albertus_n rueus_n and_o other_o do_v affirm_v that_o gem_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o such_o effect_n yet_o their_o affirmation_n in_o this_o kind_n must_v not_o be_v receive_v as_o truth_n because_o there_o be_v no_o kind_n of_o affinity_n similitude_n or_o proportion_n at_o all_o betwixt_o this_o kind_n of_o complexion_n or_o betwixt_o this_o cause_n and_o this_o effect_n for_o the_o effect_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v oft_o time_n more_o perfect_a than_o the_o cause_n and_o yet_o the_o axiom_n be_v perfectionem_fw-la effectûs_fw-la contineri_fw-la in_o causa_fw-la but_o it_o can_v true_o be_v so_o speak_v of_o gem_n and_o precious_a stone_n the_o effect_n of_o which_o by_o lapidists_n be_v say_v to_o be_v gem_n extraordinary_a effect_n of_o gem_n the_o make_n of_o man_n rich_a and_o eloquent_a to_o preserve_v man_n from_o thunder_n and_o lightning_n from_o plague_n and_o disease_n to_o move_v dream_n to_o procure_v sleep_n to_o foretell_v thing_n to_o come_v to_o make_v man_n wise_a to_o strengthen_v memory_n to_o procure_v honour_n to_o hinder_v fascination_n and_o witchcraft_n to_o hinder_v slothfulness_n to_o put_v courage_n into_o man_n to_o keep_v man_n chaste_a to_o increase_v friendship_n to_o hinder_v difference_n and_o dissension_n and_o to_o make_v man_n invisible_a as_o be_v feign_v by_o the_o poet_n concern_v gyges_n ring_n and_o affirm_v by_o albertus_n and_o other_o concern_v the_o ophthalmius_fw-la lapis_fw-la and_o many_o other_o strange_a thing_n there_o be_v affirm_v of_o they_o and_o ascribe_v to_o they_o which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o gem_n and_o which_o they_o as_o they_o be_v material_a mix_v inanimate_a body_n neither_o know_v nor_o can_v effect_v by_o the_o propriety_n and_o faculty_n of_o their_o own_o constitution_n because_o they_o be_v natural_a cause_n can_v produce_v none_o other_o but_o natural_a effect_n such_o as_o be_v all_o the_o ordinary_a effect_n of_o gem_n that_o be_v such_o effect_n as_o flow_v from_o their_o elementary_a matter_n from_o their_o temper_n form_n and_o essence_n such_o as_o be_v the_o operation_n of_o hot_a and_o cold_a and_o of_o all_o the_o first_o quality_n and_o all_o such_o accident_n as_o do_v arise_v from_o the_o commixtion_n of_o the_o first_o quality_n such_o as_o be_v hardness_n heaviness_n thickness_n colour_n and_o taste_v these_o all_o be_v the_o natural_a faculty_n of_o gem_n and_o these_o be_v the_o know_a effect_n of_o the_o union_n of_o their_o matter_n and_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o first_o quality_n one_o upon_o another_o supernatural_a effect_n of_o stone_n there_o may_v no_o doubt_n supernatural_a effect_n be_v wrought_v by_o gem_n and_o stone_n but_o not_o such_o as_o can_v proper_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o gem_n or_o stone_n or_o of_o which_o gem_n or_o stone_n can_v be_v true_o and_o absolute_o say_v to_o be_v the_o cause_n but_o only_o instrumental_a cause_n such_o effect_n as_o these_o be_v wrought_v either_o by_o the_o power_n of_o god_n or_o of_o the_o devil_n what_o the_o strange_a effect_n wrought_v by_o stone_n in_o the_o power_n of_o satan_n be_v will_v appear_v by_o the_o survey_n of_o the_o extraordinary_a effect_n of_o gem_n and_o precious_a stone_n before_o mention_v the_o supernatural_a effect_n of_o stone_n ascribe_v to_o god_n in_o holy_a writ_n be_v such_o as_o the_o lord_n god_n produce_v in_o the_o wilderness_n to_o manifest_v his_o power_n and_o to_o make_v his_o name_n great_a in_o the_o sight_n of_o his_o people_n israel_n such_o be_v his_o bring_v water_n out_o of_o the_o rock_n by_o the_o stroke_n of_o moses_n rod_n upon_o it_o deut._n 32.13_o the_o rock_n here_o be_v the_o instrument_n by_o which_o this_o supernatural_a effect_n be_v wrought_v but_o not_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o flow_a forth_o of_o water_n for_o the_o quench_n of_o the_o thirst_n of_o israel_n for_o in_o truth_n none_o other_o effectual_a efficient_a cause_n there_o be_v of_o this_o effect_n but_o only_a god_n holy_a spirit_n work_v in_o and_o by_o the_o rock_n as_o by_o its_o instrument_n conduit_n or_o emissary_n that_o so_o it_o may_v wonderful_o send_v forth_o water_n of_o its_o own_o spring_v up_o as_o from_o a_o fountain_n to_o refresh_v the_o drought_n of_o israel_n in_o a_o dry_a and_o barren_a wilderness_n that_o we_o may_v not_o be_v mistake_v in_o the_o effect_n of_o creature_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o these_o thing_n shall_v be_v know_v 1._o what_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o effect_n 2._o how_o to_o judge_v of_o these_o cause_n whether_o they_o be_v true_a or_o false_a whether_o they_o be_v supernatural_a or_o natural_a cause_n divine_a or_o diabolick_a cause_n 3._o how_o many_o kind_n of_o effect_n from_o all_o cause_n may_v be_v find_v in_o the_o whole_a universe_n the_o cause_n of_o all_o effect_n i._o the_o cause_n of_o all_o effect_n be_v either_o supernatural_a or_o natural_a they_o be_v such_o cause_n as_o be_v either_o true_o and_o absolute_o cause_v or_o cause_n false_o so_o call_v or_o else_o they_o be_v manifest_v divine_a cause_n or_o diabolick_a seem_a divine_a cause_n all_o which_o may_v be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o two_o first_o head_n of_o supernatural_a and_o natural_a cause_n ii_o that_o we_o may_v judge_v of_o these_o cause_n whether_o they_o be_v supernatural_a or_o natural_a divine_a or_o diabolick_a true_a or_o false_a these_o follow_a rule_n must_v be_v observe_v rule_n supernatural_a cause_n they_o may_v be_v take_v to_o be_v 1._o if_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o effect_n do_v never_o follow_v the_o cause_n or_o that_o it_o follow_v it_o by_o accident_n 2._o if_o wise_a understanding_n judicious_a man_n who_o have_v the_o use_n and_o experience_n of_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o supposition_n of_o ordinary_a effect_n deny_v that_o which_o be_v think_v to_o be_v the_o cause_n to_o be_v true_o the_o cause_n 3._o if_o by_o compare_v the_o thing_n with_o other_o cause_n which_o be_v know_v the_o manner_n of_o apply_v of_o it_o be_v very_o different_a involve_a and_o intricate_a 4._o if_o the_o thing_n have_v no_o affinity_n with_o its_o effect_n as_o here_o when_o arbor_n dicitur_fw-la producere_fw-la bovem_fw-la 5._o if_o the_o cause_n do_v produce_v the_o effect_n separatim_fw-la and_o without_o any_o conjunction_n of_o other_o cause_n which_o have_v in_o they_o a_o power_n of_o produce_v 6._o if_o the_o cause_n do_v produce_v a_o effect_n to_o some_o end_n to_o which_o proper_o the_o effect_n do_v not_o belong_v 7._o if_o such_o a_o effect_n from_o such_o a_o cause_n do_v never_o again_o happen_v notwithstanding_o the_o remain_v or_o exist_v of_o some_o or_o of_o all_o the_o same_o condition_n rule_n è_fw-la region_fw-la natural_a cause_n they_o be_v take_v to_o be_v 1._o if_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o effect_n do_v real_o follow_v the_o cause_n and_o not_o by_o accident_n 2._o if_o prudent_a pious_a man_n do_v upon_o the_o supposition_n of_o ordinary_a effect_n according_a to_o their_o experience_n in_o the_o use_n of_o thing_n not_o deny_v that_o which_o be_v take_v to_o be_v the_o cause_n to_o be_v true_o the_o cause_n 3._o if_o the_o thing_n effect_v by_o such_o a_o cause_n be_v compare_v with_o know_a cause_n do_v not_o in_o its_o manner_n of_o apply_v differ_v or_o be_v not_o involve_v or_o intricate_a 4._o if_o the_o cause_n have_v affinity_n with_o its_o effect_n that_o be_v if_o it_o do_v produce_v such_o a_o effect_n as_o be_v meet_v for_o such_o a_o cause_n to_o produce_v 5._o if_o the_o cause_n do_v produce_v the_o effect_n not_o separatim_fw-la but_o by_o the_o conjunction_n of_o other_o ordinary_a cause_n which_o be_v endue_v with_o power_n and_o do_v usual_o join_v together_o for_o the_o produce_v of_o such_o or_o such_o a_o effect_n 6._o if_o the_o cause_n do_v produce_v a_o effect_n for_o the_o same_o end_n to_o which_o proper_o the_o effect_n do_v belong_v 7._o if_o that_o the_o same_o condition_n exist_v the_o same_o cause_n do_v produce_v the_o same_o effect_n whether_o the_o cause_n be_v divine_a or_o diabolick_a true_a or_o false_a it_o will_v thus_o appear_v what_o ever_o thing_n there_o be_v that_o be_v true_o call_v natural_a if_o they_o undergo_v or_o suffer_v a_o impulsion_n into_o various_a and_o divers_a part_n indeterminate_o and_o confuse_o they_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v otherwise_o move_v then_o by_o a_o extrinsic_a power_n of_o impulsion_n which_o power_n if_o it_o be_v not_o open_a and_o manifest_a must_v of_o necessity_n have_v a_o occult_a and_o secret_a spiritual_a mover_n which_o can_v be_v none_o other_o but_o either_o god_n or_o the_o devil_n either_o good_a or_o bad_a angel_n upon_o these_o ground_n it_o may_v be_v conclude_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o ring_n in_o which_o the_o turkey-stone_n be_v set_v by_o the_o pulsation_n of_o which_o it_o
