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cause_n body_n find_v great_a 1,455 5 2.6101 3 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A38811 Sylva, or, A discourse of forest-trees, and the propagation of timber in His Majesties dominions as it was deliver'd in the Royal Society the XVth of October, MDCLXII upon occasion of certain quæries propounded to that illustrious assembly, by the Honourable the Principal Officers, and Commissioners of the Navy : to which is annexed Pomona, or, An appendix concerning fruit-trees in relation to cider, the making, and severall wayes of ordering it published by expresse order of the Royal Society : also Kalendarivm hortense, or, the Gard'ners almanac, directing what he is to do monthly throughout the year / by John Evelyn ... Evelyn, John, 1620-1706. 1670 (1670) Wing E3517; ESTC R586 328,786 359

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of_o the_o lee_n of_o wine_n be_v thus_o take_v away_o there_o will_v yet_o be_v enough_o leave_v to_o give_v it_o a_o fermentation_n in_o the_o bottle_n or_o second_o vessel_n where_o it_o shall_v be_v leave_v to_o stand_v in_o case_n you_o have_v not_o bottle_n enough_o to_o put_v up_o all_o the_o wine_n from_o which_o you_o have_v thus_o take_v away_o the_o gross_a lee._n this_o wine_n i_o know_v not_o whether_o it_o will_v last_v so_o long_o as_o the_o other_o use_v in_o the_o ordinary_a way_n or_o not_o but_o this_o i_o confident_o believe_v it_o will_v not_o be_v so_o harsh_a as_o the_o same_o will_v have_v be_v if_o it_o have_v be_v use_v in_o the_o ordinary_a way_n and_o the_o pleasantness_n of_o taste_n which_o be_v not_o unwholesome_a be_v the_o chief_a thing_n which_o i_o prefer_v both_o in_o wine_n and_o cider_n now_o for_o the_o hard-apple-cider_n that_o it_o will_v receive_v a_o improvement_n by_o this_o way_n of_o order_v have_v be_v long_o my_o opinion_n but_o this_o 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the_o age_n stature_n and_o felling_n of_o tree_n 1._o it_o be_v not_o till_o a_o tree_n be_v arrive_v to_o his_o perfect_a age_n and_o full_a vigour_n felling_n that_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o forest_n shall_v consult_v or_o determine_v concern_v a_o felling_n for_o there_o be_v certain_o in_o tree_n as_o in_o all_o thing_n else_o a_o time_n of_o increment_n or_o growth_n a_o status_fw-la or_o season_n when_o they_o be_v at_o best_o which_o be_v also_o that_o of_o felling_n and_o a_o decrement_n or_o period_n when_o they_o decay_v to_o the_o first_o of_o these_o they_o proceed_v with_o more_o or_o less_o velocity_n as_o they_o consist_v of_o more_o strict_a and_o compact_a particle_n or_o be_v of_o a_o slight_a and_o more_o laxed_a contexture_n by_o which_o they_o receive_v a_o speedy_a or_o slow_a defluction_n of_o aliment_n this_o be_v apparent_a in_o box_n and_o willow_n the_o one_o of_o a_o hard_a the_o other_o of_o a_o more_o tender_a substance_n but_o as_o they_o proceed_v so_o 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time_n in_o the_o hercynian_a forest_n which_o be_v think_v coevous_a with_o the_o world_n itself_o their_o root_n have_v even_o raise_v mountain_n and_o where_o they_o encounter_v swell_v into_o goodly_a arch_n like_o the_o gate_n of_o a_o city_n but_o our_o more_o modern_a author_n calculation_n for_o fruit-tree_n i_o suppose_v he_o mean_v pear_n apple_n etc._n etc._n his_o allowance_n be_v three_o hundred_o year_n for_o growth_n as_o much_o for_o their_o stand_n as_o he_o term_v it_o and_o three_o