and_o signify_v a_o notion_n which_o our_o understanding_n do_v apprehend_v a_o resultancy_n or_o reflection_n proceed_v from_o a_o be_v object_v to_o our_o understanding_n which_o have_v a_o force_n to_o argue_v that_o be_v have_v of_o its_o nature_n a_o power_n aptitude_n or_o fitness_n to_o bring_v the_o thing_n object_v unto_o our_o understanding_n into_o the_o knowledge_n and_o intuition_n thereof_o i_o omit_v to_o give_v instance_n of_o these_o thing_n because_o that_o will_v better_o be_v do_v in_o set_v out_o the_o nature_n of_o particular_a argument_n wherefore_o now_o we_o have_v full_o do_v with_o the_o first_o precept_n of_o logic_n i_o will_v proceed_v to_o the_o second_o chap._n ii_o the_o distribution_n of_o logic_n logic_n have_v two_o part_n the_o find_v out_o of_o argument_n ramus_n ramus_n dispose_v of_o argument_n this_o precept_n must_v have_v the_o second_o place_n for_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n themselves_o do_v require_v it_o because_o by_o this_o we_o come_v to_o know_v what_o particular_n be_v wrap_v up_o in_o the_o former_a precept_n and_o aristotle_n in_o the_o 6._o book_n of_o his_o topic_n and_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o first_o chapter_n require_v that_o the_o thing_n define_v be_v distribute_v into_o part_n ramus_n take_v this_o precept_n out_o of_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o aristotle_n category_n where_o we_o have_v these_o word_n those_o thing_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o logic_n be_v without_o complexion_n with_o complexion_n i_o say_v ramus_n follow_v aristotle_n in_o this_o partition_n and_o the_o thing_n itself_o show_v it_o for_o they_o both_o divide_v logic_n into_o two_o part_n the_o first_o part_n in_o logic_n according_a to_o aristotle_n be_v thing_n without_o complexion_n so_o be_v they_o according_a to_o ramus_n as_o his_o own_o word_n do_v witness_v when_o he_o term_v they_o several_a respect_n of_o thing_n consider_v alone_o and_o by_o themselves_o aristotle_n give_v his_o incomplexed_a thing_n no_o name_n but_o thereby_o he_o mean_v argument_n as_o they_o be_v undispose_v as_o his_o next_o precept_n do_v show_v and_o ramus_n give_v they_o that_o name_n express_o ramus_n call_v the_o first_o part_n of_o logic_n invention_n and_o so_o do_v aristotle_n too_o as_o we_o may_v gather_v from_o the_o 32._o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o priorums_fw-la where_o a_o little_a after_o the_o beginning_n he_o require_v a_o faculty_n of_o invent_v in_o he_o that_o make_v a_o syllogism_n but_o more_o plain_o and_o full_o we_o find_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o the_o eight_o book_n of_o his_o topic_n to_o find_v out_o say_v he_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o a_o man_n may_v argue_v appertain_v to_o logic_n therefore_o unto_o the_o first_o part_n of_o logic_n for_o it_o can_v have_v no_o other_o place_n ramus_n call_v the_o second_o part_n of_o logic_n disposition_n so_o do_v aristotle_n also_o in_o the_o place_n last_o allege_v where_o he_o require_v of_o a_o logician_n to_o dispose_v singular_a thing_n by_o themselves_o and_o he_o say_v that_o this_o disposition_n be_v proper_a to_o a_o logician_n and_o therefore_o belong_v to_o logic_n and_o consequent_o it_o be_v a_o second_o part_n thereof_o for_o it_o can_v be_v the_o first_o yea_o that_o aristotle_n mean_v thus_o do_v undoubted_o appear_v because_o he_o appoint_v his_o logician_n first_o to_o find_v out_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o tâ—_n argue_v and_o then_o in_o the_o second_o place_n to_o dispose_v they_o be_v so_o find_v out_o two_o part_v that_o be_v the_o precept_n of_o logic_n tend_v unto_o two_o thing_n or_o end_n and_o they_o be_v call_v part_n because_o all_o those_o precept_n be_v share_v or_o part_v between_o these_o two_o end_n some_o of_o they_o appertain_v to_o the_o one_o and_o the_o rest_n unto_o the_o other_o find_v out_o to_o find_v out_o sometime_o signify_v to_o discover_v a_o thing_n that_o be_v secret_a but_o here_o it_o be_v not_o so_o take_v but_o the_o meaning_n be_v that_o the_o precept_n of_o logic_n do_v assign_v the_o seat_n and_o place_n of_o argument_n and_o describe_v and_o set_v forth_o the_o nature_n of_o they_o and_o so_o much_o for_o the_o general_a distribution_n of_o logic_n chap._n iii_o of_o the_o seat_n of_o argument_n in_o general_n aristotle_n assign_v ten_o place_n or_o seat_n of_o argument_n in_o the_o four_o chapter_n of_o his_o category_n in_o these_o word_n those_o thing_n which_o we_o find_v in_o logic_n without_o all_o conjunction_n do_v signify_v 1_o substance_n as_o a_o man_n a_o beast_n etc._n etc._n 2_o quantity_n as_o two_o or_o three_o cubit_n 3_o quality_n as_o white_z etc._n etc._n 4_o relation_n as_o double_a half_a etc._n etc._n 5_o where_o as_o in_o the_o field_n etc._n etc._n 6_o when_o as_o yesterday_o the_o year_n past_a 7_o the_o place_n as_o he_o sit_v etc._n etc._n 8_o to_o enjoy_v as_o to_o be_v arm_v etc._n etc._n 9_o todoe_n as_o to_o cut_v etc._n etc._n 10_o to_o suffer_v as_o to_o be_v cut_v etc._n etc._n he_o repeat_v the_o same_o doctrine_n in_o the_o nine_o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n of_o the_o topic_n and_o in_o both_o place_n he_o do_v explicate_v they_o by_o certain_a property_n that_o be_v common_a to_o they_o all_o joint_o viz._n 1._o they_o neither_o affirm_v nor_o deny_v 2._o they_o be_v neither_o false_a nor_o true_a 3._o a_o conjunction_n be_v add_v to_o they_o they_o contain_v negation_n or_o affirmation_n truth_n or_o falsehood_n 4._o all_o proposition_n be_v frame_v from_o they_o in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o category_n and_o in_o his_o prior._n lib._n 1._o cap._n 27._o eorum_fw-la igitur_fw-la post_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 22._o he_o do_v divide_v they_o thus_o these_o ten_o be_v either_o subject_v only_o predicate_v only_o or_o subject_v and_o predicate_v also_o this_o distribution_n be_v fit_o set_v out_o by_o altisiodore_n in_o his_o preface_n a._n and_o b._n where_o he_o have_v these_o word_n a_o argument_n be_v that_o which_o prove_v or_o be_v prove_v this_o be_v all_o that_o i_o find_v touch_v argument_n in_o general_n aristotle_n deliver_v the_o doctrine_n of_o substance_n which_o be_v the_o first_o seat_n of_o argument_n in_o the_o five_o chapter_n allege_v which_o contain_v these_o four_o thing_n 1._o a_o substance_n be_v every_o thing_n of_o which_o we_o may_v say_v that_o it_o be_v we_o find_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o thomas_n whatsoever_o say_v he_o be_v essential_a to_o a_o thing_n appertain_v unto_o substance_n 1._o p.q._n 77._o art_n 1._o ad_fw-la 1m._o 2._o substance_n be_v