tropic_n and_o therefore_o have_v the_o sun_n ever_o near_o they_o they_o may_v be_v produce_v in_o any_o climate_n but_o the_o more_o noble_a kind_n of_o gem_n and_o precious_a stone_n be_v in_o their_o excellency_n plentiful_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o region_n of_o the_o oriental_a indies_n and_o that_o without_o doubt_n because_o it_o lie_v near_a the_o tropic_a and_o so_o have_v the_o sun_n ever_o near_o it_o illiúsque_fw-la aestu_fw-la fruantur_fw-la sine_fw-la quo_fw-la è_fw-la terra_fw-la exhalationes_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la gemmarum_fw-la nobilium_fw-la propagationem_fw-la &_o generationem_fw-la copiosè_fw-la requiruntur_fw-la produci_fw-la non_fw-la possunt_fw-la boetius_fw-la p._n 13._o the_o cause_n of_o perspicuity_n and_o diaphanitie_n in_o they_o it_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o learned_a enquirer_n into_o the_o secret_n of_o nature_n that_o the_o plenty_n of_o crystal_n succulency_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o gem_n be_v the_o only_a cause_n of_o their_o perspicuity_n and_o diaphanitie_n as_o that_o without_o which_o they_o do_v suppose_v there_o can_v be_v no_o perspicuous_a or_o diaphanous_a body_n at_o all_o but_o boetius_fw-la be_v of_o a_o far_o different_a opinion_n as_o appear_v by_o this_o which_o he_o say_v l._n 1._o p._n 21._o he_o maximè_fw-la falluntur_fw-la quia_fw-la non_fw-la solùm_fw-la aqua_fw-la sed_fw-la &_o aer_fw-la diaphanus_fw-la est_fw-la licèt_fw-la atomis_fw-la sit_fw-la plenissimus_fw-la that_o be_v these_o be_v much_o deceive_v for_o not_o only_o the_o water_n but_o also_o the_o air_n be_v diaphanous_a though_o it_o be_v full_a of_o atom_n and_o the_o fire_n do_v much_o excel_v they_o both_o in_o diaphanitie_n hence_o he_o say_v copia_fw-la aquae_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la diaphanitatis_fw-la causa_fw-la sed_fw-la aliud_fw-la quiddam_fw-la to_o wit_n the_o exact_a union_n of_o the_o earth_n resolve_v in_o minimas_fw-la particulas_fw-la and_o so_o plain_o and_o exquisite_o continue_v that_o the_o body_n constitute_v of_o it_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v discern_v to_o have_v any_o pore_n or_o atom_n in_o it_o continuitie_n alone_o he_o say_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o diaphanitie_n and_o that_o because_o the_o sight_n can_v in_o no_o wise_n be_v terminate_v in_o it_o unless_o it_o have_v some_o contingent_a accident_n in_o its_o averse_a part_n from_o the_o light_n or_o sun_n as_o some_o shadow_n which_o so_o hinder_v this_o part_n from_o be_v enlighten_v by_o the_o circumferent_a light_n that_o the_o contingent_a or_o accidental_a obscurity_n can_v but_o be_v perceive_v this_o may_v be_v experience_v in_o a_o lookingglass_n flaw_n crack_n or_o fissure_v in_o glass_n or_o crystal_n do_v much_o hinder_v their_o perspicuity_n and_o diaphanity_n whether_o they_o be_v internal_a or_o external_a because_o they_o have_v every_o one_o their_o distinct_a superficies_n do_v every_o one_o of_o they_o cause_n a_o divers_a reflection_n of_o the_o light_n which_o diversity_n of_o reflection_n procure_v a_o certain_a kind_n of_o confusion_n by_o which_o the_o diaphanitie_n of_o the_o body_n otherwise_o diaphanous_a be_v hinder_v the_o material_a cause_n of_o transparencie_n the_o material_a cause_n of_o this_o transparencie_n in_o gem_n be_v a_o species_n of_o salt_n which_o be_v a_o transparent_a terrestrial_a matter_n dilute_v with_o water_n which_o transparent_a salinous_a substance_n do_v by_o its_o acrimony_n penetrate_v pierce_v &_o cut_v the_o earth_n into_o most_o exquisite_a subtle_a small_a portion_n thus_o it_o do_v make_v the_o earth_n fit_a for_o diaphanitie_n and_o work_v out_o the_o water_n which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v its_o vehiculum_fw-la and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n by_o degree_n unite_n itself_o to_o these_o exqisite_a portion_n of_o earth_n it_o do_v grow_v together_o with_o they_o into_o a_o diaphanous_a gem_n so_o boetius_fw-la those_o gem_n which_o do_v contain_v most_o salinous_a matter_n in_o they_o be_v soft_a and_o more_o diaphanous_a than_o other_o gem_n as_o the_o crystal_n beryll_n iris_n citrinus_fw-la and_o the_o like_a the_o hard_a gem_n have_v least_o salt_n in_o they_o and_o be_v less_o diaphanous_a as_o the_o diamond_n qui_fw-la plùs_fw-la micat_fw-la quà m_fw-la transparet_fw-la the_o cause_n of_o the_o colour_n in_o precious_a stone_n as_o there_o be_v divers_a opinion_n concern_v the_o diaphanity_n of_o gem_n so_o there_o be_v likewise_o concern_v the_o tincture_n and_o colour_n of_o gem_n as_o will_v appear_v by_o what_o follow_v the_o colour_n which_o may_v be_v perceive_v in_o gem_n be_v either_o diaphanous_a i_o mean_v transparent_a or_o a_o opake_v obscure_a and_o shadow_a colour_n this_o do_v receive_v in_o the_o light_n and_o not_o again_o transmit_v it_o the_o other_o do_v again_o transmit_v say_v boetius_fw-la or_o send_v forth_o the_o light_n that_o it_o do_v receive_v in_o but_o absolute_a or_o perfect_a diaphanity_n and_o transparencie_n admit_v of_o no_o colour_n at_o all_o for_o wheresoever_o there_o be_v but_o any_o tincture_n of_o colour_n the_o transparencie_n or_o diaphanitie_n must_v needs_o be_v imperfect_a because_o the_o light_n seem_v to_o be_v affect_v and_o alter_v by_o the_o colour_n and_o therefore_o can_v be_v terminate_v in_o its_o own_o proper_a colour_n or_o rather_o perspicuity_n of_o the_o gemm_n but_o be_v terminate_v in_o some_o strange_a opake_v dark_a colour_n ansel_n boet._n l._n 1._o 23._o in_o gem_n or_o precious_a stone_n there_o be_v to_o be_v find_v a_o real_a colour_n and_o a_o apparent_a colour_n the_o real_a colour_n always_o remain_v though_o the_o light_n be_v absent_a the_o diversity_n of_o apparent_a colour_n do_v remain_v no_o long_o than_o while_o the_o light_n be_v present_a in_o perfect_o transparent_a or_o perspicuous_a gem_n or_o stone_n colour_n have_v their_o original_n from_o the_o refraction_n or_o reflection_n of_o the_o light_n which_o diversity_n of_o reflection_n in_o crystall_n be_v cause_v by_o the_o multiplicity_n of_o their_o superficies_n this_o will_v appear_v in_o a_o triangular_a or_o a_o hexagonall_a crystal_n which_o be_v absolute_o diaphanous_a have_v no_o colour_n at_o all_o in_o it_o and_o receive_v the_o light_n rectis_fw-la lineis_fw-la and_o do_v again_o transmit_v it_o rectis_fw-la lineis_fw-la yet_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o refraction_n and_o reflection_n of_o the_o light_n upon_o the_o multiplicity_n of_o superficies_n it_o do_v represent_v to_o our_o view_n various_a colour_n this_o we_o find_v true_a by_o experience_n say_v boetius_fw-la licèt_fw-la intellectus_fw-la id_fw-la non_fw-la capiat_fw-la therefore_o à _fw-la sensu_fw-la recedendum_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la that_o be_v though_o we_o can_v give_v no_o reason_n why_o pure_a simple_a immix_v light_n in_o a_o diaphanous_a exact_o transparent_a body_n deprive_v of_o all_o colour_n and_o the_o least_o tincture_n of_o any_o colour_n shall_v yet_o notwithstanding_o beget_v divers_a colour_n there_o be_v divers_a opinion_n concern_v the_o original_n of_o the_o colour_n in_o gem_n stone_n earth_n tree_n plant_n and_o flower_n some_o think_v the_o species_n salis_fw-la to_o be_v the_o causa_fw-la coloris_fw-la and_o will_v have_v the_o salem_fw-la armoniacum_fw-la naturae_fw-la which_o be_v very_o plentiful_a in_o mineral_n metal_n and_o in_o the_o earth_n to_o produce_v the_o various_a colour_n in_o plant_n flower_n gem_n and_o stone_n and_o in_o all_o other_o thing_n quid_fw-la sal_fw-la armoniacum_fw-la naturae_fw-la quid_fw-la and_o that_o which_o they_o call_v salem_fw-la armoniacum_fw-la naturae_fw-la est_fw-la sal_fw-la quoddam_fw-la spiritual_fw-la vivificum_fw-la quod_fw-la vino_fw-la sublimato_fw-la junctum_fw-la illo_fw-la priùs_fw-la ascendit_fw-la this_o be_v think_v by_o some_o to_o be_v the_o primum_fw-la movens_fw-la in_o the_o generation_n of_o thing_n and_o the_o conserve_n balsam_n of_o every_o thing_n and_o that_o which_o do_v adorn_v they_o with_o the_o beauty_n of_o their_o various_a colour_n the_o plenty_n of_o this_o salt_n which_o be_v find_v in_o every_o thing_n and_o may_v be_v extract_v out_o of_o every_o thing_n do_v cause_n this_o opinion_n concern_v the_o colour_n in_o gem_n and_o stone_n thing_n various_a opinion_n concern_v the_o original_n of_o colour_n in_o thing_n another_o reason_n which_o be_v give_v for_o this_o be_v this_o because_o it_o be_v collect_v and_o distil_v do_v of_o itself_o produce_v all_o kind_n of_o colour_n some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o various_a exhalation_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o colour_n other_o say_v that_o they_o be_v produce_v by_o the_o various_a commixtion_n of_o the_o element_n and_o by_o their_o concoction_n other_o that_o colores_fw-la à _fw-la primis_fw-la qualitatibus_fw-la in_o materiam_fw-la derivantur_fw-la other_o say_v that_o all_o colour_n do_v arise_v from_o the_o various_a commixtion_n of_o the_o two_o extreme_a colour_n that_o be_v of_o white_a and_o black_a lucis_fw-la &_o umbrae_fw-la as_o appear_v in_o the_o iris_fw-la or_o rainbow_n wherein_o out_o of_o light_n and_o darkness_n mix_v various_a colour_n do_v arise_v boetius_fw-la be_v of_o opinion_n that_o these_o be_v no_o cause_n of_o colour_n in_o thing_n but_o that_o all_o colour_n be_v