hundred_o for_o their_o decay_n which_o do_v in_o the_o total_a amount_v to_o no_o less_o than_o nine_o hundred_o year_n this_o conjecture_n be_v deduce_v from_o appletree_n grow_v in_o his_o orchard_n which_o have_v know_v for_o forty_o year_n and_o upon_o diligent_a enquiry_n of_o sundry_a age_a person_n of_o eighty_o year_n and_o more_o who_o remember_v they_o tree_n all_o their_o time_n he_o find_v by_o compare_v their_o growth_n with_o other_o of_o that_o kind_n to_o be_v far_o short_a in_o bigness_n and_o perfection_n viz._n by_o more_o than_o two_o part_n of_o three_o yea_o albeit_o those_o other_o tree_n have_v be_v much_o hinder_v in_o their_o stature_n through_o ill_a government_n and_o mis-ordering_a 3._o to_o establish_v this_o he_o assemble_v many_o argument_n from_o the_o age_n of_o animal_n who_o state_n and_o decay_n double_v the_o time_n of_o their_o increase_n by_o the_o same_o proportion_n if_o then_o say_v he_o those_o frail_a creature_n who_o body_n be_v nothing_o in_o a_o manner_n but_o a_o tender_a rottenness_n may_v live_v to_o that_o age_n i_o see_v not_o but_o a_o tree_n of_o a_o solid_a substance_n not_o damnify_v by_o heat_n or_o cold_a capable_a of_o and_o subject_a to_o any_o kind_n of_o order_v or_o dress_v feed_v natural_o and_o from_o the_o begin_n disburden_a of_o all_o superfluity_n ease_v of_o and_o of_o his_o own_o accord_n avoid_v the_o cause_n that_o may_v annoy_v he_o shall_v double_v the_o life_n of_o other_o creature_n by_o very_a many_o year_n he_o proceed_v what_o else_o be_v tree_n in_o comparison_n with_o the_o earth_n but_o as_o hair_n to_o the_o body_n of_o man_n and_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o without_o some_o distemper_n or_o forcible_a cause_n the_o hair_n dure_v with_o the_o body_n and_o be_v esteem_v excrement_n but_o from_o their_o superfluous_a growth_n so_o as_o he_o resolve_v upon_o good_a reason_n that_o fruit-tree_n well_o order_v may_v live_v a_o thousand_o year_n and_o bear_v fruit_n and_o the_o long_o the_o more_o the_o great_a and_o the_o better_o for_o which_o a_o instance_n also_o in_o dr._n beale_n herefordshire_n orchard_n pag._n 21_o 22._o because_o his_o vigour_n be_v proud_a and_o strong_a when_o his_o year_n be_v many_o thus_o shall_v you_o see_v old_a tree_n put_v forth_o their_o bud_n and_o blossom_n both_o soon_o and_o more_o plentiful_o than_o young_a tree_n by_o much_o and_o i_o sensible_o perceive_v say_v he_o my_o young_a tree_n to_o enlarge_v their_o fruit_n as_o they_o grow_v great_a etc._n etc._n and_o if_o fruit-tree_n continue_v to_o this_o age_n how_o many_o age_n be_v it_o to_o be_v suppose_v strong_a and_o huge_a timber-tree_n will_v last_v who_o massy_a body_n require_v the_o year_n of_o divers_a methusela_n before_o they_o determine_v their_o day_n who_o be_v sap_n be_v strong_a and_o bitter_a who_o bark_n be_v hard_a and_o thick_a and_o their_o substance_n solid_a and_o stiff_a all_o which_o be_v defence_n of_o health_n and_o long_a life_n their_o strength_n withstand_v all_o forceable_a wind_n their_o sap_n of_o that_o quality_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o worm_n and_o taint_v their_o bark_n receive_v seldom_o or_o never_o by_o casualty_n any_o wound_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o he_o be_v free_a from_o removal_n which_o be_v the_o death_n of_o million_o of_o tree_n whereas_o the_o fruit-tree_n in_o comparison_n be_v little_a and_o frequent_o blow_v down_o his_o sap_n sweet_a
