_n against_o descension_n of_o sap._n sap_n in_o tree_n always_o move_v upward_o and_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n and_o course_n of_o nature_n for_o sap_n to_o descend_v natura_fw-la nil_fw-la agit_fw-fr frustra_fw-la nature_n do_v nothing_o in_o vain_a now_o it_o be_v a_o vain_a work_n in_o nature_n to_o cause_n sap_n to_o ascend_v up_o in_o the_o branch_n to_o descend_v again_o to_o the_o root_n the_o root_n send_v sap_n to_o the_o branch_n and_o not_o the_o branch_n to_o the_o root_n when_o it_o once_o come_v into_o the_o branch_n it_o be_v convert_v into_o wood_n bark_n leaves_n fruit_n etc._n etc._n whence_o be_v all_o that_o great_a bulk_n and_o body_n which_o we_o see_v a_o tree_n arise_v to_o in_o a_o few_o year_n if_o sap_n shall_v descend_v one_o while_n as_o it_o ascend_v another_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o as_o a_o tree_n increase_v by_o ascension_n of_o sap_n so_o it_o will_v descrease_v by_o its_o descension_n this_o may_v be_v more_o clear_a if_o we_o consider_v the_o cause_n why_o sap_n in_o tree_n stir_n and_o ascend_v and_o also_o why_o it_o rise_v not_o after_o such_o a_o time_n to_o make_v any_o growth_n when_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o year_n by_o degree_n draw_v near_o to_o we_o than_o sap_n in_o tree_n begin_v by_o its_o heat_n and_o influence_n to_o move_v to_o swell_v and_o open_v the_o bud_n and_o to_o cause_v the_o branch_n to_o shoot_v forth_o which_o increase_n by_o it_o all_o the_o summer_n and_o as_o the_o sun_n by_o degree_n draw_v near_o and_o grow_v hot_a so_o the_o sap_n by_o degree_n increase_v and_o rise_v more_o plentiful_o and_o when_o the_o sun_n be_v near_a than_o tree_n be_v full_a of_o sap._n now_o observe_v as_o by_o the_o vicinity_n and_o nearness_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v by_o degree_n the_o sap_n be_v increase_v by_o degree_n so_o likewise_o by_o the_o sun_n remoteness_n and_o absence_n which_o be_v also_o by_o degree_n in_o his_o go_v back_o again_o the_o sap_n be_v also_o diminish_v by_o degree_n that_o be_v ascend_v less_o and_o less_o in_o quantity_n until_o the_o sun_n be_v go_v so_o far_o from_o we_o and_o the_o heat_n and_o influence_n of_o it_o be_v so_o weak_a that_o it_o work_v not_o to_o cause_v sap_n to_o rise_v up_o whereby_o the_o branch_n may_v increase_v any_o long_o and_o then_o the_o branch_n and_o bud_n of_o tree_n be_v all_o at_o a_o stand_n and_o grow_v no_o more_o until_o the_o next_o spring_n and_o at_o that_o time_n the_o leaf_n lose_v their_o beauty_n and_o fall_v off_o because_o sap_n rise_v not_o up_o sufficient_a to_o feed_v they_o any_o long_o but_o only_o so_o much_o as_o to_o preserve_v life_n in_o the_o tree_n the_o second_o argument_n there_o be_v no_o cause_n to_o produce_v such_o a_o effect_n i_o will_v fain_o know_v of_o those_o who_o hold_v descension_n of_o sap_n what_o shall_v cause_v it_o to_o descend_v for_o nullus_fw-la effectus_fw-la datur_fw-la sine_fw-la causa_fw-la there_o can_v be_v no_o effect_n without_o a_o cause_n they_o can_v say_v that_o as_o heat_n cause_v it_o to_o ascend_v so_o cold_a cause_v it_o to_o descend_v cold_n never_o cause_v sap_n to_o stir_v but_o to_o stand_v or_o move_v slow_o cold_n be_v of_o a_o condense_a nature_n and_o do_v constipate_v and_o fix_v rare_a &_o fluid_a body_n if_o cold_a shall_v cause_v sap_n to_o descend_v then_o as_o the_o cold_a increase_v sap_n will_v descend_v more_o &_o more_o in_o quantity_n as_o on_o the_o contrary_a as_o heat_n increase_v in_o the_o spring_n and_o summer_n the_o sap_n in_o tree_n also_o increase_v in_o quantity_n and_o if_o so_o what_o will_v become_v of_o the_o tree_n but_o if_o sap_n of_o its_o own_o nature_n will_v descend_v yet_o there_o be_v none_o in_o the_o branch_n at_o that_o season_n of_o the_o year_n that_o they_o can_v spare_v but_o all_o that_o have_v ascend_v in_o the_o summer_n be_v convert_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o tree_n its_o leave_n and_o fruit_n concern_v that_o objection_n that_o be_v make_v against_o this_o and_o bring_v as_o a_o argument_n that_o sap_n descend_v viz._n that_o if_o we_o disbarke_v a_o bough_n or_o branch_n when_o sap_n be_v up_o a_o inch_n round_o about_o and_o lay_v and_o keep_v up_o mould_n about_o the_o disbark_v place_n there_o will_v be_v small_a root_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o place_n so_o disbark_v which_o say_v they_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o descension_n of_o sap_n out_o of_o the_o bough_n to_o that_o part_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o such_o root_n be_v not_o make_v by_o any_o descension_n of_o sap_n but_o by_o the_o ascension_n of_o sap_n for_o sap_n ascend_v up_o into_o such_o a_o bough_n notwithstanding_o the_o disbark_v part_n through_o the_o pith_n and_o pore_n of_o the_o wood_n though_o in_o small_a quantity_n than_o it_o will_v do_v if_o the_o bark_n be_v on_o this_o be_v plain_a because_o such_o a_o bough_n do_v grow_v and_o shoot_v forth_o and_o bear_v fruit_n after_o disbarking_a which_o can_v not_o be_v but_o by_o the_o rise_n up_o of_o sap._n now_o i_o say_v sap_n in_o its_o rise_n up_o some_o part_n of_o it_o be_v pendulous_a about_o that_o place_n and_o do_v somewhat_o hang_v or_o rest_n at_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o disbark_v place_n in_o the_o very_a edge_n of_o the_o bark_n have_v recourse_n to_o this_o creature_n wound_a part_n in_o great_a quantity_n then_o
and_o put_v in_o wedge_n of_o hot_a tree_n as_o mastic_n juniper_n etc._n etc._n observation_n as_o for_o the_o black_a mulberry-tree_n it_o need_v not_o these_o thing_n to_o make_v it_o fruitful_a for_o i_o never_o know_v any_o of_o they_o fail_v of_o store_n of_o fruit_n every_o year_n but_o white_a mulberry-tree_n with_o we_o have_v need_n enough_o of_o all_o help_n that_o may_v be_v 457._o it_o be_v report_v that_o tree_n will_v grow_v great_a and_o bear_v better_a fruit_n if_o you_o put_v salt_n or_o lees_n of_o wine_n or_o blood_n to_o the_o root_n concern_v lees_n of_o wine_n observate_v wash_n of_o strong_a beer_n or_o ale-vessel_n blood_n flesh_n or_o â—he_v like_a it_o be_v certain_a these_o be_v healpful_a to_o fruit-tree_n both_o as_o to_o their_o growth_n and_o bear_v if_o seasonable_o and_o moderate_o use_v especial_o to_o old_a tree_n i_o account_v it_o best_o to_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o root_n of_o tree_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o winter_n that_o the_o virtue_n â—ay_v soak_v into_o the_o root_n and_o earth_n about_o â—hem_n before_o the_o spring_n terebration_n of_o tree_n 463._o as_o it_o make_v they_o prosper_v better_o so_o also_o it_o be_v find_v that_o it_o make_v â—ruit_n sweet_a and_o better_a by_o cause_v the_o courest_z juice_n to_o sweat_v out_o and_o the_o rest_n be_v better_a digest_v terebration_n or_o bore_v hole_n in_o the_o body_n and_o great_a root_n of_o fruit_n tree_n with_o a_o wimble_n or_o awger_n observation_n be_v most_o needful_a as_o i_o judge_v for_o great_a tree_n which_o grow_v upon_o fat_a land_n and_o have_v too_o rank_a nourishment_n and_o may_v be_v unfruitful_a and_o bear_v over_o waterish_a fruit_n for_o that_o cause_n that_o may_v help_v to_o let_v out_o some_o of_o the_o raw_a superfluous_a sap_n and_o juice_n as_o a_o issue_n in_o a_o man_n body_n but_o score_n or_o cut_v the_o bark_n of_o young_a tree_n under_o twenty_o year_n may_v be_v better_o for_o they_o and_o this_o to_o be_v do_v chief_o in_o the_o spring_n time_n as_o terebration_n do_v meliorate_a fruit_n 464._o so_o do_v let_v of_o plant_n blood_n as_o prick_v vine_n or_o other_o tree_n after_o they_o be_v of_o somâ—_n growth_n it_o be_v report_v that_o by_o this_o artifice_n bitter_a almond_n have_v be_v turn_v into_o sweet_a observation_n this_o must_v needs_o have_v the_o like_a effect_n in_o some_o proportion_n as_o those_o particular_a before_o mention_v of_o bore_v with_o wimble_n or_o the_o like_a and_o score_n the_o bark_n with_o â—_o knife_n in_o the_o spring_n time_n 426._o the_o ancient_n for_o dulcorate_n of_o fruit_n do_v commend_v swine_n dung_n above_o all_o other_o dung_n which_o may_v be_v for_o the_o moisture_n of_o thaâ—_n beast_n observation_n i_o have_v see_v divers_a fair_a fruit-tree_n quitâ—_n spoil_v and_o deaden_v by_o overmuch_a swine_n dung_n the_o swine_n lie_v among_o they_o and_o continual_o leave_v their_o excrement_n by_o degree_n the_o tree_n wither_v and_o die_v but_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o that_o a_o moderate_a quantity_n of_o swine_n dung_n mix_v with_o mould_n and_o lay_v to_o the_o root_n of_o tree_n will_v be_v good_a for_o they_o and_o it_o may_v be_v in_o order_n to_o the_o sweeten_v of_o the_o fruit._n 467._o as_o graft_v do_v general_o advance_v and_o meliorate_a fruit_n so_o no_o doubt_n even_o in_o graft_v the_o choice_n of_o the_o stock_n do_v much_o they_o commend_v much_o the_o graft_n of_o pear_n or_o apple_n upon_o a_o quince_n observation_n graft_v simple_o as_o graft_v do_v not_o advance_v or_o meliorate_v fruit_n as_o be_v show_v elsewhere_o at_o large_a but_o graft_v tree_n bearâ—_n â—etter_a fruit_n and_o soon_o then_o ungraft_v tree_n 98._o because_o graft_n be_v usual_o take_v from_o â—ood_a bear_v tree_n and_o of_o the_o best_a kind_n â—d_a graft_n retain_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o â—rees_n from_o which_o they_o be_v cut_v do_v bring_v