Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	body_n	great_a	part_n	3,256	5	4.2928	3	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A26187	The whole art of the stage containing not only the rules of the drammatick art, but many curious observations about it, which may be of great use to the authors, actors, and spectators of plays : together with much critical learning about the stage and plays of the antients / written in French by the command of Cardinal Richelieu by Monsieur Hedelin, Abbot of Aubignac, and now made English.; Pratique du théâtre. English. 1684.	Aubignac, François-Hédelin, abbé d', 1604-1676.	1684 (1684)	Wing A4185; ESTC R16044	179,268	322

some_o difference_n according_a to_o which_o they_o take_v more_o or_o less_o subject_n full_a of_o plot_n and_o intrigue_n be_v extreme_a agreeable_a at_o first_o but_o be_v once_o know_v they_o do_v not_o the_o second_o time_n please_v we_o so_o well_o because_o they_o want_v the_o grace_n of_o novelty_n which_o make_v they_o charm_v we_o at_o first_o all_o our_o delight_n consist_v in_o be_v surprise_v which_o we_o can_v be_v twice_o the_o subject_n full_a of_o passion_n last_v long_o and_o affect_v we_o more_o because_o the_o soul_n which_o receive_v the_o impression_n of_o they_o do_v not_o keep_v they_o so_o long_o nor_o so_o strong_o as_o our_o memory_n do_v the_o event_n of_o thing_n nay_o often_o it_o happen_v that_o they_o please_v we_o more_o at_o second_o see_v because_o that_o the_o first_o time_n we_o be_v employ_v about_o the_o event_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o play_n and_o by_o consequent_a do_v less_o enter_v into_o the_o sentiment_n of_o the_o actor_n but_o have_v once_o no_o need_n of_o apply_v our_o thought_n to_o the_o story_n we_o busy_a they_o about_o the_o thing_n that_o be_v say_v and_o so_o receive_v more_o impression_n of_o grief_n of_o fear_n but_o it_o be_v out_o of_o doubt_n that_o the_o mix_v or_o compound_n be_v the_o most_o excellent_a sort_n for_o in_o they_o the_o incident_n grow_v more_o please_v by_o the_o passion_n which_o do_v as_o it_o be_v uphold_v they_o and_o the_o passion_n seem_v to_o be_v renew_v and_o spring_v afresh_o by_o the_o variety_n of_o the_o unthought_a of_o incident_n so_o that_o they_o be_v both_o last_a and_o require_v a_o great_a time_n to_o make_v they_o lose_v their_o grace_n we_o be_v not_o to_o forget_v here_o and_o i_o think_v it_o one_o of_o the_o best_a observation_n that_o i_o have_v make_v upon_o this_o subject_a that_o if_o the_o subject_n be_v not_o conformable_a to_o the_o custom_n and_o manner_n as_o well_o as_o opinion_n of_o the_o spectator_n it_o will_v never_o take_v what_o pain_n soever_o the_o poet_n himself_o take_v and_o whatsoever_o ornament_n he_o employ_v to_o set_v his_o play_n off_o for_o all_o dramatic_a poem_n must_v be_v different_a according_a to_o the_o people_n before_o who_o they_o be_v represent_v and_o from_o thence_o often_o proceed_v that_o the_o success_n be_v different_a though_o the_o play_n be_v still_o the_o same_o thus_o the_o athenian_n delight_v to_o see_v upon_o their_o theatre_n the_o cruelty_n of_o king_n and_o the_o misfortune_n befalling_a they_o the_o calamity_n of_o illustrious_a and_o noble_a family_n and_o the_o rebellion_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n for_o a_o ill_a action_n of_o the_o prince_n because_o the_o state_n in_o which_o they_o live_v be_v popular_a they_o love_v to_o be_v persuade_v that_o monarchy_n be_v always_o tyrannical_a hope_v thereby_o to_o discourage_v the_o noble_a man_n of_o their_o own_o commonwealth_n from_o the_o attempt_n of_o seize_v the_o sovereignty_n out_o of_o fear_n of_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o the_o fury_n of_o a_o commonalty_n who_o will_v think_v it_o just_a to_o murder_v they_o whereas_o quite_o contrary_a among_o we_o the_o respect_n and_o love_n which_o we_o have_v for_o our_o prince_n can_v endure_v that_o we_o shall_v entertain_v the_o public_a with_o such_o spectacle_n of_o horror_n we_o be_v not_o willing_a to_o believe_v that_o king_n be_v wicked_a nor_o that_o their_o subject_n though_o with_o some_o appearance_n of_o ill_a usage_n aught_o to_o rebel_n against_o their_o power_n or_o touch_v their_o person_n no_o not_o in_o effigy_n and_o i_o do_v not_o believe_v that_o upon_o our_o stage_n a_o poet_n can_v cause_v a_o tyrant_n to_o be_v murder_v with_o any_o applause_n except_o he_o have_v very_o cautious_o lay_v the_o thing_n as_o for_o example_n that_o the_o tyrant_n be_v a_o usurper_n and_o the_o right_a heir_n shall_v appear_v