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A26259 Averroeana being a transcript of several letters from Averroes an Arabian philosopher at Corduba in Spain, to Metrodorus a young Grecian nobleman, student at Athens in the years 1149 and 1150 : also several letters from Pythagoras to the King of India, together with his reception at the Indian court, and an account of his discourse with the King, and his gymnosophists, and his rules and precepts : his account of the power and efficacy of numbers, and magical uses thereof : to which is prefixt, a Latin letter by Monsieur Grinau, one of the Messieurs du Port Royal in France, to the ingenius Monsieur Gramont, merchant at Amsterdam, concerning the subject of these papers, and how they came to his hands : the whole containing matters highly philosophical, physiological, Pythagorical and medicinal, the work having been long conceal'd is now put into English for the benefit of mankind, and the rectification of learned mistakes.; Correspondence. English. Selections Averroës, 1126-1198.; Pythagoras. Correspondence. English. Selections. 1695 (1695) Wing A4271; ESTC R1981 54,271 185

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humane Number in which wonderful variety consists the highest degrees of unity Therefore Man should not put Locks on the Doors of his Spirit for nothing hurts the holy Powers so much as to fix them in constant methods For this cause Herbs and Medicines have not such efficacy and power to Cure Diseases and Infirmities as some of the Philosophers and Physicians talk of they fixing certain Vertues in them and so they administer them having no regard to the power of the Soul nor to the present Dictates of the good Demon its Son so that the Herb or Medicine is dead and without Life and Spirit But on the other side when he that administers observes the Voice and Dictates of the Spirit or Light of Mens Hearts then the Medicine or Herb becomes full of Life and hath a wonderful Operation and Cures to an high degree This is the method we and our Followers observe in the Practice of Physick always following the Directions of our good Demon which leads us into as great variety as there is of Creatures in the Animal Vegetable and Mineral Kingdoms or four Worlds And though we Cure even to a Miracle with Sage or Balm yet for the same or like Distemper we are led or directed to some other Herb or Thing at another time by our good Angel therefore we esteem it a great Sin to observe certain methods and to kill Men by outward Authority No all our Authority and Power is from our Souls and good Angels which Men ought to consult in all difficulties We do also make great use of the Number three as being a holy Number and a Number of Perfection and most powerful not only in Medicine but also in Religion We also prefer the Number Four it being endued with great Power and Vertue being as it were the Foundation and Root of other Numbers as well of Artificial Things as Natural and Divine The Number Five stands us in great stead in all our Magical Operations this Number is as it were the Birth of the Son and Daughter of Light and a Flame of Love and is the wonderful Perfection and Virtue in all Operations and some of our Fathers have entitled it the Number of Wedlock and of Justice This Number does contain many great Mysteries which aptly used are of good success The Number Six is also of great use and is a Number of Perfection in all the Magical and Sympathetical Operations of Nature Also the Number Seven has no less Vertue and Power than the other and of which all our Fathers have made great observation in Sacred Things in which Numbers all Mysteries are most compleat The Number Eight our Fathers have made great use of and they call it the Number of Justice and Fulness Note also that the Number Nine is of great Vertue both in Medicines and Religion and in all Magical Operations There are also many other Numbers that are of great use and benefit to all that live Innocent Lives and observe God's Law in Nature for Man is in Nature and therefore he must work and penetrate into the inward Mysteries of God's Law by the power of his Soul and light thereof This O King is some part of our methods in the Practice of Physick We dare not in this place discourse of our Secret and Divine Magick nor of the wonderful things that are performed by the power of Sympathy and Antipathy the publishing thereof is forbidden us but this is sufficient to the wise and he that understands how to practice and apply these Rules and Methods here set down is not far from the great and most Secret Knowledge distinguishing the good Powers of God the true understanding of which is the highest degree both of Divine and Natural Magick An Extract of some of the Precepts and Rules that Pythagoras Recommended to his Disciples and Followers O Thou doubly compounded Man fram'd of an Earthly Body influenced by an Immortal Soul convert the Eye of thy Understanding inward study thy self and thou shalt know the wonderful Powers and Qualities God has implanted in thee Thou art the Similitude the Resemblance of all Powers Worlds and Elements In thee the true Natures and Properties of all Created Beings are contained Thou art the Son and Off-spring of all Worlds both Material and Immaterial whereby thou Vertually containest and Symbolically representest the