inch_n deep_a and_o in_o even_a line_n at_o two_o foot_n interval_n for_o the_o more_o commodious_a runcation_n haw_v and_o dress_v the_o tree_n into_o these_o furrow_n for_o a_o conseminea_fw-la sylva_n throw_v your_o oak_n beech_n ash_n nut_n all_o the_o glandiferous_a seed_n mast_n and_o key-bearing_a kind_n so_o as_o they_o lie_v not_o too_o thick_a and_o then_o cover_v they_o very_o well_o with_o a_o rake_n or_o fine-toothed_a harrow_n as_o they_o do_v for_o pease_n or_o to_o be_v more_o accurate_a you_o may_v set_v they_o as_o they_o do_v bean_n especial_o the_o nut_n and_o acorn_n and_o that_o every_o species_n by_o themselves_o for_o the_o roboraria_n glandaria_fw-la vlmaria_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v the_o better_a way_n this_o be_v to_o be_v do_v at_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o october_n for_o the_o autumnal_a sow_v and_o in_o the_o light_a ground_n about_o february_n for_o the_o vernal_a then_o see_v your_o hopeful_a grove_n with_o acorn_n sow_v but_o ever_o your_o seed_n into_o the_o field_n be_v throw_v with_o crooked_a plough_n first_o let_v the_o lusty_a swain_n break-up_a and_o stubborn_a clod_n with_o harrow_n plain_a then_o when_o the_o stem_n appear_v to_o make_v it_o bare_a and_o lighten_v the_o hard_a earth_n with_o hough_n prepare_v hough_o in_o the_o spring_n nor_o frequent_a culture_n fail_v lest_o noxious_a weed_n over_o the_o young_a wood_n prevail_v to_o barren_a ground_n with_o toil_n large_o meanour_a add_v good-husbandry_n will_v force_v a_o ground_n that_o be_v bad_a proinde_fw-la nemus_fw-la sparsa_fw-la cure_v the_o glande_n parandum_fw-la sed_fw-la tamen_fw-la ante_fw-la tuo_fw-la mande_v quam_fw-la semina_fw-la campo_fw-it ipse_fw-la tibi_fw-la duro_fw-la robustus_fw-la vomere_fw-la fossor_fw-la omne_fw-la solum_fw-la subigat_fw-la late_a explanetque_fw-la subactum_fw-la cumque_fw-la novus_fw-la fisso_fw-la primum_fw-la de_fw-la germine_fw-la ramus_fw-la findit_fw-la humum_fw-la rursus_fw-la ferro_fw-la versanda_fw-la bicorni_fw-la consita_fw-la veer_fw-la novo_fw-la tellus_fw-la cultuque_fw-la frequenti_fw-la exercenda_fw-la herbae_fw-la circum_fw-la ne_fw-la forte_fw-fr nocentes_fw-la proveniant_fw-la germenque_fw-la ipsum_fw-la radicibus_fw-la urant_fw-la nec_fw-la cultu_fw-la campum_fw-la cunctantem_fw-la urgere_fw-la frequenti_fw-la et_fw-la saturare_fw-la fimo_fw-la pudeat_fw-la si_fw-la forte_fw-fr resistat_fw-la culturae_fw-la nam_fw-la tristis_fw-la humus_fw-la superanda_fw-la colendo_fw-la est_fw-la rapinus_n l._n 2._o note_v that_o 6_o bushel_n of_o acorn_n will_v sow_v or_o plant_v a_o acre_n at_o one_o foot_n distance_n 3._o your_o plant_n begin_v now_o to_o peep_v shall_v be_v earth_v up_o and_o comfort_v a_o little_a especial_o after_o break_v of_o the_o great_a frost_n and_o when_o the_o swell_a mould_n be_v apt_a to_o spew_v they_o forth_o but_o when_o they_o be_v about_o a_o inch_n above_o ground_n you_o may_v in_o a_o moist_a season_n draw_v they_o up_o where_o they_o be_v too_o thick_a and_o set_v they_o immediate_o in_o other_o line_n or_o bed_n prepare_v for_o they_o or_o you_o may_v plant_v they_o in_o double_a foss_n where_o they_o may_v abide_v for_o good_a and_o all_o and_o to_o remain_v till_o they_o be_v of_o a_o competent_a stature_n to_o be_v transplant_v where_o they_o shall_v be_v set_v at_o such_o distance_n as_o their_o several_a kind_n require_v but_o if_o you_o draw_v they_o only_o for_o the_o thin_a of_o your_o seminary_n prick_v they_o into_o some_o empty_a bed_n or_o a_o plantarium_fw-la purposely_o