belly_n colic_n flux_n etc._n etc._n but_o person_n of_o a_o hot_a constitution_n ought_v to_o use_v it_o moderate_o it_o be_v apt_a to_o inflame_v the_o blood_n most_o of_o the_o province_n of_o china_n abound_v as_o well_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o eatable_n as_o medicinal_a herb_n we_o will_v descend_v a_o little_a to_o particular_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la near_o to_o the_o chief_a city_n kingyang_n grow_v a_o herb_n call_v kinsu_v which_o for_o its_o resemblance_n to_o a_o tuft_n of_o yellow_a hair_n the_o chineses_n call_v the_o golden_a or_o the_o gold_n thread_n of_o silkworm_n it_o be_v of_o a_o bitter_a taste_n and_o rather_o of_o a_o cool_a then_o warm_v quality_n it_o cure_v all_o manner_n of_o scurf_n of_o the_o body_n here_o also_o grow_v another_o herb_n call_v quei_z good_a against_o melancholy_n and_o occasion_v joy_n and_o gladness_n of_o heart_n if_o take_v inward_o near_o to_o cingcheu_o in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n lie_v some_o island_n wherein_o grow_v a_o herb_n call_v lungsiu_n which_o make_v horse_n strong_a and_o swift_a if_o they_o eat_v of_o the_o same_o also_o near_o the_o same_o city_n grow_v the_o herb_n of_o a_o thousand_o year_n so_o common_o call_v but_o they_o far_o affirm_v of_o it_o that_o it_o be_v immortal_a and_o never_o die_v the_o water_n wherein_o the_o same_o have_v be_v infuse_v be_v drink_v make_v white_a hair_n black_a and_o be_v very_o good_a to_o prolong_v life_n there_o be_v beside_o these_o several_a other_o incomparable_a herb_n which_o be_v use_v among_o they_o for_o the_o cure_n of_o distemper_n of_o all_o sort_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tanyeu_n grow_v a_o certain_a herb_n very_o high_a among_o the_o rock_n which_o will_v not_o burn_v when_o fling_v into_o the_o fire_n and_o there_o keep_v for_o some_o time_n only_o it_o will_v turn_v a_o little_a red_a but_o as_o soon_o as_o out_o of_o the_o fire_n present_o recover_v its_o pristine_a and_o natural_a colour_n yet_o although_o it_o resist_v fire_n it_o immediate_o turn_v to_o dirt_n be_v put_v into_o water_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n near_o to_o kiunchen_n grow_v the_o herb_n chifung_a so_o call_v because_o it_o show_v which_o way_n the_o wind_n blow_v the_o seaman_n say_v they_o can_v discover_v by_o the_o same_o what_o stormy_a wether_n they_o shall_v have_v before_o they_o go_v to_o sea_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n near_o to_o chincheu_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v a_o kind_n of_o cloth_n of_o a_o certain_a herb_n call_v thou_o which_o be_v esteem_v far_o before_o silk_n and_o much_o dear_a but_o in_o the_o province_n of_o queicheu_o near_o to_o lipe_v they_o make_v cloth_n of_o a_o herb_n very_o like_o hemp_n and_o call_v co_n which_o be_v very_o commodious_a in_o summer_n the_o chinese_n physician_n say_v that_o upon_o the_o mountain_n tiengo_n grow_v above_o a_o hundred_o sort_n of_o simple_n all_o of_o very_o sovereign_a virtue_n but_o among_o all_o other_o china_n be_v famous_a for_o a_o herb_n call_v thea_fw-mi or_o cha_fw-mi and_o whereof_o the_o native_n and_o other_o neighbour_a people_n make_v their_o liquor_n call_v thea_fw-mi or_o cha_fw-mi take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o herb._n there_o be_v a_o very_a great_a difference_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o prepare_v and_o use_v this_o liquor_n between_o the_o chinese_n and_o those_o of_o japan_n for_o that_o the_o japanner_n beat_v the_o leave_v to_o a_o powder_n and_o mingle_v it_o with_o boil_a water_n in_o a_o cup_n which_o they_o afterward_o drink_v off_o but_o the_o chineses_n put_v the_o leave_v whole_a into_o a_o pot_n of_o boil_a water_n which_o have_v lie_v in_o steep_a for_o some_o time_n they_o sip_v off_o hot_a without_o swallow_v down_o any_o of_o the_o leave_n but_o only_o the_o quintessence_n thereof_o extract_v other_o prepare_v it_o with_o milk_n and_o a_o little_a salt_n mingle_v with_o water_n which_o be_v not_o so_o well_o approve_v but_o however_o prepare_v it_o be_v not_o only_o drink_v in_o china_n and_o other_o part_n of_o india_n but_o be_v much_o use_v likewise_o in_o divers_a other_o country_n and_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o all_o people_n that_o they_o find_v much_o good_a by_o it_o enhance_v the_o price_n and_o make_v the_o same_o be_v sell_v here_o at_o a_o very_a dear_a rate_n in_o xensi_fw-la near_o the_o city_n hacheu_o be_v great_a store_n of_o hemp_n but_o no_o flax_n grow_v in_o all_o the_o empire_n in_o kiangsi_n near_o the_o city_n kienchang_n grow_v a_o sort_n of_o rice_n so_o far_o exceed_v the_o rest_n for_o goodness_n that_o the_o emperor_n himself_o send_v for_o his_o own_o store_n from_o thence_o and_o for_o its_o excellency_n the_o chineses_n call_v it_o silver-cron_n in_o xensi_fw-la near_o the_o city_n kingyang_n grow_v another_o sort_n of_o rice_n use_v by_o the_o people_n to_o purge_v the_o body_n and_o cause_n urine_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n upon_o the_o mountain_n tienno_n near_o the_o city_n hangcheu_o grow_v mushroom_n in_o great_a abundance_n which_o be_v disperse_v into_o all_o part_n of_o the_o country_n and_o will_v keep_v good_a a_o whole_a year_n either_o dry_v or_o pickle_a this_o country_n produce_v abundance_n of_o cotton_n the_o seed_n whereof_o be_v bring_v thither_o about_o five_o hundred_o year_n since_o and_o though_o this_o fruit_n do_v likewise_o grow_v in_o other_o part_n at_o present_a as_o in_o arabia_n upon_o the_o island_n of_o cyprus_n maltha_n in_o sicily_n and_o in_o egypt_n i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o since_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o profitable_a commodity_n for_o trade_n in_o china_n to_o give_v this_o brief_a description_n thereof_o it_o grow_v upon_o a_o stalk_v almost_o three_o foot_n high_a cover_v with_o a_o red_a bark_n and_o full_a of_o prickle_n divide_v itself_o into_o several_a branch_n the_o leave_n be_v not_o much_o unlike_o those_o of_o the_o vine_n and_o divide_v into_o three_o part_n which_o for_o bigness_n may_v be_v compare_v with_o those_o of_o the_o mast-tree_n it_o bear_v a_o flower_n which_o be_v yellow_a on_o the_o outside_n and_o red_a in_o the_o middle_n from_o which_o proceed_v a_o round_a fruit_n about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o apple_n wherein_o when_o it_o be_v ripe_a the_o wool_n lie_v conceal_v which_o be_v afterward_o gather_v sell_v and_o dispose_v of_o to_o several_a uses_n the_o leave_n of_o the_o cotton-tree_n be_v general_o alike_o only_o here_o and_o there_o some_o be_v smooth_a soft_a and_o more_o even_a than_o other_o in_o some_o place_n of_o china_n bean_n may_v be_v see_v grow_v upon_o tree_n a_o sort_n of_o which_o near_o the_o city_n changchang_n be_v repute_v good_a against_o poison_n the_o province_n of_o quantung_n produce_v abundance_n of_o osier_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o rope_n twist_v together_o by_o nature_n of_o which_o there_o be_v whole_a mountain_n full_a in_o this_o province_n which_o be_v put_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o divers_a uses_n and_o in_o regard_n they_o be_v very_o tough_a and_o will_v not_o easy_o break_v they_o make_v sometime_o cordage_n thereof_o for_o vessel_n but_o their_o best_a use_n be_v to_o make_v soft_a mattress_n upon_o which_o most_o of_o the_o people_n the_o grandee_n and_o the_o emperor_n himself_o lay_v themselves_o naked_a when_o they_o go_v to_o sleep_v very_o neat_a and_o clean_o be_v this_o furniture_n and_o withal_o very_o cool_v in_o the_o summer_n and_o though_o the_o mattress_n be_v only_o spread_v one_o the_o bare_a floor_n yet_o they_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o fit_a place_n to_o lie_v on_o have_v be_v no_o otherwise_o accustom_a the_o whole_a island_n of_o hainan_n be_v full_a of_o these_o osier_n especial_o of_o the_o best_a which_o the_o portuguese_n call_v the_o white_a rota_n of_o flower_n there_o be_v several_a rare_a and_o well_o scent_v flower_n which_o grow_v in_o these_o part_n that_o be_v unknown_a to_o those_o of_o europe_n in_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n near_o to_o chungk_v grow_v a_o certain_a flower_n call_v meutang_n in_o high_a esteem_n among_o they_o and_o therefore_o call_v the_o king_n of_o flower_n it_o differ_v very_o little_a in_o fashion_n from_o the_o european_a rose_n but_o be_v much_o large_a and_o spread_v it_o leave_v far_a abroad_o it_o far_o surpass_v the_o rose_n in_o beauty_n but_o fall_v short_a in_o richness_n of_o scent_n it_o have_v no_o thorn_n or_o prickle_n and_o be_v general_o of_o a_o white_a colour_n mingle_v with_o a_o little_a purple_a yet_o there_o be_v some_o that_o be_v yellow_a and_o red_a this_o flower_n grow_v upon_o a_o bush_n and_o be_v careful_o cherish_v and_o plant_v in_o all_o garden_n belong_v to_o the_o grandee_n for_o one_o of_o the_o most_o choice_a flower_n in_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n near_o the_o city_n tan_n be_v a_o great_a cataract_n
province_n of_o huquang_n be_v catch_v many_o dainty_a lamprey_n in_o the_o river_n lofeu_n near_o to_o the_o city_n kiagan_n be_v the_o pool_n mie_n in_o which_o be_v breed_v a_o sort_n of_o fish_n as_o sweet_a as_o honey_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n near_o the_o city_n canghoa_n lie_v the_o mountain_n cienk_v upon_o which_o be_v a_o pool_n famous_a for_o the_o yellow_a or_o goldfish_n that_o be_v in_o it_o it_o be_v but_o a_o small_a fish_n about_o a_o finger_n length_n with_o a_o fork_a tail_n but_o be_v in_o very_o great_a esteem_n at_o the_o choice_a table_n so_o that_o the_o grandee_n have_v they_o common_o in_o their_o fishpond_n for_o their_o pleasure_n and_o use._n in_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n near_o to_o the_o chief_a city_n namyang_n run_v the_o river_n tan_n wherein_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o summer_n but_o never_o else_o be_v take_v red_a fish_n before_o and_o after_o which_o time_n they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v in_o regard_n they_o hide_v themselves_o near_o to_o the_o island_n hainan_n be_v catch_v whale_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o hollander_n and_o english_a take_v they_o in_o the_o north_n about_o greenland_n whereof_o they_o make_v oil_n which_o serve_v for_o several_a use_n of_o these_o common_o some_o be_v a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o foot_n long_o the_o head_n whereof_o be_v reckon_v for_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o snout_n be_v two_o round_a holes_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o will_v take_v in_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o water_n and_o spout_v it_o out_o again_o with_o a_o mighty_a force_n in_o stead_n of_o eye_n they_o have_v two_o thin_a skin_n which_o stick_v out_o and_o be_v three_o yard_n long_o and_o a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a broad_a and_o cover_v over_o with_o stuff_n like_a unto_o flock_n on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o head_n it_o have_v a_o ear_n which_o be_v much_o small_a without_o than_o within_o whereby_o they_o be_v very_o quick_a of_o hear_v it_o have_v a_o very_a large_a mouth_n with_o lip_n of_o so_o great_a a_o thickness_n that_o they_o have_v sometime_o five_o or_o six_o thousand_o weight_n of_o fat_a upon_o they_o the_o tongue_n which_o be_v about_o eighteen_o foot_n long_o and_o ten_o broad_a rest_v upon_o eight_o hundred_o small_a and_o great_a peg_n or_o tooth_n which_o be_v all_o cover_v with_o stuff_n like_o horsehair_n to_o preserve_v the_o tongue_n from_o be_v hurt_v as_o it_o lie_v upon_o they_o they_o feed_v upon_o fish_n and_o the_o froth_n and_o scum_n of_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v once_o one_o take_v that_o have_v forty_o cod-fish_n in_o her_o belly_n the_o tail_n be_v at_o the_o end_n almost_o twenty_o eight_o foot_n broad_a and_o two_o thick_a the_o male_n have_v a_o pizzle_n about_o fourteen_o foot_n long_o they_o bring_v forth_o but_o one_o at_o a_o time_n and_o that_o in_o the_o harvest_n which_o stay_v by_o the_o female_a under_o the_o protection_n of_o her_o fin_n till_o it_o be_v grow_v of_o a_o large_a size_n it_o stand_v in_o great_a fear_n of_o the_o swordfish_n which_o be_v a_o mortal_a enemy_n unto_o it_o and_o who_o with_o its_o sharp_a see_v endeavour_n to_o rip_v open_a the_o tender_a belly_n of_o this_o prodigy_n of_o nature_n the_o manner_n of_o kill_v they_o have_v be_v sufficient_o describe_v by_o other_o and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v forbear_v to_o trouble_v the_o reader_n with_o a_o relation_n thereof_o of_o creep_v creature_n near_a fungciang_n be_v find_v a_o sort_n of_o black_a snake_n who_o flesh_n be_v make_v use_n of_o in_o the_o composition_n of_o medicine_n that_o be_v prescribe_v as_o antidote_n against_o poison_n in_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n near_o the_o city_n hangang_n be_v snake_n with_o white_a speckled_a skin_n who_o flesh_n have_v for_o a_o convenient_a season_n be_v infuse_v in_o wine_n make_v the_o same_o a_o very_a sovereign_a remedy_n against_o lameness_n in_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n be_v a_o sort_n of_o snake_n which_o physical_o use_v be_v very_o good_a against_o the_o scurf_n and_o itch._n of_o vermine_n the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la be_v subject_a among_o many_o other_o inconvenience_n to_o this_o that_o it_o have_v more_o want_n of_o rain_n than_o the_o other_o northern_a part_n and_o this_o occasion_n every_o where_o such_o infinite_a swarm_n of_o grasshopper_n that_o they_o continual_o devour_v the_o growth_n of_o the_o field_n notwithstanding_o all_o the_o care_n and_o and_o industrious_a diligence_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o prevent_v the_o same_o and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n why_o there_o be_v very_o seldom_o any_o green_a grass_n to_o be_v see_v in_o that_o whole_a province_n but_o these_o very_a vermin_n supply_v the_o defect_n they_o cause_v by_o become_v good_a food_n insomuch_o that_o of_o these_o