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and_o be_v equal_a or_o unequal_a like_a or_o unlike_a so_o that_o first_o we_o see_v what_o be_v in_o it_o first_o than_o we_o may_v call_v it_o round_o deep_a make_v of_o horn_n then_o range_v it_o under_o a_o head_n then_o lay_v it_o out_o in_o it_o limit_n and_o then_o give_v testimony_n of_o it_o primum_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la suae_fw-la originis_fw-la this_o definition_n do_v somewhat_o stick_v in_o my_o tooth_n before_o it_o come_v out_o for_o it_o be_v a_o far_o fetch_v trope_n and_o only_o one_o be_v suae_fw-la originis_fw-la namely_o god_n but_o he_o mean_v this_o clamminesse_n or_o glue_v that_o be_v suae_fw-la originis_fw-la be_v first_o there_o the_o ortum_fw-la be_v not_o as_o the_o son_n have_v the_o nature_n of_o his_o father_n but_o be_v another_o thing_n than_o his_o father_n but_o first_o argumentum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la affectum_fw-la est_fw-la ad_fw-la arguendum_fw-la then_o artificiale_a est_fw-la affectum_fw-la ex_fw-la sese_fw-la so_z primum_fw-la be_v argumentum_fw-la artificiale_a primitus_fw-la so_o that_o we_o must_v look_v at_o the_o argument_n as_o it_o do_v argue_v not_o as_o it_o be_v suae_fw-la originis_fw-la but_o quod_fw-la originaliter_fw-la arguit_fw-la he_o mean_v that_o be_v there_o first_o as_o we_o shall_v see_v by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n as_o homo_fw-la iustus_fw-la hear_v iustitia_fw-la be_v first_o in_o homine_fw-la as_o a_o adjunct_n for_o he_o must_v first_o have_v that_o virtue_n before_o he_o can_v be_v denominate_v iustus_fw-la then_o second_o it_o be_v in_o he_o as_o he_o be_v denominate_v from_o it_o so_o a_o chest_n be_v make_v of_o wood_n here_o be_v the_o cause_n and_o effect_n and_o this_o be_v first_o then_o from_o hence_o i_o may_v say_v a_o wooden_a chest_n and_o this_o be_v second_o arise_v from_o the_o first_o quod_fw-la est_fw-la suae_fw-la originis_fw-la as_o if_o he_o shall_v have_v say_v that_o have_v this_o affection_n to_o argue_v ex_fw-la se_fw-la primitus_fw-la now_o than_o we_o may_v go_v wonderful_a deep_a if_o we_o will_v go_v by_o these_o degree_n what_o may_v we_o not_o see_v if_o we_o will_v make_v a_o brief_a argumentum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la ad_fw-la aliquid_fw-la arguendum_fw-la affectum_fw-la est_fw-la artificiale_a ex_fw-la se_fw-la primum_fw-la primitus_fw-la the_o fallacian_n be_v many_o as_o they_o that_o think_v they_o be_v coniugate_v that_o be_v in_o name_n as_o he_o have_v virtue_n ergo_fw-la he_o be_v studiosus_fw-la so_o homo_fw-la dormit_fw-la quia_fw-la somnit_fw-la here_o be_v nothing_o but_o cause_n and_o effect_n and_o so_o synonimy_n for_o coniugata_fw-la be_v nomina_fw-la so_o again_o when_o orta_fw-la be_v take_v for_o prima_fw-la or_o teach_v before_o aut_fw-la contra_fw-la so_o do_v the_o common_a logician_n in_o the_o predicable_n when_o they_o teach_v genus_fw-la species_n differentia_fw-la proprium_fw-la accidens_fw-la first_o see_v the_o orta_fw-la contain_v the_o prima_fw-la whence_o they_o arise_v symbolicè_fw-la as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o cognizance_n here_o we_o learn_v this_o we_o must_v first_o look_v at_o the_o affection_n of_o a_o argument_n than_o we_o must_v be_v ex_fw-la se_fw-la then_o primitus_fw-la now_o ortum_fw-la contain_v the_o same_o nature_n that_o primum_fw-la do_v and_o some_o say_v the_o effect_n arise_v from_o the_o cause_n and_o the_o subject_n and_o adjunct_n from_o the_o effect_n but_o do_v the_o effect_n argue_v with_o the_o affection_n of_o causa_fw-la it_o do_v not_o or_o do_v the_o subject_n or_o adjunct_n argue_v with_o the_o affection_n of_o a_o effect_n no._n estque_fw-la simplex_fw-la aut_fw-la comparatum_fw-la we_o have_v hear_v what_o the_o end_n of_o logic_n be_v and_o all_o shoot_v at_o this_o mark_n to_o reason_n well_o that_o be_v that_o we_o may_v handle_v our_o reason_n well_o now_o that_o we_o may_v do_v thus_o we_o must_v have_v invention_n first_o afterward_o judgement_n invention_n teach_v we_o to_o find_v out_o simples_n judgement_n teach_v we_o how_o to_o lay_v they_o together_o we_o may_v compare_v invention_n or_o argument_n to_o the_o hook_n and_o nail_n in_o a_o thing_n judgement_n to_o the_o fasten_n of_o they_o together_o now_o invention_n behold_v argument_n argumentum_fw-la in_o logic_n be_v a_o concrete_a as_o the_o school_n call_v it_o signify_v the_o thing_n together_o with_o the_o affection_n that_o be_v in_o it_o to_o argue_v another_o thing_n as_o a_o tailor_n be_v a_o tailor_n quatenus_fw-la he_o have_v that_o affection_n in_o he_o to_o make_v a_o garment_n so_o that_o invention_n intend_v immediate_o the_o affection_n and_o mediate_o the_o thing_n for_o ens_fw-la quatenus_fw-la ens_fw-la be_v general_a to_o ars_fw-la quatenus_fw-la ars_fw-la but_o ens_fw-la quatenus_fw-la it_o be_v affect_v ad_fw-la arguendum_fw-la so_o it_o belong_v to_o logic_n alone_o and_o thus_o we_o go_v by_o degree_n for_o the_o lord_n do_v not_o let_v we_o see_v any_o thing_n immediate_o now_o the_o very_a name_n invention_n tell_v we_o what_o we_o must_v do_v namely_o seek_v out_o it_o tell_v we_o the_o lord_n have_v hide_v thing_n secret_a in_o nature_n and_o we_o must_v labour_v for_o the_o simples_n and_o so_o find_v they_o now_o we_o seek_v argumentum_fw-la which_o we_o hear_v to_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n artificiale_a or_o inartificiale_a artificiale_a be_v that_o which_o be_v in_o artificio_fw-la rei_fw-la whereas_o the_o inartificiale_a do_v but_o carry_v to_o we_o what_o other_o man_n have_v see_v by_o the_o artificial_o and_o because_o none_o can_v testify_v of_o a_o thing_n before_o he_o have_v see_v it_o himself_o ergo_fw-la artificiale_a be_v before_o inartificiale_a and_o also_o because_o he_o that_o see_v inartificialiter_fw-la can_v but_o testify_v so_o far_o forth_o as_o he_o see_v the_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o at_o all_o ergo_fw-la they_o that_o give_v testimony_n of_o that_o thing_n who_o artificial_a argument_n they_o have_v not_o see_v be_v
distruens_fw-la be_v a_o motus_fw-la and_o a_o cause_n as_o well_o as_o opus_fw-la destructum_fw-la be_v a_o effect_n and_o privation_n though_o they_o be_v privation_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o habit_n yet_o they_o be_v effect_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o cause_n ergo_fw-la they_o be_v cause_n both_o alike_o they_o teach_v as_o if_o a_o man_n have_v do_v nothing_o when_o he_o do_v sin_n whereas_o he_o spoil_n the_o image_n of_o god_n in_o he_o ergo_fw-la whilst_o they_o be_v more_o nice_a than_o wise_a they_o become_v foolish_a if_o the_o lord_n shall_v bring_v to_o nothing_o that_o which_o he_o have_v do_v it_o will_v be_v his_o effect_n at_o least_o the_o corruption_n of_o nothing_o now_o the_o effect_n be_v double_a motus_fw-la &_o res_fw-la motu_fw-la facta_fw-la every_o thing_n be_v make_v motu_fw-la god_n only_o be_v sine_fw-la motu_fw-la and_o do_v not_o move_v when_o he_o work_v for_o else_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v primus_fw-la movens_fw-la but_o motus_fw-la but_o if_o we_o resolve_v all_o thing_n it_o must_v needs_o bring_v we_o in_o the_o end_n to_o that_o which_o be_v immovable_a for_o so_o aristotle_n find_v out_o most_o thing_n by_o motus_fw-la now_o again_o there_o be_v those_o that_o sever_v motus_fw-la and_o res_fw-la motu_fw-la facta_fw-la as_o the_o aristotelian_o which_o make_v ramus_n to_o commorari_fw-la they_o say_v something_n rest_v motu_fw-la only_o without_o a_o res_fw-la motu_fw-la facta_fw-la but_o that_o be_v not_o so_o for_o there_o be_v nothing_o that_o god_n have_v make_v which_o do_v movere_fw-la but_o there_o be_v a_o res_fw-la motu_fw-la facta_fw-la of_o that_o motus_fw-la they_o conceit_n that_o some_o art_n motion_n have_v no_o opus_fw-la post_fw-la se_fw-la relictum_fw-la as_o when_o one_o play_n on_o the_o virginal_n they_o say_v there_o be_v nothing_o leave_v behind_o answer_v what_o care_v i_o for_o that_o logic_n look_v not_o to_o that_o but_o as_o there_o be_v play_v so_o there_o be_v something_o play_v which_o be_v res_fw-la motu_fw-la facta_fw-la and_o as_o there_o be_v writing_n so_o there_o be_v something_o write_v these_o namely_o motus_fw-la and_o res_fw-la motu_fw-la facta_fw-la be_v never_o distinct_a asunder_o one_o without_o another_o but_o only_o in_o that_o the_o one_o be_v not_o the_o other_o huius_fw-la loci_fw-la sunt_fw-la laudes_fw-la &_o vituperationes_fw-la as_o if_o ramus_n shall_v say_v if_o you_o will_v commend_v a_o thing_n indeed_o let_v it_o be_v from_o the_o effect_n we_o may_v commend_v one_o from_o his_o fair_a building_n but_o that_o be_v beggarly_a as_o tully_n say_v or_o a_o woman_n for_o her_o beauty_n but_o this_o be_v childish_a for_o the_o true_a commendation_n be_v from_o the_o effect_n so_o man_n be_v here_o to_o be_v disprayse_v from_o his_o sin_n so_o the_o lord_n be_v to_o be_v praise_v from_o his_o effect_n quarum_fw-la pleni_fw-la sunt_fw-la libri_fw-la sacri_fw-la &_o prophani_fw-la why_o in_o scripture_n because_o divinity_n stand_v in_o action_n not_o in_o theory_n and_o therefore_o we_o have_v they_o so_o often_o commend_v that_o have_v do_v well_o &_o contra_fw-la aenei_fw-la 6._o facta_fw-la variorum_fw-la populorum_fw-la etc._n etc._n excudent_fw-la alii_fw-la spirantia_fw-la mollius_fw-la aera_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o roman_n be_v commend_v from_o their_o effect_n first_o regere_fw-la imperio_fw-la populos_fw-la again_o parcere_fw-la subiectis_fw-la etc._n etc._n these_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o act_n of_o other_o people_n and_o they_o be_v make_v minora_fw-la to_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o roman_n excudent_fw-la alij_fw-la spirantia_fw-la &c_n &c_n as_o the_o corinthian_n will_v carve_v you_o any_o thing_n orabunt_fw-la causas_fw-la melius_fw-la as_o the_o orator_n among_o the_o athenian_n coelique_fw-la meatus_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o the_o chaldaean_n and_o egyptian_n will_v do_v huc_fw-la dicta_fw-la scriptaque_fw-la referenda_fw-la sunt_fw-la that_o be_v dicta_fw-la and_o scripta_fw-la in_o respect_n of_o author_n but_o if_o we_o look_v at_o the_o thing_n write_v or_o speak_v so_o they_o be_v testimony_n so_o pericles_n and_o hortensius_n be_v famous_a for_o speak_v well_o demosthenes_n and_o tully_n for_o both_o ad_fw-la hunc_fw-la locum_fw-la referuntur_fw-la consilia_fw-la &_o deliberationes_fw-la etc._n etc._n counsel_n and_o deliberation_n be_v effect_n of_o they_o that_o consult_v and_o deliberate_a etiam_fw-la si_fw-la omnino_fw-la ad_fw-la exitum_fw-la perductae_fw-la non_fw-la fuerint_fw-la and_o this_o appear_v evident_o in_o that_o parmenio_n and_o philotas_n be_v put_v to_o death_n be_v suspect_v of_o conspiracy_n against_o alexander_n so_o also_o be_v lentulus_n and_o cethegus_n and_o other_o companion_n of_o catiline_n sunt_fw-la etiam_fw-la effecta_fw-la virtutum_fw-la &_o vitiorum_fw-la quid_fw-la non_fw-la ebrietas_fw-la designat_fw-la operta_fw-la recludit_fw-la etc._n etc._n now_o it_o be_v a_o common_a conceit_n that_o nothing_o be_v a_o effect_n but_o that_o which_o be_v substantial_a but_o accidental_a cause_n as_o i_o may_v call_v they_o may_v have_v accidental_a effect_n as_o drunkenness_n first_o operta_fw-la recludit_fw-la second_o in_o praelia_fw-la trudit_fw-la inermem_fw-la it_o make_v a_o man_n go_v to_o war_n leave_v his_o weapon_n behind_o he_o it_o will_v make_v a_o man_n think_v himself_o as_o good_a as_o my_o lord_n mayor_n faecundae_fw-la calices_fw-la here_o be_v cup_n for_o drink_n and_o drink_v for_o drunkenness_n quem_fw-la non_fw-la fecere_fw-la desertum_fw-la that_o be_v a_o dizzard_n he_o mean_v a_o logician_n contracta_fw-la quem_fw-la non_fw-la etc._n etc._n it_o make_v a_o man_n in_o poverty_n a_o brave_a mind_a fellow_n chap._n 10._o de_fw-fr subiecto_fw-la argumentum_fw-la modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la consentaneum_fw-la succedit_fw-la ut_fw-la subiectum_fw-la &_o adiunctum_fw-la etc._n etc._n we_o have_v hear_v of_o the_o essential_a part_n of_o a_o thing_n and_o so_o have_v see_v the_o thing_n in_o his_o essence_n and_o we_o see_v how_o logic_n do_v direct_v the_o eye_n of_o our_o reason_n to_o see_v the_o most_o inmost_a thing_n in_o it_o now_o we_o come_v to_o see_v the_o complemental_a thing_n that_o belong_v to_o a_o thing_n not_o belong_v or_o concur_v to_o the_o existere_fw-la of_o it_o so_o that_o the_o cause_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o simular_a part_n these_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o blood_n in_o the_o sinew_n etc._n etc._n to_o make_v they_o full_a and_o complemental_a modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la consentaneum_fw-la as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v the_o cause_n be_v require_v ad_fw-la esse_fw-la rei_fw-la these_o be_v but_o require_v ad_fw-la bene_fw-la esse_fw-la rei_fw-la so_o that_o the_o cause_n look_v at_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o now_o we_o come_v to_o look_v at_o the_o outside_n of_o it_o argumentum_fw-la modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la etc._n etc._n this_o be_v a_o imperfect_a transition_n contain_v only_o the_o proposition_n of_o that_o which_o follow_v modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v if_o they_o be_v there_o it_o be_v well_o notwithstanding_o if_o they_o be_v want_v it_o be_v no_o prejudice_n to_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o thing_n for_o they_o be_v but_o circumstance_n whereas_o argumenta_fw-la absolutè_fw-la consentanea_fw-la be_v pentralia_fw-la again_o argumenta_fw-la modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la consentanea_fw-la come_v after_o the_o be_v of_o the_o thing_n for_o accidens_fw-la inseparabilis_fw-la as_o homini_fw-la risus_fw-la aequo_fw-la hinnitus_fw-la be_v but_o act_n of_o the_o soul_n work_v in_o the_o body_n of_o their_o subject_n succedit_fw-la why_o because_o they_o be_v after_o those_o that_o agree_v absolute_o we_o have_v hear_v that_o the_o effect_n arise_v from_o all_o the_o cause_n and_o can_v existere_fw-la without_o they_o ergo_fw-la it_o must_v be_v a_o thing_n of_o necessity_n before_o it_o be_v subject_a or_o adjunct_n or_o before_o it_o can_v have_v a_o subject_n or_o adjunct_n for_o that_o which_o have_v adjunct_n be_v a_o subject_n &_o contra_fw-la ut_fw-la subiectum_fw-la &_o adiunctum_fw-la a_o subject_n be_v by_o nature_n before_o a_o adjunct_n and_o a_o thing_n be_v first_o a_o subject_n before_o it_o be_v a_o adjunct_n and_o there_o must_v be_v a_o thing_n subject_v to_o a_o adjunct_n before_o a_o thing_n can_v be_v adjoin_v to_o a_o subject_n again_o the_o subject_n be_v more_o general_a than_o the_o adjunct_n not_o that_o there_o be_v more_o subject_n to_o one_o adjunct_n for_o it_o be_v quite_o contrary_a for_o there_o may_v be_v twenty_o adjunct_n to_o one_o subject_n but_o i_o mean_v it_o be_v more_o in_o use_n and_o argue_v more_o strong_o than_o the_o adjunct_n do_v as_o when_o i_o say_v the_o king_n be_v there_o ergo_fw-la the_o guard_n be_v there_o be_v strong_a than_o to_o say_v the_o guard_n be_v there_o therefore_o the_o king_n and_o here_o we_o see_v as_o before_o priority_n and_o posterioritie_n now_o our_o reason_n be_v to_o behold_v thing_n according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o god_n for_o whatsoever_o we_o see_v it_o be_v first_o in_o god_n and_o when_o he_o have_v make_v a_o thing_n than_o it_o be_v a_o subject_n and_o it_o be_v capable_a of_o
consentit_fw-la cum_fw-la re_fw-la therefore_o this_o be_v clear_o in_o artificio_fw-la rei_fw-la and_o so_o be_v dissentaneum_fw-la too_o that_o consentit_fw-la hence_o we_o see_v consideration_n to_o be_v general_a between_o thing_n and_o they_o be_v make_v so_o for_o else_o they_o will_v never_o make_v up_o one_o whole_a as_o all_o creature_n make_v up_o the_o world_n for_o it_o be_v concordia_fw-la discors_fw-la and_o discordia_fw-la concor_fw-la that_o make_v all_o thing_n now_o as_o there_o be_v consention_n in_o all_o thing_n so_o also_o there_o be_v dissension_n for_o else_o all_o thing_n shall_v be_v one_o thus_o the_o lord_n make_v all_o thing_n to_o show_v forth_o his_o wisdom_n and_o mighty_a power_n that_o all_o thing_n shall_v consent_v together_o and_o yet_o be_v many_o consentaneum_fw-la est_fw-la absolute_a aut_fw-la modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la for_o some_o thing_n agree_v absolute_o other_o but_o after_o a_o sort_n absolutum_fw-la be_v absolute_o require_v for_o the_o be_v of_o the_o thing_n the_o other_o be_v but_o complemental_a so_o that_o here_o he_o tell_v we_o if_o we_o will_v see_v any_o thing_n first_o look_v what_o be_v in_o artificio_fw-la rei_fw-la then_o look_v what_o be_v primitus_fw-la there_o than_o what_o be_v absolute_a than_o what_o be_v consentanie_n than_o what_o be_v simple_o require_v to_o the_o be_v of_o the_o thing_n absolute_a that_o be_v so_o agree_v to_o the_o thing_n that_o if_o the_o one_o be_v not_o there_o the_o other_o will_v not_o be_v there_o et_fw-la contra_fw-la as_o if_o any_o one_o cause_n be_v want_v there_o will_v be_v no_o effect_n if_o there_o be_v a_o concur_v of_o all_o the_o cause_n than_o a_o effect_n if_o no_o cause_n no_o effect_n et_fw-la contra_fw-la if_o a_o effect_n then_o all_o the_o cause_n if_o no_o effect_n no_o concurrence_n of_o cause_n so_o that_o this_o absolute_a agreement_n do_v put_v a_o necessity_n of_o each_o other_o being_n now_o absolute_a and_o modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la be_v definition_n of_o themselves_o for_o he_o want_v word_n and_o therefore_o deliver_v the_o definitum_fw-la by_o the_o definitio_fw-la so_o that_o to_o ask_v a_o definition_n of_o absolute_a or_o modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la be_v as_o if_o one_o shall_v ask_v a_o definition_n of_o animal_n ratione_fw-la absolute_a ut_fw-la causa_fw-la et_fw-la effectum_fw-la the_o cause_n give_v esse_fw-la to_o the_o effect_n therefore_o without_o these_o esses_fw-la the_o thing_n can_v existere_fw-la ergo_fw-la they_o be_v absolute_o require_v in_o like_a sort_n in_o the_o existere_fw-la of_o the_o effect_n you_o may_v see_v the_o concurrence_n of_o all_o the_o esses_fw-la of_o all_o the_o cause_n therefore_o these_o be_v absolute_a consentanea_fw-la hence_o we_o learn_v that_o all_o the_o cause_n must_v go_v to_o the_o make_v up_o of_o the_o effect_n and_o again_o if_o any_o effect_n than_o there_o must_v be_v all_o the_o cause_n so_o than_o we_o see_v how_o the_o one_o being_n depend_v necessary_o upon_o the_o other_o ut_fw-la causa_fw-la et_fw-la effectum_fw-la therefore_o the_o cause_n must_v first_o be_v look_v at_o as_o if_o i_o will_v look_v at_o ens_fw-la or_o any_o thing_n whatsoever_o therefore_o our_o author_n take_v this_o course_n take_v the_o very_a way_n of_o god_n in_o his_o creature_n can_v any_o man_n see_v any_o thing_n thorough_o and_o not_o see_v the_o cause_n first_o he_o can_v and_o be_v there_o any_o thing_n to_o be_v see_v in_o a_o thing_n before_o the_o cause_n there_o be_v not_o therefore_o that_o be_v always_o first_o in_o nature_n and_o therefore_o first_o also_o in_o reason_n now_o here_o be_v fallacian_n as_o to_o think_v a_o effect_n may_v be_v from_o some_o cause_n and_o to_o think_v the_o cause_n may_v be_v remove_v from_o the_o effect_n which_o be_v a_o common_a fallace_n aristotle_n organon_n tully_n office_n etc._n etc._n here_o be_v aristotle_n and_o tully_n causality_n still_o though_o they_o be_v dead_a now_o we_o see_v how_o orderly_o we_o go_v to_o work_v if_o we_o have_v not_o do_v so_o we_o can_v not_o have_v come_v to_o causa_fw-la all_o the_o argue_v of_o they_o before_o as_o of_o artificiale_a primum_fw-la absolutum_fw-la consentaneum_fw-la simplex_fw-la be_v here_o in_o causa_fw-la and_o effectum_fw-la so_o that_o there_o be_v many_o clasp_v as_o it_o be_v as_o the_o cause_n be_v in_o artificio_fw-la of_o the_o effect_n it_o be_v also_o there_o primitus_fw-la and_o absolutè_fw-la and_o consentanie_n and_o simpliciter_fw-la so_o that_o this_o descent_n do_v very_o much_o clear_a truth_n we_o have_v our_o flesh_n blood_n bone_n from_o causa_fw-la then_o afterward_o we_o have_v our_o compliment_n from_o modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la consentanea_fw-la than_o we_o may_v see_v we_o be_v not_o this_o or_o that_o see_v a_o imperfect_a garment_n at_o the_o tailor_n and_o you_o may_v ask_v what_o it_o be_v but_o let_v the_o tailor_n make_v it_o up_o complete_a with_o all_o its_o cut_n and_o jag_n than_o you_o may_v see_v it_o yourself_o and_o need_v not_o ask_v what_o it_o be_v for_o further_a knowledge_n of_o it_o de_fw-fr efficiente_a procreante_n et_fw-la conseruante_fw-la chap._n 3._o causa_fw-la est_fw-la cvius_fw-la vi_fw-la res_fw-la est_fw-la remember_v the_o purpose_n of_o logic_n be_v to_o direct_v man_n to_o see_v the_o wisdom_n of_o god_n which_o that_o reason_n may_v do_v well_o it_o act_n double_o first_o by_o take_v at_o simples_n then_o by_o lay_v they_o together_o that_o which_o we_o take_v with_o the_o first_o eye_n be_v argumentum_fw-la that_o be_v any_o thing_n so_o far_o as_o it_o have_v the_o affection_n to_o argue_v first_o as_o it_o be_v in_o artificio_fw-la rei_fw-la which_o therefore_o be_v in_o a_o art_n now_o it_o be_v first_o there_o or_o second_o first_o it_o be_v there_o absolute_o by_o way_n of_o consention_n respect_v the_o thing_n wherein_o it_o be_v or_o dissent_v from_o the_o thing_n wherein_o it_o be_v not_o those_o that_o consent_n be_v absolute_o consent_v or_o modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la absolute_a as_o the_o cause_n and_o effect_n that_o proceed_v from_o the_o cause_n here_o we_o must_v begin_v because_o the_o first_o thing_n that_o come_v to_o man_n reason_n be_v the_o cause_n so_o if_o we_o take_v the_o world_n or_o any_o part_n thereof_o let_v we_o resolve_v it_o and_o in_o the_o end_n we_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o first_o cause_n a_o first_o efficient_a etc._n etc._n so_o god_n be_v the_o first_o cause_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o himself_o without_o all_o cause_n ergo_fw-la the_o cause_n be_v first_o of_o all_o thing_n than_o the_o first_o matter_n be_v first_o in_o his_o kind_n the_o first_o form_n in_o his_o kind_n and_o the_o first_o end_n in_o his_o kind_n so_o aristotle_n say_v god_n be_v primum_fw-la intelligibile_fw-la so_o than_o if_o we_o will_v see_v the_o wisdom_n of_o god_n in_o the_o creature_n we_o shall_v see_v the_o cause_n the_o beginner_n then_o again_o aristotle_n do_v confess_v that_o causa_fw-la be_v primum_fw-la motus_fw-la again_o what_o be_v the_o initium_fw-la of_o every_o thing_n but_o his_o be_v and_o that_o be_v from_o the_o cause_n therefore_o they_o be_v first_o again_o the_o next_o cause_n be_v the_o far_a thing_n we_o can_v go_v unto_o as_o if_o we_o work_v any_o thing_n now_o if_o we_o take_v cause_n and_o look_v into_o they_o than_o we_o make_v they_o effect_n not_o cause_n as_o if_o i_o look_v at_o the_o cause_n of_o a_o garment_n i_o find_v the_o tailor_n to_o be_v the_o cause_n but_o if_o i_o look_v at_o his_o cause_n i_o make_v he_o a_o effect_n yet_o i_o can_v make_v the_o first_o efficient_a a_o effect_n etc._n etc._n the_o greek_n call_v causa_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d peto_o because_o it_o be_v that_o which_o be_v first_o grant_v or_o require_v as_o the_o geometrician_n require_v a_o petitum_fw-la or_o as_o our_o author_n shall_v say_v there_o can_v be_v no_o demonstration_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n est_fw-la argumentum_fw-la absolutè_fw-la consentaneum_fw-la etc._n etc._n causa_fw-la est_fw-la if_o a_o cause_n be_v absolute_o require_v for_o the_o effect_n than_o there_o be_v a_o cause_n then_o again_o logic_n serve_v we_o to_o behold_v the_o wisdom_n of_o god_n and_o himself_o also_o through_o the_o creature_n now_o all_o thing_n but_o god_n be_v make_v and_o be_v compose_v ergo_fw-la they_o must_v have_v cause_n est_fw-la absolutè_fw-la consentaneum_fw-la because_o they_o be_v essential_a to_o the_o effect_n no_o shipwright_n no_o ship_n no_o wood_n no_o ship_n no_o form_n no_o effect_n no_o end_n no_o effect_n and_o all_o these_o together_o a_o effect_n et_fw-la contra_fw-la cvius_fw-la vi_fw-la res_fw-la est_fw-la first_o here_o he_o tell_v we_o of_o a_o vis_fw-la than_o he_o say_v it_o be_v vis_fw-la essendi_fw-la then_o vis_fw-la essendi_fw-la rei_fw-la so_o that_o as_o there_o be_v four_o word_n so_o four_o thing_n causa_fw-la