design_v at_o one_o foot_n interval_n leave_v the_o rest_n at_o two_o or_o three_o 4._o when_o your_o seedling_n have_v stand_v thus_o till_o june_n bestow_v a_o slight_a dig_v upon_o they_o and_o scatter_v a_o little_a mungy_a half_a rot_a litter_n fearn_n bean-hame_a or_o old_a leave_n among_o they_o to_o preserve_v the_o root_n from_o scorch_a and_o to_o entertain_v the_o moisture_n and_o then_o in_o march_n follow_v by_o which_o time_n it_o will_v be_v quite_o consume_v and_o very_o mellow_a you_o shall_v chap_v it_o all_o into_o the_o earth_n and_o mingle_v it_o together_o continue_v this_o process_n for_o two_o or_o three_o year_n successive_o for_o till_o then_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o kernel_n will_v hardly_o be_v spend_v in_o the_o plant_n which_o be_v of_o main_a import_n but_o then_o and_o that_o the_o stature_n of_o your_o young_a imp_n invite_v you_o may_v plant_v they_o forth_o careful_o take_v up_o their_o root_n and_o cut_v the_o stem_n within_o a_o inch_n of_o the_o ground_n if_o the_o kind_n of_o which_o hereafter_o suffer_v the_o knife_n set_v they_o where_o they_o be_v to_o continue_v if_o thus_o you_o reduce_v they_o to_o the_o distance_n of_o forty_o foot_n the_o interval_n may_v be_v plant_v with_o ash_n which_o may_v be_v fell_v either_o for_o pole_n or_o timber_n without_o the_o least_o prejudice_n of_o the_o oak_n some_o repeat_v the_o cut_n we_o speak_v of_o the_o second_o year_n and_o after_o march_n the_o moon_n decrease_v re-cut_a they_o at_o half_a a_o foot_n from_o the_o surface_n and_o then_o meddle_v with_o they_o no_o more_o but_o this_o if_o the_o process_n be_v not_o more_o severe_a than_o needs_o must_v be_v do_v with_o a_o very_a sharp_a instrument_n and_o with_o care_n lest_o you_o violate_v and_o unsettle_v the_o root_n which_o be_v likewise_o to_o be_v practise_v upon_o all_o those_o which_o you_o do_v not_o transplant_v unless_o you_o find_v they_o very_o thrive_a tree_n and_o than_o it_o shall_v suffice_v to_o prune_v off_o the_o branch_n and_o spare_v the_o top_n for_o this_o do_v not_o only_o great_o establish_v your_o plant_n by_o divert_v the_o sap_n to_o the_o root_n but_o likewise_o free_v they_o from_o the_o injury_n and_o concussion_n of_o the_o wind_n and_o make_v they_o to_o produce_v handsome_a straight_o shoot_v infinite_o preferable_a to_o such_o as_o be_v abandon_v to_o nature_n and_o accident_n without_o this_o discipline_n by_o this_o mean_v the_o oak_n will_v become_v excellent_a timber_n shoot_v into_o straight_a and_o single_a stem_n the_o chess-nut_n ash_n etc._n etc._n multiply_v into_o pole_n which_o you_o may_v reduce_v to_o standard_n at_o pleasure_n to_o this_o i_o add_v that_o as_o oft_o as_o you_o make_v your_o annual_a transplant_n out_o of_o the_o nursery_n by_o draw_v forth_o the_o choice_a stock_n the_o remainder_n will_v be_v improve_v by_o a_o due_a stir_v and_o turn_v of_o the_o mould_n about_o their_o root_n 5._o theophrastus_n in_o his_o three_o book_n the_o cause_n c._n 7._o give_v we_o great_a caution_n in_o plant_v to_o preserve_v the_o root_n and_o especial_o the_o earth_n adhere_v to_o the_o small_a fiber_n which_o shall_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v shake_v off_o as_o most_o of_o our_o gardener_n do_v to_o trim_v and_o quicken_v they_o as_o they_o pretend_v which_o be_v to_o cut_v they_o short_a etc._n etc._n not_o at_o all_o consider_v that_o those_o tender_a hair_n be_v the_o very_a mouth_n and_o 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or_o above_o three_o cato_n