grasshopper_n the_o people_n make_v a_o delicate_a dish_n for_o their_o table_n the_o whole_a country_n of_o china_n have_v great_a number_n of_o silkworm_n but_o in_o no_o part_n be_v they_o in_o so_o great_a abundance_n as_o in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o spend_v the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o time_n in_o tend_v look_v after_o and_o take_v care_n to_o increase_v they_o in_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n the_o tree_n and_o field_n hang_v sometime_o full_a of_o silk_n which_o be_v not_o spin_v by_o the_o forementioned_a silkworm_n but_o another_o sort_n and_o consist_v of_o long_a thread_n of_o white_a silk_n which_o be_v carry_v by_o the_o wind_n upon_o the_o tree_n and_o house_n be_v gather_v together_o of_o this_o sort_n they_o weave_v stuff_n but_o it_o be_v far_o courser_n then_o that_o which_o be_v weave_v of_o the_o former_a but_o this_o be_v recompense_v by_o its_o durableness_n for_o it_o be_v much_o strong_a in_o china_n be_v also_o find_v several_a strange_a creature_n which_o live_v as_o well_o upon_o the_o land_n as_o in_o the_o water_n namely_o in_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n in_o the_o river_n of_o siang_n live_v a_o certain_a creature_n like_o a_o horse_n only_o in_o stead_n of_o hair_n it_o have_v scale_n upon_o the_o body_n and_o claw_n like_o a_o tiger_n it_o be_v of_o a_o very_a fierce_a and_o cruel_a nature_n and_o will_v fasten_v upon_o any_o thing_n when_o it_o come_v out_o of_o the_o water_n whether_o man_n or_o beast_n in_o quantung_n near_o the_o city_n hoeicheu_o be_v a_o creature_n which_o be_v neither_o fish_n nor_o fowl_n but_o between_o both_o for_o all_o the_o summer_n it_o be_v a_o bird_n of_o a_o yellow_a colour_n and_o therefore_o call_v hoangcioya_n and_o keep_v upon_o the_o mountain_n but_o in_o the_o winter_n it_o turn_v fish_n again_o and_o betake_v itself_o to_o the_o water_n the_o people_n eat_v of_o it_o with_o great_a delight_n and_o satisfaction_n near_o the_o city_n caocheu_o in_o the_o river_n co_n be_v abundance_n of_o very_a mischievous_a crocodile_n they_o be_v by_o the_o indian_n call_v caiman_n have_v a_o hide_n as_o hard_o as_o iron_n and_o only_o soft_a upon_o the_o belly_n this_o caiman_n have_v a_o broad_a forehead_n and_o a_o hog-like_a snout_n with_o a_o very_a wide_a mouth_n its_o tooth_n be_v large_a white_z and_o strong_a fix_v in_o both_o the_o jaw_n whereof_o only_o the_o uppermost_a move_v for_o the_o lowermost_a be_v fix_v and_o immovable_a it_o have_v no_o tongue_n but_o only_o a_o skiâ—_n that_o cleave_v to_o the_o low_a jaw_n be_v much_o like_o a_o tongue_n it_o have_v large_a round_o black_a eye_n the_o leg_n be_v strong_a and_o the_o foot_n arm_v with_o sharp_a nail_n the_o tail_n be_v as_o long_o as_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n it_o be_v say_v that_o he_o can_v live_v four_o month_n without_o eat_v but_o at_o last_o be_v hungry_a he_o howl_v or_o cry_v out_o like_o a_o man._n these_o serpent_n be_v very_o swift_a of_o foot_n but_o can_v so_o well_o wind_n and_o turn_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o stiff_a back-bone_n they_o be_v not_o only_o find_v here_o but_o in_o other_o part_n of_o india_n africa_n asia_n and_o america_n especial_o in_o the_o river_n nile_n in_o egypt_n they_o live_v upon_o fish_n or_o flesh_n and_o when_o they_o come_v ashore_o they_o prey_v upon_o cattle_n when_o they_o couple_v the_o male_a lay_v the_o female_a upon_o she_o back_o otherwise_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o shortness_n of_o his_o foot_n he_o can_v not_o copulate_v the_o female_a lay_n sixty_o egg_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o goose_n egg_n and_o be_v hatch_n of_o they_o sixty_o day_n there_o be_v no_o creature_n to_o be_v find_v that_o from_o so_o small_a a_o beginning_n grow_v to_o such_o a_o largeness_n for_o some_o be_v thirty_o foot_n long_o they_o be_v at_o enmity_n with_o the_o tiger_n serpent_n scorpion_n etc._n etc._n but_o at_o amity_n with_o hog_n which_o they_o
horse_n after_o who_o follow_v those_o that_o carry_v the_o scaling-ladder_n at_o last_o march_v up_o the_o prime_n of_o his_o army_n which_o consist_v of_o the_o stout_a and_o able_a soldier_n of_o his_o kingdom_n have_v thus_o put_v his_o army_n in_o battle-array_n he_o fall_v upon_o the_o city_n immediate_o with_o a_o undaunted_a courage_n those_o within_o make_v very_o stout_a opposition_n at_o first_o but_o the_o tartar_n press_v upon_o they_o furious_o get_v the_o better_a and_o at_o last_o drive_v they_o from_o the_o wall_n to_o which_o fix_v their_o scaling-ladder_n they_o quick_o become_v master_n of_o the_o same_o such_o be_v their_o extraordinary_a nimbleness_n and_o courage_n and_o now_o the_o chinese_n find_v themselves_o unable_a any_o long_o to_o oppose_v the_o enemy_n flee_v out_o of_o the_o city_n but_o the_o tartar_n kill_v a_o great_a number_n in_o the_o pursuit_n after_o the_o take_n of_o this_o city_n the_o tartar_n march_v on_o with_o his_o army_n without_o any_o stop_n or_o hindrance_n take_v by_o storm_n whatever_o other_o city_n oppose_v he_o but_o such_o as_o submit_v he_o command_v that_o none_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n shall_v suffer_v either_o in_o body_n or_o good_n when_o now_o the_o king_n of_o ninche_n have_v fill_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n with_o fear_n and_o dread_n of_o his_o army_n and_o have_v total_o conquer_a the_o same_o he_o march_v forward_o with_o the_o flower_n of_o his_o army_n into_o the_o province_n of_o peking_n make_v no_o haste_n till_o he_o be_v come_v within_o seven_o mile_n of_o the_o imperial_a city_n and_o there_o find_v several_a chinese_n army_n to_o lie_v round_o about_o he_o he_o pitch_v his_o camp_n in_o a_o very_a rich_a quarter_n not_o dare_v to_o advance_v any_o further_o up_o into_o the_o country_n whereas_o if_o he_o have_v march_v on_o he_o have_v in_o all_o probability_n carry_v all_o before_o he_o and_o may_v undoubted_o have_v take_v the_o imperial_a city_n the_o people_n be_v general_a consternate_v and_o their_o heart_n dead_a with_o fear_n insomuch_o that_o the_o emperor_n himself_o have_v already_o conclude_v to_o abandon_v the_o city_n of_o peking_n and_o with_o his_o whole_a family_n to_o retire_v towards_o the_o southern_a province_n but_o he_o be_v dissuade_v from_o it_o by_o his_o council_n yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o both_o these_o province_n be_v so_o fill_v with_o fear_n at_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o tartar_n that_o they_o leave_v their_o habitation_n both_o in_o city_n and_o country_n and_o flee_v into_o the_o wood_n and_o mountain_n with_o what_o they_o can_v well_o carry_v with_o they_o the_o enemy_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n lay_v waste_n several_a famous_a city_n and_o put_v all_o to_o fire_n and_o sword_n where_o he_o come_v the_o ninchean_a king_n who_o as_o we_o say_v dare_v not_o adventure_v to_o march_v against_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n have_v get_v good_a store_n of_o riches_n out_o of_o the_o other_o conquer_a city_n retreat_v back_o with_o his_o army_n to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n which_o be_v a_o very_a goodly_a city_n before_o he_o take_v it_o both_o for_o strength_n situation_n and_o fairness_n of_o building_n but_o be_v tell_v by_o his_o soothsayer_n that_o to_o let_v the_o old_a wall_n stand_v after_o he_o have_v win_v the_o place_n can_v bode_v nought_o but_o misfortune_n he_o cause_v they_o thereupon_o to_o be_v raze_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o new_a one_o build_v there_o be_v but_o two_o great_a city_n in_o all_o this_o province_n which_o be_v leaoyang_n and_o ningyven_v the_o rest_n be_v of_o a_o small_a circuit_n yet_o be_v they_o both_o populous_a and_o rich_a but_o with_o place_n of_o strength_n which_o exceed_v some_o city_n for_o bigness_n it_o exceed_o abound_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o place_n be_v very_o dull_a of_o understanding_n and_o so_o altogether_o incapable_a of_o learn_v any_o art_n and_o science_n but_o very_o healthful_a of_o constitution_n and_o strong_a of_o body_n therein_o much_o exceed_v the_o other_o chineses_n and_o the_o cause_n may_v be_v for_o that_o they_o be_v breed_v from_o the_o cradle_n to_o war_n and_o hardship_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o vicinity_n to_o the_o tartar_n who_o be_v perpetual_o make_v war_n upon_o they_o as_o to_o their_o manner_n and_o custom_n they_o resemble_v very_o much_o the_o tartar_n which_o come_v to_o pass_v by_o the_o great_a intercourse_n that_o â—s_v daily_o between_o they_o the_o country_n be_v in_o some_o place_n very_o hilly_a and_o mountainous_a and_o in_o other_o plain_a and_o even_o for_o many_o mile_n together_o yet_o every_o where_o very_o fruitful_a in_o the_o product_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o cattle_n both_o wild_a and_o tame_a as_o also_o in_o treeâ—_n and_o fruit_n of_o the_o field_n wholesome_a and_o medicinal_a both_o in_o their_o body_n leave_n fruit_n and_o root_n among_o other_o here_o grow_v that_o incomparable_a root_n gâ—â—seng_n whereof_o mention_n be_v make_v before_o there_o be_v also_o to_o be_v have_v store_n of_o rich_a fur_n as_o sable_n bever_n etc._n etc._n which_o they_o wear_v in_o winter_n to_o keep_v themselves_o warm_a and_o traffic_n with_o likewise_o into_o other_o province_n it_o also_o produce_v curious_a pine-apple_n excellent_a wheat_n and_o barley_n but_o no_o rice_n yet_o a_o great_a abundance_n of_o fig_n apple_n pear_n grape_n and_o several_a other_o sort_n of_o fruit_n which_o extraordinary_a plenty_n of_o all_o necessary_a thing_n of_o its_o own_o growth_n render_v it_o both_o pleasant_a and_o cheap_a to_o live_v in_o but_o much_o more_o in_o regard_n of_o its_o situation_n upon_o the_o sea_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v furnish_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o commodity_n from_o other_o country_n their_o religion_n be_v very_o little_a different_a from_o that_o of_o the_o other_o chineses_n be_v great_a promoter_n of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o transmigration_n of_o soul_n out_o of_o one_o body_n into_o another_o thus_o the_o tartar_n have_v make_v this_o place_n the_o seat_n of_o war_n whereby_o they_o can_v at_o pleasure_n invade_v the_o neighbour_a province_n the_o emperor_n and_o his_o council_n begin_v to_o consider_v which_o way_n be_v the_o most_o likely_a for_o they_o to_o drive_v the_o tartar_n out_o of_o their_o territory_n and_o at_o last_o they_o conclude_v to_o raise_v a_o army_n of_o 600000_o man_n over_o and_o above_o who_o the_o king_n of_o corea_n send_v to_o their_o assistance_n 12000_o valiant_a bowman_n who_o be_v not_o inferior_a for_o skill_n to_o the_o tartar_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o ninchean_a king_n be_v not_o idle_a but_o draw_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n as_o many_o force_n as_o can_v possible_o be_v spare_v to_o join_v with_o he_o be_v thus_o prepare_v for_o war_n on_o both_o side_n the_o chineses_n in_o the_o year_n 1619_o march_v with_o that_o formidable_a army_n against_o the_o enemy_n who_o hear_v of_o their_o approach_n set_v forward_o from_o their_o camp_n to_o meet_v they_o which_o soon_o happen_v but_o then_o such_o be_v the_o inveterate_a malice_n of_o both_o party_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o see_v each_o other_o the_o battle_n begin_v which_o be_v valiant_o fight_v for_o a_o long_a time_n by_o both_o army_n so_o that_o the_o victory_n hang_v in_o suspense_n nor_o can_v any_o judge_n who_o will_v have_v the_o better_a till_o at_o length_n the_o chineses_n run_v away_o in_o great_a disorder_n and_o confusion_n the_o slaughter_n be_v very_o great_a among_o they_o both_o of_o commander_n and_o soldier_n upon_o the_o spot_n those_o that_o escape_v carry_v the_o news_n of_o the_o overthrow_n to_o the_o emperor_n this_o great_a victory_n the_o ninchean_a king_n pursue_v with_o that_o expedition_n that_o he_o take_v several_a city_n and_o town_n some_o whereof_o they_o lay_v in_o ash_n and_o put_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o sword_n harrass_v and_o plunder_v up_o to_o the_o very_a wall_n of_o the_o city_n of_o peking_n though_o they_o dare_v not_o lay_v siege_n to_o it_o there_o be_v a_o garrison_n of_o eighty_o thousand_o man_n and_o and_o the_o place_n well_o fortify_v with_o great_a store_n of_o cannon_n upon_o the_o wall_n notwithstanding_o which_o provision_n such_o be_v the_o fear_n of_o the_o pekinger_n that_o if_o the_o tartar_n have_v but_o attempt_v they_o may_v have_v be_v master_n of_o that_o great_a city_n without_o any_o very_a hazardous_a opposition_n for_o the_o emperor_n be_v again_o full_o resolve_v as_o before_o to_o quit_v it_o and_o to_o retire_v to_o the_o southern_a province_n but_o some_o of_o his_o council_n now_o too_o late_o grow_v wise_a alter_v his_o purpose_n by_o tell_v he_o that_o it_o will_v encourage_v the_o enemy_n and_o not_o only_o put_v the_o whole_a empire_n into_o confusion_n but_o hazard_v the_o ruin_n if_o not_o the_o