first_o as_o every_o singular_a &_o individual_a thing_n second_n as_o genus_fw-la and_o species_n 3._o genus_fw-la and_o species_n signify_v substance_n by_o a_o figurative_a speech_n not_o proper_o they_o signify_v rather_o the_o manner_n according_a to_o which_o a_o thing_n be_v 4._o a_o singular_a thing_n be_v most_o proper_o a_o substance_n because_o all_o other_o thing_n be_v attribute_v thereunto_o and_o that_o attribute_v unto_o none_o thus_o have_v i_o set_v down_o all_o that_o i_o find_v in_o aristotle_n touch_v the_o nature_n of_o those_o argument_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o first_o place_n or_o seat_n of_o argument_n for_o this_o time_n we_o must_v omit_v the_o consideration_n of_o the_o second_o substance_n for_o that_o have_v the_o last_o place_n in_o this_o first_o part_n of_o logic_n the_o first_o substance_n come_v now_o to_o be_v handle_v thomas_n do_v whole_o subscribe_v unto_o aristotle_n for_o this_o distinction_n and_o explication_n of_o substance_n report_v out_o of_o aristotle_n and_o he_o show_v the_o same_o in_o this_o short_a sentence_n viz_o in_o the_o name_n of_o first_o substance_n be_v intend_v the_o nature_n of_o universal_a and_o part_n 1._o p.q._n 29._o art_n 3._o ad_fw-la 2m._o and_o for_o further_a explication_n he_o say_v 1._o p._n q_o 75._o art_n 2._o ad_fw-la 2m._o a_o first_o or_o individual_a substance_n may_v be_v take_v two_o way_n one_o way_n for_o every_o thing_n that_o have_v a_o substance_n another_o way_n for_o a_o complete_a subsistency_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o any_o species_n from_o whence_o a_o man_n hand_n may_v be_v call_v a_o first_o substance_n or_o a_o individual_a thing_n after_o the_o first_o sort_n but_o not_o after_o the_o second_o so_o also_o a_o man_n soul_n may_v be_v call_v a_o first_o substance_n or_o a_o singular_a thing_n in_o the_o first_o sort_n because_o it_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n that_o subsi_v but_o that_o which_o be_v compound_v of_o soul_n and_o body_n be_v call_v a_o first_o substance_n or_o a_o individual_a be_v in_o the_o second_o sense_n unto_o this_o place_n must_v be_v refer_v every_o individual_a effect_n as_o it_o consist_v by_o force_n of_o all_o the_o cause_n and_o every_o individual_a subject_n that_o receive_v any_o outward_a change_n
whether_o it_o be_v by_o the_o substract_n of_o something_o enjoy_v or_o the_o receive_n of_o something_o that_o be_v add_v the_o nature_n of_o these_o effect_n and_o subject_n be_v deliver_v by_o aristotle_n in_o his_o ten_o place_n or_o seat_n of_o argument_n viz._n of_o suffering_n i_o say_v they_o be_v contain_v there_o for_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o thomas_n 1._o p.q._n 79._o art_n to_o suffer_v be_v no_o more_o but_z to_o lose_v thing_n enjoy_v whether_o appertain_v to_o nature_n or_o not_o appertain_v thereto_o or_o to_o be_v bring_v from_o power_n to_o act_v and_o therefore_o aristotle_n ten_o seat_n of_o suffer_v import_v the_o whole_a nature_n of_o every_o individual_a effect_n and_o subject_a as_o it_o be_v a_o effect_n and_o subject_a now_o i_o conceive_v that_o this_o be_v whole_o agreeable_a unto_o aristotle_n meaning_n because_o in_o his_o doctrine_n of_o predicated_a argument_n he_o speak_v not_o a_o word_n of_o effect_n and_o subject_n this_o doctrine_n be_v peculiar_a to_o aristotle_n ramus_n do_v not_o acknowledge_v it_o for_o he_o have_v not_o a_o word_n of_o it_o it_o may_v be_v he_o conceive_v that_o 1._o to_o set_v down_o all_o the_o seat_n of_o argument_n in_o one_o place_n together_o will_v breed_v a_o needle_n repetition_n 2._o these_o single_a term_n do_v not_o appertain_v to_o logic_n 3._o the_o first_o substance_n or_o thing_n subject_v in_o every_o sentence_n have_v not_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o argument_n it_o be_v very_o likely_a that_o he_o think_v thus_o because_o this_o doctrine_n of_o aristotle_n have_v be_v ancient_o receive_v therefore_o he_o will_v not_o depart_v from_o it_o unless_o he_o have_v some_o reason_n for_o it_o and_o i_o conceive_v he_o have_v no_o reason_n but_o these_o 3._o i_o answer_v these_o three_o argument_n be_v insufficient_a the_o first_o because_o aristotle_n do_v never_o repeat_v or_o handle_v these_o ten_o seat_n of_o argument_n twice_o but_o in_o stead_n of_o they_o sometime_o he_o bring_v in_o the_o doctrine_n of_o a_o definition_n property_n genus_fw-la accident_n as_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o those_o ten_o seat_n of_o argument_n and_o this_o we_o find_v in_o the_o 8._o and_o 9_o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o topic_n some_o other_o time_n he_o set_v out_o the_o nature_n of_o other_o argument_n but_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v either_o contain_v in_o these_o 4._o or_o arise_v from_o they_o and_o at_o most_o he_o do_v but_o explicate_v at_o large_a the_o same_o thing_n that_o he_o have_v set_v down_o summary_o in_o the_o 10._o place_n aforesaid_a neither_o be_v the_o second_o reason_n good_a for_o those_o 10._o thing_n be_v propound_v not_o as_o meâ—re_v and_o simple_a being_n but_o in_o respect_n of_o that_o reflection_n or_o relation_n which_o arise_v out_o of_o they_o unto_o our_o understanding_n for_o he_o do_v intend_v they_o as_o they_o may_v be_v fit_a to_o argue_v and_o serve_v unto_o the_o frame_n of_o disputation_n either_o in_o single_a proposition_n or_o in_o syllogism_n as_o himself_o express_o show_v in_o the_o 8._o and_o 9_o chapter_n allege_v and_o this_o be_v also_o evident_a by_o the_o property_n which_o he_o assign_v unto_o they_o viz_o they_o contain_v truth_n or_o falsehood_n affirmation_n or_o negation_n when_o one_o of_o they_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o other_o the_o three_o also_o be_v insufficient_a for_o the_o first_o substance_n or_o subject_a part_n of_o every_o sentence_n have_v true_o and_o proper_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o argument_n for_o it_o have_v a_o relation_n or_o emanation_n unto_o many_o thing_n that_o may_v be_v add_v or_o attribute_v to_o it_o so_o as_o we_o conceive_v it_o to_o be_v a_o receptive_a thing_n 1._o of_o the_o cause_n whereof_o it_o be_v compound_v and_o constitute_v 2._o of_o the_o property_n flow_v from_o it_o 3._o and_o of_o outward_a addition_n whereby_o it_o be_v beautify_v and_o make_v to_o differ_v and_o dissent_v from_o other_o and_o whereby_o it_o be_v make_v equal_a or_o unequal_a like_a or_o unlike_a unto_o other_o as_o we_o shall_v plain_o see_v when_o we_o come_v to_o the_o particular_n and_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o aristotle_n understand_v that_o argument_n which_o he_o call_v the_o first_o substance_n after_o this_o sort_n for_o