and_o be_v own_a by_o the_o people_n who_o shall_v take_v that_o occasion_n to_o revenge_v the_o injury_n they_o have_v suffer_v from_o the_o tyrant_n but_o usurpation_n alone_o against_o the_o will_n of_o the_o people_n will_v not_o justify_v without_o horror_n the_o death_n of_o the_o sovereign_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o rebellious_a subject_n we_o have_v see_v the_o trial_n of_o it_o in_o a_o play_n call_v timoleon_n who_o no_o consideration_n of_o state_n or_o common_a good_a no_o love_n nor_o generosity_n towards_o his_o country_n can_v hinder_v from_o be_v consider_v as_o the_o murderer_n of_o his_o brother_n and_o his_o prince_n and_o for_o my_o part_n i_o esteem_v that_o author_n who_o avoid_v to_o have_v tarquin_n kill_v upon_o the_o stage_n after_o the_o violence_n he_o have_v offer_v to_o lucretia_n the_o cruelty_n of_o alboin_n inspire_v horror_n into_o the_o whole_a french_a court_n though_o otherwise_o it_o be_v a_o tagedy_n full_a of_o noble_a incident_n and_o lofty_a language_n we_o have_v have_v upon_o our_o stage_n the_o esther_n of_o mr._n du_n ryer_n adorn_v with_o great_a event_n fortify_v with_o strong_a passion_n and_o compose_v in_o the_o whole_a with_o great_a art_n but_o the_o success_n be_v much_o unlucky_a at_o paris_n than_o at_o roüen_n and_o when_o the_o player_n at_o their_o teturn_n to_o paris_n tell_v we_o the_o good_a fortune_n they_o have_v have_v at_o roüen_n every_o body_n wonder_v at_o it_o without_o be_v able_a to_o guess_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o but_o for_o my_o part_n i_o think_v that_o roüen_n be_v a_o town_n of_o great_a trade_n be_v full_a of_o a_o great_a number_n of_o jew_n some_o know_v and_o some_o conceal_v and_o that_o by_o that_o reason_n they_o make_v up_o a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o audience_n take_v more_o delight_n in_o a_o piece_n which_o seem_v entire_o jewish_n by_o the_o conformity_n it_o have_v to_o their_o manner_n and_o custom_n we_o may_v say_v the_o same_o thing_n of_o comedy_n for_o the_o greek_n and_o roman_n with_o who_o the_o debauch_n of_o young_a people_n with_o courtesan_n be_v but_o a_o laugh_a matter_n take_v pleasure_n to_o see_v their_o intrigue_n represent_v and_o to_o hear_v the_o discourse_n of_o those_o public_a woman_n with_o the_o trick_n of_o those_o minister_n of_o their_o pleasure_n countenance_v by_o the_o law_n they_o be_v also_o delight_v to_o see_v old_a covetous_a man_n overreach_v and_o cheat_v of_o their_o money_n by_o the_o circumvention_n of_o their_o slave_n in_o favonr_n of_o their_o young_a master_n they_o be_v sensible_a to_o all_o these_o thing_n because_o they_o be_v subject_a to_o they_o one_o time_n or_o another_o but_o among_o we_o all_o this_o will_v be_v ill_o receive_v for_o as_o christian_a modesty_n do_v not_o permit_v person_n of_o quality_n to_o approve_v of_o those_o example_n of_o vice_n so_o neither_o do_v the_o rule_n by_o which_o we_o govern_v our_o family_n allow_v of_o those_o slight_n of_o our_o servant_n nor_o do_v we_o need_v to_o defend_v ourselves_o against_o they_o it_o be_v for_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o we_o see_v in_o the_o french_a court_n tragedy_n take_v a_o great_a deal_n better_o than_o comedy_n and_o that_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o people_n be_v more_o affect_v with_o the_o latter_a and_o particular_o with_o the_o farce_n and_o buffoonery_n of_o the_o stage_n for_o in_o this_o kingdom_n the_o person_n of_o good_a quality_n and_o education_n have_v generous_a thought_n and_o design_n to_o which_o they_o be_v carry_v either_o by_o the_o motive_n of_o virtue_n or_o ambition_n so_o that_o their_o life_n have_v a_o great_a conformity_n with_o the_o character_n of_o tragedy_n but_o the_o people_n mean_o bear_v and_o dirty_o breed_v have_v low_a sentiment_n and_o be_v thereby_o dispose_v to_o approve_v of_o the_o meaness_n and_o filthiness_n represent_v in_o farces_n as_o be_v the_o image_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o they_o both_o use_v to_o say_v and_o do_v and_o this_o aught_o to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o not_o only_o in_o the_o principal_a part_n of_o the_o poem_n but_o in_o all_o its_o part_n and_o particular_o in_o the_o passion_n as_o we_o shall_v say_v more_o ample_o in_o a_o chapter_n about_o they_o for_o if_o there_o be_v any_o act_n or_o scene_n that_o have_v not_o that_o conformity_n of_o manner_n to_o the_o spectator_n you_o will_v sudden_o see_v the_o applause_n cease_v and_o in_o its_o place_n a_o discontent_n succeed_v though_o they_o themselves_o do_v not_o know_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o for_o the_o stage_n and_o eloquence_n be_v alike_o in_o this_o that_o their_o perfection_n and_o fault_n be_v equal_o perceive_v by_o the_o ignorant_a and_o by_o the_o learned_a though_o the_o cause_n be_v not_o equal_o know_v to_o they_o chap._n ii_o of_o probability_n and_o decency_n here_o be_v the_o bottom_n and_o ground_n work_v of_o all_o dramatic_a poem_n sense_n many_o talk_n of_o it_o but_o few_o understand_v it_o