a_o sort_n of_o wild_a people_n that_o live_v among_o the_o rock_n and_o mountain_n they_o begin_v the_o mischief_n and_o open_v the_o floodgate_n of_o rebellion_n by_o subtle_o oppose_v the_o authority_n that_o be_v over_o they_o their_o first_o work_n be_v to_o fall_v a_o plunder_v or_o in_o plain_a english_a steal_v without_o any_o exception_n of_o person_n whatsoever_o they_o can_v meet_v with_o in_o which_o their_o rebellious_a and_o unlawful_a undertake_v be_v successful_a they_o at_o last_o resolve_v to_o make_v a_o open_a war_n and_o to_o that_o end_n lay_v siege_n to_o chingtu_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n which_o they_o have_v without_o doubt_n take_v have_v not_o the_o abovementioned_a amazon_n opportune_o come_v to_o its_o rescue_n for_o these_o insolent_a and_o now_o command_a thief_n have_v hear_v of_o the_o fame_n of_o her_o extraordinary_a courage_n be_v strike_v with_o such_o a_o terror_n that_o upon_o the_o first_o inkling_n of_o her_o approach_n they_o immediate_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o leave_v the_o city_n with_o great_a loss_n but_o this_o though_o for_o a_o while_o it_o divert_v they_o yet_o it_o do_v not_o so_o deter_v they_o as_o to_o make_v they_o cease_v from_o any_o far_a attempt_n for_o return_v towards_o the_o mountain_n they_o present_o rally_v again_o and_o recruit_v their_o force_n with_o some_o fresh_a supply_n wherewith_o they_o continue_v to_o forage_v and_o spoil_v the_o country_n to_o heighten_v and_o encourage_v the_o insolence_n of_o these_o villain_n it_o happen_v that_o in_o the_o province_n of_o queicheu_fw-la there_o have_v pass_v a_o unjust_a sentence_n in_o a_o certain_a cause_n between_o two_o great_a man_n by_o reason_n whereof_o he_o against_o who_o the_o cause_n go_v endeavour_v the_o same_o reverse_v but_o notwithstanding_o all_o his_o endeavour_n as_o well_o by_o himself_o as_o friend_n and_o alliance_n there_o be_v no_o good_a to_o be_v do_v therein_o the_o robber_n after_o the_o raise_n of_o the_o siege_n keep_v themselves_o in_o great_a number_n upon_o the_o mountain_n without_o make_v any_o further_a disturbance_n but_o they_o send_v to_o this_o injure_a person_n to_o let_v he_o know_v that_o if_o he_o please_v to_o accept_v of_o their_o power_n they_o will_v stand_v by_o he_o with_o their_o life_n to_o help_v he_o to_o redress_v his_o wrong_n provide_v he_o will_v become_v their_o general_n and_o be_v assistant_n to_o they_o in_o the_o carry_v on_o of_o their_o design_n this_o great_a person_n possess_v yet_o with_o fury_n and_o a_o desire_n of_o revenge_n for_o the_o injury_n do_v he_o be_v not_o long_o in_o consult_v but_o present_o accept_v of_o their_o offer_n look_v upon_o the_o same_o as_o the_o best_a and_o most_o likely_a mean_n not_o only_o to_o repair_v his_o damage_n but_o to_o revenge_v himself_o also_o upon_o knowledge_n of_o this_o acceptance_n these_o robber_n submit_v with_o extraordinary_a alacrity_n to_o his_o command_n and_o authority_n wherein_o he_o be_v no_o soon_o invest_v but_o first_o of_o all_o they_o fall_v upon_o the_o judge_n that_o give_v the_o sentence_n who_o they_o immediate_o kill_v then_o they_o fall_v upon_o the_o army_n of_o the_o tutang_n or_o viceroy_n which_o they_o quick_o rout_v and_o put_v to_o slight_a but_o he_o rally_v his_o force_n turn_v back_o again_o upon_o they_o with_o such_o fury_n that_o he_o force_v they_o to_o fly_v into_o the_o mountain_n with_o a_o very_a great_a slaughter_n notwithstanding_o all_o which_o they_o recruit_v again_o but_o keep_v in_o their_o hold_n till_o they_o have_v a_o opportunity_n to_o show_v themselves_o again_o as_o they_o do_v in_o a_o short_a time_n after_o those_o depredation_n together_o with_o the_o infinite_a number_n of_o grasshopper_n which_o have_v destroy_v all_o the_o grass_n and_o fruit_n of_o the_o field_n in_o the_o seven_o northern_a province_n of_o china_n cause_v a_o scarcity_n of_o provision_n and_o consequent_o a_o great_a dearness_n give_v a_o very_a great_a occasion_n to_o the_o rise_n and_o increase_n of_o the_o number_n of_o these_o thief_n which_o happen_v chief_o in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la and_o xantung_n another_o provocation_n or_o instigation_n be_v that_o the_o emperor_n zungchinius_n be_v of_o a_o covetous_a and_o miserable_a nature_n will_v have_v notwithstanding_o the_o dearâ—h_n the_o usual_a yearly_a tax_n pay_v he_o as_o in_o a_o fruitful_a year_n which_o exaction_n set_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o those_o province_n upon_o plot_v against_o he_o and_o at_o length_n to_o join_v with_o the_o robber_n by_o who_o assistance_n in_o a_o short_a time_n they_o bring_v eight_o strong_a army_n into_o the_o field_n appoint_v for_o their_o general_n such_o as_o they_o count_v the_o most_o valiant_a man_n among_o they_o these_o robber_n and_o mutineer_n have_v now_o thus_o strengthen_v themselves_o with_o force_n and_o get_v great_a store_n of_o wealth_n by_o prey_v and_o steal_v resolve_v not_o to_o rest_v here_o but_o drive_v high_a design_n in_o their_o head_n and_o aim_v at_o great_a matter_n they_o begin_v to_o consult_v about_o reduce_v the_o whole_a empire_n under_o their_o subjection_n and_o dethrone_v the_o emperor_n for_o the_o accomplish_n whereof_o and_o advancing_z himself_o every_o one_o of_o the_o eight_o general_n think_v himself_o of_o sufficient_a strength_n to_o get_v that_o morsel_n and_o fancy_v himself_o capable_a and_o fit_a to_o bear_v so_o weighty_a a_o burden_n with_o which_o ambitious_a thought_n puff_v up_o each_o of_o they_o begin_v to_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o other_o every_o one_o be_v in_o hope_n to_o be_v conqueror_n and_o to_o encircle_v his_o head_n with_o the_o royal_a diadem_n and_o ennoble_v his_o posterity_n blood_n by_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o empire_n this_o war_n continue_v till_o six_o of_o the_o eight_o general_n be_v slay_v and_o only_o the_o two_o stout_a licungzus_n and_o changhienchungus_n leave_v alive_a to_o dispute_v the_o quarrel_n for_o the_o more_o easy_a bring_v this_o to_o pass_v each_o endeavour_v to_o win_v to_o his_o party_n the_o force_n of_o the_o other_o slay_v general_n to_o strengthen_v themselves_o for_o to_o such_o a_o height_n be_v their_o ambition_n grow_v that_o there_o be_v no_o thought_n of_o divide_v the_o stake_n between_o they_o each_o resolve_v to_o be_v aut_fw-la caesar_n aut_fw-la nihil_fw-la so_o strange_o be_v they_o lift_v up_o with_o the_o thought_n of_o sovereignty_n fill_v with_o these_o aspire_a thought_n these_o two_o general_n take_v several_a way_n to_o advance_v their_o interest_n and_o design_n licungzus_n with_o his_o force_n fall_v into_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la and_o honan_n but_o the_o other_o imagine_v to_o get_v the_o best_a booty_n in_o those_o of_o suchue_n and_o huquang_n march_v thither_o so_o that_o now_o they_o no_o long_o fight_v one_o against_o another_o as_o former_o but_o seek_v wealth_n and_o booty_n be_v remove_v to_o a_o great_a distance_n in_o these_o transaction_n the_o emperor_n concern_v begin_v to_o look_v with_o a_o have_v countenance_n as_o if_o the_o government_n itself_o be_v sudden_o to_o undergo_v some_o fatal_a alteration_n for_o the_o tartar_n who_o be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o these_o proceed_n have_v in_o their_o former_a war_n make_v such_o havoc_n of_o brave_a commander_n that_o there_o be_v hardly_o any_o left_a who_o knowledge_n in_o military_a discipline_n capacitate_v they_o for_o conduct_n of_o the_o force_n which_o be_v march_v to_o subdue_v these_o rebellious_a plunderer_n under_o the_o two_o general_n licungzus_n in_o the_o year_n 1641._o march_v with_o his_o army_n out_o of_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la after_o he_o have_v whole_o plunder_v and_o destroy_v its_o chief_a city_n into_o the_o plentiful_a province_n of_o honan_n direct_o to_o the_o famous_a city_n caifung_a which_o he_o present_o begird_v and_o block_v up_o so_o close_o that_o there_o be_v no_o go_v in_o nor_o come_v out_o but_o the_o place_n be_v well_o fortify_v and_o provide_v with_o a_o good_a garrison_n and_o provision_n the_o siege_n be_v soon_o raise_v and_o the_o besieger_n constrain_v to_o retire_v into_o the_o mountain_n not_o without_o very_o great_a loss_n of_o man_n but_o they_o have_v no_o soon_o recruit_v themselves_o but_o they_o return_v to_o the_o siege_n again_o with_o a_o intention_n to_o have_v surprise_v the_o same_o on_o a_o sudden_a but_o the_o citizen_n have_v private_o receive_v intelligence_n thereof_o and_o stand_v upon_o their_o guard_n hinder_v they_o from_o effect_v their_o design_n the_o enemy_n be_v thus_o twice_o frustrate_v in_o his_o hope_n and_o see_v no_o likelihood_n of_o take_v the_o city_n by_o force_n resolve_v to_o compel_v they_o to_o a_o surrender_n by_o a_o long_a and_o close_a siege_n and_o though_o it_o be_v a_o place_n at_o least_o three_o mile_n in_o circumference_n yet_o they_o surround_v the_o same_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o no_o
conduct_v they_o from_o canton_n to_o peking_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o emperor_n to_o the_o first_o feast_n at_o providore_n lipu_n house_n which_o be_v most_o noble_a and_o splendid_a to_o the_o same_o banquet_n or_o entertainment_n be_v also_o invite_v the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n suytadsen_n and_o lammas_n our_o ambassador_n sit_v on_o the_o same_o side_n of_o the_o table_n with_o he_o of_o the_o mogul_n and_o the_o other_o two_o over_o against_o they_o with_o their_o follower_n next_o unto_o they_o the_o dinner_n consist_v of_o two_o course_n the_o first_o table_n be_v full_a of_o fruit_n and_o dry_a sweetmeat_n and_o the_o second_o of_o boil_a and_o roast_a mutton_n beef_n and_o other_o meat_n for_o each_o of_o the_o ambassador_n and_o for_o two_o of_o their_o follower_n a_o particular_a table_n be_v cover_v with_o thirty_o silver_n dish_n full_a of_o rare_a fruit_n and_o sweetmeat_n the_o emperor_n controller_n who_o likewise_o appear_v at_o this_o feast_n represent_v the_o person_n of_o his_o majesty_n sit_v alone_o upon_o a_o broad_a side-board_n with_o his_o leg_n across_o like_o a_o tailor_n on_o his_o shopboard_n next_o he_o sit_v two_o other_o great_a lord_n who_o take_v order_n to_o see_v the_o ambassador_n well_o entertain_v the_o servant_n who_o bring_v the_o meat_n to_o the_o table_n and_o wait_v all_o dinnertime_n be_v no_o ordinary_a person_n but_o of_o good_a quality_n and_o clothe_v all_o in_o cloth_n of_o gold_n before_o the_o ambassador_n sit_v down_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o turn_v themselves_o towards_o the_o north_n and_o bow_v three_o time_n as_o if_o the_o emperor_n have_v be_v present_a and_o as_o they_o have_v do_v when_o they_o be_v before_o the_o imperial_a throne_n the_o banquet_n be_v take_v away_o the_o boil_a and_o roast_a meat_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o table_n but_o only_o in_o three_o dish_n and_o so_o ill_o dress_v that_o we_o hardly_o dare_v venture_v to_o taste_v of_o the_o cookery_n of_o the_o tartar_n dinner_n be_v almost_o end_v the_o emperor_n steward_n call_v his_o servant_n and_o give_v they_o all_o the_o dish_n which_o stand_v before_o he_o only_o he_o reserve_v one_o dish_n be_v a_o roast_a rib_n of_o a_o camel_n of_o which_o he_o eat_v so_o hearty_o as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v fast_v all_o that_o day_n this_o splendid_a treatment_n finish_v the_o ambassador_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n be_v to_o put_v up_o what_o they_o leave_v into_o their_o pocket_n to_o carry_v home_o it_o be_v a_o pleasant_a sight_n to_o see_v how_o these_o greasy_a tartar_n stuff_v their_o pocket_n and_o leather_n drawer_n of_o their_o breeches_n with_o fat_a meat_n that_o the_o liquor_n drop_v from_o they_o as_o they_o go_v along_o the_o street_n so_o greedy_a be_v they_o in_o eat_v and_o carry_v away_o that_o they_o be_v more_o like_a peasant_n than_o courtier_n after_o dinner_n the_o waiter_n bring_v up_o several_a gold_n and_o silver_n pot_n full_a of_o zamsou_n and_o pour_v it_o out_o into_o wooden_a dish_n or_o cup_n give_v round_o to_o the_o company_n drink_v of_o it_o lusty_o themselves_o they_o tell_v we_o that_o this_o drink_n be_v distil_v from_o new_a milk_n and_o come_v out_o of_o the_o emperor_n cellar_n and_o that_o this_o great_a favour_n and_o kindness_n be_v do_v to_o we_o because_o we_o come_v from_o so_o remote_a a_o country_n and_o so_o we_o must_v drink_v away_o sorrow_n and_o though_o this_o liquor_n be_v almost_o as_o strong_a as_o brandy_n yet_o the_o ambassador_n be_v force_v to_o pledge_v the_o steward_n several_a time_n and_o to_o take_v what_o be_v leave_v home_o with_o they_o but_o they_o give_v it_o away_o to_o the_o soldier_n and_o other_o who_o stand_v at_o the_o gate_n who_o be_v better_o please_v with_o it_o this_o dinner_n be_v thus_o end_v the_o ambassador_n as_o formerly_z must_v once_o more_o in_o thankfulness_n for_o this_o their_o splendid_a reception_n return_v to_o the_o emperor_n palace_n to_o perform_v their_o obedience_n which_o be_v likewise_o dispatch_v they_o retire_v to_o their_o lodging_n sufficient_o weary_a with_o the_o ceremony_n of_o that_o day_n the_o next_o day_n be_v appoint_v for_o the_o second_o treat_v come_v the_o under_o tatang_n or_o rix-providore_a to_o visit_v the_o ambassador_n in_o their_o lodging_n and_o ask_v they_o among_o other_o question_n whether_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o dutch_a can_v live_v under_o water_n for_o three_o day_n and_o three_o night_n together_o for_o thus_o have_v our_o enemy_n especial_o the_o portuguese_a jesuit_n report_v of_o we_o as_o also_o as_o have_v be_v say_v before_o that_o we_o have_v no_o country_n but_o live_v as_o pirate_n on_o the_o sea_n the_o ambassador_n satisfy_v he_o in_o every_o thing_n and_o tell_v he_o that_o they_o come_v thither_o to_o settle_v a_o continue_a trade_n and_o commerce_n in_o china_n as_o they_o do_v in_o several_a other_o kingdom_n wish_v that_o their_o business_n may_v be_v effect_v to_o all_o which_o the_o tutang_n reply_v that_o he_o desire_v nothing_o more_o and_o will_v endeavour_v to_o further_o and_o promote_v the_o same_o with_o all_o his_o power_n thereupon_o the_o ambassador_n acquaint_v his_o highness_n that_o as_o yet_o they_o have_v do_v very_o little_a in_o their_o business_n to_o which_o he_o answer_v that_o at_o present_a it_o can_v be_v no_o otherwise_o but_o if_o so_o be_v they_o will_v once_o more_o come_v and_o salute_v the_o emperor_n before_o they_o be_v admit_v as_o friend_n and_o subject_n he_o will_v then_o assure_v they_o that_o the_o hollander_n shall_v be_v allow_v to_o trade_n free_o in_o all_o the_o emperor_n dominion_n that_o they_o need_v not_o to_o put_v themselves_o to_o any_o great_a charge_n and_o that_o a_o few_o present_n will_v effect_v their_o desire_n the_o ambassador_n have_v be_v thus_o kind_o and_o noble_o receive_v and_o treat_v upon_o the_o first_o day_n as_o have_v be_v say_v go_v the_o next_o day_n at_o noon_n to_o the_o second_o imperial_a banquet_n where_o likewise_o repair_v the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n who_o sit_v over_o against_o our_o