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A79400 Political and military observations, remarks and maxims, of Charles V. late duke of Lorrain, general of the Emperor's forces From a manuscript left by him, and never printed before. Charles V, Duke of Lorraine, 1643-1690.; Beck, Rupert.; Savage, John, fl. 1680, engraver. 1699 (1699) Wing C3650; ESTC R200475 66,262 303

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Immutatability is only peculiar to the Deity since no created Beings how excellent soever in their Nature but were made liable to change and left to a possibility of falling from that State in which they were placed Thus Lucifer from a glorious Angel became a Devil it is matter of Astonishment That in Heaven where he was placed in the highest Orb of Happiness and Peace that he could not be content but must rebell against his Maker It is matter of Wonder That even Heaven where the God of Peace reigns should not be exempt from Rebellion and since the Fall it seems as if Opposition were the very Essence of all created Beings How are the Elements in Hostility How doth the Earth quake The Sea roar the Air thunder and the Brutes wage War against each other The Greater devouring the Lesser And no wonder That Men are drawn in having such Prompters as the Devil and their own perverse Natures that they can not without jarring live in neither City nor Neighbourhood How early did this Enmity shew it self For even in the Womb Jacob and Esau struggled for Mastery and when born what fewds were there betwixt these two Twins in their Father's Family That not agreeing they were forced to be separated till lenghth of Time had worn out their Animosities Also a Father and Son David and Absalon a Kingdom could not contain them but one must Rival the other for Empire And which is more Cain and Abel though they had the World betwixt them yet was their Discord Fatal Thus Satan as from the beginning so to this Day he persists in fomenting Dissensions setting Man against Man Family against Family and Nation against Nation putting all into Confusion by Broils and Wars through which Riches are exchanged for Poverty and Sorrows are introduced in lieu of those Delights that accompany Peace who as it is the Health of a State and a Nourisher and Incourager of Arts so is War its Sickness and the Discouragement of Ingenuities For in the midst of Noise and Hurry none can expect sutable returns of Vertue where Dissoluteness seems to be let loose to make way for Pride Strife and Contentions and where every one labours to make his Neighbour his Prey Thus where War is there Misery overflows like an impetuous Torrent carrying away even to the very marks of Prosperity that Peace had formerly left its Inhabitants There are two kinds of War viz. Civil and Foreign CIVIL War is usually the Daughter of a bigotted Zeal for a publick Good and feigned Liberty and Property it is from intestine Broils that proceeds Irreverence and Disobedience and through the depravetness of Nature and manners justice Majesty and Laws are trodden under Foot to make way for Spoil and setting up some private Interest or to wreak some conceived spite Such are like those Fishers that find advantage by casting their Nets in troubled Waters Intestine Heats if not timely quenched may prove the Destruction of Empires and are worse than foreign Wars And as Diseases within the Body are more to be feared than remoter Griefs so Civil War is attended with more sinister Effects than that from Enemies abroad for where the Bowels of a State are disaffected there the Father is against his Son and every Man's Sword against his Fellow and as a House divided cannot stand so the Ruin of that State may be expected where one Member wounds the other to the Hurt of the Whole These Wars called Civil are the most Uncivil for then is laid aside all respect and consideration with reference to Affinity Consanguinity or Friendship for Friend knows not his Friend nor Relation Relation neither doth the Son know his Father nor Servant his Master no more than the Subject knows his Prince Thus States and Common-wealths have their Diseases as well as Men. It is the wise Physician 's part to find out its Cause for when known the Maladie is half cured And as Purging and Bleeding is requisite to full Bodies where Bloud abounds and ill Humours are grown to a ferment so Phlebotomy in a State is necessary when Malecontents are risen up and become the Disease of the Place so as to affect the Body Politick Let the Evil proceed from what cause soever it matters not nei-neither is it material from what quarter the Wind Blows if it indangers the House Therefore let the Discord proceed from what Cause or Persons soever whether from a foreign designing Power or from Poverty Oppression or Idleness or from the popularity of some particular indeared One to the People as Absalom was in his time all which being so many Rock's or Shelves the Pilot who sits at the Helm ought to steer his Ship so as to avoid the threatened Danger and though he hath formerly escaped yet is he not to rest secure for though every Vapour may not turn to a Storm yet it is good that the Ship 's Tackling be ready to weather the Tempest that she may be safely steered into the Harbour of Peace Civil War ordinarily hath these following Pretences as Religion which is of great weight to influence a bigotted Commonalty an invasion of Properties which annexed to the former will go a great way to unhinge all Thus if Laws be broken Privileges infringed and Subjects oppressed whether by Taxes or by the Irregularity of Souldiers Also when Persons of no merit are impowered any Thing will serve malecontents to exclaim and take occasion to gratify their Spite though the secret Cause of their Inveterateness proceeds from their not being preferred and that their imaginary Merit is not answered But whatever the inducements may be they are but a wild sort of Executors of Justice who taking pet at the World will chuse rather to revenge themselves on themselves than not gratify their Humour but these hereby involve also the ignorant Commonalty that like Tinder are subject to take Fire such rather than sit still under those Bounds that Providence hath prescribed them will run the hazard of their own Destruction Also Princes Austerity to their Subjects may be a means to bring on themselves as well as People many Evils The same may be said of private Fewds in great Families that they are the Forerunners of Tumults in a State especially when they arise to that height as to forme themselves into disorderly Assemblies from such Sparks are often kindled Civil Dissensions Likewise want of Bread may be an occasion for nothing makes more desperate than a Dearth and the more if there be no prospect of a Remedy The Remedies of Civil War may in some measure be effected when its Causes are known then sutable ways may be found to appease the incensed Ones If the imperious Humour of the Prince be occasion then let him change his Conduct for such may be the churlish Austerity of a Master that his Dogs may be so incensed as to shew their Teeth and Snarl though they may not always Bite Soft Words and a debonaire Carriage cost