be_v here_o a_o concrete_a signify_v the_o thing_n cause_v as_o argumentum_fw-la be_v before_o signify_v the_o thing_n argue_v for_o our_o logic_n that_o bring_v we_o to_o the_o first_o cause_n do_v but_o show_v he_o as_o he_o argue_v not_o as_o he_o be_v in_o his_o be_v causa_fw-la be_v the_o thing_n argue_v cvius_fw-la that_o be_v est_fw-la res_fw-la causans_fw-la cvius_fw-la vi_fw-la this_o vis_fw-la and_o virtue_n be_v of_o the_o thing_n but_o logic_n look_v at_o it_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o thing_n and_o then_o at_o the_o thing_n for_o if_o the_o thing_n have_v not_o vim_o esseficandi_fw-la a_o effect_n it_o can_v not_o be_v a_o cause_n as_o wood_n will_v not_o make_v a_o gown_n so_o that_o it_o be_v here_o second_o require_v that_o the_o thing_n causans_fw-la have_v vim_o causandi_fw-la and_o against_o this_o word_n be_v that_o common_a fallacian_n of_o non_fw-la causa_fw-la pro_fw-la causa_fw-la as_o he_o that_o will_v lay_v to_o the_o charge_n of_o a_o child_n that_o which_o a_o man_n only_o can_v do_v so_o when_o we_o ascribe_v to_o nature_n that_o it_o can_v do_v as_o the_o make_n of_o a_o world_n which_o be_v peculiar_a to_o god_n est_fw-la est_fw-la esse_fw-la be_v a_o general_a term_n and_o may_v signify_v the_o essence_n of_o a_o thing_n or_o the_o tie_n of_o some_o thing_n to_o some_o thing_n that_o be_v not_o of_o the_o essence_n as_o first_o when_o i_o say_v vir_fw-la est_fw-la second_o vir_fw-la est_fw-la doctus_fw-la where_o i_o do_v not_o respect_v homo_fw-la from_o his_o cause_n but_o as_o he_o have_v this_o adjunct_n doctrina_fw-la and_o the_o reason_n why_o est_fw-la be_v so_o general_a be_v because_o this_o esse_fw-la be_v from_o the_o cause_n which_o be_v most_o general_a for_o nothing_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v this_o or_o that_o before_o it_o be_v which_o be_v from_o the_o cause_n by_o this_o vis_fw-la we_o must_v understand_v that_o power_n and_o faculty_n in_o the_o thing_n that_o cause_v another_o thing_n as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v the_o cause_n be_v affect_v to_o argue_v the_o effect_n forcible_o for_o vis_fw-la be_v here_o the_o sme_n that_o affectio_fw-la be_v in_o argumentum_fw-la esse_fw-la indeed_o be_v general_a to_o all_o the_o cause_n and_o existere_fw-la be_v from_o they_o all_o which_o appear_v by_o this_o we_o say_v mundus_fw-la est_fw-la à _fw-la deo_fw-la est_fw-la ex_fw-la nihilo_fw-la est_fw-la formata_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o that_o est_fw-fr be_v nothing_o but_o the_o act_n of_o the_o cause_n to_o make_v the_o effect_n so_o we_o shall_v see_v in_o a_o knife_n there_o be_v all_o the_o four_o cause_n to_o be_v in_o it_o and_o the_o three_o former_a for_o the_o end_n and_o therefore_o if_o we_o will_v not_o be_v deceive_v here_o see_v that_o whatsoever_o be_v de_fw-fr esse_fw-la of_o a_o thing_n that_o be_v a_o cause_n res_fw-la not_z effectum_fw-la for_o we_o have_v hear_v what_o res_fw-la est_fw-la that_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o art_n but_o if_o we_o have_v say_v effectum_fw-la it_o have_v be_v à _fw-la posteriore_fw-la for_o we_o have_v not_o the_o effect_n wrought_v again_o we_o be_v but_o yet_o in_o causa_fw-la in_o general_a by_o res_fw-la he_o mean_v res_fw-la efficienda_fw-la not_o yet_o effecta_fw-la now_o another_o fallacy_n be_v of_o non_fw-la causa_fw-la pro_fw-la causa_fw-la when_o we_o take_v that_o to_o be_v the_o cause_n which_o have_v the_o potentia_fw-la efficiendi_fw-la but_o do_v not_o efficere_fw-la but_o be_v causa_fw-la quatenus_fw-la it_o have_v a_o hand_n in_o that_o effect_n so_o that_o if_o one_o bring_v a_o cause_n that_o be_v not_o a_o cause_n though_o it_o have_v vim_o efficiendi_fw-la yet_o be_v it_o not_o causa_fw-la itaque_fw-la primus_fw-la hic_fw-la locus_fw-la fons_fw-la est_fw-la omnis_fw-la scientia_fw-la this_o be_v a_o deduction_n out_o of_o the_o first_o rule_n follow_v this_o if_o the_o thing_n be_v causae_fw-la vi_fw-la than_o this_o be_v primus_fw-la locus_fw-la inventionis_fw-la for_o it_o be_v first_o in_o the_o cause_n before_o it_o be_v in_o the_o effect_n then_o again_o it_o be_v primus_fw-la locus_fw-la in_o respect_n it_o be_v the_o first_o argument_n we_o must_v look_v at_o locus_fw-la here_o ramus_n tell_v we_o close_o that_o the_o aristotelian_o to_o pick_v place_n be_v these_o argument_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v causa_fw-la fons_n we_o know_v the_o fountain_n be_v the_o first_o place_n where_o water_n spring_v so_o all_o thing_n spring_v from_o the_o cause_n yea_o subject_n adjunct_n etc._n etc._n fons_n scientiae_fw-la for_o if_o we_o know_v the_o cause_n than_o we_o know_v the_o effect_n because_o they_o arise_v from_o they_o and_o subject_n etc._n etc._n and_o again_o that_o be_v the_o principal_a part_n of_o knowledge_n scirique_fw-la demum_fw-la creditur_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o till_o we_o know_v the_o cause_n we_o know_v but_o the_o outside_n of_o a_o thing_n and_o that_o which_o may_v be_v remove_v from_o the_o thing_n without_o destroy_v the_o thing_n but_o know_v the_o cause_n of_o a_o thing_n we_o know_v it_o as_o it_o be_v the_o thing_n be_v arise_v from_o the_o cause_n and_o thus_o know_v the_o thing_n we_o know_v it_o intus_fw-la and_o in_o cute_v here_o ramus_n do_v commorari_fw-la tell_v we_o what_o aristotle_n mean_v by_o these_o word_n and_o again_o too_o tell_v we_o that_o aristotle_n demonstration_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o scientia_fw-la of_o a_o axiom_n consist_v of_o causa_fw-la and_o effectum_fw-la and_o he_o teach_v it_o to_o every_o cause_n in_o general_a efficient_a matter_n form_n and_o end_n now_o aristotle_n say_v that_o a_o demonstration_n conclude_v the_o property_n of_o a_o subject_n by_o the_o definition_n because_o that_o lay_v forth_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o thing_n but_o it_o do_v not_o tell_v we_o all_o the_o esse_fw-la ergo_fw-la not_o all_o the_o scientia_fw-la for_o the_o esses_fw-la of_o the_o efficient_a and_o end_n do_v not_o go_v into_o a_o definition_n ut_fw-la merito_fw-la dicatur_fw-la a_o poeta_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o he_o prefer_v the_o poet_n authority_n before_o aristotle_n for_o aristotle_n be_v more_o employ_v in_o this_o doctrine_n may_v speak_v of_o it_o as_o a_o private_a man_n but_o the_o poet_n as_o a_o public_a man_n foelix_fw-la meaning_n a_o contemplative_a happiness_n not_o a_o practic_a causa_fw-la est_fw-la efficiens_fw-la &_o materia_fw-la aut_fw-la forma_fw-la &_o finis_fw-la every_o cause_n yield_v a_o esse_fw-la but_o all_o together_o make_v the_o effect_n now_o it_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n efficiens_fw-la &_o materia_fw-la aut_fw-la forma_fw-la &_o finis_fw-la for_o he_o can_v give_v it_o to_o we_o in_o two_o word_n but_o make_v a_o distinct_a axiom_n and_o couple_n the_o part_n with_o a_o conjunction_n copulative_a by_o reason_n whereof_o they_o have_v a_o community_n but_o where_o lie_v it_o this_o it_o be_v i_o may_v call_v the_o two_o first_o potential_a cause_n the_o other_o two_o act_v cause_n this_o the_o school_n tell_v we_o when_o they_o call_v materia_fw-la potentia_fw-la and_o the_o form_n actus_fw-la and_o this_o be_v ramus_n meaning_n as_o we_o shall_v see_v in_o many_o example_n as_o when_o a_o tailor_n set_v button_n on_o a_o doublet_n with_o thread_n they_o be_v not_o do_v till_o all_o the_o cause_n be_v there_o so_o a_o house_n be_v not_o a_o house_n so_o soon_o as_o it_o have_v a_o efficient_a and_o matter_n but_o when_o it_o have_v also_o a_o form_n and_o end_n now_o our_o author_n will_v not_o use_v potentia_fw-la and_o actus_fw-la first_o because_o they_o be_v barbarous_a word_n second_o they_o be_v improper_a because_o they_o can_v be_v call_v potentia_fw-la and_o actus_fw-la but_o potentiate_v and_o act_v then_o again_o the_o form_n and_o end_n be_v potentia_fw-la as_o well_o as_o efficiens_fw-la and_o materia_fw-la &_o contra_fw-la therefore_o he_o make_v two_o couple_n of_o cause_n for_o so_o we_o see_v the_o efficient_a be_v the_o first_o mover_n move_v quite_o through_o with_o the_o matter_n single_o and_o the_o form_n and_o end_n move_v they_o inseparable_o together_o therefore_o they_o be_v thus_o distinguish_v efficiens_fw-la est_fw-la motus_fw-la à _fw-la quo_fw-la in_o a_o line_n the_o matter_n ex_fw-la qua_fw-la and_o form_n per_fw-la quem_fw-la finis_fw-la ad_fw-la quem_fw-la but_o because_o there_o be_v a_o scope_n at_o matter_n therefore_o there_o be_v a_o distinction_n for_o as_o the_o efficient_a and_o end_n terminate_v the_o thing_n so_o the_o form_n and_o matter_n mediate_v the_o thing_n run_v quite_o through_o the_o same_o so_o god_n make_v a_o matter_n and_o give_v it_o a_o form_n and_o so_o a_o end_n ergo_fw-la reason_n must_v see_v they_o thus_o the_o same_o order_n there_o be_v also_o in_o god_n providence_n so_o man_n also_o do_v imitate_v god_n when_o he_o do_v any_o thing_n orderly_o the_o first_o care_n be_v for_o a_o workman_n than_o a_o matter_n than_o a_o form_n and_o then_o a_o end_n though_o we_o may_v have_v cloth_n before_o
that_o we_o can_v hardly_o find_v it_o but_o see_v as_o it_o be_v the_o shadow_n of_o it_o ergo_fw-la diverse_a have_v think_v the_o form_n of_o thing_n to_o be_v divine_a some_o have_v go_v so_o far_o as_o to_o think_v they_o to_o be_v influence_n but_o subtle_a it_o be_v indeed_o and_o hard_a to_o find_v out_o then_o either_o the_o efficient_a or_o matter_n ergo_fw-la wee_a common_o call_v that_o the_o matter_n which_o contain_v the_o form_n too_o because_o it_o be_v rather_o see_v as_o it_o have_v a_o material_a cause_n then_o as_o it_o have_v a_o formal_a ut_fw-la in_o artificiosis_n rebus_fw-la facilius_fw-la occurrit_fw-la that_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o he_o that_o make_v nature_n be_v more_o cunning_a than_o any_o man_n can_v trace_v his_o wisdom_n as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o the_o element_n ergo_fw-la no_o man_n can_v make_v a_o thing_n in_o nature_n man_n may_v further_a nature_n but_o he_o can_v make_v any_o thing_n again_o the_o part_n be_v so_o fine_a in_o the_o mixture_n of_o thing_n as_o it_o be_v beyond_o the_o acies_fw-la of_o man_n eye_n to_o see_v they_o in_o artificiosis_n rebus_fw-la facilius_fw-la occurrit_fw-la why_o because_o artificial_a thing_n be_v the_o work_n of_o man_n &_o one_o man_n may_v trace_v another_o though_o every_o man_n can_v caesar_n 7._o muri_fw-la autem_fw-la omnes_fw-la gallici_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o for_o example_n in_o artificial_a thing_n this_o very_a description_n will_v declare_v how_o hard_o a_o thing_n it_o be_v to_o find_v out_o the_o form_n but_o we_o use_v to_o point_v at_o it_o by_o the_o matter_n and_o by_o the_o position_n of_o it_o there_o stand_v great_a beam_n all_o along_o two_o foot_n asunder_o put_v into_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o distance_n between_o they_o be_v stuff_v with_o great_a stone_n when_o these_o be_v so_o fasten_v then_o there_o be_v a_o new_a order_n begin_v where_o they_o lay_v the_o beam_n against_o those_o stone_n that_o be_v lay_v before_o and_o fill_v likewise_o the_o distance_n with_o stone_n which_o be_v against_o the_o first_o lie_v of_o beam_n but_o what_o have_v he_o tell_v we_o now_o why_o say_v he_o i_o be_o a_o frenchman_n and_o i_o will_v tell_v you_o the_o form_n of_o a_o french_a wall_n where_o if_o you_o do_v but_o look_v at_o the_o form_n of_o every_o part_n and_o of_o they_o you_o shall_v see_v a_o compose_a form_n so_o that_o the_o logician_n do_v not_o look_v at_o the_o outward_a face_n of_o a_o thing_n but_o at_o the_o inward_a essence_n here_o he_o be_v fain_o to_o deliver_v the_o form_n by_o many_o other_o argument_n and_o indeed_o it_o be_v a_o description_n of_o forma_fw-la est_fw-la in_o secessu_fw-la longo_fw-la locus_fw-la insula_fw-la portum_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o he_o have_v by_o the_o position_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o haven_n tell_v we_o the_o form_n of_o it_o caput_n 8._o de_fw-fr fine_a finis_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la cvius_fw-la gratia_fw-la res_fw-la est_fw-la we_o have_v go_v through_o the_o esse_fw-la of_o a_o thing_n we_o have_v but_o hear_v of_o three_o when_o the_o four_o come_v that_o make_v up_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o thing_n namely_o finis_fw-la finis_fw-la for_o the_o name_n it_o be_v borrow_v from_o geometry_n for_o that_o that_o be_v terminus_fw-la there_o be_v here_o call_v finis_fw-la and_o it_o be_v bring_v hither_o to_o signify_v that_o final_a cause_n that_o serve_v to_o make_v up_o the_o effect_n so_o that_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d if_o we_o keep_v the_o proportion_n of_o the_o esses_fw-la but_o it_o be_v not_o the_o last_o part_n and_o member_n thereof_o as_o they_o make_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o last_o member_n of_o some_o whole_a as_o method_n be_v the_o last_o member_n of_o logic_n finis_fw-la be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o esse_fw-la of_o a_o thing_n not_o of_o the_o member_n of_o it_o now_o it_o be_v call_v finis_fw-la because_o it_o limit_n the_o thing_n for_o his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o for_o his_o essence_n and_o it_o be_v the_o last_o thing_n that_o limit_n it_o ergo_fw-la it_o be_v call_v finis_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la because_o with_o force_n thereof_o the_o thing_n be_v and_o the_o end_n though_o it_o do_v not_o enter_v into_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o effect_n by_o it_o own_o essence_n yet_o by_o it_o virtue_n it_o do_v efficere_fw-la as_o do_v the_o efficient_a cvius_fw-la gratia_fw-la therefore_o the_o final_a cause_n be_v that_o that_o grace_v the_o effect_n and_o thence_o have_v the_o thing_n his_o commendation_n cvius_fw-la gratia_fw-la for_o who_o grace_n for_o gratia_fw-la here_o signify_v not_o only_o for_o who_o sake_n but_o for_o who_o grace_n as_o if_o the_o final_a cause_n be_v that_o which_o do_v grace_v the_o effect_n and_o so_o indeed_o it_o do_v for_o as_o bonum_fw-la quo_fw-la communius_fw-la eo_fw-la melius_fw-la so_o communior_fw-la finis_fw-la have_v more_o grace_n than_o finis_fw-la specialior_fw-la for_o that_o cause_n that_o which_o be_v next_o the_o chief_a end_n be_v more_o noble_a and_o excellent_a then_o that_o which_o be_v more_o remote_a hence_o man_n be_v more_o excellent_a than_o any_o other_o creature_n because_o he_o be_v make_v immediate_o for_o god_n so_o then_o the_o end_n grace_v it_o evermore_o and_o the_o more_o excellent_a the_o end_n be_v the_o more_o excellent_a be_v that_o effect_n this_o then_o be_v the_o esse_fw-la that_o the_o final_a cause_n do_v give_v to_o the_o effect_n namely_o that_o which_o be_v good_a for_o that_o effect_n so_o that_o the_o goodness_n of_o a_o thing_n be_v that_o vis_fw-la in_o the_o effect_n that_o it_o have_v from_o the_o end_n as_o in_o a_o knife_n the_o efficient_a may_v be_v a_o slave_n the_o matter_n likewise_o naught_o the_o form_n though_o that_o be_v something_o yet_o be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o end_n neither_o the_o efficient_a matter_n or_o form_n will_v move_v ergo_fw-la the_o final_a cause_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o happiness_n of_o the_o thing_n so_o that_o a_o thing_n be_v not_o to_o be_v account_v happy_a till_o it_o be_v serviceable_a to_o that_o end_n for_o which_o it_o be_v make_v a_o garment_n well_o make_v as_o touch_v the_o skill_n of_o the_o efficient_a and_o of_o good_a stuff_n for_o the_o matter_n and_o fit_a for_o a_o garment_n &_o so_o of_o a_o good_a form_n yet_o not_o fit_v he_o for_o who_o it_o be_v make_v it_o want_v his_o end_n or_o happiness_n and_o so_o be_v not_o perfect_a again_o this_o show_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o formal_a cause_n and_o the_o end_n for_o the_o form_n may_v be_v as_o we_o see_v and_o not_o the_o end_n again_o we_o know_v there_o be_v many_o thing_n that_o have_v not_o their_o perfection_n but_o growth_n and_o yet_o have_v all_o the_o cause_n yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o end_n present_o follow_v after_o the_o form_n so_o man_n be_v make_v by_o god_n here_o god_n be_v the_o efficient_a earth_n the_o mat_n er_fw-mi reason_n the_o form_n yet_o here_o be_v not_o his_o end_n namely_o fitness_n to_o serve_v god_n and_o thus_o we_o have_v hear_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o cause_n which_o be_v the_o foundation_n whereon_o the_o effect_n be_v build_v physicis_fw-la rebus_fw-la finis_fw-la homo_fw-la propositus_fw-la est_fw-la homini_fw-la deus_fw-la of_o natural_a thing_n man_n be_v the_o end_n the_o grace_n of_o man_n be_v god_n and_o god_n make_v he_o good_a not_o as_o a_o efficient_a but_o as_o a_o end_n omnium_fw-la artium_fw-la est_fw-la aliquod_fw-la summum_fw-la bonum_fw-la &_o finis_fw-la extremus_fw-la that_o be_v that_o end_n which_o they_o reach_v unto_o but_o that_o be_v not_o the_o summum_fw-la bonum_fw-la of_o all_o thing_n for_o logicks_n end_n be_v be_v disserere_fw-la grammar_n bene_fw-la loqui_fw-la etc._n etc._n these_o be_v the_o further_a end_n of_o logic_n and_o grammar_n but_o not_o the_o further_a end_n of_o all_o they_o be_v indeed_o the_o proper_a end_n of_o they_o but_o not_o the_o summum_fw-la bonum_fw-la so_o that_o he_o mean_v by_o summum_fw-la bonum_fw-la the_o outmost_a or_o far_a end_n of_o they_o and_o the_o end_n of_o logic_n lie_v in_o the_o precept_n of_o it_o as_o they_o act_n bene_fw-la disserere_fw-la this_o be_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o end_n and_o the_o effect_n a_o house_n be_v make_v to_o dwell_v in_o though_o it_o never_o be_v dwell_v in_o so_o for_o a_o garment_n to_o be_v wear_v be_v one_o thing_n and_o to_o be_v fit_a to_o wear_v another_o so_o if_o i_o go_v forth_o to_o speak_v with_o one_o and_o he_o be_v go_v yet_o i_o obtain_v my_o end_n they_o common_o say_v he_o be_v frustrate_v of_o his_o end_n but_o not_o frustrate_v of_o finis_fw-la quatenus_fw-la finis_fw-la but_o quatenus_fw-la effectum_fw-la juno_n primo_fw-la aeneidos_n connubii_fw-la finem_fw-la assumit_n cum_fw-la aeolo_fw-la deiopeiam_fw-la pollicetur_fw-la solatii_fw-la
sick_a or_o well_o here_o the_o part_n may_v agree_v to_o other_o thing_n then_o to_o man_n answer_n true_o but_o we_o must_v understand_v it_o as_o if_o it_o be_v say_v homo_fw-la be_v either_o homo_fw-la aeger_fw-la or_o homo_fw-la sanus_fw-la now_o this_o reciprocation_n in_o a_o distribution_n be_v of_o all_o the_o part_n together_o with_o the_o whole_a distributio_fw-la est_fw-la cum_fw-la totum_fw-la in_o part_n distribuitur_fw-la have_v show_v the_o general_a affection_n he_o now_o come_v to_o tell_v what_o distribution_n be_v it_o be_v call_v distribution_n in_o the_o active_a signification_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o part_n now_o distribution_n be_v the_o categoria_fw-la and_o the_o part_n and_o the_o whole_a be_v the_o categoremata_fw-la cum_fw-la totum_fw-la in_o part_n distribuitur_fw-la here_o be_v first_o a_o totum_fw-la which_o show_v that_o it_o be_v always_o some_o common_a thing_n and_o the_o part_n be_v special_a thing_n contain_v in_o the_o whole_a so_o that_o that_o which_o be_v new_a here_o be_v common_a as_o a_o common_a cause_n a_o common_a effect_n subject_n or_o adjunct_n etc._n etc._n and_o here_o this_o common_a be_v call_v a_o totum_fw-la as_o it_o contain_v the_o part_n than_o again_o this_o distribution_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o pull_v the_o part_n in_o piece_n and_o not_o a_o join_n or_o gather_v of_o they_o together_o though_o inductio_fw-la be_v a_o inversa_fw-la distributio_fw-la but_o he_o rather_o use_v this_o word_n distributio_fw-la because_o it_o be_v more_o general_a and_o more_o in_o use_n and_o the_o argue_v from_o the_o whole_a to_o the_o part_n be_v more_o in_o use_n then_o contra_fw-la totum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la continet_fw-la part_n it_o be_v that_o which_o hold_v together_o the_o part_n continet_fw-la because_o all_o the_o part_n be_v in_o the_o whole_a as_o in_o one_o as_o be_v the_o common_a head_n wherein_o they_o be_v pars_fw-la est_fw-la quae_fw-la continetur_fw-la a_o toto_fw-la for_o the_o container_n be_v the_o totum_fw-la and_o the_o part_n the_o contain_v so_o that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o distributio_fw-la be_v but_o to_o teach_v we_o how_o to_o range_v and_o carry_v every_o thing_n to_o his_o home_n it_o be_v a_o great_a question_n among_o the_o physician_n whether_o a_o wen_n be_v a_o part_n of_o a_o man_n body_n or_o no._n answer_n it_o be_v morbus_fw-la ergo_fw-la no_o part_n it_o be_v in_o toto_fw-la but_o not_o contain_v à _fw-fr toto_fw-la for_o the_o whole_a contain_v the_o member_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o form_n if_o we_o speak_v of_o integrum_fw-la but_o the_o form_n reach_v not_o to_o this_o atque_fw-la ut_fw-la distinctio_fw-la totius_fw-la in_o part_n distributio_fw-la sic_fw-la collectio_fw-la partium_fw-la etc._n etc._n many_o logician_n have_v make_v this_o to_o belong_v to_o argumentatio_fw-la but_o they_o be_v deceive_v for_o they_o belong_v hither_o and_o it_o be_v the_o same_o to_o do_v and_o undo_v to_o divide_v the_o whole_a into_o part_n and_o to_o colligere_fw-la the_o part_n to_o make_v up_o the_o whole_a distributio_fw-la sumitur_fw-la ex_fw-la argumentis_fw-la toti_fw-la quidem_fw-la consentaneis_fw-la inter_fw-la se_fw-la autem_fw-la dissentaneis_fw-la here_o he_o show_v from_o whence_o distribution_n arise_v namely_o from_o consentany_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o part_n with_o the_o whole_a and_o also_o from_o dissentany_n either_o disparat_n or_o contrary_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o part_n between_o themselves_o itaque_fw-la tanto_fw-la accuratior_fw-la erit_fw-la quanto_fw-la partium_fw-la etc._n etc._n this_o be_v a_o deduction_n from_o that_o that_o go_v before_o for_o if_o the_o former_a be_v true_a than_o this_o also_o now_o the_o great_a dissension_n be_v of_o contrary_n and_o the_o great_a of_o all_o be_v between_o something_o and_o nothing_o ergo_fw-la to_o distribute_v into_o tricotomy_n and_o quadricotomy_n etc._n etc._n be_v to_o skip_v over_o some_o thing_n that_o shall_v be_v teach_v and_o thus_o much_o for_o distribution_n in_o general_n cap._n 26._o de_fw-fr distributione_n ex_fw-la causis_fw-la distributio_fw-la prima_fw-la est_fw-la ex_fw-la absolute_a consentancis_fw-la causis_fw-la nempe_fw-la &_o effectis_fw-la concern_v this_o doctrine_n of_o distributio_fw-la we_o have_v hear_v the_o generality_n the_o ground_n from_o whence_o a_o distribution_n do_v arise_v be_v for_o that_o the_o first_o argument_n be_v common_a as_o a_o common_a cause_n may_v be_v distribute_v by_o the_o effect_n in_o like_a sort_n a_o common_a effect_n may_v be_v distribute_v into_o special_a cause_n and_o so_o for_o the_o subject_n and_o adjunct_n so_o that_o beside_o that_o community_n there_o be_v nothing_o new_a in_o this_o second_o invention_n in_o a_o distribution_n we_o observe_v a_o whole_a and_o a_o part_n the_o whole_a contain_v the_o part_n and_o the_o part_n be_v contain_v of_o the_o whole_a ergo_fw-la if_o either_o the_o whole_a contain_v not_o all_o the_o part_n or_o all_o the_o part_n be_v not_o contain_v of_o the_o whole_a there_o will_v be_v no_o distribution_n now_o these_o argument_n do_v arise_v from_o consentany_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o whole_a but_o from_o dissentany_n inter_fw-la se_fw-la itaque_fw-la tanto_fw-la accuratior_fw-la erit_fw-la etc._n etc._n ergo_fw-la a_o distribution_n into_o a_o dicotomy_n which_o be_v of_o contrary_n be_v the_o best_a yet_o if_o it_o can_v be_v have_v