answer_v it_o be_v every_o one_o natural_a judgement_n and_o it_o may_v happen_v that_o a_o drama_n may_v be_v so_o lucky_o contrive_v that_o the_o preparation_n of_o the_o incident_n and_o the_o variety_n of_o the_o passion_n shall_v correct_v the_o defect_n of_o the_o abundance_n of_o they_o and_o that_o the_o art_n of_o the_o machine_n shall_v be_v so_o well_o understand_v that_o they_o may_v easy_o be_v make_v use_n of_o in_o every_o act_n as_o i_o former_o propound_v to_o cardinal_n richelieu_n but_o hitherto_o they_o be_v little_a in_o use_n in_o our_o ordinary_a theatre_n it_o be_v beside_o most_o common_o ask_v here_o how_o far_o the_o poet_n may_v venture_v in_o the_o alteration_n of_o a_o true_a story_n 15._o in_o order_n to_o the_o fit_v of_o it_o for_o the_o stage_n upon_o which_o we_o find_v different_a opinion_n among_o both_o the_o ancient_n and_o modern_a critic_n 2._o but_o my_o opinion_n be_v that_o he_o may_v do_v it_o not_o only_o in_o the_o circumstance_n but_o in_o the_o principal_a action_n itself_o provide_v he_o make_v a_o very_a good_a play_n of_o it_o for_o as_o the_o dramatic_a poet_n do_v not_o much_o mind_n the_o time_n because_o he_o be_v no_o chronologist_n no_o more_o do_v he_o nor_o the_o epic_a poet_n much_o mind_n the_o true_a story_n because_o they_o be_v no_o historian_n they_o take_v out_o of_o story_n so_o much_o as_o serve_v their_o turn_n and_o change_v the_o rest_n not_o expect_v that_o any_o body_n shall_v be_v so_o ridiculous_a as_o to_o come_v to_o the_o theatre_n to_o be_v instruct_v in_o the_o truth_n of_o history_n the_o stage_n therefore_o do_v not_o present_a thing_n as_o they_o have_v be_v but_o as_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v for_o the_o poet_n must_v in_o the_o subject_a he_o take_v reform_v every_o thing_n that_o be_v not_o accommodate_v to_o the_o rule_n of_o his_o art_n as_o a_o painter_n do_v when_o he_o work_v up_o on_o a_o imperfect_a model_n it_o be_v for_o this_o reason_n that_o the_o death_n of_o camilla_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o her_o brother_n horatius_n be_v never_o like_v of_o upon_o the_o stage_n though_o it_o be_v a_o true_a adventure_n and_o i_o for_o my_o part_n give_v my_o opinion_n that_o to_o save_v in_o some_o measure_n the_o truth_n of_o the_o story_n and_o yet_o not_o to_o offend_v against_o the_o decency_n of_o the_o stage_n it_o will_v have_v be_v better_a that_o that_o unfortunate_a maid_n see_v her_o brother_n come_v towards_o she_o with_o his_o sword_n draw_v have_v run_v upon_o it_o of_o herself_o for_o by_o that_o mean_n she_o will_v still_o have_v die_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o horatius_n and_o yet_o he_o may_v have_v deserve_v some_o compassion_n as_o unfortunate_a but_o innocent_a and_o so_o the_o story_n and_o the_o stage_n will_v have_v be_v agree_v in_o a_o word_n the_o historian_n ought_v to_o recite_v matter_n of_o fact_n and_o if_o he_o judge_n of_o it_o he_o do_v more_o than_o he_o ought_v to_o do_v the_o epic_a poet_n be_v to_o magnify_v all_o event_n by_o great_a fiction_n where_o truth_n be_v as_o it_o be_v sink_v and_o lose_v and_o the_o dramatic_a poet_n ought_v to_o show_v all_o thing_n in_o a_o state_n of_o decency_n probability_n and_o pleasingness_n it_o be_v true_a that_o if_o story_n be_v capable_a of_o all_o the_o ornament_n of_o dramatic_a poetry_n the_o poet_n ought_v to_o preserve_v all_o the_o true_a event_n but_o if_o not_o he_o be_v well_o ground_v to_o make_v any_o part_n of_o it_o yield_v to_o the_o rule_n of_o his_o art_n and_o to_o the_o design_n he_o have_v to_o please_v many_o against_o this_o do_v allege_v the_o authority_n of_o horace_n 5._o who_o say_v that_o he_o ought_v in_o story_n to_o follow_v the_o common_a receive_a opinion_n or_o at_o least_o to_o invent_v thing_n that_o may_v be_v as_o conformable_a to_o it_o as_o possible_a but_o i_o answer_v that_o horace_n in_o that_o place_n do_v not_o treat_v of_o the_o subject_a of_o the_o play_n but_o of_o the_o custom_n and_o moral_n that_o ought_v