in_o the_o say_v 5_o chapter_n of_o his_o category_n he_o say_v it_o be_v proper_a unto_o the_o first_o substance_n to_o receive_v contrary_n as_o sickness_n and_o health_n blackness_n and_o whiteness_n and_o thereby_o to_o be_v change_v from_o well_o to_o ill_o from_o white_a to_o black_a the_o only_a doubt_n be_v whether_o a_o individual_a effect_n and_o subject_n be_v some_o way_n predicate_v or_o not_o ramus_n say_v yea_o and_o bring_v they_o as_o predicate_v argument_n aristotle_n do_v not_o so_o and_o no_o doubt_n he_o have_v the_o truth_n no_o individual_a effect_n be_v predicate_v i_o have_v three_o reason_n for_o it_o first_o we_o never_o find_v any_o such_o predication_n in_o the_o formal_a writing_n in_o the_o school_n 2._o no_o man_n can_v say_v this_o individual_a thing_n consist_v of_o soul_n and_o body_n be_v this_o man_n for_o the_o predicate_a be_v less_o know_v than_o the_o subject_n the_o subject_n engender_v distinct_a and_o certain_a knowledge_n because_o it_o comprehend_v all_o the_o cause_n but_o no_o man_n will_v say_v so_o of_o the_o predicate_v nor_o so_o much_o 3._o the_o authority_n of_o the_o school_n be_v against_o it_o i_o will_v allege_v thomas_n for_o they_o all_o a_o integrall_a whole_a say_v he_o 1._o p._n 1._o 77._o art_n 1._o ad_fw-la 1m._o be_v not_o predicate_v of_o all_o the_o part_n together_o unless_o improper_o as_o when_o we_o say_v these_o wall_n this_o foundation_n and_o roof_n be_v this_o house_n for_o the_o subject_n the_o matter_n be_v yet_o more_o clear_a we_o can_v say_v this_o learning_n be_v this_o man_n thomas_n say_v true_o 1._o p._n q._n 29._o art_n 3._o ad_fw-la 3_o m_o accident_n do_v man_n est_fw-la the_o subject_n but_o he_o never_o say_v nor_o any_o man_n else_o that_o the_o subject_n do_v manifest_v the_o accident_n and_o no_o marvel_n why_o for_o if_o the_o subject_n be_v predicate_v of_o the_o accident_n than_o we_o must_v conceive_v that_o the_o accident_n be_v without_o and_o before_o the_o subject_n but_o no_o man_n will_v say_v so_o therefore_o we_o may_v conclude_v the_o individual_a effect_n and_o subject_a be_v fit_o comprehend_v under_o the_o name_n of_o a_o first_o substance_n thus_o i_o have_v set_v down_o and_o explicate_v the_o general_a nature_n of_o argument_n and_o the_o special_a nature_n of_o that_o argument_n which_o be_v always_o subject_v or_o argue_v in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o come_v to_o those_o argument_n which_o be_v always_o predicate_v chap._n four_o the_o distribution_n of_o predicated_a argument_n argument_n be_v positive_a consent_v absolute_o ramus_n ramus_n after_o a_o sort_n dissent_v comparative_a a_o positive_a argument_n be_v that_o which_o 〈◊〉_d attribute_v simple_o and_o absolute_o consider_v in_o itself_o not_o compare_v with_o other_o a_o consent_a argument_n be_v that_o which_o be_v predicate_v of_o the_o subject_n affirmative_o i_o find_v this_o doctrine_n of_o positive_a argument_n deliver_v by_o aristotle_n also_o and_o i_o will_v show_v it_o in_o his_o doctrine_n of_o consent_v argument_n in_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o his_o categorte_n he_o say_v some_o argument_n be_v of_o the_o subject_n and_o other_o some_o in_o the_o subject_n those_o i_o say_v be_v in_o the_o subject_n which_o be_v no_o part_n of_o it_o nor_o can_v be_v without_o that_o thing_n in_o which_o they_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n be_v teach_v by_o thomas_n yet_o more_o plain_o 1._o p._n q._n 25._o art_n 6._o in._n cor_o some_o argument_n say_v he_o be_v of_o the_o essence_n and_o other_o some_o without_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o subtect_n of_o which_o they_o be_v predicate_v i_o say_v this_o of_o thomas_n and_o that_o of_o aristotle_n be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o last_o two_o branch_n of_o ramus_n his_o division_n or_o at_o least_o it_o be_v comprehend_v in_o they_o for_o those_o that_o be_v of_o the_o essence_n do_v absolute_o agree_v with_o the_o subject_n of_o who_o essence_n they_o be_v they_o that_o be_v in_o the_o subject_n but_o without_o the_o essence_n thereof_o do_v agree_v to_o the_o subject_n after_o a_o sort_n see_v therefore_o they_o agree_v in_o those_o two_o last_o branch_n they_o must_v agree_v also_o in_o the_o former_a branch_n of_o the_o division_n see_v every_o argument_n that_o agree_v absolute_o do_v consent_n positive_o with_o the_o subject_n of_o which_o they_o be_v predicate_v and_o consequent_o it_o be_v enough_o to_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o whole_a if_o we_o do_v explicate_v and_o prosecute_v those_o two_o last_o branch_n and_o because_o i_o suppose_v that_o the_o
term_n of_o aristotle_n and_o thomas_n be_v more_o significant_a and_o fit_a i_o think_v it_o best_o to_o follow_v they_o of_o the_o essence_n by_o these_o word_n be_v set_v out_o such_o argument_n as_o be_v essential_a unto_o the_o thing_n of_o which_o they_o be_v predicate_v now_o all_o the_o cause_n be_v of_o this_o kind_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o effect_n be_v constitute_v by_o all_o the_o cause_n as_o thomas_n have_v teach_v we_o in_o 2._o do_v 27._o q._n 1._o art_n 2._o ad_fw-la 9m._o he_o say_v the_o effect_n be_v constitute_v by_o all_o the_o cause_n that_o be_v each_o one_o in_o its_o kind_n and_o manner_n of_o work_v for_o all_o of_o they_o do_v concur_v and_o bestow_v their_o force_n unto_o the_o procure_n of_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v these_o argument_n be_v all_o comprehend_v in_o the_o 9_o place_n of_o argument_n viz._n to_o do_v chap._n v._o the_o definition_n of_o a_o cause_n a_o cause_n be_v that_o by_o force_n whereof_o ramus_n ramus_n a_o thing_n be_v this_o argument_n which_o we_o call_v a_o cause_n be_v sometime_o take_v for_o every_o thing_n whereupon_o another_o follow_v and_o so_o say_v okam_n 1_o do_v 1._o q._n 3._o lit_fw-fr n._n wherefore_o as_o the_o same_o okam_n say_v 1._o do_v 41._o light_v f._n a_o cause_n be_v take_v two_o way_n sometime_o for_o every_o thing_n that_o have_v another_o thing_n as_o a_o effect_n thereof_o and_o sometime_o also_o for_o a_o proposition_n whereof_o another_o do_v follow_v thus_o far_o okam_n a_o cause_n in_o this_o place_n be_v take_v not_o so_o large_o as_o in_o okamâ—_n first_o and_o three_o sense_n but_o in_o the_o second_o a_o cause_n in_o this_o notion_n be_v also_o take_v for_o the_o thing_n itself_o which_o do_v cause_n and_o sometime_o also_o for_o the_o nature_n of_o cause_v or_o for_o the_o thing_n as_o it_o do_v exercise_v causallitie_n in_o act_n or_o for_o the_o relation_n of_o cause_v a_o cause_n be_v take_v in_o the_o second_o sense_n in_o this_o definition_n wherefore_o a_o cause_n be_v that_o of_o which_o the_o effect_n