we_o must_v be_v fain_o to_o make_v a_o tricotomy_n now_o we_o come_v to_o the_o species_n of_o distribution_n distributio_fw-la prima_fw-la est_fw-la ex_fw-la absolute_a consentaneis_fw-la causis_fw-la nempe_fw-la &_o effectis_fw-la a_o distribution_n be_v a_o derivative_a argument_n from_o cause_n or_o from_o modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la consentaneorum_fw-la ut_fw-la subiectorum_fw-la &_o adiunctorum_fw-la now_o the_o use_n of_o distribution_n be_v this_o that_o we_o may_v range_v every_o thing_n in_o his_o own_o order_n and_o place_n for_o when_o we_o have_v see_v a_o thing_n in_o his_o esse_fw-la and_o bene_fw-la esse_fw-la and_o then_o that_o it_o be_v not_o this_o or_o that_o and_o have_v also_o compare_v it_o with_o other_o thing_n to_o see_v whether_o it_o be_v equal_a or_o unequal_a like_a or_o unlike_a and_o likewise_o have_v give_v it_o a_o name_n in_o the_o next_o place_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o we_o set_v it_o in_o his_o rank_n for_o so_o the_o lord_n have_v range_v every_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n as_o man_n under_o his_o genus_fw-la animal_n for_o the_o lord_n have_v make_v all_o thing_n liable_a to_o our_o logic_n ergo_fw-la they_o must_v be_v range_v under_o some_o head_n that_o we_o may_v see_v how_o they_o agree_v and_o how_o they_o disagree_v distributio_fw-la prima_fw-la est_fw-la etc._n etc._n distributio_fw-la be_v double_a as_o i_o say_v before_o ex_fw-la absolute_a consentaneis_fw-la &_o modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la consentaneis_fw-la so_o that_o he_o call_v that_o distribution_n which_o arise_v from_o a_o general_a cause_n and_o a_o general_a effect_n distributio_fw-la prima_fw-la it_o be_v prima_fw-la in_o a_o double_a respect_n first_o because_o causa_fw-la and_o effectum_fw-la be_v prima_fw-la second_o as_o they_o be_v before_o subiectum_fw-la and_o adiunctum_fw-la he_o take_v distributio_fw-la here_o in_o the_o active_a signification_n and_o according_a thereunto_o must_v the_o species_n be_v prosecute_v for_o he_o do_v define_v they_o from_o the_o part_n divide_v for_o the_o notation_n of_o the_o word_n which_o give_v great_a light_n it_o come_v of_o tribuo_fw-la and_o this_fw-mi as_o if_o it_o signify_v that_o distribution_n that_o justice_n give_v it_o be_v a_o term_n belong_v to_o law_n as_o many_o of_o our_o logical_a term_n do_v and_o here_o it_o signify_v a_o sever_n of_o the_o part_n and_o a_o give_v to_o every_o part_n his_o due_n as_o when_o a_o common_a cause_n be_v distribute_v and_o then_o to_o every_o special_a effect_n his_o own_o cause_n be_v give_v so_o that_o here_o be_v nothing_o in_o this_o new_a invention_n but_o this_o distribution_n the_o rest_n be_v the_o first_o invention_n as_o when_o i_o say_v a_o man_n be_v sick_a and_o a_o man_n be_v well_o here_o be_v two_o subject_n and_o two_o adjunct_n but_o when_o i_o say_v of_o man_n some_o be_v sick_a &_o some_o be_v well_o here_o be_v a_o distribution_n now_o the_o reason_n why_o he_o join_v both_o causa_fw-la and_o effectum_fw-la together_o say_v ex_fw-la absolute_a consentanâ—is_fw-la causis_fw-la nempe_fw-la &_o effectis_fw-la be_v because_o that_o in_o a_o distribution_n as_o there_o be_v part_n so_o there_o be_v a_o whole_a distributio_fw-la be_v both_o active_a and_o passive_a though_o it_o be_v principal_o denominate_v from_o the_o part_n so_o that_o where_o the_o cause_n be_v the_o whole_a there_o the_o effect_n must_v be_v part_n distributio_fw-la ex_fw-la causis_fw-la est_fw-la quando_fw-la part_n sunt_fw-la causae_fw-la totius_fw-la so_o that_o here_o the_o effect_n be_v the_o whole_a and_o the_o cause_n be_v the_o part_n now_o he_o prosecute_v the_o doctrine_n of_o distribution_n by_o the_o part_n because_o he_o go_v according_a to_o the_o act_n of_o thing_n
and_o the_o part_n here_o constitute_v the_o whole_a again_o a_o whole_a the_o very_a name_n do_v deny_v a_o distribution_n for_o if_o it_o be_v whole_a it_o be_v not_o distribute_v but_o the_o part_n show_v a_o whole_a ergo_fw-la we_o must_v apply_v distribution_n to_o the_o part_n hence_o distributio_fw-la ex_fw-la causis_fw-la be_v not_o when_o the_o cause_n be_v a_o whole_a but_o when_o the_o cause_n be_v part_n hence_o a_o distributio_fw-la ex_fw-la integro_fw-la be_v before_o a_o distributio_fw-la ex_fw-la genere_fw-la because_o there_o the_o part_n be_v effect_n distributio_fw-la ex_fw-la causis_fw-la be_v here_o the_o first_o invention_n in_o that_o he_o say_v ex_fw-la causis_fw-la the_o second_o invention_n in_o that_o he_o say_v distributio_fw-la again_o there_o be_v the_o first_o invention_n when_o he_o say_v quando_fw-la part_n sunt_fw-la causae_fw-la the_o second_o invention_n when_o he_o say_v quando_fw-la part_n sunt_fw-la causae_fw-la totius_fw-la so_o that_o take_v the_o common_a effect_n and_o make_v it_o a_o whole_a the_o cause_n and_o make_v they_o part_n and_o this_o be_v the_o second_o invention_n hîc_fw-la distributio_fw-la integri_fw-la in_o sva_fw-la membra_fw-la praecipuè_fw-la laudatur_fw-la this_o now_o be_v a_o special_a modus_fw-la of_o distributio_fw-la ex_fw-la causis_fw-la there_o may_v be_v a_o distribution_n of_o the_o effect_n by_o the_o efficient_n by_o the_o material_n by_o the_o formall_n and_o from_o the_o end_n but_o he_o do_v not_o stay_v upon_o they_o but_o present_o come_v to_o the_o distributio_fw-la integri_fw-la in_o membra_fw-la because_o it_o be_v of_o great_a use_n and_o of_o more_o practice_n hic_fw-la that_o be_v in_o the_o distributio_fw-la ex_fw-la causis_fw-la so_o that_o membra_fw-la be_v part_n but_o all_o part_n be_v not_o membra_fw-la and_o integrum_fw-la be_v totum_fw-la but_o every_o totum_fw-la be_v not_o integrum_fw-la praecipuè_fw-la laudatur_fw-la why_o first_o because_o it_o be_v of_o so_o great_a use_n second_o because_o it_o be_v more_o secret_a the_o other_o more_o familiar_a integrum_fw-la est_fw-la totum_fw-la cvi_fw-la part_n sunt_fw-la essentiales_fw-la the_o integrum_fw-la the_o entire_a as_o we_o call_v it_o be_v totum_fw-la that_o be_v quod_fw-la continet_fw-la part_n ergo_fw-la the_o membra_fw-la must_v be_v contain_v of_o the_o integrum_fw-la give_v thereunto_o both_o portion_n of_o matter_n and_o portion_n of_o form_n hence_o nail_n and_o hair_n be_v not_o membra_fw-la of_o a_o man_n body_n because_o they_o give_v not_o a_o portion_n of_o matter_n and_o form_n to_o it_o cui_fw-la part_n sunt_fw-la essentiales_fw-la so_o than_o if_o the_o member_n be_v essential_a to_o the_o whole_a they_o give_v essence_n to_o it_o that_o be_v they_o afford_v causa_fw-la now_o essentia_fw-la stand_n principal_o in_o the_o matter_n and_o form_n ergo_fw-la he_o mean_v these_o part_n give_v matter_n and_o form_n to_o the_o whole_a membrum_fw-la est_fw-la pars_fw-la integri_fw-la therefore_o it_o be_v contain_v of_o the_o whole_a ergo_fw-la give_v essence_n but_o how_o give_v it_o essence_n thus_o which_o few_o logician_n show_v as_o for_o example_n in_o a_o man_n body_n every_o member_n have_v his_o own_o matter_n and_o form_n and_o all_o the_o member_n together_o make_v up_o a_o common_a matter_n and_o a_o common_a form_n of_o the_o whole_a so_o that_o a_o man_n be_v make_v of_o a_o soul_n and_o a_o body_n than_o the_o soul_n be_v make_v of_o matter_n &_o form_n the_o body_n also_o be_v make_v of_o organical_a part_n and_o they_o give_v matter_n and_o form_n to_o it_o then_o the_o simular_a part_n contain_v the_o matter_n and_o form_n of_o the_o organical_a and_o the_o simular_a part_n be_v make_v of_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o of_o the_o form_n of_o the_o element_n so_o that_o we_o may_v see_v the_o form_n of_o man_n body_n arise_v from_o a_o manifold_a comparison_n now_o the_o integrum_fw-la be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d hoc_fw-la aliquid_fw-la yet_o be_v it_o totum_fw-la though_o it_o be_v always_o singular_a why_o be_v integrum_fw-la before_o membrum_fw-la see_v it_o give_v essence_n to_o it_o answer_n integrum_fw-la be_v make_v of_o the_o part_n and_o be_v a_o totum_fw-la ergo_fw-la must_v go_v before_o again_o it_o be_v here_o before_o in_o this_o new_a invention_n because_o it_o do_v here_o continere_fw-la part_n ergo_fw-la be_v the_o agent_n again_o when_o we_o consider_v distributio_fw-la because_o the_o whole_a do_v distribute_v &_o the_o part_n be_v distribute_v ergo_fw-la it_o be_v requisite_a that_o we_o first_o see_v the_o whole_a hence_o it_o be_v rather_o call_v distributio_fw-la then_o inductio_fw-la because_o it_o be_v more_o frequent_a to_o dispute_v from_o the_o whole_a to_o the_o part_n then_o from_o the_o part_n to_o the_o whole_a now_o if_o integrum_fw-la be_v cvi_fw-la part_n sunt_fw-la essentiales_fw-la and_o membrum_fw-la be_v pars_fw-la integri_fw-la than_o whatsoever_o be_v true_a of_o a_o part_n be_v true_a of_o the_o whole_a not_o contra_fw-la because_o membrum_fw-la be_v essentiale_fw-la toto_fw-la non_fw-la contra_fw-la and_o by_o this_o rule_n it_o stand_v that_o christ_n suffering_n be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o he_o as_o he_o be_v whole_a christ_n both_o god_n and_o man_n then_o again_o by_o this_o rule_n we_o see_v that_o that_o which_o he_o have_v feel_v be_v head_n the_o whole_a have_v feel_v which_o if_o we_o consider_v well_o we_o may_v see_v how_o christ_n righteousness_n be_v make_v we_o because_o he_o be_v the_o head_n and_o that_o which_o the_o head_n suffer_v the_o whole_a suffer_v ergo_fw-la that_o be_v the_o whole_n that_o the_o head_n have_v do_v sic_fw-la grammatica_fw-la in_o etymologiam_fw-la &_o syntaxin_n etc._n etc._n for_o why_o grammatica_fw-la be_v the_o whole_a art_n etymology_n and_o syntax_n be_v the_o parr_n thereof_o dialectica_fw-la in_o inventionem_fw-la &_o iudicium_fw-la dividitur_fw-la kickerman_n can_v away_o with_o this_o example_n for_o say_v he_o dialectica_fw-la be_v the_o habit_n invention_n and_o judgement_n be_v art_n now_o the_o part_n must_v be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o the_o whole_a because_o they_o constitute_v the_o whole_a alas_o poor_a man_n this_o it_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o logic_n be_v the_o rule_n of_o man_n reason_n ergo_fw-la the_o rule_n must_v run_v along_o not_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o reason_n for_o that_o belong_v to_o natural_a philosophy_n but_o according_a to_o the_o act_n of_o it_o now_o by_o invention_n and_o judgement_n i_o do_v not_o mean_v the_o act_n but_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o act_n that_o teach_v i_o invenire_fw-la invenire_fw-la be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o this_o part_n of_o invention_n now_o dialectica_fw-la be_v the_o whole_a ergo_fw-la invention_n and_o judgement_n must_v consist_v of_o precept_n contain_v the_o matter_n and_o form_n of_o the_o whole_a bene_fw-la disserere_fw-la be_v the_o end_n of_o logic_n ergo_fw-la these_o two_o part_n must_v shoot_v at_o this_o mark_n then_o again_o the_o form_n of_o dialectica_fw-la bene_fw-la disserere_fw-la arise_v from_o the_o part_n so_o that_o as_o our_o author_n teach_v they_o they_o contain_v a_o portion_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o form_n of_o logic_n this_o it_o be_v logic_n look_v at_o the_o motus_fw-la of_o reason_n and_o invention_n and_o judgement_n contain_v the_o motus_fw-la ergo_fw-la they_o be_v the_o part_n haec_fw-la distributio_fw-la principalis_fw-la est_fw-la cum_fw-la rei_fw-la longioris_fw-la explicatio_fw-la suscipitur_fw-la you_o have_v hear_v what_o be_v require_v in_o a_o perfect_a definition_n of_o the_o integrum_fw-la into_o the_o member_n and_o here_o be_v many_o yea_o most_o fallace_n of_o any_o argument_n as_o if_o we_o leave_v out_o any_o part_n in_o a_o distribution_n again_o in_o distributione_n ex_fw-la integro_fw-la if_o the_o part_n do_v not_o contain_v a_o portion_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o form_n of_o the_o whole_a again_o when_o we_o distribute_v in_o grammar_n vox_fw-la est_fw-la litera_fw-la aut_fw-la syllaba_fw-la it_o be_v not_o a_o perfect_a distribution_n because_o these_o part_n be_v not_o dissentany_a inter_fw-la se_fw-la for_o a_o letter_n contain_v portion_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o form_n of_o a_o syllable_n and_o so_o be_v essential_a to_o it_o haec_fw-la distributio_fw-la principalis_fw-la est_fw-la si_fw-la rei_fw-la longioris_fw-la etc._n etc._n if_o you_o mean_v to_o make_v any_o long_a discourse_n of_o any_o thing_n divide_v it_o for_o it_o give_v great_a light_n and_o help_v to_o your_o own_o memory_n and_o to_o the_o people_n hence_o distribution_n be_v the_o chief_a thing_n in_o art_n hence_o many_o call_v their_o book_n partition_n kickerman_n call_v his_o systema_fw-la which_o belong_v to_o distributio_fw-la and_o the_o respect_n of_o a_o distribution_n be_v but_o from_o a_o part_n of_o the_o art_n ergo_fw-la his_o name_n be_v to_o straight_o ergo_fw-la remember_v this_o rule_n by_o any_o mean_n for_o it_o be_v of_o great_a use_n both_o for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o teacher_n and_o
of_o the_o learner_n virgilius_n 1_o georg._n quid_fw-la faciat_fw-la laetas_fw-la segetes_fw-la quo_fw-la sidere_fw-la terram_fw-la vertere_fw-la maecenas_n ulnusque_fw-la adiungere_fw-la vites_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o virgil_n distribute_v his_o whole_a work_n this_o be_v a_o distribution_n of_o the_o integrum_fw-la into_o the_o member_n not_o of_o the_o subject_n into_o his_o adjunct_n as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o for_o it_o be_v a_o distribution_n of_o his_o book_n first_o he_o will_v teach_v how_o to_o plough_v then_o how_o to_o set_v vine_n then_o how_o to_o order_v cattle_n then_o how_o to_o order_v bee_n cicero_n pro_fw-la mureno_n intelligo_fw-la iudices_fw-la tres_fw-la accusationis_fw-la part_n fuisse_fw-la &_o earum_fw-la unam_fw-la in_o reprehensione_n aquavitae_fw-la etc._n etc._n his_o oration_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n first_o the_o reprove_v of_o murenus_n for_o his_o life_n second_o his_o seek_v of_o honour_n last_o the_o accuse_v of_o he_o of_o ambition_n so_o preacher_n divide_v their_o speech_n not_o their_o text_n quin_fw-la etiam_fw-la aliter_fw-la tractatur_fw-la hoc_fw-la argumenti_fw-la genus_fw-la vel_fw-la à _fw-la partibus_fw-la ad_fw-la totum_fw-la vel_fw-la a_o toto_fw-la ad_fw-la part_n catullus_n quintia_n formosa_fw-la est_fw-la multis_fw-la mihi_fw-la candida_fw-la long_fw-mi recta_fw-la est_fw-la haec_fw-la ego_fw-la sic_fw-la singula_fw-la confiteor_fw-la etc._n etc._n again_o he_o show_v another_o modus_fw-la when_o we_o bring_v in_o a_o induction_n of_o the_o part_n to_o make_v up_o the_o whole_a or_o when_o we_o argue_v from_o the_o whole_a to_o prove_v all_o the_o part_n as_o quintia_n be_v fair_a to_o many_o here_o be_v the_o totum_fw-la to_o i_o she_o be_v candida_n long_fw-mi &_o recta_fw-la but_o there_o other_o thing_n want_v in_o she_o to_o make_v her_o beautiful_a namely_o venustas_fw-la &_o mica_fw-la salis_fw-la wit_n to_o make_v merry_a jest_n without_o offence_n and_o good_a carriage_n so_o here_o we_o see_v how_o he_o by_o withdraw_v a_o part_n deny_v the_o whole_a lesbian_n formosa_fw-la est_fw-la quae_fw-la cum_fw-la pulcherrima_fw-la tota_fw-la est_fw-la tum_o omnibus_fw-la una_fw-la omnes_fw-la surripuit_fw-la veneres_fw-la here_o now_o contrary_a to_o the_o other_o example_n he_o gather_v all_o the_o part_n of_o beauty_n in_o one_o and_o so_o conclude_v the_o whole_a cap._n 27._o de_fw-fr distributione_n ex_fw-la effectis_fw-la ubi_fw-la de_fw-la genere_fw-la &_o specie_fw-la distributio_fw-la ex_fw-la effectis_fw-la est_fw-la quando_fw-la part_n sunt_fw-la effecta_fw-la the_o original_n of_o a_o distribution_n be_v from_o fir_v argument_n come_v to_o have_v a_o generality_n because_o they_o be_v common_a to_o many_o distributio_fw-la ex_fw-la effectis_fw-la est_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o be_v when_o special_a cause_n may_v be_v give_v to_o one_o common_a effect_n for_o as_o integrum_fw-la though_o it_o be_v singular_a yet_o be_v it_o totum_fw-la because_o it_o be_v make_v of_o the_o portion_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o form_n of_o the_o member_n so_o here_o the_o effect_n be_v make_v of_o their_o genus_fw-la now_o he_o say_v distributio_fw-la ex_fw-la effectis_fw-la because_o it_o arise_v ex_fw-la effectis_fw-la for_o there_o be_v the_o cause_n distribute_v and_o the_o part_n distribute_v so_o that_o here_o we_o may_v see_v why_o these_o argument_n be_v right_o call_v orta_fw-la quando_fw-la part_n sunt_fw-la effecta_fw-la so_o as_o the_o whole_a do_v symbolicè_fw-la contain_n the_o cause_n so_o the_o part_n do_v symbolicè_fw-la contain_v the_o effect_n as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v effecta_fw-la we_o hear_v of_o in_o the_o first_o inventio_fw-la but_o effecta_fw-la here_o sunt_fw-la part_n this_o be_v the_o second_o invention_n god_n as_o he_o make_v all_o thing_n so_o have_v he_o range_v and_o order_v they_o one_o under_o another_o so_o that_o in_o this_o definition_n this_o be_v all_o the_o part_n be_v the_o effect_n and_o the_o cause_n be_v the_o whole_a mariner_n be_v general_a cause_n but_o they_o have_v special_a effect_n for_o some_o climb_v the_o shroud_n some_o run_v up_o and_o down_o some_o pump_n etc._n etc._n here_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o efficient_a cause_n so_o we_o may_v distribute_v from_o the_o matter_n as_o of_o wood_n be_v make_v a_o wooden_a chest_n or_o table_n or_o stool_n etc._n etc._n so_o from_o the_o form_n as_o we_o may_v from_o the_o genus_fw-la but_o this_o always_o consider_v in_o general_a that_o the_o part_n be_v part_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o that_o they_o be_v homogenie_n part_n for_o if_o we_o shall_v divide_v a_o whole_a into_o part_n and_o particle_n there_o will_v be_v no_o distribution_n as_o if_o a_o man_n body_n be_v anatomize_v because_o the_o particle_n will_v agree_v with_o the_o part_n distributio_fw-la generis_fw-la in_o species_n hic_fw-la excellit_fw-la he_o do_v here_o hasten_v to_o genus_fw-la as_o be_v the_o principal_a thing_n in_o this_o place_n and_o it_o be_v as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v that_o distribution_n which_o we_o usual_o hear_v of_o and_o which_o we_o have_v so_o often_o in_o school_n of_o genus_fw-la and_o species_n they_o be_v but_o modi_fw-la of_o a_o distribution_n ex_fw-la effectis_fw-la and_o it_o be_v true_a and_o whilst_o the_o common_a logician_n see_v not_o this_o they_o know_v not_o the_o truth_n of_o they_o nor_o their_o original_n and_o this_o make_v they_o to_o begin_v with_o genus_fw-la and_o species_n in_o their_o logic_n so_o they_o know_v they_o not_o in_o their_o cause_n but_o only_o in_o their_o second_o nature_n hic_fw-la excellit_fw-la as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v this_o be_v the_o chief_a modus_fw-la in_o this_o distribution_n genus_fw-la genus_fw-la signify_v first_o a_o stock_n or_o kindred_n now_o because_o all_o the_o species_n come_v from_o one_o root_n as_o a_o family_n come_v from_o one_o stock_n ergo_fw-la it_o be_v call_v genus_fw-la or_o as_o the_o parent_n be_v cause_n of_o their_o child_n so_o be_v genus_fw-la cause_n of_o the_o species_n so_o the_o hiraclide_n be_v they_o that_o come_v of_o hiracle_n species_n this_o signify_v in_o the_o original_a the_o countenance_n of_o a_o thing_n now_o we_o come_v to_o see_v nothing_o but_o singular_n ergo_fw-la individua_fw-la and_o species_n infimae_fw-la be_v proper_o species_n it_o come_v of_o a_o old_a verb_n specio_fw-la or_o spicio_fw-la species_n it_o be_v that_o which_o be_v look_v on_o excellit_fw-la that_o be_v of_o principal_a use_n and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n thereof_o the_o lord_n have_v range_v all_o thing_n under_o his_o own_o general_n but_o this_o kind_n of_o range_v be_v more_o general_a than_o the_o rest_n and_o the_o genus_fw-la give_v essence_n to_o the_o species_n it_o draw_v the_o species_n with_o it_o wheresoever_o it_o go_v hence_o it_o be_v that_o whersoever_o the_o genus_fw-la of_o any_o thing_n be_v teach_v there_o also_o must_v the_o species_n be_v teach_v and_o this_o be_v the_o father_n of_o predicament_n so_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o but_o be_v under_o a_o genus_fw-la but_o genus_fw-la generalissimum_fw-la genus_fw-la est_fw-la totum_fw-la partibus_fw-la essentiale_fw-la totum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la continet_fw-la part_n for_o the_o part_n we_o hear_v be_v hold_v together_o in_o the_o whole_a for_o before_o whilst_o the_o member_n do_v contribute_v every_o one_o a_o portion_n of_o matter_n and_o form_n they_o make_v up_o the_o whole_a now_o genus_fw-la be_v totum_fw-la but_o contrary_a to_o integrum_fw-la for_o there_o the_o integrum_fw-la have_v his_o whole_a matter_n and_o form_n from_o the_o member_n but_o the_o genus_fw-la comprehend_v the_o species_n in_o a_o common_a matter_n and_o in_o a_o common_a form_n totum_fw-la essentiale_fw-la by_o this_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o which_o give_v essence_n that_o be_v matter_n and_o form_n so_o that_o integrum_fw-la do_v contain_v all_o that_o the_o member_n have_v but_o the_o genus_fw-la do_v not_o contain_v all_o that_o the_o species_n have_v so_o that_o though_o all_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o genus_fw-la be_v in_o the_o species_n yet_o the_o whole_a essence_n of_o the_o species_n be_v not_o in_o the_o genus_fw-la when_o i_o say_v totum_fw-la essentiale_fw-la i_o say_v two_o thing_n first_o that_o genus_fw-la be_v a_o totum_fw-la second_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o genus_fw-la but_o be_v also_o in_o the_o species_n objection_n but_o how_o can_v it_o be_v say_v that_o genus_fw-la give_v essence_n to_o the_o species_n whereas_o they_o have_v more_o in_o they_o then_o the_o genus_fw-la answer_n to_o contain_v be_v to_o hold_v together_o now_o because_o the_o species_n agree_v in_o one_o common_a matter_n and_o a_o common_a form_n as_o in_o uno_fw-la puncto_fw-la ergo_fw-la genus_fw-la do_v contain_v they_o so_o that_o reciprocation_n here_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v so_o far_o forth_o as_o by_o their_o hypostatical_a union_n the_o species_n be_v make_v one_o in_o their_o genus_fw-la hence_o it_o be_v that_o whatsoever_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d with_o the_o genus_fw-la must_v agree_v with_o the_o species_n therefore_o