â—ith_o the_o same_o fruit_n so_o also_o do_v bud_n though_o they_o be_v much_o small_a than_o graft_n when_o inoculate_v upon_o wild_a stock_n as_o concern_v the_o choice_n of_o stock_n in_o graft_v in_o order_n to_o the_o advancement_n of_o â—ruits_n it_o be_v certain_a the_o goodness_n of_o the_o stock_n in_o respect_n of_o nature_n and_o kind_n be_v very_o considerable_a the_o sweet_a and_o better_a the_o stock_n be_v the_o better_a will_v the_o fruit_n be_v that_o be_v engraft_v thereon_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o graft_v govern_v and_o bring_v forth_o the_o same_o fruit_n according_a to_o their_o own_o kind_n yet_o the_o stock_n have_v some_o considerable_a influence_n upon_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o graft_n and_o thence_o it_o be_v that_o pear_n upon_o a_o quince_n as_o the_o author_n speak_v of_o be_v better_o than_o the_o same_o kind_n upon_o a_o wild_a pear-stock_n as_o experience_n show_v because_o a_o quince_n be_v a_o more_o excellent_a fruit_n than_o a_o wild_a pear_n so_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o stock_n be_v answerable_a it_o be_v set_v down_o as_o try_v 468._o that_o a_o mixture_n of_o bran_n and_o swine_n dung_n or_o chaff_n and_o swine_n dung_n rot_v be_v a_o great_a nourisher_n and_o comforter_n to_o a_o fruit-tree_n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o swine_n dung_n observation_n or_o any_o other_o dung_n with_o other_o compost_n lay_v together_o till_o they_o be_v rot_v will_v nourish_v and_o comfort_v fruit-tree_n and_o better_a wheâ—_n they_o be_v thorough_o rot_v and_o turn_v to_o mould_n than_o before_o because_o new_a dung_n may_v be_v too_o hot_a 470._o it_o be_v deliver_v by_o some_o that_o if_o one_o take_v the_o bow_n of_o a_o low_a tree_n new_o bud_v and_o draw_v it_o gentle_o into_o a_o earthen_a pot_n perforate_v at_o the_o bottom_n to_o let_v in_o the_o plant_n and_o then_o cover_v the_o pot_n with_o earth_n it_o will_v yield_v a_o very_a large_a fruit_n within_o ground_n the_o like_a will_v be_v effect_v by_o a_o empty_a pot_n with_o some_o few_o pertusion_n make_v in_o the_o pot_n hang_v in_o the_o tree_n observation_n concern_v the_o first_o of_o these_o way_n i_o suppose_v the_o fruit_n grow_v upon_o the_o bough_n so_o bow_v down_o into_o a_o pot_n will_v not_o be_v so_o large_a as_o the_o fruit_n upon_o the_o other_o bough_n because_o we_o see_v by_o experience_n it_o be_v against_o the_o nature_n of_o sap_n to_o run_v vigorous_o or_o in_o any_o great_a plenty_n into_o bow_n bend_v downward_o so_o near_o the_o earth_n as_o this_o must_v needs_o be_v for_o sap_n press_v upward_o in_o great_a plenty_n and_o consequent_o those_o fruit_n will_v be_v great_a which_o have_v most_o sap_n i_o mean_v such_o as_o be_v of_o one_o kind_n upon_o one_o tree_n and_o concern_v the_o second_o mean_n by_o the_o perforated_a pot_n hang_v in_o the_o tree_n that_o be_v more_o likely_a to_o work_v the_o effect_n as_o to_o the_o greatness_n of_o fruit_n not_o so_o much_o i_o suppose_v because_o of_o the_o pertusion_n or_o hole_n in_o the_o pot_n as_o by_o the_o shade_n that_o the_o fruit_n have_v by_o the_o pot_n for_o although_o fruit_n that_o grow_v in_o the_o sun_n be_v much_o better_a and_o more_o pleasant_a than_o that_o which_o grow_v in_o the_o shade_n as_o be_v better_o concoct_v yet_o that_o in_o the_o shade_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n be_v common_o the_o great_a but_o more_o flat_a dull_a and_o inconcoct_v as_o we_o see_v in_o aprecot_n cherry_n etc._n etc._n under_o the_o leaf_n all_o tree_n in_o high_a and_o sandy_a ground_n 471._o be_v to_o be_v set_v deep_a and_o in_o watery_a ground_n more_o shallow_a and_o all_o tree_n when_o they_o be_v remove_v especial_o fruit-tree_n care_v aught_o to_o be_v take_v that_o the_o side_n of_o the_o tree_n be_v coast_v north_n and_o south_n as_o they_o stand_v before_o it_o be_v true_a observation_n that_o tree_n on_o high_a ground_n be_v to_o be_v set_v somewhat_o deep_o than_o in_o moist_a ground_n yet_o beware_v of_o set_v below_o the_o good_a soil_n in_o any_o ground_n fruit-tree_n as_o for_o coast_v of_o tree_n that_o be_v set_v the_o same_o side_n to_o the_o south_n when_o transplant_v as_o be_v before_o the_o rule_n be_v good_a but_o not_o necessary_a for_o many_o thousand_o be_v transplant_v with_o good_a success_n not_o observe_v which_o side_n grow_v north_n or_o south_n howsoever_o some_o reason_n may_v be_v show_v why_o it_o be_v best_a to_o observe_v it_o if_o it_o may_v convenient_o be_v do_v fruit-tree_n 472._o set_v upon_o a_o wall_n against_o the_o sun_n between_o elbow_n or_o butteress_n of_o stone_n ripen_v more_o then_o upon_o a_o plain_a wall_n observation_n fruit-tree_n so_o set_v have_v their_o fruit_n ripe_a soon_o than_o those_o upon_o a_o plain_a wall_n not_o so_o much_o because_o they_o be_v defend_v better_a from_o wind_n but_o chief_o because_o they_o have_v a_o double_a or_o treble_a
to_o be_v old_a as_o almond_n 638._o pear_n vine_n and_o all_o tree_n that_o give_v mast._n the_o cause_n be_v for_o that_o all_o tree_n that_o bear_v mast_n have_v a_o oily_a fruit_n and_o young_a tree_n have_v a_o more_o watery_a juice_n and_o less_o concoct_v but_o the_o most_o part_n of_o tree_n among_o which_o be_v apple_n plum_n etc._n etc._n bear_v best_a when_o they_o be_v young_a pear_n tree_n observation_n apple_n tree_n plum_n and_o cherrytree_n if_o they_o be_v good_a bear_v kind_n natural_o after_o they_o be_v three_o or_o four_o year_n growth_n and_o some_o soon_o do_v all_o bear_v store_n of_o fruit_n until_o they_o be_v extreme_a old_a and_o in_o a_o decay_a die_a condition_n and_o therefore_o in_o plant_v of_o fruit-tree_n be_v sure_a to_o procure_v those_o kind_n that_o be_v know_v by_o experience_n to_o be_v good_a bearer_n and_o good_a fruit_n and_o such_o will_v bear_v well_o both_o when_o they_o be_v young_a and_o when_o they_o be_v old_a until_o extreme_a age_n be_v i_o to_o plant_v a_o orchard_n or_o garden_n of_o fruit-tree_n and_o may_v have_v tree_n at_o hand_n free_o for_o nothing_o of_o indifferent_a common_a kind_n and_o but_o indifferent_a bearer_n i_o will_v rather_o choose_v to_o fetch_v those_o that_o be_v choice_a kind_n and_o special_a bearer_n one_o hundred_o or_o two_o hundred_o mile_n if_o they_o can_v not_o be_v have_v near_o and_o there_o pay_v dear_a for_o they_o too_o beside_o all_o other_o charge_n then_o take_v those_o at_o hand_n for_o when_o man_n plant_v fruit-tree_n it_o be_v not_o for_o a_o â—ew_a year_n but_o for_o several_a generation_n therefore_o take_v special_a care_n to_o have_v the_o best_a kind_n for_o bear_v and_o for_o relish_n or_o taste_v that_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o work_n the_o principal_a thing_n in_o plant_v now_o when_o fruit-tree_n be_v grow_v to_o extreme_a old_a age_n and_o therefore_o bear_v but_o little_a this_o may_v be_v do_v which_o will_v make_v they_o as_o it_o be_v young_a 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that_o such_o tree_n as_o love_v the_o sun_n do_v not_o willing_o descend_v far_o into_o the_o earth_n it_o be_v true_a observation_n the_o root_n of_o oak-tree_n and_o some_o other_o kind_n shoot_v down_o deep_o into_o the_o earth_n than_o ash-tree_n and_o some_o other_o tree_n may_v not_o the_o reason_n be_v why_o some_o put_v their_o root_n deep_a than_o other_o because_o those_o tree_n have_v great_a and_o large_a body_n than_o other_o and_o nature_n lay_v the_o foundation_n answerable_a to_o what_o be_v to_o be_v set_v upon_o it_o now_o oakes_n be_v the_o great_a tree_n nature_n be_v wise_a enough_o according_a to_o a_o law_n god_n have_v put_v into_o into_o it_o to_o make_v the_o root_n or_o foundation_n answerable_a otherwise_o i_o conceive_v the_o root_n of_o all_o tree_n will_v be_v as_o near_o the_o top_n of_o the_o ground_n as_o may_v be_v as_o love_v the_o sun_n as_o have_v a_o absolute_a need_n of_o it_o in_o order_n to_o their_o growth_n and_o i_o be_o persuade_v that_o the_o appetite_n of_o the_o spirit_n in_o all_o tree_n whatsoever_o one_o as_o well_o as_o another_o be_v upward_o and_o not_o downward_o and_o never_o exert_v itself_o downward_o but_o upon_o necessity_n and_o in_o order_n or_o in_o subordination_n to_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o tree_n above_o ground_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v 654._o that_o a_o branch_n of_o a_o tree_n be_v unbark_v some_o space_n at_o the_o bottom_n and_o so_o set_v into_o the_o ground_n even_o of_o such_o tree_n as_o if_o the_o bark_n be_v set_v on_o they_o will_v not_o grow_v yet_o contrariwise_o we_o see_v that_o a_o tree_n pare_v round_o in_o the_o body_n above_o ground_n will_v die_v the_o cause_n may_v be_v for_o that_o the_o unbarke_v part_n draw_v the_o nourishment_n best_o but_o the_o bark_n continue_v it_o only_o observation_n it_o be_v true_a some_o branch_n that_o be_v unbarkt_v at_o the_o bottom_n and_o set_v in_o the_o ground_n will_v grow_v of_o some_o kind_n of_o apple_n as_o the_o quodling_n nursgarden_n moyle_n and_o some_o other_o kind_n that_o have_v soft_a bark_n not_o because_o not_o the_o soon_o for_o that_o the_o branch_n be_v unbarkt_v for_o such_o will_v grow_v of_o cut_n of_o slip_n though_o they_o be_v not_o at_o all_o unbarkt_v and_o those_o that_o be_v unbarkt_v and_o grow_v it_o be_v not_o the_o unbarkt_v part_n that_o draw_v nourishment_n best_o nor_o that_o draw_v it_o at_o