even_o by_o itself_o depend_v thus_o far_o the_o jesuite_n in_o their_o preface_n unto_o porphyrte_n by_o this_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o ramus_n and_o aristotle_n do_v full_o agree_v in_o the_o define_n of_o a_o cause_n and_o in_o the_o explication_n of_o that_o definition_n therefore_o we_o need_v not_o say_v more_o for_o the_o open_n thereof_o a_o few_o example_n will_v make_v it_o easy_o understand_v but_o we_o may_v not_o do_v that_o in_o this_o place_n lest_o we_o be_v force_v to_o repeat_v the_o same_o thing_n again_o when_o we_o come_v to_o the_o particular_n chap._n vi_o the_o distribution_n of_o a_o cause_n there_o be_v fourecause_n ramus_n ramus_n the_o efficient_a and_o matter_n form_n and_o end_n there_o be_v a_o universal_a agreement_n in_o this_o precept_n also_o aristotle_n make_v they_o these_o four_o as_o we_o may_v find_v in_o the_o 11._o chapter_n of_o the_o second_o book_n of_o his_o postertorum_n his_o word_n be_v these_o there_o be_v 4._o cause_n 1._o that_o which_o show_v what_o a_o thing_n be_v 2._o that_o which_o must_v be_v when_o the_o thing_n be_v 3._o that_o which_o move_v first_o 4._o that_o for_o which_o a_o thing_n be_v he_o have_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o the_o five_o book_n of_o his_o metaphysic_n and_o 23_o chapter_n thomas_n do_v follow_v he_o and_o do_v teach_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o 1a._o 2_o a._n q._n 72._o art_n 3._o in_o cor_fw-la and_o no_o man_n think_v otherwise_o therefore_o i_o will_v descend_v to_o unfold_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o particular_n chap._n vii_o of_o the_o efficient_a cause_n the_o efficient_a cause_n be_v that_o ramus_n ramus_n from_o which_o the_o thing_n be_v efficient_a this_o word_n import_v no_o more_o but_o to_o do_v or_o to_o bring_v to_o pass_v and_o therefore_o it_o signify_v the_o office_n of_o all_o the_o cause_n and_o consequent_o it_o seem_v not_o fit_a to_o be_v give_v unto_o any_o one_o cause_n distinct_o yet_o notwithstanding_o we_o must_v know_v that_o there_o be_v good_a reason_n thus_o to_o call_v it_o else_o the_o learned_a of_o all_o age_n will_v not_o have_v give_v it_o that_o name_n yea_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o it_o deserve_v we_o shall_v call_v it_o so_o as_o we_o shall_v see_v in_o the_o next_o passage_n from_o which_o these_o word_n do_v set_v out_o the_o nature_n or_o office_n of_o that_o cause_n which_o be_v call_v efficient_a and_o signify_v the_o original_n or_o fountain_n from_o whence_o the_o effect_n do_v receive_v tt_n be_v i_o say_v the_o effect_n and_o i_o mean_v the_o whole_a effect_n for_o this_o cause_n do_v join_v together_o all_o the_o other_o cause_n whereof_o the_o effect_n be_v compound_v as_o namely_o it_o bestow_v the_o form_n upon_o the_o matter_n and_o do_v destinate_a the_o matter_n form_v unto_o the_o produce_v of_o something_o that_o be_v good_a and_o therefore_o it_o deserve_v well_o to_o be_v call_v efficient_a the_o form_n do_v make_v the_o effect_n to_o be_v of_o this_o or_o that_o kind_a the_o matter_n form_v do_v make_v the_o effect_n to_o be_v this_o or_o that_o individual_a thing_n the_o end_n make_v it_o fit_a for_o this_o or_o that_o good_a but_o the_o motion_n and_o efficacy_n of_o the_o efficient_a cause_n only_o do_v give_v be_v unto_o the_o effect_n in_o the_o event_n we_o have_v many_o example_n of_o this_o cause_n and_o the_o operation_n thereof_o we_o find_v one_o in_o the_o second_o of_o genesis_n the_o seven_o verse_n where_o it_o be_v say_v god_n form_v man_n of_o the_o dust_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o breathe_v into_o he_o the_o breath_n of_o life_n and_o he_o become_v a_o live_a soul_n in_o this_o example_n the_o make_n of_o man_n be_v attribute_v unto_o god_n therefore_o god_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o man_n the_o office_n of_o this_o efficiency_n be_v place_v in_o join_v the_o form_n unto_o the_o matter_n he_o frame_v he_o of_o the_o dust_n there_o be_v the_o matter_n and_o breathe_v life_n into_o he_o and_o thereby_o the_o form_n be_v impose_v on_o the_o matter_n and_o then_o god_n do_v destinate_a he_o to_o a_o end_n viz._n the_o action_n of_o life_n thereby_o he_o make_v he_o a_o live_a soul_n we_o have_v another_o the_o like_a example_n in_o the_o 11._o of_o genesis_n the_o 3._o and_o 4._o ver_fw-la where_o it_o be_v report_v that_o the_o man_n of_o the_o earth_n do_v build_v a_o high_a tower_n of_o brick_n and_o slime_n for_o a_o memorial_n of_o their_o name_n the_o man_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v make_v the_o bvilder_n of_o the_o tower_n and_o thereby_o they_o become_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o whole_a work_n they_o take_v brick_n and_o frame_v it_o into_o a_o tower_n therefore_o they_o join_v the_o matter_n and_o form_n together_o they_o destinate_a the_o same_o unto_o a_o end_n viz._n the_o continuance_n of_o their_o name_n on_o earth_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v suffice_v to_o set_v out_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o efficient_a cause_n we_o shall_v now_o divide_v a_o efficient_a cause_n into_o the_o several_a kind_n but_o that_o we_o can_v for_o as_o ramus_n true_o say_v they_o be_v unknown_a unto_o we_o therefore_o we_o will_v set_v down_o the_o divers_a and_o various_a manner_n wherein_o the_o efficient_a cause_n do_v work_v for_o that_o be_v well_o know_v and_o do_v help_v we_o much_o in_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o office_n of_o thus_o cause_n the_o efficient_a cause_n do_v work_v by_o itself_o by_o accident_n a_o cause_n do_v then_o work_v by_o itself_o ramus_n ramus_n when_o it_o work_v by_o force_n of_o and_o according_a unto_o the_o inbred_a fitness_n thereof_o we_o find_v this_o distinction_n and_o the_o explication_n thereof_o in_o the_o school_n of_o all_o age_n the_o efficient_a cause_n say_v thomas_n work_v by_o itself_o or_o by_o accident_n the_o first_o be_v when_o it_o month_n by_o its_o own_o proper_a virtue_n the_o second_o when_o something_o be_v remove_v therefrom_o or_o that_o which_o remain_v be_v hinder_v from_o work_v 1a._o 2d_o q._n 76._o art_n 1._o in_o cor_fw-la if_o we_o join_v okam_n unto_o thomas_n we_o shall_v find_v this_o matter_n full_o open_v a_o cause_n by_o accident_n say_v okam_n 1._o do_v 2._o q._n 10._o light_v b._n h._n be_v that_o which_o work_v by_o a_o thing_n different_a from_o itself_o and_o a_o cause_n which_o work_v by_o itself_o be_v that_o which_o cause_v the_o effect_n according_a to_o its_o proper_a nature_n and_o not_o according_a to_o some_o other_o thing_n which_o outward_o do_v befall_v it_o the_o efficient_a do_v work_v by_o itself_o in_o natural_a thing_n when_o it_o move_v according_a unto_o the_o instinct_n and_o inbred_a disposition_n of_o nature_n as_o when_o the_o live_a
