then hath a doublet made of a beastes skinne or such other kinde of apparell the which with the verie shirt oftentimes wee haue seene by shot burned neyther then is it to be doubted but that the aire beeing on fire following and driuing the pellet into the wounded person but thereby the flesh may also be burned But what will they say then when the gunne is discharged euen close at the partâ—es bodie and the wound happeneth in an vncloathed and naked place doth euerie souldier weare gauntlets and helmets yea oftentimes it happeneth the gunne to be discharged at the verie face necke handes and open mouth as they which are dayly conuersant in the warres can beare me witnesse farre better then those which dispute of the matter in their closets and according to the prouerb without hazard of gunshot Surely I denie not but when one is wounded so nigh the Ordinance but that the wound may be burned and blasted in which case they are greatly deceaued which thinke that such woundes are alwaies without blasting and doe iudge the heate to come onely of the pellet and therby do make rules so general that they may haue many exceptions which easily may be gathered by that which we before haue spoken intreating of the venome and blasting happening to these woundes Thus much haue I thought it good to declare vnto you concerning the nature essence of wounds by shot and of the sundrie accidentes which may happen thereunto the which for the most part are woont to be solution of continuitie with brusing and rending of the partes which requireth two intentions curatiue that is consolidation and restoring of the brused and torne partes but if it be accompanied with burning as it may be then must we repaire to the third intention that is to the extinguishing of the fire and drawing out of the heate yea and last of all to the fourth that is to some wholesome remedie named of the Greekes Alexipharmacon as often as we shall thinke that there is some venom in the wound hauing speciall regard to the moste dangerous discommodities and to finde out so manie curatiue and conseruatiue and preseruatiue intentions as sundrie woundes ioyned with sundrie accidentes shall require CHAP. II. Of the differences tokens and sundrie signes of woundes by Gunshot THose which more heedily consider those partes which by shot are wounded and doe wisely weye their office necessarie substance situation sence and figure and likewise the essence or maner of the hurt and the proper differences thereof may presently see and iudge as well by reason as experience what and howe manie intentions are necessarie to the curation therof and so may prouide indications much able to sundrie accidentes and present griefes and thereby to preuent things which are as yet to come as Galen teacheth lib. Met. 4. 7. To which purpose it greatly auayleth a perfect knowledge of proper differences and a consideration of the greatnesse or smalenesse deepenesse or hollownesse of the wound the which differences are taken as of the cause efficient of the manifold figures substances shapes and kinde of mettall of the shot for some of them are long some plaine some great some litle some verie slender which causeth that the wound is of sundrie sortes some strike awaie the member other pearce through tearing and rending the sinewy parts and bursting the bones or sometime by onely brusing and not pearcing the flesh according to the sundrie â—nd vnlike kinde of shot or to the nighnesse or farre distance thereof or according to the state of the bodie being hurted that is eyther naked or couered yea sometimes so safe it is defended with so sure a corslet and as we may say so teÌ„pered that it cannot be pearred neyther the bodie by anie meanes be wounded And if it bee wounded it is verie little and without danger in that the violence of the shot is weakened by the hardnesse and strongnesse of the armour and especiallie being the shot of no great ordinance but of some small peece and all these differences without doubt may be referred to one kinde that is to the solution of continuitie which sometime is seene and somtimes is hidden that is manifest which is perceiued by handling and sight and when a plaine wound appeareth with wannesse of the fleshe as it were an Escare ioyned with great dolor and specially when the sinewes are hurt which doth plainly shew vnto vs beside the signes of a wound which doth not a litle auaile to this purpose that the same is made by gunshot A hidden or secret wound is without anie manifest breaking of the skinne which the Grecians call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and is knowen by shedding of the bloud betweene the flesh and the skinne and doe stayne the hurted part with a violet and wannie colour These are the common signes of such woundes wherein a consideration is had of onely brusing and solution of