animal_n be_v not_o that_o logical_a notion_n neither_o socrates_n for_o they_o belong_v to_o natural_a philosophy_n but_o genus_fw-la be_v no_o adjunct_n attribute_v unto_o they_o so_o this_o invention_n be_v only_o of_o simple_a argument_n and_o of_o the_o simple_a consideration_n of_o they_o and_o therefore_o our_o art_n run_v along_o according_a to_o god_n order_n and_o though_o we_o can_v practise_v any_o rule_n of_o invention_n but_o by_o judgement_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o therefore_o follow_v that_o they_o be_v the_o same_o for_o it_o be_v as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v this_o homo_fw-la quae_fw-la pars_fw-la orationis_fw-la nomen_fw-la here_o be_v the_o practice_n of_o syntax_n ergo_fw-la etymology_n and_o syntax_n be_v all_o one_o inuentio_fw-la est_fw-la prima_fw-la pars_fw-la dialecticae_fw-la de_fw-la inveniendis_fw-la argumentis_fw-la we_o have_v hear_v of_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o name_n invention_n why_o it_o be_v give_v to_o the_o first_o part_n and_o that_o with_o great_a reason_n for_o we_o must_v find_v by_o much_o seek_n before_o we_o can_v see_v thing_n again_o logic_n be_v the_o first_o help_n to_o see_v god_n wisdom_n in_o his_o creature_n and_o this_o use_n of_o invention_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o thing_n it_o be_v hard_o to_o find_v therefore_o it_o be_v fit_o call_v invention_n from_o the_o act_n of_o it_o so_o again_o in_o dispute_n a_o man_n be_v same_o to_o seek_v a_o three_o argument_n to_o prove_v his_o question_n judgement_n the_o second_o part_n be_v proper_o the_o act_n of_o our_o understanding_n when_o it_o look_v at_o argument_n dispose_v therefore_o here_o it_o be_v a_o metonymy_n of_o the_o adjunct_n for_o the_o subject_n when_o it_o be_v put_v for_o dispositio_fw-la and_o again_o it_o be_v proper_o the_o dispose_n of_o argument_n together_o which_o be_v of_o axiom_n and_o syllogism_n method_n do_v not_o look_v at_o the_o dispose_n of_o argument_n but_o at_o the_o place_n of_o axiom_n so_o that_o if_o i_o will_v distribute_v dilectica_fw-la thus_o dalecticae_fw-la part_n dvae_fw-la sunt_fw-la inventio_fw-la &_o dispositio_fw-la dispositio_fw-la be_v iudicium_fw-la or_o methodus_fw-la iudicium_fw-la est_fw-la axiomaticum_fw-la or_o syllogisticum_fw-la my_o reason_n be_v these_o the_o art_n of_o reason_n be_v perform_v by_o the_o internal_a sense_n the_o best_a fancy_n invent_v best_a and_o that_o be_v perform_v by_o a_o hot_a brain_n cogitation_n serve_v judgement_n axiomaticall_a and_o syllogistical_a and_o that_o be_v dry_a and_o the_o best_a memory_n be_v a_o airy_a moist_a brain_n ergo_fw-la whilst_o i_o see_v from_o this_o reason_n in_o natural_a philosophy_n that_o axiomaticall_a and_o syllogistical_a judgement_n be_v thus_o combine_v and_o the_o other_o sever_v i_o think_v this_o art_n shall_v be_v thus_o divide_v according_a to_o their_o instrument_n as_o nature_n have_v sever_v they_o again_o our_o author_n distribute_v the_o second_o part_n into_o axioma_fw-la and_o discursus_fw-la and_o under_o discursus_fw-la he_o place_v syllogismus_fw-la and_o methodus_fw-la now_o these_o two_o can_v be_v join_v together_o for_o why_o what_o have_v method_n to_o do_v with_o syllogismus_fw-la method_n do_v not_o dispose_v syllogism_n but_o axiom_n again_o the_o use_n of_o a_o syllogism_n be_v to_o make_v clear_a that_o that_o be_v obscure_a and_o to_o manifest_a truth_n and_o the_o rule_n of_o truth_n belong_v to_o axiomaticall_a judgement_n if_o it_o be_v clear_a if_o not_o then_o to_o syllogsticall_a judgement_n but_o we_o bring_v our_o question_n after_o again_o to_o a_o axiom_n to_o see_v the_o truth_n of_o it_o ergo_fw-la these_o two_o work_n about_o one_o thing_n namely_o about_o truth_n therefore_o they_o shall_v be_v combine_v together_o so_o that_o syllogistical_a judgement_n be_v to_o make_v clear_a that_o which_o axiomaticall_a judgement_n can_v not_o yet_o the_o doctrine_n of_o axioma_fw-la be_v before_o and_o syllogistical_a judgement_n have_v for_o his_o subject_n axioma_fw-la dubium_fw-la the_o exception_n against_o this_o rule_n be_v these_o first_o kickerman_n say_v there_o be_v no_o invention_n but_o there_o be_v judgement_n withal_o that_o be_v confess_v to_o be_v true_a in_o use_n as_o in_o grammar_n the_o use_n of_o etymology_n be_v never_o without_o syntax_n but_o the_o use_n be_v one_o thing_n and_o the_o rule_v another_o there_o be_v no_o precept_n of_o invention_n that_o belong_v to_o judgement_n aut_fw-la contra_fw-la then_o he_o say_v who_o can_v invent_v but_o he_o must_v also_o judge_v for_o say_v he_o must_v not_o a_o man_n judge_v a_o cause_n before_o he_o find_v it_o this_o be_v also_o a_o fallace_n of_o use_n we_o can_v find_v a_o rule_n but_o we_o use_v both_o invention_n and_o judgement_n but_o by_o his_o argument_n there_o shall_v be_v no_o judgement_n but_o syllogistical_a then_o again_o he_o say_v invention_n be_v use_v for_o a_o three_o argument_n and_o not_o as_o ramus_n take_v it_o true_a it_o be_v the_o school_n think_v it_o only_o to_o belong_v to_o syllogism_n &_o that_o there_o be_v but_o the_o use_n of_o a_o argument_n not_o the_o doctrine_n of_o it_o but_o thus_o i_o argue_v be_v invention_n of_o a_o three_o argument_n ergo_fw-la it_o be_v of_o a_o argument_n ergo_fw-la than_o it_o belong_v not_o to_o judgement_n for_o the_o doctrine_n of_o a_o simple_a conceit_n as_o he_o call_v it_o be_v distinct_a from_o the_o doctrine_n of_o judgement_n again_o if_o it_o be_v a_o three_o argument_n there_o be_v two_o before_o ergo_fw-la there_o be_v argument_n dispose_v again_o when_o a_o three_o argument_n be_v find_v out_o do_v we_o not_o dispose_v pars_fw-la consequens_fw-la quaestionis_fw-la in_o propositione_n and_o antecedens_fw-la in_o assumptione_n and_o so_o make_v the_o proposition_n a_o axiom_n and_o likewise_o the_o assumption_n ergo_fw-la a_o argument_n be_v place_v in_o a_o axiom_n as_o well_o as_o in_o a_o syllogism_n by_o their_o own_o confession_n therefore_o we_o see_v evident_o here_o that_o the_o use_n of_o a_o argument_n be_v common_a both_o to_o syllogistical_a and_o axiomaticall_a judgement_n and_o i_o will_v ask_v whether_o causa_fw-la est_fw-la cvius_fw-la vi_fw-la res_fw-la est_fw-la when_o it_o be_v dispose_v with_o the_o effect_n be_v the_o same_o and_o have_v the_o same_o definition_n in_o a_o axiom_n that_o it_o have_v in_o a_o syllologisme_n if_o they_o say_v it_o be_v the_o same_o ergo_fw-la common_a to_o both_o ergo_fw-la the_o doctrine_n of_o causa_fw-la and_o effectum_fw-la etc._n etc._n must_v go_v before_o the_o doctrine_n of_o a_o axiom_n and_o a_o syllogism_n and_o method_n and_o must_v be_v distinct_a from_o they_o all_o for_o as_o method_n be_v distinct_a from_o axiomaticall_a and_o syllogistical_a judgement_n and_o be_v before_o they_o because_o a_o axiom_n may_v be_v without_o they_o not_o contra_fw-la so_o be_v the_o doctrine_n of_o argument_n before_o the_o doctrine_n of_o axiom_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n and_o kickerman_n confess_v as_o much_o whilst_o he_o distribute_v logic_n into_o terminus_fw-la simplex_fw-la complexus_fw-la and_o discursus_fw-la he_o say_v author_n of_o art_n be_v call_v inventor_n as_o hypocrates_n of_o medicina_fw-la aristotle_n of_o logic_n but_o do_v they_o not_o all_o judge_v they_o yes_o but_o do_v it_o therefore_o follow_v that_o invention_n and_o judgement_n be_v not_o diverse_a thing_n so_o that_o this_o distribution_n stand_v firm_a and_o sure_a and_o as_o for_o his_o conceit_n to_o have_v invention_n teach_v in_o a_o syllogism_n we_o shall_v hear_v of_o it_o when_o we_o come_v there_o for_o it_o be_v very_o silly_a now_o for_o his_o distribution_n into_o three_o part_n it_o come_v to_o one_o with_o we_o for_o his_o first_o part_n terminus_fw-la simplex_fw-la so_o much_o of_o it_o as_o be_v logic_n belong_v to_o invention_n so_o terminus_fw-la complexus_fw-la belong_v to_o axiomaticall_a judgement_n and_o discursus_fw-la to_o syllogism_n and_o he_o will_v have_v it_o belong_v to_o method_n too_o but_o first_o that_o absurdity_n be_v these_o he_o do_v not_o follow_v reason_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o logic_n deliver_v for_o conceptus_fw-la simplex_fw-la be_v proper_o the_o judgement_n of_o a_o thing_n when_o we_o see_v the_o truth_n thereof_o so_o that_o this_o be_v not_o so_o proper_a as_o invention_n now_o when_o i_o say_v inventio_fw-la i_o say_v that_o part_n that_o direct_v my_o reason_n to_o seek_v out_o thing_n secret_o wrap_v up_o in_o nature_n again_o while_o he_o make_v a_o distribution_n of_o the_o precept_n of_o logic_n by_o these_o precept_n we_o must_v understand_v the_o systema_fw-la of_o logic_n by_o a_o metonymy_n of_o the_o material_a cause_n and_o when_o he_o say_v a_o systema_fw-la of_o precept_n that_o be_v a_o far_o fetch_v trope_n again_o we_o never_o have_v more_o part_n than_o two_o in_o a_o distribution_n but_o there_o be_v some_o thing_n leave_v out_o for_o to_o admit_v of_o his_o distribution_n but_o be_v there_o not_o a_o community_n betwixt_o his_o terminus_fw-la
but_o they_o may_v see_v it_o in_o the_o general_a rule_n of_o ars_fw-la generalis_fw-la for_o as_o ens_fw-la be_v the_o subject_n of_o logic_n at_o the_o second_o hand_n so_o also_o of_o grammar_n now_o he_o prosecute_v vox_fw-la and_o say_v it_o be_v to_o be_v look_v at_o ad_fw-la modum_fw-la significationis_fw-la or_o jure_fw-la significata_fw-la or_o the_o like_a ad_fw-la modum_fw-la significationis_fw-la be_v categorematica_fw-la or_o suncategorematica_fw-la as_o homo_fw-la because_o say_v he_o it_o signify_v that_o thing_n which_o may_v be_v a_o argument_n why_o homo_fw-la do_v not_o signify_v a_o argument_n it_o belong_v to_o natural_a philosophy_n and_o the_o argument_n be_v but_o a_o affection_n to_o the_o thing_n that_o homo_fw-la signify_v but_o what_o reason_n be_v there_o that_o homo_fw-la shall_v come_v into_o logic_n because_o it_o name_v the_o thing_n that_o be_v categorematica_fw-la it_o be_v fallacia_fw-la accidentis_fw-la that_o meat_n you_o buy_v on_o saturday_n you_o do_v eat_v on_o sunday_n but_o it_o be_v raw_a meat_n you_o buy_v on_o saturday_n ergo_fw-la but_o for_o vox_fw-la therefore_o it_o come_v not_o into_o logic_n only_o there_o be_v coniugata_fw-la and_o notatio_fw-la which_o belong_v to_o logic_n not_o because_o they_o signify_v thing_n for_o there_o be_v not_o in_o they_o any_o respect_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o the_o name_n but_o in_o coniugate_v how_o one_o name_n be_v derive_v from_o another_o and_o in_o notation_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o name_n from_o some_o argument_n then_o he_o say_v vox_fw-la categorematica_fw-la be_v primae_fw-la or_o secundae_fw-la intentionis_fw-la which_o he_o know_v not_o how_o to_o utter_v but_o by_o certain_a comparison_n as_o of_o a_o dial_n the_o style_n be_v prima_fw-la intentionis_fw-la and_o the_o shadow_n secundae_fw-la but_o this_o vox_fw-la primae_fw-la intentionis_fw-la be_v the_o word_n that_o name_v the_o thing_n vox_fw-la secundae_fw-la be_v the_o word_n of_o art_n now_o true_a it_o be_v this_o distribution_n be_v a_o old_a say_v see_v but_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n it_o be_v the_o same_o fallace_n ab_fw-la accident_n homo_fw-la and_o genus_fw-la do_v not_o signify_v the_o same_o thing_n homo_fw-la be_v primae_fw-la intentionis_fw-la at_o the_o first_o hand_n genus_fw-la of_o the_o second_o but_o genus_fw-la do_v not_o signify_v the_o same_o that_o homo_fw-la do_v again_o genus_fw-la have_v his_o proper_a signification_n as_o well_o as_o homo_fw-la that_o appear_v thus_o because_o it_o have_v a_o distinct_a definition_n from_o homo_fw-la therefore_o they_o be_v distinct_a re_fw-mi so_o that_o genus_fw-la be_v primae_fw-la intentionis_fw-la to_o the_o thing_n it_o name_n as_o homo_fw-la be_v primae_fw-la to_o that_o thing_n it_o name_n again_o be_v there_o not_o term_n of_o art_n as_o well_o in_o grammar_n etc._n etc._n as_o in_o logic_n why_o then_o do_v he_o bring_v it_o in_o here_o as_o homo_fw-la est_fw-la nomen_fw-la here_o nomen_fw-la be_v the_o name_n of_o the_o thing_n not_o the_o thing_n itself_o ergo_fw-la homo_fw-la and_o nomen_fw-la be_v not_o voces_fw-la primae_fw-la &_o secundae_fw-la intentionis_fw-la for_o they_o be_v diverse_a thing_n so_o argumentum_fw-la be_v concretum_fw-la that_o be_v it_o be_v evermore_o with_o the_o thing_n not_o that_o it_o be_v the_o thing_n as_o homo_fw-la be_v argumentum_fw-la and_o it_o do_v arguere_fw-la which_o be_v a_o adjunct_n to_o the_o thing_n for_o so_o every_o logical_a notion_n be_v a_o adjunct_n to_o the_o thing_n itself_o but_o here_o it_o be_v because_o we_o can_v sever_v the_o logical_a notion_n from_o the_o thing_n because_o it_o be_v never_o but_o in_o re_fw-mi that_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o argumentum_fw-la be_v always_o in_o the_o concrete_a whereas_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d may_v be_v sever_v from_o the_o thing_n but_o this_o rule_n bid_v we_o only_o find_v but_o tell_v we_o not_o what_o as_o yet_o so_o that_o it_o run_v most_o orderly_o we_o have_v hear_v the_o first_o part_n of_o logic_n to_o be_v call_v invention_n in_o respect_n we_o be_v set_v to_o seek_v out_o the_o simples_n in_o the_o work_n of_o god_n de_fw-fr inveniendis_fw-la argumentis_fw-la because_o there_o be_v never_o a_o rule_n here_o but_o it_o be_v a_o bloodhound_n to_o find_v a_o dear_a again_o we_o hear_v it_o be_v a_o argument_n that_o be_v to_o be_v hunt_v not_o the_o thing_n but_o the_o argument_n the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o thing_n for_o the_o thing_n do_v not_o belong_v to_o logic_n but_o to_o every_o art_n and_o logic_n do_v look_v at_o the_o thing_n by_o the_o logismos_fw-la as_o the_o outward_a eye_n behold_v body_n by_o light_n and_o colour_n and_o this_o be_v call_v argumentum_fw-la a_o concrete_a because_o logic_n be_v never_o sever_v from_o the_o thing_n nor_o the_o thing_n from_o logic_n for_o we_o can_v see_v the_o thing_n but_o by_o reason_n therefore_o because_o these_o be_v inseparable_o together_o for_o that_o cause_n the_o subject_n of_o invention_n be_v argumentum_fw-la so_o that_o in_o argumentum_fw-la we_o be_v to_o consider_v two_o thing_n first_o the_o thing_n as_o it_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o art_n in_o genere_fw-la and_o of_o the_o general_a art_n and_o then_o that_o same_o birdlime_n that_o be_v in_o the_o thing_n whereby_o it_o may_v cleave_v to_o another_o thing_n which_o birdlime_n be_v the_o logical_a notion_n as_o when_o i_o say_v a_o chest_n be_v make_v of_o wood_n in_o greek_a they_o have_v two_o name_n for_o it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o argue_v the_o abstract_n as_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o argument_n but_o our_o author_n rather_o keep_v the_o concrete_a because_o it_o be_v always_o with_o the_o thing_n and_o can_v be_v sever_v from_o it_o then_o the_o subject_n of_o invention_n be_v ens_fw-la at_o the_o first_o hand_n but_o argumentum_fw-la at_o the_o second_o the_o term_n argumentum_fw-la as_o we_o hear_v be_v from_o law_n as_o the_o greek_a name_n also_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v concione_fw-la concionare_fw-la and_o thus_o we_o see_v how_o far_o logic_n rule_n reach_v and_o this_o same_o argumentum_fw-la be_v use_v at_o the_o first_o for_o that_o which_o we_o call_v praedicatum_fw-la a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o barbarous_a word_n make_v first_o by_o boetius_fw-la but_o it_o be_v more_o general_a as_o we_o may_v see_v by_o the_o three_o argument_n in_o a_o syllogism_n which_o may_v be_v a_o antecedent_n in_o the_o proposition_n or_o assumption_n as_o well_o as_o the_o consequent_a kickerman_n say_v vox_fw-la be_v the_o subject_n of_o this_o first_o part_n and_o he_o have_v many_o distinction_n of_o it_o as_o it_o be_v abstracta_fw-la or_o concreta_fw-la this_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o distribution_n of_o nomen_fw-la into_o substantiwm_fw-la and_o adiectiwm_fw-la quatenus_fw-la voces_fw-la and_o therefore_o the_o old_a grammarian_n do_v so_o teach_v it_o if_o they_o look_v at_o the_o thing_n they_o belong_v to_o coniugate_v in_o logic_n and_o there_o we_o shall_v see_v they_o to_o signify_v the_o same_o thing_n one_o absolute_o the_o other_o as_o it_o have_v respect_n to_o another_o and_o they_o be_v there_o not_o quatenus_fw-la they_o be_v word_n nor_o quatenus_fw-la they_o signify_v if_o we_o go_v no_o far_o but_o quatenus_fw-la they_o contain_v symbolize_v the_o nature_n of_o first_o argument_n again_o he_o say_v vox_fw-la be_v univoca_fw-la or_o aequivoca_fw-la alas_o there_o be_v vox_fw-la univoca_fw-la in_o the_o world_n as_o homo_fw-la his_o example_n be_v vox_fw-la aequivoca_fw-la if_o we_o call_v a_o paint_a man_n a_o man_n as_o we_o may_v call_v tropical_o but_o this_o belong_v to_o a_o distribution_n and_o be_v but_o a_o example_n thereof_o not_o a_o rule_n as_o canis_fw-la be_v sidus_fw-la or_o animal_n terrestre_fw-fr or_o marinum_fw-la be_v a_o distribution_n ex_fw-la adiunctis_fw-la so_o that_o to_o make_v a_o precept_n of_o a_o example_n be_v great_a confusion_n and_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o thing_n will_v take_v away_o the_o ambiguity_n of_o the_o word_n more_o distinction_n he_o have_v which_o all_o be_v nothing_o but_o several_a sort_n of_o aequivocation_n as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v there_o may_v be_v aequivocation_n of_o grammar_n and_o there_o may_v be_v aequivocation_n in_o rhetoric_n etc._n etc._n he_o tell_v we_o further_o that_o a_o word_n must_v be_v certa_fw-la absoluta_fw-la etc._n etc._n what_o have_v logic_n to_o do_v with_o this_o let_v grammar_n look_v to_o that_o for_o it_o break_v the_o definition_n of_o vox_fw-la est_fw-la nota_fw-la qua_fw-la etc._n etc._n if_o it_o name_v not_o the_o thing_n fit_o as_o if_o vox_fw-la shall_v say_v vox_fw-la est_fw-la vota_fw-la qua_fw-la unumquodque_fw-la voco_fw-la will_v you_o call_v a_o man_n a_o spade_n than_o he_o bring_v in_o predicament_n and_o praedicables_n the_o world_n of_o logician_n do_v imagine_v that_o architas_n tarentinus_n be_v the_o first_o inventor_n of_o they_o and_o teach_v they_o to_o
a_o general_a art_n so_o thus_o here_o we_o see_v argumentum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la which_o be_v as_o large_a as_o aliquid_fw-la quod_fw-la affectum_fw-la est_fw-la we_o know_v this_o be_v a_o borrow_a word_n affection_n be_v a_o disposition_n natural_a as_o the_o eye_n be_v affect_v to_o see_v but_o that_o we_o may_v see_v it_o the_o better_a we_o will_v dig_v deep_o there_o be_v a_o efficient_a work_n than_o his_o work_n which_o be_v effectio_fw-la which_o as_o it_o be_v about_o it_o so_o it_o be_v affectum_fw-la ad_fw-la effectum_fw-la as_o if_o my_o hand_n be_v wound_v with_o a_o sword_n there_o be_v first_o a_o efficient_a then_o there_o be_v wound_v which_o be_v effectio_fw-la then_o there_o be_v a_o wound_n which_o be_v effectum_fw-la than_o my_o hand_n be_v the_o affectum_fw-la to_o be_v wound_v so_o that_o affectus_fw-la be_v nothing_o but_o a_o nature_n in_o that_o thing_n by_o which_o nature_n can_v perform_v that_o action_n so_o argumentum_fw-la be_v affectum_fw-la as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v that_o that_o be_v make_v or_o factus_fw-la ad_fw-la or_o effect_v to_o another_o thing_n or_o which_o have_v this_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o it_o to_o work_v with_o another_o thing_n why_o affectum_fw-la it_o be_v a_o property_n of_o a_o argument_n as_o homo_fw-la est_fw-la risibilis_fw-la when_o he_o do_v not_o ridere_fw-la so_o that_o he_o define_v argumentum_fw-la in_o invention_n from_o that_o power_n or_o faculty_n for_o as_o a_o man_n may_v have_v a_o affection_n to_o that_o thing_n he_o never_o do_v so_o a_o argument_n may_v have_v a_o affection_n to_o argue_v when_o it_o act_v not_o so_o that_o he_o teach_v from_o that_o disposition_n of_o it_o to_o act_v so_o that_o he_o deliver_v it_o not_o from_o his_o act_n for_o that_o be_v but_o the_o use_n of_o it_o but_o from_o its_o true_a nature_n as_o the_o common_a logician_n call_v it_o praedicabile_fw-la that_o which_o may_v predicate_v and_o say_v it_o be_v not_o a_o argument_n till_o it_o be_v dispose_v but_o this_o be_v accidental_a to_o argmentum_fw-la then_o in_o a_o axiom_n they_o call_v it_o praedicatum_fw-la actu_fw-la which_o also_o be_v accidental_a to_o a_o axiom_n for_o it_o may_v be_v subiectum_fw-la as_o well_o and_o both_o be_v accidental_a ad_fw-la arguendum_fw-la why_o ad_fw-la arguendum_fw-la because_o the_o end_n of_o a_o argument_n be_v to_o argue_v to_o play_v the_o argument_n as_o the_o eye_n to_o see_v ad_fw-la arguendum_fw-la because_o evermore_o when_o we_o fetch_v a_o argument_n to_o show_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v the_o arguens_fw-la and_o do_v agere_fw-la the_o aliquid_fw-la be_v also_o a_o argument_n but_o it_o do_v pati_fw-la so_o that_o as_o quoth_v be_v general_a that_o be_v arguens_fw-la or_o do_v argue_v so_o it_o tell_v i_o that_o any_o thing_n may_v be_v argue_v so_o homo_fw-la est_fw-la aliquid_fw-la here_o homo_fw-la be_v the_o aliquid_fw-la and_o be_v argue_v by_o his_o genus_fw-la which_o charge_v homo_fw-la therefore_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o world_n but_o be_v a_o argument_n and_o may_v argue_v or_o be_v argue_v but_o remember_v that_o both_o quod_fw-la &_o the_o aliquid_fw-la that_o be_v both_o the_o arguens_fw-la and_o argutum_fw-la do_v arguere_fw-la but_o the_o one_o first_o the_o other_o second_o the_o one_o do_v agere_fw-la the_o other_o do_v pati_fw-la and_o so_o reagere_fw-la the_o aliquid_fw-la tell_v i_o it_o be_v the_o first_o &_o then_o quod_fw-la come_v and_o argue_v it_o now_o will_v you_o argue_v than_o evermore_o look_v first_o and_o that_o careful_o whether_o your_o quod_fw-la will_v argue_v your_o aliquid_fw-la as_o will_v you_o build_v a_o house_n with_o sand_n that_o will_v not_o serve_v the_o turn_n for_o it_o be_v not_o affectum_fw-la to_o it_o neither_o have_v it_o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o it_o so_o that_o by_o any_o mean_n let_v we_o keep_v close_o to_o our_o rule_n and_o we_o shall_v not_o do_v wrong_a the_o fallacian_n of_o the_o common_a logician_n of_o coxismus_n or_o petitio_fw-la principij_fw-la or_o cuculi_fw-la cantus_fw-la for_o they_o be_v all_o one_o as_o the_o cuckoo_n cry_v cuckoo_n the_o cuckoo_n be_v cuckoo_n ergo_fw-la the_o cuckoo_n cry_v cuckoo_n for_o here_o be_v no_o three_o argument_n and_o this_o be_v common_o the_o woman_n reason_n because_o it_o have_v so_o little_a reason_n in_o it_o as_o they_o will_v say_v it_o be_v so_o because_o it_o be_v so_o so_o that_o simplex_fw-la conuersio_fw-la among_o logician_n be_v a_o breach_n of_o this_o rule_n as_o omnis_fw-la homo_fw-la est_fw-la animal_n ergo_fw-la aliquod_fw-la animal_n est_fw-la homo_fw-la other_o logician_n as_o polanus_fw-la call_v argumentum_fw-la thema_fw-la which_o be_v too_o special_a for_o thema_fw-la be_v take_v among_o school_n for_o a_o question_n to_o be_v judge_v by_o way_n of_o oration_n again_o every_o argument_n be_v not_o take_v as_o thema_fw-la than_o he_o say_v thema_fw-la est_fw-la simplex_fw-la which_o be_v argumentum_fw-la or_o compositum_fw-la which_o be_v quaestio_fw-la and_o thus_o we_o see_v how_o our_o logic_n go_v most_o orderly_o and_o that_o it_o look_v at_o ens_fw-la as_o it_o be_v simmont_v with_o another_o thing_n quales_fw-la sunt_fw-la singulae_fw-la rationes_fw-la solae_fw-la et_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la consideratae_fw-la we_o have_v hear_v what_o argumentum_fw-la be_v and_o the_o first_o thing_n that_o we_o be_v to_o look_v at_o in_o simples_n be_v this_o the_o glue_n to_o be_v affection_a as_o if_o we_o will_v look_v for_o a_o cause_n see_v whether_o it_o be_v affect_v to_o be_v so_o we_o have_v hear_v the_o sallacian_n in_o part_n before_o as_o first_o where_o there_o be_v no_o argument_n but_o petitio_fw-la principij_fw-la and_o that_o either_o where_o there_o be_v no_o petitio_fw-la at_o all_o or_o where_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v utter_v in_o a_o synonymie_n or_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n again_o it_o be_v a_o breach_n of_o this_o rule_n when_o that_o be_v bring_v for_o a_o argument_n which_o be_v no_o argument_n as_o baculus_fw-la stat_fw-la in_o angulo_fw-la or_o when_o the_o three_o argument_n be_v more_o obscure_a and_o doubtful_a than_o the_o argument_n of_o the_o question_n these_o and_o all_o other_o petitiones_fw-la principij_fw-la be_v breach_n of_o this_o rule_n in_o general_a and_o not_o of_o any_o special_a one_o again_o it_o be_v a_o breach_n of_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o argument_n when_o we_o mistake_v the_o aliquid_fw-la though_o the_o argument_n be_v good_a and_o so_o that_o heterozetesis_n be_v a_o fallace_n of_o argumentum_fw-la in_o genere_fw-la as_o when_o i_o talk_v of_o chalk_n he_o talk_v of_o cheese_n now_o we_o come_v to_o the_o commoration_n after_o argumentum_fw-la quales_fw-la sunt_fw-la singulae_fw-la rationes_fw-la solae_fw-la etc._n etc._n he_o have_v define_v argumentum_fw-la from_o that_o affection_n that_o be_v continual_o in_o it_o for_o the_o act_n be_v accidental_a and_o may_v be_v want_v for_o potentia_fw-la as_o we_o hear_v in_o nature_n arise_v from_o the_o act_n of_o the_o form_n upon_o the_o matter_n now_o he_o say_v singulae_fw-la that_o be_v argument_n by_o argument_n the_o cause_n alone_o the_o effect_n alone_o and_o so_o all_o the_o argument_n from_o the_o begin_n to_o the_o end_n he_o say_v rationes_fw-la rather_o then_o argumenta_fw-la first_o because_o there_o be_v a_o equivocation_n in_o that_o word_n many_o have_v think_v it_o to_o belong_v to_o a_o syllogism_n only_o and_o so_o when_o we_o say_v i_o deny_v your_o reason_n there_o it_o be_v take_v for_o a_o axiom_n now_o it_o be_v take_v sometime_o