to_o be_v give_v the_o actor_n who_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v represent_v different_a from_o what_o they_o be_v believe_v as_o it_o will_v be_v to_o make_v caesar_n a_o coward_n or_o messalina_n chaste_a and_o this_o vossius_fw-la have_v well_o observe_v in_o his_o poetic_a art_n and_o i_o wonder_v that_o people_n shall_v be_v abuse_v by_o citation_n apply_v quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o author_n and_o yet_o i_o be_o not_o of_o opinion_n that_o a_o know_a story_n yet_o fresh_a in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o people_n can_v suffer_v to_o be_v considerable_o change_v without_o great_a caution_n but_o in_o such_o a_o case_n i_o shall_v advise_v the_o poet_n rather_o to_o abandon_v such_o a_o subject_n than_o to_o make_v a_o ill_a play_n of_o it_o out_o of_o a_o humour_n of_o follow_a truth_n or_o at_o least_o to_o manage_v it_o so_o as_o to_o check_v direct_o the_o receive_a opinion_n among_o the_o vulgar_a if_o we_o examine_v well_o the_o sense_n of_o aristotle_n i_o believe_v he_o will_v be_v find_v to_o be_v of_o this_o opinion_n and_o as_o for_o the_o ancient_a poet_n they_o have_v always_o take_v that_o liberty_n the_o same_o story_n have_v hardly_o ever_o be_v treat_v the_o same_o way_n by_o different_a poet_n as_o for_o example_n the_o adventure_n of_o polydorus_n be_v very_o different_a in_o euripides_n and_o virgil._n sophocles_n kill_v emon_n and_o antigone_n but_o euripides_n who_o have_v make_v the_o same_o story_n in_o two_o play_n marry_v they_o together_o in_o one_o contrary_a to_o what_o he_o himself_o have_v do_v before_o in_o the_o other_o call_v the_o phaenician_a lady_n the_o same_o sophocles_n in_o oedipus_n make_v jocasta_n strangle_v herself_o and_o euripides_n make_v she_o live_v till_o the_o combat_n of_o her_o son_n eteocles_n and_o polynices_n and_o then_o kill_v herself_o upon_o their_o dead_a body_n orestes_n and_o electra_n be_v very_o different_a in_o many_o circumstance_n though_o both_o work_n of_o the_o same_o poet._n in_o a_o word_n the_o four_o tragic_a poet_n of_o the_o greek_n who_o work_n we_o have_v be_v all_o different_a in_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o same_o story_n and_o i_o believe_v that_o they_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o that_o grand_a disorder_n and_o confusion_n there_o be_v in_o story_n and_o chronology_n in_o those_o old_a time_n because_o that_o they_o have_v change_v both_o the_o time_n and_o event_n for_o their_o own_o end_n they_o have_v influence_v some_o historian_n who_o think_v to_o pick_v out_o of_o they_o the_o truth_n of_o story_n and_o so_o make_v all_o thing_n uncertain_a any_o body_n that_o will_v read_v the_o electra_n of_o euripides_n that_o of_o sophocles_n and_o the_o caephore_n of_o aeschilus_n will_v easy_o see_v that_o they_o make_v no_o difficulty_n of_o contradict_v one_o another_o and_o themselves_o as_o for_o the_o different_a kind_n of_o subject_n let_v alone_o those_o ordinary_a division_n of_o aristotle_n and_o his_o commentator_n i_o here_o propose_v three_o sort_n of_o subject_n the_o first_o consist_v of_o incident_n intrigue_n and_o new_a event_n when_o almost_o from_o act_n to_o act_n there_o be_v some_o sudden_a change_n upon_o the_o stage_n which_o alter_v all_o the_o face_n of_o affair_n when_o almost_o all_o the_o actor_n have_v different_a design_n and_o the_o mean_n they_o take_v to_o make_v they_o succeed_v come_v to_o cross_v one_o another_o and_o produce_v new_a and_o unforeseen_a accident_n all_o which_o give_v a_o marvellous_a satisfaction_n to_o the_o spectator_n it_o be_v a_o continual_a diversion_n accompany_v with_o a_o agreeable_a expectation_n of_o what_o the_o event_n will_v be_v the_o second_o sort_n of_o subject_n be_v of_o those_o raise_v out_o of_o passion_n when_o out_o of_o a_o small_a fund_z the_o poet_n do_v ingenious_o draw_v great_a sentiment_n and_o noble_a passion_n to_o entertain_v the_o auditory_a and_o when_o out_o of_o incident_n that_o seem_v natural_a to_o his_o subject_n he_o take_v occasion_n to_o transport_v his_o actor_n into_o extraordinary_a and_o violent_a sentiment_n by_o which_o the_o spectator_n be_v ravish_v and_o their_o soul_n continual_o move_v with_o some_o new_a impression_n the_o last_o sort_n of_o subject_n be_v the_o mix_v or_o compound_v of_o incident_n and_o passion_n when_o by_o unexpected_a event_n but_o noble_a one_o the_o actor_n break_v out_o into_o different_a passion_n and_o that_o infinite_o delight_v the_o auditory_a to_o see_v at_o the_o same_o time_n surprise_v accident_n and_o noble_a and_o move_a sentiment_n to_o which_o they_o can_v but_o yield_v with_o pleasure_n now_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o in_o all_o these_o three_o sort_n of_o subject_n the_o poet_n may_v succeed_v provide_v the_o disposition_n of_o his_o play_n be_v ingenious_a but_o yet_o i_o have_v observe_v