continuitie but insomuch as we haue taught in the former chapter that such woundes may sometimes be accompanied with venom and blastinâ— contrarie to the opinion of some it behoueth the Chirurgion to imploy all his studie and labour in this case to iudge and discerne euerie affection by the tokens and signes proper thereunto because such affections as we said before be often ioyned to such woundes and let him seeke out a proper remedie for ech of them and diligently consider which of them is most dangerous for that as Galen teacheth is not onely first but also chiefest to be cured that insomuch as sometimes wee are compelled by reason thereof not onely to let passe the other accidentes but also to make new that thereby we may remedie that which is most dangerous And this is the very cause why the knowledge of these wounds poisoned by shot are so necessarie as in the Chapter before we haue taught least that the sodaine death which many times comes thereby be imputed to the corruption of the aire and other first qualities when commonly the fault lieth in the wilfulnesse and vnskilfulnesse of the Phisition perswading themselues that these wounds by no meanes may be venemous therby they refuse the true kinde of healing And some no doubt will attribute it to the aboundance of blood and to the euill iuice of the bodies called by y e Greeks Cachochimia the which two verily I doe acknowledge with Galen confesse haue great force in hindering of al wounds and the chiefest causes of euill accidences notw estanding if the signes which signifieth venom hath in theÌ„ any thing coÌ„mon with these y t happen to gunshot where only coÌ„tusion is ioyned yet may they easily be discerned whether they be great or litle or waightie fearefull accidents and extraordinarie which oftentimes come to passe Therefore if the flesh be more wanner then it is wont to be in common wounds by shotte and as it were deade with an euill colour of all the whole member with intolorable and
of purpose as some would haue it but by often dipping and quenching them in mercuriall waters and deadly iuices through y e which their substance may be altered spoiled and so they doo venime and infect the wound with their euill disposition although they stay not in the wounde but presently passe through of such force is the subtiltie of them as by experience often made in beasts hath ben often prooued the which we meane to confirme with probable reasons in that booke de Antidotis of which we spake off a little before But yet we graunt that the shot passing so swiftly through the body cannot so sodenly infect with his poison yet often it commeth to passe that the bullet lieth long in the wound vnknowne to the Chyrurgion and so I thinke there is no man that doubteth but that in such space it hath time enough to infect with his venime the hurted part for the more subtiller and spirituall the poison is as we haue declared before so much swifter quicker are the effects thereof by spreading abroade his maligne vapours through the vaines arteries and sinewes whereby it doth infect the spirits naturall vitall and animall choaking them with a certaine disagreeance and contrarietie ioyning themselues with them whereby the life of man is extinguished the which doth consist of a liuely and meete action of the saide three spirits And these poisons the more subtiler and finer they be so much the more daungerous they are the which is plainly to be seene by the biting of Vipers and other venâ—mous wastes But if any man will frowardly contend as I see some will that the strength of the fire will take away all the poison of the bullet I will answere them with the same argument which they themselues are wont to vse for say they these wounds are not any thing burnt at all in that the shot by reason of his hardnesse is neuer so hot but that it may be handled with bare hands and likewise I say that then the fire cannot haue such power that it is able to abolish the poison which is spred through the substance of the bullet specially when the venime is so mixed with all parts of the shot that it hath infected with his venime all the substance thereof Neither am I mooued in that Aristotle lib. de Coelo cap. 7. writeth that by the impulsion of the aire the dartes or arrowes waxe so hot that the leade thereof melteth the which by the thing it selfe and dayly experience is knowne to be false and especially in gun bullets which are sent out by fire and are carried away farre more swifter then any arrowe but if this might be graunted to Aristotle yet the witnesse of auncient writers of whom mention before is made doth plainly proue that the poison therby cannot by any means be extinguished much lesse theÌ„ can it be ouercome with a far lesser heate Nay I say that not onely that the venime cannot be taken away with so smal heate but also I affirme that