ambassador_n with_o some_o other_o mandorin_n and_o prime_a person_n of_o the_o empire_n they_o observe_v in_o short_a that_o the_o second_o providore_n be_v more_o kind_a and_o open-hearted_n to_o the_o mogul_n ambassador_n and_o to_o the_o moor_n and_o other_o guest_n than_o to_o they_o whereat_o they_o very_o much_o wonder_v and_o ask_v the_o interpreter_n what_o the_o cause_n may_v be_v who_o intimate_v that_o this_o great_a lord_n have_v not_o yet_o be_v present_v by_o they_o as_o he_o ought_v concern_v which_o omission_n the_o ambassanor_n take_v speedy_a order_n little_o suspect_v such_o neglect_n for_o they_o know_v not_o but_o that_o pinxenton_n and_o the_o canton_n mandorin_n have_v present_v all_o the_o grandee_n as_o they_o ought_v according_a to_o their_o quality_n have_v receive_v enough_o from_o they_o for_o that_o purpose_n at_o nank_v but_o mistrust_v that_o they_o be_v trepan_v as_o well_o by_o the_o servant_n as_o by_o the_o master_n they_o inquire_v civil_o how_o all_o their_o present_n have_v be_v dispose_v of_o which_o they_o in_o plain_a term_n refuse_v to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o allege_v that_o they_o dare_v not_o name_v those_o person_n of_o honour_n to_o who_o they_o be_v present_v lest_o it_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o emperor_n knowledge_n for_o this_o reason_n and_o because_o our_o business_n with_o the_o emperor_n be_v not_o yet_o dispatch_v as_o it_o ought_v the_o last_o banquet_n be_v defer_v till_o the_o 14._o of_o october_n upon_o that_o day_n the_o ambassador_n appear_v with_o all_o their_o follower_n to_o partake_v of_o the_o last_o treatment_n and_o now_o the_o second_o providore_n have_v be_v likewise_o present_v by_o they_o they_o be_v receive_v by_o he_o with_o all_o manner_n of_o seem_a respect_n and_o affection_n so_o great_a a_o alteration_n have_v the_o same_o wrought_v upon_o he_o that_o his_o carriage_n and_o language_n be_v both_o of_o another_o piece_n and_o colour_n all_o soft_a and_o melt_a have_v sit_v about_o a_o hour_n at_o the_o table_n and_o drink_v once_o or_o twice_o about_o they_o be_v afterward_o present_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o emperor_n with_o these_o follow_a present_n after_o this_o manner_n on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o hall_n where_o the_o ambassador_n be_v receive_v and_o treat_v stand_v two_o long_a table_n upon_o which_o the_o gift_n be_v spread_v in_o great_a order_n first_o of_o all_o they_o deliver_v the_o present_a for_o the_o general_n john_n maatzuiker_n which_o the_o ambassador_n receive_v kneel_v with_o both_o their_o hand_n after_o which_o they_o and_o all_o their_o follower_n be_v call_v by_o name_n and_o have_v each_o their_o present_n deliver_v to_o they_o likewise_o upon_o their_o knee_n last_o
quarter_n so_o that_o they_o be_v all_o continual_o busy_a about_o weighty_a affair_n but_o the_o number_n and_o good_a order_n of_o the_o officer_n very_o much_o facilitate_v their_o work_n for_o in_o each_o council_n be_v a_o precedent_n who_o they_o call_v ciu_o who_o have_v two_o assistant_n one_o on_o his_o right_a side_n call_v coxilam_n and_o another_o on_o his_o left_a term_v yeuxilam_n these_o three_o both_o at_o court_n and_o through_o the_o whole_a empire_n have_v the_o high_a dignity_n except_o those_o who_o sit_v in_o the_o supreme_a council_n call_v colao_n beside_o these_o three_o principal_a councillor_n there_o be_v belong_v to_o each_o council_n ten_o other_o who_o differ_v but_o little_a in_o dignity_n from_o the_o rest_n be_v always_o employ_v together_o with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o inferior_a officer_n as_o notary_n scribe_n secretaries_z and_o clerk_n the_o jesuit_n semedo_n in_o his_o relation_n of_o china_n mention_n several_a other_o council_n whereof_o some_o have_v a_o like_a authority_n with_o the_o beforementioned_a six_o all_o which_o be_v call_v in_o the_o chinese_n tongue_n cien_n cim_o and_o consist_v of_o several_a office_n belong_v particular_o to_o the_o king_n household_n the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v call_v thai_n lisu_n that_o be_v the_o council_n of_o the_o great_a audite_fw-la this_o office_n seem_v like_o the_o great_a chancery_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o therein_o all_o weighty_a affair_n receive_v a_o determination_n it_o consist_v of_o thirteen_o mandorin_n one_o councillor_n two_o assistant_n and_o ten_o under-officer_n the_o second_o be_v call_v quon_n losu_n and_o provide_v for_o their_o imperial_a majesty_n table_n and_o for_o all_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o emperor_n court._n this_o council_n have_v one_o councillor_n two_o assistant_n and_o six_o officer_n the_o three_o call_v thaipocusu_n have_v the_o power_n of_o the_o emperor_n stable_n and_o make_v provision_n of_o all_o post-horse_n for_o public_a use_n and_o service_n it_o consist_v of_o one_o councillor_n and_o six_o officer_n beside_o all_o these_o there_o be_v yet_o another_o council_n high_o than_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o of_o the_o great_a dignity_n have_v place_n next_o the_o emperor_n in_o all_o public_a solemnity_n those_o that_o sit_v in_o this_o council_n be_v call_v colaos_n be_v seldom_o above_o four_o or_o six_o in_o number_n and_o the_o most_o select_a person_n of_o all_o the_o other_o council_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o be_v honour_v and_o reverence_v according_o no_o private_a affair_n be_v bring_v to_o they_o for_o they_o only_o mind_v the_o public_a good_a and_o government_n sit_v with_o the_o emperor_n in_o private_a council_n for_o the_o abovementioned_a six_o council_n intermeddle_v not_o with_o the_o affoirs_n of_o the_o state_n as_o to_o make_v any_o conclusion_n upon_o they_o they_o be_v only_o to_o debate_n and_o consult_v and_o afterward_o by_o way_n of_o petition_n to_o offer_v their_o advice_n to_o the_o emperor_n who_o either_o alter_v or_o confirm_v what_o they_o have_v do_v according_a as_o he_o see_v cause_n but_o in_o regard_n he_o will_v not_o seem_v whole_o to_o rely_v upon_o his_o own_o judgement_n some_o of_o the_o chief_a philosopher_n always_o attend_v upon_o this_o colaos_n or_o council_n and_o come_v daily_o to_o the_o palace_n to_o answer_v petition_n which_o be_v bring_v continual_o to_o the_o emperor_n in_o great_a number_n this_o last_o conclusion_n the_o emperor_n sign_v with_o his_o own_o hand_n that_o so_o afterward_o his_o command_n may_v be_v execute_v there_o be_v yet_o two_o council_n more_o whereof_o the_o one_o be_v call_v choli_fw-la and_o the_o other_o tauli_n each_o consist_v of_o above_o sixty_o person_n all_o choice_a philosopher_n and_o wise_a man_n who_o fidelity_n and_o prudence_n both_o the_o emperor_n and_o people_n sufficient_o have_v approve_v and_o therefore_o they_o hold_v they_o in_o great_a honour_n and_o esteem_v with_o these_o his_o majesty_n advise_v upon_o all_o extraordinary_a and_o weighty_a affair_n but_o more_o especial_o when_o any_o thing_n have_v be_v commit_v against_o the_o law_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v several_a other_o council_n whereof_o the_o chief_a be_v call_v han_n lin_n yven_v where_o be_v employ_v none_o but_o learned_a man_n who_o busy_a themselves_o with_o no_o affair_n of_o the_o government_n yet_o exceed_v all_o in_o dignity_n except_o such_o as_o sit_v at_o the_o helm_n their_o charge_n be_v to_o take_v care_n of_o the_o emperor_n write_n to_o compile_v year-book_n and_o write_v law_n and_o order_n from_o among_o these_o be_v choose_v governor_n and_o tutor_n for_o the_o prince_n they_o only_o be_v concern_v in_o matter_n of_o learning_n wherein_o as_o they_o grow_v more_o and_o more_o excellent_a they_o mount_v by_o several_a step_n to_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o honour_n come_v afterward_o to_o be_v employ_v in_o place_n of_o the_o great_a dignity_n in_o the_o court_n neither_o be_v any_o choose_v into_o the_o great_a colao_n who_o have_v not_o first_o be_v of_o this_o council_n they_o delight_v in_o poetry_n and_o get_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o money_n by_o their_o write_n as_o in_o make_v of_o epitaph_n poem_n and_o the_o like_a to_o pleasure_v their_o friend_n and_o very_o happy_a he_o esteem_v himself_o that_o can_v obtain_v such_o a_o favour_n of_o they_o the_o government_n of_o the_o city_n nank_v where_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n former_o keep_v their_o court_n be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o peking_n save_v that_o at_o nank_v the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o colao_n be_v not_o in_o be_v but_o the_o esteem_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o council_n here_o be_v as_o much_o eclipse_v for_o want_n of_o as_o at_o peking_n it_o be_v advance_v by_o the_o emperor_n presence_n thus_o far_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o government_n in_o general_a in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o will_v treat_v of_o particular_a and_o provincial_a jurisdiction_n the_o whole_a empire_n be_v divide_v into_o fifteen_o province_n in_o the_o principal_a city_n whereof_o the_o chief_a and_o supreme_a court_n of_o judicature_n reside_v differ_v little_a in_o method_n and_o rule_n from_o those_o of_o peking_n and_o nank_v and_o so_o not_o consequent_o one_o from_o another_o the_o regiment_n of_o each_o province_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o care_n and_o fidelity_n of_o two_o person_n who_o they_o call_v pucinsu_n and_o manganzasu_fw-la the_o first_o whereof_o intermeddle_v only_o with_o civil_a affair_n and_o the_o other_o be_v altogether_o concern_v in_o criminal_a matter_n they_o have_v both_o their_o seat_n of_o judicature_n in_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o their_o province_n and_o live_v in_o great_a magnificence_n have_v beside_o several_a officer_n assistant_n unto_o they_o as_o also_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n call_v tauli_n who_o in_o regard_n they_o command_v over_o some_o other_o inferior_a city_n it_o often_o happen_v that_o they_o be_v absent_a from_o the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o province_n to_o take_v care_n of_o their_o employment_n all_o the_o fifteen_o province_n as_o have_v be_v already_o say_v be_v subdivide_v into_o several_a other_o less_o portion_n which_o the_o chineses_n call_v furio_n over_o each_o of_o which_o be_v appoint_v a_o governor_n call_v gifu_n these_o division_n be_v again_o proportion_v into_o great_a and_o small_a city_n the_o first_o whereof_o they_o call_v ceu_fw-la and_o the_o last_o hien_n each_o have_v a_o particular_a magistrate_n which_o in_o the_o great_a city_n be_v call_v ciceu_n and_o in_o the_o less_o be_v name_v cihien_n for_o ci_o signify_v to_o govern._n every_o principal_a governor_n of_o these_o city_n be_v aid_v by_o three_o councillor_n who_o assist_v they_o with_o advice_n in_o all_o their_o affair_n and_o undertake_n the_o first_o be_v call_v hun_n chim_z the_o second_o chu_n phu_o and_o the_o three_o tun_n su_n and_o have_v their_o particular_a court_n and_o judicature_n but_o the_o governor_n over_o the_o whole_a division_n have_v no_o more_o authority_n in_o the_o place_n of_o his_o residence_n than_o in_o the_o other_o city_n under_o his_o command_n true_a it_o be_v he_o may_v condemn_v a_o malefactor_n to_o die_v but_o he_o can_v put_v the_o sentence_n in_o execution_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o rest_n that_o be_v join_v in_o commission_n with_o he_o but_o in_o regard_n a_o account_n must_v be_v give_v of_o the_o whole_a management_n of_o affair_n and_o the_o transaction_n of_o all_o the_o province_n at_o the_o court_n at_o peking_n therefore_o in_o each_o province_n there_o be_v appoint_v two_o other_o great_a officer_n by_o the_o court_n who_o in_o eminency_n of_o honour_n and_o grandeur_n of_o commission_n exceed_v the_o rest_n the_o one_o of_o these_o always_o reside_v in_o some_o of_o the_o province_n and_o be_v call_v tutang_n the_o other_o be_v send_v yearly_o from_o the_o court_n at_o peking_n and_o