creature_n see_v eat_v sleep_v avoyd_v know_v danger_n the_o plant_n grow_v upright_o bring_v forth_o leave_v and_o fruit_n in_o due_a season_n so_o do_v it_o work_v by_o itself_o in_o the_o intellectual_a creature_n when_o man_n move_v himself_o unto_o do_v by_o the_o direction_n of_o true_a reason_n and_o the_o unrestrained_a and_o free_a choice_n of_o the_o will_n natural_a thing_n do_v work_v by_o accident_n when_o the_o instinct_n of_o nature_n be_v suppress_v or_o divert_v the_o intellectual_a creature_n work_v by_o accident_n when_o the_o judgement_n of_o reason_n be_v erroneous_a and_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o will_n carry_v by_o a_o previall_a overrule_a power_n and_o all_o these_o do_v fall_v out_o in_o case_n where_o nature_n meet_v with_o defection_n the_o understanding_n be_v possess_v with_o ignorance_n or_o the_o will_v hale_v by_o the_o naughtiness_n of_o corruption_n and_o violence_n of_o temptation_n last_o the_o secret_a providence_n of_o god_n which_o the_o heathen_a call_v fortune_n make_v the_o creature_n work_v by_o accident_n in_o all_o case_n when_o he_o work_v against_o mean_n as_o he_o do_v when_o he_o bring_v the_o people_n through_o the_o red_a sea_n exodus_fw-la the_o 14._o and_o as_o he_o do_v in_o all_o miracle_n or_o when_o man_n intend_v one_o thing_n but_o another_o thing_n come_v to_o pass_v of_o this_o we_o have_v a_o example_n in_o the_o 45._o of_o genesis_n and_o 5._o vers_fw-la &_o 37._o &_o 27._o verse_n in_o this_o place_n they_o be_v say_v to_o sell_v joseph_n because_o they_o will_v be_v rid_v of_o he_o and_o in_o that_o joseph_n say_v god_n send_v he_o into_o egypt_n to_o preserve_v their_o life_n they_o be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o their_o own_o preserve_n when_o they_o sell_v joseph_n but_o yet_o by_o accident_n through_o god_n secret_a providence_n that_o wrought_v contrary_a to_o their_o intent_n the_o jew_n likewise_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o christ_n glory_n and_o man_n salvation_n when_o they_o deliver_v he_o to_o death_n but_o yet_o by_o accident_n because_o god_n himself_o do_v create_v light_n out_o of_o darkness_n and_o make_v their_o evil_a intention_n serve_v unto_o that_o good_a there_o be_v many_o example_n wherein_o we_o find_v that_o the_o efficient_a cause_n do_v work_v on_o this_o manner_n but_o these_o be_v enough_o for_o this_o present_a the_o efficient_a do_v work_v physical_o morral_o this_o distinction_n be_v receive_v in_o all_o the_o logic_n school_n and_o be_v of_o frequent_a use_n in_o the_o question_n touch_v sanctification_n and_o the_o actual_a motion_n of_o grace_n in_o man_n conversion_n the_o reader_n may_v find_v it_o in_o suarez_n opusc_fw-la 1._o lib._n 3._o cap._n 10._o no._n 1._o and_o in_o many_o other_o place_n a_o physical_a operation_n be_v a_o real_a influence_n into_o the_o effect_n we_o have_v a_o example_n of_o this_o in_o man_n creation_n he_o form_v he_o and_o that_o of_o the_o dust_n and_o pour_v life_n into_o he_o all_o these_o be_v real_a influence_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v the_o bvilder_n of_o the_o tower_n of_o babel_n they_o make_v brick_n and_o rear_v a_o build_n with_o brick_n and_o stone_n of_o this_o sort_n be_v all_o workman_n that_o labour_v with_o their_o hand_n and_o tool_n the_o strength_n of_o nature_n do_v immediate_o flow_v into_o the_o thing_n that_o be_v wrought_v make_v a_o real_a and_o sensible_a change_n in_o the_o matter_n where_o on_o they_o work_v a_o moral_a work_n be_v a_o motion_n offer_v to_o the_o understanding_n and_o serve_v to_o allure_v and_o draw_v it_o on_o with_o reason_n and_o persuasion_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v be_v all_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v object_v to_o the_o understanding_n as_o namely_o the_o testimony_n of_o god_n and_o man_n by_o command_v forbid_a promise_a threaten_a persuade_v therefore_o so_o often_o as_o we_o find_v any_o of_o these_o attribute_v to_o god_n or_o man_n we_o be_v to_o know_v that_o then_o they_o be_v efficient_a cause_n that_o work_v moral_o ramus_n do_v call_v testimony_n exhortation_n commandment_n etc._n etc._n inartificiall_a argument_n because_o they_o argue_v not_o of_o their_o own_o force_n but_z by_o the_o authority_n of_o he_o that_o do_v testify_v but_o this_o be_v altogether_o unfit_o speak_v for_o inartificiall_a and_o argument_n imply_v a_o contradiction_n if_o inartificiall_a than_o no_o argument_n if_o a_o argument_n then_o artificial_a for_o a_o argument_n be_v a_o member_n of_o art_n 2._o these_o thing_n themselves_o be_v no_o argument_n unless_o they_o be_v refer_v unto_o the_o testator_n but_o then_o they_o argue_v as_o property_n or_o adjunct_n and_o otherways_o they_o be_v never_o attribute_v to_o any_o subject_n in_o this_o place_n affirmation_n persuasion_n etc._n etc._n be_v not_o bring_v as_o moral_a cause_n in_o themselves_o but_o the_o causalitie_n be_v refer_v to_o he_o that_o affirm_v persuade_v etc._n etc._n which_o make_v it_o very_o plain_a that_o they_o belong_v to_o this_o place_n or_o seat_n of_o argument_n god_n and_o his_o servant_n be_v the_o moral_a cause_n of_o man_n holiness_n when_o they_o command_v good_a and_o forbid_v ill_a when_o they_o promise_v good_a and_o threaten_v ill_a when_o they_o persuade_v unto_o obedience_n and_o dissuade_v from_o sin_n thus_o our_o saviour_n christ_n be_v the_o moral_a cause_n of_o all_o supernatural_a thing_n when_o by_o his_o obedience_n he_o deserve_v that_o god_n shall_v bestow_v they_o upon_o we_o he_o by_o merit_v i_o say_v be_v the_o moral_a cause_n of_o god_n gift_n because_o by_o his_o merit_n he_o move_v god_n to_o bestow_v they_o and_o so_o much_o shall_v suffice_v for_o this_o distinction_n a_o physical_a efficient_a be_v principal_a first_o second_o instrumental_a this_o distinction_n be_v very_o ancient_a in_o the_o school_n and_o of_o great_a use_n when_o we_o desire_v to_o know_v how_o man_n will_n be_v wrought_v upon_o and_o work_v with_o the_o actual_a motion_n of_o god_n grace_n alvarez_n receive_v it_o from_o thomas_n and_o make_v use_v of_o it_o disp_n 68_o no._n 5._o etc._n etc._n where_o he_o do_v thus_o describe_v each_o member_n of_o it_o a_o principal_a efficient_a be_v that_o which_o work_v out_o of_o its_o own_o power_n or_o form_n as_o thomas_n say_v 1._o p._n q._n 18._o art_n 3._o in_o cor_fw-la a_o first_o principal_a efficient_a be_v that_o which_o work_v only_o out_o of_o its_o own_o power_n thus_o god_n only_o work_v of_o who_o it_o be_v say_v he_o sit_v in_o heaven_n and_o do_v what_o he_o will_n he_o be_v