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this_o year_n have_v one_o circle_n of_o prick_n or_o wood_n less_o than_o the_o graft_n of_o two_o year_n growth_n and_o that_o of_o two_o year_n growth_n may_v the_o next_o year_n have_v one_o circle_n more_o than_o it_o have_v the_o last_o year_n but_o this_o only_a till_o that_o branch_n shoot_v no_o more_o graft_n and_o then_o it_o be_v doubtful_a whether_o the_o outmost_a twig_n obtain_v any_o more_o circle_n or_o remain_v at_o a_o stay_n only_o nourish_v not_o augment_v in_o the_o circle_n it_o will_v also_o be_v inquire_v whether_o the_o circle_n of_o prick_n increase_v not_o till_o midsummer_n and_o after_o and_o the_o circle_n of_o wood_n from_o thence_o to_o the_o follow_a spring_n but_o this_o may_v suffice_v unless_o i_o shall_v subjoin_v 22._o the_o vegetative_a motion_n of_o plant_n with_o the_o diagram_n of_o the_o jesuit_n kercher_n where_o he_o discourse_v of_o their_o stupendous_a magnetism_n etc._n etc._n can_v there_o any_o thing_n material_a be_v add_v to_o what_o have_v already_o be_v so_o ingenious_o inquire_v into_o therefore_o let_v we_o proceed_v to_o their_o felling_n felling_n 23._o it_o shall_v be_v in_o this_o status_fw-la vigour_n and_o perfection_n of_o tree_n that_o a_o felling_n shall_v be_v celebrate_v since_o while_o our_o wood_n be_v grow_v it_o be_v pity_n and_o indeed_o too_o soon_o and_o when_o they_o be_v decay_v too_o late_o i_o do_v not_o pretend_v that_o a_o man_n who_o have_v occasion_n for_o timber_n be_v oblige_v to_o attend_v so_o many_o age_n ere_o he_o fall_v his_o tree_n but_o i_o do_v by_o this_o infer_v how_o high_o necessary_a it_o be_v that_o man_n shall_v perpetual_o be_v plant_v that_o so_o posterity_n may_v have_v tree_n fit_a for_o their_o service_n of_o competent_a that_o be_v of_o a_o middle_a growth_n and_o age_n which_o it_o be_v impossible_a they_o shall_v have_v if_o we_o thus_o continue_v to_o destroy_v our_o wood_n without_o this_o providential_a plant_v in_o their_o stead_n and_o fell_v what_o we_o do_v cut_v down_o with_o great_a discretion_n and_o regard_n of_o the_o future_a 24._o such_o therefore_o as_o we_o shall_v perceive_v to_o decay_n be_v first_o to_o be_v pick_v out_o for_o the_o axe_n and_o then_o those_o which_o be_v in_o their_o state_n or_o approach_v to_o it_o but_o the_o very_a thrive_a and_o manifest_o improve_n indulge_v as_o much_o as_o possible_a but_o to_o explore_v the_o goodness_n and_o sincerity_n of_o a_o standing-tree_n be_v not_o the_o easy_a thing_n in_o the_o world_n we_o shall_v anon_o have_v occasion_n to_o mention_v my_o l._n bacon_n experiment_n to_o detect_v the_o hollowness_n of_o timber_n but_o there_o be_v doubtless_o none_o more_o infallible_a than_o the_o bore_v it_o with_o a_o middling_a pierce_a make_v auger_n fashion_n and_o by_o frequent_a pull_v out_o and_o examine_v what_o substance_n come_v along_o with_o it_o as_o those_o who_o bear_v the_o earth_n to_o explore_v what_o mineral_n the_o place_n be_v impregn_v with_o and_o as_o sound_a cheese_n be_v taste_v some_o again_o there_o be_v who_o by_o dig_v a_o little_a about_o the_o root_n will_v pronounce_v shrewd_o concern_v the_o state_n of_o a_o tree_n and_o if_o they_o find_v he_o perish_v at_o the_o top_n for_o tree_n die_v upward_o as_o man_n do_v from_o the_o foot_n be_v sure_o the_o cause_n lie_v deep_a for_o it_o be_v ever_o a_o mark_n of_o great_a decay_n in_o the_o root_n there_o be_v also_o a_o swell_a vein_n which_o discover_v itself_o