this_o depend_v upon_o the_o poet_n invention_n who_o according_a to_o his_o subject_n choose_v the_o place_n the_o most_o convenient_a for_o all_o that_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o represent_v and_o adorn_v it_o with_o some_o agreeable_a appearance_n one_o may_v judge_v from_o all_o this_o how_o ridiculous_a be_v the_o wall_n in_o the_o thisbe_n of_o poet_n theophile_n it_o be_v place_v upon_o the_o stage_n and_o pyramus_n and_o she_o whisper_v through_o it_o and_o when_o they_o go_v out_o the_o wall_z sink_v that_o the_o other_o actor_n may_v see_v one_o another_o for_o beside_o that_o the_o two_o place_n on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o wall_n represent_v the_o two_o chamber_n of_o pyramus_n and_o thisbe_n and_o that_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o all_o appearance_n of_o reason_n that_o in_o the_o same_o place_n the_o king_n shall_v come_v and_o talk_v with_o his_o confident_n and_o much_o less_o that_o a_o lion_n shall_v come_v and_o fright_v thisbe_n there_o i_o will_v fain_o know_v by_o what_o suppose_a mean_n in_o the_o action_n itself_o this_o wall_n can_v become_v visible_a and_o invisible_a and_o by_o what_o enchantment_n it_o be_v sometime_o in_o be_v and_o then_o cease_v quite_o to_o be_v again_o the_o fault_n be_v not_o less_o in_o those_o who_o suppose_v thing_n do_v upon_o the_o stage_n which_o have_v not_o be_v see_v by_o the_o spectator_n it_o not_o be_v probable_a they_o can_v have_v be_v do_v without_o be_v see_v or_o else_o thing_n must_v be_v suppose_v to_o have_v be_v invisible_a in_o the_o reality_n of_o the_o action_n upon_o which_o i_o think_v one_o of_o our_o modern_a poet_n fall_v into_o a_o great_a error_n of_o this_o kind_n have_v place_v a_o bastion_n upon_o the_o stage_n and_o have_v afterward_o cause_v the_o town_n to_o be_v take_v by_o that_o bastion_n which_o be_v never_o see_v to_o be_v either_o attack_v or_o defend_v as_o for_o the_o extent_n which_o the_o poet_n may_v allow_v to_o the_o scene_n he_o choose_v when_o it_o be_v not_o in_o a_o house_n but_o open_a i_o believe_v it_o may_v be_v as_o far_o as_o a_o man_n can_v see_v another_o walk_n and_o yet_o not_o know_v perfect_o that_o it_o be_v he_o for_o to_o take_v a_o large_a space_n will_v be_v ridiculous_a it_o be_v improbable_a that_o two_o people_n be_v each_o of_o they_o at_o one_o end_n of_o the_o stage_n without_o any_o object_n between_o shall_v look_v at_o one_o another_o and_o yet_o not_o see_v one_o another_o whereas_o this_o distance_n which_o we_o allow_v often_o contribute_v to_o the_o work_n of_o the_o play_n by_o the_o mistake_v and_o doubt_n which_o a_o man_n may_v make_v by_o see_v another_o at_o a_o distance_n to_o which_o the_o theatre_n of_o the_o ancient_n do_v very_o well_o agree_v for_o be_v as_o they_o be_v threescore_o yard_n in_o front_n among_o the_o roman_n and_o little_o less_o among_o the_o grecian_n it_o be_v pretty_a near_o the_o proportion_n we_o allow_v they_o i_o desire_v the_o reader_n beside_o to_o consider_v that_o if_o the_o poet_n do_v represent_v by_o his_o stage_n all_o the_o place_n and_o room_n of_o a_o palace_n or_o all_o the_o street_n of_o a_o town_n he_o shall_v make_v the_o spectator_n see_v not_o only_o all_o that_o happen_v in_o his_o story_n but_o all_o that_o be_v do_v beside_o in_o that_o palace_n or_o in_o the_o town_n for_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n to_o hinder_v the_o spectator_n from_o see_v all_o that_o nor_o why_o they_o shall_v see_v one_o thing_n soon_o than_o another_o particular_o consider_v that_o since_o they_o can_v see_v at_o the_o same_o time_n into_o the_o garden_n of_o the_o palace_n and_o into_o the_o king_n cabinet_n according_a to_o the_o subject_a of_o the_o play_n they_o must_v likewise_o hear_v and_o see_v all_o that_o be_v do_v there_o beside_o the_o theatral_n action_n except_o there_o be_v a_o enchantment_n to_o show_v only_o that_o which_o the_o poet_n have_v a_o mind_n to_o and_o to_o hide_v all_o that_o be_v not_o of_o his_o subject_n beside_o the_o stage_n will_v never_o be_v empty_a of_o any_o of_o the_o actor_n except_o they_o go_v out_o of_o the_o palace_n or_o town_n for_o since_o the_o place_n represent_v the_o