the_o universal_a cause_n for_o in_o he_o we_o live_v and_o moan_n and_o have_v our_o be_v a_o second_o principal_a efficient_a be_v that_o which_o be_v so_o move_v by_o another_o that_o it_o move_v itself_o by_o a_o power_n of_o its_o own_o of_o this_o sort_n be_v man_n mind_n which_o be_v move_v by_o god_n yet_o neverth_n less_o it_o work_v out_o of_o a_o active_a beginning_n remain_v in_o itself_o of_o this_o sort_n be_v all_o those_o say_n in_o the_o scripture_n which_o attribute_v man_n good_a work_n as_o his_o conversion_n and_o the_o like_a sometime_o unto_o god_n alone_o and_o other_o sometime_o unto_o man_n alone_o a_o instrument_n proper_o take_v and_o so_o we_o speak_v of_o it_o here_o be_v that_o which_o work_v only_o out_o of_o a_o power_n receive_v from_o the_o principal_a efficient_a of_o this_o kind_n be_v all_o instrument_n without_o life_n as_o namely_o the_o tool_n of_o a_o carpenter_n or_o smith_n &c_n &c_n thus_o hot_a water_n heat_v another_o thing_n that_o be_v cold_a by_o the_o heat_n receive_v from_o the_o fire_n to_o conclude_v the_o point_n touch_v the_o efficient_a cause_n we_o be_v to_o know_v that_o the_o efficient_a ramus_n ramus_n always_o work_v after_o one_o of_o these_o way_n whether_o it_o work_v alone_o or_o with_o other_o whether_o it_o begin_v the_o work_n or_o preserve_v it_o be_v already_o make_v chap._n viii_o the_o matter_n ramus_n ramus_n be_v a_o cause_n of_o which_o a_o thing_n be_v matter_n this_o word_n be_v often_o time_n use_v to_o set_v out_o every_o bodily_a substance_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o take_v in_o this_o place_n for_o as_o thomas_n say_v 1._o p._n q._n 7._o art_n 1._o in_o cor_fw-la the_o matter_n as_o it_o be_v a_o matter_n remain_v only_o in_o power_n or_o capacity_n to_o receive_v many_o form_n and_o therefore_o according_a to_o itself_o have_v no_o be_v nor_o can_v be_v object_v to_o our_o understanding_n 1._o p._n q._n 15._o art_n 3._o ad_fw-la 3m._o in_o this_o place_n it_o signify_v a_o bodily_a substance_n inform_v or_o some_o intellectual_a thing_n answerable_a unto_o that_o a_o cause_n these_o word_n do_v attribute_v a_o active_a power_n and_o actual_a efficacy_n unto_o the_o matter_n whereby_o the_o effect_n be_v produce_v of_o which_o these_o word_n show_v the_o nature_n of_o that_o efficacy_n and_o
say_v rationalitie_n be_v the_o formal_a cause_n of_o man_n now_o 1._o rationalitie_n be_v the_o intrinsical_a part_n of_o man_n all_o other_o of_o his_o part_n be_v more_o overt_a and_o better_o know_v 2._o rationalitie_n have_v a_o force_n to_o bestow_v a_o be_v upon_o man_n for_o when_o god_n have_v draw_v together_o the_o dust_n of_o the_o earth_n man_n have_v not_o as_o then_o his_o be_v but_o he_o receive_v that_o when_o god_n breathe_v the_o breath_n of_o life_n into_o it_o at_o that_o time_n i_o say_v and_o not_o before_o man_n become_v a_o live_a soul_n 3._o rationalitie_n bestow_v upon_o man_n a_o be_v that_o be_v actual_a and_o determine_v unto_o one_o and_o active_a whereby_o he_o be_v fit_a to_o do_v the_o action_n of_o life_n 4._o there_o be_v nothing_o essential_a unto_o man_n but_o his_o rationalitie_n bestow_v it_o on_o he_o the_o body_n indeed_o do_v make_v he_o a_o singular_a man_n by_o retain_v and_o contract_v the_o soul_n unto_o one_o but_o in_o what_o respect_n he_o be_v a_o man_n that_o he_o receive_v whole_o from_o his_o soul_n and_o from_o hence_o the_o form_n be_v true_o say_v to_o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o difference_n that_o be_v hetweene_n one_o and_o another_o and_o not_o the_o difference_n itself_o thom._n 1._o do_v 25._o q._n 1._o art_n 1._o ad_fw-la 2m._o i_o say_v the_o difference_n of_o thing_n do_v flow_v from_o the_o form_n for_o as_o unity_n in_o substance_n do_v make_v two_o thing_n to_o be_v the_o same_o as_o okam_n do_v true_o teach_v 1._o do_v 19_o q._n 1._o lit_fw-fr b._n opinio_fw-la 1a._o and_o aristotle_n meta_fw-la lib._n 5._o cap._n 15._o text_n 20._o so_o difference_n in_o substance_n make_v two_o thing_n to_o differ_v the_o form_n be_v not_o the_o difference_n itself_o for_o a_o form_n be_v a_o subsistence_n in_o a_o unity_n but_o a_o difference_n be_v a_o dissent_v between_o the_o essence_n of_o two_o and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o explication_n of_o the_o formal_a cause_n chap._n x._o of_o the_o final_a cause_n the_o end_n be_v a_o cause_n for_o which_o the_o thing_n be_v ramus_n ramus_n end_v by_o end_n be_v mean_v the_o last_o notion_n which_o we_o have_v of_o the_o effect_n and_o import_v that_o whereunto_o the_o thing_n tend_v so_o aristotle_n tell_v we_o meta_fw-la lib._n 2._o cap._n 1._o text_n 9_o a_o end_n be_v externall_n internal_a in_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o doer_n the_o thing_n itself_o natural_o impose_v a_o external_a end_n be_v the_o actual_a use_n of_o the_o thing_n to_o which_o the_o effect_n be_v fit_v thus_o the_o beatifical_a vision_n be_v man_n end_n to_o which_o he_o tend_v a_o end_n in_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o doer_n be_v no_o more_o but_o either_o the_o fitness_n it_o self_n of_o the_o effect_n think_v upon_o and_o purpose_v by_o the_o efficient_a this_o be_v the_o condition_n of_o every_o workman_n that_o devise_v and_o resolve_v upon_o the_o fashion_n and_o form_n of_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v wrought_v or_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o workman_n and_o other_o seek_v thereby_o we_o have_v example_n of_o a_o end_n thus_o understand_v in_o those_o word_n of_o john_n 3.16_o god_n so_o love_v the_o world_n etc._n etc._n where_o the_o give_v of_o christ_n be_v a_o effect_n wrought_v by_o god_n wherein_o he_o intend_v the_o glory_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o son_n and_o the_o salvation_n of_o the_o predestinate_a thus_o the_o workman_n that_o make_v a_o axe_n intend_v that_o himself_o shall_v get_v reputation_n and_o maintenance_n thereby_o a_o end_n of_o a_o thing_n impose_v upon_o it_o be_v when_o the_o efficient_a enjoin_v that_o use_n of_o it_o which_o the_o thing_n itself_o do_v not_o yield_v and_o this_o end_n we_o find_v in_o law_n and_o money_n the_o one_o be_v appoint_v to_o be_v a_o rule_n of_o obedience_n the_o other_o to_o set_v a_o price_n of_o ware_n i_o say_v appoint_v by_o he_o that_o have_v power_n to_o do_v it_o the_o thing_n themselves_o do_v not_o yield_v it_o as_o all_o man_n do_v know_v by_o experience_n but_o the_o word_n end_n in_o this_o place_n do_v not_o signify_v either_o of_o these_o four_o thing_n the_o end_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o intent_n and_o will_n of_o the_o doer_n be_v a_o cause_n indeed_o metaphorical_o not_o proper_o and_o must_v be_v reduce_v unto_o