eminent_o above_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o stem_n though_o like_o the_o rest_n invest_v with_o bark_n and_o which_o frequent_o circle_v about_o and_o embrace_v the_o tree_n like_o a_o branch_n of_o ivy_n which_o be_v a_o infallible_a indication_n of_o hollowness_n and_o hypocrisy_n within_o 25._o the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n for_o this_o destructive_a work_n be_v not_o usual_o till_o about_o the_o end_n of_o april_n at_o which_o season_n the_o bark_n do_v common_o rise_v free_o though_o the_o opinion_n and_o practice_n of_o man_n have_v be_v very_o different_a vitruvius_n be_v for_o a_o autumnal_a fall_n other_o advise_v december_n and_o january_n cato_n be_v of_o opinion_n tree_n shall_v have_v first_o bear_v their_o fruit_n or_o at_o least_o not_o till_o full_a ripe_a which_o agree_v with_o that_o of_o the_o architect_n and_o though_o timber_n unbark_v be_v indeed_o more_o obnoxious_a to_o the_o worm_n and_o to_o contract_v somewhat_o a_o dark_a hue_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n so_o many_o have_v commend_v the_o season_n when_o it_o will_v most_o free_o strip_v yet_o be_v this_o to_o be_v rather_o consider_v for_o such_o tree_n as_o one_o will_v leave_v round_o and_o unsquared_a since_o we_o find_v the_o wild_a oak_n and_o many_o other_o sort_n fell_v over_o late_o and_o
it_o either_o do_v not_o or_o that_o they_o have_v reason_n to_o doubt_v that_o it_o will_v not_o work_v or_o ferment_n strong_o enough_o they_o have_v use_v to_o put_v in_o mustard_n or_o some_o other_o thing_n of_o like_a nature_n to_o increase_v the_o fermentation_n now_o that_o which_o in_o cider_n of_o pippin_n have_v be_v a_o cause_n of_o great_a fermentation_n than_o in_o cider_n of_o hard-apple_n be_v both_o use_v after_o the_o former_a method_n be_v this_o that_o the_o pippin_n be_v a_o soft_a fruit_n be_v in_o the_o mill_n bruise_v into_o small_a particle_n than_o the_o hard_a sort_n of_o apple_n and_o consequent_o more_o of_o those_o small_a part_n pass_v the_o strainer_n in_o the_o pepin-cider_n than_o in_o the_o cider_n of_o hard-apple_n which_o cause_v a_o strong_a fermentation_n and_o according_a to_o my_o former_a principle_n a_o great_a loss_n of_o the_o native_a sweetness_n than_o in_o that_o of_o hard-apple-cider_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o the_o lee_n of_o the_o hard-apple-cider_n be_v compound_v of_o great_a particle_n than_o the_o lee_n of_o the_o pepin-cider_n every_o individual_a particle_n be_v in_o itself_o of_o a_o great_a weight_n than_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o lee_n of_o the_o pepin-cider_n and_o consequent_o less_o apt_a to_o rise_v upon_o small_a motion_n which_o produce_v this_o effect_n that_o when_o the_o fermentation_n of_o the_o hard-apple-cider_n be_v once_o over_o unless_o the_o vessel_n be_v stir_v it_o seldom_o fall_v to_o a_o second_o fermentation_n but_o in_o pepin-cider_n it_o be_v otherwise_o for_o if_o the_o gross_a lee_n be_v still_o remain_v with_o the_o cider_n it_o need_v not_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o vessel_n to_o cause_v a_o new_a fermentation_n but_o every_o motion_n of_o the_o air_n by_o a_o change_n of_o weather_n from_o dry_a to_o moist_a will_v cause_v a_o new_a fermentation_n and_o consequent_o make_v it_o work_v till_o it_o have_v destroy_v itself_o by_o lose_v its_o native_a sweetness_n and_o this_o alone_a have_v be_v the_o cause_n why_o common_o when_o they_o broach_v their_o pepin-cider_n