call_v chayven_v the_o first_o have_v a_o superintendent_n power_n over_o the_o other_o magistrate_n and_o subject_n command_v the_o soldiery_n and_o be_v concern_v in_o all_o the_o chief_a office_n of_o the_o empire_n by_o reason_n whereof_o he_o be_v not_o inferior_a to_o the_o great_a vice-roys_n in_o europe_n either_o for_o power_n or_o pomp._n he_o continue_v three_o year_n in_o the_o employment_n and_o all_o that_o time_n have_v constant_o courier_n go_v to_o and_o come_v from_o court_n and_o this_o because_o he_o must_v daily_o give_v a_o account_n of_o what_o pass_v in_o his_o province_n at_o his_o first_o go_v from_o court_n several_a person_n of_o great_a quality_n who_o also_o be_v of_o his_o council_n be_v send_v to_o wait_v upon_o he_o to_o his_o palace_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o city_n and_o town_n through_o which_o he_o pass_v go_v out_o to_o meet_v he_o with_o great_a respect_n and_o accompany_v he_o good_a part_n of_o his_o way_n both_o on_o horseback_n and_o on_o foot_n with_o great_a honour_n and_o reverence_n at_o length_n when_o he_o be_v arrive_v within_o three_o mile_n of_o the_o capital_a city_n wherein_o he_o be_v to_o make_v his_o residence_n the_o garrison_n of_o the_o place_n excellent_o accommodate_v meet_v he_o to_o guard_v and_o conduct_v he_o after_o who_o follow_v the_o magistrate_n with_o the_o chief_a citizen_n the_o office_n of_o the_o second_o call_v chayven_v which_o signify_v a_o examiner_n be_v likewise_o a_o place_n of_o great_a trust_n and_o command_n but_o as_o be_v say_v expire_v with_o the_o year_n this_o officer_n receive_v so_o large_a a_o commission_n from_o the_o emperor_n that_o he_o may_v supervise_v and_o inspect_v all_o manner_n of_o affair_n as_o well_o civil_a as_o military_a and_o this_o he_o do_v give_v a_o account_n thereof_o to_o the_o emperor_n who_o thereupon_o immediate_o send_v he_o further_o order_n what_o to_o do_v therein_o he_o alone_o among_o all_o the_o magistrate_n cause_n the_o sentence_n of_o life_n and_o death_n and_o other_o corporal_a punishment_n to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n through_o the_o whole_a province_n so_o that_o all_o person_n equal_o fear_v and_o reverence_v he_o beside_o these_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o emperor_n there_o be_v another_o examiner_n call_v likewise_o tutang_n but_o he_o be_v send_v by_o the_o empress_n from_o time_n to_o time_n and_o his_o business_n be_v only_o to_o visit_v the_o prison_n of_o the_o province_n with_o a_o full_a power_n to_o release_v all_o such_o from_o they_o as_o have_v be_v put_v in_o for_o trivial_a matter_n he_o have_v a_o very_a great_a regard_n to_o the_o poor_a his_o chief_a office_n be_v to_o perform_v deed_n of_o charity_n and_o extend_v compassion_n in_o every_o province_n be_v also_o a_o treasurer_n who_o take_v care_n of_o the_o royal_a revenue_n arise_v within_o the_o whole_a province_n he_o receive_v his_o commission_n from_o the_o rix-council_n appoint_v for_o the_o emperor_n revenue_n with_o he_o be_v join_v two_o assistant_n who_o both_o reside_v in_o his_o palace_n and_o he_o have_v under_o he_o twenty_o six_o mandorin_n who_o be_v employ_v in_o several_a office_n he_o receive_v and_o take_v a_o account_n of_o all_o the_o toll_v imposition_n and_o royal_a tax_n take_v a_o special_a care_n of_o all_o weight_n and_o measure_n and_o determine_v all_o cause_n and_o difference_n that_o arise_v about_o the_o emperor_n revenue_n he_o be_v the_o person_n that_o pay_v all_o salary_n wage_n and_o annuity_n whether_o it_o be_v to_o the_o magistrate_n the_o emperor_n kindred_n or_o soldier_n and_o likewise_o disburse_v all_o money_n to_o be_v lay_v out_o for_o repair_v of_o bridge_n street_n and_o common_a edifice_n such_o as_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o mandorin_n the_o four_o council_n be_v begin_v cha_n sci_n who_o business_n be_v to_o inflict_v or_o pass_v sentence_n for_o corporal_a punishment_n the_o fifth-council_n take_v care_n to_o improve_v and_o reward_v learning_n and_o knowledge_n and_o thus_o i_o have_v give_v you_o a_o account_n of_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o rix-council_n in_o china_n but_o before_o i_o conclude_v with_o their_o method_n of_o government_n it_o will_v be_v worth_a our_o labour_n to_o make_v some_o mention_n of_o the_o strange_a and_o unusual_a custom_n use_v among_o they_o which_o other_o nation_n have_v hardly_o hear_v of_o and_o first_o of_o all_o it_o be_v very_o observable_a that_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v sway_v by_o philosopher_n to_o who_o not_o only_o the_o people_n but_o the_o grandee_n of_o the_o court_n yield_v a_o awful_a reverence_n insomuch_o that_o they_o submit_v with_o all_o humility_n to_o receive_v correction_n from_o they_o as_o child_n from_o a_o master_n by_o these_o philosopher_n be_v all_o military_a affair_n order_v over_o which_o they_o be_v appoint_v as_o overseer_n and_o their_o counsel_n and_o opinion_n make_v great_a impression_n upon_o the_o emperor_n than_o all_o the_o most_o admirable_a observation_n of_o the_o commander_n themselves_o who_o be_v very_o seldom_o and_o then_o but_o some_o few_o take_v into_o the_o council_n but_o that_o which_o will_v appear_v yet_o more_o strange_a be_v that_o these_o philosopher_n far_o exceed_v the_o military_a commander_n in_o courage_n and_o fidelity_n and_o will_v hazard_v their_o person_n beyond_o any_o of_o they_o in_o the_o most_o imminent_a danger_n for_o the_o good_a of_o their_o prince_n and_o country_n second_o but_o that_o which_o indeed_o to_o our_o european_a world_n will_v seem_v most_o admirable_a be_v the_o good_a understanding_n and_o perfect_a unanimity_n which_o be_v constant_o hold_v between_o the_o high_a and_o the_o inferior_a magistrate_n as_o also_o between_o the_o governor_n of_o province_n and_o the_o rix-council_n and_o between_o those_o and_o the_o emperor_n himself_o declare_v by_o that_o mutual_a respect_n and_o affection_n which_o they_o bear_v to_o one_o another_o in_o make_v visit_n and_o send_v present_n upon_o all_o occasion_n for_o the_o continuation_n of_o this_o so_o well_o knit_v correspondence_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o this_o constant_a and_o strict_a amity_n the_o inferior_a magistrate_n never_o speak_v to_o the_o chief_a minister_n of_o state_n but_o upon_o their_o knee_n and_o that_o with_o singular_a civility_n and_o profound_a respect_n with_o like_a respect_n and_o submissive_a carriage_n the_o subject_n behave_v themselves_o to_o the_o governor_n and_o ruler_n of_o city_n three_o no_o person_n continue_v in_o office_n through_o the_o whole_a empire_n long_o than_o three_o year_n unless_o he_o be_v confirm_v anew_o by_o the_o emperor_n which_o happen_v very_o seldom_o because_o as_o every_o man_n merit_v by_o his_o upright_a carriage_n and_o deportment_n he_o be_v still_o advance_v to_o high_a and_o more_o noble_a promotion_n and_o certain_o this_o be_v do_v upon_o great_a and_o political_a reason_n of_o state_n as_o to_o prevent_v any_o such_o governor_n from_o contract_v near_o friendship_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n whereby_o to_o draw_v their_o affection_n to_o a_o by-interest_n on_o his_o part_n to_o undertake_v faction_n or_o novelty_n against_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o prince_n for_o the_o better_a bring_v to_o pass_v whereof_o all_o the_o chief_a governor_n of_o province_n division_n and_o city_n be_v bind_v to_o appear_v every_o three_o year_n at_o the_o emperor_n court_n to_o do_v homage_n and_o obedience_n to_o he_o at_o which_o time_n a_o strict_a account_n be_v take_v of_o their_o carriage_n and_o behaviour_n in_o their_o several_a place_n and_o after_o a_o through_o examination_n of_o all_o matter_n the_o emperor_n and_o his_o council_n determine_v who_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v continue_v who_o to_o be_v cashier_v who_o to_o be_v prefer_v and_o last_o who_o to_o be_v punish_v and_o this_o without_o any_o respect_n of_o person_n likewise_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o emperor_n to_o make_v any_o alteration_n in_o what_o be_v conclude_v by_o the_o council_n and_o judge_n upon_o this_o examination_n which_o be_v so_o severe_a and_o impartial_a that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n only_o the_o great_a person_n offend_v be_v punish_v and_o to_o this_o purpose_n we_o read_v that_o in_o the_o year_n 1607._o so_o strict_a a_o examination_n be_v make_v that_o four_o thousand_o principal_a magistrate_n who_o have_v misbehave_v themselves_o receive_v reward_n just_o due_a to_o their_o demerit_n the_o person_n so_o condemn_v be_v divide_v according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o their_o crime_n into_o five_o rank_n under_o the_o first_o be_v comprehend_v such_o as_o take_v bribe_n and_o enrich_v themselves_o out_o of_o the_o emperor_n treasury_n these_o be_v turn_v out_o be_v for_o ever_o make_v incapable_a of_o bear_v any_o public_a office_n under_o the_o second_o rank_n be_v set_v down_o those_o who_o be_v too_o cruel_a in_o their_o punishment_n these_o be_v likewise_o turn_v out_o of_o their_o place_n and_o send_v home_o
find_v guilty_a of_o robbery_n he_o be_v brand_v upon_o the_o arm_n with_o a_o hot_a iron_n with_o two_o character_n if_o the_o three_o time_n he_o be_v brand_v in_o the_o forehead_n but_o if_o he_o commit_v the_o like_a fault_n the_o four_o time_n he_o be_v then_o whip_v and_o banish_v this_o neglect_n of_o punish_v rogue_n for_o steal_v be_v the_o cause_n why_o china_n do_v swarm_v so_o very_a much_o with_o thief_n and_o vagrant_n but_o since_o the_o tartar_n have_v be_v conqueror_n of_o this_o empire_n they_o have_v with_o great_a prudence_n and_o strictness_n redress_v those_o abuse_n and_o put_v the_o law_n in_o force_n against_o all_o offender_n insomuch_o that_o when_o i_o be_v in_o china_n petty_a offence_n be_v make_v criminal_a for_o he_o that_o be_v find_v guilty_a of_o the_o least_o fault_n be_v punish_v with_o death_n in_o the_o execution_n of_o which_o sentence_n as_o soon_o as_o any_o one_o be_v condemn_v to_o die_v his_o hand_n be_v bind_v behind_o he_o with_o a_o board_n upon_o his_o back_n whereon_o be_v write_v his_o offence_n and_o so_o bind_v he_o be_v lead_v by_o the_o sheriff_n into_o a_o open_a place_n according_a to_o custom_n either_o within_o or_o without_o the_o city_n and_o there_o he_o be_v behead_v without_o any_o further_a ceremony_n if_o it_o happen_v that_o any_o be_v pardon_v and_o have_v their_o life_n spare_v they_o they_o be_v punish_v with_o that_o extreme_a severity_n that_o oftentimes_o they_o choose_v rather_o to_o die_v than_o to_o undergo_v the_o torture_n which_o they_o must_v suffer_v to_o preserve_v their_o life_n which_o be_v after_o this_o manner_n two_o lusty_a fellow_n be_v command_v to_o beat_v the_o criminal_a upon_o the_o calf_n of_o his_o leg_n till_o all_o the_o sinew_n and_o nerve_n be_v miserable_o tear_v and_o bruise_v if_o not_o break_v and_o this_o be_v their_o ordinary_a method_n of_o punishment_n which_o be_v inflict_v without_o any_o distinction_n of_o person_n now_o as_o the_o punishment_n be_v severe_a to_o prevent_v all_o disorder_n and_o robbery_n which_o stir_v up_o this_o severity_n there_o be_v strict_a watch_n keep_v every_o night_n in_o the_o street_n which_o go_v the_o round_n through_o the_o city_n at_o certain_a hour_n as_o the_o guard_n 〈◊〉_d use_v to_o do_v in_o the_o best_a govern_v city_n of_o europe_n chap._n v._n of_o their_o ceremony_n and_o manner_n of_o burial_n and_o of_o their_o tomb_n or_o monument_n by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n it_o may_v appear_v that_o the_o chineses_n may_v be_v compare_v in_o many_o thing_n which_o concern_v their_o manner_n of_o live_v with_o the_o philosopher_n and_o virtuoso_n of_o europe_n but_o they_o differ_v very_o much_o in_o thing_n relate_v to_o funeral_n among_o which_o this_o may_v be_v reckon_v the_o first_o that_o those_o of_o europe_n seldom_o think_v of_o their_o mortality_n and_o so_o consequent_o take_v little_a or_o no_o care_n of_o their_o burial_n while_o they_o be_v live_v but_o the_o chineses_n be_v in_o nothing_o more_o serious_a and_o solicitous_a than_o to_o provide_v for_o their_o interment_n whilst_o they_o live_v and_o be_v in_o perfect_a health_n and_o that_o ignorance_n may_v be_v no_o excuse_n they_o put_v down_o in_o write_v how_o they_o will_v have_v the_o same_o perform_v strict_o charge_v their_o child_n upon_o their_o deathbed_n and_o and_o even_o at_o their_o last_o gasp_n to_o observe_v their_o order_n now_o there_o be_v one_o custom_n through_o the_o whole_a country_n inviolable_o observe_v which_o be_v never_o to_o bury_v any_o one_o without_o a_o coffin_n though_o it_o be_v a_o child_n but_o of_o two_o day_n old_a for_o every_o person_n according_a to_o his_o quality_n be_v lay_v into_o a_o coffin_n make_v of_o the_o best_a sort_n of_o wood_n their_o ability_n will_v reach_v to_o but_o person_n of_o more_o eminency_n be_v at_o far_o great_a charge_n for_o a_o rich_a repository_n for_o their_o poor_a carcase_n the_o first_o ceremony_n they_o observe_v when_o they_o perceive_v the_o patient_n to_o lie_v a_o die_a be_v this_o they_o take_v he_o and_o lay_v he_o upon_o a_o mat_n carry_v he_o into_o the_o outward_a hall_n of_o the_o house_n there_o to_o breathe_v his_o last_o and_o this_o custom_n though_o it_o carry_v somewhat_o of_o barbarism_n in_o it_o be_v observe_v through_o the_o whole_a empire_n by_o the_o commonalty_n but_o for_o what_o reason_n i_o can_v never_o learn_v notwithstanding_o all_o the_o diligence_n of_o my_o curious_a and_o pry_a inquiry_n but_o among_o the_o better_a sort_n a_o person_n of_o equal_a quality_n with_o themselves_o be_v suffer_v to_o die_v in_o bed_n another_o fantastic_a humour_n here_o be_v whilst_o the_o sick_a party_n be_v breathe_v forth_o his_o last_o the_o elder_a of_o his_o son_n put_v on_o his_o bonnet_n or_o cap_n and_o come_v to_o the_o bed_n in_o a_o distract_a manner_n tear_v the_o curtain_n and_o cover_v therewith_o the_o dead_a body_n which_o after_o it_o have_v lie_v a_o convenient_a time_n be_v wash_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n and_o wrap_v either_o in_o very_o fine_a linen_n or_o silk_n some_o be_v yet_o more_o extravagant_a and_o will_v dress_v out_o the_o corpse_n with_o new_a clothes_n and_o after_o they_o be_v embalm_v set_v they_o at_o a_o table_n well_o furnish_v with_o provision_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o this_o a_o great_a but_o not_o much_o commendable_a fashion_n among_o the_o grandee_n the_o near_a relation_n of_o the_o decease_a be_v invite_v to_o this_o solemn_a though_o mournful_a entertainment_n who_o entreat_v he_o to_o eat_v and_o be_v merry_a with_o they_o as_o if_o he_o be_v live_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o priest_n be_v busy_v in_o sing_v and_o perform_a the_o other_o usual_a ceremony_n as_o to_o the_o mourn_a habit_n it_o differ_v from_o all_o country_n that_o i_o have_v see_v not_o only_o for_o its_o colour_n which_o general_o be_v white_a but_o for_o the_o form_n and_o shape_n of_o it_o for_o son_n when_o they_o mourn_v for_o their_o father_n they_o clothe_v themselves_o for_o the_o first_o month_n in_o a_o course_n stiff_a habit_n hang_v down_o to_o their_o heel_n and_o tie_v about_o the_o middle_a with_o a_o cord_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o monk_n of_o the_o franciscan_a order_n but_o although_o they_o lie_v aside_o that_o habit_n then_o yet_o it_o be_v a_o constant_a custom_n for_o child_n to_o mourn_v three_o year_n for_o their_o parent_n the_o reason_n whereof_o they_o allege_v in_o their_o book_n to_o be_v this_o because_o that_o parent_n carry_v their_o child_n for_o the_o three_o first_o year_n of_o their_o infancy_n in_o their_o arm_n with_o great_a care_n and_o trouble_v and_o therefore_o the_o child_n ought_v to_o requite_v their_o affection_n and_o kindness_n by_o show_v their_o duty_n in_o mourn_v after_o this_o manner_n but_o the_o time_n of_o mourn_v for_o other_o friend_n be_v much_o abbreviate_v sometime_o it_o last_v a_o year_n otherwhiles_o but_o three_o month_n according_a as_o they_o stand_v relate_v or_o affect_v to_o one_o another_o the_o legal_a time_n of_o mourn_v for_o the_o death_n of_o the_o emperor_n or_o empress_n be_v former_o three_o year_n and_o this_o outward_a show_n of_o sorrow_n extend_v even_o to_o the_o furthermost_a confine_n of_o the_o empire_n but_o now_o with_o the_o emperor_n consent_n which_o be_v open_o proclaim_v the_o month_n be_v turn_v into_o day_n so_o that_o at_o the_o present_a they_o mourn_v but_o only_o one_o month_n for_o his_o death_n but_o still_o the_o extent_n reach_v over_o all_o his_o dominion_n all_o the_o funeral_n ceremony_n be_v write_v in_o a_o large_a book_n which_o those_o concern_v peruse_v when_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n die_v whereby_o they_o know_v how_o to_o order_v his_o burial_n as_o soon_o as_o any_o nobleman_n be_v dead_a the_o son_n or_o who_o be_v next_o relate_v to_o he_o in_o blood_n signify_v the_o same_o by_o a_o book_n to_o all_o his_o kindred_n and_o friend_n upon_o the_o three_o or_o four_o day_n wherein_o the_o mourn_a be_v set_v forth_o in_o the_o usual_a term_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o corpse_n be_v incoffine_v and_o place_v in_o the_o hall_n or_o chamber_n which_o be_v hang_v with_o white_a linen_n in_o the_o middle_n whereof_o be_v erect_v a_o altar_n whereon_o be_v place_v the_o corpse_n and_o portraiture_n of_o the_o decease_a into_o this_o room_n come_v all_o the_o kindred_n and_o friend_n upon_o the_o three_o or_o four_o day_n clad_v in_o mourn_v and_o bring_v incense_n and_o wax-light_n to_o the_o altar_n which_o be_v once_o light_v and_o burn_a they_o tender_v their_o respect_n to_o the_o dead_a in_o bow_v and_o fall_v upon_o their_o knee_n four_o time_n a_o while_n before_o burn_v a_o little_a incense_n over_o against_o the_o coffin_n and_o