if the bullet it self should be molten yet very hardly thereby the poison would be purified for so greatly deeply is it spred mingled w t the whole substaÌ„ce therof that for the most part there is not one part left vnaltered Likewise the spirite of Arsnicke Calaminae or Tuthiae being mingled with gray or yellowish Copper dooth not at the first melting vanish away yet we count not those like to them which wee spake off before such as be deadly being only outwardly farre from the principall parts applied through their hid and secret qualitie as the effectes thereof doth most plainly declace By this we trust it is manifestly prooued that shot may be poysoned which verie quickly will worke hys effectes especially if it stay in the wound as oftentimes we haue seene that poyson being heated with a small fire and scarsly made warme would very hardly be quenched or taken away By which reasons it may be concluded y t shot may be venemous but not thorow the pouder which we haue proued to be quite voyd of venom but by dipping and seasoning the shot in poyson which oftentimes we haue seene wherefore it behoueth a wise and expert phisitâ—an not to be selfe minded for as this thing happeneth not dayly yet manie times it commeth to passe and yet not oftentimes when a sudden battell is fought when eyther through ignorance or want of poyson it is not practised but it is rather wrought in defence of Cities being besieged or of set purpose when anie is minded villanousâ—ie to murther another to which most wicked deuise in these our vnhappie dayes Princes and noble men are more in danger then common souldiers in this place we will ouerpasse the signes and tokens whereby it may be knowen whether the shot be vâ—nomous or no hauing a more fitter place therefore in the chapter of the true and orderly curation thereof This place requireth that we reason of the varietie which is found in such woundes that is of the burning which sometimes is and sometimes is not and to say my minde therein I cannot allow their opinion moued thereunto by the authoritie of diuers learned men which write that the cause of the burning and blasting comes through the shot which they thâ—nke by reason of his swift mouing and motion of the ayre through which it swiftly passeth waxeth so hote that it hath the strength of a cauterise which they labour to proue by the effect following that is by the escharre great inflamation and blacknesse and other such accidentes which are woont to accompanie burning Of this I will not with manie wordes contend insomuch that the nature of the shot being wisely waied which is commonly of lead and therefore can hardly abide such force of heate without melting their error with small adoâ— is conuinced and so muche the easier beeing alreadie confuted by manie learned reasons of Laurentius Loubertus a most excellent phisition and famous in our countrey whose wise and learned iudgement I doubt not wil also verifie with me that this blasting of the wound is not through the heate of the shot which comes farre of out of an Iron peece But it may be when one is wounded by shot standing hard by asdayly we see doe happen that they stand so nigh the peece that with the wound their garmentes verie beard are also scorched which happeneth onely through the burning of the powder which firie and burning with the shot flieth out of the mouth of the gunne which if anie man saith it cannot flee farre I will answere hym by the contrarie that it may verie well flie so farre that if anie man touch his bodie he may plainely feele it before it be quite extinguished And againe if anie more captious will demaund whether that the harnesse and apparell be not sufficient to defend the fleshe from burning by the powder I doubt not but the harnesse hath much more force in defending thereof
extraordinarie aches and also with inflamation and pricking and shooting paines especially about the wound with vnlustinesse and heauinesse of all the whole bodie and many times burning feuers with sounding and alienation of the minde all these doo testifie that there is some venemous qualitie ioyned with the wound especially when there can no manifest cause be found out by y e Phisition whereof all these euill accidents should proceede which sometimes I haue seene to happen in simple wounds yea without the tearing of any sinewes But more certainer signes of this matter may be if any tokens appeare outwardly which may bee learned at the mouth of the patient and by relation of his familiar friendes and companions considering also the manner the place and the person being wounded But the surest signe of all is learned by the bullet if it may be found for if you cut him in two parts you shall see him darke and mixed with a purple and violet colour vnlike to the colour of other shot being cut which is wont to haue a yealow colour