Essences and Qualities of them all For the Great Creator has indued every Being with an Influential Vertue and Vice but more especially thee O Man By which means there is a Secret and Sympathetick Operation and Working of one Body on another For which cause we Command and Recommend to our Disciples and Children I. Temperance and an Abstinence from all Hurtful Things in Eating Drinking and Communication That they keep themselves Clean and Unpolluted Besides we have a particular regard to the great Law of Retaliation to which man must submit either in this or the other World This is the Law of Justice by which all must be tried and none can be exempted Which is the Original Ground and Reason of our Prohibition of Killing Living Creatures and Eating Unclean Foods II. The Gods are not only the Creators but the Preservers of all Creatures and none can enter into the Regions of Bliss but such as observe the Rules of Justice and in all Things imitate them For whosoever opposes them must be compelled to undergo the Severity of Retaliation seeing every thing is moved by a Sympathetick Motion and Inclination and not according to Sence as some vainly imagine but according to God's Eternal Law in Nature and her secret Operation III. The Heavens Sun Moon Stars and all the Elements distil their genuine Influences and prolifick Vertues on all Creatures The most inferior have an equal share in the benefit of those Immortal Preserving Powers according to the Capacity of their Nature So that to obtain their Favour we must of necessity be like them in our Works and Communications IV. We likewise forbid all manner of Violence and Murder not only of those of our own Kind and Species but likewise of all inferior Animals For no Man can do the Work of the Spightful Powers but he must at the same time enter with his Will into their Qualities which have an innate power to advance all kind of Cruelty darkening the Soul and rendring it apt and ready to receive and embrace the Suggestions and Impressions of evil Demons making it a Companion of all the Rapacious Beasts of the Wilderness which we call a double and treble falling from the heighth of Good to the fathomless Abyss of Evil cloathing the Soul with a Bestial Body the Essences whereof will stick to it in Eternity For this Practice is contrary to the Laws of Creation and Preservation 't is Man only by a whimsical Conceit that makes the distinction and not the holy Powers for the Imaginary Security of himself and the Maintenance of Society V. Houses and Hospitals sufficiently endowed must be
some necessary Qualification Therefore as to those forced Spirits of Scurvy grass c. which make Men look like so many spotted Leopards which the publick and scandalously Licensed Quacks and Empericks together with their Orvietan or disguised Mi●hrida●● Aqua S●iptica of which not one knows truly even the Etymology of the Word which destroys more than they pretend to Cure are only to be regarded as so many Cheats put upon Mankind and a meer Trick for an Impudent Blockhead to get a Penny at the Expence and Hazard of a Life better worth than his own For I look upon all those Cattle as the Pest and Plague of a Nation and ought to have the Libera nos fixed over their Door if ever they deserve to be Owners of an House But Metrodorus for fear I should over-lash I will quit the Discourse at present and say somewhat more in my next wherein setting aside the prejudices of Education the common Method of Physicians in the Country where I at present live and the Vulgar Opinion of Philosopers I shall endeavour by following my Mistress Nature to contribute what I can to the satisfactory Curiosity of a Person I believe so desirous of being acquainted with Truth Farewel Dated Corduba 1149. Averroes to Metrodorus SInce my last I have met with some Occur●●nces that I think may be of use to you in the Study you are engaged in I am sufficiently acquainted with the Noble Disposition of your Soul which sets too high a value upon Truth to l●● any thing pass by you unexamined and scorns to despise any thing meerly because 't is easie to be had and at a cheap rate The true value of things is never lessen'd by their being ordinary and common for we are yet ignorant of the Nature of that which we most familiarly converse with How many are the Doubts the Philosophers are perplexed with about the Substance and Operation of their Souls even whilst they are employing them And how few if any are acquainted with the Constitution of their Bodies whilst they daily carry them about with them and seem to take so much unnecessary care for them Were we but better informed of our own Natures it would conduce much more to the gratifying our Curiosity in the search of Truth and withal deliver us from the power of many Accidents that so often surprize and overwhelm us There would be less need of the Doctor would every Man become his own Physician which would very easily be done could we but maintain a regular observation of the condition and temperament of our Constitutions Having therefore of late been particularly engaged to make some Observations on a Consumptive Person I shall briefly communicate to you what Methods ought to be followed by People afflicted with that Disease and that generally only not entring into a Philosophical Disquisition of its Origine and Cause To begin then The lowest