the_o efficient_a not_o the_o final_a for_o in_o that_o sort_n it_o do_v but_o move_v and_o induâ—â—â—ice_o principal_a efficient_a unto_o work_v and_o consequent_o it_o be_v a_o efficient_a that_o work_v moral_o that_o and_z unto_o which_o the_o effect_n tend_v natural_o be_v here_o understand_v and_o define_v i_o have_v receive_v all_o these_o thing_n from_o thomas_n 2._o do_v q._n 1._o art_n 1_o 2._o &_o 3._o 1._o p._n q._n 26._o art_n 3._o ad_fw-la 2m._o suarez_n de_fw-fr praedest_fw-la lib._n 2._o cap._n 3._o no_o 2._o vega_fw-la in_o council_n trident_n lib._n 7._o cap._n 2._o a_o cause_n therefore_o the_o end_n have_v a_o active_a and_o a_o exercise_v act_n in_o the_o produce_v of_o the_o effect_n for_o that_o be_v the_o property_n of_o every_o cause_n as_o have_v be_v show_v for_o which_o a_o thing_n be_v these_o word_n set_v out_o the_o nature_n of_o that_o force_n and_o they_o signify_v a_o tendency_n aptitude_n and_o fitness_n which_o the_o effect_n have_v natural_o unto_o something_o without_o itself_o it_o be_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o final_a cause_n say_v okam_n actual_o to_o intend_v and_o whatsoever_o do_v not_o so_o be_v not_o true_o and_o proper_o a_o final_a cause_n in_o prologo_fw-la 1._o send_v q._n 11._o light_v f.g._n in_o the_o same_o sort_n write_v aristotle_n meta_fw-la lib._n 2._o cap._n 1._o text_n 8._o a_o end_n say_v he_o be_v that_o for_o which_o a_o thing_n be_v make_v that_o be_v who_o essence_n be_v not_o so_o for_o another_o that_o it_o follow_v that_o other_o but_o the_o essence_n of_o another_o follow_v that_o if_o any_o inquire_v how_o tendency_n etc._n etc._n can_v have_v a_o actual_a exercise_n unto_o do_v first_o i_o answer_v it_o can_v because_o that_o tendency_n flow_v from_o the_o form_n in_o as_o much_o as_o the_o form_n do_v determine_v the_o effect_n unto_o a_o end_n according_a to_o its_o own_o proportion_n as_o the_o form_n of_o steel_n be_v such_o as_o best_o fit_v with_o cut_v thomas_n 1a._o 2_o e._n q._n 95_o art_n 3._o in_o cor_fw-la second_o the_o end_n import_v some_o good_a so_o say_v thomas_n 1._o p._n q_o 19_o art_n 1_o ad_fw-la 1_o and_o all_o man_n grant_v it_o therefore_o it_o have_v a_o exercise_v force_n to_o constitute_v but_o herein_o it_o differ_v from_o the_o form_n that_o do_v constitute_v good_a &_o no_o more_o this_o do_v both_o constitute_v and_o diffuse_v good_a it_o do_v constitute_v in_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v the_o perfection_n of_o the_o effect_n i_o say_v the_o perfection_n of_o it_o because_o when_o the_o effect_n have_v attain_v thy_o her_n it_o want_v nothing_o requisite_a to_o a_o thing_n of_o that_o kind_n it_o be_v diffusive_o good_a in_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v fit_a and_o apt_a to_o bestow_v good_a upon_o other_o we_o have_v many_o example_n that_o show_v we_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o argument_n fitness_n to_o rule_v the_o day_n and_o night_n be_v attribute_v to_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n genesis_n 1.14_o as_o a_o thing_n that_o follow_v their_o nature_n by_o creation_n thus_o also_o fitness_n to_o accompany_v and_o help_v adam_n be_v affirm_v of_o evah_n genesis_n 2.18.21_o as_o the_o end_n of_o her_o creation_n man_n be_v apt_a and_o fit_a to_o love_v the_o know_v good_a and_o that_o be_v his_o end_n this_o fitness_n flow_v from_o his_o reasonable_a soul_n or_o formal_a be_v who_o property_n it_o be_v to_o judge_v true_o and_o choose_v free_o now_o this_o fitness_n have_v a_o main_a stroke_n in_o the_o constitute_n of_o man_n not_o by_o the_o way_n of_o motion_n for_o that_o belong_v to_o the_o efficient_a nor_o by_o the_o way_n of_o reception_n and_o retention_n for_o that_o belong_v to_o the_o matter_n but_o by_o the_o way_n of_o settle_a position_n as_o the_o form_n do_v from_o whence_o it_o flow_v 2._o by_o this_o fitness_n a_o man_n be_v make_v a_o perfect_a and_o complete_a humane_a creature_n for_o when_o he_o attain_v unto_o that_o he_o want_v nothing_o requisite_a unto_o his_o be_v until_o he_o be_v so_o fit_v we_o can_v conceive_v he_o a_o humane_a creature_n for_o he_o will_v differ_v nothing_o from_o bruit_n beast_n the_o use_n of_o this_o argument_n be_v of_o exceed_a worth_n to_o inform_v our_o understanding_n in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o subject_n for_o by_o it_o we_o know_v the_o formal_a cause_n and_o consequent_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n to_o conclude_v the_o doctrine_n of_o all_o the_o cause_n joint_o
the_o manner_n how_o the_o matter_n do_v concur_v unto_o the_o effect_n and_o import_v the_o thing_n that_o so_o receive_v the_o form_n that_o it_o rest_v and_o remain_v in_o it_o this_o we_o see_v in_o a_o house_n wherein_o the_o timber_n stone_n etc._n etc._n be_v frame_v and_o fashion_v together_o and_o make_v fit_a for_o habitation_n so_o do_v a_o piece_n of_o timber_n receive_v the_o picture_n make_v upon_o it_o by_o a_o carver_n a_o thing_n be_v by_o thing_n be_v mean_v the_o effect_n produce_v by_o be_v be_v mean_v essential_o so_o as_o the_o matter_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o essence_n viz._n in_o a_o second_o degree_n or_o notion_n we_o conceive_v the_o timber_n etc._n etc._n of_o a_o house_n to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o it_o but_o we_o know_v that_o there_o be_v a_o other_o part_n thereof_o more_o principal_a before_o that_o namely_o the_o form_n &_o fashion_n thereof_o a_o thing_n signify_v a_o individual_a effect_n so_o as_o the_o office_n of_o the_o matter_n be_v to_o bring_v the_o effect_n unto_o asingular_a or_o individual_a be_v thus_o all_o philosopher_n do_v conceive_v of_o it_o the_o matter_n be_v the_o principium_fw-la of_o individuation_n say_v thomas_n 1._o p._n q._n 86._o art_n 3._o in_o cor_fw-la and_o again_o the_o essence_n be_v restrain_v unto_o one_o individual_a thing_n by_o the_o matter_n 1._o p._n q._n 7._o art_n 3._o in_o cor_fw-la we_o have_v a_o instance_n of_o this_o in_o every_o singular_a creature_n peter_n be_v a_o singular_a man_n by_o his_o body_n every_o plant_n be_v singular_a by_o the_o stem_n that_o grow_v up_o for_o they_o enjoy_v all_o other_o thing_n in_o common_a with_o there_a of_o their_o kind_n the_o soul_n of_o peter_n have_v the_o same_o rationalitie_n with_o all_o other_o man_n soul_n no_o singular_a tree_n differ_v from_o other_o tree_n in_o vegititie_n sanctity_n make_v man_n christian_n peter_n sanctity_n make_v peter_n a_o christian_n because_o the_o holy_a ghost_n dwell_v in_o his_o mortal_a body_n this_o argument_n bring_v the_o subject_n to_o which_o it_o be_v attribute_v unto_o our_o clear_a understanding_n and_o it_o be_v of_o singular_a use_n to_o make_v we_o