be_v do_v pour_v aqua_fw-la stygia_fw-la or_o aqua_fw-la regius_fw-la or_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la into_o those_o place_n where_o by_o engrave_v you_o have_v take_v away_o the_o wax_n with_o your_o pencil_n thus_o let_v the_o stone_n rest_n for_o a_o day_n and_o the_o aqua_fw-la stygia_fw-la by_o eat_v into_o the_o stone_n will_v engrave_v that_o part_n of_o the_o stone_n from_o whence_o the_o wax_n be_v take_v away_o and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o gem_n which_o be_v cover_v with_o the_o wax_n will_v remain_v whole_a and_o untouched_a faculty_n of_o gem_n some_o there_o be_v that_o do_v deny_v gem_n the_o proper_a grace_n of_o their_o natural_a faculty_n but_o sure_o this_o possession_n do_v dispossess_v they_o of_o their_o intellectual_a guide_n of_o reason_n or_o else_o by_o the_o only_a elementary_a constitution_n they_o will_v have_v be_v inform_v that_o such_o pure_a matter_n can_v not_o be_v without_o their_o virtue_n nor_o these_o form_n more_o than_o other_o want_v their_o vires_fw-la since_o that_o there_o be_v virtual_a form_n reason_n by_o experience_n every_o day_n confirm_v do_v convince_v we_o nor_o this_o elementary_a union_n sympathizing_o concord_v to_o beget_v a_o glorious_a beauty_n be_v without_o its_o quinta_fw-la qualitas_fw-la the_o result_n of_o the_o union_n of_o its_o element_n wonderful_o alter_v and_o diverse_o inter_fw-la se_fw-la mixtorum_fw-la sure_o man_n of_o such_o opinion_n never_o dream_v of_o gratia_fw-la paruis_fw-la but_o we_o know_v that_o god_n have_v give_v every_o thing_n its_o proper_a grace_n for_o inest_fw-la sva_fw-la gratia_fw-la paruis_fw-la inest_fw-la sva_fw-la gloria_fw-la gemmis_fw-la and_o inest_fw-la sva_fw-la singulis_fw-la propria_fw-la virtus_fw-la now_o as_o these_o who_o do_v deny_v the_o element_n inter_fw-la se_fw-la mixtis_fw-la their_o peculiar_a quality_n and_o their_o essence_n or_o quinta_fw-la qualitas_fw-la which_o do_v arise_v of_o their_o coalescencie_n as_o the_o result_n of_o the_o union_n of_o their_o matter_n do_v à _fw-fr scopo_fw-la nimis_fw-la aberrare_fw-la so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n those_o do_v keep_v at_o no_o less_o a_o distance_n from_o the_o truth_n who_o do_v attribute_n to_o gem_n that_o be_v natural_a thing_n power_n supernatural_a or_o above_o nature_n as_o will_v appear_v in_o what_o follow_v effect_n attribute_v to_o precious_a stone_n which_o their_o nature_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o effect_v some_o do_v impute_v such_o vires_fw-la to_o produce_v such_o effect_n to_o they_o as_o these_o creature_n can_v possible_o be_v capable_a of_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o natural_a faculty_n or_o elementary_a quality_n of_o gem_n or_o precious_a stone_n any_o man_n shall_v be_v make_v to_o walk_v or_o be_v invisible_a though_o albertus_n magnus_n and_o other_o lapidists_n do_v attribute_v such_o a_o faculty_n as_o this_o to_o the_o stone_n call_v opthalmius_n lapis_fw-la opthalmius_n lapis_fw-la and_o as_o impossible_a it_o be_v that_o any_o stone_n shall_v be_v so_o prevalent_a by_o the_o power_n of_o any_o virtue_n which_o natural_o it_o can_v be_v capable_a of_o as_o to_o obscure_v the_o sun_n or_o darken_v his_o beam_n which_o faculty_n pliny_n and_o other_o do_v attribute_n to_o the_o heliotrope_n of_o which_o they_o say_v heliotrope_n heliotrope_n that_o if_o you_o put_v it_o into_o water_n in_o a_o vessel_n oppose_v to_o the_o sun_n it_o will_v mutare_fw-la fulgorem_fw-la solis_fw-la accedentem_fw-la percussu_fw-la sanguineo_fw-la and_o for_o this_o cause_n they_o call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v solis_fw-la versionem_fw-la but_o such_o have_v be_v the_o error_n of_o the_o great_a searcher_n out_o of_o the_o secret_n of_o nature_n as_o that_o they_o have_v attribute_v to_o inanimate_a creature_n which_o be_v of_o the_o low_a order_n of_o all_o nature_n production_n power_n supernatural_a and_o vires_fw-la which_o their_o nature_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o know_v and_o therefore_o they_o can_v possible_o produce_v such_o effect_n as_o they_o report_v of_o they_o such_o as_o be_v the_o make_n of_o man_n eloquent_a gem_n extraordinary_a effect_n of_o gem_n or_o make_v of_o man_n poor_a or_o the_o make_n of_o man_n acceptable_a or_o to_o be_v favour_v or_o rich_a or_o fortunate_a or_o safe_a or_o secure_v yet_o be_v the_o strange_a transportation_n of_o some_o man_n even_o at_o this_o day_n such_o as_o that_o they_o will_v not_o let_v to_o affirm_v these_o thing_n to_o be_v true_a in_o their_o experience_n affirm_v that_o to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o natural_a faculty_n of_o precious_a stone_n in_o make_v man_n either_o favour_v or_o accept_v or_o to_o be_v invisible_a or_o to_o be_v sudden_o enrich_v which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o working_n of_o god_n with_o man_n must_v necessary_o be_v the_o work_n of_o the_o devil_n to_o delude_v and_o ensnare_v and_o enthrall_v man_n by_o strange_a thing_n be_v report_v of_o lapidists_n concern_v the_o virtue_n of_o gem_n and_o of_o their_o strange_a change_n upon_o several_a occasion_n of_o the_o diamond_n which_o the_o high_a priest_n wear_v in_o the_o breastplate_n of_o judgement_n upon_o the_o ephod_n when_o he_o go_v into_o the_o sanctum_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la it_o be_v say_v that_o if_o the_o jew_n have_v sin_v against_o god_n the_o diamond_n will_v turn_v black_a of_o a_o emerald_n lapidists_n say_v that_o it_o do_v discover_v adultery_n and_o that_o where_o it_o accidental_o meet_v with_o such_o person_n it_o do_v suffer_v very_o strange_a change_n and_o alteration_n of_o the_o turkey-stone_n they_o say_v that_o it_o do_v participate_v with_o all_o its_o master_n danger_n peril_n and_o evil_n and_o that_o it_o do_v receive_v his_o injury_n and_o the_o harm_n of_o his_o blow_n fall_n and_o contusion_n into_o itself_o but_o those_o that_o think_v that_o any_o gem_n or_o precious_a stone_n be_v sensible_a of_o injury_n or_o affect_v with_o strange_a alteration_n by_o a_o natural_a discord_n which_o be_v betwixt_o they_o and_o unclean_a person_n think_v much_o amiss_o for_o all_o gem_n be_v material_a mix_v natural_a thing_n and_o therefore_o by_o their_o own_o proper_a quality_n they_o can_v effect_v nothing_o else_o but_o natural_a thing_n now_o to_o the_o effect_n of_o all_o natural_a thing_n whether_o the_o thing_n be_v effect_v by_o a_o gemm_n or_o by_o any_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o connexion_n or_o some_o kind_n of_o knit_v of_o its_o cause_n with_o the_o effect_n but_o in_o the_o discover_n of_o sin_n by_o gem_n or_o in_o the_o gem_n receive_v its_o master_n injury_n into_o itself_o there_o can_v be_v no_o such_o probable_a connexion_n of_o the_o cause_n with_o the_o effect_n find_v therefore_o such_o admirable_a effect_n can_v true_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o natural_a effect_n of_o gem_n nevertheless_o though_o gem_n as_o be_v material_a mix_v body_n can_v by_o their_o own_o proper_a power_n and_o faculty_n produce_v such_o admirable_a and_o supernatural_a thing_n as_o that_o we_o may_v say_v that_o they_o be_v true_o and_o absolute_o cause_v of_o such_o effect_n yet_o they_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v continent_n cause_n if_o we_o grant_v that_o which_o some_o affirm_v namely_o that_o ofttimes_o they_o be_v the_o habitacle_n of_o daemon_n and_o intelligence_n which_o johannes_n langius_n in_o his_o epistle_n call_v syderum_fw-la &_o orbium_fw-la motores_fw-la and_o if_o we_o grant_v that_o gem_n be_v habitacle_n for_o these_o we_o need_v not_o doubt_v but_o these_o be_v those_o occult_a property_n which_o do_v produce_v so_o many_o strange_a effect_n as_o be_v impute_v either_o to_o the_o interposition_n wear_v or_o carry_v of_o gem_n to_o the_o delude_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o man_n in_o the_o right_a understanding_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o gem_n and_o precious_a stone_n langius_n his_o opinion_n of_o the_o generate_a of_o gem_n these_o intelligence_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o motores_fw-la orbium_fw-la inhabit_v under_o this_o concave_a orb_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o cooperate_a aethereo_fw-la syderum_fw-la calore_fw-la &_o spiritu_fw-la do_v say_v johannes_n langius_n epistolis_fw-la medicinalibus_fw-la without_o a_o seman_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n produce_v various_a effigy_n in_o rock_n in_o conchyliis_n and_o likewise_o they_o do_v oft_o in_o their_o sport_v frolic_v transform_v by_o the_o power_n of_o their_o own_o elaboration_n stick_n bough_n tree_n and_o plant_n into_o stone_n and_o by_o a_o like_a admire_a metamorphosis_n they_o do_v procreate_v many_o strange_a birth_n some_o of_o they_o to_o be_v admire_v for_o their_o original_n other_o for_o their_o shape_n these_o be_v those_o that_o do_v possess_v man_n with_o the_o strange_a effect_n of_o gem_n as_o if_o they_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o such_o effect_n when_o indeed_o they_o be_v the_o unespy_v and_o secret_a production_n of_o the_o hide_a working_n of_o these_o intelligence_n though_o cardan_n