and simplest Foods and smallest Drinks are most advantageous to such as labour under wasting Distempers All Spoon Meats made ●● Oat-meal and Water eaten with Bread but without Butter are proper Some commend Flower and Water eaten with B●ead and Salt two or three times a Week and Chocolate made with Water and only sweetned with Sugar Sometimes let your Food be mean and other times rich for Nature loves Variety but then remember to eat sparingly Such People ought to be cautious of visiting the Shades of Venus which is extreamly prejudicial and is perhaps in many the Original of that Distemper All sorts of strong Liquors are to be avoided also new Milk though the Learned do often advise it Salt is very proper in most Foods it strengthens the Stomach and procures Appetite In fine Temperance is the main thing to be observed and it is safer to err in quality than quantity which over-burdens Nature stagnates the Blood and Humours and induces a general Ca●hexy through the whole Body It is very wholesom also to walk in the Fields especally by Running Rivers where the Air is more fine and spirituous and more readily penetrates the Body on all sides wonderfully helping the Circulation of the Blood and facilitating Digestion Lying alone on Quilts and Flock Beds is beneficial for Consumptive Persons Their Cloathing ought to be moderate rather inclining to thinness for heat gotten by Exercise is surely most salutiferous Once a Day let them remember to drink a Pint of good Water which will cleanse the Vessels of the Stomach and help Concoction the often changing their Cloaths will contribute much to a Cure provided they take care not to catch Cold. This may be thought a strange Method but Metrodorus I have seen the Power and Vertue of it by Experience It abundantly refreshes the Spirits enduing them with new Life and Strength increases the Menstruum of the Stomach sharpens the Appetite to an high degree and unconceivably assists Nature in several respects But because I have touch'd a little upon Milk I shall give my Opinion of it a little more fully Milk in its own Nature is a noble healthy Food but some better than other according to the disposition of the Cattle from whence 't is drawn and the Nature of the Pasturage whereon they feed from whence arises that great variety in the several forts of Butter and Cheese The principal Season of the Year for the eating of Milk is from the beginning of April to the last of July It is good indeed at all times of the Year provided the Cows be new Milch for it is by no means to be eaten after the Cows have taken Bull for then it becomes thick and as it were stagnated difficult of Concoction and exceedingly detrimental to wasting People and naturally generates frothy and phlegmatick Juices in the Stomach which is drawn and attracted by the Lungs and Nature having no other way to disburthen her self of these Crudities is necessitated to send the greatest part up the Windpipe occasioning Asthma's and Coughs the foundation of inexplicable Diseases which discovers of what importance 't is to be very wary in our method of eating and drinking I shall before I finish this Letter make some Observations that may be useful to several Constitutions if duly regarded and then take my leave of you till another occasion gives me liberty to discourse further on this Subject The Phlegmatick ought to eat when they break their fast Bread Butter and Cheese or some other dry Food and not drink till two or three hours of whatever you drink let it be of a middle strength This method will not only Purge by Urine and open the passages but beget a brisk Appetite for a Dinner To eat a Toast and Oyl together with a draught of good Ale and Beer is very wholesom but if the Party inclines to fatness then walking in the open Air is a good Remedy It prevents Obstruction and gross Humours and unperceivably assists the Operation of Nature The Sanguine Complexion ought chiefly to desire the most
finds it This is that that opens the great Fountain of Benignity 'T is the Practice of Goodness that unites Mens Souls to God These O King are the Considerations that mov'd us to prohibit Violence and Cruelty to keep our Hands clean from the Blood of Animals and to commend to our Disciples a Friendly Conversation with all things to represent to them the Deformity of Vice and the Beauty of Vertue and Gentleness being well assured by the Universal Voice of God and his Law in Nature that an Hecatomb of Bulls cannot be so acceptable a Sacrifice to him as an unpolluted Mind and a Will wholly prepared to follow his Directions and submit to his Providence 'T is to a strict and severe imitation of him that we solicite our Followers who is not delighted with Cruelty but is extreamly pleased with the practice of Justice when Men have Learnt the Art of doing to others as they would be willing to have others do to them For no Man was made to be a Tyrant and an Epicure to domineer at pleasure upon his Fellow Creatures who at all times and in all respects answer the end of their Creation better than himself ●ut being hurried by the Spirit of Igno●ance and Error he is become the common Disturber of Nature's Harmony putting her whole Frame in Tumult and Combustion If Men pass out of the Body in this wrathful Disposition what Regions must they enter into and what Bodies must they be cloathed with And