which_o be_v write_v some_o chinese_n character_n that_o foretell_v thing_n that_o shall_v come_v to_o pass_v on_o the_o side_n stand_v several_a vessel_n with_o incense_n burn_v and_o in_o the_o middle_n be_v a_o wooden_a dish_n with_o several_a offering_n in_o it_o which_o the_o priest_n when_o they_o will_v know_v or_o foretell_v any_o thing_n bring_v to_o the_o altar_n and_o offer_v up_o to_o this_o image_n now_o the_o chief_a offering_n at_o such_o time_n be_v either_o rice_n wine_n or_o the_o entrail_n of_o beast_n which_o be_v ceremonious_o dispose_v the_o priest_n draw_v some_o reed_n out_o of_o the_o bambo_n basket_n and_o if_o they_o be_v in_o his_o opinion_n portentous_a of_o ill_a he_o draw_v out_o other_o till_o he_o have_v draw_v such_o as_o he_o believe_v prognosticate_v good_n in_o this_o interim_n the_o incense_n burn_v and_o at_o last_o the_o priest_n fall_v upon_o his_o knee_n and_o mumble_v one_o thing_n or_o other_o to_o himself_o whereby_o he_o intend_v to_o pacify_v the_o idol_n and_o get_v he_o to_o favour_v his_o suit_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xansi_fw-la in_o the_o city_n of_o taâ—ven_n be_v a_o temple_n dedicate_v to_o siangus_fw-la the_o wise_a of_o their_o emperor_n and_o of_o the_o family_n of_o chaus_n it_o be_v report_v in_o their_o history_n that_o this_o image_n which_o be_v make_v of_o very_o precious_a stone_n be_v finish_v rise_v up_o of_o itself_o and_o go_v to_o the_o place_n which_o be_v appoint_v for_o its_o station_n at_o leugan_n upon_o the_o mountain_n peco_n which_o signify_v the_o mountain_n of_o fruit_n be_v found_v a_o temple_n in_o honour_n of_o the_o emperor_n xiâ—â—ungus_n near_o which_o stand_v a_o famous_a well_o now_o according_a to_o the_o saâ—ing_n of_o the_o chinese_n xinnungus_n receive_v divers_a sort_n of_o seed_n from_o a_o unknown_a person_n and_o receive_v direction_n in_o what_o manner_n he_o shall_v sow_v the_o same_o to_o gain_v a_o plentiful_a harvest_n which_o he_o have_v experiment_v teach_v to_o his_o subject_n for_o which_o benefit_n they_o erect_v this_o temple_n to_o his_o memory_n at_o very_o great_a charge_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la in_o the_o city_n of_o hanchang_n be_v five_o temple_n whereof_o one_o be_v dedicate_v to_o the_o emperor_n cangleangus_fw-la because_o he_o have_v cause_v a_o way_n to_o be_v cut_v through_o the_o mountain_n and_o in_o perpetual_a memory_n of_o this_o his_o great_a undertake_v this_o temple_n be_v erect_v in_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o kingang_n be_v three_o temple_n full_a of_o image_n and_o in_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n in_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o cinan_n be_v several_a near_o to_o yencheu_o in_o the_o city_n of_o ceu_fw-la be_v fifteen_o stately_a temple_n dedicate_v to_o helvutius_fw-la and_o other_o renown_a hero_n in_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n in_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o chingtu_n be_v one_o build_v to_o the_o memory_n of_o king_n cancungus_fw-la because_o he_o teach_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o kingdom_n the_o art_n of_o raise_v and_o prepare_v of_o silkworm_n in_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n near_o to_o kiun_n be_v a_o large_a hill_n call_v vutang_n upon_o which_o be_v erect_v several_a structure_n with_o cloister_n for_o priest_n and_o the_o reason_n thereof_o may_v be_v for_o that_o here_o all_o priest_n receive_v their_o introduction_n who_o follow_v and_o teach_v the_o inward_a approve_a doctrine_n of_o the_o separation_n of_o soul_n and_o body_n in_o the_o province_n of_o nank_v near_o to_o the_o chief_a city_n ningque_n stand_v a_o very_a high_a and_o beautiful_a edifice_n call_v hiangsin_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o well-scented_n heart_n and_o dedicate_v to_o five_o virgin_n who_o be_v assault_v by_o such_o as_o will_v have_v ravish_v they_o rather_o choose_v to_o die_v than_o have_v their_o virginity_n violate_v in_o honour_n of_o who_o chastity_n the_o inhabitant_n erect_v these_o temple_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n and_o in_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o hangcheu_fw-la be_v find_v very_o many_o of_o these_o building_n to_o which_o belong_v several_a thousand_o of_o priest_n at_o nank_v on_o the_o mountain_n ni_fw-fr stand_v one_o of_o these_o fabric_n that_o have_v at_o least_o a_o thousand_o image_n to_o it_o and_o to_o every_o image_n ten_o priest_n and_o indeed_o to_o shorten_v this_o relation_n there_o be_v hardly_o a_o mountain_n or_o hill_n in_o china_n of_o any_o note_n but_o have_v a_o temple_n upon_o it_o with_o priest_n belong_v to_o it_o in_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n near_o to_o the_o city_n cinggan_n lie_v a_o great_a hill_n call_v vay_fw-mi which_o have_v several_a temple_n and_o cloister_n upon_o it_o abound_v with_o priest_n and_o friar_n most_o whereof_o worship_n idol_n shave_v their_o crown_n and_o despise_v all_o earthly_a riches_n possession_n and_o honour_n but_o that_o which_o be_v full_a of_o admiration_n be_v this_o it_o be_v say_v that_o among_o these_o priest_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a call_v change_v who_o have_v two_o chapel_n under_o his_o command_n be_v convince_v of_o the_o error_n of_o his_o way_n come_v one_o day_n into_o his_o temple_n break_v all_o the_o idol_n in_o piece_n exclaim_v bitter_o against_o the_o priest_n for_o have_v thus_o long_o deceive_v he_o and_o keep_v he_o in_o blind_a ignorance_n from_o thenceforth_o embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n to_o the_o utmost_a period_n of_o his_o life_n in_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n near_o to_o the_o city_n civencheu_o be_v a_o temple_n call_v caiyven_v which_o be_v worthy_a of_o admiration_n both_o for_o its_o height_n and_o largeness_n the_o outside_n of_o this_o sumptuous_a edifice_n be_v all_o of_o marble_n and_o the_o inside_n most_o rich_o adorn_v with_o idol_n of_o all_o sort_n among_o other_o there_o be_v some_o that_o exceed_v which_o be_v either_o cast_v in_o copper_n or_o cut_v out_o of_o marble_n make_v for_o madam_n fee_fw-mi have_v such_o curiosity_n of_o workmanship_n that_o the_o chineses_n say_v they_o be_v not_o make_v with_o mortal_a hand_n without_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o nank_v i_o be_v myself_o in_o one_o of_o the_o three_o idol-temple_n where_o hell_n so_o as_o virgil_n describe_v the_o same_o in_o the_o six_o book_n of_o his_o aeneid_n be_v so_o curious_o paint_v to_o the_o life_n and_o adorn_v with_o rare_a image_n of_o plaster_n that_o it_o be_v enough_o to_o fill_v all_o person_n with_o admiration_n that_o look_v upon_o the_o same_o chap._n x._o of_o tower_n and_o sea-marks_a china_n be_v very_o full_a of_o brave_a and_o well-built_a tower_n whereof_o some_o be_v nine_o other_o seven_a story_n high_a many_o of_o which_o be_v only_o for_o ornament_n but_o upon_o a_o great_a part_n of_o they_o call_v ceuleu_n stand_v their_o clock-workss_a and_o in_o other_o especial_o at_o nank_v be_v keep_v the_o astrological_a instrument_n upon_o the_o clockhouse_n turret_n stand_v a_o instrument_n which_o show_v the_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n by_o mean_n of_o water_n which_o run_v from_o one_o vessel_n into_o another_o raises_z a_o board_n upon_o which_o be_v portray_v a_o mark_n for_o the_o time_n of_o the_o day_n and_o you_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o there_o be_v always_o one_o remain_v there_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o pass_n of_o the_o time_n who_o at_o every_o hour_n signify_v the_o same_o to_o the_o people_n by_o beat_v upon_o a_o drum_n and_o hang_v out_o a_o board_n with_o the_o hour_n write_v upon_o it_o in_o large_a letter_n this_o time-drummer_n likewise_o give_v notice_n if_o he_o discover_v any_o fire_n whereupon_o the_o people_n all_o rise_n to_o quench_v it_o in_o who_o house_n soever_o the_o fire_n happen_v through_o carelessness_n the_o master_n thereof_o be_v punish_v with_o death_n because_o of_o the_o fright_n and_o hazard_n he_o put_v his_o neighbour_n in_o who_o house_n join_v to_o his_o and_o build_v all_o of_o timber_n as_o all_o habitation_n there_o be_v be_v in_o very_o great_a danger_n of_o be_v likewise_o consume_v for_o all_o the_o house_n stand_v very_o close_o and_o this_o in_o truth_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o so_o great_a severity_n show_v against_o such_o who_o house_n be_v burn_v through_o carelessness_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n hiaiken_n stand_v a_o very_a ancient_a tower_n which_o be_v very_o much_o decay_v but_o yet_o keep_v the_o height_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o pace_n but_o that_o which_o be_v most_o to_o be_v admire_v therein_o be_v that_o it_o be_v build_v of_o stone_n which_o with_o infinite_a labour_n industry_n and_o expense_n they_o must_v bring_v thither_o and_o then_o together_o with_o the_o mortar_n carry_v up_o so_o great_a a_o height_n to_o build_v such_o a_o tower_n in_o the_o country_n of_o huquang_n near_o to_o the_o city_n of_o hanyang_n be_v a_o tower_n call_v xelonhoa_n which_o far_o excel_v all_o other_o such_o like_a
and_o complain_v with_o tear_n in_o their_o eye_n kiangus_n who_o take_v compassion_n of_o they_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o injustice_n and_o villainy_n of_o the_o fact_n send_v immediate_o one_o of_o his_o attendant_n to_o the_o viceroy_n panang_v with_o request_n that_o he_o will_v be_v please_v to_o give_v order_n that_o the_o ravish_a bride_n may_v be_v restore_v to_o her_o bridegroom_n for_o that_o he_o be_v grow_v distract_v upon_o the_o loss_n of_o she_o desire_v also_o that_o care_n may_v be_v take_v to_o prevent_v the_o like_a abuse_n for_o the_o future_a but_o the_o viceroy_n give_v no_o heed_n to_o this_o request_n of_o the_o governor_n but_o suffer_v the_o tartar_n to_o go_v away_o with_o the_o rape_n unquestioned_a which_o kiangus_n take_v so_o to_o heart_n that_o he_o go_v to_o the_o viceroy_n himself_o in_o person_n who_o not_o only_o refuse_v to_o give_v he_o audience_n upon_o it_o but_o command_v he_o to_o be_v put_v out_o of_o his_o court._n kiangus_n boil_v with_o revenge_n at_o this_o uncivil_a carriage_n of_o the_o viceroy_n towards_o he_o swear_v that_o he_o will_v never_o serve_v those_o that_o countenance_n such_o abominable_a action_n and_o not_o long_o after_o have_v draw_v his_o force_n together_o he_o come_v with_o they_o and_o fall_v upon_o panang_n in_o his_o court_n kill_v the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o follower_n but_o panang_v save_v himself_o by_o be_v let_v down_o with_o a_o rope_n over_o the_o wall_n and_o so_o escape_v with_o his_o life_n kiangus_n hereupon_o know_v that_o what_o he_o have_v do_v be_v a_o sufficient_a cause_n to_o make_v he_o lose_v his_o head_n if_o he_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o tartar_n set_v up_o his_o standard_n and_o promise_n to_o submit_v himself_o to_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n but_o name_v none_o in_o particular_a for_o he_o know_v not_o that_o junglieu_n be_v elect_v to_o that_o dignity_n be_v at_o so_o great_a a_o distance_n from_o he_o he_o likewise_o use_v all_o endeavour_n to_o draw_v the_o chineses_n to_o take_v part_n with_o he_o and_o to_o stand_v up_o for_o the_o regain_n the_o liberty_n of_o their_o country_n which_o by_o the_o unheard_a of_o oppression_n of_o the_o tartar_n they_o have_v lose_v several_a commander_n and_o officer_n hear_v of_o this_o come_v and_o join_v with_o he_o so_o that_o by_o this_o revolt_n of_o kiangus_n new_a trouble_n be_v arisen_a in_o the_o emperor_n court_n at_o peking_n and_o the_o more_o in_o regard_n the_o western_a tartar_n favour_v he_o who_o be_v able_a to_o bring_v more_o man_n into_o the_o field_n than_o the_o eastern_a especial_o horse_n of_o which_o they_o have_v great_a plenty_n whereas_o there_o be_v but_o few_o in_o the_o other_o now_o to_o nip_v these_o rise_n in_o the_o bud_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o kiangus_n a_o very_a great_a army_n be_v forthwith_o raise_v in_o peking_n and_o send_v against_o he_o kiangus_n who_o be_v no_o less_o wise_a than_o valiant_a and_o very_o well_o understand_v the_o humour_n of_o the_o tartar_n have_v converse_v many_o year_n with_o they_o at_o first_o seem_v as_o if_o he_o be_v afraid_a to_o stay_v the_o come_n of_o the_o enemy_n for_o he_o flee_v with_o his_o force_n but_o this_o