be_v hang_v by_o a_o thread_n perpendicular_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o glass_n against_o the_o side_n of_o the_o glass_n the_o hour_n be_v spontaneous_o indicate_v it_o may_v i_o say_v be_v conclude_v that_o if_o this_o pulsation_n by_o which_o the_o hour_n be_v indicate_v or_o show_v be_v not_o cause_v by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o person_n that_o hold_v the_o string_n to_o which_o the_o ring_n be_v fasten_v quod_fw-la puto_fw-la say_v boetius_fw-la then_o that_o this_o motion_n have_v its_o perfection_n from_o the_o power_n and_o help_v of_o the_o devil_n gem_n and_o precious_a stone_n be_v only_o natural_a cause_n of_o their_o effect_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n the_o effect_n of_o they_o can_v be_v only_o natural_a and_o such_o as_o be_v always_o real_a effect_n and_o never_o intentional_a and_o material_a effect_n and_o seldom_o spiritual_a viz._n then_o only_o when_o such_o effect_n be_v effect_v by_o some_o mean_a or_o other_o which_o may_v more_o true_o be_v determine_v to_o be_v a_o cause_n then_o the_o gemm_n itself_o what_o we_o have_v determine_v concern_v the_o turchoyse_n the_o same_o upon_o the_o same_o ground_n we_o may_v determine_v and_o conclude_v concern_v those_o gem_n which_o be_v say_v to_o work_v strange_a effect_n by_o the_o power_n of_o celestial_a figure_n engrave_v on_o they_o for_o all_o such_o celestial_a figure_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o fictitious_a and_o imaginary_a thing_n and_o no_o real_a entity_n at_o all_o and_o therefore_o can_v be_v capable_a of_o any_o power_n to_o do_v any_o such_o strange_a effect_n neither_o have_v such_o figure_n or_o can_v they_o have_v any_o conveniency_n or_o agreement_n at_o all_o with_o thing_n here_o below_o for_o the_o produce_v of_o any_o effect_n in_o they_o or_o by_o they_o whether_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o or_o that_o effect_n be_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o it_o or_o no_o will_v appear_v by_o these_o thing_n rule_n 1._o if_o the_o cause_n be_v such_o as_o do_v in_o no_o kind_n repugn_v or_o contradict_v the_o effect_n such_o cause_n as_o these_o be_v all_o those_o that_o have_v in_o themselves_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o effect_n either_o virtual_o or_o formal_o 2._o if_o the_o cause_n do_v act_n within_o the_o certain_a limit_n or_o bound_n alicujus_fw-la spatii_fw-la together_o with_o all_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v necessary_a to_o produce_v such_o a_o effect_n and_o the_o effect_n do_v upon_o this_o work_n of_o the_o cause_n without_o any_o prejudices_fw-la to_o the_o contrary_a or_o intercede_v impediment_n follow_v in_o its_o determine_a time_n according_a as_o the_o cause_n within_o the_o determine_a bound_n of_o its_o space_n be_v apply_v to_o produce_v this_o or_o that_o effect_n soon_o or_o late_a 3._o if_o the_o cause_n apply_v have_v always_o the_o same_o power_n and_o force_n and_o be_v free_a from_o all_o superstition_n and_o every_o suspicion_n thereof_o 4._o if_o that_o the_o cause_n be_v take_v away_o the_o effect_n notwithstanding_o all_o other_o thing_n and_o circumstance_n remain_v do_v not_o or_o can_v follow_v iii_o that_o we_o may_v not_o be_v mistake_v in_o the_o effect_n of_o creature_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v know_v how_o many_o kind_n of_o effect_n from_o all_o cause_n may_v be_v find_v in_o the_o whole_a universe_n such_o effect_n as_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o world_n be_v these_o first_o effect_n which_o be_v in_o their_o perfection_n above_o all_o the_o power_n of_o natural_a cause_n for_o example_n sake_n 1._o no_o natural_a cause_n can_v separate_v the_o heat_n from_o the_o fire_n nor_o can_v any_o natural_a cause_n make_v fire_n to_o burn_v without_o heat_n 2._o it_o be_v above_o the_o power_n of_o a_o natural_a cause_n to_o make_v a_o man_n invisible_a no_o natural_a cause_n can_v effect_v this_o because_o man_n be_v a_o opake_v or_o a_o obscure_a body_n and_o such_o a_o body_n as_o have_v no_o perspicuity_n or_o transparency_n at_o all_o in_o it_o and_o therefore_o it_o can_v possible_o be_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v make_v inconspicuous_a or_o disapparent_n without_o some_o present_a impediment_n boet._n second_o effect_n which_o do_v not_o exceed_v the_o power_n of_o natural_a cause_n but_o yet_o be_v above_o the_o mean_a which_o natural_a cause_n do_v use_v to_o produce_v such_o effect_n according_a to_o the_o prescript_n rule_n and_o order_n of_o nature_n such_o a_o effect_n be_v this_o which_o follow_v the_o saviour_n of_o the_o world_n be_v bear_v of_o the_o virgin_n mary_n as_o it_o be_v natural_a for_o a_o man_n to_o be_v bear_v of_o a_o woman_n but_o here_o the_o mean_a and_o manner_n of_o beget_v and_o of_o conception_n be_v supernatural_a and_o above_o all_o the_o power_n of_o natural_a cause_n for_o here_o the_o conception_n and_o manner_n of_o beget_v be_v altogether_o without_o the_o coition_n and_o congression_n of_o man_n which_o effect_n can_v be_v no_o otherwise_o cause_v then_o by_o a_o supernatural_a power_n namely_o by_o the_o power_n of_o god_n who_o do_v wonderful_o effect_v the_o conception_n and_o birth_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o womb_n of_o the_o virgin_n by_o the_o power_n of_o his_o holy_a spirit_n these_o two_o first_o kind_n of_o effect_n which_o have_v be_v and_o may_v be_v find_v in_o the_o world_n boetius_fw-la l._n 1._o p._n 45._o say_v can_v possible_o be_v bring_v to_o pass_v but_o by_o the_o power_n of_o god_n or_o of_o the_o devil_n god_n permit_v three_o effect_n which_o do_v not_o exceed_v the_o power_n of_o natural_a cause_n but_o yet_o the_o cause_n apply_v for_o the_o produce_v of_o these_o effect_n do_v not_o keep_v the_o ordinary_a mean_a for_o the_o produce_v of_o they_o such_o a_o effect_n be_v this_o of_o chemistry_n when_o as_o by_o chemical_a art_n gold_n be_v make_v of_o silver_n and_o such_o a_o effect_n be_v this_o which_o be_v so_o oft_o practise_v in_o nature_n orchard_n and_o garden_n where_o when_o as_o nature_n by_o her_o own_o work_n do_v produce_v the_o several_a species_n of_o fruit_n from_o their_o own_o proper_a and_o peculiar_a original_n art_n do_v as_o it_o be_v force_n and_o violate_v she_o to_o contradict_v her_o law_n rule_n and_o order_n by_o insition_n and_o inoculation_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v we_o may_v oft_o time_n see_v the_o fruitfull_a and_o best_a tree_n bear_v fruit_n of_o other_o stock_n than_o their_o own_o four_o effect_n which_o do_v depend_v upon_o natural_a cause_n which_o observe_v and_o keep_v the_o ordinary_a mean_n which_o be_v to_o be_v apply_v for_o the_o produce_v of_o such_o and_o such_o effect_n such_o a_o effect_n as_o this_o it_o be_v when_o as_o the_o rain_n be_v generate_v by_o the_o ascend_a up_o of_o vapour_n and_o when_o ice_n be_v dissolve_v into_o water_n by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o when_o man_n be_v generate_v of_o man_n and_o woman_n which_o be_v nature_n ordinary_a way_n for_o generation_n these_o be_v the_o effect_n which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o world_n the_o four_o and_o last_o kind_n of_o which_o be_v pure_o natural_a which_o that_o they_o may_v be_v real_o so_o they_o do_v require_v divers_a condition_n condition_n to_o make_v effect_n true_o natural_a 1._o that_o a_o effect_n may_v be_v true_o natural_a it_o be_v require_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v some_o subject_a present_a which_o may_v receive_v the_o effect_n from_o its_o efficient_a cause_n 2._o it_o be_v require_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o certain_a latitude_n or_o distance_n betwixt_o the_o efficient_a cause_n and_o the_o subject_n out_o of_o which_o the_o effect_n be_v to_o be_v produce_v beyond_o which_o distance_n or_o limit_n the_o effect_n can_v at_o all_o be_v produce_v this_o will_v appear_v by_o this_o solary_a example_n the_o sun_n while_o it_o have_v its_o residence_n in_o tropico_fw-la australi_fw-la or_o in_o the_o tropic_a of_o capricorn_n can_v so_o warm_v the_o region_n and_o country_n that_o be_v situate_a about_o the_o arctic_a pole_n as_o 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candidus_fw-la or_o the_o white_a saphire_n these_o be_v many_o time_n substitute_v for_o diamond_n and_o they_o be_v call_v the_o female_a saphire_n the_o other_o the_o male_a that_o stone_n which_o pliny_n do_v in_o some_o place_n call_v the_o saphire_n be_v the_o cyanus_n or_o lapis_fw-la lazuli_fw-la the_o place_n they_o be_v find_v in_o calcutta_n cananor_n and_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o bisnager_n in_o zeilan_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o pegu_n and_o in_o the_o eastern_a country_n there_o be_v also_o of_o these_o stone_n find_v in_o the_o western_a country_n as_o in_o bohemia_n and_o very_o good_a one_o in_o silesia_n in_o these_o part_n there_o be_v of_o these_o stone_n find_v very_o transparent_a but_o soft_a of_o a_o milkish_a colour_n mix_v with_o a_o blue_a and_o they_o be_v call_v leucosaphirus_n these_o be_v subject_a to_o many_o harm_n the_o best_a be_v so_o hard_a that_o they_o can_v be_v file_v the_o colour_n of_o these_o saphire_n may_v so_o be_v take_v away_o as_o 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stone_n the_o opalus_n be_v a_o precious_a stone_n which_o have_v in_o it_o the_o bright_a fiery_a flame_n of_o a_o carbuncle_n the_o pure_a refulgent_a