palace_n with_o its_o garden_n court_n and_o other_o apartment_n one_o can_v forbear_v see_v any_o one_o who_o shall_v go_v from_o any_o of_o those_o apartment_n into_o the_o court_n or_o garden_n and_o by_o consequent_a as_o long_o as_o any_o of_o the_o actor_n be_v in_o the_o extent_n represent_v by_o the_o stage_n they_o can_v avoid_v be_v see_v to_o which_o it_o can_v be_v answer_v that_o to_o mark_v the_o different_a apartment_n there_o may_v be_v curtain_n to_o shut_v and_o draw_v for_o these_o curtain_n be_v fit_a for_o nothing_o but_o to_o toss_v their_o inventor_n in_o they_o like_o dog_n in_o a_o blanket_n i_o have_v speak_v so_o clear_o of_o this_o in_o my_o terence_n justify_v that_o i_o have_v nothing_o more_o to_o say_v against_o this_o gross_a piece_n of_o ignorance_n if_o it_o be_v say_v beside_o that_o the_o poet_n have_v the_o liberty_n of_o show_v and_o hide_v what_o he_o please_v i_o grant_v it_o provide_v there_o be_v a_o probability_n that_o one_o thing_n be_v see_v and_o another_o not_o but_o there_o will_v need_v a_o singular_a invention_n to_o contrive_v that_o ever_o and_o anon_o the_o same_o person_n act_v and_o speak_v in_o a_o palace_n shall_v be_v see_v and_o not_o be_v see_v for_o that_o will_v be_v make_v of_o the_o wall_n to_o sink_v and_o rise_v go_v backward_o and_o forward_o every_o moment_n this_o may_v be_v enough_o to_o show_v the_o error_n of_o those_o who_o upon_o the_o same_o scene_n represent_v spain_n and_o france_n make_v their_o stage_n not_o only_o almost_o as_o big_a as_o the_o earth_n but_o likewise_o cause_v the_o same_o floor_n to_o represent_v at_o the_o same_o time_n thing_n so_o far_o distant_a from_o one_o another_o and_o that_o without_o any_o apparent_a cause_n of_o so_o prodigious_a a_o change_n we_o may_v likewise_o observe_v how_o they_o be_v mistake_v that_o suppose_v in_o one_o side_n of_o the_o stage_n one_o part_n of_o the_o town_n as_o for_o example_n the_o lovure_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n another_o part_n as_o the_o place_n royal_a think_v by_o this_o fine_a invention_n to_o preserve_v the_o unity_n of_o place_n indeed_o if_o two_o part_n or_o quarter_n of_o a_o town_n thus_o suppose_v be_v not_o far_o from_o one_o another_o and_o the_o space_n between_o be_v real_o empty_a of_o house_n such_o a_o thing_n be_v not_o improper_a but_o if_o between_o the_o two_o place_n there_o be_v many_o house_n and_o solid_a body_n i_o will_v then_o ask_v how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o those_o house_n do_v not_o fill_v up_o the_o empty_a place_n of_o the_o stage_n and_o how_o if_o they_o do_v a_o actor_n can_v see_v another_o place_n at_o the_o other_o end_n of_o the_o stage_n beyond_o all_o these_o house_n trucul_n and_o in_o a_o word_n how_o this_o stage_n which_o be_v but_o a_o image_n represent_v a_o thing_n of_o which_o it_o have_v no_o resemblance_n let_v it_o then_o be_v settle_v for_o a_o constant_a maxim_n that_o the_o proscenium_n or_o floor_n of_o the_o stage_n can_v represent_v nothing_o but_o some_o open_a place_n of_o a_o ordinary_a extent_n where_o those_o that_o be_v represent_v by_o the_o actor_n may_v natural_o be_v in_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o action_n petit._n and_o when_o we_o see_v it_o write_v the_o scene_n be_v at_o aulis_n eleusis_n or_o argos_n etc._n it_o be_v not_o that_o the_o place_n where_o the_o actor_n appear_v be_v all_o that_o town_n or_o province_n but_o only_o that_o all_o the_o intrigue_n of_o the_o play_n as_o well_o what_o pass_v out_o of_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o spectator_n as_o what_o they_o see_v be_v treat_v in_o that_o town_n of_o which_o the_o stage_n take_v up_o but_o the_o least_o part_n thus_o in_o the_o prologue_n of_o the_o last_o comedy_n of_o plautus_n the_o poet_n explain_v the_o place_n of_o the_o scene_n say_z meretrix_n that_o he_o beg_v of_o the_o roman_n a_o little_a space_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o their_o noble_a building_n to_o transport_v thither_o the_o town_n of_o athens_n without_o the_o help_n of_o architect_n upon_o which_o samuel_n petit_n observe_v that_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o imagine_v that_o plautus_n pretend_v to_o place_v all_o the_o city_n of_o athens_n in_o that_o of_o rome_n but_o only_o a_o small_a part_n of_o it_o where_o the_o thing_n represent_v in_o the_o play_n do_v come_v to_o pass_v to_o wit_n the_o quarter_n of_o the_o plotaean_n and_o of_o all_o that_o quarter_n only_o the_o place_n where_o phronesion_n live_v truc_fw-la and_o he_o confirm_v this_o by_o the_o mend_n of_o two_o greek_a