since by the secret Power of the Eternal Law every Spirit or Soul does naturally attract such matter for a Body as is suitable to its self Those that have lived in the Power and Operation of the Lion Tyger and Dog and so far brutified their Nature as to resemble those Animals must they not expe●● to be cloathed in such hideous Forms and Shapes As on the contrary the Virtuous and Compassionate shall be adorned with the Garments of Innocency and Light The first step to Vertue is to do no Hurt the next is to do all the Good we can even to the least of God's Creatures What Creature soever you show kindness to the same doth naturally call upon the Fountain of Benignity for a Blessing upon you so on t●● other hand the Cries of Oppressed Innocence take the deepest Root both in the Fountain of Love and the Fountain of Wrath. The Good attracteth and praiseth the Good and the Evil the Evil. Every Thing and Principle delights in its like This is demonstrable in all Natural Things that proceeded from the Immaterial World and is in all its Particulars Forms Figures Qualities and Operations And whoever does understand the outward cannot be ignorant of the inward for in the great depth they are both one The understanding whereof is of infinitely greater moment than your Men of War for they are Sons of Violence which do naturally attract the Malignity and Evil out of all things and the Curse of all Creatures takes place in them Therefore O King be pleased not to suffer any false Reports to Exasperate your Royal Inclinations against us who have no design of stirring up Sedition to the Embroilment of your State or Kingdom but only to communicate that Innocent and Benign Light Heaven has darted int●●ur Souls to as many of the Great Maker of the World's Creatures as we can perswade to embrace it that they may by perusing the Precepts of true Vertue and Philosophy become Dutiful and Peaceful Subjects in their present State and Blessed and Happy Spirits in the future As we doubt not O King shortly to make apparent when we ●●all have the Honour to be admitted into your Royal Presence Second Letter Most Noble Prince YOur desire I shall answer so far as I may The Vertues and Efficacy of Numbers are wonderful in their Operation when aptly and properly applied as the most Eminent Philosophers do unanimously confirm and teach Now Number is nothing else but a repetition of Unity for Unity doth most simply go through every Number and is the common Measure Foundation and Original of all Numbers and contains every Number joined together intirely the beginner of every Multitude always the same unchangeable It is the highest Number in Musical Harmony where all Forms and Qualities stand in equal Weight and Measure and may justly be called Concord therefore from Unity all things proceeded nothing was before it nor nothing is after it and all things that are desire the One because they all proceeded from the One God Creator of an Creatures which do endeavour to return to that One Fountain whence they proceeded All Clemency Mercy Softness Compassion and doing unto all Creatures as we would be done unto proceeds from the Unit● and Concord and is the Fountain from whence all true Knowledge and Religion arises Unity and Harmony is the Preserver of all Creatures Light and Loye are the Off spring and Sons of Concord All those are most happy that obtain it and all Creatures are most miserable without it Equality and Order are the Sinews and Health both of the Body and Mind not only in this World but in that which is to come For this cause Order and the proper practice and use of Numbers do mightily fortifie men against the Temptations of evil Demons and at the same time most powerfully attract the holy Powers and Communications of good Angels For in what Creature soever the natural Qualities stand nearest equasity or have made themselves so by observing God's Law in Nature they make that Creature most happy He that Sins against God's Law breaks and violates the Unity of his own Principles By all the Philosophical Mediums and Circumstances in Religion the first Founders intended to draw Men into some order that they by degrees might through the Forms obtain the Unity That those People are most happy that taught their Followers to live an innocent harmless Life which bears the nearest Relation to Unity and Concord For we do affirm That no inequality nor evil inclinations can or do arise or proceed from the Soul or Mind of that Man whose properties and inward qualities keep equal weight and measure All Evil proceeds from the many that is from the inequality of the inward Powers of Mens Souls therefore Harmony is the highest state of the Soul and the compleatest composition of the Senses Is not order the Original which is nothing else but a compleat Number the very Fountain whence all good Government proceeds both in the Celestial and Terrestrial Worlds Let us consider the Heavens Stars and Elements with their wonderful and amazing variety of Creatures wherewith the Four Lower Worlds are endued more especially the Celestial where the holy and various Powers of good Demons are beyond all humane number and all act and work in that exact Order and Number which the great first Being created them in therefore all the Beasts Fishes and Fowls of Heaven are more innocent and consequently more happy than Men because they