all_o but_o the_o root_n put_v forth_o from_o the_o bark_n even_o at_o the_o very_a adge_n of_o the_o cut_a part_n and_o also_o some_o break_v out_o of_o the_o bark_n where_o it_o be_v not_o cut_v as_o we_o see_v in_o those_o branch_n of_o tree_n from_o which_o we_o get_v root_n while_o they_o grow_v upon_o the_o tree_n by_o disbarking_a of_o they_o a_o inch_n round_o and_o tie_v mould_n about_o see_v how_o at_o large_a treatise_n of_o fruit-tree_n pag._n 136._o 668._o the_o graft_n of_o vine_n upon_o vine_n as_o i_o take_v it_o be_v not_o now_o in_o use_n the_o ancient_n have_v it_o and_o that_o three_o way_n the_o first_o be_v insition_n which_o be_v the_o ordinary_a manner_n of_o graft_v the_o second_o be_v terebration_n through_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o stock_n and_o put_v in_o the_o cion_n there_o and_o the_o three_o be_v pare_a of_o two_o vine_n that_o grow_v together_o to_o the_o marrow_n and_o bind_v they_o close_o i_o have_v try_v several_a way_n to_o graft_v vine_n observation_n by_o cleve_v or_o insition_n as_o the_o author_n call_v it_o and_o also_o by_o pare_n two_o vine_n the_o stock_n and_o graft_n on_o two_o side_n which_o be_v my_o usual_a and_o best_a way_n of_o graft_v other_o fruit-tree_n but_o neither_o take_v effect_n so_o that_o i_o be_o persuade_v those_o fruit-tree_n that_o be_v so_o easy_o propagate_v by_o other_o mean_n as_o by_o lay_v down_o the_o branch_n into_o the_o earth_n and_o by_o cut_n that_o these_o will_v not_o take_v with_o graft_v or_o inoculate_v as_o vine_n mulberry_n etc._n etc._n i_o have_v try_v many_o exreriment_n about_o mulberry_n both_o for_o graft_v and_o inoculate_v upon_o several_a kind_n of_o stock_n and_o yet_o none_o succeed_v but_o mulberry_n be_v increase_v by_o lay_v down_o the_o branch_n and_o by_o cut_n as_o vine_n be_v so_o that_o i_o conceive_v this_o graft_n mention_v by_o some_o ancient_a author_n be_v but_o a_o conceit_n of_o they_o a_o graft_v in_o the_o brain_n instead_o of_o a_o real_a experiment_n experiment_n like_o multitude_n of_o other_o thing_n record_v by_o some_o who_o its_o probable_a by_o what_o they_o say_v have_v no_o experimental_a knowledge_n in_o the_o thing_n they_o speak_v as_o for_o maturation_n of_o fruit_n 316._o it_o be_v effect_v by_o heat_n motion_n attraction_n and_o by_o a_o rudiment_n of_o putrefaction_n for_o the_o inception_n of_o putrefaction_n have_v in_o it_o a_o maturation_n observation_n concern_v the_o maturation_n or_o speedy_a ripen_n or_o concoct_v of_o fruit_n all_o kind_n of_o heat_n â—as_v the_o author_n say_v hasten_v it_o fast_o or_o slow_a according_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o heat_n as_o we_o see_v by_o experience_n apple_n or_o pear_n lay_v upon_o a_o heap_n together_o be_v new_o gather_v they_o mellow_a and_o ripen_v fast_o then_o if_o they_o lie_v single_a at_o distance_n one_o from_o another_o also_o apple_n cover_v in_o lime_n hay_o straw_n etc._n etc._n will_v be_v mellow_a in_o a_o short_a time_n but_o the_o most_o speedy_a way_n to_o ripen_v hard_a fruit_n and_o to_o abate_v the_o gross_a tartness_n of_o they_o be_v the_o common_a experiment_n by_o a_o gentle_a heat_n before_o the_o fire_n or_o in_o a_o oven_n after_o bread_n be_v draw_v so_o we_o see_v as_o the_o author_n observe_v if_o fruit_n be_v eat_v with_o wasp_n
to_o this_o purpose_n open_v the_o shell_n of_o a_o almond_n and_o write_v upon_o the_o kernel_n what_o you_o will_v and_o wrap_v it_o in_o paper_n and_o set_v it_o in_o clay_n mingle_v with_o swine_n dung_n a_o late_a author_n say_v steep_v the_o stone_n of_o peach_n two_o or_o three_o day_n and_o then_o open_v they_o and_o with_o a_o brass_n pen_n write_v on_o the_o rind_n of_o the_o kernel_n after_o put_v they_o again_o into_o the_o stone_n and_o wrap_v they_o about_o with_o paper_n or_o parchment_n and_o plant_v they_o and_o the_o fruit_n will_v be_v write_v and_o engrave_v be_v not_o this_o a_o odd_a conceit_n that_o write_v upon_o the_o book_n kernel_n shall_v produce_v fruit_n write_v or_o engrave_v a_o man_n no_o doubt_n with_o as_o good_a success_n may_v engrave_v or_o write_v upon_o the_o shell_n or_o husk_n of_o a_o almond_n or_o other_o fruit_n as_o upon_o the_o kernel_n or_o if_o he_o will_v upon_o the_o paper_n or_o parchment_n in_o which_o it_o be_v enwrap_v for_o the_o rind_n of_o the_o kernel_n contribute_v nothing_o to_o the_o tree_n or_o fruit_n but_o open_v as_o the_o husk_n or_o shell_n to_o let_v out_o the_o inner_a part_n of_o the_o kernel_n the_o vegetative_a virtue_n or_o internal_a form_n but_o if_o a_o man_n desire_v to_o have_v fruit_n with_o inscription_n and_o engraving_n he_o must_v take_v another_o course_n prescribe_v by_o a_o learned_a 128._o author_n upon_o better_a ground_n which_o be_v by_o write_v upon_o the_o fruit_n with_o a_o needle_n or_o bodkin_n when_o the_o fruit_n be_v young_a and_o as_o they_o grow_v big_a so_o the_o letter_n will_v grow_v more_o large_a and_o graphical_a concern_v the_o second_o sort_n of_o error_n thus_o much_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o mention_v many_o more_o as_o idle_a as_o these_o but_o i_o shall_v not_o trouble_v my_o self_n nor_o the_o reader_n with_o they_o at_o present_a only_o i_o say_v in_o the_o general_n let_v man_n take_v â—eed_o of_o such_o thing_n assert_v by_o author_n â—â—_o have_v neither_o reason_n nor_o experience_n to_o uphold_v they_o lest_o they_o spend_v their_o money_n labour_n and_o time_n about_o they_o and_o instead_o of_o profit_n and_o pleasure_n find_v discouragement_n and_o trouble_n the_o three_o sort_n of_o error_n be_v assign_v wrong_a cause_n to_o effect_n one_o of_o these_o error_n be_v this_o some_o have_v conceive_v plant._n that_o graft_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o early_o bear_v of_o fruit_n and_o do_v much_o better_a all_o fruit_n albert._n mag._n say_v it_o be_v better_a propter_fw-la digestionem_fw-la succi_n in_fw-la nodo_fw-la factam_fw-la because_o of_o the_o digestion_n of_o the_o sap_n in_o the_o knot_n so_o also_o cressentius_n 87._o and_o add_v et_fw-la iste_fw-la nodus_fw-la facit_fw-la diversitatem_fw-la omnem_fw-la quae_fw-la est_fw-la in_o malis_fw-la &_o pyris_fw-la &_o caeteris_fw-la fructibus_fw-la the_o knot_n which_o be_v between_o the_o graft_n and_o the_o stock_n make_v all_o the_o difference_n which_o be_v find_v in_o pear_n apple_n and_o other_o fruit_n bapt._n port._n likewise_o ascribe_v all_o to_o graft_v 97._o he_o say_v tree_n come_v of_o seed_n longa_n est_fw-la expectatio_fw-la ad_fw-la fructuum_fw-la productionem_fw-la insitio_fw-la vero_fw-la in_o aliquibus_fw-la eodem_fw-la anno_fw-la producit_fw-la tree_n come_v of_o seed_n be_v long_o ere_o they_o bear_v fruit_n but_o be_v graft_v some_o kind_a bear_n in_o a_o year_n or_o two_o so_o also_o columell_v lib._n de_fw-fr arbor_n pag._n 490._o lo._n bac._n want_v some_o experience_n in_o this_o point_n who_o say_v there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o that_o graft_v for_o the_o most_o part_n do_v meliorate_a fruit_n and_o again_o graft_v do_v general_o advance_v and_o meliorate_a fruit_n above_o that_o which_o they_o will_v be_v if_o they_o be_v set_v of_o kernel_n or_o stone_n the_o cause_n say_v he_o be_v manifest_a for_o that_o the_o nourishment_n be_v better_a prepare_v in_o the_o stock_n then_o in_o the_o crude_a earth_n i_o say_v herein_o these_o author_n assign_v a_o wrong_a cause_n to_o a_o eff_a for_o simple_o graft_v contribute_v nothing_o at_o all_o to_o the_o early_a bear_n of_o fruit_n nor_o to_o its_o goodness_n but_o the_o cause_n be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o graft_n if_o they_o be_v graft_n cut_v from_o bear_v tree_n and_o of_o good_a kind_n they_o bear_v good_a fruit_n in_o a_o year_n or_o two_o but_o if_o they_o be_v graft_n from_o young_a unbearing_a tree_n come_v of_o seed_n such_o graft_n will_v not_o bear_v the_o soon_o for_o graft_v it_o be_v not_o simple_o graft_v i_o say_v nor_o the_o knot_n as_o the_o author_n speak_v of_o that_o make_v tree_n bear_v one_o year_n one_o day_n the_o soon_o for_o if_o so_o then_o graft_v from_o young_a unbearing_a tree_n come_v of_o seed_n graft_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o upon_o as_o good_a stock_n as_o other_o graft_n from_o old_a bear_v tree_n they_o will_v bear_v fruit_n the_o one_o sort_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o other_o but_o it_o be_v otherwise_o so_o that_o the_o cause_n lie_v not_o simple_o in_o graft_v but_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o graft_n neither_o do_v graft_v make_v fruit_n at_o â—ll_a the_o better_a otherwise_o then_o as_o you_o choose_v graft_n of_o a_o good_a kind_n for_o we_o know_v graft_n rule_v and_o keep_v their_o own_o nature_n only_o with_o some_o small_a advantage_n from_o the_o stock_n â—f_o special_a stock_n or_o prejudice_n if_o a_o very_a bad_a stock_n and_o the_o cause_n be_v not_o well_o assign_v by_o the_o author_n who_o say_v it_o be_v for_o that_o the_o nourishment_n be_v better_a prepare_v in_o the_o stock_n then_o in_o the_o crude_a earth_n for_o we_o know_v the_o branch_n of_o a_o ungraft_v tree_n receive_v sap_n not_o immediate_o from_o the_o crude_a earth_n but_o from_o a_o stock_n or_o body_n as_o well_o as_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o grafted-tree_n the_o stock_n of_o the_o grafted-tree_n be_v a_o wild_a stock_n and_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n