probability_n that_o any_o other_o person_n shall_v have_v be_v assemble_v there_o at_o that_o time_n nay_o if_o the_o principal_a actor_n themselves_o be_v enough_o in_o number_n they_o make_v the_o chorus_n of_o they_o as_o in_o the_o suppliant_n of_o euripides_n where_o the_o seven_o prince_n of_o argos_n that_o implore_v theseus_n help_n to_o bury_v the_o dead_a body_n of_o their_o husband_n before_o thebes_n make_v the_o chorus_n themselves_o but_o if_o they_o be_v put_v to_o invent_v a_o chorus_n they_o always_o do_v it_o conformable_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o their_o subject_n and_o to_o the_o rule_n of_o probability_n this_o aristophanes_n have_v ingenious_o enough_o observe_v in_o comedy_n as_o where_o he_o make_v a_o chorus_n of_o frog_n to_o sing_v while_o bacchus_n pass_v the_o styx_n in_o charon_n bark_n and_o another_o of_o wasp_n in_o the_o house_n of_o philocleon_n who_o son_n will_v hinder_v he_o from_o go_v abroad_o for_o though_o those_o be_v very_o ridiculous_a imagination_n yet_o they_o be_v comical_a well_o enough_o invent_v in_o mirth_n and_o be_v not_o against_o the_o rule_n of_o his_o art_n from_o hence_o we_o may_v likewise_o judge_v why_o the_o chorus_n be_v at_o last_o leave_v out_o in_o new_a comedy_n and_o of_o this_o i_o think_v no_o body_n hitherto_o have_v give_v a_o true_a reason_n horace_n think_v that_o the_o malignity_n and_o satirical_a humour_n of_o the_o poet_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o for_o they_o make_v the_o chorus's_n abuse_n people_n so_o severe_o that_o the_o magistrate_n forbid_v they_o at_o last_o to_o use_v any_o at_o all_o but_o i_o think_v that_o if_o the_o rule_n of_o probability_n have_v not_o likewise_o second_v this_o prohibition_n the_o poet_n will_v have_v preserve_v their_o chorus_n still_o with_o conformity_n to_o their_o subject_n and_o that_o without_o too_o much_o satyr_n therefore_o i_o imagine_v the_o thing_n come_v to_o pass_v thus_o comedy_n take_v its_o model_n and_o constitution_n from_o tragedy_n and_o when_o the_o downright_a abuse_n of_o live_a person_n be_v prohibit_v they_o general_o invent_v feign_v subject_n which_o they_o govern_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o tragedy_n but_o as_o they_o be_v necessitate_v to_o draw_v picture_n of_o the_o life_n of_o the_o vulgar_a and_o be_v confine_v by_o consequent_a to_o mean_v event_n they_o general_o choose_v the_o place_n of_o their_o scene_n in_o some_o street_n before_o the_o house_n of_o those_o who_o they_o suppose_v concern_v in_o the_o story_n and_o it_o be_v not_o very_o probable_a that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o troup_n of_o people_n in_o such_o a_o place_n manage_v a_o intrigue_n of_o inconsiderable_a person_n from_o morning_n to_o night_n comedy_n lose_v of_o its_o self_n insensible_o the_o chorus_n which_o it_o can_v not_o preserve_v with_o any_o probability_n comedy_n therefore_o have_v lose_v its_o chorus_n long_o before_o tragedy_n that_o which_o be_v call_v new_a comedy_n receive_v dance_n music_n and_o buffoon_n in_o the_o room_n of_o the_o chorus_n as_o more_o proper_a for_o the_o genius_n of_o comical_a poetry_n since_o therefore_o we_o be_v now_o full_o inform_v what_o the_o chorus_n be_v let_v we_o see_v how_o it_o act_v upon_o the_o stage_n at_o first_o it_o be_v place_v a_o little_a low_o than_o the_o theatre_n and_o be_v seat_v by_o itself_o from_o whence_o it_o rise_v to_o sing_v and_o dance_v afterward_o it_o be_v place_v upon_o the_o stage_n itself_o and_o at_o last_o it_o come_v upon_o the_o very_a scene_n that_o be_v behind_o the_o hang_n or_o decoration_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o scaliger_n castelvetro_n and_o other_o author_n with_o many_o other_o thing_n which_o i_o forbear_v to_o repeat_v here_o but_o we_o may_v observe_v beside_o that_o the_o chorus_n do_v not_o ordinary_o appear_v upon_o the_o stage_n till_o after_o the_o prologue_n that_o be_v as_o we_o have_v explain_v it_o till_o after_o one_o or_o many_o scene_n which_o open_v the_o play_n and_o be_v preparative_n to_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o the_o piece_n not_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o act_n or_o episod_n this_o too_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v only_o in_o strictness_n for_o sometime_o there_o be_v no_o prologue_n and_o all_o that_o pass_v before_o the_o come_n on_o of_o the_o chorus_n be_v the_o first_o act_n and_o to_o be_v reckon_v