for_o the_o faculty_n of_o reason_n sometime_o for_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o thing_n here_o he_o show_v that_o it_o be_v take_v for_o the_o same_o with_o argumentum_fw-la solae_fw-la that_o be_v as_o they_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v in_o invention_n without_o judgement_n and_o that_o he_o explain_v further_o per_fw-la se_fw-la that_o be_v they_o be_v in_o their_o definition_n not_o 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a_o tailor_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o a_o matter_n till_o it_o begin_v with_o the_o tailor_n to_o bring_v a_o effect_n to_o pass_v so_o then_o the_o efficient_a be_v in_o nature_n before_o the_o matter_n and_o the_o matter_n before_o the_o form_n for_o the_o form_n be_v a_o adjunct_n to_o the_o matter_n and_o the_o form_n before_o the_o end_n the_o end_n be_v a_o adjunct_n to_o the_o form_n and_o again_o a_o thing_n must_v be_v form_v before_o it_o can_v have_v a_o end_n the_o first_o efficient_a have_v the_o first_o matter_n and_o form_n effect_v to_o he_o the_o second_o form_n be_v adjunct_n to_o the_o matter_n now_o the_o first_o efficient_a be_v absolute_o first_o for_o it_o have_v nothing_o before_o it_o the_o first_o matter_n be_v not_o res_fw-la prima_fw-la nor_o causa_fw-la prima_fw-la but_o first_o for_o matter_n ergo_fw-la it_o be_v from_o the_o first_o efficient_a only_o ergo_fw-la never_n have_v any_o existency_n in_o the_o world_n but_o be_v ens_fw-la incompletum_fw-la so_o the_o first_o form_n be_v from_o the_o first_o efficient_a not_o of_o the_o first_o matter_n but_o only_o in_o it_o ergo_fw-la it_o be_v ens_fw-la also_o incompletum_fw-la hence_o our_o soul_n be_v not_o our_o form_n for_o then_o our_o form_n shall_v be_v res_fw-la incompletae_fw-la now_o the_o end_n be_v last_o and_o the_o first_o end_n be_v the_o last_o end_n it_o be_v first_o because_o it_o be_v most_o general_a last_o because_o it_o be_v not_o make_v for_o another_o end_n ergo_fw-la it_o follow_v of_o necessity_n that_o the_o last_o end_n be_v not_o make_v so_o that_o the_o end_n as_o it_o be_v last_o as_o the_o thing_n be_v act_v so_o it_o be_v first_o as_o it_o be_v most_o general_a for_o all_o the_o the_o former_a cause_n work_v to_o effect_v the_o end_n as_o we_o say_v in_o school_n finis_fw-la est_fw-la primus_fw-la in_o intention_n posterius_fw-la in_o executione_fw-la so_o god_n make_v all_o thing_n for_o his_o glory_n here_o his_o glory_n be_v first_o in_o intention_n of_o he_o that_o work_v by_o counsel_n but_o be_v act_v last_o of_o all_o by_o all_o thing_n that_o he_o make_v and_o here_o aristotle_n bonum_fw-la quo_fw-la communius_fw-la eo_fw-la melius_fw-la be_v true_a of_o the_o last_o end_n of_o all_o thing_n which_o be_v god_n for_o he_o be_v as_o we_o may_v say_v finis_fw-la communissimus_a ergo_fw-la optimus_fw-la efficiens_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la à _fw-la qua_fw-la res_fw-la est_fw-la we_o have_v hear_v of_o causa_fw-la and_o of_o his_o kind_n and_o that_o they_o be_v disjoin_v by_o which_o mean_v there_o be_v make_v two_o couple_n of_o cause_n the_o two_o first_o work_v joint_o even_o be_v the_o other_o do_v efficiens_fw-la &_o materia_fw-la here_o be_v a_o second_o distribution_n and_o here_o the_o efficient_a be_v first_o for_o it_o be_v first_o cvius_fw-la vi_fw-la res_fw-la est_fw-la again_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o method_n it_o be_v first_o in_o nature_n because_o it_o give_v light_a to_o that_o which_o follow_v and_o that_o the_o efficient_a move_v first_o we_o see_v it_o in_o every_o thing_n he_o lay_v hold_v on_o the_o matter_n which_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o efficient_a be_v move_v and_o by_o a_o natural_a appetite_n move_v and_o run_v to_o make_v a_o effect_n of_o itself_o and_o do_v effect_v the_o effect_n as_o well_o as_o the_o efficient_a and_o that_o from_o the_o natural_a appetite_n it_o have_v to_o the_o effect_n but_o the_o mover_n or_o efficient_a be_v before_o the_o thing_n move_v and_o before_o the_o effect_n also_o efficiens_fw-la efficiens_fw-la quasi_fw-la exfaciens_fw-la move_v quite_o through_o for_o beside_o his_o first_o move_v as_o be_v the_o first_o cause_n he_o move_v also_o together_o with_o the_o matter_n form_n and_o end_n and_o his_o work_n with_o the_o rest_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o name_n est_fw-la every_o cause_n be_v require_v to_o the_o effect_n efficiens_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la ergo_fw-la again_o first_o there_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o mover_n to_o move_v the_o 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that_o efficiens_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la à _fw-la qua_fw-la tell_v we_o that_o this_o be_v the_o first_o be_v the_o effect_n have_v res._n here_o res_fw-la be_v general_a as_o before_o to_o all_o the_o art_n and_o it_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o the_o general_a arts._n ramus_n do_v not_o here_o break_v the_o rule_n of_o method_n not_o define_v what_o res_fw-la be_v again_o if_o he_o have_v say_v à _fw-la qua_fw-la est_fw-la we_o shall_v have_v have_v reference_n to_o res_fw-la again_o if_o he_o have_v name_v effectum_fw-la it_o have_v be_v à _fw-la posteriore_fw-la not_o have_v learn_v what_o effectum_fw-la est_fw-la res_fw-la est_fw-la this_o be_v general_a to_o every_o cause_n ergo_fw-la it_o be_v teach_v in_o the_o definition_n of_o causa_fw-la in_o general_a but_o that_o he_o may_v not_o be_v so_o obscure_a he_o borrow_v some_o thing_n that_o go_v before_o for_o else_o the_o perfect_a definition_n have_v be_v efficiens_fw-la est_fw-la à _fw-la qua_fw-la now_o this_o teach_v we_o to_o look_v first_o at_o the_o efficient_a in_o every_o thing_n for_o logic_n tell_v we_o not_o only_o of_o a_o esse_fw-la in_o general_a but_o of_o four_o several_a esses_fw-la from_o which_o existere_fw-la do_v arise_v as_o efficiens_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la à _fw-la qua_fw-la materia_fw-la ex_fw-la qua_fw-la forma_fw-la per_fw-la quam_fw-la finis_fw-la cvius_fw-la gratia_fw-la why_o do_v he_o not_o say_v causa_fw-la est_fw-la cvius_fw-la vires_fw-la sit_fw-la because_o something_o may_v be_v a_o cause_n and_o yet_o be_v not_o but_o if_o it_o do_v causare_fw-la then_o it_o be_v a_o cause_n so_o if_o i_o say_v i_o will_v do_v a_o thing_n and_o yet_o do_v it_o not_o yet_o be_o i_o a_o efficient_a for_o est_fw-la do_v here_o commend_v to_o we_o the_o adsignification_n of_o time_n but_o the_o essence_n that_o so_o soon_o as_o it_o begin_v to_o move_v so_o soon_o it_o be_v a_o efficient_a though_o the_o effect_n be_v not_o till_o the_o matter_n form_n and_o end_n be_v there_o cvius_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la vera_fw-la genera_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o ramus_n do_v commorari_fw-la tell_v we_o that_o those_o many_o species_n which_o the_o aristotelians_n make_v be_v not_o species_n but_o modi_fw-la efficientis_fw-la because_o more_o of_o they_o may_v be_v in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o efficient_a as_o one_o man_n may_v be_v causa_fw-la procreans_fw-la and_o conseruans_fw-la sola_fw-la and_o cum_fw-la aliis_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la &_o per_fw-la accidens_fw-la because_o they_o may_v be_v in_o the_o same_o efficient_a even_o as_o actio_fw-la and_o passio_fw-la do_v not_o distinguish_v the_o thing_n but_o be_v diverse_a modi_fw-la of_o the_o same_o thing_n here_o ramus_n will_v find_v no_o species_n of_o efficiens_fw-la neither_o be_v there_o any_o of_o the_o other_o three_o for_o the_o matter_n that_o be_v low_a ergo_fw-la it_o have_v nothing_o under_o it_o but_o example_n and_o so_o be_v the_o efficient_a ergo_fw-la he_o need_v not_o say_v cvius_fw-la etsi_fw-la vera_fw-la genera_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o how_o can_v that_o appear_v to_o he_o that_o be_v not_o we_o know_v the_o effect_n be_v single_a ergo_fw-la as_o the_o single_a matter_n form_n and_o end_n make_v that_o so_o the_o thing_n efficient_a make_v it_o neither_o have_v it_o any_o species_n vbertas_fw-la tamen_fw-la per_fw-la magna_fw-la etc._n etc._n there_o be_v great_a and_o plentiful_a use_n of_o the_o efficient_a and_o as_o it_o be_v first_o of_o all_o so_o be_v it_o most_o general_a of_o all_o for_o matter_n can_v be_v a_o matter_n till_o the_o efficient_a move_v it_o and_o so_o of_o all_o other_o argument_n now_o these_o make_v cause_v the_o efficient_a to_o be_v commend_v or_o discommend_v and_o according_a to_o these_o modi_fw-la be_v the_o effect_n more_o or_o less_o argue_v as_o if_o a_o child_n kill_v his_o father_n it_o be_v parricide_n so_o if_o it_o be_v a_o good_a thing_n that_o be_v wrought_v by_o one_o alone_a
couch_v in_o the_o effect_n and_o make_v a_o bulk_n and_o if_o the_o vis_fw-la of_o the_o efficient_a be_v essential_a because_o there_o can_v be_v no_o essefication_n of_o the_o effect_n without_o it_o much_o more_o must_v the_o matter_n be_v essential_a for_o if_o we_o take_v away_o the_o matter_n we_o take_v away_o both_o the_o force_n and_o the_o thing_n itself_o now_o we_o must_v understand_v that_o ens_fw-la and_o non_fw-la ens_fw-la be_v the_o subject_n of_o logic_n and_o as_o argumentum_fw-la be_v concretum_fw-la and_o also_o causa_fw-la so_o when_o i_o say_v materia_fw-la i_o mean_v a_o thing_n that_o be_v make_v of_o a_o matter_n exit_fw-la qua_fw-la that_o be_v out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v raise_v it_o be_v the_o mother_n of_o every_o thing_n as_o we_o often_o speak_v of_o the_o earth_n because_o every_o thing_n indeed_o be_v make_v of_o the_o four_o element_n but_o more_o especial_o nourish_v of_o the_o earth_n now_o the_o matter_n do_v not_o only_o by_o his_o virtue_n cause_v the_o effect_n but_o be_v interest_v in_o it_o and_o the_o effect_n rise_v out_o of_o it_o as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o child_n spring_v out_o of_o the_o mother_n only_o it_o go_v further_a in_o that_o its_o essence_n go_v to_o the_o make_v up_o of_o the_o effect_n now_o though_o the_o essence_n be_v from_o matter_n and_o form_n yet_o the_o ens_fw-la itself_o be_v from_o all_o the_o cause_n res_fw-la est_fw-la that_o effect_n as_o we_o shall_v hear_v hereafter_o for_o in_o this_o doctrine_n of_o causa_fw-la effectum_fw-la be_v the_o aliquid_fw-la which_o we_o must_v call_v res_fw-la till_o we_o come_v to_o it_o est_fw-la every_o cause_n give_v a_o esse_fw-la to_o the_o effect_n and_o this_o esse_fw-la be_v the_o bulk_n of_o it_o and_o from_o whence_o arise_v the_o greatness_n or_o littleness_n of_o the_o effect_n by_o the_o form_n now_o it_o be_v a_o great_a question_n in_o school_n whether_o the_o matter_n do_v any_o thing_n indeed_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o efficient_a it_o be_v patience_n but_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o effect_n it_o do_v causare_fw-la and_o so_o do_v agere_fw-la for_o if_o it_o be_v a_o effect_n in_o respect_n of_o every_o cause_n than_o every_o cause_n be_v after_o a_o sort_n the_o efficient_a of_o that_o effect_n and_o if_o you_o ask_v i_o what_o his_o action_n be_v i_o answer_v it_o do_v materiare_a or_o substantiare_fw-la the_o effect_n as_o the_o efficient_a do_v efficere_fw-la the_o effect_n it_o be_v also_o passive_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o form_n but_o both_o together_o co-worke_n to_o make_v the_o effect_n though_o forma_fw-la be_v principium_fw-la motus_fw-la in_o the_o thing_n by_o the_o matter_n now_o this_o be_v the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v inquire_v after_o we_o see_v who_o make_v it_o then_o whereof_o it_o be_v make_v both_o which_o we_o see_v in_o every_o thing_n &_o see_v they_o as_o they_o be_v do_v now_o the_o common_a logician_n bring_v in_o distinction_n of_o materia_fw-la as_o kickerman_n say_v it_o be_v proxima_fw-la or_o remota_fw-la but_o he_o may_v say_v so_o of_o every_o argument_n as_o well_o as_o of_o materia_fw-la he_o say_v man_n be_v make_v of_o the_o first_o matter_n then_o of_o the_o element_n which_o be_v more_o remote_a but_o ex_fw-la semine_fw-la that_o be_v near_o alas_o we_o do_v not_o here_o consider_v priority_n or_o posteriority_n neither_o do_v these_o any_o more_o press_v the_o effect_n here_o be_v no_o logic_n still_o but_o materia_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la ex_fw-la qua_fw-la ergo_fw-la this_o will_n not_o fall_v in_o logic_n and_o if_o you_o mark_v it_o present_o when_o he_o come_v to_o materia_fw-la prima_fw-la and_o to_o the_o element_n he_o be_v in_o natural_a philosophy_n ergo_fw-la here_o be_v no_o distinction_n of_o materia_fw-la in_o logic_n but_o of_o the_o particular_a thing_n that_o belong_v to_o a_o particular_a art_n hoc_fw-la argumento_fw-la ficto_fw-la apud_fw-la ovid._n 2._o metam_fw-la solis_fw-la domus_fw-la auro_fw-la pyropo_fw-la ebore_fw-la argento_fw-la componitur_fw-la regius_fw-la solis_fw-la erat_fw-la sublimibus_fw-la alta_fw-la columnis_fw-la clara_n micante_fw-la auro_fw-la flammasque_fw-la imitante_fw-la pyropo_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o ramus_n bring_v a_o example_n out_o of_o ovid_n which_o be_v a_o common_a school_n book_n and_o here_o a_o feign_a cause_n argue_v a_o feign_a effect_n ens_fw-la and_o non_fw-la ens_fw-la be_v the_o subject_n of_o logic_n but_o non_fw-la ens_fw-la gratia_fw-la entis_fw-la for_o so_o logic_n look_v at_o they_o first_o and_o give_v entity_n to_o ens_fw-la fictum_fw-la and_o therefore_o grammar_n and_o rhetoric_n must_v follow_v it_o for_o they_o be_v attendant_n on_o it_o the_o regius_fw-la solis_fw-la be_v here_o distribute_v into_o his_o part_n and_o they_o be_v argue_v by_o their_o matter_n it_o have_v his_o pillar_n of_o gold_n for_o their_o matter_n and_o pyropus_fw-la another_o matter_n of_o the_o column_n the_o cover_n or_o seel_v of_o ivory_n the_o leaf_n of_o the_o door_n make_v of_o silver_n observe_v how_o these_o causae_fw-la cum_fw-la aliis_fw-la in_o the_o matter_n do_v not_o force_v the_o effect_n any_o thing_n at_o all_o ergo_fw-la he_o do_v not_o teach_v they_o here_o for_o whether_o they_o be_v make_v of_o one_o matter_n or_o of_o more_o matter_n all_o be_v one_o ergo_fw-la there_o be_v no_o logic_n in_o that_o ergo_fw-la it_o do_v not_o belong_v to_o logic_n caesar_n 1_o belli_fw-la civilis_fw-la imperat_fw-la militibus_fw-la caesar_n ut_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o milites_fw-la be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o ship_n then_o he_o distribute_v the_o ship_n into_o his_o part_n keel_n rib_n carinae_fw-la primùm_fw-la and_o statumina_fw-la ex_fw-la levi_fw-la materia_fw-la the_o rest_n be_v viminibus_fw-la contextum_fw-la line_v within_o with_o leather_n so_o that_o here_o be_v distributio_fw-la integriin_n membra_fw-la and_o every_o part_n be_v argue_v by_o the_o material_a cause_n chap._n 7._o causae_fw-la primum_fw-la genus_fw-la est_fw-la in_o efficiente_a &_o materia_fw-la secundum_fw-la sequitur_fw-la we_o have_v hear_v of_o the_o efficient_a and_o of_o the_o matter_n and_o this_o be_v the_o conclusion_n of_o it_o now_o we_o come_v to_o the_o second_o which_o be_v in_o forma_fw-la &_o fine_a so_o that_o while_o he_o say_v causae_fw-la primum_fw-la genus_fw-la eiusmodi_fw-la est_fw-la etc._n etc._n he_o tell_v i_o it_o be_v a_o distribution_n before_o where_o the_o genus_fw-la be_v subsistent_a in_o speciebus_fw-la efficientis_fw-la &_o materiae_fw-la for_o so_o genus_fw-la be_v totum_fw-la partibus_fw-la essentiale_fw-la and_o be_v never_o but_o in_o speciebus_fw-la so_o that_o the_o genus_fw-la of_o they_o be_v comprehend_v in_o the_o doctrine_n of_o they_o two_o part_n secundum_fw-la sequitur_fw-la in_o forma_fw-la &_o fine_a he_o do_v not_o say_v secundus_fw-la est_fw-la forma_fw-la &_o fine_a now_o as_o the_o efficient_a and_o matter_n be_v combine_v together_o as_o move_v together_o a_o while_n without_o the_o form_n and_o end_n so_o the_o form_n and_o end_n though_o the_o form_n be_v before_o yet_o the_o end_n come_v present_o after_o and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o pedissequa_fw-la to_o the_o form_n and_o indeed_o where_o we_o can_v find_v the_o form_n of_o a_o thing_n we_o put_v the_o end_n as_o be_v next_o to_o it_o and_o best_a express_v it_o so_o bene_fw-la disserere_fw-la the_o end_n of_o logic_n be_v put_v for_o the_o form_n of_o logic_n now_o as_o this_o distinction_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o cause_n be_v see_v in_o great_a matter_n so_o be_v it_o also_o in_o less_o for_o there_o be_v a_o cooperation_n of_o the_o efficient_a and_o end_n together_o first_o then_o of_o the_o form_n and_o end_v together_o also_o though_o not_o without_o the_o efficient_a and_o matter_n in_o forma_fw-la &_o fine_a for_o the_o form_n be_v before_o the_o final_a cause_n for_o before_o the_o form_n be_v induce_v or_o ingenerate_v in_o the_o matter_n it_o can_v be_v good_a for_o his_o end_n and_o the_o end_n be_v causa_fw-la in_o respect_n of_o the_o effect_n not_o of_o the_o efficient_a so_o we_o say_v a_o coat_n have_v a_o form_n before_o it_o have_v a_o end_n for_o it_o may_v be_v a_o coat_n and_o yet_o not_o fit_a to_o serve_v i_o now_o then_o as_o the_o efficient_a begin_v the_o motion_n and_o the_o motion_n redound_v out_o of_o the_o matter_n so_o it_o run_v per_fw-la formam_fw-la &_o finem_fw-la forma_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o same_o that_o forma_fw-la be_v in_o latin_a there_o be_v but_o a_o transposition_n of_o the_o letter_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d proper_o signify_v the_o face_n and_o fas_fw-la and_o facies_fw-la in_o latin_a come_v of_o facere_fw-la because_o when_o it_o be_v make_v it_o have_v the_o face_n of_o a_o thing_n so_o a_o thing_n when_o it_o have_v its_o form_n it_o have_v a_o face_n it_o will_v seem_v something_o so_o that_o the_o efficient_n esse_fw-la be_v not_o facies_fw-la res_fw-la
the_o form_n of_o thing_n this_o be_v the_o right_n forma_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la per_fw-la quam_fw-la etc._n etc._n now_o if_o we_o take_v this_o course_n to_o see_v the_o form_n of_o thing_n we_o shall_v easy_o see_v the_o truth_n look_v how_o many_o member_n there_o be_v in_o a_o body_n so_o many_o portion_n of_o matter_n and_o form_n there_o be_v ergo_fw-la vita_fw-la vegitativa_fw-la and_o sensitiva_fw-la be_v not_o the_o form_n but_o that_o be_v it_o that_o arise_v from_o the_o union_n of_o the_o element_n form_n now_o by_o this_o mean_v neither_o do_v we_o teach_v that_o the_o form_n of_o thing_n perish_v and_o be_v annihilate_v as_o the_o philosopher_n say_v neither_o be_v their_o form_n diverse_a but_o conspire_v together_o to_o make_v one_o neither_o be_v life_n a_o form_n so_o that_o a_o bone_n be_v a_o bone_n and_o have_v the_o form_n of_o a_o bone_n when_o life_n be_v go_v id_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la this_o be_v peculiarr_o to_o the_o form_n for_o let_v forma_fw-la be_v do_v away_o from_o a_o thing_n and_o present_o it_o be_v another_o thing_n id_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la namely_o that_o whereby_o it_o come_v to_o be_v range_v under_o a_o general_a head_n be_v from_o the_o form_n ideoque_fw-la hinc_fw-la à _fw-la caeteris_fw-la rebus_fw-la distinguitur_fw-la because_o forma_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la etc._n etc._n it_o be_v not_o distinguish_v by_o the_o efficient_a or_o matter_n because_o all_o the_o force_n of_o they_o be_v not_o in_o the_o thing_n as_o the_o form_n force_n be_v ideoque_fw-la etc._n etc._n then_o we_o see_v evident_o that_o so_o far_o forth_o as_o the_o form_n run_v with_o the_o matter_n so_o far_o forth_o the_o thing_n be_v id_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la and_o so_o far_o forth_o also_o be_v it_o distinguish_v from_o all_o other_o thing_n now_o this_o be_v a_o necessary_a consecution_n from_o the_o first_o rule_n objection_n how_o can_v it_o be_v a_o first_o rule_n arise_v from_o a_o first_o rule_n answer_n it_o be_v not_o simple_o and_o absolute_o first_o but_o first_o in_o his_o kind_n so_o dialecticae_fw-la part_n dvae_fw-la sunt_fw-la be_v not_o the_o first_o rule_n of_o logic_n because_o the_o definition_n be_v before_o yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o be_v first_o in_o his_o kind_n now_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o be_v this_o every_o consectary_n that_o make_v a_o rule_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d must_v be_v a_o rule_n of_o art_n for_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o be_v a_o first_o property_n in_o his_o kind_n though_o there_o be_v more_o of_o they_o together_o now_o it_o be_v here_o proton_fw-mi and_o agree_v to_o the_o part_n afterward_o as_o risus_fw-la first_fw-mi agree_v to_o homo_fw-la and_o to_o richard_n william_n and_o john_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o it_o agree_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o that_o all_o real_a distinction_n be_v from_o the_o form_n and_o here_o be_v the_o doctrine_n of_o differentia_fw-la with_o other_o logician_n it_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o property_n and_o be_v here_o ideoque_fw-la hinc_fw-la à _fw-la caeteris_fw-la rebus_fw-la distinguitur_fw-la so_o that_o that_o which_o be_v differentia_fw-la constitutiva_fw-la in_o regard_n of_o the_o effect_n be_v differentia_fw-la divisiva_fw-la as_o it_o make_v it_o differ_v from_o other_o thing_n et_fw-la forma_fw-la simul_fw-la cum_fw-la reipsa_fw-la ingeneratur_fw-la again_o here_o be_v another_o property_n he_o say_v forma_fw-la simul_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o be_v two_o thing_n adjoin_v to_o forma_fw-la as_o property_n the_o first_o be_v that_o forma_fw-la ingeneratur_fw-la the_o second_o be_v that_o simul_fw-la cum_fw-la reipsa_fw-la ingeneratur_fw-la for_o the_o first_o there_o be_v much_o question_n how_o the_o form_n come_v to_o thing_n the_o philosopher_n say_v it_o be_v a_o heavenly_a nature_n and_o come_v by_o influence_n of_o the_o sun_n moon_n and_o star_n as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o quinta_fw-la essentia_fw-la from_o the_o element_n and_o must_v be_v extrinsice_n now_o these_o influence_n they_o know_v not_o what_o they_o be_v if_o they_o be_v quality_n of_o the_o sun_n moon_n and_o star_n than_o they_o can_v be_v form_n for_o the_o form_n give_v essence_n ergo_fw-la be_v no_o quality_n if_o they_o be_v not_o quality_n than_o they_o be_v substance_n what_o substance_n be_v they_o if_o they_o be_v of_o their_o substance_n than_o they_o be_v corruptible_a shall_v it_o be_v from_o their_o matter_n then_o it_o shall_v be_v celestial_a for_o they_o be_v not_o make_v of_o the_o element_n neither_o can_v matter_n make_v a_o form_n and_o again_o it_o can_v be_v of_o their_o matter_n for_o than_o they_o shall_v be_v diminish_v neither_o can_v it_o be_v of_o their_o form_n alone_o for_o one_o thing_n can_v make_v a_o three_o distinct_a from_o it_o ergo_fw-la it_o be_v not_o from_o they_o but_o the_o sun_n moon_n and_o star_n send_v down_o fire_n which_o make_v a_o mistion_n with_o the_o other_o element_n and_o so_o from_o their_o form_n arise_v the_o form_n of_o mist_n for_o so_o mistio_fw-la be_v alteratorum_fw-la unio_fw-la ergo_fw-la it_o be_v make_v one_o and_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o form_n of_o the_o four_o element_n be_v all_o operative_a that_o be_v their_o quality_n be_v in_o every_o thing_n but_o they_o hold_v as_o it_o be_v a_o meeting_n of_o many_o star_n together_o at_o the_o conception_n of_o thing_n but_o as_o for_o their_o work_n it_o be_v not_o so_o to_o be_v respect_v for_o we_o see_v esau_n and_o jacob_n bear_v at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o yet_o of_o diverse_a manner_n ingeneratur_fw-la some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o form_n be_v in_o the_o thing_n before_o the_o thing_n be_v but_o now_o it_o be_v educt_v and_o bring_v out_o true_a it_o be_v it_o be_v before_o in_o the_o part_n but_o they_o be_v not_o membra_fw-la so_o that_o after_o that_o sort_n it_o be_v before_o cum_fw-la reipsa_fw-la how_o can_v this_o be_v whereas_o the_o end_n come_v between_o the_o form_n and_o the_o effect_n answer_n this_o be_v a_o propriety_n and_o every_o propriety_n be_v a_o adjunct_n to_o the_o thing_n and_o the_o adjunct_n be_v after_o the_o subject_n so_o that_o this_o come_v after_o the_o form_n cum_fw-la re_fw-la as_o if_o he_o shall_v tell_v we_o the_o form_n lie_v in_o the_o matter_n after_o a_o hide_a manner_n but_o this_o property_n be_v before_o the_o end_n ingenerari_fw-la be_v another_o thing_n than_o the_o form_n ergo_fw-la forma_fw-la be_v before_o it_o but_o it_o be_v together_o with_o the_o thing_n we_o have_v make_v a_o entrance_n into_o the_o formal_a cause_n and_o have_v hear_v how_o that_o it_o be_v after_o the_o efficient_a and_o the_o matter_n again_o whereas_o every_o cause_n give_v a_o esse_fw-la the_o form_n do_v that_o and_o more_o too_o the_o efficient_a give_v a_o bare_a be_v the_o matter_n give_v a_o be_v and_o part_n of_o his_o essence_n and_o the_o form_n give_v his_o whole_a essence_n and_o make_v it_o that_o which_o it_o be_v and_o that_o reason_n of_o that_o make_v it_o differ_v from_o all_o other_o thing_n and_o this_o the_o common_a logician_n do_v consider_v when_o they_o make_v differentia_fw-la to_o be_v divisiva_fw-mi or_o constitutiva_fw-la now_o here_o be_v their_o mistake_n that_o they_o call_v it_o differentia_fw-la which_o do_v not_o arise_v from_o the_o essence_n of_o it_o but_o from_o this_o property_n that_o forma_fw-la simul_fw-la cum_fw-la reipso_fw-la ingeneratur_fw-la the_o theory_n of_o the_o form_n be_v hard_a of_o all_o humane_a learning_n for_o it_o can_v be_v see_v with_o our_o sense_n but_o only_o by_o the_o effect_n of_o it_o we_o come_v to_o grope_v at_o it_o because_o it_o be_v principium_fw-la agens_fw-la of_o every_o thing_n strengthen_v by_o the_o matter_n but_o the_o contemplation_n of_o that_o belong_v to_o natural_a philosophy_n and_o thus_o we_o may_v seek_v the_o form_n of_o thing_n when_o i_o know_v that_o membrum_fw-la be_v essentiale_fw-la toti_fw-la and_o that_o the_o matter_n and_o form_n constitute_v the_o effect_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o so_o many_o portion_n of_o matter_n so_o many_o portion_n there_o be_v of_o forma_fw-la ergo_fw-la the_o school_n be_v deceive_v which_o think_v the_o form_n may_v not_o be_v divide_v for_o it_o may_v because_o it_o be_v portionated_a from_o the_o member_n the_o organical_a part_n of_o a_o thing_n be_v make_v of_o simular_a part_n and_o the_o simular_a part_n be_v make_v of_o the_o element_n both_o for_o matter_n and_o form_n the_o element_n of_o the_o first_o form_n now_o if_o you_o ask_v i_o further_o what_o they_o be_v i_o can_v only_o say_v they_o be_v the_o work_n of_o the_o first_o efficient_a incomplete_a in_o themselves_o so_o that_o if_o you_o will_v penitùs_fw-la introspicere_fw-la this_o be_v the_o way_n and_o look_v what_o element_n be_v most_o