as_o be_v the_o stock_n or_o body_n of_o the_o ungrafted-tree_n they_o be_v both_o alike_o and_o the_o concoction_n and_o nourishment_n in_o both_o be_v alike_o and_o the_o cause_n be_v a_o like_a why_o be_v not_o the_o effect_n alike_o it_o be_v plain_a this_o be_v not_o the_o cause_n but_o the_o cause_n be_v in_o the_o graft_n 115._o not_o in_o the_o stock_n though_o the_o nourishment_n be_v never_o so_o well_o concoct_v in_o the_o stock_n and_o the_o fruit_n be_v not_o make_v better_a or_o worse_o simple_o by_o graft_v the_o author_n assert_v this_o truth_n plain_o elsewhere_o the_o graft_n say_v he_o over-ruleth_a the_o stock_n and_o again_o the_o graft_n will_v govern_v that_o be_v they_o keep_v the_o nature_n and_o property_n of_o the_o tree_n from_o which_o they_o be_v get_v another_o of_o the_o three_o sort_n of_o error_n be_v this_o 362._o a_o late_a author_n say_v the_o cause_n why_o tree_n bear_v not_o fruit_n in_o a_o few_o year_n after_o graft_v be_v because_o they_o be_v graft_v in_o the_o old_a of_o the_o moon_n for_o say_v he_o so_o many_o day_n as_o the_o moou_n be_v old_a when_o you_o graft_v so_o many_o year_n will_v the_o graft_v be_v ere_o it_o bear_v fruit_n the_o cause_n be_v here_o mistake_v for_o the_o moon_n have_v no_o such_o influence_n upon_o fruit-tree_n as_o to_o withhold_v their_o fruit_n in_o this_o manner_n man_n we_o see_v by_o experience_n graft_v in_o all_o season_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o find_v no_o such_o difference_n in_o the_o bear_n of_o the_o tree_n the_o chief_a cause_n of_o unfruitfulness_n of_o tree_n be_v when_o they_o be_v not_o fit_a for_o the_o country_n where_o they_o be_v plant_v second_o when_o the_o graft_n be_v choose_v from_o young_a wild_a unbearing_a tree_n or_o such_o as_o natural_o bear_v little_a or_o seldom_o three_o repletion_n or_o overmuch_a nourishment_n four_o coldness_n or_o overmoistness_n of_o the_o ground_n five_o frost_n or_o cold_a wind_n in_o the_o spring_n three_o another_o of_o the_o three_o sort_n of_o error_n be_v this_o many_o conceive_v that_o sap_n in_o tree_n do_v descend_v from_o the_o branch_n to_o the_o root_n which_o cause_v several_a effect_n as_o fall_v of_o the_o leaf_n goodness_n of_o the_o root_n of_o divers_a plant_n for_o use_n etc._n etc._n but_o the_o cause_n of_o these_o effect_n be_v mistake_v for_o sap_n in_o tree_n never_o descend_v but_o always_o ascend_v and_o leave_v of_o tree_n fall_v in_o autumn_n not_o because_o sap_n descend_v from_o they_o but_o because_o sap_n ascend_v not_o to_o they_o sufficient_a to_o nourish_v or_o feed_v they_o any_o long_o and_o if_o root_n be_v best_a in_o autumn_n that_o be_v not_o cause_v by_o descent_n of_o sap_n but_o for_o that_o the_o body_n and_o branch_n of_o a_o tree_n in_o autumn_n draw_v but_o a_o small_a quantity_n of_o sap_n from_o
to_o any_o other_o part_n and_o so_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o moisture_n about_o it_o break_v forth_o into_o some_o small_a root_n in_o some_o kind_n of_o tree_n or_o into_o some_o roughness_n and_o small_a knub_n like_o root_n but_o this_o can_v be_v cause_v by_o descension_n of_o sap_n if_o any_o be_v for_o such_o as_o hold_v descension_n of_o sap_n pretend_v not_o to_o it_o until_o autuâ—â—e_v or_o about_o the_o end_n of_o september_n now_o these_o root_n be_v make_v long_o before_o that_o time_n in_o long_o summer_n by_o the_o rise_n up_o of_o sap_n as_o be_v say_v especial_o if_o the_o bough_n be_v disbark_v in_o may._n can_v the_o effect_n be_v before_o the_o cause_n can_v root_n be_v make_v in_o summer_n by_o sap_n that_o descend_v in_o autumn_n if_o any_o such_o thing_n be_v so_o that_o this_o argument_n for_o descension_n of_o sap_n be_v of_o no_o weight_n but_o be_v weak_a and_o childish_a the_o three_o argument_n against_o descension_n and_o also_o circulation_n of_o sap_n it_o be_v contrary_a to_o its_o nature_n as_o concern_v circulation_n of_o sap_n in_o summer_n which_o some_o also_o hold_v i_o apprehend_v no_o more_o ground_n for_o that_o then_o for_o descension_n in_o autumn_n for_o as_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n to_o work_v such_o a_o effect_n so_o neither_o be_v it_o natural_a to_o sap_n to_o have_v such_o a_o motion_n of_o itself_o for_o plantsâ—n_n â—n_z some_o sort_n like_o a_o thin_a airy_a vapour_n from_o some_o moist_a substance_n partly_o cause_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n sun_n the_o sun_n be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o rise_n up_o of_o sap_n though_o also_o and_o principal_o the_o vegetative_a spirit_n excite_v by_o th'sun_n carry_v it_o up_o and_o disperse_v it_o to_o all_o the_o part_n for_o nourishment_n and_o growth_n now_o we_o know_v there_o be_v no_o descend_v of_o vapour_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o they_o ascend_v vapour_n come_v not_o down_o again_o to_o the_o earth_n until_o they_o be_v condense_v and_o thicken_v into_o rain_n snow_n hail_o etc._n etc._n when_o they_o be_v become_v a_o ponderous_a and_o weighty_a substance_n than_o they_o natural_o tend_v downward_o not_o while_o they_o be_v a_o leight_n airy_a substance_n so_o be_v it_o concern_v sap_n in_o tree_n it_o ascend_v partly_o by_o attraction_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o native_a spirit_n as_o a_o thin_a airy_a substance_n subtle_a light_a spirituous_a as_o well_o through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o wood_n as_o between_o the_o bark_n and_o the_o wood_n where_o it_o rise_v more_o plentiful_o and_o be_v more_o condense_a now_o while_o it_o be_v thus_o light_a and_o vaporous_a it_o can_v neither_o descend_v nor_o circulate_v for_o every_o leight_n body_n as_o flame_n air_n smoke_n vapour_n etc._n etc._n ascend_v upward_o omne_fw-la leave_n sursum_fw-la and_o can_v descend_v or_o fall_v downward_o no_o more_o than_o a_o heavy_a thing_n as_o such_o can_v rise_v or_o ascend_v upward_o by_o its_o own_o natural_a motion_n indeed_o when_o sap_n be_v turn_v into_o wood_n leaves_z bud_n blossom_n and_o fruit_n these_o thing_n have_v some_o ponderosity_n or_o weight_n in_o they_o and_o so_o natural_o descend_v omne_fw-la grave_n deorsum_fw-la as_o air_n and_o vapour_n be_v condense_v and_o become_v water_n in_o the_o cloud_n do_v natural_o fall_v downward_o but_o whatsoever_o be_v a_o thin_a aerious_a light_a body_n ascend_v upward_o and_o can_v as_o such_o neither_o descend_v nor_o condense_v circulate_v and_o such_o a_o substance_n be_v sap_n in_o tree_n four_o the_o appetite_n of_o the_o spirit_n in_o all_o vegetable_n be_v upward_o there_o be_v a_o innate_a spirit_n in_o tree_n and_o all_o vegetable_n sap._n which_o some_o call_v the_o soul_n of_o plant_n yea_o in_o all_o body_n animate_v and_o inanimate_a this_o sir_n fran._n bacon_n have_v abundant_o set_v forth_o this_o spirit_n as_o he_o show_v be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o compound_n of_o flame_n and_o air_n be_v of_o a_o flammeous_a and_o aerious_a nature_n now_o this_o be_v the_o vehicle_n or_o mean_n of_o conveyance_n of_o the_o sap_n unto_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o tree_n every_o twig_n and_o bud_n of_o it_o its_o appetite_n be_v upward_o because_o it_o be_v a_o light_a body_n and_o all_o light_a thing_n natural_o ascend_v upward_o 387._o as_o be_v say_v and_o not_o downward_o unless_o it_o be_v to_o observe_v a_o law_n in_o nature_n in_o avoid_v a_o vacuum_n at_o any_o time_n the_o great_a quantity_n of_o spirit_n there_o be_v in_o any_o creature_n the_o leight_a it_o be_v either_o animate_v or_o inanimate_a especial_o if_o it_o be_v the_o lively_a spirit_n if_o it_o be_v say_v this_o spirit_n in_o tree_n exert_n itself_o downward_o in_o the_o root_n as_o well_o as_o upward_o it_o be_v true_a so_o much_o and_o so_o far_o as_o be_v necessary_a to_o make_v a_o foundation_n to_o support_v the_o body_n and_o branch_n and_o to_o draw_v nourishment_n for_o feed_v &_o increase_v thereof_o which_o it_o do_v but_o only_o in_o a_o subserviency_n to_o the_o body_n and_o branch_n and_o though_o the_o root_n spread_v wide_a yet_o depth_n be_v but_o little_a to_o the_o height_n of_o a_o tree_n the_o root_n spread_v and_o run_v as_o near_o the_o superficies_n and_o top_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o may_v be_v as_o have_v still_o a_o appetite_n upward_o as_o near_o the_o sun_n as_o may_v be_v and_o all_o the_o sap_n and_o moisture_n which_o this_o spirit_n carry_v upward_o which_o be_v by_o far_o the_o great_a part_n it_o never_o carry_v down_o again_o be_v against_o its_o nature_n to_o descend_v as_o it_o be_v a_o leight_n body_n the_o five_o argument_n and_o further_o as_o another_o argument_n from_o experience_n and_o that_o which_o be_v obvious_a to_o our_o very_a sense_n we_o see_v and_o know_v that_o when_o we_o bend_v down_o a_o bough_n of_o a_o tree_n upon_o a_o wall_n towards_o the_o ground_n to_o cause_v it_o to_o grow_v and_o spread_v as_o near_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o wall_n as_o may_v be_v we_o find_v i_o say_v how_o poor_o such_o bough_n do_v grow_v shoot_v forth_o but_o a_o very_a little_a and_o sometime_o a_o part_n die_v and_o sometime_o all_o and_o this_o show_v it_o against_o the_o nature_n of_o sap_n to_o descend_v or_o circulate_v for_o otherwise_o why_o be_v not_o such_o bough_n so_o bend_v downward_o as_o plentiful_o feed_v with_o sap_n as_o those_o that_o grow_v straight_o up_o or_o