be_v do_v only_o out_o of_o policy_n to_o draw_v they_o to_o pursue_v after_o he_o have_v by_o the_o way_n lay_v a_o ambuscade_n for_o they_o which_o take_v good_a effect_n the_o tartar_n be_v thereby_o set_v upon_o and_o defeat_v and_o after_o they_o have_v rally_v be_v beat_v in_o the_o open_a field_n a_o second_o time_n the_o news_n of_o this_o double_a defeat_n be_v bring_v to_o peking_n occasion_v again_o new_a trouble_n in_o the_o court_n especial_o when_o they_o hear_v that_o kiangus_n his_o army_n consist_v of_o above_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o horseman_n and_o four_o hundred_o thousand_o foot_n of_o which_o great_a multitude_n there_o be_v no_o wonder_n for_o every_o person_n be_v glad_a of_o his_o success_n and_o ready_a to_o follow_v he_o as_o the_o redeemer_n of_o their_o country_n from_o the_o tartar_n slavery_n when_o now_o the_o emperor_n uncle_n understand_v with_o how_o great_a success_n this_o kiangus_n proceed_v he_o resolve_v to_o march_v himself_o with_o all_o the_o force_n the_o empire_n be_v able_a to_o make_v against_o he_o for_o he_o dare_v not_o trust_v any_o with_o a_o concern_v upon_o which_o depend_v the_o welfare_n of_o the_o whole_a state_n he_o therefore_o cause_v the_o eight_o standard_n under_o who_o march_v all_o the_o whole_a tartar_n militia_n to_o be_v make_v ready_a for_o the_o war_n and_o according_o that_o he_o may_v lose_v no_o time_n draw_v forth_o the_o choice_a soldier_n of_o this_o great_a body_n wherewith_o he_o march_v against_o kiangus_n to_o chastise_v he_o for_o his_o revolt_n strengthen_v himself_o also_o by_o the_o way_n with_o the_o addition_n of_o many_o more_o force_n which_o he_o have_v from_o the_o southern_a province_n but_o although_o he_o command_v a_o very_a great_a army_n yet_o he_o avoid_v by_o all_o mean_n fight_v with_o kiangus_n who_o give_v he_o occasion_n and_o provoke_v he_o on_o purpose_n to_o draw_v he_o to_o battle_n but_o the_o tartar_n take_v a_o better_a course_n fear_v the_o uncertain_a event_n of_o war_n in_o a_o battle_n and_o know_v how_o to_o overcome_v his_o enemy_n at_o a_o far_o cheap_a rate_n as_o be_v but_o ill_o furnish_v with_o provision_n and_o therefore_o he_o resolve_v to_o delay_v he_o so_o long_o till_o he_o shall_v be_v compel_v to_o leave_v the_o field_n for_o want_v of_o victual_n and_o other_o necessary_n beside_o another_o reason_n that_o make_v he_o unwilling_a to_o give_v battle_n be_v because_o he_o first_o desire_v to_o receive_v a_o answer_n from_o the_o western_a tartar_n king_n to_o who_o he_o have_v send_v a_o ambassador_n with_o very_o rich_a present_n and_o several_a handsome_a woman_n with_o order_n also_o to_o demand_v his_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n for_o the_o emperor_n his_o nephew_n and_o request_v he_o not_o to_o give_v any_o assistance_n to_o kiangus_n the_o rebel_n and_o so_o much_o operation_n have_v this_o embassy_n upon_o the_o king_n of_o taniju_n or_o west-tartary_n that_o he_o return_v the_o ambassador_n immediate_o with_o a_o satisfactory_a answer_n and_o promise_v that_o he_o will_v continue_v from_o thenceforward_a in_o peace_n and_o amity_n with_o the_o great_a cham._n kiangus_n also_o have_v send_v thither_o for_o aid_n but_o find_v himself_o frustrate_v in_o his_o expectation_n and_o desert_v think_v it_o most_o advisable_a for_o he_o to_o make_v towards_o the_o city_n of_o taitung_n into_o which_o he_o be_v no_o soon_o enter_v but_o the_o tartar_a force_n be_v at_o his_o heel_n and_o get_v to_o the_o very_a gate_n and_o in_o the_o space_n of_o three_o day_n with_o the_o help_n of_o the_o peasant_n who_o be_v compel_v to_o come_v in_o a_o deep_a trench_n of_o ten_o mile_n in_o circumference_n be_v draw_v round_o about_o it_o whereupon_o kiangus_n find_v himself_o thus_o 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the_o receive_n of_o the_o christian_a law_n unto_o these_o he_o adjoin_v two_o excellent_a person_n for_o learning_n of_o the_o society_n of_o st._n dominick_n william_n of_o tripoli_n and_o nicolas_n who_o surname_n be_v not_o add_v these_o therefore_o provide_v with_o all_o necessary_n for_o such_o a_o expedition_n begin_v their_o journey_n to_o the_o east_n and_o at_o length_n after_o a_o long_a voyage_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n enter_v armenia_n where_o they_o find_v all_o thing_n in_o disorder_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o war_n commence_v between_o the_o armenian_n and_o the_o sultan_n of_o babylon_n the_o father_n be_v strike_v with_o fear_n and_o lay_v aside_o all_o prosecution_n of_o a_o far_a voyage_n take_v up_o their_o station_n and_o continue_v in_o arâ—â—nia_n but_o nicolas_n with_o his_o son_n marcus_n paulus_n reject_v all_o fear_n of_o danger_n ouâ—_n of_o a_o great_a desire_n which_o they_o have_v to_o give_v the_o great_a cham_fw-mi a_o plenary_a satisfaction_n concern_v his_o embassay_n although_o they_o be_v expose_v to_o great_a hardship_n and_o the_o danger_n of_o unknown_a path_n yet_o at_o last_o arrive_v at_o the_o city_n clemenisu_n of_o who_o approach_n when_o cublai_n the_o great_a cham_n be_v acquaint_v he_o command_v his_o messenger_n in_o forty_o day_n space_n to_o set_v forward_o to_o meet_v they_o and_o to_o conduct_v they_o to_o he_o and_o withal_o to_o show_v they_o all_o the_o respect_n that_o may_v be_v and_o to_o let_v they_o want_v for_o nothing_o that_o may_v be_v any_o way_n necessary_a for_o they_o therefore_o be_v admit_v into_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o great_a cham_n and_o have_v perform_v the_o accustom_a sign_n or_o token_n of_o veneration_n they_o declare_v the_o effect_n of_o their_o embassy_n and_o also_o present_v he_o with_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o pope_n together_o with_o a_o viol_n of_o oil_n borrow_a from_o one_o of_o the_o lamp_n our_o saviour_n sepulchre_n he_o admire_v the_o presence_n of_o marcus_n the_o 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great_a mogul_n from_o this_o place_n avoid_v the_o passage_n towards_o the_o south_n he_o take_v his_o way_n between_o the_o north_n and_o east_n which_o they_o call_v nordo_v thence_o he_o go_v through_o the_o desert_n and_o then_o over_o the_o most_o high_a mountain_n belor_n which_o we_o have_v describe_v before_o into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cassar_n which_o now_o they_o call_v cascar_n for_o a_o time_n tributary_n to_o the_o great_a cham_n partly_o inhabit_a by_o nestorian_a christian_n and_o partly_o by_o mahumetan_n thence_o wander_v a_o little_a towards_o the_o north_n he_o enter_v into_o samarcande_v the_o regal_a seat_n of_o the_o great_a tamburlaine_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o carcham_n now_o call_v tarcham_n from_o whence_o he_o proceed_v onward_o through_o the_o desert_n lop_n into_o the_o city_n peim_n and_o ciarcia_n and_o at_o length_n into_o camul_n and_o tarpham_n at_o that_o time_n province_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o tanchut_n and_o now_o subject_a to_o the_o empire_n of_o usbeck_n all_o which_o agree_v with_o what_o we_o have_v allege_v before_o concern_v the_o voyage_n of_o benedict_n go_v yet_o from_o hence_o he_o go_v not_o the_o short_a way_n unto_o cathay_n but_o decline_v towards_o the_o north_n he_o come_v unto_o the_o city_n campition_n the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tanchut_n where_o have_v enter_v between_o the_o east_n and_o south_n that_o be_v southeast_n unto_o those_o that_o proceed_v forward_o he_o come_v into_o cathay_n through_o the_o desert_n yet_o lay_v aside_o this_o passage_n he_o proceed_v forward_o again_o towards_o the_o north_n and_o have_v pass_v through_o many_o province_n and_o kingdom_n of_o the_o eastern_a tartary_n where_o he_o find_v many_o christian_n at_o length_n he_o arrive_v at_o cambalu_n the_o royal_a court_n of_o the_o great_a cham_n of_o the_o largeness_n and_o etymology_n of_o which_o city_n we_o have_v before_o treat_v at_o large_a where_o i_o wonder_v very_o much_o that_o paulus_n venetus_n make_v no_o mention_n of_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n through_o which_o of_o necessity_n he_o shall_v have_v pass_v peradventure_o he_o straggle_v far_o and_o wide_o unto_o the_o eastern_a sea_n unto_o which_o he_o write_v that_o he_o come_v through_o the_o northern_a kingdom_n pass_v through_o cireanum_fw-la belong_v unto_o the_o chineses_n into_o cathay_n that_o be_v china_n for_o whatsoever_o he_o afterward_o relate_v concern_v cathay_n whatsoever_o he_o observe_v concern_v the_o vastness_n and_o magnificency_n of_o the_o city_n concern_v the_o frequency_n and_o multitude_n of_o the_o people_n and_o merchant_n of_o the_o affluency_n of_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o humane_a life_n of_o the_o abundance_n of_o great_a and_o small_a river_n of_o the_o admirable_a structure_n and_o fabric_n of_o the_o bridge_n these_o i_o say_v can_v agree_v unto_o no_o other_o region_n kingdom_n or_o empire_n but_o only_o unto_o that_o most_o vast_a empire_n of_o the_o chinese_n unto_o which_o the_o chinesian_a name_n of_o the_o city_n with_o their_o custom_n and_o manner_n be_v altogether_o consonant_a and_o agreeable_a as_o i_o have_v show_v at_o large_a in_o the_o precede_a discourse_n haython_n the_o armenian_a a_o monk_n of_o the_o order_n of_o the_o praemonstratensis_fw-la and_o of_o the_o bloud-royal_a a_o traveller_n throughout_o the_o whole_a east_n he_o with_o the_o fidelity_n of_o a_o religious_a person_n confirm_v whatsoever_o be_v more_o large_o relate_v by_o paulus_n venetus_n concern_v the_o kingdom_n of_o cathay_n for_o anno_fw-la 1307._o he_o behold_v all_o those_o kingdom_n of_o the_o utmost_a part_n of_o the_o east_n with_o his_o own_o eye_n the_o cause_n manner_n and_o occasion_n of_o which_o voyage_n we_o shall_v afterward_o declare_v now_o he_o thus_o speak_v concern_v the_o kingdom_n of_o cathay_n in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o his_o history_n the_o kingdom_n of_o cathay_n be_v the_o great_a that_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o world_n and_o be_v replenish_v with_o infinite_a people_n and_o riches_n it_o be_v situate_a on_o the_o sea-coast_n the_o man_n of_o of_o those_o part_n be_v most_o subtle_a and_o full_a of_o deceit_n and_o therefore_o in_o all_o knowledge_n makeslight_o of_o all_o other_o nation_n for_o they_o say_v that_o they_o be_v the_o only_a people_n that_o see_v with_o both_o eye_n and_o all_o other_o only_o with_o one_o they_o have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n little_a eye_n and_o be_v natural_o without_o beard_n and_o moreover_o it_o be_v report_v concern_v this_o kingdom_n that_o it_o be_v situate_a in_o the_o chief_a part_n of_o the_o world_n because_o it_o have_v the_o east_n on_o one_o part_n and_o on_o the_o other_o part_n there_o do_v no_o nation_n inhabit_v as_o they_o report_v on_o the_o west_n it_o have_v its_o confine_n on_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tarsa_n on_o the_o north_n it_o be_v bound_v with_o the_o desert_n of_o belgian_n and_o on_o the_o east_n and_o
one_o i_o say_v who_o right_o understand_v what_o i_o have_v above_o relate_v concern_v the_o voyage_n of_o st._n thomas_n the_o apostle_n which_o be_v at_o large_a handle_v by_o osorius_n bishop_n of_o sylva_n who_o have_v elegant_o compile_v the_o indian_a history_n whence_o from_o these_o region_n even_o now_o declare_v viz._n from_o cabul_n caphurstan_n tibet_n and_o mogul_n he_o may_v easy_o by_o the_o bishop_n his_o successor_n propagate_v the_o sacred_a gospel_n of_o christ_n into_o the_o remote_a province_n and_o kingdom_n to_o the_o utmost_a bound_n of_o tartary_n this_o ortelius_n open_o confirm_v who_o say_v that_o the_o kingdom_n of_o archon_n situate_v in_o the_o utmost_a angle_n or_o corner_n of_o the_o north_n be_v convert_v unto_o the_o christian_a faith_n by_o st._n thomas_n you_o must_v understand_v it_o of_o of_o his_o successor_n so_o that_o by_o this_o account_n there_o be_v no_o part_n or_o corner_n of_o the_o world_n which_o have_v not_o be_v fill_v with_o the_o light_n of_o the_o gospel_n by_o his_o care_n and_o diligence_n nicephorus_n also_o relate_v in_o his_o second_o book_n chap._n 39_o that_o st._n philip_n preach_v the_o gospel_n in_o the_o upper_a asia_n now_o the_o upper_a asia_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o that_o vast_a space_n of_o asia_n minor_n which_o the_o ancient_n call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o scythia_n on_o this_o side_n and_o beyond_o imaus_n and_o they_o be_v all_o those_o region_n which_o be_v comprehend_v in_o the_o extreme_a limit_n of_o the_o eastern_a sea_n and_o about_o the_o caspian_a sea_n as_o georgia_n iberia_n albanior_fw-la micrelia_n armenia_n and_o part_n of_o the_o transmarine_a asiatic_a tartary_n from_o whence_o in_o course_n of_o time_n the_o gospel_n of_o our_o saviour_n by_o a_o far_o sprout_v be_v transplant_v into_o all_o the_o circumjacent_a kingdom_n as_o thebet_n indostan_n tanchut_v and_o the_o like_a chrysostome_n say_v that_o st._n bartholomew_n instruct_v the_o people_n of_o the_o great_a 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time_n be_v propagate_v and_o cultivate_v by_o their_o successor_n very_o holy_a man_n and_o illuminate_v with_o the_o holy_a spirit_n diffuse_v and_o spread_v the_o light_n of_o the_o divine_a law_n throughout_o the_o whole_a east_n unto_o the_o great_a advantage_n of_o soul_n until_o by_o the_o want_n of_o laborer_n the_o people_n follow_v a_o more_o dissolute_a and_o ill_a mode_n of_o life_n degenerate_v from_o the_o rectitude_n of_o faith_n 〈◊〉_d and_o also_o blemish_v and_o bespot_v with_o the_o rite_n of_o the_o gentile_n altogether_o fall_v off_o from_o the_o true_a way_n for_o anno_fw-la 400._o when_o by_o the_o instigation_n of_o satan_n the_o curse_a arrius_n nestorius_n dioscurus_n and_o other_o heretic_n but_o especial_o the_o nestorian_n have_v every_o where_o spread_v their_o damnable_a opinion_n and_o in_o a_o horrid_a manner_n weaken_v the_o orthodox_n faith_n of_o christ_n above_o all_o other_o part_v it_o infect_v with_o the_o venom_n of_o its_o pestiferous_a doctrine_n colchis_n armenia_n persia_n turchestan_n and_o the_o utmost_a bound_n of_o the_o asiatic_a tartary_n so_o that_o as_o marcus_n paulus_n and_o haython_n relate_v there_o be_v no_o place_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a region_n which_o it_o have_v not_o defile_v world_n add_v unto_o this_o that_o in_o the_o year_n 632._o or_o thereabouts_o be_v the_o curse_a rise_n of_o the_o incendiary_n of_o the_o world_n mahomet_n who_o swell_a and_o break_v in_o like_o a_o inundation_n over_o a_o great_a portion_n of_o the_o earth_n subject_v the_o same_o to_o his_o most_o unjust_a law_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o faithful_a christian_n and_o more_o especial_o person_n of_o the_o priestly_a order_n be_v exile_v their_o native_a country_n by_o degree_n forsake_v the_o province_n of_o the_o more_o inward_a part_n of_o of_o asia_n either_o for_o fear_n of_o persecution_n or_o by_o a_o voluntary_a exile_n those_o that_o be_v arm_v with_o a_o zeal_n and_o desire_n to_o the_o 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haython_n accept_v of_o the_o obsequiousness_n of_o so_o free_a a_o offer_n present_v he_o in_o write_v several_a point_n of_o his_o petition_n which_o be_v as_o follow_v 1._o that_o the_o great_a cham_n will_v vouchsafe_v to_o embrace_v the_o christian_a faith_n 2._o that_o a_o perpetual_a league_n of_o friendship_n may_v be_v confirm_v between_o the_o christian_n and_o the_o tartar_n 3._o that_o all_o the_o christian_n both_o ecclesiastic_n and_o laic_n with_o their_o church_n may_v be_v free_a from_o all_o persecution_n and_o enjoy_v the_o immunity_n and_o privilege_n in_o all_o the_o kingdom_n which_o the_o tartar_n have_v subject_v to_o the_o empire_n 4._o that_o he_o shall_v raise_v a_o army_n to_o free_v the_o holy_a sepulchre_n of_o christ_n from_o the_o turkish_a tyranny_n and_o also_o restore_v the_o holy_a land_n possess_v by_o the_o saracen_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o christian_n 5._o that_o he_o shall_v join_v his_o force_n with_o he_o to_o root_v out_o the_o most_o potent_a caliph_n of_o baldach_n 6._o that_o he_o