Then maist thou surely affirme that the shot was poisoned whereby the very substance thereof was altered as plaincly is seene by his inward colour which is greatly altered wanne and darke as we said before Proofe thereof also may be made in the fire which was said not rashly to haue great force in purging of all poison Because such things which are strong poison in deede doe consist of a spirituall and ayriall substance and therefore by force of fire doe easily vanish into the aire yet not with a smal heate such as is felt in going out of y e shot as Ambrosius Pareus thought which rather in processe of time woulde fixe it and make it not volatle and so consequently vnhurtfull But by a most strong heate of fire such as they vse in subliming for in that force of fire y e mercurie is eleuated and vanished away so likewise is the Arsnicke orpigment and such other spirits and for that cause they cannot be purged except they be pressed in the cold necke of the subliming vessels and so the suspected bullet being melted and kept in great heate a sufficient time then a darke and stinking smoke ariseth couering the mettall of which smoke or fume you must heware which after the melting is found not onely vnpurged but also appeareth blacke wanne and darke which commeth through the venemous fume spreding it selfe about the mettall and this is an infallible signe that the shott was poysoned whereby the wound may be venomed as I said before and that according to the time as it remaineth in the wound These be the signes whereby a poysoned wound is knowne which are the more dangerous to be iudged the more they doe weaken the strength of the patient Likewise blistering bladdering pricking paine drinesse contraction and hardnesse of the skinne doth manifestly shewe that the wound is also burnt with powder the which may be learned more surely by relation of the wounded person which can commonly declare whether he ware wounded nigh or farre off which also may be gathered by the burning of the vesture and it behoueth the Phisition to take heede diligently of all these thinges because they are of great waight and may bring great hurt to the wound and hinder greatly the curation thereof and through aboundance of fiures and other grieuous accidents which commonly insue vnlesse timely with wholesome medicines they be preuented as Galen commandeth in 4. Met. cap. 5. where he teacheth the maner of curing of an vlcer ioyned or coupled with another griefe not as the curation of a simple vlcer but first that affection must be remoued and then the vlcer to be cured Of the iudgement Furthermore a sounder iudgement in this case may be giuen by a heedie consideration of the saying of Galen written in his method where he teacheth that diseases may be dangerous for three causes first by reason of the worthinesse of the part affected secondarily through the vehemencie and strength of the griefe lastly by the malignitie and euill qualitie of the disease Therefore if the spirituall parts or if the braine and especially the substance thereof be wounded it is deadly Likewise the lunges the midriffe the stomacke the splene and kidnie being wounded doth cōmonly bring death for they also by reason of their offices are reckoned among the principall partes of no lesse ieopardie are the wounds of the guts especially in the smaller where there is no fleshe also in the bladder which cannot be aglutinated because they are vnbloudie parts and likewise woundes wherein the head or stomacke is pearced through are counted verie dangerous and the more greater and deeper y e wounds be with tearing of the sinewes and brusing of the bones so much the more dangerous they are and especiallie those which happen in the head with fracture of Cranion and also suche as be nigh the ioyntes through great and vehement accidentes insuing hereon but woundes ioyned with venome although in shew they be but small yet are they moste dangerous because by the contrarie substance excessiue qualitie thereof not onely the naturall disposition but also the verie substance of the bodie is altered and changed and especially when the wound is with breaking of the skinne which by thicknesse thereof doth defend the flesh which otherwise it woulde so that the poyson be not subtill that the contagiousnesse thereof doth not infect the bloud spirites and humors and consequently the principall partes whereby death commonly insueth Moreouer all these woundes are to be counted the more dangerous in case they be accompanied with euill accidentes and great passions and also the passion filled with euill humours and so much the more if at that time anie common sicknesse doth raigne in the campe caused by the aire whose qualitie although it be simple and not subiect to putrifaction yet oftentimes it bringeth great alteration to the qualities being infected with