straight_o out_o and_o not_o so_o much_o bow_v as_o the_o other_o so_o it_o be_v in_o plash_v hedge_n if_o bough_n be_v lay_v too_o low_a they_o die_v or_o grow_v poor_o but_o we_o see_v the_o sap_n press_v upward_o with_o vigour_n and_o violence_n the_o bough_n and_o branch_n that_o grow_v upward_o shoot_v forth_o strong_o and_o be_v full_o feed_v but_o such_o as_o bow_v down_o low_a be_v almost_o starve_v so_o that_o its_o plain_a its_z as_o much_o against_o the_o nature_n of_o sap_n to_o descend_v or_o to_o circulate_v as_o it_o be_v for_o water_n to_o ascend_v which_o yet_o we_o know_v by_o art_n may_v be_v make_v to_o ascend_v in_o pipe_n from_o below_o as_o high_a as_o the_o fountain_n or_o spring_n but_o no_o high_o for_o its_o natural_a motion_n be_v to_o descend_v so_o sap_n though_o its_o natural_a motion_n be_v upward_o yet_o by_o art_n be_v ascend_v up_o into_o a_o branch_n it_o may_v be_v somewhat_o force_v downward_o and_o yet_o very_a hardly_o slow_o and_o weak_o although_o to_o the_o nourishment_n &_o keep_v life_n in_o any_o of_o its_o part_n or_o branch_n so_o bow_v down_o which_o plain_o show_v how_o much_o against_o its_o nature_n this_o motion_n of_o descension_n or_o that_o of_o circulation_n be_v the_o six_o argument_n against_o descension_n of_o sap._n and_o last_o to_o prove_v this_o more_o full_o and_o clear_o by_o a_o plain_a undeniable_a argument_n if_o there_o be_v a_o continual_a ascension_n of_o sap_n in_o tree_n than_o there_o be_v no_o descension_n but_o there_o be_v a_o continual_a ascension_n therefore_o no_o descension_n to_o prove_v the_o minor_a proposition_n that_o there_o be_v a_o continual_a ascension_n of_o sap_n in_o tree_n the_o sun_n and_o aire_n continual_o draw_v sap_n and_o moisture_n out_o of_o tree_n and_o other_o vegetable_n d._n as_o the_o lord_n bacon_n and_o other_o conclude_v and_o as_o may_v be_v make_v appear_v by_o reason_n and_o experience_n we_o know_v if_o branch_n and_o twig_n of_o tree_n be_v cut_v off_o and_o lay_v aside_o in_o the_o sun_n and_o air_n but_o a_o few_o day_n they_o will_v be_v contract_v and_o wrinkle_a the_o air_n draw_v out_o the_o sap_n and_o moisture_n and_o such_o have_v no_o supply_n of_o sap_n from_o the_o root_n they_o quick_o wither_v now_o know_v also_o that_o the_o sun_n and_o air_n
see_v by_o experience_n they_o will_v grow_v and_o thrive_v upon_o almost_o any_o land_n but_o a_o loose_a warm_a soil_n be_v account_v best_a if_o it_o be_v shelve_v upon_o the_o sun_n upon_o such_o a_o ground_n they_o will_v thrive_v much_o fast_o and_o the_o profit_n will_v be_v great_a than_o on_o cold_a clay_n moist_a ground_n howsoever_o plant_v any_o ground_n that_o may_v be_v plant_v the_o profit_n will_v be_v great_a and_o many_o to_o the_o present_a age_n and_o to_o posterity_n and_o now_o i_o return_v again_o into_o the_o orchard_n and_o garden_n and_o shall_v also_o speak_v somewhat_o further_o concern_v vine-yard_n which_o some_o be_v very_o confident_a may_v be_v make_v here_o in_o england_n with_o very_o good_a success_n and_o advantage_n it_o be_v record_v that_o many_o vineyard_n have_v be_v former_o in_o england_n england_n and_o that_o tithe_n have_v be_v pay_v in_o some_o part_n of_o gloucester-shire_n of_o wine_n make_v of_o the_o vineyard_n there_o see_v mr._n hartlib_n legacy_n of_o husbandry_n pag._n 23_o and_o 24._o and_o that_o a_o gentleman_n in_o the_o wild_a of_o kent_n make_v six_o or_o eight_o hogshead_n yearly_a of_o his_o own_o vine_n that_o he_o have_v one_o old_a vine_n upon_o the_o side_n and_o tile_n of_o his_o house_n that_o yield_v nigh_o a_o hogshead_n of_o wine_n in_o a_o year_n p._n 26._o camden_n testimony_n of_o vineyard_n in_o england_n camden_n in_o his_o britannia_n pag._n 357._o say_v that_o william_n of_o malmesbery_n write_v that_o there_o be_v no_o country_n in_o all_o england_n so_o thick_o set_v with_o vineyard_n as_o gloucester-shire_n nor_o so_o plentiful_a in_o increase_n the_o wine_n thereof_o make_v affect_v not_o their_o mouth_n that_o drink_v they_o with_o any_o unpleasant_a tartness_n as_o be_v little_a inferior_a in_o sweetness_n and_o odor_n to_o the_o french_a wine_n and_o mr._n camden_n add_v that_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o many_o place_n in_o that_o country_n and_o elsewhere_o in_o england_n be_v call_v vineyard_n and_o that_o it_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v the_o sloathfulness_n of_o the_o people_n rather_o than_o any_o indisposition_n of_o the_o air_n that_o this_o nation_n yield_v not_o wine_n at_o this_o day_n mr._n parkinson_n judgement_n of_o vineyard_n in_o england_n howsoever_o mr._n parkinson_n in_o his_o paradisus_fw-la terrestris_fw-la pag._n 553._o tell_v we_o he_o think_v it_o will_v be_v a_o fruitless_a labour_n to_o strive_v in_o these_o day_n to_o make_v a_o good_a vineyard_n in_o england_n for_o that_o year_n be_v not_o now_o so_o hot_a as_o former_o and_o he_o bring_v experience_n into_o witness_n the_o thing_n that_o divers_a both_o noble_n and_o gentleman_n of_o late_a time_n have_v endeavour_v to_o plant_v vineyard_n and_o bring_v over_o frenchman_n to_o do_v it_o but_o can_v never_o make_v any_o wine_n that_o be_v worth_a the_o drink_n be_v so_o small_a and_o heartless_a that_o they_o soon_o give_v over_o their_o practice_n and_o also_o one_o say_v in_o camden_n brit._n pag._n 269._o that_o we_o have_v have_v vine_n in_o britan_n since_o probus_n the_o emperor_n time_n rather_o for_o shade_n than_o fruit_n now_o man_n have_v hear_v the_o judgement_n of_o writer_n and_o what_o be_v record_v concern_v vineyard_n in_o england_n they_o may_v do_v as_o they_o see_v cause_n a_o vineyard_n must_v have_v all_o advantage_n with_o we_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o if_o some_o special_a vine_n that_o ripen_v their_o fruit_n early_a as_o some_o do_v with_o we_o be_v plant_v with_o all_o the_o advantage_n that_o may_v be_v as_o upon_o the_o side_n of_o a_o hill_n upon_o the_o southeast_n sun_n upon_o on_o a_o hot_a sandy_a soil_n the_o vine_n keep_v short_a and_o low_a within_o a_o yard_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o the_o ground_n keep_v bare_a without_o weed_n or_o grass_n it_o be_v likely_a i_o say_v thus_o plant_v and_o order_v they_o will_v afford_v good_a wine_n even_o with_o we_o in_o england_n or_o if_o vine_n some_o early_a kind_n be_v plant_v upon_o the_o south-side_n of_o house_n or_o morning_n sun_n and_o spread_v upon_o the_o tile_n no_o doubt_n the_o grape_n will_v make_v good_a wine_n but_o i_o very_o believe_v that_o vine_n upon_o level_a ground_n without_o the_o advantage_n before_o mention_v will_v not_o bring_v forth_o grape_n to_o perfection_n it_o be_v likely_a such_o will_v make_v very_o good_a vinegar_n or_o verjuice_n better_a than_o that_o of_o crab_n a_o experience_a way_n for_o good_a wine_n but_o see_v we_o have_v such_o a_o know_a experience_a way_n to_o make_v good_a wine_n in_o england_n of_o pearmains_n pippin_n moil_n redstreak_n and_o other_o fruit_n we_o need_v care_v the_o less_o for_o wine_n of_o grape_n the_o best_a that_o be_v say_v of_o the_o wine_n that_o have_v be_v make_v in_o england_n of_o grape_n be_v that_o be_v have_v be_v little_a inferior_a in_o sweetness_n and_o odor_n to_o the_o french_a wine_n but_o the_o commendation_n of_o wine_n make_v of_o the_o best_a apple_n be_v far_o high_a viz._n that_o it_o have_v be_v esteem_v by_o good_a palate_n not_o inferior_a to_o the_o best_a wine_n of_o grape_n â—all_n thing_n consider_v yea_o have_v be_v prefer_v before_o it_o see_v pag._n 145._o hereafter_o follow_v divers_a experiment_n and_o observation_n promiscuous_o without_o dependence_n one_o upon_o another_o dwarftrees_n it_o be_v good_a to_o plant_v some_o aprecot-tree_n peach-tree_n figtree_n and_o other_o kind_n of_o tree_n which_o we_o use_v to_o plant_v against_o a_o wall_n upon_o standard_n to_o grow_v somewhat_o low_a as_o dwarftree_n if_o it_o may_v be_v upon_o the_o side_n of_o a_o south-hill_n experience_n show_v the_o fruit_n will_v come_v to_o ripeness_n but_o be_v somewhat_o late_a and_o small_a however_o this_o save_v abundance_n of_o labour_n and_o time_n and_o some_o cost_n in_o prune_v and_o nail_v the_o branch_n to_o the_o wall_n yearly_o the_o figtree_n bear_v a_o excellent_a cordial_a fruit_n it_o do_v sensible_o refresh_v the_o spirit_n after_o eat_v but_o eat_v moderate_o lest_o they_o make_v the_o blood_n to_o abound_v overmuch_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v keep_v bare_a with_o dige_v they_o or_o pare_n often_o the_o fruit_n will_v be_v the_o fair_a and_o soon_o ripe_a the_o reflection_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o the_o bare_a earth_n will_v be_v almost_o as_o strong_a as_o from_o a_o wall_n especial_o if_o beat_v down_o hard_o after_o dig_v moist_a tree_n waterish_a ground_n be_v bad_a for_o fruit-tree_n they_o chill_v the_o root_n and_o cause_n moss_n upon_o the_o tree_n and_o make_v the_o fruit_n more_o cold_a and_o on_o a_o worse_a taste_n than_o the_o same_o kind_n on_o dry_a ground_n but_o if_o tree_n must_v be_v plant_v on_o such_o ground_n lay_v they_o as_o dry_a as_o may_v be_v by_o ditch_n and_o trench_n in_o several_a place_n it_o will_v advantage_v tree_n in_o bear_v old_a tree_n especial_o to_o put_v pigeon_n dung_n bear_v lees_n of_o wine_n with_o some_o ash_n brimstone_n or_o the_o like_a to_o kill_v worm_n about_o the_o root_n or_o to_o put_v some_o blood_n or_o piece_n