scilicet_fw-la prolisque_fw-la gratia_fw-la sunt_fw-la mihi_fw-la bis_fw-la septem_fw-la praestanti_fw-la corpore_fw-la nymphae_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o juno_n persuade_v aeolus_n to_o let_v his_o wind_n out_o and_o she_o will_v give_v he_o one_o of_o her_o nymph_n which_o she_o press_v upon_o he_o by_o final_a cause_n first_o that_o she_o may_v spend_v all_o her_o year_n with_o he_o and_o second_o that_o she_o may_v make_v he_o the_o father_n of_o a_o fair_a offspring_n in_o defension_n ligarii_fw-la cicero_n tuberonem_fw-la accusatorem_fw-la urget_fw-la etc._n etc._n et_fw-la certe_fw-la ait_fw-la contra_fw-la ipsum_fw-la caesarem_fw-la est_fw-la congressus_fw-la armatus_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v tubero_n thou_o have_v thy_o sword_n draw_v at_o the_o battle_n of_o pharsalio_n thou_o do_v strike_v his_o side_n mark_v the_o variety_n of_o the_o phrase_n and_o so_o of_o the_o end_n what_o mean_v thy_o sword_n what_o be_v thy_o mind_n here_o be_v the_o propositum_fw-la what_o mean_v thou_o to_o have_v do_v even_o to_o have_v kill_v caesar_n so_o that_o the_o final_a cause_n be_v not_o accidental_a to_o the_o thing_n but_o even_o substantial_a and_o therefore_o we_o have_v it_o so_o often_o in_o the_o definition_n of_o art_n use_v for_o the_o form_n and_o that_o for_o this_o reason_n because_o it_o be_v the_o next_o argument_n to_o it_o and_o presuppose_v the_o form_n so_o that_o this_o be_v the_o use_n of_o the_o final_a cause_n in_o the_o definition_n of_o arts._n as_o dialectica_fw-la est_fw-la ars_fw-la bene_fw-la disserendi_fw-la here_o bene_fw-la disserere_fw-la be_v the_o end_n and_o it_o be_v as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v dialectica_fw-la have_v such_o a_o soul_n as_o that_o it_o be_v able_a to_o perform_v and_o execute_v this_o or_o that_o thing_n for_o which_o it_o be_v make_v so_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o end_n of_o all_o art_n i_o but_o what_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o general_n why_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o effect_n of_o all_o art_n answer_n but_o as_o every_o thing_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o end_n of_o it_o ergo_fw-la if_o a_o man_n will_v do_v any_o logicum_fw-la opus_fw-la he_o must_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o thus_o we_o have_v hear_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o cause_n cap._n 9_o de_fw-fr effectis_fw-la effectum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la è_fw-la causis_fw-la existit_fw-la sive_fw-la igitur_fw-la gignatur_fw-la sive_fw-la etc._n etc._n now_o we_o come_v to_o see_v a_o thing_n make_v up_o it_o be_v worth_a the_o consideration_n to_o see_v now_o we_o begin_v at_o the_o far_a thing_n and_o at_o the_o first_o there_o be_v four_o esses_fw-la distinct_a which_o we_o must_v look_v at_o distinct_o and_o orderly_o if_o we_o will_v see_v thing_n aright_o first_o the_o efficient_n than_o the_o matter_n etc._n etc._n now_o then_o let_v we_o see_v effectum_fw-la effectum_fw-la for_o the_o name_n it_o seem_v to_o be_v nominate_v only_o from_o the_o efficient_a for_o it_o come_v of_o efficior_fw-la which_o come_v of_o efficio_fw-la whence_o efficiens_fw-la comes_fw-la and_o howbeit_o it_o may_v be_v denominate_v materiatum_fw-la formatum_fw-la or_o finitum_fw-la yet_o he_o rather_o name_v it_o of_o the_o efficient_a but_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o it_o have_v reference_n to_o all_o the_o cause_n even_o materiatum_fw-la formatum_fw-la finitum_fw-la object_n why_o shall_v there_o not_o be_v as_o many_o several_a kind_n of_o effect_n as_o there_o be_v of_o cause_n answer_n because_o no_o one_o cause_n alone_o can_v make_v a_o effect_n for_o it_o be_v existent_a from_o they_o all_o the_o cause_n be_v distinct_a in_o nature_n and_o their_o force_n be_v their_o own_o ergo_fw-la their_o doctrine_n must_v be_v distinct_a but_o because_o effectum_fw-la must_v he_o make_v of_o the_o composition_n of_o the_o four_o esses_fw-la ergo_fw-la it_o can_v be_v but_o one_o so_o that_o i_o can_v say_v effectum_fw-la efficientis_fw-la effectum_fw-la materiae_fw-la effectum_fw-la formae_fw-la or_o effectum_fw-la finis_fw-la ergo_fw-la we_o must_v see_v effectum_fw-la alone_o in_o one_o lump_n as_o it_o be_v in_o nature_n now_o because_o it_o have_v all_o the_o esses_fw-la of_o the_o cause_n ergo_fw-la good_a reason_n that_o the_o efficient_a that_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o work_v general_o quite_o through_o with_o every_o other_o cause_n matter_n form_n and_o end_n shall_v have_v the_o effect_n denominate_v from_o it_o so_o that_o this_o child_n bring_v forth_o by_o the_o four_o cause_n be_v denominate_v from_o the_o efficient_a est_fw-la all_o thing_n be_v effect_n but_o god_n alone_o ergo_fw-la effectum_fw-la est_fw-la therefore_o whereas_o all_o thing_n be_v make_v liable_a to_o our_o eye_n of_o reason_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o as_o we_o see_v the_o cause_n that_o make_v up_o the_o thing_n so_o the_o effect_n which_o be_v a_o quinta_fw-la essentia_fw-la arise_v from_o they_o quod._n he_o mean_v argumentum_fw-la absolute_a consentaneum_fw-la now_o we_o see_v plain_o how_o the_o cause_n be_v absolute_o agree_v to_o the_o effect_n but_o how_o be_v the_o effect_n absolute_o agree_v to_o they_o yes_o for_o if_o the_o effect_n be_v from_o they_o it_o will_v vouchsafe_v to_o acknowledge_v itself_o to_o be_v from_o they_o and_o we_o see_v in_o nature_n that_o if_o a_o effect_n be_v than_o all_o the_o cause_n be_v &_o contra_fw-la again_o that_o we_o may_v see_v it_o plain_o if_o we_o take_v away_o the_o efficient_a the_o effect_n will_v be_v imperfect_a so_o put_v the_o effect_n and_o we_o put_v the_o matter_n and_o form_n substantial_o and_o the_o esses_fw-la of_o the_o other_o so_o take_v away_o the_o effect_n and_o you_o take_v away_o they_o now_o if_o the_o efficient_a be_v rot_v yet_o it_o be_v a_o effect_n as_o this_o logic_n be_v ramus_n his_o effect_n though_o he_o be_v dead_a and_o rot_a for_o here_o we_o respect_v not_o time_n but_o the_o esse_fw-la again_o he_o put_v efficiens_fw-la general_o à _fw-la qua_fw-la materia_fw-la ex_fw-la qua_fw-la forma_fw-la per_fw-la quam_fw-la finis_fw-la cvius_fw-la gratia_fw-la and_o here_o effectum_fw-la quod_fw-la the_o reason_n why_o he_o use_v quod_fw-la so_o often_o be_v because_o he_o will_v tell_v we_o that_o logic_n be_v general_a to_o every_o thing_n existit_fw-la esse_fw-la be_v of_o any_o one_o cause_n existere_fw-la be_v a_o compound_n of_o they_o all_o not_o that_o existere_fw-la have_v respect_n of_o time_n and_o place_n as_o some_o teach_v true_a it_o be_v time_n and_o place_n attend_v every_o thing_n when_o it_o do_v existere_fw-la but_o they_o be_v not_o of_o the_o esse_fw-la of_o the_o thing_n but_o be_v only_o complemental_a est_z be_v à _fw-la qualibet_fw-la existere_fw-la ex_fw-la omnibus_fw-la subsistere_fw-la ex_fw-la modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la consentaneis_fw-la existere_fw-la come_v of_o ex_fw-la and_z sto_z now_o it_o do_v stand_v upon_o its_o foot_n and_o do_v estare_fw-la out_o from_o all_o the_o cause_n be_v a_o five_o thing_n from_o they_o e_o causis_fw-la here_o è_fw-la be_v as_o much_o as_o à _fw-la ex_fw-la per_fw-la and_o gratia_fw-la è_fw-la causis_fw-la that_o be_v ab_fw-la efficiente_a ex_fw-la materi_fw-la performan_n gratia_fw-la finis_fw-la causis_fw-la not_o causa_fw-la and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o all_o four_o cause_n must_v absolute_o concur_v or_o else_o the_o thing_n can_v existere_fw-la as_o the_o first_o matter_n do_v not_o ergo_fw-la if_o angel_n do_v existere_fw-la they_o must_v have_v all_o the_o cause_n so_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n after_o they_o be_v out_o of_o the_o body_n they_o can_v per_fw-la se_fw-la existere_fw-la without_o they_o have_v all_o the_o cause_n for_o if_o any_o one_o cause_n be_v want_v they_o will_v be_v incomplete_a sive_fw-la igitur_fw-la gignatur_fw-la sive_fw-la corrumpatur_fw-la ramus_n do_v here_o commorari_fw-la upon_o this_o doctrine_n of_o effectum_fw-la because_o the_o common_a aristotelian_o refer_v the_o doctrine_n of_o motus_fw-la not_o to_o logic_n but_o to_o natural_a philosophy_n but_o ramus_n teach_v it_o here_o in_o logic_n in_o the_o doctrine_n of_o effectum_fw-la sive_fw-la igitur_fw-la gignatur_fw-la sive_fw-la corrumpatur_fw-la etc._n etc._n whether_o it_o be_v make_v or_o corrupt_v sive_fw-la modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la moveatur_fw-la quidlibet_fw-la that_o be_v whether_o it_o be_v augment_v or_o diminish_v etc._n etc._n generatio_fw-la and_o corruptio_fw-la be_v substantial_a motus_fw-la augmentatio_fw-la and_o diminutio_fw-la quantitatis_fw-la alteratio_fw-la and_o loci_fw-la mutatio_fw-la qualitatis_fw-la and_o all_o these_o be_v effect_n then_o again_o whereas_o the_o aristotelian_o teach_v that_o distruens_fw-la causa_fw-la be_v not_o causa_fw-la ramus_n teach_v that_o it_o be_v for_o whether_o a_o man_n do_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o the_o same_o rule_n he_o do_v both_o ergo_fw-la both_o of_o they_o be_v motus_fw-la of_o his_o act_n to_o the_o opus_fw-la ergo_fw-la causa_fw-la
which_o we_o hear_v of_o in_o adjunct_n be_v res_fw-la locata_fw-la because_o it_o do_v apply_v that_o special_a kind_n of_o adjunct_n that_o answer_v to_o this_o subject_a locus_fw-la now_o it_o be_v not_o essential_a to_o the_o thing_n ergo_fw-la be_v but_o complemental_a again_o that_o which_o be_v now_o in_o one_o place_n may_v remove_v to_o another_o place_n ergo_fw-la be_v not_o absolute_o consent_v to_o the_o thing_n and_o thus_o we_o see_v it_o must_v needs_o belong_v to_o logic_n as_o be_v but_o in_o respect_n they_o say_v only_o corpus_fw-la be_v in_o loco_fw-la descriptive_a and_o not_o spirit_n they_o be_v but_o in_o ubi_fw-la or_o in_o loco_fw-la designatione_fw-la but_o what_o be_v this_o but_o a_o rule_n of_o geometry_n where_o we_o hear_v of_o completio_fw-la loci_fw-la by_o corpus_fw-la and_o therefore_o aristotle_n bring_v locus_fw-la to_o quantity_n then_o again_o they_o question_v whether_o the_o space_n that_o contain_v a_o thing_n be_v locus_fw-la or_o no._n answ_n space_n belong_v to_o nature_n and_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o measure_n that_o do_v fill_v the_o place_n and_o be_v nothing_o but_o that_o quadrangula_fw-la sex_n complent_fw-la locum_fw-la or_o a_o pint_n will_v receive_v a_o pint_n and_o therefore_o to_o receive_v be_v to_o measure_v the_o space_n i_o confess_v you_o may_v name_v it_o in_o nature_n but_o not_o define_v it_o sic_fw-la philosophi_fw-la divinis_fw-la entibus_fw-la licet_fw-la parte_fw-la &_o magnitudine_fw-la carentibus_fw-la attribuunt_fw-la locum_fw-la so_o the_o philosopher_n give_v place_n to_o the_o intelligence_n whereas_o he_o make_v they_o to_o move_v the_o heaven_n say_v they_o be_v on_o the_o superficies_n of_o they_o licet_fw-la parte_fw-la &_o magnitudine_fw-la carentibus_fw-la here_o he_o speak_v according_a to_o the_o common_a conceit_n in_o school_n but_o i_o marvel_v how_o he_o or_o any_o other_o can_v say_v so_o scaliger_n say_v they_o be_v in_o divine_a predicament_n of_o quantity_n but_o not_o in_o this_o gross_a predicament_n of_o quantity_n and_o they_o have_v a_o figure_n in_o what_o figure_n be_v angel_n first_o create_v an._n in_o what_o figure_n be_v water_n first_o make_v they_o can_v take_v any_o figure_n as_o water_n can_v but_o i_o think_v they_o be_v first_o make_v in_o the_o figure_n of_o roundness_n so_o arist_n say_v they_o be_v make_v as_o puncta_fw-la so_o be_v fire_n round_o for_o that_o be_v figura_fw-la capacissima_fw-la ergo_fw-la perfectissima_fw-la i_o have_v think_v also_o that_o the_o ark_n be_v make_v for_o all_o the_o world_n like_o a_o man_n and_o there_o be_v the_o proportion_n of_o length_n proportionable_a to_o a_o man_n breadth_n and_o the_o height_n proportionable_a to_o a_o man_n thickness_n now_o for_o the_o want_v of_o part_n it_o be_v not_o so_o for_o angel_n may_v be_v divide_v though_o their_o part_n be_v similar_v so_o be_v the_o element_n part_n and_o as_o some_o write_v the_o wicked_a spirit_n may_v be_v strike_v and_o so_o the_o sun_n light_n but_o it_o will_v too_o quick_o return_v into_o itself_o and_o as_o the_o light_n may_v be_v divide_v so_o may_v they_o and_o whereas_o they_o say_v anima_fw-la be_v tota_fw-la in_o toto_fw-la and_o tota_fw-la in_o qualibet_fw-la parte_fw-la they_o wrong_v god_n and_o the_o creature_n for_o what_o be_v the_o reason_n god_n can_v have_v no_o part_n ergo_fw-la no_o cause_n other_o thing_n whatsoever_o must_v needs_o have_v cause_n ergo_fw-la must_v have_v membra_fw-la ergo_fw-la we_o can_v say_v they_o be_v all_o in_o every_o part_n yes_o the_o reasonable_a soul_n be_v in_o my_o little_a finger_n content_a but_o be_v that_o very_a portion_n of_o it_o that_o be_v in_o my_o head_n also_o in_o my_o little_a finger_n there_o be_v a_o discontinuance_n and_o the_o same_o thing_n shall_v be_v here_o and_o not_o there_o which_o be_v flat_a contradiction_n but_o god_n be_v not_o in_o this_o or_o that_o finger_n but_o also_o between_o they_o the_o papist_n absurdity_n appear_v notable_o in_o this_o in_o that_o they_o will_v have_v christ_n body_n to_o be_v real_o in_o the_o sacrament_n in_o the_o bread_n and_o in_o heaven_n also_o and_o yet_o not_o in_o the_o air_n but_o make_v a_o discontinuance_n ergo_fw-la it_o be_v in_o the_o bread_n and_o not_o in_o the_o bread_n in_o heaven_n and_o not_o in_o heaven_n for_o if_o it_o be_v in_o heaven_n there_o it_o be_v shut_v up_o and_o so_o in_o the_o bread_n sic_fw-la geometrae_n locum_fw-la locique_fw-la differentias_fw-la in_o rebus_fw-la geometricis_fw-la that_o be_v above_o and_o below_o angle_n and_o base_a etc._n etc._n at_o prius_fw-la ignotum_fw-la ferro_fw-la quum_fw-la scindimus_fw-la aequor_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o he_o appoint_v several_a place_n to_o several_a thing_n and_o here_o locus_fw-la be_v but_o subiectum_fw-la and_o they_o adiuncta_fw-la sensilia_fw-la sensuum_fw-la &_o res_fw-la virtutibus_fw-la ac_fw-la vitiis_fw-la propositae_fw-la subiecta_fw-la vitiorum_fw-la &_o virtutum_fw-la hoc_fw-la modo_fw-la nominantur_fw-la here_o be_v obiecta_fw-la as_o the_o common_a school_n teach_v because_o the_o sense_n be_v cast_v upon_o they_o so_o virtue_n and_o vice_n though_o they_o have_v their_o subject_n themselves_o in_o one_o kind_n yet_o here_o they_o be_v adjunct_n rebus_fw-la vitutibus_fw-la ac_fw-la vitiis_fw-la propositae_fw-la now_o it_o be_v a_o fallace_n of_o non_fw-la subiectum_fw-la when_o we_o give_v that_o to_o subiectum_fw-la which_o be_v not_o subiectum_fw-la as_o tully_n jest_v with_o piso_n his_o little_a son_n and_o say_v who_o have_v hang_v my_o son_n to_o yonder_o sword_n eiusmodi_fw-la subiecto_fw-la cicero_n 2._o agrar._n disputat_fw-la inter_fw-la campanos_n nullam_fw-la contentionem_fw-la esse_fw-la qui_fw-la nullus_fw-la sit_fw-la honour_n non_fw-la gloriae_fw-la cupiditate_fw-la ait_fw-la afferebantur_fw-la etc._n etc._n honour_n be_v the_o subject_n of_o ambition_n the_o campani_a have_v no_o honour_n among_o they_o ergo_fw-la no_o ambition_n where_o there_o be_v no_o honour_n there_o be_v no_o ambition_n but_o inter_fw-la campanos_n there_o be_v no_o honour_n ergo_fw-la no_o ambition_n here_o the_o proposition_n contain_v the_o subject_n and_o adjunct_n and_o by_o remove_v the_o subject_n he_o remove_v the_o adjunct_n eodem_fw-la argumento_fw-la a_o propertio_fw-la dictum_fw-la est_fw-la navita_fw-la de_fw-la ventis_fw-la de_fw-la tauris_fw-la narrat_fw-la arator_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o mariner_n he_o tell_v of_o the_o wind_n whereabout_o he_o be_v occupy_v and_o vulnera_fw-la be_v adjunct_n to_o soldier_n yet_o here_o as_o he_o talk_v of_o they_o he_o be_v adiunctum_fw-la and_o thus_o have_v we_o hear_v of_o the_o first_o compliment_n of_o a_o thing_n namely_o to_o be_v a_o subject_n or_o to_o have_v a_o subject_n cap._n 11._o de_fw-fr adiuncto_fw-la adiunctum_fw-la est_fw-la cvi_fw-la aliquid_fw-la subiicitur_fw-la quod_fw-la argumentum_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la subiecto_fw-la est_fw-la levius_fw-la attamen_fw-la est_fw-la copiosius_fw-la &_o frequentius_fw-la now_o we_o come_v to_o adjunct_n which_o be_v after_o subiectum_fw-la and_o because_o subiectum_fw-la and_o adiunctum_fw-la have_v diverse_a nature_n ergo_fw-la they_o must_v be_v teach_v distinct_o and_o in_o distinct_a chapter_n now_o therefore_o we_o come_v to_o adiunctum_fw-la which_o be_v the_o outmost_a thing_n and_o it_o be_v call_v adiunctum_fw-la because_o it_o be_v adjoin_v to_o the_o thing_n and_o it_o be_v put_v to_o another_o thing_n after_o it_o have_v its_o be_v now_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o world_n but_o may_v be_v a_o cause_n a_o effect_n a_o subject_n or_o adjunct_n and_o therefore_o logic_n be_v general_a of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o in_o that_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o it_o be_v but_o adjoin_v he_o tell_v we_o that_o it_o do_v agree_v but_o quodam_fw-la modo_fw-la that_o be_v conditional_o but_o many_o adjunct_n be_v remove_v from_o their_o subject_n since_o their_o cause_n be_v in_o they_o answ_n sure_o there_o may_v be_v a_o alteration_n of_o they_o by_o the_o hindrance_n of_o the_o act_n of_o the_o form_n upon_o the_o matter_n or_o the_o act_n external_o so_o the_o adamant_n stone_n if_o we_o put_v but_o the_o ivice_n of_o garlic_n upon_o it_o it_o will_v not_o draw_v iron_n unto_o it_o again_o the_o cause_n may_v be_v alter_v in_o the_o subject_n ergo_fw-la the_o adjunct_n may_v be_v remove_v ergo_fw-la it_o be_v but_o argumentum_fw-la modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la consentaneum_fw-la and_o not_o absolutè_fw-la requisitum_fw-la cui_fw-la because_o any_o thing_n whatsoever_o may_v have_v the_o respect_n of_o a_o adjunct_n as_o any_o thing_n may_v be_v a_o cause_n aliquid_fw-la that_o be_v that_o that_o be_v propound_v or_o that_o which_o we_o be_v to_o argue_v or_o that_o that_o be_v argue_v so_o that_o that_o which_o the_o adjunct_n be_v adjoin_v to_o be_v subiectum_fw-la subiicitur_fw-la adiunctum_fw-la do_v present_o tell_v i_o that_o there_o be_v some_o thing_n cvi_fw-la aliquid_fw-la adiungitur_fw-la he_o rather_o say_v subiicitur_fw-la then_o adiungitur_fw-la because_o adiunctum_fw-la have_v reference_n to_o subiectum_fw-la and_o it_o be_v better_a to_o define_v they_o from_o
esse_fw-la ante_fw-la post_fw-la and_o grammar_n which_o be_v the_o garment_n of_o logic_n do_v speak_v by_o the_o verb_n of_o time_n past_a present_a and_o to_o come_v now_o we_o give_v it_o in_o grammar_n to_o verb_n not_o but_o that_o it_o may_v be_v give_v to_o every_o thing_n as_o well_o as_o to_o action_n and_o passion_n but_o that_o we_o deliver_v it_o active_o or_o passive_o again_o primum_fw-la mobile_a which_o god_n have_v make_v a_o common_a globe_n to_o all_o the_o world_n and_o be_v measure_v according_a to_o praeterita_fw-la praesens_fw-la and_o futurae_fw-la ergo_fw-la time_n be_v in_o every_o thing_n and_o angel_n and_o man_n soul_n be_v without_o respect_n of_o primum_fw-la mobile_a and_o day_n and_o night_n because_o they_o be_v beyond_o they_o but_o they_o be_v not_o without_o duration_n passive_a because_o they_o be_v make_v creature_n by_o god_n so_o that_o though_o their_o tempus_fw-la be_v call_v awm_fw-la yet_o be_v it_o this_o tempus_fw-la objection_n may_v 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to_o fire_n and_o when_o i_o have_v say_v so_o i_o have_v consider_v the_o logical_a respect_n and_o no_o more_o praeter_fw-la causas_fw-la we_o have_v hear_v that_o there_o can_v be_v nothing_o but_o must_v have_v cause_n and_o so_o the_o existere_fw-la of_o a_o thing_n be_v from_o the_o esses_fw-la that_o the_o cause_n give_v and_o then_o the_o adjunct_n come_v over_o and_o above_o the_o thing_n now_o quality_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n proper_a and_o common_a these_o be_v but_o special_a modi_fw-la of_o these_o quality_n they_o may_v be_v proper_a because_o they_o argue_v at_o proper_a common_a because_o they_o argue_v at_o common_a or_o at_o random_n as_o we_o say_v now_o whatsoever_o have_v affection_n to_o argue_v that_o belong_v to_o logic_n ergo_fw-la these_o because_o they_o have_v affection_n to_o argue_v rather_o as_o modi_fw-la then_o as_o adjunct_n as_o modi_fw-la efficientis_fw-la before_o so_o therefore_o they_o be_v distinguish_v thus_o so_o risus_fw-la do_v argue_v 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into_o art_n and_o will_v make_v a_o rule_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o this_o it_o be_v every_o art_n ought_v to_o deliver_v the_o cause_n quality_n and_o act_n of_o a_o thing_n for_o so_o there_o be_v in_o nature_n first_o the_o thing_n than_o the_o quality_n or_o faculty_n than_o the_o act_n which_o point_v out_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o that_o if_o one_o will_v make_v a_o art_n of_o homo_fw-la that_o part_n of_o natural_a philosophy_n he_o must_v speak_v of_o risus_fw-la because_o he_o do_v something_o in_o nature_n by_o virtue_n of_o that_o quality_n so_o heat_n and_o cold_a first_o agree_v to_o elementum_fw-la calidum_fw-la and_o frigidum_fw-la and_o afterward_o to_o the_o species_n not_o by_o the_o immediate_a act_n of_o their_o form_n upon_o their_o matter_n but_o by_o the_o common_a act_n of_o fire_n and_o agree_v to_o produce_v heat_n and_o water_n and_o earth_n to_o produce_v cold_a ut_fw-la homini_fw-la risus_fw-la aequo_fw-la hinnitus_fw-la cani_fw-la latratus_fw-la etc._n etc._n he_o mean_v the_o faculty_n not_o the_o act_n so_o neigh_v to_o a_o horse_n every_o beast_n have_v his_o peculiar_a voice_n though_o we_o can_v discern_v it_o so_o well_o common_a adjunct_n be_v such_o as_o agree_v to_o that_o which_o be_v not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o be_v first_o in_o the_o part_n and_o then_o in_o the_o general_a as_o learning_n first_o agree_v to_o socrates_n plato_n etc._n etc._n and_o then_o to_o man_n and_o this_o be_v the_o difference_n between_o proper_a and_o common_a adjunct_n the_o proper_a adjunct_n agree_v first_o to_o the_o general_n and_o then_o to_o the_o singular_n the_o common_a agree_v first_o to_o the_o singular_n and_o then_o to_o the_o general_n hoc_fw-la genere_fw-la argumenti_fw-la faunium_n chaeriam_fw-la cicero_n pro_fw-la roscio_n comaedo_fw-la cavillatur_fw-la nun_n ipsum_fw-la caput_fw-la &_o supercilia_fw-la illa_fw-la penitus_fw-la abrasa_fw-la &c_n &c_n he_o have_v not_o a_o hair_n for_o he_o shave_v they_o off_o ergo_fw-la he_o reason_n from_o thence_o that_o he_o be_v a_o knave_n and_o it_o may_v be_v true_a because_o they_o be_v hot_a head_v that_o be_v bald_a this_o be_v a_o new_a modus_fw-la and_o he_o reason_n from_o sign_n which_o be_v common_a quality_n tney_n do_v not_o agree_v omni_n soli_fw-la and_o semper_fw-la and_o yet_o a_o knave_n do_v omni_n soli_fw-la and_o semper_fw-la common_o sic_fw-la martialis_n 2._o lib._n zoilum_fw-la ludit_fw-la crine_fw-la ruber_fw-la niger_n over_o brevis_fw-la pede_fw-la lumine_fw-la luscus_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o cause_n of_o these_o not_o make_v a_o good_a man_n be_v this_o the_o cause_n of_o a_o red_a head_n be_v colour_n ergo_fw-la there_o be_v much_o heat_n and_o where_o there_o be_v much_o heat_n there_o will_v be_v much_o fancy_n and_o where_o there_o be_v much_o fancy_n there_o will_v be_v much_o juggle_a niger_n over_o that_o come_v from_o melancholy_a that_o lie_v in_o the_o muscle_n about_o the_o mouth_n brevis_fw-la pede_fw-la that_o may_v have_v some_o reason_n with_o it_o for_o such_o