noysome and stincking fumes which oftentimes comes to passe in great hostes and chiefly in that part which is molested with composts and dead carcases of beastes and men from whence arise the noysome stincking fumes whereby the souldiers are afflicted also vnstablenesse of the weather comming with tempestes doth greatly hurt these woundes and oftentimes put the partie in great hazard and chiefly when a drie winter goeth before with northen blastes and a wet spring insueth with southerly windes through which many grosse humours are ingendred which with that vnstablenesse of weather are stirred and corrupted and the euilenesse of the aire ioyning therewith bringeth forth pestilent and burning feuers with inflamacions Gangrena and mortification yea and at the last death it selfe as Hipoc witnesseth in the third Aphorisme in lib. Epid. Neyther may we ouerpasse the loose and vnorderly kinde of dyet vsed not onely among the common souldiers but also with the Captaines rulers legates and protectors Which oftentimes are inforced to take such
be made for common souldiers Take vng Aurei â„¥ ii Turpentine and hony of Roses of ech â„¥ ss beane meale Ê’ ii Borax Ê’ i. our Precipitate Ê’ iii. mixe them Another prooued for the rich Take of the iuice of Persicarie and Cumphory ana â„¥ ii stilled oiles of Turpentine of Francomsence of Mirrh of Sarcacoll of ech Ê’ iii. the roote of round Astrology Ê’ i. ss white waxe â„¥ i. oile of hypericon q. ss An addition To one ounce of that put a dramme of our Precipitate and annoint therewith the tentes or pledgets Also the onely vnguent de paeto is very good whose descripsion you shall finde in our Antidotarie Also the vse of the cataplasme aboue taught is then also allowed so be it you adde to it the meale of Orobus of Barly Beanâ—s and Lâ—ntils and this Cerot following is very good Take massae emp. Diachalciteos â„¥ vi olei visci pomorum q. ss and make thereof a ceroâ—c and apply it to the wound But insomuch as for the most part such wounds are so deepe that neither ointmenâ—â— nor tents can reach them it were very good to vse this iniection following which serueth for common souldiers For the common souldiers Take Peruincle Petum Persicarie Betonie of ech one handfull flowers of saint Iohns wort and Verbasci ana p i. the roots of both Astrologies of ech â„¥ ss Francomsence Mirrhe Sarcacoll and Ireos of ech Ê’ ii boile them in white wine and wash the wound therewith at euery dressing but beware you leaue not ought thereof in the wound for it sufficeth if the wound be washed therewith For the richer sort Take Fluelline Peruincle winter-greene Betony Agrimony and y â— greater Cumphery of ech m. i. the rootes of round Astrology and Ireos of ech â„¥ i. boile them in the fleme of Vitriole An addition Take of this decoction strained halfe a pint and dissolue therein the chymicall Oiles of Myrrh and masticke anaÊ’ iii. Oile of Turpentine one dram mixe them and vse them as aforesaid The wounde being throughly clensed it must be incarnated which is soone done by making lesse and lesse the tentes dayly for by that meanes onely is the wounde filled with flesh without any medicine by the strength of natureâ— and then after is easily cicatrised so be it we augment the quantitie of our Precipitate in the ointments or else vse the medicine following A cicatrising powder Take lyme of eggshels well ralcyned â„¥ ss Boraxe and burnt Alome of ech Ê’ i. crocus Martis â„¥ i. make thereof a powder which is excellent to cicatrise Moreouer if the wound cannot be brought to suppuration by the foresaid medicines but beginneth to growe to Gangrena and mortification of the member which may be seene by the wanne yelow leady and blacke collour of the same then you must applie such medicines as haue vertue to withstand such corruption and mortification whose discriptions you shall find in the Chap. of Gangrena and also we must withstand all euill accidentes if any come as pain impostumation and such like as hereafter shalâ— be declared Nowe it resteth to intreat of such wounds by shot as are accompanied with venome and burning CHAP. VI. Of vvoundes by Gunshot accompanied with venome and burning HAuing set downe the curation of those woundes in which the solution of coÌ„tinuity w t brusing and tearing of the parts was onely to be waide It remaineth nowe to intreate of venome and burning which two we haue prooued to happen oftentimes to such wounds For venome therefore which must haue recourse to a third intention that is to some holesome medicine named of the greekes Alexipharmacon whereby out of hande it may bee drawne out of the wound and the strength thereof delayed least by little and little creeping in it commeth to tbe principall parts and so altereth their substance and hindereth their operation and this is to be done with medicines partly apylied outwardly to y e