in its Nature offensive to Mankind whose Undertaker seems to design the Destruction of his Species This is the most unnatural of Enterprises and looks as if Men had forgot they were Men and that they had divested themselves of their Understanding and Humanity and were become more cruel each to other than irrational Brutes are to those of their own Sort who wage not War one kind against those of the same The Lion ordinarily tears not the Lion nor the Tiger and Wolf those of their kind they assemble not in Herds and form not destructive Projects by gathering Parties against Parties Also our Lord gives us to believe That though the Devils are Enemies to Mankind yet that they are not divided amongst themselves for if so their Kingdom could not stand Is it not Folly and Frenzie to seek Occasions to be a Plague to the Age and an Instrument of torment to others To effect which they will run through all Hazards by Sea and Land and for Uncertainties court Death and Destruction and with so much fierceness imbark others with themselves to endeavour the Ruin of those they neither hate nor know As it is with every hired Souldier that invades the Persons and Properties of such who never gave him offense Thus these mercenary Champions contribute as far as in them lies to the promoting the Disorder and sad Effects of such Debordements even to which themselves they bear their share Those mercenary Ones who regard not the Justice of a Cause but fight for the empty Name of being Valourous and the inconsiderable recompences intailed on them rather deserve to be styled Mad-men who give themselves up a Prey to the Sword and hazard for trifles their All to the Mercy of incensed Ones who will have no consideration to reduce such either to their first Nothing or to render them useless by loss of Members which is more deplorable than Death it self And this to serve the passion of an ambitious One in an unjust Cause and perhaps such an one who neither knows nor cares for their Persons farther than to obtain his End nor would Scruple when occasion offered to serve himself of their dead Bodies as a Pedestal to heighten his Stature to take the farther view But when God and Reason calls for the Defence of their Countrey Prince and Properties then to dye or suffer in such a cause is honourable and a Duty incumbent on the Subject It is deplorable the sad Reflections that may be made of the Effects incident to Wars which in themselves are sufficient to deter the Promoters of unjust Ones The hardening themselves against such Considerations are Aggravations of their Crimes for from that time they are launched from the Shore of Peace they also involve themselves and others into a Sea of Troubles with whose angry Waves they wrestle and are tossed and hurried by the Wind of Fortune into a Gulph of Misery which hath a Mouth wide like Hell and refuses no Comers but Preyes mostly on the Valiant and such as are fittest for noble Atchievements The most robust and daring and those likliest to live are more immediately its Objects and like the Lion the King of Beasts disdains a mean Prey and as he spares none but crushes all that come under his Paws So this King of Terrours when riding in Triumph on his Chariot of War then the impotent the base the Coward are not so immediately the Object of his lure as the bold and daring such as with courage can look Death in the Face thus like the generous Hawk he takes his flight on the noblest Quarry But such is the misery incident to Man that sometimes God suffers in an Age a Scourge to arise who being given up to a boundless Ambition is unsatiable even to the ravishing his Neighbour's Properties which after he calls his and that for no juster reason than that such was his pleasure and after an illegitimate Possession claims a right to adjacent Places by virtue of their Reunion Thus some Mens desires are boundless like the Ocean and as the Grave are never satisfied for presuming on their Power and Strength they insult their Neighbours But where is the generosity To seek occasions of Contest where none is given and that on frivolous and often on no pretext surprise the disarmed or at least upon such a disarity of Force as makes them no proper Objects for a generous Undertaker But such run the Hazard of this Censure That as the lesser Hectors where they have an advantage will on every slight Occasion quarrel and draw and wanting matter for Contest will rake it out of nothing Thus the greater to serve their turn wage War and tell the reason afterwards But so abstruse are the Inducements for their irregular Proceedings that even Oedipus himself how clear-sighted soever had he been living could not have discovered whence nor why were such Hostilities yet such are the Parasitical Humours of many that after a success obtained they will sing the Encomiums of Praises of those whom they know have dishonoured God and done the Devil's Business Thus unwarrantable Actions take a new Name and bury that of Usurpation in the Bowels of Victory that it seems as if Success and Right were indissolvably knit together Thus the Glory of overcoming or being overcome denominates the Enterprise good or evil and accordnig to the common acceptation of things Fame Ecchoes forth Praise or Dispraise Thus little Robberies are called Thefts while those great ones of Principalities and Countries are styled Conquests and Heroick Actions Thus Usurpation changes its Name and the Usurper is become the lawful Prince whose fortunate Success is adored by the gazing World while the Sufferer is despised and contemned Thus the small Fry in the Seas is made the prey to greater Fishes and the lesser Fowl to Birds of prey Thus powerful Princes imboldened by their strength like Wolves seise on their Neighbours Flocks and hug themselves with this impious Maxim That wicked Enterprises change their Nature with their Names and become Vertues when attended with Success Thus is he exalted to pride himself whose Bloud boiling in a high Ferment of Glory is imboldened to farther Insolencies though he runs the hazard of Eternal Vengeance for the all-powerful is not tied to Means but with the Usurper's own Weapons whetted to Destroy his Neighbours he may thereby himself be made a Victim and the measure he meated to others may be accumulated on him But what can we expect when the Reflections of a Superiour Vengeance will not take Place that any more inferiour Consideration should be available Or that he should be induced to moderation from any Reason drawn from his Honour that is eclipsed by oppressing such who have not might to Subsist but under the shelter of a more Auspicious Wing But it is not thus amongst irrational Animals for the generous Lion disdains to make the Mouse his prey nor will the Eagle catch Flies Of Just Offensive War IT may be