if_o any_o in_o distribute_v shall_v make_v any_o part_n as_o large_a as_o the_o genus_fw-la as_o logician_n distribute_v genus_fw-la into_o perfectum_fw-la and_o imperfectum_fw-la they_o make_v species_n totum_fw-la and_z not_o genus_fw-la so_o ens_fw-la be_v substantia_fw-la or_o accidens_fw-la will_v not_o come_v into_o any_o art_n for_o the_o part_n be_v consentany_n inter_fw-la se_fw-la be_v subiectum_fw-la and_o adiunctum_fw-la partibus_fw-la pars_fw-la est_fw-la quae_fw-la continetur_fw-la non_fw-la in_o toto_fw-la sed_fw-la à _fw-la toto_fw-la totum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la continet_fw-la as_o be_v the_o common_a punctum_fw-la wherein_o the_o part_n meet_v together_o he_o say_v also_o partibus_fw-la non_fw-la parti_fw-la species_n est_fw-la pars_fw-la generis_fw-la pars_fw-la we_o hear_v before_o generis_fw-la so_o that_o as_o membrum_fw-la be_v pars_fw-la integri_fw-la not_o generis_fw-la so_o species_n est_fw-la pars_fw-la generis_fw-la not_o integri_fw-la so_o that_o they_o which_o divide_v part_n into_o integrall_n or_o simular_a understand_v not_o logic_n for_o a_o part_n simular_a be_v nothing_o but_o species_n which_o be_v pars_fw-la generis_fw-la as_o a_o pan_n of_o water_n and_o a_o drop_n of_o water_n be_v genus_fw-la and_o species_n a_o bone_n and_o a_o part_n of_o a_o bone_n be_v also_o genus_fw-la and_o species_n now_o they_o call_v it_o simular_a because_o they_o have_v the_o same_o denomination_n why_o so_o genus_fw-la do_v predicarere_fw-la &_o nomine_fw-la as_o they_o say_v pars_fw-la generis_fw-la here_o observe_v that_o species_n have_v reference_n only_o to_o genus_fw-la and_o so_o genus_fw-la to_o species_n even_o as_o causa_fw-la be_v effecti_fw-la causa_fw-la and_o subiectum_fw-la adiuncti_fw-la subiectum_fw-la for_o they_o be_v relate_v ergo_fw-la can_v repeat_v no_o other_o thing_n but_o one_o another_o so_o again_o genus_fw-la be_v totum_fw-la not_o speciei_fw-la but_o specierum_fw-la ergo_fw-la when_o we_o give_v a_o double_a face_n to_o he_o we_o make_v he_o like_o janus_n with_o a_o double_a forehead_n for_o they_o make_v the_o same_o species_n to_o be_v species_n to_o two_o thing_n species_n therefore_o be_v generis_fw-la species_n as_o one_o son_n be_v but_o son_n of_o one_o father_n now_o this_o be_v their_o trouble_n that_o they_o can_v distribute_v a_o species_n into_o individua_fw-la because_o say_v they_o individua_fw-la doe_n but_o differre_fw-la numero_fw-la what_o be_v that_o differre_fw-la numero_fw-la be_v proper_o to_o reckon_v up_o or_o make_v a_o induction_n of_o the_o individua_fw-la to_o make_v up_o the_o species_n again_o when_o we_o distribute_v that_o species_n into_o all_o his_o individua_fw-la there_o be_v a_o distribution_n for_o there_o be_v a_o totum_fw-la and_o part_n distribute_v objection_n but_o in_o a_o distribution_n we_o shall_v have_v but_o two_o species_n answer_n why_o be_v it_o not_o requisite_a that_o there_o shall_v always_o be_v a_o dicotomie_n for_o indeed_o if_o we_o can_v find_v it_o out_o every_o thing_n be_v dicotomise_v but_o the_o lord_n have_v not_o reveal_v it_o unto_o man_n but_o have_v keep_v it_o secret_a to_o himself_o objection_n singular_n have_v no_o difference_n but_o be_v distinct_a only_o by_o a_o conflux_n of_o common_a accident_n answer_n then_o singular_n shall_v not_o differ_v in_o essence_n ergo_fw-la i_o shall_v be_v the_o same_o with_o you_o and_o you_o with_o i_o the_o first_o matter_n indeed_o be_v imperfect_a but_o every_o thing_n else_o be_v a_o effect_n ergo_fw-la have_v all_o the_o cause_n ergo_fw-la the_o form_n if_o they_o ask_v i_o what_o it_o be_v i_o answer_v they_o that_o my_o soul_n be_v my_o form_n as_o they_o hold_v or_o else_o thus_o as_o my_o member_n be_v not_o another_o man_n member_n so_o my_o form_n arise_v from_o the_o part_n of_o my_o body_n be_v not_o another_o man_n form_n but_o be_v real_o distinct_a from_o it_o objection_n but_o say_v they_o the_o reasonable_a soul_n be_v general_a to_o all_o man_n answer_n there_o indeed_o may_v be_v some_o scruple_n but_o when_o we_o consider_v that_o the_o form_n of_o the_o body_n and_o the_o soul_n make_v up_o the_o form_n of_o a_o man_n we_o shall_v see_v every_o man_n to_o have_v a_o distinct_a form_n by_o which_o we_o shall_v know_v they_o each_o from_o other_o sic_fw-la animal_n genus_fw-la hominis_fw-la &_o bestiae_fw-la dicimus_fw-la he_o mean_v that_o genus_fw-la be_v a_o general_a totum_fw-la and_o comprehend_v the_o species_n under_o it_o for_o as_o a_o hen_n cover_v her_o chicken_n with_o her_o wing_n so_z genus_fw-la cover_v the_o species_n with_o his_o essence_n then_o again_o make_v a_o axiom_n as_o homo_fw-la est_fw-la animal_n and_o you_o shall_v see_v the_o species_n to_o be_v the_o subject_n more_o often_o then_o the_o genus_fw-la ergo_fw-la he_o say_v subiecta_fw-la genus_fw-la est_fw-la generalissimum_fw-la aut_fw-la subalternum_fw-la here_o he_o distribute_v genus_fw-la unto_o we_o show_v we_o that_o there_o be_v two_o kind_n thereof_o the_o one_o be_v generalissimum_fw-la for_o so_o indeed_o every_o genus_fw-la be_v general_a and_o have_v his_o subsistencie_n only_o in_o singularibus_fw-la and_o because_o all_o genera_fw-la do_v subsist_v in_o singularibus_fw-la ergo_fw-la all_o but_o singularia_fw-la be_v genera_fw-la hence_o it_o be_v that_o they_o say_v in_o school_n ens_fw-la and_o unum_fw-la confunduntur_fw-la species_n subalterna_fw-la aut_fw-la specialissima_fw-la genus_fw-la generalissimum_fw-la cvius_fw-la nullum_fw-la est_fw-la genus_fw-la generalissimum_fw-la be_v so_o call_v because_o it_o be_v most_o genus_fw-la because_o that_o can_v be_v nothing_o but_o genus_fw-la subalternum_fw-la genus_fw-la be_v genus_fw-la but_o not_o only_a genus_fw-la nor_o always_o genus_fw-la cvius_fw-la nullum_fw-la est_fw-la genus_fw-la there_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o end_n for_o as_o there_o be_v a_o low_a whereat_o we_o must_v begin_v so_o there_o must_v be_v a_o high_a above_o which_o we_o can_v go_v for_o there_o can_v be_v a_o infinitus_fw-la motus_fw-la in_o creature_n so_o the_o lord_n have_v in_o great_a wisdom_n range_v thing_n in_o their_o order_n so_o the_o common_a logician_n have_v make_v ten_o predicament_n or_o genera_fw-la generalissima_fw-la but_o the_o first_o four_o have_v logicks_n use_v in_o they_o the_o rest_n be_v argument_n but_o if_o we_o will_v know_v the_o genera_fw-la generalissima_fw-la every_o art_n will_v tell_v we_o they_o best_o now_o we_o may_v ascend_v to_o ens_fw-la too_o so_o that_o ens_fw-la be_v the_o definitum_fw-la indeed_o god_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o in_o logic_n argumentum_fw-la be_v genus_fw-la generalissimum_fw-la vox_fw-la in_o grammar_n etc._n etc._n and_o all_o these_o be_v species_n of_o ens_fw-la nullum_fw-la genus_fw-la here_o he_o deny_v any_o genus_fw-la to_o stay_v our_o reason_n that_o so_o we_o may_v not_o go_v too_o far_o for_o since_o genus_fw-la arise_v from_o the_o matter_n we_o shall_v at_o last_o come_v to_o that_o which_o be_v no_o genus_fw-la but_o a_o matter_n only_o ergo_fw-la we_o must_v distribute_v this_o into_o his_o matter_n and_o form_n subalternum_fw-la genus_fw-la ut_fw-la subalterna_fw-la item_n species_n quoth_v species_n huius_fw-la illius_fw-la autem_fw-la genus_fw-la est_fw-la subalternum_fw-la genus_fw-la may_v also_o be_v subalterna_fw-la species_n so_o that_o these_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o only_o differ_v in_o respect_n therefore_o one_o definition_n may_v serve_v for_o they_o both_o species_n specialissima_fw-la quae_fw-la est_fw-la individua_fw-la in_o species_n alias_o ut_fw-la materia_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la singulares_fw-la species_n as_o before_o signify_v first_o a_o singular_a thing_n and_o other_o species_n be_v call_v species_n at_o the_o second_o hand_n but_o individua_fw-la be_v proper_o call_v species_n quae_fw-la speciuntur_fw-la now_o he_o say_v specialissima_fw-la that_o be_v indeed_o and_o proper_o as_o generalissimum_fw-la have_v not_o genus_fw-la above_o it_o so_o species_n specialissima_fw-la have_v no_o species_n under_o it_o individua_fw-la be_v here_o a_o adjunct_n to_o species_n specialissima_fw-la now_o he_o say_v individua_fw-la because_o he_o speak_v of_o division_n ergo_fw-la here_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o we_o can_v go_v no_o further_o to_o find_v any_o inferior_a species_n we_o may_v only_o divide_v it_o into_o member_n if_o we_o will_n genus_fw-la vero_fw-la &_o species_n notae_fw-la sunt_fw-la causarum_fw-la &_o effectorum_fw-la he_o do_v commorari_fw-la here_o because_o the_o school_n have_v not_o common_o receive_v that_o genus_fw-la contain_v the_o matter_n and_o common_a form_n of_o the_o species_n but_o we_o know_v a_o perfect_a definition_n lay_v out_o the_o quiddity_n of_o a_o thing_n that_o be_v the_o matter_n and_o the_o form_n now_o the_o form_n be_v there_o but_o where_o be_v the_o matter_n why_o the_o genus_fw-la contain_v the_o quiddity_n the_o essence_n the_o cause_n ergo_fw-la it_o be_v a_o argument_n unanswerable_a that_o the_o genus_fw-la contain_v the_o matter_n hinc_fw-la universale_fw-la est_fw-la insigne_fw-la ac_fw-la praestabile_fw-la quia_fw-la causam_fw-la declarat_fw-la the_o common_a logician_n never_o look_v after_o any_o distribution_n but_o of_o the_o integrum_fw-la
perfecta_fw-la aut_fw-la imperfecta_fw-la but_o they_o be_v much_o deceive_v for_o when_o a_o perfect_a definition_n may_v be_v have_v we_o use_v no_o description_n ergo_fw-la it_o serve_v only_o where_o a_o perfect_a definition_n can_v be_v have_v it_o be_v not_o so_o here_o for_o if_o we_o have_v a_o perfect_a definition_n either_o integri_fw-la in_o membra_fw-la or_o generis_fw-la in_o species_n we_o must_v not_o therefore_o leave_v out_o these_o if_o they_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d aut_fw-la contra_fw-la as_o we_o see_v axioma_fw-la be_v affirmatum_fw-la and_o negatum_fw-la must_v come_v into_o logic_n though_o it_o have_v his_o species_n afterward_o again_o these_o distribution_n can_v be_v reduce_v to_o the_o perfect_a one_o either_o of_o integrum_fw-la or_o genus_fw-la cap._n 29._o de_fw-fr distributione_n ex_fw-la adiunctis_fw-la distributio_fw-la ex_fw-la adiunctis_fw-la est_fw-la quando_fw-la part_n sunt_fw-la adiuncta_fw-la ergo_fw-la the_o whole_a be_v subiectum_fw-la ut_fw-la hominum_fw-la alij_fw-la sani_fw-la alij_fw-la aegri_fw-la etc._n etc._n this_o distribution_n will_v not_o be_v distribute_v as_o i_o say_v before_o into_o genus_fw-la and_o species_n sic_fw-la virgilius_n 1_o georg._n quinque_fw-la tenent_fw-la coelum_fw-la zonae_fw-la quarum_fw-la una_fw-la corusco_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o heaven_n be_v distribute_v by_o his_o adjunct_n it_o be_v temperate_a or_o intemperate_a to_o dicotomize_v it_o intemperate_a be_v hot_a or_o cold_a hot_a be_v the_o middle_a zone_n cold_a be_v they_o between_o the_o tropicke_n temperate_a be_v the_o other_o two_o caesar_n 1._o belli_fw-la gallic_n gallia_n est_fw-la omnis_fw-la divisa_fw-la in_o part_n tres_fw-la etc._n etc._n caesar_n divide_v the_o country_n of_o france_n into_o three_o part_n according_a to_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o cap._n 30._o de_fw-fr definitione_n definitio_fw-la est_fw-la cum_fw-la explicatur_fw-la quid_fw-la res_fw-la sit_fw-la eaque_fw-la vicissim_fw-la definitio_fw-la argui_fw-la potest_fw-la hitherto_o we_o have_v hear_v of_o a_o distribution_n now_o we_o come_v to_o a_o definition_n for_o have_v hear_v what_o a_o thing_n be_v and_o how_o it_o differ_v from_o other_o notwithstanding_o it_o may_v be_v compare_v with_o they_o and_o be_v equal_a or_o unequal_a like_a or_o unlike_a and_o then_o be_v name_v last_o be_v range_v under_o some_o head_n have_v i_o say_v see_v all_o these_o thing_n clap_v close_o together_o in_o the_o thing_n now_o it_o remain_v that_o we_o shall_v lay_v out_o the_o limitation_n of_o it_o and_o circumscribe_v it_o this_o be_v the_o last_o of_o all_o because_o it_o may_v arise_v from_o any_o of_o the_o argument_n go_v before_o and_o also_o from_o orta_fw-la which_o follow_v definitio_fw-la est_fw-la cum_fw-la explicatur_fw-la quid_fw-la res_fw-la sit_fw-la we_o hear_v that_o the_o argument_n arise_v manifold_o be_v distribution_n and_o definition_n now_o definition_n arise_v as_o it_o shall_v fall_v out_o either_o from_o agreer_n or_o disagreer_n comparate_v or_o orta_fw-la ergo_fw-la it_o arise_v from_o more_o argument_n than_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v after_o all_o the_o rest_n though_o in_o lay_v down_o a_o art_n it_o will_v have_v the_o first_o place_n because_o if_o it_o be_v a_o perfect_a definition_n it_o lay_v out_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o thing_n immediate_o if_o it_o be_v a_o description_n it_o lay_v down_o the_o quantity_n etc._n etc._n a_o definition_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o box_n that_o lay_v up_o all_o the_o rule_n follow_v in_o the_o art_n even_o as_o the_o body_n do_v the_o member_n definitio_fw-la for_o the_o name_n we_o know_v finis_fw-la be_v terminus_fw-la and_o belong_v to_o geometry_n we_o hear_v it_o borrow_v from_o thence_o into_o logic_n to_o signify_v a_o cause_n here_o it_o signify_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o that_o definire_fw-la be_v to_o set_v down_o the_o extreme_a or_o utmost_a point_n of_o a_o thing_n ergo_fw-la it_o must_v be_v reciprocal_a with_o the_o thing_n define_v else_o can_v it_o not_o define_v it_o for_o if_o the_o definitum_fw-la be_v large_a than_o the_o definitio_fw-la than_o it_o outreach_v the_o limit_n of_o the_o thing_n if_o it_o be_v less_o than_o it_o lay_v not_o out_o the_o essence_n full_o cum_fw-la explicatur_fw-la so_o that_o definitio_fw-la do_v lay_v abroad_o explicatio_fw-la be_v a_o lay_v abroad_o the_o quiddity_n of_o a_o thing_n in_o that_o he_o say_v definitio_fw-la do_v explicare_fw-la he_o mean_v all_o the_o argument_n before_o be_v clap_v together_o in_o the_o thing_n confuse_o but_o the_o definition_n do_v lay_v they_o abroad_o as_o in_o this_o word_n dialectica_fw-la there_o be_v a_o synopsis_n of_o all_o logic_n but_o when_o i_o say_v it_o be_v ars_fw-la bene_fw-la disserendi_fw-la here_o the_o definition_n lay_v out_o all_o more_o at_o large_a the_o definite_a be_v like_o a_o pedlar_n pack_n wherein_o his_o point_n pin_n knife_n etc._n etc._n be_v shut_v up_o altogether_o and_o the_o definitio_fw-la be_v like_o the_o lay_n of_o they_o out_o or_o show_v of_o they_o to_o the_o end_n that_o he_o may_v sell_v they_o the_o one_o may_v likewise_o be_v compare_v to_o a_o garment_n fold_v up_o the_o other_o to_o a_o garment_n spread_v abroad_o at_o large_a quid._n that_o be_v the_o essence_n for_o as_o in_o a_o perfect_a definition_n we_o may_v gather_v the_o other_o argument_n of_o a_o thing_n from_o the_o cause_n so_o in_o a_o description_n we_o may_v gather_v the_o cause_n from_o other_o argument_n this_o entity_n therefore_o or_o essence_n the_o definition_n always_o look_v at_o another_o difference_n of_o the_o definitum_fw-la and_o the_o definitio_fw-la be_v that_o the_o definitum_fw-la be_v ens_fw-la and_o the_o definitio_fw-la be_v essentia_fw-la res._n that_o be_v the_o ens_fw-la the_o subject_n of_o the_o general_a art_n that_o be_v aliquid_fw-la in_o the_o definition_n of_o argumentum_fw-la eaque_fw-la vicissim_fw-la definitio_fw-la argui_fw-la potest_fw-la as_o the_o definite_a call_v before_o res_fw-la may_v be_v argue_v a_o definitione_n so_o contra_fw-la though_o the_o definitio_fw-la be_v more_o often_o bring_v to_o argue_v the_o definite_a then_o contra_fw-la ergo_fw-la it_o have_v the_o name_n definition_n not_o from_o definitum_fw-la but_o from_o the_o definitio_fw-la objection_n kickerman_n say_v ramus_n will_v have_v definitio_fw-la both_o a_o argument_n and_o a_o axiom_n answer_n no_o we_o make_v it_o a_o argument_n when_o we_o speak_v proper_o we_o make_v it_o a_o axiom_n when_o we_o speak_v synecdochichos_n definitio_fw-la est_fw-la perfecta_fw-la aut_fw-la imperfecta_fw-la this_o distribution_n be_v now_o to_o good_a purpose_n for_o the_o school_n have_v not_o agree_v at_o any_o time_n of_o any_o perfect_a definition_n as_o they_o say_v homo_fw-la est_fw-la animal_n rationale_fw-la this_o be_v not_o a_o perfect_a definition_n ergo_fw-la some_o do_v add_v mortale_fw-la some_o capax_fw-la disciplinae_fw-la some_o both_o so_o that_o indeed_o we_o can_v give_v a_o perfect_a definition_n of_o any_o thing_n ergo_fw-la because_o it_o be_v so_o hard_a to_o find_v the_o special_a form_n it_o be_v requisite_a to_o have_v a_o imperfect_a one_o to_o grope_v out_o the_o form_n thereby_o else_o we_o shall_v be_v undo_v if_o we_o can_v no_o way_n look_v at_o the_o essence_n of_o thing_n and_o here_o by_o the_o way_n we_o see_v the_o quiddity_n lay_v out_o perfect_o by_o a_o perfect_a definition_n and_o imperfect_o by_o a_o imperfect_a definition_n illa_fw-la propriè_fw-la definitio_fw-la haec_fw-la descriptio_fw-la dicitur_fw-la where_o we_o may_v see_v that_o perfecta_fw-la definitio_fw-la be_v proper_o the_o species_n of_o this_o definition_n and_o that_o the_o definition_n before_o be_v synecdochicall_a now_o that_o explicatio_fw-la of_o the_o thing_n be_v perfect_a or_o imperfect_a the_o one_o call_v definitio_fw-la the_o other_o descriptio_fw-la the_o one_o contain_v the_o limitation_n of_o the_o essence_n the_o other_o the_o limitation_n of_o the_o quantity_n so_o that_o whatsoever_o have_v a_o essence_n distinct_a from_o itself_o must_v be_v limit_v ergo_fw-la may_v be_v define_v ergo_fw-la have_v their_o perfect_a definition_n though_o we_o can_v see_v what_o their_o form_n be_v definitio_fw-la perfecta_fw-la est_fw-la definitio_fw-la constans_fw-la è_fw-la solis_fw-la causis_fw-la essentiam_fw-la constituentibus_fw-la the_o reason_n be_v because_o it_o stand_v of_o more_o part_n namely_o the_o genus_fw-la and_o form_n lay_v out_o the_o composition_n of_o the_o thing_n e_o causis_fw-la as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v they_o do_v give_v existere_fw-la to_o the_o definite_a solis_fw-la because_o no_o other_o argument_n come_v in_o a_o perfect_a definition_n essentiam_fw-la constituentibus_fw-la that_o be_v materia_fw-la and_o forma_fw-la but_o materia_fw-la be_v include_v in_o genere_fw-la so_o that_o definitio_fw-la be_v ortum_fw-la double_o now_o there_o be_v four_o cause_n which_o give_v esse_fw-la but_o two_o of_o they_o only_o give_v essence_n so_o that_o the_o effect_n have_v his_o substance_n from_o the_o matter_n and_o form_n not_o from_o the_o other_o cause_n quales_fw-la causae_fw