of_o flesh_n to_o their_o root_n also_o state_n urinal_n mix_v be_v very_o good_a for_o they_o but_o yet_o beware_v of_o use_v too_o great_a a_o quantity_n of_o these_o hot_a thing_n at_o one_o time_n some_o tree_n have_v be_v quite_o spoil_v with_o blood_n and_o such_o like_a in_o not_o observe_v therein_o a_o meet_a quantity_n and_o season_n wine_n and_o hot_a water_n refresh_v our_o body_n use_v moderate_o but_o otherwise_o be_v hurtful_a a_o man_n may_v be_v kill_v with_o cordial_n if_o immoderate_o take_v so_o of_o all_o other_o creature_n also_o to_o water_n tree_n in_o blossom_a and_o knit_a time_n make_v they_o hold_v their_o fruit_n better_o root_n if_o tree_n thrive_v not_o nor_o bear_v well_o one_o cause_n among_o many_o other_o and_o not_o so_o much_o observe_v may_v be_v for_o that_o some_o hurtful_a creature_n may_v breed_v and_o lie_v about_o their_o root_n as_o pismire_n toad_n eft_o and_o such_o like_a one_o dig_v about_o the_o root_n of_o a_o tree_n that_o do_v not_o thrive_v well_o find_v a_o very_a great_a multitude_n of_o eft_o a_o great_a nest_n of_o they_o lie_v at_o the_o root_n which_o undoubted_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o poorness_n of_o the_o tree_n so_o of_o other_o such_o like_a creature_n therefore_o once_o in_o 3_o or_o 4_o year_n it_o be_v good_a to_o dig_v and_o turn_v up_o the_o earth_n about_o the_o root_n especial_o of_o old_a tree_n and_o withal_o to_o put_v in_o some_o dung_n thorough_o rot_v or_o fresh_a earth_n way_n fruit-tree_n plant_v in_o the_o field_n make_v grass_n to_o spring_v early_o in_o the_o year_n by_o reason_n they_o cause_n warmth_n and_o in_o a_o hot_a summer_n they_o shade_v the_o grass_n when_o it_o be_v burn_v up_o in_o some_o
be_v danger_n in_o some_o ground_n lest_o they_o harbour_v ant_n or_o pismire_n about_o the_o tree_n root_n under_o the_o stone_n which_o i_o have_v see_v to_o the_o hurt_n and_o destruction_n of_o divers_a young_a tree_n but_o it_o be_v a_o safe_a and_o better_a way_n to_o lay_v a_o good_a quantity_n of_o rot_a dung_n or_o litter_n straw_n etc._n etc._n round_o about_o the_o root_n of_o new_a set_a tree_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mould_n this_o keep_v they_o warm_a in_o winter_n and_o cool_v and_o moist_a in_o summer_n and_o steady_a and_o the_o moisture_n and_o fatness_n of_o the_o mock_n soak_v down_o to_o the_o root_n and_o refresh_v the_o tree_n very_o much_o or_o for_o want_v thereof_o lay_v a_o heap_n of_o weed_n round_o about_o the_o new_a set_a tree_n root_n and_o so_o all_o the_o next_o summer_n after_o these_o thing_n be_v special_a advantage_n to_o new_a set_a tree_n 423._o a_o tree_n at_o first_o set_v shall_v not_o be_v shake_v but_o after_o a_o year_n root_n than_o shake_v be_v good_a observation_n when_o young_a tree_n be_v first_o plant_v it_o be_v very_o convenient_a to_o set_v a_o stake_n to_o each_o of_o they_o and_o tie_v they_o together_o with_o a_o hayband_n or_o some_o soft_a band_n that_o wind_n shake_v they_o not_o and_o this_o not_o for_o a_o year_n only_o but_o divers_a year_n until_o the_o young_a tree_n be_v well_o root_v in_o the_o earth_n and_o also_o be_v grow_v strong_a that_o the_o wind_n bow_v not_o their_o body_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o grow_v crooked_a which_o fault_n i_o have_v see_v in_o very_a many_o tree_n cut_v away_o sucker_n 424._o and_o side_n bough_n make_v tree_n grow_v high_a all_o sucker_n must_v be_v cut_v away_o from_o the_o root_n of_o tree_n observation_n and_o as_o for_o side_n branch_n those_o may_v be_v cut_v as_o man_n be_v mind_v to_o have_v their_o tree_n to_o spread_v near_o or_o high_a from_o the_o ground_n but_o cut_v not_o the_o side_n branch_n too_o soon_o before_o the_o body_n be_v grow_v strong_a enough_o to_o bear_v the_o head_n else_o it_o will_v be_v top_n heavy_a and_o grow_v crooked_a to_o have_v many_o new_a root_n of_o fruit-tree_n 426._o lay_v the_o branch_n in_o the_o ground_n etc._n etc._n the_o branch_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o tree_n will_v not_o take_v root_n thus_o observation_n this_o way_n of_o propagation_n be_v only_o for_o some_o kind_n as_o mulberry_n fig_n vine_n quadling_n nurs-garden_n and_o some_o other_o kind_n of_o tree_n who_o branch_n be_v soft_a and_o porous_a as_o for_o aprecot_n peach_n and_o such_o like_a they_o will_v not_o take_v root_n thus_o i_o have_v try_v but_o not_o one_o root_n can_v be_v get_v neither_o will_v they_o take_v with_o graft_v i_o have_v try_v many_o the_o way_n to_o propagate_v these_o kind_n be_v by_o inoculate_v bud_n upon_o young_a stock_n full_a of_o sap_n 427._o from_o may_n to_o july_n you_o may_v take_v off_o thâ—_n bark_n of_o any_o bough_n etc._n etc._n and_o set_v it_o and_o it_o wilâ—_n grow_v to_o be_v a_o fair_a tree_n in_o one_o year_n the_o cause_n may_v be_v for_o that_o the_o bare_n from_o the_o bark_n keep_v the_o sap_n from_o descend_v towards_o winter_n observation_n it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o bough_n of_o some_o kind_n of_o tree_n will_v take_v root_n in_o this_o manner_n as_o be_v here_o express_v that_o be_v such_o kind_n as_o will_v take_v root_n with_o lay_v down_o in_o the_o ground_n mention_v in_o the_o last_o experiment_n which_o be_v cut_v off_o and_o set_v may_v grow_v to_o be_v a_o fair_a tree_n in_o certain_a year_n not_o in_o one_o year_n as_o be_v say_v for_o the_o root_n get_v in_o this_o manner_n be_v but_o small_a and_o very_o disproportionable_a to_o the_o bough_n so_o that_o it_o can_v come_v on_o but_o very_o poor_o and_o slow_o for_o divers_a year_n as_o for_o the_o bare_n from_o the_o bark_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o keep_v sap_n from_o descend_v towards_o winter_n i_o say_v the_o sap_n be_v as_o far_o from_o descend_v when_o the_o bark_n be_v on_o as_o when_o it_o be_v off_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n in_o nature_n as_o descension_n of_o sap_n in_o any_o tree_n whatsoever_o this_o worthy_a author_n take_v this_o upon_o trust_n according_a to_o the_o general_a opinion_n of_o man_n for_o have_v he_o but_o stay_v a_o little_a to_o consider_v it_o he_o will_v have_v find_v it_o groundless_a and_o a_o mere_a conceit_n for_o all_o the_o sap_n that_o ascend_v into_o the_o body_n and_o branch_n of_o tree_n be_v change_v into_o wood_n bark_n bud_n blossom_n leaf_n and_o fruit_n it_o be_v turn_v inâ—o_o that_o body_n and_o substance_n which_o we_o see_v â—bove_o ground_n and_o none_o at_o all_o descend_v at_o â—ny_n time_n for_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n and_o therefore_o no_o such_o effect_n sap_n be_v continual_o ascend_v all_o the_o year_n long_o more_o or_o less_o either_o for_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o tree_n in_o summer_n or_o for_o the_o conservation_n of_o it_o in_o life_n and_o in_o all_o its_o dimension_n in_o winter_n for_o there_o be_v a_o continual_a extrastion_n of_o sap_n out_o of_o the_o body_n boughs_z and_o branch_n by_o the_o sun_n and_o aire_n as_o this_o author_n elsewhere_o assert_n and_o which_o experience_n prove_v now_o if_o there_o be_v at_o any_o time_n a_o descension_n also_o what_o then_o will_v become_v of_o the_o tree_n it_o will_v quick_o wither_v be_v contract_v and_o shrink_v apparent_o whosoever_o be_v unsatisfied_a with_o what_o be_v here_o say_v against_o descension_n of_o sap_n in_o tree_n may_v see_v hereof_o more_o large_o many_o argument_n against_o it_o in_o my_o treatise_n of_o fruit-tree_n pag._n 191_o 192_o etc._n etc._n if_o tree_n bear_v not_o 428._o bear_v a_o hole_n through_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o tree_n and_o it_o will_v bear_v perhaps_o this_o course_n may_v do_v some_o good_a in_o let_v out_o some_o superflous_a sap_n observation_n if_o too_o much_o repletion_n be_v the_o cause_n but_o there_o be_v divers_a other_o cause_n of_o barrenness_n of_o fruit-tree_n as_o too_o deep_a set_n the_o root_n run_v down_o into_o gravel_n clay_n water_n etc._n etc._n which_o must_v have_v answerable_a remeâ—dies_n and_o sometime_o it_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o tree_n that_o all_o the_o culture_n in_o the_o world_n use_v to_o the_o root_n and_o body_n wilâ—_n not_o help_v without_o engraft_v the_o brancheâ—_n with_o graft_n of_o some_o good_a bear_a kind_n which_o be_v the_o best_a way_n i_o know_v to_o have_v store_n of_o good_a fruit_n and_o speedy_o too_o from_o barren_a tree_n 429._o to_o make_v tree_n bear_v cleave_v the_o chief_a root_n and_o put_v in_o a_o small_a pebble_n observation_n this_o may_v be_v profitable_a not_o only_o for_o that_o the_o root_n may_v be_v barkâ—bound_a as_o well_o as_o the_o body_n and_o branch_n which_o must_v be_v score_v down_o and_o cut_v to_o the_o wood_n but_o also_o it_o will_v cause_v the_o root_n to_o shoot_v forth_o many_o small_a root_n at_o the_o place_n open_v which_o will_v afford_v more_o vigour_n life_n and_o sap_n to_o the_o branch_n and_o so_o make_v the_o tree_n strong_a and_o more_o in_o heart_n and_o able_a to_o bring_v forth_o more_o and_o fair_a fruit_n 430._o tree_n against_o a_o southwall_n have_v more_o of_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n then_o when_o they_o grow_v round_o observation_n aprecot_n peach_n and_o such_o like_a â—old_a fruit_n will_v scarce_o ripen_v but_o against_o a_o 〈◊〉_d they_o have_v need_n both_o of_o the_o 〈…〉_z and_o reflex_n beam_n of_o the_o sun_n 〈…〉_z it_o be_v more_o practise_v to_o set_v some_o other_o choice_a kind_n of_o fruit_n upon_o a_o southwall_n as_o the_o great_a burgamet_n summer_n boncriten_v green-fleld_a pear_n and_o other_o special_a kind_n this_o will_v advantage_v they_o great_o not_o only_o in_o bigness_n but_o also_o in_o their_o early_a ripen_n and_o goodness_n of_o taste_n thus_o one_o or_o a_o few_o will_v be_v worth_a many_o ordinary_a one_o some_o pull_v off_o the_o leaf_n from_o wall_n tree_n 431._o that_o the_o sun_n may_v come_v the_o better_a upon_o the_o bough_n and_o fruit_n this_o may_v hasten_v ripen_v observation_n but_o it_o hinder_v the_o bigness_n of_o the_o fruit_n the_o sun_n ripen_v they_o before_o they_o have_v attain_v their_o natural_a greatness_n in_o case_n it_o prove_v then_o very_a hot_a weather_n so_o that_o if_o leaf_n be_v pull_v off_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v till_o fruit_n be_v at_o bige_v and_o then_o but_o where_o they_o overmuch_o shade_v the_o fruit_n some_o convenient_a shade_n by_o the_o leaf_n be_v as_o necessary_a for_o the_o fruit_n in_o order_n to_o bigness_n and_o goodness_n as_o the_o sun_n the_o lowness_n of_o the_o bough_n 432._o make_v the_o fruit_n great_a and_o to_o ripen_v