of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o tragedy_n as_o in_o the_o ajax_n of_o sophocles_n at_o other_o time_n the_o chorus_n its_o self_n open_v the_o stage_n as_o in_o the_o rhaesus_n of_o euripides_n because_o be_v compose_v of_o the_o guard_n which_o have_v watch_v all_o night_n it_o be_v not_o probable_a any_o shall_v be_v there_o before_o they_o we_o must_v observe_v beside_o that_o when_o the_o chorus_n once_o come_v on_o in_o regularity_n they_o be_v not_o suppose_v to_o go_v off_o till_o the_o end_n of_o the_o play_n and_o this_o appear_v by_o all_o the_o greek_a tragedys_n where_o the_o chorus_n often_o show_v the_o palace_n or_o house_n to_o stranger_n complain_n or_o seem_v astonish_v at_o sudden_a noise_n make_v within_o by_o all_o which_o it_o may_v be_v conclude_v it_o stay_v all_o along_o upon_o the_o stage_n it_o be_v true_a that_o sometime_o we_o may_v observe_v it_o to_o come_v in_o and_o out_o but_o that_o be_v extraordinary_o and_o by_o some_o remarkable_a artifice_n of_o the_o poet_n who_o have_v a_o mind_n that_o some_o action_n or_o other_o shall_v be_v perform_v upon_o the_o stage_n without_o witness_n as_o when_o sophocles_n have_v a_o mind_n that_o ajax_n shall_v kill_v himself_o upon_o the_o stage_n he_o send_v out_o the_o chorus_n under_o pretext_n of_o assist_v tecmessa_n who_o be_v endeavour_v to_o find_v out_o ajax_n to_o prevent_v the_o effect_n of_o his_o fury_n he_o have_v just_o leave_v she_o with_o a_o sword_n in_o his_o hand_n another_o reason_n the_o poet_n have_v of_o send_v out_o the_o chorus_n be_v when_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o they_o who_o represent_v the_o chorus_n have_v do_v a_o action_n which_o can_v not_o natural_o have_v be_v perform_v upon_o the_o stage_n so_o in_o the_o oratrice_n or_o plead_v woman_n of_o aristophanes_n the_o woman_n which_o compose_v the_o chorus_n go_v out_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o act_n in_o man_n disguise_n to_o go_v to_o the_o council_n to_o have_v it_o there_o decree_v that_o the_o government_n of_o athens_n shall_v be_v put_v into_o their_o hand_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o act_n they_o come_v back_o upon_o the_o scene_n to_o bring_v their_o husband_n clothes_n which_o they_o have_v steal_v in_o the_o night_n where_o by_o the_o by_o we_o may_v take_v notice_n of_o the_o ignorance_n of_o some_o of_o our_o pedant_n in_o their_o latin_a tragedys_n when_o at_o the_o end_n of_o each_o act_n they_o bring_v on_o a_o single_a actor_n to_o represent_v the_o chorus_n and_o declaim_v some_o scurvy_a verse_n of_o morality_n bring_v he_o on_o and_o drive_v he_o off_o as_o they_o please_v think_v thereby_o to_o fulfil_v aristotle_n rule_n and_o perfect_o imitate_v the_o ancient_n whereas_o their_o chorus_n be_v compose_v of_o many_o person_n who_o sing_v and_o dance_v with_o great_a art_n and_o be_v always_o bring_v upon_o the_o stage_n for_o some_o good_a reason_n nor_o be_v we_o to_o imagine_v as_o some_o have_v do_v that_o the_o chorus_n sing_v and_o dance_v always_o for_o that_o be_v only_a when_o there_o be_v need_v to_o mark_v the_o interval_n of_o the_o acts._n in_o other_o place_n the_o chorus_n be_v consider_v as_o any_o other_o actor_n and_o the_o corypheus_n or_o chief_a of_o they_o use_v to_o hold_v discourse_n for_o all_o the_o rest_n or_o else_o be_v divide_v in_o two_o as_o sometime_o it_o be_v half_a on_o one_o side_n of_o the_o stage_n and_o half_a on_o the_o other_o the_o chief_n of_o each_o side_n discourse_v together_o of_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o stage_n as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o agamemnon_n of_o aeschylus_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o that_o king_n we_o see_v likewise_o sometime_o that_o the_o chorus_n after_o some_o discourse_n fall_v a_o sing_n or_o be_v command_v to_o do_v it_o by_o which_o it_o appear_v it_o do_v not_o sing_v before_o the_o example_n be_v precise_a in_o the_o seven_o before_o thebes_n where_o prince_n eteocles_n after_o have_v discourse_v with_o the_o chorus_n a_o good_a while_n bid_v he_o at_o last_o leave_v off_o talk_v and_o sing_v to_o know_v now_o whether_o they_o all_o dance_v and_o whether_o the_o same_o person_n dance_v that_o sing_v and_o if_o they_o dance_v and_o play_v on_o instrument_n together_o and_o of_o what_o sort_n be_v that_o great_a diversity_n of_o song_n we_o find_v among_o the_o ancient_n all_o this_o i_o say_v can_v contribute_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o composition_n of_o a_o drammatic_a poem_n and_o therefore_o need_v