they_o find_v it_o so_o unpleasant_a that_o general_o the_o hard-apple-cider_n be_v prefer_v before_o it_o although_o at_o first_o it_o be_v not_o so_o pleasant_a as_o the_o pepin-cider_n yet_o after_o this_o mischief_n have_v prevail_v over_o the_o pepin-cider_n it_o be_v no_o wonder_n to_o find_v the_o hard-apple-cider_n remain_v not_o only_o the_o strong_a but_o even_o the_o more_o pleasant_a taste_v this_o to_o i_o seem_v satisfactory_a for_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o cause_n why_o in_o herefordshire_n the_o hard-apple-cider_n be_v prefer_v before_o the_o pepin-cider_n but_o perhaps_o it_o may_v by_o some_o be_v object_v that_o they_o have_v before_o the_o ten_o year_n in_o which_o you_o pretend_v you_o find_v this_o to_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o spoil_v the_o pepin-cider_n be_v in_o herefordshire_n and_o taste_v the_o best_a cider_n that_o country_n do_v afford_v and_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o like_o the_o pepin-cider_n they_o have_v before_o then_o taste_v in_o other_o part_n to_o this_o i_o do_v answer_n at_o present_a brief_o that_o by_o some_o mistake_n or_o chance_n the_o maker_n of_o this_o pepin-cider_n which_o prove_v good_a have_v do_v that_o or_o somewhat_o like_o that_o which_o under_o the_o next_o assertion_n i_o shall_v set_v down_o as_o a_o method_n to_o cure_v the_o inconvenience_n which_o happen_v to_o pepin-cider_n by_o the_o suffering_n it_o to_o ferment_n too_o often_o or_o too_o strong_o but_o till_o that_o be_v explain_v it_o will_v be_v improper_a to_o show_v more_o full_o what_o these_o particular_a accident_n may_v possible_o be_v which_o without_o the_o intention_n of_o those_o person_n which_o make_v the_o cider_n cause_v it_o to_o prove_v much_o better_a than_o their_o expectation_n or_o indeed_o better_o than_o any_o can_v afterward_o make_v they_o possible_o assign_v the_o goodness_n of_o that_o cider_n to_o somewhat_o that_o be_v not_o real_o the_o cause_n of_o that_o effect_n to_o justify_v my_o four_o assertion_n and_o show_v a_o method_n how_o to_o cure_v the_o inconveniency_n which_o happen_v to_o pepin-cider_n by_o the_o over-working_a i_o must_v first_o take_v notice_n of_o some_o thing_n which_o i_o have_v be_v often_o tell_v concern_v wine_n and_o which_o indeed_o give_v i_o the_o light_n to_o know_v what_o be_v the_o cause_n which_o have_v make_v pepin-cider_n that_o have_v wrought_v long_o hard_o when_o it_o come_v to_o be_v clear_a again_o the_o thing_n i_o mean_v be_v that_o in_o divers_a part_n and_o even_o in_o france_n they_o make_v three_o sort_n of_o wine_n out_o of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o grape_n that_o be_v they_o first_o take_v the_o juice_n of_o the_o grape_n without_o any_o more_o press_v than_o what_o come_v from_o their_o own_o weight_n in_o the_o what_fw-mi and_o the_o bruise_n they_o have_v in_o put_v into_o vessel_n which_o cause_v the_o ripe_a of_o those_o grape_n to_o break_v and_o the_o juice_n without_o any_o press_n at_o all_o make_v the_o pleasant_a and_o most_o delicate_a wine_n and_o if_o the_o grape_n be_v red_a then_o be_v this_o first_o wine_n very_o pale_a the_o second_o sort_n they_o press_v a_o little_a which_o make_v a_o red_a wine_n but_o neither_o so_o pleasant_a as_o the_o first_o nor_o so_o harsh_a as_o the_o last_o which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o utmost_a press_v of_o the_o very_a skin_n of_o the_o grape_n and_o be_v by_o much_o more_o harsh_a and_o of_o deep_a colour_n