moâ—e_n into_o the_o shoot_n and_o make_v they_o large_a tâ—en_n if_o it_o bear_v fruit_n and_o the_o issue_n as_o to_o â—earing_v more_o or_o better_a fruit_n will_v be_v nothing_o worth_a there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o that_o graft_a for_o the_o most_o part_n do_v meliorate_a fruit_n 452._o the_o cause_n be_v manifest_a for_o that_o the_o nourishment_n be_v better_a prepare_v in_o the_o stock_n then_o in_o the_o crudâ—_n earth_n graft_v do_v not_o at_o all_o meliorate_a the_o fruit_n simple_o in_o its_o self_n observation_n for_o a_o tree_n will_v not_o be_v the_o better_a for_o graft_v unless_o the_o graft_n be_v take_v from_o a_o good_a tree_n if_o the_o tree_n from_o which_o graft_n be_v cut_v be_v no_o better_o than_o the_o tree_n which_o be_v graft_v then_o graft_v will_v not_o a_o jot_n mend_v the_o fruit_n which_o it_o will_v if_o graft_v be_v any_o thing_n towards_o the_o better_n of_o the_o fruit_n the_o cause_n why_o graft_a tree_n bear_v better_a fruit_n then_o wild_a ungraft_v tree_n be_v not_o because_o they_o be_v graft_v but_o because_o the_o graft_n be_v good_a the_o tree_n from_o which_o the_o graft_n be_v cut_v be_v of_o a_o good_a kind_n and_o nature_n and_o every_o twig_n graft_n and_o bud_n have_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o tree_n in_o it_o perfect_o the_o property_n of_o the_o tree_n be_v in_o all_o and_o every_o part_n as_o the_o soul_n in_o the_o body_n which_o iâ—_n tota_fw-la in_o toto_fw-la &_o tota_fw-la in_o qualibet_fw-la parte_fw-la use_v the_o graft_n retain_v the_o nature_n and_o property_n be_v graft_v upon_o wild_a stock_n and_o bring_v forth_o â—uits_v according_o â—nd_o that_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o graft_v do_v memorate_v the_o fruit_n and_o not_o because_o the_o nourishment_n be_v better_a prepare_v in_o the_o stock_n then_o â—n_v the_o crude_a earth_n for_o the_o branch_n of_o a_o engraft_a tree_n do_v no_o more_o receive_v nourishment_n from_o the_o crude_a earth_n than_o the_o branch_n of_o a_o graft_a tree_n but_o the_o sap_n and_o nourishment_n pass_v up_o a_o body_n or_o stock_n to_o the_o branch_n in_o the_o one_o as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o other_o and_o as_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o peach_n and_o molocotone_n as_o the_o author_n say_v do_v bear_v good_a fruit_n come_v up_o of_o stone_n which_o be_v not_o always_o so_o neither_o only_o here_o and_o there_o one_o so_o it_o be_v true_a also_o that_o they_o bear_v as_o good_a fruit_n of_o the_o bud_n be_v inoculate_v 453._o it_o have_v be_v receive_v that_o a_o small_a pear_n graft_v upon_o a_o stock_n that_o bear_v a_o great_a pear_n will_v become_v great_a etc._n etc._n observation_n it_o be_v true_a as_o the_o author_n think_v that_o this_o will_v not_o succeed_v because_o the_o graft_n do_v govern_v they_o always_o bring_v forth_o fruit_n answerable_a to_o their_o own_o nature_n and_o kind_n else_o it_o be_v to_o little_a purpose_n to_o get_v graft_n from_o such_o or_o such_o a_o good_a tree_n to_o have_v more_o of_o the_o kind_n yet_o it_o be_v true_a also_o that_o the_o stock_n have_v some_o influence_n upon_o the_o graft_n so_o as_o to_o make_v the_o fruit_n better_o or_o worse_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o stock_n in_o some_o small_a degree_n as_o if_o we_o graft_v upon_o a_o stock_n that_o natural_o bear_v a_o sour_a harsh_a fruit_n the_o fruit_n of_o the_o graft_n will_v not_o be_v altogether_o so_o pleasant_a as_o if_o it_o be_v graft_v upon_o a_o stock_n that_o bear_v natural_o a_o sweet_a and_o pleasant_a fruit_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o pear_n graft_v upon_o quince-stock_n will_v be_v more_o delicate_a then_o upon_o pear-stock_n the_o quince-stock_n give_v a_o excellent_a taste_n to_o it_o but_o these_o tree_n upon_o quince_n will_v never_o attain_v to_o any_o great_a bigness_n for_o all_o quince-tree_n be_v but_o small_a in_o comparison_n of_o pear-tree_n and_o where_o the_o stock_n can_v be_v but_o small_a the_o graft_n can_v be_v great_a yet_o as_o i_o have_v see_v it_o somewhat_o big_a than_o the_o stock_n as_o for_o a_o pear_n upon_o a_o thorn_n which_o this_o author_n speak_v of_o it_o can_v be_v good_a it_o make_v it_o a_o harsh_a hard_a pear_n at_o the_o core_n if_o it_o thrive_v and_o bear_v but_o most_o common_o they_o die_v in_o two_o or_o three_o year_n we_o know_v its_o natural_a fruit_n hawes_n have_v stone_n in_o they_o but_o for_o the_o apple_n upon_o the_o crab_n that_o be_v natural_a the_o crab_n be_v a_o wild_a apple_n and_o very_o proper_a to_o graft_v all_o sort_n of_o apple_n upon_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o soundness_n of_o the_o stock_n its_o long_a last_a and_o aptness_n to_o take_v with_o graft_n and_o also_o to_o grow_v when_o set_v in_o the_o ground_n although_o it_o be_v true_a it_o make_v the_o fruit_n somewhat_o more_o tart_a than_o the_o same_o fruit_n upon_o sweet_a apple-stock_n it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o seed_n of_o some_o apple_n and_o pear_n bring_v forth_o very_o good_a fruit_n the_o cause_n of_o this_o i_o suppose_v be_v for_o that_o the_o stock_n whereon_o these_o fruit_n be_v graft_v or_o inoculate_v be_v good_a kind_n of_o themselves_o kind_n that_o come_v good_a of_o seed_n former_o and_o if_o so_o no_o marvel_n though_o the_o seed_n bring_v forth_o good_a fruit_n without_o graft_v or_o inoculate_v and_o upon_o the_o experience_n peach-stone_n have_v bring_v forth_o a_o paltry_a naughty_a fruit_n many_o of_o they_o though_o some_o good_a as_o concern_v the_o graft_a of_o a_o apple_n cion_n upon_o a_o sallow_a poplar_n alder_n elm_n or_o horse-plum_n it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o try_v for_o trial_n have_v be_v make_v upon_o stock_n near_o in_o kind_n than_o these_o and_o it_o will_v not_o come_v to_o perfection_n they_o will_v grow_v a_o year_n or_o two_o it_o may_v be_v and_o then_o decay_n and_o die_v 452._o flower_n remove_v wax_v great_a because_o the_o nourishment_n be_v more_o easy_o come_v by_o in_o the_o loose_a earth_n it_o may_v be_v that_o often_o regraft_v of_o the_o same_o cion_n may_v likewise_o make_v fruit_n great_a observation_n to_o remove_v flower_n small_a young_a root_n into_o good_a fresh_a earth_n will_v improve_v they_o in_o growth_n and_o bigness_n especial_o if_o withal_o some_o of_o the_o side-slips_a and_o also_o of_o the_o bud_n which_o the_o root_n shoot_v up_o for_o flower_n be_v cut_v off_o and_o some_o half_n a_o dozen_o or_o half_o a_o score_n of_o the_o bud_n or_o shoot_v be_v leave_v to_o grow_v upon_o the_o root_n the_o root_n then_o will_v be_v able_a to_o give_v plentiful_a nourishment_n to_o they_o whereby_o they_o will_v become_v much_o large_a then_o if_o all_o the_o spindle_n bud_n be_v suffer_v to_o grow_v but_o as_o for_o often_o regraft_v the_o same_o graft_n in_o order_n to_o make_v a_o large_a fruit_n this_o will_v not_o do_v it_o for_o we_o see_v it_o be_v constant_o do_v from_o year_n to_o year_n for_o what_o else_o be_v the_o cut_n of_o graft_n from_o young_a tree_n it_o may_v be_v of_o two_o or_o three_o or_o but_o of_o one_o year_n growth_n and_o graft_v they_o again_o upon_o stock_n and_o repeat_v this_o for_o many_o year_n together_o and_o yet_o we_o know_v the_o graft_n hold_v their_o own_o natural_a property_n from_o one_o year_n to_o another_o and_o though_o there_o be_v as_o have_v be_v say_v some_o small_a alteration_n according_a to_o the_o kind_n of_o the_o stock_n while_o it_o grow_v upon_o it_o yet_o that_o alteration_n be_v lose_v and_o fall_v off_o when_o the_o graft_n be_v engraft_v upon_o another_o stock_n and_o the_o graft_n retain_v its_o own_o natural_a property_n only_o with_o some_o small_a addition_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o stock_n on_o which_o it_o at_o present_a grow_v 455._o it_o make_v fig_n better_a if_o a_o figtree_n when_o it_o begin_v to_o put_v forth_o leave_v have_v his_o top_n cut_v off_o observation_n if_o the_o figtree_n be_v very_o old_a cut_v off_o the_o top_n may_v be_v profitable_a for_o that_o such_o cut_v as_o in_o all_o other_o tree_n make_v the_o sap_n shoot_v forth_o into_o branch_n more_o vigorous_o than_o otherwise_o it_o will_v by_o which_o lively_a rise_n of_o sap_n the_o whole_a tree_n and_o the_o fruit_n upon_o it_o fare_v the_o better_o but_o if_o the_o top_n of_o young_a tree_n be_v cut_v off_o figtree_n or_o other_o there_o will_v shoot_v forth_o in_o the_o room_n thereof_o such_o huge_a strong_a shoot_n that_o the_o main_a stream_n of_o sap_n will_v run_v that_o way_n which_o great_a shoot_n will_v be_v for_o a_o year_n or_o two_o it_o may_v be_v unfruitful_a 456._o it_o be_v report_v that_o mulberry_n will_v be_v fair_a and_o the_o tree_n more_o fruitful_a if_o you_o bear_v the_o trunk_n of_o the_o tree_n through_o in_o several_a place_n