a_o man_n may_v bear_v false_a witness_n when_o he_o speak_v the_o truth_n and_o likewise_o because_o the_o simple_a man_n may_v sometime_o speak_v the_o truth_n as_o well_o as_o the_o prudent_a man_n the_o logician_n schoolmaster_n the_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr judicio_fw-la cap._n 1._o quid_fw-la judicium_fw-la adhuc_fw-la prima_fw-la dialecticae_fw-la artis_fw-la pars_fw-la fuit_fw-la in_o inuentione_n pars_fw-la altera_fw-la sequitur_fw-la in_o judicio_fw-la we_o have_v hitherto_o hear_v of_o simples_n which_o simples_n may_v be_v composites_n but_o yet_o we_o respect_v they_o as_o one_o join_v to_o another_o as_o man_n be_v make_v of_o many_o argument_n but_o may_v be_v consider_v as_o a_o simple_a now_o we_o come_v to_o consider_v how_o one_o thing_n be_v join_v with_o another_o thing_n the_o give_v which_o we_o hear_v of_o before_o be_v that_o affection_n of_o one_o argument_n to_o another_o which_o the_o common_a logician_n call_v categoria_fw-la but_o when_o they_o be_v put_v together_o in_o disposition_n they_o belong_v to_o judgement_n so_o that_o here_o we_o shall_v hear_v of_o nothing_o but_o lay_v of_o simples_n together_o that_o be_v of_o argument_n with_o argument_n and_o that_o be_v either_o of_o two_o side_n of_o one_o argument_n to_o one_o as_o in_o a_o simple_a axiom_n or_o of_o three_o side_n together_o as_o in_o a_o syllogism_n or_o last_o of_o axiom_n one_o after_o another_o for_o the_o help_n of_o memory_n which_o be_v method_n so_o that_o when_o we_o have_v see_v this_o we_o may_v see_v the_o reach_n of_o our_o reason_n and_o the_o rule_n of_o it_o adhuc_fw-la prima_fw-la dialecticae_fw-la artis_fw-la pars_fw-la fuit_fw-la etc._n etc._n this_o be_v a_o perfect_a transition_n for_o it_o be_v long_o since_o we_o hear_v this_o distribution_n our_o author_n say_v in_o inuentione_n and_o then_o sequitur_fw-la judicium_fw-la so_o that_o he_o teach_v we_o that_o the_o first_o part_n of_o logic_n be_v conversant_a about_o the_o invention_n of_o argument_n and_o show_v we_o that_o the_o first_o part_n of_o logic_n come_v to_o be_v call_v invention_n by_o a_o metonymy_n of_o the_o subject_n for_o the_o adjunct_n so_o iudicium_fw-la come_v to_o name_n the_o second_o part_n of_o logic_n by_o a_o metonymy_n of_o the_o subject_n for_o the_o adjunct_n or_o if_o you_o will_v invention_n and_o judgement_n come_v to_o be_v the_o part_n of_o logic_n by_o a_o metonymy_n of_o the_o effect_n for_o the_o cause_n for_o so_o invenire_fw-la and_o iudicare_fw-la be_v act_n perform_v by_o the_o first_o and_o second_o part_n of_o logic_n which_o if_o kickerman_n have_v well_o consider_v he_o will_v not_o have_v reprove_v ramus_n for_o this_o distribution_n sequitur_fw-la judicium_fw-la judicium_fw-la be_v proper_o the_o act_n of_o our_o understanding_n as_o it_o do_v discern_v and_o determine_v truth_n and_o falsehood_n for_o it_o come_v of_o iudex_fw-la a_o judge_n and_o when_o a_o axiom_n be_v make_v our_o judgement_n come_v to_o judge_v it_o so_o that_o the_o name_n will_v in_o the_o end_n hardly_o be_v find_v large_a enough_o for_o this_o part_n of_o logic_n i_o will_v rather_o distribute_v it_o thus_o dialecticae_fw-la part_n dvae_fw-la sunt_fw-la inuentio_fw-la &_o dispositio_fw-la and_o then_o dispositio_fw-la est_fw-la iudicium_fw-la aut_fw-la methodus_fw-la and_o iudicium_fw-la est_fw-la axiomaticum_fw-la aut_fw-la syllogisticum_fw-la my_o reason_n be_v these_o first_o because_o in_o method_n i_o see_v no_o more_o judgement_n then_o in_o invention_n but_o it_o be_v proper_o of_o the_o order_n of_o axiom_n again_o judgement_n be_v for_o truth_n and_o falsehood_n and_o that_o be_v the_o drift_n of_o axiomaticall_a and_o syllogistical_a judgement_n ergo_fw-la they_o two_o be_v to_o be_v couple_v together_o again_o i_o observe_v this_o in_o nature_n that_o there_o be_v there_o internal_a sense_n fancy_n cogitation_n and_o memory_n for_o the_o common_a sense_n be_v all_o one_o with_o fancy_n now_o these_o serve_v reason_n as_o the_o two_o affection_n love_v and_o hatred_n serve_v will_n for_o as_o there_o be_v the_o affection_n of_o love_n to_o embrace_v that_o which_o will_n will_v and_o the_o affection_n of_o hatred_n to_o hate_v that_o which_o will_n nill_v so_o there_o be_v to_o serve_v reason_n first_o a_o fancy_n that_o serve_v invention_n cogitation_n and_o memory_n that_o serve_v disposition_n now_o these_o three_o be_v distinct_a in_o nature_n because_o their_o organ_n and_o instrument_n by_o which_o they_o work_v be_v distinct_a for_o the_o organ_n or_o instrument_n of_o fancy_n be_v heat_n the_o instrument_n of_o cogitation_n be_v drith_n and_o moisture_n of_o memory_n now_o the_o opposite_a to_o heat_n be_v cold_a therefore_o cogitation_n and_o memory_n communicate_v in_o cold_a then_o cold_a be_v a_o dry_a or_o moist_a cold_a the_o dry_a cold_a be_v the_o instrument_n of_o cogitation_n the_o moist_a cold_a be_v the_o organ_n of_o memory_n but_o this_o cold_a must_v be_v but_o in_o a_o degree_n for_o if_o it_o be_v too_o cold_a all_o be_v mar_v now_o then_o cogitation_n and_o memory_n communicate_v together_o in_o cold_a there_o must_v be_v a_o genus_fw-la wherein_o judgement_n and_o method_n must_v also_o communicate_v &_o that_o be_v dispositio_fw-la so_o that_o as_o these_o organ_n be_v by_o nature_n sever_v in_o man_n so_o nature_n must_v sever_v our_o reason_n into_o invention_n &_o disposition_n &_o disposition_n into_o iudicium_fw-la and_o methodus_fw-la and_o that_o these_o be_v distinct_a in_o nature_n many_o reason_n do_v show_v for_o when_o a_o man_n be_v first_o bear_v then_o be_v his_o invention_n best_o his_o judgement_n be_v best_a when_o he_o be_v pass_v iwenis_fw-la he_o remember_v best_o when_o he_o be_v a_o child_n and_o then_o best_a for_o invention_n because_o his_o head_n be_v then_o hot_a afterward_o best_a for_o judgement_n because_o than_o his_o brain_n be_v dry_v first_o of_o all_o best_a for_o memory_n because_o his_o head_n then_o be_v moyst_a again_o man_n in_o the_o morning_n remember_v best_a because_o than_o his_o brain_n be_v moist_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o fume_n that_o ascend_v to_o the_o brain_n when_o he_o sleep_v at_o noon_n he_o be_v fit_a for_o cogitation_n because_o his_o brain_n be_v then_o dry_v at_o night_n he_o invent_v best_o because_o than_o his_o brain_n be_v cold_a and_o as_o in_o the_o sun_n course_n her_o heat_n be_v moyst_a in_o the_o morning_n dry_v at_o noon_n and_o cold_a at_o night_n so_o be_v it_o with_o man_n reason_n so_o that_o the_o internal_a sense_n be_v thus_o divide_v yet_o here_o do_v we_o rather_o admit_v of_o a_o dicotomie_n because_o else_o we_o shall_v leave_v out_o a_o genus_fw-la namely_o dispositio_fw-la again_o because_o the_o end_n of_o invention_n and_o judgement_n be_v various_a now_o it_o may_v seem_v strange_a that_o logic_n teach_v these_o part_n thus_o divide_v for_o if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o a_o child_n have_v his_o memory_n first_o best_o than_o his_o cogitation_n and_o then_o his_o fancy_n why_o shall_v not_o method_n be_v teach_v first_o than_o judgement_n and_o last_o invention_n the_o reason_n be_v this_o indeed_o if_o a_o child_n shall_v have_v use_n of_o his_o disposition_n first_o it_o will_v hinder_v his_o growth_n for_o a_o child_n have_v least_o use_v of_o his_o reasonable_a soul_n for_o a_o long_a time_n because_o it_o be_v a_o hindrance_n of_o the_o act_n of_o the_o vegetative_a and_o sensitive_a soul_n by_o reason_n hereof_o if_o he_o shall_v be_v moyst_a he_o can_v not_o grow_v to_o that_o stature_n which_o be_v fit_v or_o if_o he_o shall_v be_v dry_a it_o will_v not_o extend_v his_o moisture_n again_o afterward_o that_o his_o fancy_n be_v moyst_a it_o be_v for_o the_o bene_fw-la esse_fw-la of_o the_o body_n for_o moisture_n be_v most_o predominant_a in_o he_o till_o he_o come_v to_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o his_o age_n and_o then_o his_o moisture_n can_v extend_v itself_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o heat_n and_o then_o he_o become_v most_o judicious_a so_o that_o these_o be_v conararie_a to_o the_o order_n of_o method_n for_o the_o good_a of_o man_n again_o a_o child_n have_v his_o faculty_n of_o memory_n principal_a that_o then_o he_o may_v gather_v thing_n into_o a_o storehouse_n and_o afterward_o he_o must_v come_v to_o judge_v they_o ergo_fw-la it_o be_v necessary_a that_o he_o shall_v have_v the_o best_a memory_n first_o not_o so_o much_o for_o the_o act_n of_o his_o reason_n as_o for_o the_o growth_n of_o his_o body_n he_o be_v for_o anima_fw-la vegetativa_fw-la a_o plant_n for_o sensitiva_fw-la a_o animal_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v no_o one_o act_n of_o any_o of_o these_o faculty_n above_o but_o all_o act_n together_o yet_o so_o as_o one_o be_v predominant_a ergo_fw-la we_o say_v old_a age_n bring_v wisdom_n now_o wisdom_n be_v sapientia_fw-la that_o be_v syllogistical_a judgement_n or_o prudentia_fw-la that_o be_v the_o application_n thereof_o upon_o
they_o may_v seem_v to_o make_v they_o opposite_a species_n contractus_fw-la quando_fw-la argumentum_fw-la pro_fw-la exemplo_fw-la ita_fw-la subiicitur_fw-la particulari_fw-la quaestioni_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o these_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v for_o the_o argument_n be_v bring_v as_o a_o example_n always_o than_o second_o the_o question_n be_v particular_a three_o it_o be_v subject_v to_o the_o particular_a question_n as_o a_o example_n thereof_o and_o here_o lie_v the_o contradiction_n here_o the_o three_o argument_n be_v bring_v as_o a_o instance_n as_o we_o call_v it_o subiicitur_fw-la that_o be_v subject_v as_o inferior_a to_o both_o the_o part_n of_o the_o question_n it_o must_v be_v subiectum_fw-la of_o the_o consequent_a part_n of_o the_o question_n in_o the_o proposition_n and_o subiectum_fw-la of_o the_o antecedent_n part_n of_o the_o question_n in_o the_o assumption_n if_o we_o explicate_v it_o so_o that_o remember_v that_o before_o in_o the_o definition_n of_o syllogismus_fw-la simplex_fw-la and_o apply_v it_o unto_o this_o so_o that_o that_o which_o be_v here_o require_v be_v first_o a_o particular_a question_n than_o a_o three_o argument_n as_o a_o question_n be_v subject_v and_o this_o be_v when_o it_o be_v contract_v ut_fw-la utramque_fw-la partem_fw-la antecedens_fw-la &_o assumptione_n affirmatum_fw-la intelligatur_fw-la for_o that_o be_v understand_v intelligatur_fw-la that_o be_v even_o when_o it_o be_v contract_v so_o that_o here_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o this_o syllogism_n be_v first_o aristotle_n and_o all_o his_o sect_n that_o follow_v he_o make_v this_o figure_n last_o but_o a_o syllogism_n be_v a_o disposition_n and_o according_a to_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o three_o argument_n such_o be_v the_o syllogism_n if_o therefore_o it_o go_v before_o in_o both_o the_o part_n of_o the_o antecedent_n why_o to_o go_v before_o be_v before_o to_o go_v behind_o ergo_fw-la this_o must_v be_v the_o first_o kickerman_n say_v aristotle_n order_n be_v best_a because_o the_o last_o figure_n be_v most_o general_a for_o use_v he_o have_v reason_n for_o it_o for_o it_o be_v more_o large_a for_o his_o reach_n but_o not_o so_o simple_a for_o disposition_n and_o how_o can_v we_o conclude_v till_o we_o know_v where_o to_o place_v the_o three_o argument_n hic_fw-la enim_fw-la argumentum_fw-la quaestionis_fw-la etc._n etc._n ramus_n do_v here_o commorari_fw-la nec_fw-la aliter_fw-la explicatur_fw-la ramus_n be_v here_o deceive_v for_o sometime_o it_o be_v explicate_v yet_o for_o one_o that_o be_v explicate_v we_o shall_v have_v it_o contract_v cap._n 11._o de_fw-fr prima_fw-la specie_fw-la syllogismi_fw-la simplicis_fw-la explicati_fw-la in_o syllogismo_fw-la explicati_fw-la propositio_fw-la est_fw-la generalis_fw-la aut_fw-la propria_fw-la &_o conclusio_fw-la similis_fw-la antecedenti_fw-la aut_fw-la parti_fw-la debiliori_fw-la we_o have_v hear_v that_o a_o simple_a syllogism_n do_v break_v the_o question_n and_o the_o three_o argument_n be_v lay_v to_o each_o part_n that_o be_v to_o the_o consequent_a part_n in_o the_o proposition_n and_o look_v into_o that_o by_o the_o light_n of_o the_o three_o argument_n and_o to_o the_o antecedent_n in_o the_o assumption_n now_o simplex_fw-la be_v by_o use_n contract_v or_o lay_v out_o more_o at_o large_a use_n be_v artium_fw-la magister_fw-la say_v the_o school_n and_o because_o it_o be_v more_o often_o in_o use_n contract_v then_o explicate_v ergo_fw-la it_o be_v requisite_a that_o he_o shall_v teach_v we_o the_o use_n of_o contract_v it_o this_o be_v in_o nature_n first_o if_o we_o shall_v look_v at_o place_v the_o three_o argument_n for_o to_o come_v before_o be_v before_o to_o come_v behind_o and_o to_o come_v behind_o be_v before_o to_o come_v before_o and_o behind_o now_o in_o a_o contract_n the_o question_n be_v always_o particular_a and_o the_o antecedent_n part_n of_o the_o question_n in_o like_a sort_n do_v always_o agree_v with_o the_o three_o argument_n because_o the_o assumption_n must_v always_o be_v affirm_v so_o that_o do_v but_o consider_v those_o two_o thing_n and_o you_o shall_v present_o know_v any_o contract_n syllogism_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o a_o contract_n now_o we_o come_v to_o a_o explicate_v in_o syllogismo_fw-la explicato_fw-la propositio_fw-la est_fw-la generalis_fw-la aut_fw-la propria_fw-la &_o conclusio_fw-la similis_fw-la antecedenti_fw-la aut_fw-la parti_fw-la debiliori_fw-la the_o thing_n here_o to_o be_v consider_v be_v first_o in_o the_o proposition_n then_o in_o the_o conclusion_n the_o proposition_n must_v be_v general_a or_o proper_a not_o particular_a for_o than_o it_o be_v a_o breach_n of_o this_o rule_n and_o this_o fallace_n be_v very_o common_a even_o in_o common_a talk_n as_o for_o example_n that_o that_o tie_v we_o unto_o christ_n be_v the_o act_n of_o our_o faith_n the_o imputation_n of_o christ_n righteousness_n be_v not_o our_o act_n of_o faith_n say_v one_o therefore_o it_o do_v not_o tie_v we_o unto_o christ_n here_o the_o proposition_n be_v not_o general_a for_o we_o be_v make_v righteous_a not_o for_o our_o faith_n alone_o but_o for_o that_o we_o be_v in_o christ_n by_o faith_n faith_n tie_v we_o as_o a_o instrument_n but_o we_o must_v take_v heed_n that_o we_o give_v not_o that_o to_o the_o instrument_n which_o be_v due_a to_o the_o principal_a cause_n for_o even_o as_o my_o arm_n be_v tie_v not_o to_o my_o sinew_n or_o nerve_n but_o be_v tie_v to_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o be_v a_o member_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v tie_v unto_o they_o by_o the_o whole_a so_o we_o be_v as_o member_n of_o christ_n body_n tie_v to_o his_o church_n and_o be_v part_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o form_n of_o the_o whole_a the_o matter_n be_v quatenus_fw-la we_o be_v spiritual_o make_v of_o the_o seman_n of_o the_o word_n the_o form_n be_v the_o union_n of_o the_o spirit_n hold_v all_o the_o member_n in_o semine_fw-la in_o that_o word_n unto_o christ_n now_o there_o be_v no_o fallace_n more_o common_a than_o this_o for_o if_o we_o have_v a_o reason_n we_o bring_v it_o never_o look_v after_o the_o conclusion_n how_o it_o will_v follow_v ergo_fw-la let_v we_o now_o well_o consider_v it_o that_o we_o be_v no_o more_o deceive_v for_o thus_o one_o say_v we_o be_v adopt_v to_o be_v the_o son_n of_o god_n by_o the_o act_n of_o faith_n without_o christ_n but_o the_o imputation_n of_o christ_n righteousness_n do_v not_o make_v we_o to_o be_v adopt_v son_n of_o god_n therefore_o this_o be_v as_o if_o i_o shall_v say_v that_o whereby_o i_o be_o nourish_v or_o live_v be_v my_o hand_n ergo_fw-la this_o be_v true_a but_o yet_o i_o do_v not_o live_v only_o by_o my_o hand_n for_o than_o i_o shall_v feed_v on_o they_o and_o so_o if_o we_o look_v at_o the_o invention_n we_o make_v that_o causa_fw-la sola_fw-la which_o be_v causa_fw-la cum_fw-la alijs_fw-la et_fw-la conclusio_fw-la similis_fw-la antecedenti_fw-la aut_fw-la parti_fw-la debiliori_fw-la that_o be_v if_o that_o be_v strong_a that_o be_v general_a it_o will_v be_v like_o it_o aut_fw-la parti_fw-la debiliori_fw-la that_o be_v particular_a negative_a or_o proper_a now_o for_o negation_n we_o hear_v of_o that_o general_o before_o that_o be_v ex_fw-la meris_fw-la negativis_fw-la nihil_fw-la concluditur_fw-la so_o that_o it_o be_v general_o true_a that_o if_o the_o syllogism_n be_v negative_a the_o conclusion_n thereof_o must_v be_v negative_a but_o particularity_n and_o property_n be_v here_o to_o be_v understand_v so_o that_o whether_o in_o a_o contract_n or_o explicate_v negation_n be_v general_a and_o by_o pars_fw-la debilior_fw-la we_o be_v to_o understand_v both_o negation_n particularity_n and_o property_n but_o more_o especial_o particularity_n and_o property_n particularity_n be_v debilior_fw-la then_o generality_n because_o there_o we_o can_v so_o full_o determine_v of_o a_o thing_n now_o negation_n be_v more_o weak_a than_o affirmation_n because_o it_o be_v more_o general_a as_o when_o i_o say_v a_o man_n be_v not_o a_o stone_n for_o here_o i_o go_v far_o from_o the_o point_n of_o tell_v you_o what_o a_o man_n be_v for_o yet_o he_o may_v be_v any_o thing_n but_o a_o stone_n species_n dvae_fw-la sunt_fw-la prima_fw-la ubi_fw-la argumentum_fw-la semper_fw-la sequitur_fw-la negatum_fw-la in_o altera_fw-la parte_fw-la for_o whilst_o a_o syllogism_n stand_v in_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o question_n with_o a_o three_o argument_n and_o a_o simple_a syllogism_n be_v from_o break_v the_o part_n of_o the_o question_n dispose_v the_o consequent_a in_o the_o proposition_n the_o antecedent_n in_o the_o assumption_n ergo_fw-la the_o species_n must_v be_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o three_o argument_n go_v before_o only_o or_o go_v behind_o only_o or_o go_v both_o before_o and_o behind_o ergo_fw-la they_o be_v very_a species_n of_o disposition_n now_o there_o be_v species_n dvae_fw-la for_o there_o be_v no_o more_o place_n for_o the_o three_o argument_n it_o can_v go_v after_o and_o come_v before_o as_o it_o may_v come_v before_o and_o go_v after_o the_o reason_n
see_v aristotle_n say_v in_o his_o ethic_n that_o he_o must_v proceed_v à _fw-la generalioribus_fw-la ad_fw-la specialiora_fw-la do_v imagine_v that_o every_o art_n must_v have_v his_o praecognita_fw-la but_o aristotle_n mean_v that_o have_v speak_v de_fw-la summo_fw-la bono_fw-mi which_o be_v the_o most_o general_a end_n he_o be_v to_o speak_v of_o thing_n more_o special_a tend_v to_o that_o end_n and_o alas_o what_o be_v absolute_a primum_fw-la in_o a_o art_n but_o the_o first_o rule_n ergo_fw-la can_v there_o be_v any_o thing_n to_o be_v praecognitum_n again_o his_o praecognita_fw-la be_v either_o the_o art_n itself_o confuse_o teach_v or_o the_o exposition_n of_o some_o special_a rule_n thereof_o and_o for_o postcognita_fw-la why_o the_o example_n be_v infimae_fw-la species_n ergo_fw-la low_a ergo_fw-la we_o can_v go_v further_a than_o example_n for_o postcognita_fw-la hac_fw-la enim_fw-la sola_fw-la &_o unica_fw-la via_fw-la proceditur_fw-la ab_fw-la antecedentibus_fw-la omnino_fw-la &_o absolute_a notioribus_fw-la ad_fw-la consequentia_fw-la ignota_fw-la declarandum_fw-la camque_fw-la solam_fw-la methodum_fw-la aristoteles_n docuit_fw-la so_o that_o thing_n be_v to_o go_v before_o or_o after_o by_o their_o nature_n and_o this_o aristotle_n and_o every_o one_o do_v consider_v for_o when_o a_o man_n clothe_v himself_o first_o he_o be_v to_o cover_v his_o head_n then_o to_o put_v on_o his_o doublet_n hose_n etc._n etc._n and_o it_o be_v preposterous_a if_o a_o man_n shall_v first_o put_v on_o his_o shoe_n than_o his_o stocking_n or_o breech_n and_o in_o make_v himself_o unready_a he_o must_v analyse_v that_o be_v first_o put_v off_o his_o shoe_n than_o his_o stocking_n etc._n etc._n cap._n 18._o de_fw-fr prima_fw-la methodi_fw-la illustratione_fw-la per_fw-la exempla_fw-la artium_fw-la sed_fw-la methodi_fw-la unitatem_fw-la exempla_fw-la doctrinarum_fw-la &_o artium_fw-la praecipue_fw-la demonstrant_fw-la praecipueque_fw-la vindicant_fw-la our_o author_n stay_v long_o upon_o method_n his_o reason_n be_v because_o all_o logician_n be_v very_o silent_a in_o the_o doctrine_n of_o method_n and_o they_o that_o have_v speak_v of_o it_o be_v mistake_v therein_o for_o they_o make_v method_n to_o be_v nothing_o but_o genesis_fw-la and_o analysis_n whereas_o they_o be_v the_o practice_n of_o a_o rule_n or_o of_o as_o many_o rule_n as_o be_v in_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o a_o thing_n ergo_fw-la they_o be_v not_o method_n though_o there_o may_v be_v a_o genesis_fw-la and_o a_o analysis_n of_o the_o rule_n of_o method_n as_o well_o as_o of_o any_o other_o rule_v of_o logic_n or_o other_o arts._n now_o whilst_o other_o logician_n know_v not_o this_o they_o have_v run_v into_o many_o question_n about_o the_o multiplicity_n of_o method_n whereas_o it_o be_v but_o one_o as_o may_v easy_o be_v show_v by_o reason_n for_o if_o all_o thing_n be_v make_v one_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o method_n though_o there_o be_v many_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n than_o there_o can_v be_v more_o method_n for_o then_o there_o shall_v be_v more_o world_n exempla_fw-la doctrinarum_fw-la &_o artium_fw-la praecipue_fw-la demonstrant_fw-la praecipueque_fw-la vindicant_fw-la ramus_n say_v that_o method_n as_o it_o be_v true_a be_v not_o better_o see_v to_o be_v one_o then_o in_o the_o rule_n of_o art_n for_o as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v only_o belong_v to_o rule_n of_o art_n so_o method_n be_v almost_o and_o principal_o of_o the_o rule_n of_o art_n though_o their_o order_n may_v be_v in_o many_o other_o thing_n quibus_fw-la quamuis_fw-la omnes_fw-la regulae_fw-la generales_fw-la sint_fw-la &_o universales_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o the_o rule_n of_o art_n all_o be_v universals_z not_o that_o there_o may_v not_o be_v proper_a axiom_n in_o a_o art_n but_o he_o mean_v such_o as_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d otherwise_o if_o he_o shall_v not_o mean_v thus_o this_o generality_n will_v be_v only_o true_a of_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o general_a art_n not_o of_o the_o special_a art_n but_o though_o all_o be_v general_a earum_fw-la tamen_fw-la gradus_fw-la distinguntur_fw-la as_o they_o be_v compare_v one_o with_o another_o as_o the_o definition_n of_o logic_n be_v before_o the_o distribution_n be_v more_o general_a than_o it_o and_o so_o the_o distribution_n be_v more_o general_a than_o the_o next_o and_o so_o for_o the_o rest_n again_o the_o most_o general_a rule_n in_o disposition_n be_v more_o special_a than_o the_o last_o rule_n of_o invention_n because_o invention_n use_n be_v more_o general_a than_o judgement_n though_o the_o rule_n of_o disposition_n may_v contain_v more_o in_o it_o than_o the_o rule_n of_o invention_n contain_v in_o it_o quantoque_fw-la unaquaeque_fw-la genelarior_fw-la erit_fw-la tanto_fw-la magis_fw-la praecedet_fw-la that_o be_v as_o it_o be_v pro_fw-la naturae_fw-la suae_fw-la claritate_fw-la praeponendum_fw-la so_o must_v it_o be_v place_v generalissima_fw-la loco_fw-la &_o ordine_fw-la prima_fw-la erit_fw-la quia_fw-la lumine_fw-la &_o notitia_fw-la prima_fw-la est_fw-la this_o be_v the_o course_n of_o nature_n to_o proceed_v from_o the_o high_a to_o the_o low_a for_o so_o we_o must_v place_v thing_n the_o reason_n follow_v now_o indeed_o ramus_n himself_o take_v no_o great_a pain_n about_o art_n in_o general_a and_o therefore_o imagine_v that_o every_o definition_n in_o art_n be_v absolute_o first_o whereas_o in_o very_a truth_n none_o of_o they_o be_v absolute_o first_o but_o only_o that_o rule_n of_o encyclopaedia_fw-la subalternae_fw-la consequentiae_fw-la sequentur_fw-la quia_fw-la claritate_fw-la sunt_fw-la proximae_fw-la atque_fw-la ex_fw-la his_fw-la natura_fw-la notiores_fw-la praeponentur_fw-la minus_fw-la notae_fw-la substituentur_fw-la tandemque_fw-la specialissimae_fw-la constituentur_fw-la among_o subaltern_n some_o be_v more_o general_a and_o some_o be_v more_o special_a ramus_n here_o speak_v allegorical_o allude_v to_o genus_fw-la and_o species_n subalternae_fw-la and_o specialissimae_fw-la in_o invention_n and_o here_o special_a rule_n be_v all_o one_o with_o other_o in_o themselves_o though_o not_o in_o comparison_n with_o they_o definitio_fw-la itaque_fw-la generalissima_fw-la prima_fw-la erit_fw-la ramus_n mean_v the_o definitio_fw-la and_o the_o definitum_fw-la not_o definitio_fw-la the_o argument_n now_o this_o must_v be_v first_o why_o one_o will_v think_v it_o shall_v rather_o be_v last_o because_o a_o perfect_a definition_n intend_v to_o lay_v down_o the_o whole_a essence_n of_o a_o thing_n and_o before_o a_o man_n can_v know_v a_o piece_n of_o a_o thing_n he_o must_v know_v it_o in_o the_o whole_a as_o it_o be_v comprise_v in_o a_o brief_a from_o the_o near_a cause_n thereof_o distributio_fw-la sequitur_fw-la quae_fw-la si_fw-la multiplex_fw-la fuerit_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o so_o we_o hear_v that_o a_o definition_n be_v manifold_a integri_fw-la in_o membra_fw-la generis_fw-la in_o species_n etc._n etc._n because_o as_o the_o definition_n lay_v out_o the_o whole_a in_o one_o lump_n at_o once_o from_o the_o cause_n which_o be_v the_o utmost_a thing_n so_o in_o a_o distribution_n there_o be_v the_o whole_a but_o lay_v out_o distributive_o in_o his_o part_n so_o that_o this_o be_v the_o difference_n of_o they_o and_o the_o follow_a rule_n do_v prosecute_v every_o part_n according_a to_o their_o place_n praecedit_fw-la in_o part_n integras_fw-la partitio_fw-la &c_n &c_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o be_v because_o the_o membra_fw-la make_v up_o the_o whole_a and_o be_v cause_n thereof_o as_o the_o definition_n be_v of_o the_o thing_n define_v again_o the_o distributio_fw-la of_o generis_fw-la in_o species_n be_v from_o the_o effect_n and_o they_o be_v after_o the_o cause_n ergo_fw-la distributio_fw-la ex_fw-la causis_fw-la must_v go_v before_o they_o again_o a_o distribution_n of_o the_o integrum_fw-la into_o the_o member_n in_o a_o art_n be_v common_a to_o a_o distribution_n of_o the_o genus_fw-la into_o the_o species_n as_o for_o example_n in_o grammar_n vox_fw-la be_v divide_v as_o integrum_fw-la into_o litera_fw-la and_o syllaba_fw-la and_o both_o letter_n and_o syllable_n be_v general_a to_o vox_fw-la numeri_fw-la and_o sine_fw-la numero_fw-la which_o be_v the_o species_n of_o vox_fw-la sequitur_fw-la divisio_fw-la in_o species_n etc._n etc._n but_o if_o there_o be_v a_o distribution_n of_o the_o subject_n into_o the_o adjunct_n they_o must_v go_v before_o distributio_fw-la generis_fw-la in_o species_n as_o affirmatum_fw-la and_o negatum_fw-la axioma_fw-la must_v go_v before_o simplex_fw-la and_o compositum_fw-la because_o the_o adjunct_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d with_o a_o axiom_n in_o general_n again_o if_o we_o set_v a_o distribution_n of_o the_o genus_fw-la into_o the_o species_n before_o a_o distribution_n ex_fw-la adiunctis_fw-la we_o must_v handle_v the_o species_n distinct_o ergo_fw-la there_o will_v be_v no_o room_n for_o distributio_fw-la ex_fw-la adiunctis_fw-la to_o come_v in_o but_o we_o must_v know_v that_o we_o seldom_o have_v these_o distribution_n of_o the_o same_o art_n for_o where_o there_o be_v distributio_fw-la integri_fw-la in_o membra_fw-la there_o be_v seldom_o