know_v the_o nature_n and_o distinction_n of_o particular_a being_n yea_o of_o absolute_a necessity_n for_o that_o i_o may_v use_v the_o word_n and_o reason_n of_o aristotle_n meta._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 1_o text_n 11_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o know_v until_o we_o come_v unto_o individuall_n it_o be_v impossible_a to_o know_v until_o we_o ataine_v unto_o those_o thing_n which_o do_v not_o admit_v division_n for_o thing_n that_o be_v infinite_a can_v possible_o be_v comprehend_v by_o our_o understanding_n we_o have_v a_o pregnant_a example_n of_o it_o in_o the_o 1._o cor._n 15.39_o etc._n etc._n where_o the_o apostle_n do_v describe_v and_o distinguish_v diverse_a kind_n of_o singular_a body_n and_o say_v some_o be_v celestial_a as_o the_o sun_n moon_n and_o star_n other_o some_o be_v terrestrial_a and_o those_o be_v spiritual_a as_o man_n body_n that_o be_v raise_v other_o some_o be_v natural_a viz_o the_o flesh_n of_o man_n beast_n and_o bird_n and_o from_o hence_o he_o deliver_v the_o nature_n and_o difference_n of_o glory_n that_o these_o particular_a being_n do_v enjoy_v likewise_o the_o holy_a ghost_n revel_v 21_o 18._o etc._n etc._n make_v we_o know_v what_o the_o new_a jerusalem_n be_v by_o the_o matter_n thereof_o the_o example_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v very_o frequent_a and_o well_o know_v to_o every_o man_n therefore_o i_o take_v this_o to_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o explication_n of_o the_o material_a cause_n chap._n ix_o of_o the_o formal_a cause_n a_o form_n be_v a_o cause_n ramus_n ramus_n by_o which_o a_o thing_n be_v that_o which_o it_o be_v form_n as_o i_o say_v of_o the_o matter_n so_o must_v i_o say_v of_o the_o form_n if_o it_o be_v consider_v in_o itself_o abstract_v from_o all_o matter_n and_o individualitie_n it_o be_v a_o certain_a thing_n common_a unto_o many_o so_o thomas_n true_o say_v 1._o p._n q._n 7._o art_n 1._o in_o cor_fw-la 2._o under_o the_o name_n form_n sometime_o be_v comprehend_v a_o figure_n which_o consist_v in_o the_o termination_n of_o a_o quantity_n this_o also_o i_o have_v from_o thomas_n 1._o p._n q._n 7._o art_n 1._o ad_fw-la 2m._o but_o we_o take_v not_o this_o word_n at_o this_o time_n in_o either_o of_o these_o sense_n by_o form_n than_o we_o here_o understand_v the_o intrinsicall_a part_n of_o the_o compound_a effect_n so_o say_v suarez_n meta_fw-la disp_n 10._o sect_n 1._o no._n 7._o that_o be_v receive_v of_o the_o matter_n inform_v the_o same_o thus_o say_v thomas_n 1._o p._n q._n 7._o art_n 1._o in_o cor_fw-la a_o form_n say_v thomas_n be_v general_n a_o form_n say_v thomas_n be_v special_a a_o special_a form_n be_v that_o which_o inform_v the_o subject_n but_o itself_o be_v not_o inform_v by_o any_o other_o form_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n as_o one_o colour_n be_v not_o inform_v by_o another_o colour_n 2._o do_v 27._o q._n 1._o art_n 2._o ad_fw-la 1m._o form_n in_o this_o place_n be_v take_v in_o the_o second_o sense_n not_o in_o the_o first_o we_o have_v a_o example_n of_o this_o in_o the_o rationalitie_n of_o man_n and_o vigiditie_n of_o plant_n both_o of_o they_o be_v form_n and_o distinct_a being_n not_o receive_v any_o thing_n from_o other_o form_n of_o their_o kind_n be_v a_o cause_n that_o be_v it_o have_v actual_a exercise_v force_n to_o infer_v the_o effect_n by_o which_o these_o word_n do_v show_v that_o the_o force_n of_o the_o form_n be_v not_o receptive_a nor_o retentive_a nor_o restrictive_a as_o the_o force_n of_o the_o matter_n be_v but_o it_o be_v active_a for_o as_o aristotle_n say_v meta._n lib._n 9_o cap._n 6._o text_n 17._o the_o form_n be_v a_o act_n that_o be_v a_o actual_a determinate_a and_o active_a be_v the_o reader_n may_v see_v this_o matter_n full_o open_v by_o gillius_fw-la col_fw-fr 467._o a_o thing_n be_v by_o these_o word_n the_o essence_n of_o every_o individual_a effect_n be_v attribute_v to_o the_o formal_a cause_n every_o thing_n that_o do_v actual_o exist_v say_v thomas_n 1._o p._n q._n 7._o art_n 2._o in_o cor_fw-la have_v some_o form_n and_o again_o every_o be_v be_v cause_v by_o the_o form_n thereof_o 1._o p._n q._n 51._o art_n 4._o in_o cor_fw-la that_o which_o these_o word_n do_v attribute_v the_o whole_a effect_n unto_o the_o form_n and_o this_o be_v agree_v upon_o by_o the_o learned_a in_o all_o age_n each_o thing_n be_v that_o which_o it_o be_v by_o its_o form_n thus_o thomas_n think_v 1._o p._n q_o 5._o art_n 5._o &_o add_v 3m._o in_o cor_fw-la the_o whole_a compound_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o form_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o okam_n 1._o do_v 32._o q._n 1._o &_o 2._o light_v c._n and_o this_o sentence_n agree_v well_o with_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n for_o the_o matter_n do_v finite_a and_o contract_v the_o amplitude_n of_o the_o form_n and_o thereby_o it_o become_v the_o determinate_a form_n of_o this_o or_o that_o individual_a effect_n the_o form_n on_o the_o other_o side_n do_v perfect_a and_o determine_v the_o matter_n and_o bring_v it_o from_o power_n to_o act_v by_o give_v a_o essence_n thereunto_o in_o so_o much_o that_o by_o the_o form_n the_o essence_n be_v termine_v unto_o some_o special_a kind_n and_o thus_o much_o we_o receive_v from_o thomas_n 1._o p._n q._n 7._o art_n 1._o et_fw-la 3_o in_fw-la cor_fw-la q._n 14._o art_n 2._o ad_fw-la 1m._o this_o argument_n be_v of_o necessary_a use_n to_o instruct_v our_o understanding_n in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o subject_n to_o which_o it_o be_v attribute_v for_o how_o can_v we_o know_v a_o thing_n more_o clear_o and_o certain_o then_o when_o we_o find_v the_o intrinsicall_a primary_n and_o proper_a nature_n and_o be_v thereof_o it_o be_v all_o one_o say_v aristotle_n 2._o post_n cap._n 8._o to_o know_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o thing_n and_o to_o know_v the_o cause_n of_o its_o nature_n we_o have_v example_n of_o this_o kind_n of_o cause_n in_o the_o word_n of_o god_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o creature_n when_o god_n will_v show_v we_o what_o sin_n be_v he_o do_v set_v it_o out_o by_o the_o form_n thereof_o sin_n say_v the_o apostle_n john_n 1_o epist_n chap._n 3._o v._n 4._o be_v a_o vary_a from_o the_o law_n the_o apostle_n paul_n when_o he_o will_v set_v out_o what_o the_o righteousness_n of_o faith_n be_v he_o do_v describe_v it_o in_o his_o epistle_n to_o the_o roman_n ch_z 4._o v._n 6.7.8_o by_o forgiveness_n of_o sin_n the_o holy_a ghost_n do_v yield_v we_o many_o of_o these_o example_n but_o these_o shall_v suffice_v in_o man_n we_o have_v a_o full_a representation_n of_o every_o part_n of_o this_o argument_n we_o