kind_n of_o mulberry-tree_n with_o we_o in_o england_n the_o black_a and_o the_o white_a as_o for_o the_o white_a i_o never_o see_v any_o of_o its_o fruit_n they_o very_o seldom_o bear_v well_o with_o we_o but_o the_o black_a mulberry-tree_n never_o fail_v of_o fruit_n after_o it_o be_v grow_v up_o these_o tree_n be_v not_o increase_v by_o graft_v or_o inoculate_v but_o by_o cut_n from_o the_o branch_n or_o side_n of_o the_o tree_n cut_v a_o bow_n off_o as_o big_a as_o a_o man_n arm_n and_o after_o cut_v it_o in_o small_a truncheon_n or_o piece_n a_o yard_n long_o or_o less_o lay_v these_o small_a and_o great_a in_o the_o ground_n a_o foot_n deep_a only_o the_o one_o end_n out_o of_o the_o ground_n a_o hand_n breadth_n or_o two_o or_o there_o about_o in_o good_a fat_a ground_n somewhat_o moist_a and_o after_o a_o year_n or_o two_o didivers_a young_a spring_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o the_o root_n and_o plant_v at_o a_o fit_a distance_n and_o the_o old_a root_n will_v yearly_o send_v out_o more_o also_o the_o branch_n may_v be_v bow_v down_o and_o lay_v in_o the_o earth_n on_o one_o or_o several_a side_n which_o will_v take_v root_n and_o multiply_v abudant_o and_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v transplant_v meddler_n meddler_n may_v be_v graft_v and_o they_o take_v well_o upon_o a_o white_a thorn_n but_o i_o much_o rather_o approve_v the_o graft_a or_o inoculate_v of_o they_o upon_o pear-stock_n and_o the_o fruit_n will_v be_v much_o better_a and_o the_o tree_n much_o large_a than_o upon_o whitethorn_n walnut-tree_n be_v propagate_v from_o the_o nut_n walnut_n which_o may_v be_v set_v from_o the_o time_n of_o ripeness_n until_o the_o spring_n a_o inch_n deep_a or_o little_o more_o and_o afterward_o transplant_v and_o set_v at_o a_o very_a great_a distance_n 24._o or_o 30._o yard_n asunder_o for_o they_o be_v very_o large_a spread_a tree_n but_o if_o they_o be_v plant_v on_o the_o north_n or_o east-side_n for_o shelter_n than_o set_v they_o near_o be_v sure_a to_o choose_v of_o the_o best_a nut_n to_o set_v the_o fair_a nut_n and_o thin_a shell_n and_o good_a bearer_n thus_o much_o brief_o concern_v the_o best_a bear_v tree_n and_o how_o they_o be_v propagate_v as_o for_o those_o fruit-tree_n which_o bear_v but_o little_a or_o no_o fruit_n bearer_n by_o reason_n that_o graft_n and_o bud_n be_v not_o choose_v from_o good_a bear_v kind_n wherewith_o they_o be_v engraft_v i_o advise_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o graft_v or_o inoculate_v such_o again_o though_o great_a and_o old_a tree_n such_o who_o bough_n be_v as_o big_a as_o a_o man_n hand_n wrist_n or_o small_a may_v be_v cut_v off_o and_o graft_v in_o the_o cleave_v with_o a_o couple_n of_o good_a graft_n of_o good_a bear_v kind_n but_o such_o branch_n as_o be_v very_o great_a i_o shall_v rather_o cut_v off_o a_o convenient_a height_n from_o the_o ground_n slope-wise_a that_o no_o wet_a may_v rest_v on_o the_o top_n and_o then_o after_o a_o year_n or_o two_o to_o graft_v the_o small_a shoot_n or_o branch_n that_o be_v put_v forth_o or_o some_o of_o they_o this_o be_v a_o better_a course_n then_o to_o graft_v such_o great_a branch_n for_o that_o moisture_n will_v get_v into_o the_o top_n and_o rot_v the_o branch_n and_o perhaps_o the_o body_n too_o ere_o the_o graft_n can_v cover_v such_o great_a head_n tree_n as_o concern_v arbour_n seat_n etc._n etc._n in_o orchard_n and_o garden_n i_o advise_v man_n to_o make_v they_o of_o fruit-tree_n rather_o than_o of_o privet_fw-la or_o other_o ramble_a stuff_n which_o yield_v no_o profit_n but_o only_o for_o shade_n if_o you_o make_v they_o of_o cherrytree_n plum-tree_n or_o the_o like_a there_o will_v be_v the_o same_o advantage_n for_o shade_n and_o all_o the_o fruit_n superad_v all_o that_o can_v be_v object_v be_v that_o fruit-tree_n be_v long_o in_o grow_v up_o then_o privet_fw-la virgin-bower_n or_o the_o like_a whereof_o arbour_n be_v common_o make_v it_o be_v answer_v though_o fruit_n tree_n be_v something_o long_o in_o cover_v a_o arbour_n than_o some_o other_o thing_n yet_o they_o make_v sufficient_a amends_o in_o their_o last_a and_o bear_v fruit_n and_o beside_o such_o cherrytree_n and_o other_o kind_n may_v be_v set_v about_o the_o arbour_n as_o will_v reach_v and_o cover_v even_o the_o first_o year_n i_o shall_v now_o give_v some_o rule_n concern_v transplant_n young_a plant_n tree_n after_o a_o year_n growth_n or_o more_o whether_o inoculate_v or_o graft_v the_o time_n for_o this_o work_n in_o general_n be_v in_o autumn_n when_o tree_n have_v do_v grow_v and_o that_o be_v divers_a week_n before_o the_o leave_v fall_v stay_v not_o as_o the_o custom_n be_v till_o november_n or_o after_o before_o you_o transplant_v for_o the_o best_a time_n be_v about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o september_n to_o begin_v and_o so_o on_o all_o the_o winter_n it_o be_v a_o great_a advantage_n to_o remove_v plant_n betimes_o best_o for_o such_o grow_v a_o while_n after_o in_o their_o root_n before_o winter_n and_o thereby_o not_o only_o preserve_v themselves_o in_o winter_n but_o also_o make_v some_o preparation_n against_o the_o spring_n which_o those_o remove_v in_o winter_n can_v do_v stay_v not_o therefore_o till_o the_o leave_n fall_v ere_o you_o remove_v although_o they_o may_v be_v remove_v then_o with_o good_a success_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o good_a at_o that_o time_n as_o before_o the_o ancient_a proverb_n be_v if_o a_o grow_a tree_n will_v have_v let_v he_o carry_v his_o green_a leave_n to_o his_o grave_n yet_o notwithstanding_o winter_n those_o that_o have_v many_o to_o transplant_v and_o can_v finish_v or_o have_v no_o leisure_n in_o this_o season_n which_o be_v best_a they_o may_v go_v on_o and_o be_v do_v even_o all_o winter_n until_o the_o very_a spring_n unless_o frost_n shut_v up_o the_o ground_n and_o notwithstanding_o frost_n or_o snow_n all_o the_o while_n if_o we_o can_v get_v into_o the_o ground_n and_o find_v the_o mould_n mellow_a so_o as_o that_o it_o will_v fall_v well_o between_o and_o about_o the_o root_n it_o be_v then_o good_a remove_v tree_n although_o the_o best_a time_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v the_o time_n of_o remove_v be_v come_v and_o the_o place_n prepare_v for_o set_v they_o again_o then_o be_v careful_a in_o take_v up_o the_o plant_n dig_v round_o about_o they_o and_o take_v off_o the_o mould_n from_o their_o root_n if_o it_o be_v a_o small_a plant_n it_o may_v be_v draw_v up_o easy_o the_o mould_n be_v take_v away_o if_o it_o be_v great_a and_o the_o root_n spread_v much_o than_o they_o may_v be_v cut_v about_o half_a a_o yard_n from_o the_o body_n of_o the_o plant_n and_o the_o great_a it_o be_v the_o further_o off_o cut_v the_o root_n and_o so_o draw_v it_o up_o and_o break_v off_o all_o the_o leave_v the_o first_o thing_n you_o do_v if_o they_o be_v not_o then_o fall_v off_o for_o the_o sun_n and_o aire_n by_o mean_n of_o they_o extract_v the_o sap_n of_o the_o branch_n best_a and_o here_o observe_v that_o the_o great_a plant_n be_v not_o always_o best_o to_o transplant_v out_o of_o nursery_n into_o orchard_n though_o most_o man_n be_v for_o the_o great_a when_o they_o may_v choose_v and_o they_o think_v the_o big_a they_o be_v the_o soon_o they_o will_v make_v a_o orchard_n but_o herein_o they_o be_v much_o mistake_v for_o in_o remove_v great_a tree_n there_o be_v great_a hazard_n and_o many_o of_o they_o fail_v and_o die_v and_o other_o grow_v very_o poor_o put_v out_o only_o leave_v the_o first_o year_n or_o little_o more_o though_o some_o few_o in_o special_a good_a soil_n may_v do_v well_o i_o account_v young_a graft_v tree_n fit_a to_o remove_v tree_n when_o they_o be_v about_o two_o inch_n in_o compass_n in_o the_o body_n and_o about_o a_o yard_n and_o half_a or_o two_o yard_n high_a those_o about_o this_o bigness_n i_o judge_v to_o be_v better_a than_o such_o as_o be_v five_o or_o six_o inch_n or_o more_o in_o compass_n with_o a_o proportionable_a height_n because_o these_o can_v possible_o be_v transplant_v but_o their_o root_n must_v be_v cut_v very_o much_o in_o the_o take_n up_o and_o then_o how_o can_v those_o root_n so_o much_o cut_n be_v able_a to_o nourish_v so_o great_a a_o body_n with_o so_o many_o branch_n whereas_o young_a tree_n of_o a_o small_a size_n as_o before_o be_v mention_v these_o may_v be_v remove_v even_o with_o all_o their_o root_n which_o be_v young_a and_o small_a and_o may_v be_v spread_v in_o the_o earth_n every_o way_n when_o set_v again_o save_v only_o the_o end_n of_o the_o root_n must_v be_v a_o little_a cut_n and_o these_o young_a and_o tender_a root_n will_v soon_o shoot_v forth_o in_o the_o earth_n than_o the_o great_a sort_n especial_o also_o because_o