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country_n but_o neither_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o trust_v repose_v in_o he_o nor_o the_o love_n of_o his_o country_n be_v in_o any_o measure_n answerable_a to_o his_o thirst_n after_o riches_n unde_fw-la habeat_fw-la quaerat_fw-la nemo_fw-la sed_fw-la oportet_fw-la habere_fw-la of_o which_o avaricious_a temper_n of_o his_o the_o tartar_n have_v information_n and_o look_v upon_o he_o as_o a_o fit_a instrument_n to_o be_v employ_v in_o their_o design_n they_o never_o leave_v send_v to_o he_o extraordinary_a present_n accompany_v with_o large_a promise_n of_o the_o most_o eminent_a preferment_n with_o which_o bait_n be_v take_v he_o contract_a friendship_n with_o they_o promise_v to_o give_v they_o his_o assistance_n when_o it_o shall_v lie_v in_o his_o power_n and_o as_o the_o first_o proof_n of_o his_o friendship_n to_o they_o through_o the_o cunning_a instigation_n of_o the_o tartar_n he_o undertake_v private_o to_o murder_v the_o valiant_a and_o faithful_a commander_n maoâ—enlung_v of_o who_o the_o tartar_n stand_v in_o great_a fear_n and_o awe_n which_o he_o according_o effect_v with_o great_a secrecy_n by_o invite_v he_o to_o dinner_n and_o poison_v he_o with_o a_o cup_n of_o drink_n which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v give_v he_o at_o the_o table_n have_v thus_o clandestine_o accomplish_v this_o his_o monstrous_a undertake_n he_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o tartar_n upon_o most_o dishonourable_a and_o disadvantageous_a term_n for_o his_o prince_n who_o no_o soon_o read_v the_o same_o but_o he_o refuse_v to_o observe_v and_o ratify_v they_o yvenus_n conscious_a of_o what_o he_o have_v do_v and_o well_o see_v that_o upon_o the_o make_n good_a of_o this_o treaty_n of_o peace_n his_o honour_n and_o authority_n depend_v advise_v the_o tartar_n to_o force_v the_o emperor_n his_o natural_a â—ord_n to_o the_o observation_n thereof_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n whereupon_o in_o the_o year_n 1630._o upon_o his_o promise_n not_o to_o oppose_v they_o in_o the_o least_o if_o they_o will_v make_v a_o invasion_n in_o some_o other_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n where_o he_o have_v no_o command_n this_o treacherous_a advice_n be_v no_o soon_o give_v than_o accept_v and_o put_v in_o execution_n for_o the_o tartar_n doubt_v so_o little_a of_o the_o promise_n of_o yvenus_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o extraordinary_a covetousness_n that_o without_o take_v any_o further_a counsel_n they_o pour_v their_o force_n into_o the_o province_n of_o peking_n plunder_v all_o place_n where_o they_o come_v and_o lay_v the_o same_o afterward_o in_o ash_n and_o at_o last_o so_o be_v their_o courage_n or_o rather_o fury_n heighten_v that_o they_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n at_o who_o approach_n it_o be_v no_o marvel_n if_o the_o confusion_n and_o amazement_n be_v great_a not_o only_o among_o the_o citizen_n but_o also_o among_o the_o rix-counsellor_n who_o in_o this_o dangerous_a vicissitude_n of_o affair_n earnest_o advise_v the_o 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return_v home_o with_o great_a wealth_n and_o riches_n which_o the_o tartar_n have_v promise_v he_o in_o case_n the_o peace_n take_v effect_v zungchinius_n consider_v what_o the_o meaning_n of_o such_o advice_n may_v tend_v to_o begin_v to_o mistrust_v the_o fidelity_n of_o his_o general_n and_o afterward_o by_o other_o mean_n be_v more_o full_o satisfy_v of_o his_o treacherous_a deal_n for_o the_o destruction_n and_o ruin_n of_o the_o state_n he_o send_v private_o unto_o he_o to_o desire_v his_o presence_n in_o the_o city_n at_o the_o council_n of_o war_n to_o advise_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o military_a officer_n what_o be_v best_a to_o be_v do_v in_o that_o dangerous_a exigent_n for_o the_o safety_n and_o welfare_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n now_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o the_o emperor_n will_v not_o suffer_v any_o gate_n to_o be_v set_v open_a under_o pretence_n that_o the_o enemy_n lie_v close_o to_o the_o wall_n but_o in_o truth_n for_o fear_v lest_o yvenus_n shall_v crowd_v in_o upon_o he_o with_o his_o whole_a army_n therefore_o he_o send_v he_o word_n that_o he_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o wall_n and_o they_o will_v draw_v he_o up_o private_o into_o the_o city_n over_o the_o wall_n of_o this_o design_n of_o the_o emperor_n yvenus_n have_v not_o the_o least_o inkling_n give_v he_o by_o any_o of_o the_o council_n for_o indeed_o the_o emperor_n at_o this_o time_n make_v himself_o alone_o his_o own_o privy-councillor_n have_v not_o discover_v to_o any_o what_o he_o know_v of_o the_o treason_n hatch_v against_o he_o by_o yvenus_n nor_o of_o what_o he_o intend_v against_o he_o for_o his_o reward_n but_o only_o that_o he_o will_v confer_v with_o he_o about_o some_o affair_n in_o order_n to_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o city_n for_o have_v the_o emperor_n never_o so_o little_o discover_v either_o his_o knowledge_n or_o intention_n yvenus_n will_v soon_o have_v be_v advertise_v thereof_o have_v his_o creature_n in_o all_o corner_n of_o the_o city_n to_o give_v he_o intelligence_n of_o all_o affair_n but_o this_o be_v by_o his_o silence_n and_o secrecy_n prevent_v yvenus_n come_v without_o any_o fear_n into_o the_o city_n and_o address_v himself_o to_o the_o emperor_n in_o who_o presence_n upon_o his_o very_a first_o appearance_n he_o be_v apprehend_v and_o behead_v this_o be_v a_o public_a act_n can_v not_o be_v long_o conceal_v nor_o indeed_o be_v it_o for_o the_o tartar_n hear_v of_o it_o present_o and_o thereupon_o raise_v their_o siege_n and_o leave_v the_o imperial_a city_n out_o of_o fear_n of_o be_v attaque_v by_o the_o royal_a army_n which_o lie_v not_o far_o from_o they_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o emperor_n shall_v have_v appoint_v a_o faithful_a commander_n over_o the_o same_o in_o stead_n of_o the_o traitor_n yvenus_n however_o in_o their_o return_n and_o march_n back_o they_o ruin_v and_o destroy_v whatever_o stand_v in_o their_o way_n and_o with_o great_a store_n of_o wealth_n and_o booty_n get_v at_o last_o into_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n the_o war_n continue_v till_o the_o year_n 1636._o with_o various_a event_n sometime_o the_o chineses_n have_v the_o better_a otherwhiles_o the_o tartar_n but_o however_o the_o chineses_n defend_v themselves_o so_o well_o against_o they_o till_o that_o time_n that_o the_o tartar_n do_v never_o set_v footing_n in_o china_n but_o they_o be_v drive_v out_o again_o with_o great_a loss_n in_o the_o same_o year_n 1636._o the_o tartar_n king_n thienzungus_n die_v and_o his_o son_n zungteus_n the_o father_n of_o the_o present_a emperor_n who_o now_o wear_v the_o royal_a diadem_n in_o china_n succeed_v he_o a_o prince_n so_o endow_v with_o all_o the_o most_o excellent_a quality_n both_o of_o art_n and_o nature_n as_o if_o design_v for_o some_o great_a undertake_n he_o exceed_v all_o his_o ancestor_n in_o part_n and_o prudence_n and_o in_o his_o minority_n before_o he_o attain_v the_o crown_n give_v no_o small_a sign_n of_o a_o excellent_a understanding_n to_o descend_v a_o little_a to_o particular_n he_o be_v both_o learned_a courteous_a and_o of_o a_o good_a disposition_n be_v yet_o in_o his_o juvenile_a year_n he_o be_v send_v by_o his_o father_n into_o china_n under_o the_o tuition_n of_o some_o of_o his_o council_n who_o put_v he_o into_o the_o chinese_n habit_n here_o he_o live_v private_o a_o long_a time_n learn_v the_o chinese_n language_n and_o exchange_v the_o rough_a and_o savage_a behaviour_n of_o his_o own_o country_n for_o the_o more_o civil_a and_o gentile_a behaviour_n of_o the_o chinese_n so_o that_o when_o he_o have_v get_v into_o the_o throne_n he_o reign_v with_o much_o mildness_n moderation_n and_o affability_n carry_v himself_o towards_o his_o subject_n quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o morose_a nature_n of_o his_o ancestor_n who_o cruelty_n and_o severity_n he_o observe_v to_o have_v be_v the_o overthrow_n or_o at_o least_o the_o retard_v of_o all_o their_o design_n against_o the_o chinese_n who_o by_o his_o conversation_n among_o they_o while_o he_o live_v there_o he_o find_v be_v better_a to_o be_v win_v with_o a_o soft_a and_o mild_a hand_n than_o with_o rough_a and_o harsh_a usage_n wherefore_o he_o resolve_v to_o alter_v the_o way_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o government_n of_o his_o ancestor_n and_o to_o confirm_v himself_o in_o his_o throne_n rather_o by_o the_o love_n of_o his_o subject_n than_o by_o force_n of_o arms._n this_o his_o prudent_a carriage_n immediate_o win_v to_o he_o the_o heart_n not_o only_o of_o his_o own_o natural_a subject_n but_o of_o the_o chinese_n his_o enemy_n who_o when_o they_o submit_v to_o he_o be_v treat_v as_o his_o own_o subject_n such_o as_o be_v conquer_v by_o he_o in_o the_o war_n be_v civil_o accommodate_v and_o receive_v into_o favor_n and_o service_n and_o the_o rest_n that_o be_v willing_a to_o return_v home_o have_v free_a leave_n at_o their_o own_o pleasure_n to_o be_v go_v by_o this_o win_a sweetness_n the_o fame_n of_o this_o prince_n spread_v at_o last_o among_o several_a of_o his_o neighbour_n so_o that_o they_o seek_v unto_o he_o for_o his_o friendship_n and_o protection_n which_o stand_v he_o in_o great_a stead_n afterward_o in_o the_o conquest_n of_o china_n he_o always_o prefer_v only_a man_n of_o ability_n into_o office_n and_o place_n of_o trust_n and_o such_o commander_n or_o governor_n as_o flee_v to_o he_o out_o of_o china_n for_o any_o suppose_a crime_n or_o offence_n have_v not_o only_o their_o liberty_n but_o be_v also_o much_o make_v of_o and_o put_v into_o employment_n for_o by_o the_o chinese_n government_n to_o prevent_v treachery_n and_o covetousness_n it_o be_v ordain_v and_o settle_v as_o a_o fix_a law_n that_o all_o the_o prince_n governor_n or_o commander_n in_o chief_a under_o who_o authority_n any_o misfortune_n happen_v shall_v lose_v his_o head_n without_o mercy_n as_o for_o example_n if_o a_o general_n happen_v to_o be_v unfortunate_o defeat_v if_o a_o governor_n lose_v his_o province_n over_o which_o he_o be_v appoint_v or_o that_o a_o mutiny_n happen_v among_o the_o people_n or_o army_n though_o neither_o of_o they_o be_v by_o any_o probable_a or_o rational_a way_n able_a to_o prevent_v it_o yet_o they_o shall_v lose_v their_o life_n for_o it_o so_o that_o the_o chinese_n general_n and_o governor_n find_v upon_o all_o occasion_n that_o the_o king_n of_o tartary_n be_v kind_a and_o civil_a to_o such_o as_o flee_v to_o he_o make_v thither_o as_o soon_o as_o any_o thing_n go_v amiss_o with_o they_o for_o which_o they_o know_v they_o have_v incur_v the_o penalty_n of_o lose_v their_o head_n at_o this_o time_n there_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o cessation_n of_o all_o warlike_a and_o hostile_a action_n for_o although_o the_o tartar_n hold_v the_o western_a part_n of_o the_o province_n of_o leâ—otung_n yet_o the_o east_n part_n be_v so_o well_o guard_v with_o fort_n and_o soldier_n that_o they_o think_v themselves_o secure_a from_o any_o future_a or_o further_a invasion_n on_o that_o side_n nor_o be_v the_o adjacent_a place_n in_o any_o great_a fear_n for_o that_o there_o be_v a_o very_a strong_a army_n thereabouts_o to_o hinder_v they_o from_o make_v any_o further_a inroad_n into_o the_o say_a province_n but_o this_o noble_a and_o flourish_a empire_n have_v that_o viper_n hatch_n within_o its_o bowel_n that_o will_v work_v its_o confusion_n and_o be_v the_o only_a occasion_n of_o its_o overthrow_n for_o as_o be_v say_v before_o at_o that_o time_n it_o be_v full_a of_o vagabond_n thief_n and_o robber_n who_o not_o only_o waste_v but_o at_o last_o deliver_v it_o up_o a_o prey_n to_o the_o tartar_n as_o you_o may_v more_o clear_o understand_v by_o the_o sequel_n of_o the_o story_n the_o first_o insurrection_n and_o treachery_n of_o these_o robber_n and_o highwayman_n be_v discover_v in_o the_o province_n of_o suchue_n where_o join_v with_o