wound and heart and partly inwardly by the mouth ministred For if the flesh about the wound be more wanner then it is wont to be in common wounds and as it were deade with palenesse of the whole member with pricking of the sides and extraordinarie inflamations and paine with debilitie of the whole bodie alienation of the mind and burning feuers And these accidents come without any manifest cause it plainely declareth the wound to be venomed and then all other intentions said aside presently wee must prouide to withstand that for euen as the skilful shipmaister seeing a terrible tempest arising with blustering windes doth presently euen against both streame and winde considering his safegard with sayle and oare seeke to finde some safe porte and place to stay in Euen so the Phisitian harnised with reason vse and experience ought out of hand to applie some healthull medicine to this present incommoditie to boate downe presently if it may be the malice thereof and that before it taketh roote and hold in the wound and doth possesse the principall partes and heart to which place it maketh great speede and in this case present incision often fayleth and that which is done too late neuer helpeth Therfore if we iudge by the foresaid signes and such like that the wound is poysoned we must straight haue recourse to some present remedie but first a sound iudgement taken with perfect prognostication as Celsus willeth giuen to the friendes of the patient whether he be eyther past helpe or in great danger or like to recouer least that arte being ouercome with the euill it be attributed to our ignorance and deceite to the great discredite of the arte after this a conuenient order of dyet prescribed which resisteth venome wee must straight haue respect whether the griefe doth require eyther bloudletting or purgation which are to be done speedily with good aduisement whether the euacuation must bee done first and foremost or else with sweate vomite laske and phlebotomy that the euill humors may be purged before they be spred in the vaynes and taken holde in the arteries or els the pores by sweate being opened these euill and noysome vapors wherewith the heart is oppressed may come forth and vanish which is to be done especially if the poyson first be spred through the body and the patient filled with ill humors and then also Paulus counselleth that euacuation be made by phlebotomye as is to be seene in his 5. booke chap. 2. After this minister such thinges as defend and comfort the heart as Treacle and Methridate in wine or decoction of the roots of Angelica Turmentill Gentian Bistort Citron seedes Sorrell hear be baulme fluelline and pympinell with the sirope of lemons or any other infusion and that as the nature of the partie requireth and shal seeme good to the expert Phisition and in that case it behoueh him to be wise and warie and not misse Moreouer I haue thought it good to set downe a receite easie to be made for their sakes which are to come
remedies After this you shall fasten some tent with a threed and put it in the hollownes of the wound of such length as shall seeme meetest to keepâ— alwayes the mouth of the wounde open that the inward parts being purged and clensed may by litle and litle incarnat before the orofice be quite growne togither least otherwise the filth within might be stopped Moreouer whiles the sicke is a healing he must eschew the cold aire for nothing is more hurtfull to such wounds and if both sides be perced you must put tents in both holes and by so much the more keepe them open the longer that the matter way the easier haue issue But if that Callus happen to growe as sometimes it doth apply such remedies as hereafter shalbe declared As concerning his diet let him keepe such as is prescribed in other wounds that is cold dry and scleÌ„der but let him abstaine from astringent and sharpe meates and that from the beginning because they moue the cough and bring shortnesse of breath which thing commonly doth greatly hurt the seely sicke patient contrariwise such things as comfort the brest are very good as figges raisons picked barly and other like and blood-letting also is very good and euacuation by glister and otherwise if the body be filled with ill iuice The like in all points is to be obserued in wounds of the belly thecuration of which is not vnlike to the cure of other wounds by shot which we haue set downe already although these vulner ary potions are more in vse in that in the partes they more perfitly worke and shew their strength And such potious must bee mixed as intentions shall require and more strengthners must be vsed if any nutritiue part be hurt as the liuer and splene which also is good to foment outwardly and sometimes such wounds are cured by giuing fit glisters when they shall touch the lower parts but if the perce the body and hurt