purple_a of_o a_o amethyst_n and_o a_o whole_a sea_n of_o the_o emerald_n spring_v glory_n or_o virescency_n and_o every_o one_o of_o they_o shine_v with_o a_o incredible_a mixture_n and_o very_o much_o pleasure_n so_o that_o this_o can_v easy_o be_v counterfeit_v or_o adulterate_v as_o other_o jewel_n may_v boetius_fw-la say_v of_o it_o that_o it_o be_v the_o fair_a and_o most_o please_a of_o all_o other_o jewel_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o various_a colour_n cardanus_n say_v that_o he_o buy_v one_o for_o 15_o crown_n 7._o cardan_n de_fw-fr subt._n l._n 7._o that_o he_o take_v as_o much_o pleasure_n in_o as_o he_o can_v do_v in_o a_o diamond_n of_o 500_o aureos_fw-la in_o many_o of_o these_o stone_n do_v appear_v skie-colour_n purple_a green_n yellow_a red_a and_o sometime_o a_o black_a and_o white_a or_o milkish_a colour_n but_o we_o 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its_o adulteration_n though_o a_o foil_n can_v hardly_o be_v useful_a in_o the_o set_n off_o of_o the_o true_a jewel_n yet_o by_o other_o stone_n it_o can_v be_v counterfeit_v imitate_v or_o adulterate_v but_o by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o foil_n impostor_n can_v adulterate_v it_o with_o a_o double_a glass_n tincture_v or_o colour_v or_o with_o a_o convenient_a tinctured_a foil_n betwixt_o they_o or_o with_o two_o crystal_n or_o other_o diaphanous_a stone_n join_v together_o with_o a_o convenient_a foil_n baptista_n porta_n say_v that_o if_o the_o calx_fw-la of_o tin_n be_v cast_v into_o melt_a crystal_n glass_n it_o will_v cloud_v it_o and_o colour_v it_o like_o a_o opalus_n quercitanus_n say_v that_o the_o spirit_n of_o nitrum_fw-la will_v colour_v a_o glass_n alembick_a with_o variety_n of_o colour_n like_v unto_o a_o opalus_n as_o appear_v by_o his_o book_n call_v priscorum_fw-la philosophorum_fw-la vera_fw-la medicina_fw-la of_o its_o name_n it_o be_v know_v of_o jeweller_n that_o be_v most_o expert_a by_o the_o name_n of_o opalus_n in_o english_a it_o be_v so_o call_v the_o italian_n call_v it_o girasole_n and_o scambaia_n the_o kind_n of_o it_o there_o be_v four_o kind_n of_o it_o the_o first_o kind_n of_o it_o do_v imitate_v red_a green_a skie-colour_n and_o purple_a and_o sometime_o purple_a with_o a_o yellow_a colour_n and_o these_o be_v the_o best_a of_o all_o other_o these_o be_v know_v by_o their_o carbuncle_n flame_n by_o their_o amethyst_n splendour_n and_o by_o their_o emerald_n viridity_n all_o shine_a together_o with_o a_o incredible_a mixture_n and_o by_o their_o admirable_a and_o wonderful_a ponderosity_n for_o this_o be_v a_o gemm_n that_o though_o it_o be_v seldom_o find_v big_a for_o magnitude_n then_o a_o bean_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o less_o bigness_n yet_o its_o weight_n will_v
be_v incredible_a as_o appear_v by_o this_o of_o cardanus_n 349._o card._n the_o subtle_a l._n 7._o pag._n 349._o who_o speak_v of_o one_o of_o these_o stone_n that_o be_v short_a than_o a_o bean_n and_o not_o thick_a that_o weigh_v dvos_fw-la denarios_fw-la that_o be_v say_v he_o almost_o fifty_o grain_n of_o wheat_n the_o best_a be_v hard_a the_o other_o be_v soft_a the_o cause_n of_o its_o wonderful_a propriety_n and_o of_o its_o various_a delightful_a colour_n cardanus_n say_v be_v this_o because_o the_o stone_n be_v crisp_a and_o of_o some_o pervious_a part_n by_o those_o part_n which_o be_v not_o pervious_a or_o porous_a it_o do_v receive_v the_o light_n and_o return_v it_o and_o by_o this_o mean_v it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o it_o have_v a_o white_a snowy_a brightness_n and_o splendour_n contrariwise_o by_o a_o contrary_a conversion_n it_o do_v receive_v the_o light_n but_o not_o return_v it_o and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o stone_n appear_v dark_a obscure_a and_o of_o 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earth_n boetius_fw-la 98._o its_o virtue_n it_o be_v report_v of_o this_o stone_n that_o it_o sharpen_v the_o sight_n of_o the_o possessor_n of_o it_o and_o cloud_v the_o eye_n of_o those_o that_o stand_v about_o he_o so_o that_o they_o can_v either_o not_o see_v or_o not_o mind_n what_o be_v do_v before_o they_o for_o this_o cause_n it_o be_v assert_v to_o be_v a_o safe_a patron_n of_o thief_n and_o theft_n as_o it_o be_v relate_v in_o lapidario_n it_o be_v value_n history_n among_o the_o roman_n it_o be_v in_o great_a request_n for_o it_o be_v report_v of_o nonius_n a_o senator_n that_o he_o have_v rather_o have_v be_v deprive_v of_o his_o country_n and_o senatourship_n than_o part_n with_o a_o opalus_n which_o he_o have_v from_o antonius_n this_o opalus_n of_o nonius_n be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o filberd_n and_o esteem_v at_o twenty_o thousand_o aureos_fw-la boetius_fw-la say_v he_o see_v one_o of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o walnut_n perspicuous_a with_o various_a colour_n and_o milkish_a which_o be_v value_v at_o 200_o crown_n their_o price_n and_o esteem_n be_v not_o great_a in_o these_o day_n for_o one_o of_o four_o grain_n weight_n of_o the_o first_o and_o best_a kind_n be_v scarce_o worth_a three_o crown_n the_o other_o have_v their_o value_n according_a to_o their_o bigness_n and_o beauty_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o emerald_n or_o smaragde_v description_n of_o the_o stone_n the_o emerald_n be_v a_o precious_a stone_n or_o gem_n of_o so_o excellent_a a_o viridity_n or_o spring-colour_n as_o that_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v look_v upon_o a_o emerald_n by_o a_o pleasant_a green_a meadow_n it_o will_v be_v more_o amiable_a than_o the_o meadow_n and_o overcome_v the_o meadow_n glory_n by_o the_o glory_n of_o that_o spring_n of_o viriditie_n which_o it_o have_v in_o its_o self_n the_o largeness_n of_o the_o meadow_n it_o will_v overcome_v with_o the_o amplitude_n of_o its_o glory_n wherewith_o far_o above_o its_o greatness_n it_o do_v feed_v the_o eye_n and_o the_o virescencie_n of_o the_o meadow_n it_o will_v overcome_v with_o the_o brightness_n of_o its_o glory_n which_o in_o itself_o seem_v to_o embrace_v the_o glorious_a viridity_n of_o many_o spring_n this_o stone_n be_v know_v by_o its_o apparent_a coldness_n in_o the_o mouth_n by_o its_o gravity_n be_v weigh_v and_o in_o this_o that_o be_v cast_v into_o a_o fire_n it_o will_v not_o burn_v nor_o send_v forth_o any_o flame_n and_o that_o in_o the_o brightness_n of_o the_o sun_n it_o will_v keep_v its_o excellent_a viridity_n and_o greenness_n of_o its_o foil_n or_o tincture_n the_o emerald_n be_v a_o transparent_a stone_n and_o therefore_o may_v be_v substrate_a with_o a_o convenient_a foil_n of_o its_o adulteration_n there_o be_v many_o way_n which_o impostor_n use_v to_o adulterate_a this_o gemm_n as_o with_o crystal_n glass_n and_o flint_n calcine_v and_o melt_v together_o and_o then_o a_o small_a quantity_n of_o minium_n or_o red_a lead_n be_v add_v other_o take_v aes_fw-la ustum_fw-la fine_o powder_a and_o half_a so_o much_o crocus_fw-la martis_n these_o they_o set_v in_o a_o furnace_n of_o fire_n for_o the_o space_n of_o six_o hour_n that_o they_o may_v be_v melt_v together_o then_o they_o let_v the_o vessel_n cool_v and_o afterward_o they_o take_v out_o the_o jewel_n and_o polish_v it_o and_o if_o this_o be_v right_o do_v this_o jewel_n will_v be_v very_o like_a to_o the_o american_n emerald_n of_o its_o name_n in_o hebrew_n it_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v topazius_n aethiopicus_n job_n 28.19_o and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v topazius_n or_o smaragdus_n as_o exod._n 28.19_o which_o be_v render_v by_o caldeus_n lapidem_fw-la viridem_fw-la and_o know_v among_o we_o by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o emerald_n in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d nomin_v isiodor_n lib._n 16._o c._n 7._o de_fw-la etymolog_fw-la nomin_v and_o in_o latin_a it_n be_v call_v smaragdus_n by_o which_o name_n isiodorus_n in_o his_o book_n of_o etymoligy_n of_o name_n say_v it_o be_v call_v from_o its_o viridity_n and_o excellent_a greenness_n or_o it_o may_v be_v so_o call_v from_o its_o splendencie_n and_o lustre_n is_n be_v also_o in_o greek_a call_v prassinus_fw-la because_o of_o the_o resemblance_n of_o the_o greenness_n of_o leek_n which_o be_v in_o it_o epiphanius_n say_v it_o be_v call_v neronianus_n and_o domitianus_n it_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v the_o name_n neronianus_n from_o he_o that_o invent_v the_o use_n of_o it_o who_o be_v call_v by_o that_o name_n horace_n call_v it_o lapis_fw-la viridis_fw-la in_o dutch_a ein_fw-mi smaragde_v in_o italian_a smeraldo_n in_o spanish_a esmeralda_n in_o french_a esmeraud_n the_o persian_n and_o indian_n call_v it_o pacheè_fw-la the_o arabian_n zamarut_fw-fr serapio_n and_o pandectarius_n call_v it_o tabarget_n in_o english_a it_o be_v call_v the_o green_a stone_n emerald_n and_o smaragde_v of_o its_o kind_n among_o the_o precious_a green_a stone_n there_o be_v none_o so_o pleasant_a and_o so_o excellent_a as_o the_o emerald_n it_o be_v pellucide_v and_o do_v much_o delight_n the_o eye_n with_o its_o colour_n it_o have_v no_o mixture_n of_o blue_a as_o in_o the_o turkey-stone_n nor_o of_o yellow_a as_o in_o the_o topaz_n of_o the_o ancient_n which_o be_v now_o call_v the_o chrysolite_n the_o best_a oriental_a one_o be_v very_o hard_a and_o of_o a_o very_a fair_a pleasant_a green_a colour_n like_v unto_o a_o green_a field_n in_o the_o spring_n they_o do_v much_o sharpen_v and_o acuate_v the_o dulness_n of_o the_o fight_n and_o therefore_o engraver_n will_v most_o willing_o be_v employ_v about_o they_o they_o be_v very_o transparent_a and_o do_v very_o excellent_o dart_v forth_o their_o ray_n like_o lightning_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v of_o great_a esteem_n