than_o either_o of_o the_o other_o two_o now_o i_o presume_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o at_o least_o in_o part_n to_o be_v that_o in_o the_o first_o sort_n of_o wine_n which_o have_v little_a of_o the_o substance_n beside_o the_o very_a juice_n of_o the_o grape_n there_o be_v little_a lee_n and_o consequent_o little_a fermentation_n and_o because_o it_o do_v not_o work_v long_o it_o lose_v but_o little_a of_o the_o original_a sweetness_n it_o have_v the_o second_o sort_n be_v a_o little_a more_o press_v have_v somewhat_o more_o of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o grape_n add_v to_o the_o juice_n and_o therefore_o have_v more_o of_o that_o part_n which_o cause_v fermentation_n put_v with_o it_o ferment_n more_o strong_o and_o be_v therefore_o when_o it_o have_v do_v work_v less_o pleasant_a than_o the_o first_o sort_n which_o wrought_v less_o and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o three_o sort_n be_v most_o of_o all_o press_v have_v most_o of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o grape_n mingle_v with_o the_o liquor_n and_o work_v the_o long_a but_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o work_n when_o it_o settle_v and_o be_v clear_a it_o be_v much_o more_o harsh_a than_o either_o of_o the_o two_o first_o sort_n the_o thought_n of_o this_o make_v i_o first_o apprehend_v that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o apple_n mingle_v with_o the_o juice_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o fermentation_n which_o be_v real_o nothing_o else_o but_o a_o endeavour_n of_o the_o liquor_n to_o free_v itself_o from_o those_o heterogeneous_a part_n which_o be_v mingle_v with_o it_o and_o where_o there_o be_v the_o great_a proportion_n of_o those_o dissimilar_v part_n mingle_v with_o the_o liquor_n the_o endeavour_n of_o nature_n must_v be_v the_o strong_a and_o take_v up_o more_o time_n to_o perfect_v the_o separation_n which_o when_o finish_v leave_v all_o the_o liquor_n clear_a and_o the_o gross_a part_n settle_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n which_o we_o call_v the_o lee._n nor_o do_v this_o apprehension_n deceive_v i_o for_o when_o i_o begin_v according_a to_o the_o method_n which_o i_o shall_v hereafter_o set_v down_o to_o separate_v a_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o lee_n from_o the_o cider_n before_o it_o have_v ferment_v i_o find_v it_o to_o retain_v a_o very_a great_a part_n of_o its_o original_a sweetness_n more_o than_o it_o will_v have_v do_v if_o the_o lee_n have_v not_o be_v take_v away_o before_o the_o fermentation_n and_o this_o not_o once_o but_o constant_o for_o seven_o year_n now_o the_o method_n which_o i_o use_v be_v this_o when_o the_o cider_n be_v first_o strain_v i_o put_v it_o into_o a_o great_a what_fw-mi and_o there_o let_v it_o stand_v twenty_o four_o hour_n at_o least_o sometime_o more_o if_o the_o apple_n be_v more_o ripe_a than_o ordinary_a and_o then_o at_o a_o tap_n before_o prepare_v in_o the_o vessel_n three_o or_o four_o inch_n from_o the_o bottom_n i_o draw_v it_o into_o pail_n and_o from_o thence_o fill_v the_o hogshead_n or_o lesser_a vessel_n and_o leave_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o lee_n behind_o and_o during_o this_o time_n that_o the_o cider_n stand_v in_o the_o what_fw-mi i_o keep_v it_o as_o close_v cover_v with_o hair-clothe_n or_o sack_n as_o i_o can_v that_o so_o too_o much_o of_o the_o spirit_n may_v not_o evaporate_v now_o possible_o i_o may_v be_v ask_v