the backe bone then you must vse these remedies which wee haue prescribed in wounds of the heade and the like iudgement is to bee giuen if the marrow of the backe come forth as was before touching the braine But because it oftentimes happeneth that the shotte is drawne from the vpper parts lower and so sticketh in some member and commeth not out in which case the filth and matter cannot haue issue out then it must be wayed where the shot may without daunger be taken out by the lower way which the easier may bee done if you may feele it with your fingers for y t wayes it may far better be taken out as we said before where we intreated of taking out things infixed but if that cannot be then must we vse compressions and hard bindings that there by the corruption may come forth the hâ—tter for by pressing of it toward the orâ—â—ee it issueth the better also iniections are good for these â—â—â—ewy woundes because other medicines cannot reach the bottome of them but you must giue indeuour that you leaue none thereof in the wound but draw it vp againe with your spout which cast it in In these kinds of wounds tents made of sponges are very good because they draw corruption and sucke it in and dry the wound But because oftentimes the lippes of the wound ware hard which letteth perfite consolidation you shall therefore vse the remedies following for they are most fitin this case and for all fistulaes neither shall you need to vse hot irons the which extreme remedy the common Chyrurgeons are wont to apply Ad callum fistulas curandas Take oile of hony drawne by heate of fire â„¥ ii oile of saturne and mercury sublimate anaÊ’i olei petr and of clâ—ues anaÊ’i ss let them be ioyned togither with turpentine and with tentes or plegets and apply to the wound Another excellent for the same Take Antimoni â„¥ iii. of mercuyie sublimate â„¥ i. ss mellis â„¥ vi mixe all togither and distill them in a retorâ— according to art with a small fire there will issue an oile most exâ—ellent to cure al callous and mallgne vlâ—ers fistulaes cankers and also Gangrena CHAP. V. The order to correct such accidents as happen to these wounds ALllearned Phisitions do grant that those greenous accidents which doe greatly diminish ouerthrow the strength of y e bodie are first to be cured letting passe for a while the proper curation of the wound and the curation of these accidentes is not as an accident but as the cause of pulling downe strength or any other grieuous affection Therefore great paine intempery impostumation palsâ—es Gangrena seuers crampÌ„es and Sphacelus because they are weightie and daungerous accidents and do often happen to the wounds must out of haâ—de bee remedied in that they â—â—â—â—ken strength and bring perillous diseases in this case therefore y â— method must be altered least by the violence of these accidents the patient be killed oâ— else through the crueltie thereof he be sore vexed and let the curation beginne where the siche is in most danger for thither the Phisition ought to direct his comming for no wound can perfectly be cured except first suche accidentes be driuen away Therefore I haue thought it good to discourse of them all with a fit method and order and with few wordes to prescribe to eche hys proper remedie Of griefe We asswage paine with onodinis or els with paregoricis medicamentis which are temperate agreeable to our bodies and hold in the first degree and of a thinne substance and this we doe with fometation and lynaaments Fomentations are made with the decoction of the root of hollihocke sheepes heades mallowes of the flowers of Mullein camomill mellilote of the seedes of linen fenigrecke and milke Lynaments are made of y e Macilage seminum psillij fenigreck and of hollihock of butter capons grease and bawsons grease of oesypo and oyle of visci pomorum Also Narcotica asswage paine by henumming the feeling of the member and making at first that it cannot feele the raging of the paine we vse such when through great paine the strength is wasted and feare of swounding draweth on and when the payne comes of great infâ—amation Take the rotes of the henbane and waters lilies ana lb. s digest them in the sonne with vineger of roses and oyle of Nenuphar for a fewdayes then straine it and therewith foment the place agreeued warme and after annoynt with this lineament Take the iuice of the leaues of henbane and senegrene ana â„¥ ii olei visci pomorum nenuphar ana â„¥ i. ss freshe butter â„¥ ii mixe them and make thereof a lineament and let the wise Phisition alwaies marke this that he be very carefull to asswage paine for it alwaies prognosticateth some ill and let this suffise for that we haue prescribed manie medicines before this intention Of distemperature If a whote distemperature do molest the wounded part which is easily knowne by paine and blistering thereof then