crystal_n the_o kind_n of_o it_o the_o name_n of_o crystal_n may_v be_v give_v to_o all_o gem_n that_o be_v soft_a diaphanous_a and_o void_a of_o colour_n boetius_fw-la make_v four_o kind_n of_o it_o first_o crystallus_n montanus_n which_o be_v excellent_o pure_a fair_a and_o beautiful_a and_o be_v find_v sometime_o six_o corner_a and_o sometime_o round_o and_o globous_a like_o flint_n which_o be_v hard_a than_o other_o and_o like_v unto_o diamond_n 2._o the_o second_o kind_n be_v call_v iris._n 3._o citrinus_fw-la 4._o pseudoadamas_n of_o the_o place_n the_o corner_a one_o be_v find_v in_o divers_a part_n of_o europe_n as_o in_o the_o alps_n in_o germany_n in_o bohemia_n in_o hungary_n in_o cyprus_n in_o lusitania_n and_o in_o the_o field_n of_o pisania_n the_o round_a one_o or_o pseudoadamas_n be_v find_v near_o unto_o arnemhius_n a_o town_n of_o geldria_n &_o near_o unto_o brussels_n and_o in_o france_n bohemia_n and_o silesia_n these_o sometime_o be_v so_o hard_a and_o do_v so_o excellent_o sparkle_v that_o they_o can_v scarce_o be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o oriental_a diamond_n of_o its_o nature_n and_o faculty_n it_o be_v cold_a and_o dry_a be_v hold_v under_o the_o tongue_n in_o fever_n it_o do_v quench_v thirst_n and_o so_o likewise_o in_o these_o case_n it_o do_v much_o recreate_v if_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o hand_n and_o as_o it_o grow_v warm_a cool_v in_o fair_a water_n the_o powder_n of_o it_o either_o calcine_v or_o crude_a be_v drink_v in_o wine_n be_v good_a against_o dysentery_n and_o the_o white_n a_o drachma_n of_o its_o powder_n take_v in_o the_o oil_n of_o sweet_a almond_n cure_v those_o that_o have_v take_v sublimate_n it_o be_v use_v either_o in_o powder_n or_o the_o salt_n of_o it_o or_o the_o oil_n of_o it_o against_o all_o obstruction_n of_o the_o bowel_n against_o gout_n swound_n and_o all_o cephalick_fw-mi disease_n say_v boetius_fw-la andr._n baccius_n and_o other_o of_o its_o dignity_n and_o value_n for_o its_o dignity_n the_o 22.1_o the_o rev._n 21.11_o and_o 22.1_o sacred_a use_n that_o have_v be_v make_v of_o it_o make_v it_o of_o very_o great_a esteem_n and_o it_o be_v own_o glory_n and_o beauty_n do_v commend_v its_o worth_n and_o according_o it_o be_v value_v and_o esteem_v of_o prince_n and_o great_a man_n and_o of_o those_o who_o know_v how_o judicious_o to_o judge_v of_o thing_n according_a to_o their_o excellency_n and_o intrinsic_a glory_n chap._n xx._n of_o the_o asteria_n or_o gemma_fw-la solis_fw-la the_o asteria_n or_o gemma_fw-la solis_fw-la be_v a_o kind_n of_o opalus_n which_o do_v sparkle_v forth_o its_o beam_n like_o a_o star_n it_o be_v a_o hard_a transparent_a stone_n it_o be_v call_v gemma_fw-la solis_fw-la because_o if_o it_o be_v hold_v against_o the_o sun_n and_o turn_v it_o seem_v to_o show_v the_o sun_n as_o it_o be_v walk_v in_o it_o or_o the_o likeness_n of_o a_o move_a star_n and_o be_v hold_v against_o the_o light_n it_o do_v the_o same_o its_o name_n it_o be_v call_v of_o pliny_n astroite_n and_o ceraunia_n it_o be_v also_o call_v asteria_n michael_n mercatus_n call_v it_o astrobolus_n it_o be_v also_o call_v oculus_fw-la felis_fw-la the_o place_n it_o be_v find_v in_o carmania_n and_o india_n anselmus_fw-la boetius_fw-la say_v that_o he_o suppose_v that_o to_o be_v the_o asteria_n or_o the_o gemma_fw-la solis_fw-la which_o like_o a_o milkish_a crystal_n have_v a_o round_a light_n include_v in_o it_o do_v send_v it_o forth_o walk_v with_o a_o certain_a inclination_n and_o that_o to_o be_v the_o astroiten_n which_o have_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o as_o it_o be_v small_a star_n shine_v this_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o opalus_n of_o its_o nature_n and_o property_n it_o be_v report_v of_o it_o that_o it_o do_v procure_v sleep_n and_o drive_v away_o terror_n of_o the_o night_n and_o troublesome_a dream_n it_o be_v dignity_n and_o value_n the_o oriental_a one_o be_v very_o beautiful_a and_o so_o hard_a that_o they_o can_v hardly_o be_v engrave_v it_o be_v esteem_v in_o value_n worth_a twice_o the_o price_n of_o the_o engrave_v chap._n xxi_o of_o the_o oculus_fw-la cati._fw-la the_o oculus_fw-la cati_fw-la be_v the_o various_a colour_a astroiten_n of_o pliny_n its_o name_n it_o be_v call_v of_o some_o oculus_fw-la solis_fw-la of_o the_o persian_n mithrax_n that_o be_v the_o sun_n cardanus_n call_v it_o the_o pseudopalus_n but_o the_o colour_n be_v not_o so_o distinct_a in_o this_o and_o this_o also_o be_v far_o hard_a place_n they_o be_v find_v in_o zealand_n and_o in_o pegu_n they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v bring_v from_o the_o country_n of_o bramaa_n thither_o it_o be_v dignity_n and_o value_n this_o stone_n be_v great_o esteem_v among_o the_o indian_n because_o they_o be_v persuade_v of_o the_o devil_n that_o he_o that_o wear_v it_o can_v want_v riches_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n that_o which_o in_o lusitania_n be_v sell_v for_o 90_o aurei_fw-la be_v among_o the_o indian_n esteem_v worth_a 600_o aurei_fw-la it_o be_v usual_o of_o the_o same_o price_n and_o esteem_v with_o the_o opalus_n hitherto_o have_v be_v speak_v of_o transparent_a gem_n the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o lapidary_n of_o semi-transparent_a or_o half-transparent_a gem_n chap._n xxii_o of_o the_o sardius_n or_o cornelian_a hitherto_o have_v be_v discover_v the_o species_n of_o diaphanous_a or_o perfect_o transparent_a gem_n in_o their_o immix_v glory_n or_o with_o their_o beautiful_a tincture_n together_o with_o their_o foyl_n adulteration_n name_n kind_n the_o place_n in_o which_o they_o have_v their_o original_n their_o property_n nature_n faculty_n dignity_n and_o value_v it_o follow_v that_o i_o shall_v make_v a_o like_a discovery_n of_o semi-transparent_a or_o half-transparent_a gem_n which_o that_o i_o may_v do_v together_o with_o what_o i_o find_v in_o anselmus_fw-la boetius_fw-la i_o will_v join_v the_o verity_n of_o other_o simplicist_n or_o lapidists_n that_o so_o we_o may_v come_v to_o a_o perfect_a discovery_n of_o these_o gem_n in_o their_o own_o proper_a excellency_n and_o glory_n and_o in_o the_o beauty_n of_o their_o species_n among_o the_o half_a transparent_a stone_n or_o gem_n anselmus_fw-la boetius_fw-la give_v the_o first_o place_n to_o the_o sardius_n or_o cornelian_a it_o be_v heretofore_o dignify_v by_o sacred_a use_n both_o in_o the_o old_a and_o new_a testament_n as_o will_v afterward_o appear_v in_o the_o dignity_n and_o value_n thereof_o it_o shall_v here_o likewise_o be_v dignify_v with_o the_o first_o place_n in_o the_o consideration_n of_o half_a transparent_a stone_n the_o sardius_n or_o sarda_n be_v a_o stone_n or_o precious_a gem_n of_o a_o red_a colour_n which_o pliny_n say_v be_v best_a resemble_v by_o the_o colour_n of_o a_o pickle_a sardine_n fish_n or_o anchovis_n which_o colour_n if_o it_o be_v more_o remiss_a or_o dilute_a then_o be_v it_o call_v carneolus_fw-la or_o corneolus_n from_o the_o resemblance_n of_o flesh_n half-transparent_a gem_n admit_v of_o no_o foyl_n or_o tincture_n the_o reason_n of_o it_o be_v clear_a in_o the_o sight_n of_o every_o eye_n for_o whatever_o foil_n may_v be_v substrate_a in_o a_o enclosure_n of_o gold_n under_o a_o half-transparent_a gem_n can_v for_o want_v of_o great_a transparencie_n render_v it_o more_o glorious_a then_o natural_o it_o be_v in_o itself_o and_o as_o it_o admit_v of_o no_o foil_n so_o there_o be_v no_o adulteration_n of_o it_o to_o be_v find_v in_o anselmus_fw-la boetius_fw-la what_o may_v be_v do_v by_o artificial_a sophistication_n in_o this_o kind_n i_o shall_v let_v alone_o till_o further_a opportunity_n great_a help_n and_o better_a information_n only_o this_o boetius_fw-la say_v that_o it_o be_v adulterate_v with_o glass_n of_o the_o same_o colour_n but_o this_o be_v very_o unlike_a as_o every_o know_a eye_n will_v easy_o discover_v of_o its_o name_n in_o hebrew_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o job_n 28.16_o buxtorff_n do_v interpret_v it_o to_o be_v the_o onyx_n and_o other_o to_o be_v the_o sardonyx_n as_o junius_n in_o exod._n 25.7_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v lapides_fw-la sardoniche_n &_o lapides_fw-la insitivi_fw-la pro_fw-la amiculo_fw-la &_o pro_fw-la pectorali_fw-la sacro_fw-la in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o latin_a it_n be_v call_v sardius_n sarda_n and_o carneolus_fw-la and_o corneolus_n and_o cornelius_n the_o italian_n and_o french_a call_v it_o carneolus_fw-la the_o german_n ein_fw-mi corneol_n it_o have_v also_o be_v call_v darneolus_n say_v pliny_n lib._n 37._o cap._n 7._o in_o english_a a_o sardius_n or_o cornelian_a of_o the_o kind_n of_o it_o there_o be_v three_o kind_n of_o this_o gemm_n as_o say_v boetius_fw-la 1._o a_o red_a corneolus_n which_o be_v the_o best_a and_o most_o excellent_a of_o all_o other_o est_fw-la ruber_fw-la instar_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la but_o pellucid_a with_o its_o redness_n 2._o the_o second_o be_v of_o a_o more_o dilute_a and_o
〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d pluo_fw-la or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d imber_n because_o as_o it_o be_v suppose_v sometime_o to_o fall_v with_o thunder_n so_o likewise_o sometime_o with_o a_o shower_n of_o rain_n its_o kind_n these_o stone_n be_v diverse_o distinguish_v according_a to_o their_o colour_n some_o of_o they_o be_v find_v to_o be_v of_o a_o yellowish_a colour_n some_o of_o they_o of_o a_o greenish_a colour_n and_o some_o of_o they_o of_o a_o brownish_a colour_n anselmus_fw-la boetius_fw-la say_v that_o he_o think_v that_o the_o stone_n which_o be_v call_v ouum_fw-la anguinum_fw-la differ_v only_o in_o external_a form_n from_o brontia_n the_o lapis_fw-la bufonius_n or_o garatromo_n be_v call_v by_o these_o name_n of_o brontia_n and_o ombria_n as_o will_v appear_v by_o that_o which_o anselmus_fw-la boetius_fw-la speak_v in_o the_o chapt._n of_o the_o garatromo_n who_o i_o have_v in_o this_o particular_a observe_v as_o you_o may_v see_v by_o have_v recourse_n to_o the_o thirty_o sixth_o chapter_n of_o this_o our_o lapidary_n of_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o chelonitis_fw-la brontia_n and_o ombria_n they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v of_o like_a faculty_n with_o the_o ouum_fw-la anguinum_fw-la and_o with_o the_o lapis_fw-la bufonius_n or_o garatromo_n it_o be_v report_v of_o these_o stone_n that_o they_o be_v endue_v with_o a_o power_n and_o virtue_n of_o procure_v victory_n and_o conquest_n to_o he_o that_o wear_v they_o other_o virtue_n they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v endue_v with_o which_o be_v the_o same_o with_o those_o of_o the_o ouum_fw-la anguinum_fw-la and_o garatromo_n chap._n lxvii_o of_o the_o marble_n in_o general_n the_o stone_n that_o come_v next_o in_o glory_n to_o the_o gem_n be_v the_o marble_n who_o please_a colour_n hardness_n or_o perspicuity_n make_v they_o more_o or_o less_o esteem_v the_o marble_n be_v usual_o stone_n of_o great_a magnitude_n very_o hard_a and_o beautiful_a and_o fit_a for_o polish_n and_o engrave_v their_o excellent_a concretion_n say_v anselm_n boetius_fw-la beget_v their_o hardness_n and_o the_o equabilitie_n and_o purity_n of_o the_o matter_n or_o substance_n of_o they_o beget_v their_o excellency_n of_o form_n and_o beauty_n for_o if_o the_o matter_n be_v ignoble_a and_o various_a and_o of_o a_o impure_a earth_n the_o marble_n will_v be_v unequal_a full_a of_o scale_n and_o hard_a roughness_n and_o unfit_a to_o polish_v the_o marble_n as_o all_o other_o stone_n be_v not_o so_o hard_a at_o their_o first_o take_v out_o of_o the_o quarry_n as_o they_o afterward_o be_v these_o stone_n of_o all_o other_o stone_n common_o so_o call_v be_v for_o equability_n and_o purity_n of_o matter_n most_o excellent_a it_o be_v by_o the_o wise_a inquirer_n into_o the_o secret_n of_o nature_n suppose_v that_o various_a exhalation_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o variety_n of_o tincture_n and_o colour_n which_o be_v common_o find_v in_o the_o species_n of_o these_o stone_n of_o its_o adulteration_n it_o be_v no_o impossible_a thing_n nay_o a_o very_a easy_a thing_n to_o adulterate_a this_o stone_n and_o every_o species_n thereof_o with_o a_o fit_a matter_n bring_v together_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o that_o wherewith_o those_o china_n cup_n and_o pot_n be_v make_v which_o out_o of_o the_o eastern_a part_n be_v bring_v hither_o to_o we_o its_o name_n the_o most_o noble_a kind_n of_o marble_n cardanus_n l._n the_o lapid_a do_v reckon_v to_o be_v these_o phengiticum_n parium_n zeblicum_fw-la porphyrites_n ophites_n in_o hebrew_a the_o marble_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d shaish_n as_o 1._o chron._n 29.2_o by_o contraction_n the_o hebrew_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o esther_n 1.6_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d hoc_fw-la est_fw-la ad_fw-la orb_n vel_fw-la annulos_fw-la argenteos_fw-la &_o columnas_fw-la marmoreas_fw-la the_o marble_n by_o a_o general_a name_n be_v call_v in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v from_o their_o excellent_a beauty_n and_o splendour_n in_o latin_a from_o the_o greek_a for_o the_o same_o cause_n it_o be_v call_v marmor_fw-la in_o dutch_a marmelstein_n almost_o in_o all_o language_n it_o do_v retain_v the_o same_o name_n in_o english_a with_o a_o little_a variation_n it_o be_v call_v marble_n its_o kind_n of_o this_o stone_n there_o be_v divers_a kind_n some_o white_a some_o black_a some_o green_a some_o yellow_a some_o brown_a and_o of_o a_o ashy_a colour_n and_o some_o of_o divers_a colour_n and_o some_o very_o beautiful_o red_a of_o all_o the_o other_o kind_n the_o lapis_fw-la parius_n which_o be_v the_o white_a marble_n and_o the_o lapis_fw-la porphyrites_n which_o be_v the_o red_a marble_n be_v the_o most_o excellent_a beautiful_a and_o lovely_a every_o one_o of_o these_o kind_n of_o marble_n do_v admit_v of_o diverse_a species_n several_o denominate_v some_o from_o their_o colour_n and_o some_o from_o the_o place_n of_o their_o original_n as_o afterward_o when_o i_o do_v come_v to_o speak_v of_o marble_n in_o particular_a in_o the_o order_n of_o their_o several_a original_a species_n i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o show_v there_o be_v multiplicity_n of_o species_n of_o these_o stone_n and_o all_o of_o they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o very_o exquisite_a hardness_n and_o fit_a for_o polish_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o kind_n be_v also_o endue_v with_o much_o beauty_n and_o be_v fit_a for_o pollish_v they_o be_v make_v of_o very_o great_a ornament_n there_o be_v a_o kind_n also_o of_o this_o stone_n which_o be_v call_v marmor_fw-la sectile_fw-la lap_n cardan_n lib._n lap_n which_o say_v cardane_n be_v indeed_o a_o stone_n like_o in_o nature_n to_o the_o marble_n quip_n quòd_fw-la sectilis_fw-la sit_fw-la but_o it_o be_v of_o a_o ashy_a colour_n and_o of_o a_o incredible_a softness_n so_o that_o for_o any_o use_n it_o may_v like_o wood_n be_v easy_o part_v in_o sunder_o with_o a_o see_v some_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o obscure_a colour_n refer_v this_o to_o the_o kind_n of_o flint_n but_o not_o very_o advise_o because_o it_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o flint_n to_o be_v full_a of_o scale_n like_o those_o kind_n of_o marble_n which_o be_v call_v marmora_fw-la granulata_fw-la neither_o be_v the_o flint_n at_o any_o time_n find_v perfect_o smooth_a no_o more_o than_o be_v those_o marmora_fw-la call_v granulata_fw-la or_o squamosa_fw-la nor_o have_v they_o any_o glory_n or_o beauty_n of_o the_o marble_n nor_o be_v they_o so_o fit_a to_o be_v cut_v as_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o roughness_n ruggedness_n scalinesse_n and_o unevennesse_n 378._o cardan_n de_fw-fr lap_n l._n 7._o pag._n 378._o these_o stone_n which_o cardan_n call_v marmora_fw-la sectilia_fw-la be_v improper_o call_v marmora_fw-la or_o marble_n nor_o can_v they_o well_o and_o true_o be_v call_v silices_fw-la or_o flint_n for_o if_o we_o compare_v they_o to_o the_o marble_n we_o shall_v find_v that_o they_o do_v want_v all_o the_o glory_n and_o beauty_n which_o be_v in_o any_o of_o the_o species_n or_o kind_n of_o the_o marble_n which_o their_o glory_n and_o beauty_n do_v crown_v they_o with_o the_o name_n of_o marmor_fw-la for_o à _fw-la splendendo_fw-la &_o rutilando_fw-la the_o greek_n call_v the_o marble_n by_o the_o name_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o latin_n by_o the_o name_n of_o marmor_fw-la none_o of_o which_o resplendency_n or_o refulgencie_n be_v find_v at_o any_o time_n witness_n cardane_n in_o this_o marmor_fw-la sectile_fw-la therefore_o upon_o these_o ground_n it_o be_v that_o we_o say_v and_o affirm_v that_o this_o marmor_fw-la call_v sectile_fw-la be_v not_o a_o marble_n again_o if_o we_o do_v compare_v this_o stone_n call_v marmor_fw-la sectile_fw-la with_o the_o flint_n it_o want_v those_o squamae_fw-la which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o flint_n for_o the_o flint_n be_v seldom_o find_v without_o scale_n but_o the_o marmor_fw-la sectile_fw-la have_v no_o scale_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n say_v cardane_n loco_fw-la citato_fw-la &_o allegato_fw-la the_o marmor_fw-la sectile_fw-la be_v no_o flint_n abundance_n of_o this_o kind_n of_o marble_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o italy_n about_o venice_n of_o the_o place_n in_o general_n the_o marble_n of_o the_o best_a sort_n be_v find_v in_o the_o eastern_a country_n and_o in_o many_o part_n of_o asia_n as_o will_v appear_v in_o our_o speech_n or_o discourse_n of_o these_o stone_n in_o particular_a and_o not_o less_o excellent_a for_o glory_n and_o beauty_n hardness_n and_o ornament_n be_v those_o which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o country_n of_o europe_n as_o will_v afterward_o likewise_o appear_v in_o the_o sequel_n and_o these_o part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v not_o alone_o possess_v of_o these_o treasury_n but_o we_o shall_v likewise_o find_v they_o by_o diligent_a search_n in_o many_o part_n of_o africa_n and_o america_n of_o the_o use_n of_o marble_n in_o general_n the_o general_a use_n of_o the_o marble_n be_v very_o well_o know_v
fit_o dispose_v to_o receive_v the_o virtue_n of_o the_o agent_n or_o efficient_a for_o else_o it_o be_v impossible_a notwithstanding_o the_o concurrency_n of_o all_o other_o thing_n together_o that_o any_o natural_a effect_n shall_v universal_o follow_v this_o for_o the_o present_a as_o concern_v the_o nature_n and_o virtue_n of_o gem_n and_o precious_a stone_n in_o general_n it_o follow_v that_o we_o shall_v make_v progress_n in_o our_o inquiry_n and_o discovery_n of_o every_o gem_n and_o precious_a stone_n in_o particular_a of_o the_o division_n of_o gem_n in_o the_o former_a treatise_n we_o have_v speak_v concern_v the_o cause_n nature_n and_o effect_n of_o gem_n in_o general_n in_o what_o follow_v we_o shall_v according_a to_o anselmus_fw-la boetius_fw-la show_v how_o they_o be_v divide_v and_o how_o particular_o distinguish_v according_a to_o their_o several_a species_n the_o division_n which_o he_o make_v of_o gem_n or_o stone_n be_v this_o division_n of_o stone_n or_o gem_n stone_n or_o gem_n be_v either_o 1._o small_a or_o 2._o great_a small_a one_o be_v either_o 1._o rare_a or_o 2._o common_n the_o rare_a and_o excellent_a one_o be_v either_o 1._o hard._n or_o 2._o soft_a 1._o the_o small_a hard_a one_o be_v either_o 1._o fair._n or_o 2._o of_o a_o evil_a colour_n the_o fair_a one_o be_v either_o 1._o whole_o shadow_v as_o the_o turkey_n stone_n and_o the_o chameus_n or_o 2._o partly_o shadow_v as_o the_o sardonyx_n the_o astroite_n the_o leucosapphirus_n and_o the_o opalus_n again_o the_o fair_a one_o be_v transparent_a either_o 1._o with_o colour_n or_o 2._o without_o colour_n 1._o the_o fair_a one_o transparent_a with_o colour_n be_v the_o jacinth_n beryll_n ruby_n prassius_n rubicell_n chrysoprassus_n spinell_n granat_n amandine_n chrysolite_n ballast_n carbuncle_n saphire_n emerald_n gemma_fw-la solis_fw-la almandine_n 2._o fair_a one_o transparent_a without_o colour_n be_v diamond_n the_o small_a hard_a stone_n which_o be_v rare_a and_o precious_a though_o of_o a_o evil_a colour_n be_v these_o the_o pantarbe_n brontia_n umbria_n dracontia_n aetite_n lapis_fw-la palumbellus_fw-la chelidonius_n and_o the_o snake-stone_n or_o egg_n second_o the_o precious_a small_a rare_a and_o soft_a stone_n be_v either_o 1._o fair._n or_o 2._o of_o a_o evil_a colour_n 1._o fair_a first_o in_o colour_n as_o the_o pearl_n bezoar_n molochite_a 2._o in_o figure_n as_o the_o oculus_fw-la cati_fw-la glossopetra_n umbilicus_fw-la marinus_n lapis_n judaicus_n and_o the_o trochite_a second_o the_o small_a rare_a and_o soft_a stone_n of_o a_o evil_a colour_n be_v the_o morochthus_n and_o the_o lapis_fw-la caymaus_n enorchis_n lapis_n cevar_n lapis_fw-la manualis_fw-la lapis_fw-la renalis_n lapis_fw-la porcinus_fw-la lapis_fw-la anguium_fw-la enhydros_n callimus_n lapis_fw-la malacensis_fw-la lapis_fw-la manatus_n lapis_fw-la hystericus_fw-la lapis_fw-la tuberonum_fw-la lapis_fw-la bugolda_n and_o the_o toadstone_n the_o small_a common_a stone_n be_v either_o 1._o hard._n or_o 2._o soft_a hard_n first_o as_o the_o bristol_n diamond_n or_o the_o pseudo-diamond_n of_o hungary_n or_o soft_a second_o as_o the_o lapis_fw-la fellis_fw-la oculi_fw-la cancri_fw-la lapis_fw-la spongiae_fw-la lapis_fw-la limacis_n lapis_fw-la carpionum_fw-la and_o lapis_fw-la percae_fw-la the_o great_a stone_n be_v likewise_o 1._o either_o rare_a hard_a fair_a and_o shadow_v or_o 2._o rare_a hard_a fair_a and_o transparent_a 1._o of_o the_o first_o kind_n be_v the_o porphyrite_n heliotrope_n smaragdite_n lapis_fw-la lazuli_fw-la agate_n coral_n ophyte_n cornu_fw-la ammonis_fw-la 2._o of_o the_o other_o kind_n be_v the_o amethyst_n topaz_n and_o the_o smaragde-prassius_a which_o do_v all_o partake_v of_o tincture_n or_o colour_n and_o the_o crystal_n and_o the_o bohemian_a diamond_n which_o be_v diaphanous_a without_o colour_n again_o the_o rare_a hard_a stone_n be_v 1._o some_o of_o they_o of_o a_o evil_a colour_n as_o the_o steatite_n eneost_fw-la stalagmite_n onyx_n ceraunia_n basaltes_n smiris_n dactylus_fw-la ideus_n ossifragus_n stalactite_n lydius_n lapis_n nephriticus_n bloodstone_n geodes_n loadstone_n hephestite_n hysterapetra_n 2._o again_o of_o the_o great_a and_o rare_a stone_n some_o be_v 1._o soft_a and_o fair_a 1._o either_o in_o colour_n 2._o or_o figure_n or_o 2._o soft_a and_o evil_o colour_v in_o colour_n first_o as_o the_o specularis_fw-la alabaster_n amber_n lapis_fw-la armenus_n in_o figure_n second_o as_o amite_n and_o stellaris_fw-la those_o that_o be_v soft_a and_o evil_a colour_a be_v the_o asius_n samius_n ageratus_n melitite_n gagate_n porus_n schystus_n thyites_n amiantus_n galactites_fw-la magargenteus_n hematite_n phrygius_n calamita_n alba_n fungifer_n again_o there_o be_v common_a great_a stone_n which_o be_v 1._o either_o hard_a fair_a and_o beautiful_a or_o 2._o hard_a and_o evil_o colour_v first_o the_o hard_a fair_a and_o beautiful_a stone_n of_o magnitude_n be_v the_o marble_n second_o common_a hard_a evil_a colour_a stone_n be_v the_o whetstone_n pyrite_n the_o common_a stone_n the_o flint_n soft_a stone_n of_o magnitude_n be_v gypsum_fw-la pumeise_n lythanthrax_n talcum_n scissilis_fw-la this_o be_v the_o general_a division_n of_o gem_n and_o stone_n according_a to_o boetius_fw-la now_o of_o stone_n in_o particular_a and_o of_o their_o general_a species_n the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o lapidary_n of_o gem_n in_o particular_a of_o diaphanous_a and_o whole_a transparent_a gem_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o diamond_n description_n of_o the_o stone_n the_o true_a diamond_n be_v a_o hard_a diaphanous_a perfect_o transparent_a stone_n which_o do_v sparkle_v forth_o its_o glory_n much_o like_o the_o twinkle_n of_o a_o glorious_a star_n the_o true_a diamond_n be_v the_o hard_a of_o all_o other_o stone_n without_o colour_n like_v unto_o pure_a water_n transparent_a and_o if_o it_o have_v any_o yellowness_n or_o blackness_n it_o be_v a_o fault_n in_o it_o this_o property_n it_o have_v that_o it_o will_v snatch_v colour_n and_o apply_v it_o and_o unite_v it_o to_o itself_o and_o thus_o will_v it_o cast_v forth_o at_o a_o great_a distance_n its_o lively_a shine_a ray_n so_o that_o no_o other_o jewel_n can_v sparkle_v as_o it_o will_n by_o this_o excellent_a emission_n of_o its_o ray_n or_o beam_n or_o by_o this_o generous_a sparkle_v forth_o of_o its_o glory_n do_v the_o most_o judicious_a jeweller_n distinguish_v the_o true_a diamond_n from_o those_o of_o bastard_n kind_n of_o its_o tincture_n or_o foil_n the_o tincture_n foil_n or_o colour_n for_o a_o true_a diamond_n be_v thus_o make_v r._n pure_a mastic_n and_o a_o small_a quantity_n of_o ivory_n burn_v black_a and_o fine_o powder_v mix_v it_o according_a to_o art_n then_o distend_v a_o small_a portion_n of_o it_o and_o fit_o dispose_v of_o it_o for_o your_o foil_n or_o tincture_n of_o the_o adulteration_n of_o the_o diamond_n a_o true_a diamond_n may_v be_v adulterate_v or_o counterfeit_v with_o a_o saphire_n or_o with_o a_o oriental_a amethyst_n or_o with_o a_o topaz_n or_o with_o a_o chrysolite_n and_o by_o all_o stone_n that_o be_v hard_a and_o transparent_a and_o which_o may_v be_v deprive_v of_o colour_n the_o colour_n of_o those_o gem_n which_o be_v fit_a for_o this_o use_n may_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o fire_n be_v thus_o take_v away_o r._n calx_fw-la viva_fw-la and_o the_o file_n of_o steel_n bury_v the_o stone_n in_o they_o or_o in_o either_o of_o they_o then_o overwhelm_v they_o with_o the_o a_o fire_n at_o some_o distance_n from_o they_o that_o the_o stone_n by_o degree_n may_v grow_v hot_a then_o increase_v the_o fire_n and_o the_o colour_n will_v vanish_v jeweller_n and_o judicious_a artist_n well_o know_v in_o what_o space_n of_o time_n by_o the_o continuance_n of_o this_o great_a heat_n any_o such_o excellent_a gem_n may_v be_v deprive_v of_o all_o their_o colour_n which_o colour_n of_o the_o gemm_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o do_v conceive_v it_o be_v vanish_v by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o heat_n then_o do_v they_o extinguish_v the_o fire_n by_o degree_n till_o there_o be_v no_o more_o heat_n leave_v and_o if_o by_o this_o first_o operation_n it_o be_v not_o perfect_o deprive_v of_o all_o its_o colour_n than_o the_o same_o work_n must_v again_o be_v begin_v and_o carry_v on_o as_o before_o by_o several_a degree_n of_o heat_n and_o if_o need_v be_v it_o may_v be_v iterate_v ever_o observe_v this_o that_o as_o it_o must_v be_v heat_v by_o a_o gradual_a increase_n of_o the_o fire_n so_o likewise_o by_o a_o gradual_a decrease_n of_o the_o heat_n the_o fire_n must_v be_v extinguish_v caution_n for_o the_o over-sudden_a heat_n or_o over-sudden_a cool_n of_o the_o stone_n may_v cause_v a_o crack_n in_o it_o and_o so_o rob_v the_o stone_n of_o the_o glory_n of_o its_o beauty_n and_o value_n and_o the_o artist_n of_o his_o hope_n by_o frustrate_v he_o of_o his_o endeavour_n anselmus_fw-la boetius_fw-la say_v that_o he_o see_v a_o topaz_n in_o this_o manner_n change_v which_o be_v better_o than_o a_o other_o stone_n for_o this_o purpose_n because_o of_o its_o hardness_n and_o